Independent University, Bangladesh

Department of Pharmacy

Course Code: PHA406L

COSMETOLOGY

1
CONTENTS

Experiment-1: Preparation of cold cream (w/o emulsion).

Experiment-2: Preparation of vanishing cream (o/w emulsion).

Experiment-3: Preparation of mouthwash.

Experiment-4: Preparation of hair setting lotion.

Experiment-5: Preparation of toothpaste.

Experiment-6: Preparation of Shampoo.

Experiment-7: Preparation of Lather shaving cream (w/o emulsion).

Experiment-8: Preparation of aftershave lotion

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 Course code: PHA406L
Course title: Cosmetology lab

Experiment no: 01 Date:

Experiment Name: Preparation of cold cream (w/o emulsion). Page no.:

Principle:
A cream is a topical preparation usually for application to the skin. Creams for application
to mucus membranes such as those of the body cavities are also used. Creams are semisolid
dosage forms containing one or more drug substances dissolved or dispersed in a suitable base.
This term has traditionally been applied to semisolids that possess a relatively fluid consistency
formulated as either water-in-oil (e.g., Cold Cream) or oil-in-water (e.g. Fluocoinolone Acetonide
Cream) emulsions. However, more recently the term has been restricted to products consisting of
oil-in- water emulsions or aqueous microcrystalline dispersions of long-chain fatty acids or
alcohols that are water washable and more cosmetically and aesthetically acceptable. Creams can
be used for administering drugs via the vaginal route (e.g., Triple Sulfa Vaginal Cream). Creams
are used to help sun burns.
C omposition: There are four main ingredients of the cold cream --
1: Water
2: Oil
3: Emulsifier
4: Thickening agent.

T ypes:
 Oil-in-Water (O/W); composed of small droplets of oil dispersed in a continuous aqueous
phase
 Water-in-Oil (W/O); composed of small droplets of water dispersed in a continuous oily
phase.
Oil-in-water creams are more comfortable and cosmetically acceptable as they are less greasy and
more easily washed off using water. Water-in-oil creams are more difficult to handle but
many drugs which are incorporated into creams are hydrophobic and will be released more readily
from a water-in-oil cream than an oil-in-water cream. Water-in-oil creams are also more
moisturizing as they provide an oily barrier which reduces water loss from the stratum corneum,
the outermost layer of the skin.

U ses:
 The provision of a barrier to protect the skin.
 This may be a physical barrier or a chemical barrier as with sunscreens.
 To aid in the retention of moisture (especially water-in-oil creams).
 Cleansing.
 Emollient effects.
 As a vehicle for drug substances such as local anaesthetics, anti-
inflammatories (NSAIDs or corticosteroids), hormones, antibiotics, antifungals or counter-
irritants.

Cold cream is an emulsion of fats and water which can be used to clean and soften the skin.
Traditionally, cold cream has been used to remove makeup gently at the end of the day, and it can
also be used to soften tough skin on the knees and elbows, or to keep skin protected from harsh

3
winter weather. Cold creams are w/o emulsions containing long chain fatty acids as the continuous
oily phase; which when spread over the skin prevents evaporation of moisture from skin.

A pparatus:

 Weighing machine.
 Beakers (50ml).
 Glass rod.
 Hot water bath.
 Measuring cylinder (50ml).
F ormulation (for 50ml) A P urpose
mount
 Beeswax 12.5gm emulsifier
 Borax 0.05gm
 Liq. Paraffin 28ml oil phase
 Glycerin 2.5ml humectants
 Purified water 7ml aqueous phase
 Methyl paraben( M.P) 0.1gm preservatives
 Propyl paraben(P.P) 0.01gm
 Flavor flavoring agent

P rocedures:

Beeswax & liq. paraffin was melted in a cleaned beaker at 75 0C in a hot water bath

In another beaker, borax was dissolved in water to which glycerin + M.P + P.P was added with
stirring & also heated at the above temperature in water bath

When the given heat was attained & all the ingredients was melted, the content of 2 nd beaker was
poured into the first beaker (oil phase) with constant stirring

The final resultant beaker was allowed to cool without stirring, after adding flavor

