Ex-15.

1
Q8. Draw a line segment of length 6.8 cm. Now, divide it into four equal parts.
Solution:
Step I: Draw a line segment AB = 6.8 cm

Step II : With centre A and B and radius more than half of AB, draw two arcs
which meet each other at D and E.
Step III : Join D and E which meets AB at C which is the midpoint of AB
Step IV : With centre A and C and radius more than half of AC, draw two arcs
which meet each other at F and G.
Step V: Join F and G which meets AC at H which is the midpoint of AC.
Step VI : With centre C and B and radius more than half of CB, draw two arcs
which meet each other at J and K.
Step VII : Join J and K which meets CB at L which is the midpoint of CB.
Thus, on measuring, we find
AH = HC = CL = LB= cm.
Q9. Draw a circle of radius 3.6cm.Take any three points A, B &C on it. Join AB
and BC. Draw perpendicular bisectors of AB and BC. Where do the bisectors
meet?
Solution:
Step 1: Draw a circle of radius 4 cm with center O.
Step 2: Draw any two chords that meet the circle at point PQ and XY

Step 3: Taking P and Q as the center, mark arcs that intersect each other at
points A and B.

Step 4: Join AB to construct a perpendicular bisector of the chord PQ.

Step 5:Taking X and Y as the center, mark arcs that intersect each other at
points C and D.

Step 6: Join CD to construct a perpendicular bisector of XY.

Thus, we see that the two perpendicular bisectors AB and DC of the chords PQ
and XY respectively meet at the center O.

Q10 will be done in class

Ex-15.2
Q3. Angle of 30°

Step I: Draw a line segment AB

Step II : With centre B and proper radius draw an arc.
Step III : With centre D and radius of the- same length mark a point E on the
former arc.
Step IV : Join B to E and product to C. Thus ∠ABC is the required angle of
measure 60°.
(b) Step I: Draw ∠ABC = 60° as we have done in section (a).
Step II: Draw BF as the bisector of ∠ABC.

Thus ∠ABF = 30°.

 Q4. (a) Draw angles 45°
Solution:
Step 1: Draw a horizontal ray BD (as shown in the figure below).
Step 2: Take any suitable width on the compass which is generally more
than half of BD and draw an arc by keeping the compass tip at point B,
which will intersect BD at point C.
Step 3: Without changing the width of the compass, place the compass tip at
point C and cut the arc drawn in step 2. Name that point as P.
Step 4: Keep the compass tip at point P (without any change in the width of
the compass), and cut the arc drawn in step 2. Name that point as Q.
Step 5: By keeping the compass tip at P, draw an arc between P and Q
which will lie above point B. Intersect this arc by another arc drawn from
point Q. Name this point as A.
Step 6: Join B to A. This will be a 90-degree angle. Now we just have to
draw an angle bisector of the 90-degree angle to get a 45-degree angle. Place
the compass tip at point C and draw an arc anywhere inside the angle ABD.
Step 7: Now place the compass tip at point A and cut the arc drawn in step
6. Mark that point as E. Join B to E. Angle EBD is the required angle of 45
degrees.

This is how we can construct an angle of 45 degrees with a compass and a ruler.

Q4. (b) 75°

Step I : Draw a line segment PQ
Step II : With centre Q and suitable radius, draw an arc to cut PQ at R.
Step III : With centre R and radius of the same length, mark S and T on the
former arc.
Step IV : With centres S and T and with the same radius, draw two arcs which
meet each other at U.
Step V: Join QU such that ∠PQU = 90°.
Step VI : With centres S and W, draw two arcs of the same radius which meet
each other at Q.
Step VII: Join Q and O such that ∠PQO = 75°.
Q4 © 105°

Step of Construction:

(i) Take any ray OA.

(ii) With O as centre and any convenient radius, draw an arc cutting OA at B.

(iii) With B as centre and the same radius, draw an cutting the first arc at C.

(iv)With C as centre and the same radius, cut off an arc cutting again the first
arc at D.
(v) With C and D as centre and radius of more than half of CD, draw two arcs
cutting each other at E, join OE.

After making 90° angle take L and N as centre and draw two arcs cutting each
other at S.

(vi) Join SO. Then, ∠SOA = 105°.

Q5. Construct an Angle of 135° and draw its line of symmetry.

Steps of construction:

(i) With the help of a protractor construct a ∠POQ of 135° on a line l

(ii) Draw an arc by taking O as center. Let this arc intersect both the line
segment of angle 135° at points A and B, respectively.

(iii) Consider A and B as centers and draw arcs of radius more than 1/2 line AB
in the interior at an angle of 135°. These arcs intersect each other at C.

(iv) Join points OC with a line.

Hence, OC is the required bisector of 135° angle.