CHAPTER 5 - HEMOFLAGELLATES

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This is the only hemoflagellate morphologic form that does not
have an external flagellum.
A. Trypomastigote
B
B. Amastigote
C. Promastigote
D. Epimastigote
Hemoflagellates are typically found in stool samples.
A. True B
B. False
The symptoms of hemoflagellate infections range from minor,
such as irritation at the infection site, to serious (comatose state
and death). A
A. True
B. False
Of the following laboratory diagnostic methods, which is the most
commonly used for the recovery of members of the L. braziliensis
complex?
A. Schizodeme analysis C
B. Culture of infected material
C. Identifying amastigotes in infected material
D. Zymodeme analysis
The organism causing chiclero ulcer is most likely found in:
A. Texas
B. South American rainforest region B
C. Nova Scotia
D. Egypt
Which of the following is not an acceptable treatment for muco-
cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. braziliense?
A. Amoxicillin
A
B. Pentosam
C. Ambisome
D. Fungizone
A common name for disease caused by L. donovani is:
A. Visceral leishmaniasis
B. Kala-azar D
C. Dum dum fever
D. All of the above
The vector responsible for the transmission of L. donovani is:
A. Lutzomyia sandfly
B. Phlebotomus sandfly D
C. Psychodopygus sandfly
D. None of the above
Which of the following items does not describe kalaazar?
A. Commonly found in Iraq
B. Transmitted by the Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia sandfly
species C
C. Is not transmitted by blood transfusion
D. Can be serologically determined by ELISA, IFA, and DAT meth-
ods
The specimen of choice for the recovery of L. mexicana complex
members is:
A. CSF
C
B. Stool
C. Lesion biopsy material
D. Duodenal contents

Which of the following is not a reservoir host for L. mexicana

complex? D
A. Squirrels
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B. Chipmunks
C. Rats
D. Snakes
Which of the following best describe disease caused by the L.
mexicana complex?
A. Can disseminate into a diffuse cutaneous form
C
B. Appears around the ears in approximately 40% of patients
C. Both A and B are correct.
D. None of the above
All the following are geographic regions in which the members of
the L. tropica complex can be found except:
A. Brazil
A
B. Uzbekistan
C. Iran
D. Syria
The specimen of choice for the recovery of L. tropica complex
members is:
A. CSF
B
B. Fluid underneath the ulcer bed
C. Blood
D. Tissue biopsy
The most common morphologic form seen in samples positive for
L. tropica complex members is:
A. Trypomastigote
D
B. Promastigote
C. Epimastigote
D. Amastigote
Of the following, which tests are considered diagnostic for try-
panosomiasis?
A. Giemsa-stained blood slides revealing the trypomastigote
B. Giemsa-stained blood slides revealing the amastigote D
C. Increased serum and CSF IgM levels
D. Both A and C are correct.
E. All of the above
There are no known animal reservoir hosts for T.b. gambiense.
A. True A
B. False
The enlargement of cervical lymph nodes in reference to try-
panosomal disease caused by T.b. gambiense is referred to as:
A. Chancre
C
B. Kerandel's sign
C. Winterbottom's sign
D. Somnolence
The diagnostic stage of T.b. rhodesiense is the:
A. Trypomastigote
B. Epimastigote A
C. Promastigote
D. Amastigote
Which of the following trypanosomal parasites that causes sleep-
ing sicknesses is the more aggressive form?
A. Trypanosoma brucei gambiense
B
B. Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense
C. Trypanosoma cruzi
D. Trypanosoma rangeli

What complicates the prevention and control efforts for T.b. rhode-
siense?
D
A. Vast species of reservoir hosts
B. Breeding occurs wherever brush is abundant

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C. Both A and B
D. None of the above
The specimen of choice for the detection of T. cruzi is:
A. Stool
B. Blood B
C. Tissue
D. Ulcer
Which of the following is the vector first identified as responsible
for transmitting T. cruzi?
A. Phlebotomus spp.
C
B. Lutzomyia spp.
C. Panstrongylus megistus
D. Glossina spp.
Which of the following is not a characteristic finding in Chagas'
disease?
A. Romaña's sign
D
B. Megacolon
C. Cardiomegaly
D. Somnolence
The diagnostic testing methods for T. rangeli are the same as
those for identifying and confirming and infection with T. cruzi.
A
A. True
B. False
The phrase that best describes the infection associated with T.
rangeli is that it:
A. Mimics that of individuals infected with T. cruzi
C
B. Causes South American sleeping sickness
C. Is considered a benign infection
D. Produces Winterbottom's sign
Which of the following is not a prevention and control measure for
T. rangeli?
A. Use of DDT to control reduviid bug populations
C
B. Better housing construction
C. Removing overgrown vegetation
D. Educational programs in endemic areas
The inability to mount an adequate immune response
A. Somnolence
B. Uta
D
C. Kerandel's sign
D. Anergic
E. Chancre
Delayed sensation to pain
A. Somnolence
B. Uta
C
C. Kerandel's sign
D. Anergic
E. Chancre
Inflammation and painful ulceration at the insect bite site
A. Somnolence
B. Uta
E
C. Kerandel's sign
D. Anergic
E. Chancre
Excessive sleepiness
A. Somnolence
B. Uta
A
C. Kerandel's sign
D. Anergic
E. Chancre
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Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in the Peruvian Andes
A. Somnolence
B. Uta
B
C. Kerandel's sign
D. Anergic
E. Chancre
The diagnostic stage for Trypanosoma spp. is the:
A. Amastigote
B. Epimastigote C
C. Trypomastigote
D. Promastigote
American trypanosomiasis is commonly referred to as:
A. Cruzon's syndrome
B. Chiclero ulcer D
C. Bay sore
D. Chagas' disease
Which of the following organisms is the causative agent of Bagh-
dad boils?
A. Leishmania donovani
B. Trypanosoma brucei gambiense E
C. Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense
D. Trypanosoma cruzi
E. Leishmania tropica
Which of the following organisms is the causative agent of West
African sleeping sickness?
A. Leishmania donovani
B. Trypanosoma brucei gambiense B
C. Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense
D. Trypanosoma cruzi
E. Leishmania tropica
Which of the following best describes the geographic region in
which Trypanosoma rangeli is found?
A. Near East
B
B. South and Central America
C. Middle East
D. Southeastern United States
The vector responsible for the transmission of chiclero ulcer is:
A. Lutzomyia and Psychodopygus sandflies
B. Phlebotomus and Psychodopygus sandflies A
C. Glossina spp.
D. Lutzomyia and Phlebotomus sandflies
Choose the best description of zymodeme analysis:
A. Nuclear DNA hybridization
B. Restriction analysis of the kinetoplast DNA C
C. Analysis of the isoenzyme patterns of an organism
D. None of the above
Winterbottom's sign is associated with which of the following
hemoflagellates?
A. Leishmania donovani
B. Trypanosoma brucei gambiense B
C. Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense
D. Trypanosoma cruzi
E. Leishmania tropica

The reduviid bug is the vector for transmitting which of the follow-
ing parasites?
A. Leishmania donovani D
B. Trypanosoma brucei gambiense
C. Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense

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D. Trypanosoma cruzi
E. Leishmania tropica
Which of the following organisms causes the less aggressive form
of sleeping sickness?
A. Trypanosoma brucei gambiense
A
B. Trypanosoma cruzi
C. Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense
D. Trypanosoma rangeli

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