Cold cream was prepared

Filling& sealing

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 L abeling:

Uses: Use it externally. Gently massage the cold FOR EXTERNAL USE ONLY.
cream on your skin twice a day. Mg Lic. No: N-MNB/16/175& N-MB/16/176

Ingredients: Beeswax (12.5gm Batch No. 1

Emulsifier), Borax (0.05gm), Liq. Paraffin (28ml Mg Date: 2 November 2023
oil phase), Glycerin (2.5ml humectants), Purified
water (7ml aqueous phase), Methyl paraben (M.P) Exp. Date: 5 August 2025

0.1 gm, Propyl paraben (P.P) 0.01gm. MRP. (inclusive of all taxes): 125 TK
(Preservatives), Flavor (flavoring agent).

Storage:
keep it in a cool place.
It should not be permitted to freeze.

Made in INDIA.
Manufactured by: L.B.C.P. Pvt Ltd, L.B.C.P., UNIT-II,
HARIDWAR 249 403, UTTARAKHAN.

5
P recautions:

 All the equipments were cleaned properly.

 All the ingredients were weighed accurately.
 The temperature was maintained as specified.
 The order of addition of ingredients was followed properly.
 Phase mixing was done according to emulsion type.

6
Experiment no: 02 Date:
Experiment Name: Page No.:
Preparation of vanishing cream (o/w emulsion).

P rinciple:
A cream is a topical preparation usually for application to the skin. Creams for application
to mucus membranes such as those of the body cavities are also used. Creams are semisolid
dosage forms containing one or more drug substances dissolved or dispersed in a suitable base.
This term has traditionally been applied to semisolids that possess a relatively fluid consistency
formulated as either water-in-oil (e.g., Cold Cream) or oil-in-water (e.g., Fluocinolone Acetonide
Cream) emulsions. However, more recently the term has been restricted to products consisting of
oil-in- water emulsions or aqueous microcrystalline dispersions of long-chain fatty acids or
alcohols that are water washable and more cosmetically and aesthetically acceptable. Creams can
be used for administering drugs via the vaginal route (e.g., Triple Sulfa Vaginal Cream). Creams
are used to help sun burns.
C omposition: There are four main ingredients of the vanishing cream --
1: Water
2: Oil
3: Emulsifier
4: Thickening agent.

T ypes:
 Oil-in-water (O/W); composed of small droplets of oil dispersed in a continuous aqueous
phase
 Water-in-oil (W/O); composed of small droplets of water dispersed in a continuous oily
phase.
Oil-in-water creams are more comfortable and cosmetically acceptable as they are less greasy and
more easily washed off using water. Water-in-oil creams are more difficult to handle but
many drugs which are incorporated into creams are hydrophobic and will be released more readily
from a water-in-oil cream than an oil-in-water cream. Water-in-oil creams are also more
moisturizing as they provide an oily barrier which reduces water loss from the stratum corneum,
the outermost layer of the skin.
U ses:
 The provision of a barrier to protect the skin
 This may be a physical barrier or a chemical barrier as with sunscreens
 To aid in the retention of moisture (especially water-in-oil creams)
 Cleansing
 Emollient effects
 As a vehicle for drug substances such as local anaesthetics, anti-
inflammatories (NSAIDs or corticosteroids), hormones, antibiotics, antifungals or counter-
irritants.
Vanishing creams get their name from the fact that they seemed to disappear when spread onto the
skin. Vanishing creams can also be called stearate creams. Chemically they are an oil-in-water
emulsion consisting of a stearic acid, an alkali, a polyol and water. The alkali forms soap with
some of the stearic acid thereby producing an emulsion. The polyol (e.g. glycerin) makes the
cream more spreadable as well as acting as humectants to help prevent it from drying out and
cracking during storage in its container. Packaging in an airtight tube or jar was also important in
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maintaining the water content of the cream. The product was noted for the pearly sheen produced
by the stearic acid and its smooth, dry, feel on the skin.
Some early forms used carbonates or bicarbonates as the alkali. These release carbon dioxide
during the production process resulting in a foamy consistency. Some of the carbon dioxide will
quickly escape but small bubbles will remain and in time will rise to the top of the mixture causing
the cream to sink. Using hydroxides as the alkali avoided this problem and potassium hydroxide
became a favorite of many formulations.

