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Materi 10.tatalaksana Sepsis Pasien Kritis - PRAUD (d2)
Materi 10.tatalaksana Sepsis Pasien Kritis - PRAUD (d2)
Materi 10.tatalaksana Sepsis Pasien Kritis - PRAUD (d2)
Pemeriksaan
Anamnesis
Fisik
Pemeriksaan Pemeriksaan
Laboratorium Radiologi
Dissregulasi
Localized Infeksi Sistemik
Infection Infeksi Fokal
Disfungsi
Organ
identified those with suspected infection in whom to compare criteria. Confirmatory analyses
were performed in 4 data sets of 706 399 out-of-hospital and hospital encounters at 165 US
…Penekanan adalah respons imun (abnormal) pejamu terhadap
and non-US hospitals ranging from January 1, 2008, until December 31, 2013.
suatu
EXPOSURESinfeksi yang mengakibatkan
Sequential [Sepsis-related] Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) disfungsi
score, systemic organ, sedangkan
inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria, Logistic Organ Dysfunction System (LODS)
tahap inflamasi
score, and yang
a new model derived dikenallogistic
using multivariable dengan
regression inistilah SIRS
a split sample, the quick telah dihilangkan,
Sequential [Sepsis-related] Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) score (range, 0-3 points, with 1
demikian
point each forpula kriteria[!100
systolic hypotension SEVERE SEPSIS
mm Hg], tachypnea ["22/min], or altered mentation).
Figure 2: The standard flowchart of the new 6Rs rule for anti-infection therapy for sepsis and septic shock. Right patients is the first to be considered. It is necessary to find evidence
Patients receiving delayed appropriate antibiotic therapy
Keterlambatan pemberian
antibiotik pada kasus syok septik
dapat meningkatkan mortalitas !
2 Bar graph depicting mortality for patients receiving delayed appropriate antibiotic
PELATIHAN & BIMTEKtherapy
PRAUD(black bars) and those receiving timely
*Rapid assessment includes
history and clinical
examination, tests for both
infectious and non-infectious
causes of acute illness, and
immediate treatment of acute
conditions that can mimic
sepsis. Whenever possible,
this should be completed
within 3 hours of
presentation so that a
decision can be made as to
the likelihood of an infectious
cause of the patient’s
presentation and timely anti-
microbial therapy provided if
the likelihood is thought to be
high.
PELATIHAN & BIMTEK PRAUD
Memahami
PK/PD princip PK,PD, dan PK/PD
Concentration in
non targeted site Toxicity
PK Toxicity
PD
A Plasma
n targeted site D concentration
changing in
M time
E
Concentration Therapeutic
MIN in action site effect
Protein binding,
Cmax, Cmin, MAX
Half-life,
AUC,
C (max) AUC
Peak C (min)
Plasma
concentration
changing in
time
Plasma concentration
Konsentrasi ANTIBIOTIK dalam
of ATB
plasma defines
sangat the ATB
mempengaruhi
efek terapi dan kejadian AMR
effect
on
N
Figure 1. Plasma concentrations of antibacterial drugs according to the pathophysiology of sepsis. CL, clearance; Vd,
volume of distribution.
Pieralli F, Mancini A, Crociani
Dosis AB pada sepsis fase awal
A. Appropriate Antibiotic Therapy
in Critically Ill Patients. Italian
[page 276]
berbeda dengan fase lanjut!
[Italian Journal of Medicine 2016; 10:792]
Journal of Medicine 2016; 10:792
PELATIHAN & BIMTEK PRAUD
Perubahan farmakokinetik AB “hidrofilik” terjadi pada saat
volume distribusi tinggi (contoh pada sepsis)
Rhodes A, et all. SSC: International Guidelines for Management Septic and Septic Shock.
Critical care medicine journal. March 2017 • Volume 45 • Number 3
PELATIHAN & BIMTEK PRAUD
Durasi antibiotik pada VAP : 8 hari vs 15 hari
JAMA 2003
PELATIHAN & BIMTEK PRAUD
Durasi antibiotik pada VAP : 8 hari vs 15 hari
• Kultur mikrobiologis
• Gram stain
Suhu 0C
Antibiotik Penyesuaian terapi
?
37,5
Demam menetap • Komplikasi
• Fokal infeksi lain
• Kesadaran Leukosit, PCT, • Resisten antibiotik
• Deteksi komplikasi CRP.
• Dosis suboptimal
• Amati gejala lain Foto toraks • Rute tidak tepat
LP, CT-scan • Salah diagnosis
• Drug fever
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 • Perlu source control
Hari rawat
PPRA KEMENKES RI, PELATIHAN & BIMTEK PRAUD
Kasus 1
Skor SOFA 4
Apakah perlu antibiotik ?
CXR 9/02/2022
PELATIHAN & BIMTEK PRAUD
Kasus 4
Hari ke-2 terjadi perburukan dan pasien diintubasi. BGA : asidosis respiratorik.
