REPORT 3

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF

TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM FACILITIES
P R E S E N T E D B Y : K A I L A L O U I S E C C R U Z
 What Do You Know ABout
transportation
Transportation is an integral part of the functioning of the society. The transport system improves the social,
economic, industrial, commercial progress and transfers the society into an organized one. It is one of the most
essential services, vital force for determining the direction of development. To achieve the desired transportation
balance and the system to be efficient, it is essential to provide organized facilities in the system,

As transportation involves the movement of the people and goods, there is a need of an “access point” in
transport system to use it. These access points are known as “Terminals” or the fixed facilities. Terminals are one
of the main components of any mode of transportation.
what is
bus terminal?
Bus Stations and Terminals. A bus
terminal, or terminus, is the point
where a bus route starts or ends, where
vehicles stop, turn or reverse, and wait
before departing on their return
journeys. It's also where passengers
board and alight from vehicles.
 importance of
bus terminal
A bus terminal, or terminus, is the point where a
bus route starts or ends, where vehicles stop, turn
or reverse, and wait before departing on their
return journeys. It's also where passengers board
and alight from vehicles. It also often provides a
convenient point where services can be controlled
from.
 construction process
of bus terminals
Architectural planning of
1 whole bus-terminal 4 Design of pavement

Planning and design of Material estimation of the

2 complete bus-terminal 5 whole project

Design of a steel garage for bus

3 repairing house and bus storage 6 Car parking management
 construction process
of bus terminals
Architectural planning of
1 whole bus-terminal

The objective of the internal design of a transport terminal is to

minimize the disorientation and confusion of a passenger as he
arrives at the terminal and desires to move towards the destination
without undue loss of time. The experience of India however shows
that most of the rail, bus and air terminals leave much to be desired
from the human orientation point of view. To measure the
passenger orientation and to enable evaluation of the terminal
design an easily tractable quantitative method has recently been
evolved. This paper attempts to apply it to two rail terminals in
Bombay and to compute some indices to serve as criteria for
determining the level of service and suggest directions for
improvement.
 construction process
of bus terminals

Planning and design of

2 complete bus-terminal
 construction process
of bus terminals

Design of a steel garage for bus

3 repairing house and bus storage
 construction process
of bus terminals
4 Design of pavement

A layered structure supported

by soil subgrade to form the
carriageway of a road iscalled
road pavement. • It is of two
types.
➢Flexible pavement or
bituminous. pavement or black
top pavement.
➢Rigid pavement or cement
 construction process
of bus terminals
Material estimation of the
5 whole project

What is a materials estimate? A

material estimate is also known
as a quantity takeoff, a
construction takeoff or a
material takeoff. It refers to
taking off information from the
blueprints about the materials
and how much of them are
needed for the build.
 construction process
of bus terminals
6 Car parking management

Strengthen parking enforcement

by developing more convenient
payment and time options.
Share parking facilities. Parking
can be shared among different
business in an area to take
advantage of different peak
periods. Encourage businesses
to share parking.
bus terminal
floor plan
 what is
bus station?
a place where buses start
and end their routes.
what is
train terminal?
DEFINITION

terminal where trains load or unload

passengers or goods
 importance of
trains
A Railway network is more than just for freight
trains it is a form of public transportation that
transports numerous amounts of people and
goods to-and-from specific areas within the
country, making it “climate-smart and efficient.”
Serving as “a system running on metal rails and
wheels,” railway systems enable economic growth
because of how it transports goods and materials
across regions and offers commute for people to
travel.
 construction process
of train terminals
The preparatory work before
1 railway construction 4 Track laying

Lay ballast in the bottom

2 layer. 5 Ballast laying

Railway sleeper transport and

3 laying 6 Other railway construction work
 construction process
of train terminals
The preparatory work before
1 railway construction

The preparatory work before

railway construction. Unlike
other type of road building, such
as highway guardrail
construction, before starting the
railway construction, the
materials such as steel rails, rail
fasteners and the ballasts need
to be prepared in advance.
 construction process
of train terminals
Lay ballast in the bottom
2 layer.

The primary function of the

track-ballast layer is to bear
loading, facilitate water
drainage, and prevent
underlying vegetation from
surfacing.
 construction process
of train terminals
Railway sleeper transport and
3 laying

Railway sleepers are laid

horizontally underneath tracks
to hold rail lines in place at the
correct gauge.” Wooden
sleepers are also comparatively
cheap, as well as light and easy
to transport, install and
maintain
 construction process
of train terminals
4 Track laying

A track-laying vehicle is a
vehicle whose wheels run inside
a continuous chain or track. A
track-laying vehicle could be
described as a wheeled vehicle
carrying its own road. With a
track-laying vehicle, the engine
drives small cogwheels that run
along the top of the track in
contact with the ground.
 construction process
of train terminals
5 Ballast laying

Ballast is material like broken stone,

gravel or any other granular
material. It can, for example be
spread and packed below and
around sleepers. It provides good
drainage for the track structure and
holds sleepers in the correct
position by preventing movements
caused by lateral load.
 construction process
of train terminals
6 Other railway construction work

Railway construction is also called

track laying and ballasting. It is the
process of laying the railway
sleepers and tracks on the track
bed. The railway construction
process mainly include
transportation and laying of railway
sleepers and rails, ballast
transportation and laying.
train terminal
floor plan
 what is
airport?
DEFINITION

A terminal is made up of several gates

where planes park and passengers wait
to board. In large terminals, these gate
areas may be divided into sections
known as concourses, filled with dining,
shopping and lounge options, as well as
restrooms and other facilities.
 importance of
airports
Airports are important to a
community because they
provide local businesses with
access to the global market.
They help retain and attract
business to a community and
thus provide jobs and
economic prosperity for the
area.
 construction process
of airports
The preparatory work before
1 railway construction 4 Track laying

Lay ballast in the bottom

2 layer. 5 Ballast laying

Railway sleeper transport and

3 laying 6 Other railway construction work
 airport
floor plan
 what is
port?
DEFINITION

Ports are commonly recognized as places where

cargo is transferred between ships and trucks,
trains, pipelines, storage facilities, or refineries.
 importance of
ports
Ports serve as important transportation
hubs that facilitate goods movement goods
movement The distribution of freight
(including raw materials, parts and finished
consumer products) by all modes of
transportation including marine, air, rail and
truck. to businesses in local communities
and worldwide markets.
construction process
of ports
1 Greenfield and Brownfield Sites

Nautical Access to
2 Terminals

3 Quay Wall Construction

 port
floor plan
thank you!