A pparatus:

 Weighing machine
 Beakers(100ml)
 Glass rod
 Hot water bath
 Measuring cylinder(100ml)

F ormulations (for Q P urpose

100ml) uantity
 Stearic acid 25gm Oil phase
 Sodium hydroxide 0.5gm Forms soap with SA
 Glycerin 3ml Humectant
 Methyl-paraben sodium (MP) 0.2mg Preservative
 Propyl paraben(PP) 0.02mg
 Borax 1gm Whitening agent
 Purified water 70 (Q.S. to 100ml) Aqueous phase
 Flavoring agent Q.S. Flavoring agent

P rocedures:
Stearic acid was taken in a beaker (1) & melted at 650C in hot water bath (oil phase)

In another beaker (2), NaOH+MP+PP was dissolved in water & heated at 650C in hot water
bath (water phase)

In a separate beaker borax was dissolved in a small qty. of water & then added to the beaker (2)
along with glycerin

Then both the two phases are mixed; since it is o/w emulsion oil phase is mixed in water phase,
the content of beaker(1) is poured in beaker(2) with vigorous stirring

The mixture was then allowed to cooled &flavoring agent was added

Vanishing cream was prepared and finally Filling & sealing.

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 L abeling:

Uses: Use it externally. Gently massage the cold FOR EXTERNAL USE ONLY.
cream on your skin.
Mg Lic. No: N-MNB/16/175& N-MB/16/176
Ingredients: Stearic acid (25gm Oil
phase), Sodium hydroxide (0.5gm Forms soap Batch No. 1
with SA), Glycerin (3ml Humectant), Methyl-
paraben sodium (MP) (0.2mg Preservative), Mg Date: 2 November 2023
Propyl paraben (PP) (0.02mg), Borax (1gm
Whitening agent), Purified water (70 (Q.S. to Exp. Date: 5 August 2025
100ml) Aqueous phase), Flavoring agent.
MRP. (inclusive of all taxes): 125 TK
Storage:
keep it in a cool place.
It should not be permitted to freeze.

Made in INDIA.
Manufactured by: L.B.C.P. Pvt Ltd, L.B.C.P.,
UNIT-II, HARIDWAR 249 403,
UTTARAKHAND.

9
P recaution:

 All the equipments were cleaned properly.

 All the ingredients were weighed accurately.
 The temperature was maintained as specified.
 The order of addition of ingredients was followed properly.
 Phase mixing was done according to emulsion type.

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Experiment no: 03 Date:
Experiment Name: Preparation of mouthwash. Page No.:

P rinciple:

Mouthwash or mouth rinse is a product used to enhance oral hygiene. Some manufacturers of
mouthwash claim that antiseptic and anti-plaque mouth rinse kill the bacterial
plaque causing cavities, gingivitis, and bad breath. Anti-cavity mouth rinse uses fluoride to protect
against tooth decay. It is, however, generally agreed that the use of mouthwash does not eliminate
the need for both brushing and flossing. Mouthwash may also be used to help remove mucus and
food particles deeper down in the throat. Alcoholic and strongly flavored mouthwash may cause
coughing when used for this purpose.
It include thymol, eucalyptol, hexetidine, methyl salicylate, menthol, chlorhexidinegluconate,
benzalkonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride,methylparaben, hydrogen peroxide, domiphen
bromide and sometimes fluoride, enzymes, and calcium as active ingredients. Other ingredients
also include water, sweeteners such as sorbitol, sucralose, sodium saccharin, and xylitol (which
double as a bacterial inhibitor).

F ormulations (for Q P urpose

100ml) uantity
 Phenol 3.6 gm. antiseptic substance
 Sodium hydroxide solution 9.5 gm. enhance activity of phenol
(3.56w/v)
 Conc. Lemon flavored water 2 gm. flavoring agent
 Conc. Rose water 1 gm. deodorizing effect
 Glycerin 12.5gm sweetening & flavoring agent
 Purified water 71.4gm vehicle
 Color Q.S. Imparts color to preparation.

