The Thon Cha Tri is a single headed drum seen on the left side of the picture.

The drum on the right side is the Ramana Drum. Different types of wood can be used to make this drum. Usually some kind of hard wood but wood from fruit trees is also used. The head is around 20 cm in diameter. The drum is played using one hand and the other is used to hold the tail of the instrument. The hand is inserted in the hollow end and can be moved in and out to open and close the end. This produces a damped (closed) or reverberating sound (open).

The Klong Kaak is a long cylindrical drum with a similar shape and size to the western style bongo drums. The body is made of hardwood and the drum heads are tied down with leather strips. The two heads are of unequal size, see the second picture. The large head is around 20 cm and the smaller one 18 cm. The heads are made of calfskin or goatskin. The drums are used in pairs and are of different pitches. The higher toned drum is referred to as tua pu ( "male" in thai ) and the lower toned is called dua mia ( "female" ). They are played with the palms and fingers of the hand, and both drumheads are used. There is one player for each drum . A complex rhythmic line is created by the intermingling and alternating of the sounds of the two drums.

The ranat is a kind of percussion instrument which evolved from thegrap. Originally a pair of grap where used to keep the rhythm. Later, several grap were made and put in a series, but the tones where the bars were struck, were coarse and out of tune. Then it was decided to lay them on two tracks or supports. After musicians and instrument makers gained more knowledge and experience, further improvements were made. The grap were constructed in a series of sizes, and a support was devised to hold them in such a way as to allow the tone to sound freely. To accomplish this , a heavy string was threaded through holes made the ends of the grap. The grap were then placed close together on the cord, and the entire"keyboard" was hung on a supporting stand. The keys were struck with two , long slender beaters which had knobs at the ends. One beater was held in each hand. The instrument could now be used to play melodies.

Thai instrumental ensembles use several different types of gong but one of the most common is pictured here to the right. The Kong Mong(Khaw-ng Mong) .Like many words in the thai language the sound of the object has an influence on the name. This is true of the Kong Mong which is named after the sound that eminates from the instrument, namely a "Mong" sound. In olden times drums and the Kong were used to anounce the time of day and night.

The Klong Yao is a long Thai Style drum made of hardwood. Unlike theKlong Kaak it has only one head. The widest part of the drum is the at the head. The upper section quickly narrows down to the thinner neck and to the open end. Another piece of wood is placed at the end to make a wide rim. The drum is made on the same general principles as those used in making the Thon, although the kong Yao is much different in shape. There are several sizes of this drum, an average on having a drumhead of 21 cm in diameter and a body 75 cm in length. A mixture of cooked rice and ashes is applied to the drumhead to procure the desired tone and pitch. The body is customarily decorated with a piece of cloth and fastened around the upper part of the body. Another circle of cloth hangs down loosely from the edge of the head. A long strip is also tied to the head and then joined to the narrow part of the drum so that it may be slung from the shoulders. The drum is mainly played with the hands, but some skilled players are able to play with their head, fists , elbows , knees and even their heels.