Compliance paru sangat jelek à prone position à P/F ratio membaik à 165
(FiO2 75%)
Hari
Suhuke-3
: 36,1sekret
- 37C purulent, P/F ratio turun à 101 IV Paracetamol 1g/8jam
I 10/2 13/2 15/2 16/2 18/2 19/2
PO NAC 600 mg/ 8 jam (
PO Lycoxy 1 tab/ 24 ja
N WBC(rb) 11.35 9,33 10,04 10.31 16.34
Riwayat
F Neutrofil 86,6 93,6 78,7 8.65 13.6 IV Dexamethason 5mg/24Jam
IV Remdesivir loading 200mg/
Limfosit 9,6 5,4 14,9 0.95 1.13
E NLR 17,3 5,28 10,1 12.03
IV NAC 5gr/24 jam (H3)
PO Vitamin D5000 IU/24Jam (
PO Zinc 50mg/24Jam (H8/14)
K CRP 20,1 9.9 IV Levofloxacin 750 mg/24 jam
IVHari keC -1g/24Jam
Vitamin 3 (H9) (1
Hari ke - 1 Hari ke - 2
Laktat
S Alat invasif :
I
Procalcitonin 1,12 2,19 Apakah
0.48 perlu
CXR 9/02/2022
0.651 antibiotik ? Levofloxacin
Urine catheter (11) 09/2/2
PELATIHAN & BIMTEK PRAUD CVC (H9) 11/2/2022
IL6 Ny. Syamsiyah / 64 th/ 60 kg / 158 cm / BMI 24,03 / RM 12919029
Kasus 4
Hari ke-7 pasien mengalami perbaikan. Ventilator dilakukan weaning.
Suhu
u : 36,1 : 36,1 - 37C
- 37C IV Paracetamol
IV Paracetamol 1g/8jam
1g/8jam (k/p (k/p d
demam)
I 10/2 10/2
13/2 13/2
15/2 15/2
16/2 16/2
18/2 18/2
19/2 19/2
PO NAC 600POmg/
NAC8 600
jam mg/ 8 jam (H10/1
(H10/14)
PO LycoxyPO Lycoxy
1 tab/ 1 tab/ 24 jam
24 jam
N 11.35
C(rb) WBC(rb) 11.35
9,33 9,33
10,04 10,04
10.31 10.31 16.34 16.34
Riwayat Riwayat
F Neutrofil
utrofil 86,6 86,6
93,6 93,6
78,7 78,7
8.65 8.65 13.6 13.6 IV Dexamethason
IV Dexamethason 5mg/24Jam (H3)
IV RemdesivirIVloading
Remdesivir
5mg/24Jam (H3)
loading
200mg/24 jam200mg/24
(H2) jam (
9,6
mfosit Limfosit 9,6
5,4 5,4
14,9 14,9
0.95 0.95 1.13 1.13
NLR
E NLR 17,3 17,3
5,28 5,28
10,1 10,1 12.03 12.03
IV NAC 5gr/24IVjam
NAC(H3)
5gr/24 jam (H3)
PO Vitamin
PO Vitamin D5000 D5000
IU/24Jam (H8)IU/24Jam (H8)
PO Zinc 50mg/24Jam
PO Zinc 50mg/24Jam (H8/14) (H8/14)
K CRP20,1
RP 20,1 9.9 9.9 IV 750
IV Levofloxacin Levofloxacin
mg/24 jam
IV Vitamin(H9)
IV Vitamin C 1g/24Jam
750 mg/24
(H5)
C 1g/24Jam
jam (H5) (1
(16/2/22)
(16/2/22)(H9) (16/2/22)
Laktat
S
ktat
Alat invasifAlat
: invasif :
Procalcitonin
lcitonin 1,12 2,19
1,12 2,19 0.48 0.48
0.651 0.651
I CXR 15/02/2022
Urine catheter Urine(11)catheter
CXR 18/02/2022(11) 09/2/2022
09/2/2022
CVC (H9) 11/2/2022
CVC (H9) 11/2/2022
L6 IL6 PDT PDT (H2) 18/2/2022
(H2) 18/2/2022
Ny. Syamsiyah / 64 th/ 60 kg / 158 cm / BMI 24,03 / RM 12919029
gG Kapan ABP (H2) 18/2/2022
IgG
SRBD antiSRBD
distop antibiotik ? Hari ke – 5 Levofloksasin stop
ABP (H2) 18/2/2022
antiSRBD Riwayat :
Riwayat : Riwayat :
Apakah perlu antibiotik
55
44 SOFA Score
224 44 4 552 4?5 Wait
5 and see…
ABP (H10) 09/02/2022
ABP (H10) 09/02/2022 ABP (H10) 09/02/2022
PELATIHAN & BIMTEK PRAUD
Take home message…
• Sepsis merupakan manifestasi infeksi paling berat karena
mengakibatkan disfungsi organ
• Lakukan deteksi sepsisi lebih dini dan resusitasi sesegera mungkin
• Pada kasus sepsis/syok septik jangan fokus pada terapi
antibiotik saja !
• Perlu resusitasi yang adekwat
• Berikan antibiotik dengan jenis, dosis, timing, interval, dan rute
yang tepat
• Untuk menghindari resistensi..Jangan menggunakan antibiotik
berkepanjangan pada kasus sepsis yang mengalami perbaikan
PELATIHAN & BIMTEK PRAUD
Terima Kasih
p s i s …
a n s e s i
L a w i s t e n
ri re s
Hi n d a
PELATIHAN & BIMTEK PRAUD