高考英语备考逆袭班

Lesson 5 句法必备：状语从句
Section 1 状语和状语从句
Section 2 主将从现规则

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高考英语备考逆袭班

Grammar

Section 1 状语和状语从句

小目标

1. 理解状语和从句的概念，能够准确判断主句和从句；
2. 记忆状语从句的分类。

知识精华

1. 状语是一种修饰动词，形容词，副词或全句的词，用来说明动作发生的时间，地点，
原因、方式等，或是对整个句子进行解释说明等。
状语成分可以由副词、介词 ( 短语 )、不定式、分词 ( 短语 ) 以及从句等来充当。

● 副词作状语
Unfortunately, I was caught in the rain last night.
● 介词短语作状语
The best fish swim near the bottom.
● 不定式作状语
We are working hard to make our life better.
● 分词作状语
Given better attention, the trees can grow well.
She sat there doing nothing.
● 从句作状语
If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you.

2. 若用一个句子来充当状语，此句子就叫状语从句。状语从句有九种，分别表时间，
地点，条件，原因，结果，方式，目的，让步，比较，根据主从句间的逻辑关系来
确定从句为何种状语从句。
注意：主从句结构为：“ 主句 + 连词 + 从句 ”/ “ 连词 + 从句 , + 主句 ”；

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 高考英语备考逆袭班

当从句在前时，主从句间常用逗号隔开；连词永远在从句句首，即从句跟着连词跑。
When I got home, my family were already having dinner.
My family were already having dinner when I got home.

经典例句
1. When they were still talking and laughing, the teacher came in. ( 时间状语从句 )
2. I found my books where I had left them. ( 地点状语从句 )
3. If you ask him, he will help you. ( 条件状语从句 )
4. As it is raining, you had better take your umbrella with you. ( 原因状语从句 )
5. They watched her closely just as a cat watches a rat. ( 方式状语从句 )
6. Cold as it is, the children play outdoors. ( 让步状语从句 )
7. They sent the book by air so that it might reach us in good time. ( 目的状语从句 )
8. Our country is as big as the whole of Europe( 欧洲 ). ( 比较状语从句 )
9. There were so many people in the room that we could not get in. ( 结果状语从句 )

强化练习

在下面句子的从句部分划线，并写出是哪一种状语从句。
示范：Read it aloud so that the class can hear you. ( 目的 )
1. My stomach( 胃 ) hurts because I have eaten too many apples.
2. She was so tired that she could not move an inch.
3. She listened carefully so that she might learn well.
4. They will go tomorrow if it doesn’t rain.
5. Although he said he wasn’t hungry, he ate the big breakfast.
6. I was reading a novel when my mom came in.
7. He made so inspiring( 鼓舞人心的 ) a speech that everybody got excited.
8. As long as you love me, I will do everything for you.
9. She got up early last Monday so that she could see the sunrise.
10. When you read the book, you'd better make a mark where you have any questions.

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高考英语备考逆袭班

Section 2 主将从现规则

小目标

1. 理解什么是主将从现规则，以及规则适用的范围；
2. 能根据主将从现规则写出时态正确的句子。

知识精华

1. 主将从现是指在某些状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时，从句用现在时替代一般
将来时。主将从现主要应用在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中。
● 时间状语从句 ( 常用连接词有 when，while，as soon as，until，before 等。)
I will write to you as soon as I settle down in London.
● 条件状语从句 ( 常用连接词为 if， unless 等。)
We will go boating together tomorrow if you have finished your homework.

2. 主将从现的扩展
● 主句：谓语不仅可以是将来时，还可以含有情态动词，或者主句是祈使句。
I will ring you up as soon as I get any information about him.
Tell him the news when you see him tomorrow.
You should be quiet when you are in the reading room.
● 从句：不仅可以是一般现在时，还可以是现在进行时，现在完成时。
You can go with us tomorrow if you have finished your task.
Don’t wake him up if he is sleeping.
3. 注意事项
● if ( 如果 )+ 条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则；
if( 是否 )+ 宾语从句，遵循主现从不限原则 ( 根据实际需要确定时态 )。
I don’t know if he will come tomorrow, but if he really comes, I will have a talk with him.
● when( 当 … 时 )+ 时间状语从句，遵循主将从现原则；
when( 什么时候 )+ 宾语从句，遵循主现从不限原则 ( 根据实际需要确定 )。
When I see the monitor tomorrow, I will ask him when the class meeting will begin.

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 高考英语备考逆袭班

强化练习

用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. I ______(write)to you as soon as I settle down in London
2. ______ (turn off) the light when you ______ (leave) the room.
3. You ______ (be) much busier next week because there ______ (be) more customers.
4. Unless the problem ______ (solve), they ______ (not leave)
5. This child ______ (not go to sleep) until his mother ______ (tell) him a story.

本课成果检验

在下面句子的从句部分划线，并写出是哪一种状语从句。
1. Because I had to go to an important meeting, I didn't join them yesterday evening.
2. The teacher raised his voice so that the students in the back could hear more clearly.
3. He did the work as he was told.
4. Although he’s in his nineties, my grandfather still plays tennis now and then.
5. I have made a lot more mistakes than you have.

用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. As soon as the rain ______ (stop), we ______ (set off) for the station.
2. You ______ (let) them down if you ______ (fail) in the exam.
3. When the manager ______ (come) here for a visit next week, I ______ (talk) with him
about this.
4. We ______ (plant) trees tomorrow, and I don’t know if Tom ______ (join) us.
5. Unless you ______ (be) fully devoted to your work, you ______ (not gain) success.

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高考英语备考逆袭班

课后作业

在下面句子的从句部分划线，并写出是哪一种状语从句。
1. I really enjoy listening to music because it helps me relax and takes my mind away from
other cares of the day.
2. It is over 30 years since he joined the Party.
3. If everyone try their best to protect the environment, the world will become much more
beautiful.
4. He was about to go out when the telephone rang.
5. You’d better not leave the medicine where kids can get it.

用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. You ______ (fail) to arrive there in time unless you ______ (start) earlier.
2. As soon as he ______ (finish) his maths exercise, he ______ (lend) you this calculator.
3. If he ______ (forget) to bring his key, he ______ (be able to) get into the room.
4. When I ______ (see) the monitor tomorrow, I ______ (ask) him when the class meeting
will begin.
5. You ______ (borrow) the book when I ______ (finish) reading it.

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