A pparatus:

 Weighing machine
 Beakers(50ml)
 Glass rod
 Measuring cylinder(50ml)
P rocedure:
All the ingredients were mixed in a beaker with constant stirring

L abeling

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Composition: FOR GARGLE USE ONLY.
Phenol 3.6 ml
Sodium hydroxide solution 9.5 ml Mg Lic. No: N-MNB/16/175& N-MB/16/176
(3.56w/v)
Batch No. 1
In a pleasantly mint flavoured base.
Mg Date: 2 November 2023
Colour: Brilliant Blue FCF
Exp. Date: 5 August 2025
Dosage: 10ml twice daily or as directed by the
physician MRP. (inclusive of all taxes): 125 TK

Directions for use:

 Rinse around teeth and gums with about 10ml of

Athfresh Mouthwash and then spit out.
 Do not swallow.
 Listerine Mouthwash is not intended for
ingestion.

Storage:
 Store at a temperature below 25°C. Protect from
direct sunlight.
 Keep the medicine out of reach of children.

Made in Bangladesh by: Listerine Life Sciences

Mauza Rampur Jattan, Nahan Road, Kala Amb, Distt

Sirmour, H.P-173030 (A WHO-GMP CERTIFIED
COMPANY

P recautions:

 Ingredients were weighed carefully.

 Ingredients were added and mixed carefully and well respectively.
 Apparatus were handled carefully.

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Experiment No: 04 Date:
Experiment Name: Preparation of hair setting lotion. Page No.:

P rinciple:
Hair setting lotion can be gum based; resin based or can be purely alcohol based lotions. It is
used to keep hair firm in position.
Gum mucilage based lotions partly have been replaced by resin lotions. These products after
application, dry to form invisible continuous elastic film that keeps the hair firmly positioned.
Products of early stage mainly contained gum mucilage, alcohol and alkali. The alkali rendered
the hair shaft soft to help in setting. Alcohol is used to help in quick drying. Castor oil and
mineral oil are incorporated as plasticizer to make the film elastic. Glycerol as humectant helps
the not to become too dry or brittle.
Presently synthetic polymers or resins are also used and polyvinyl pyrrolidine, polyvinyl alcohol,
polyethylene glycols, dimethyl hydantoin formaldehyde, resins are good fixers. Polyethylene
glycol or its monofatty acid esters are also incorporated to import lustier and hold hair in place.

F ormulations (for 100ml) Q uantity P urpose

 Acacia 2gm Hair fixer
 Alcohol 10 ml Quick drying of preparation
 Glycerin 5ml Humectants
 Water 83ml Solvent
 Perfume Q.S. Imparts fragrance
 Methyl paraban. Q.S Inhibits growth of microorganism
 Color Q.S. Imparts color

A pparatus:
 Weighing machine;
 Mortar & pestle;
 Beakers(100ml);
 Glass rod;
 Measuring cylinder (100ml).

P
rocedure: Acacia was triturated with glycerin

It was then diluted with alcohol and continuous stirring

Preservative was then dissolved in water and added to above mixture

Finally, color and perfume were added to obtain hair setting lotion.

13
L abeling:

P recautions:
 All the equipment was cleaned properly.
 All the ingredients were weighed accurately.
 The order of addition of ingredients was followed properly.

14
Experiment No: 05 Date:
Experiment Name: Preparation of toothpaste. Page No.:

P rinciple:
Toothpaste is a paste or gel dentifrice used with a toothbrush as an accessory to clean and maintain
the aesthetics and health of teeth. Toothpaste is used to promote oral hygiene: it serves as an
abrasive that aids in removing the dental plaque and food from the teeth, assists in suppressing
halitosis, and delivers active ingredients such as fluoride or xylitol to help prevent tooth and gum
disease (gingivitis).
Toothpaste contains several ingredients to fulfill various functions. Ingredients of toothpaste can
be classified as follows:
 Abrasives & polishing materials
 Detergents & foaming materials
 Humectants
 Binding agents
 Sweetening agents
 Flavors
 Preservatives
 Miscellaneous or special ingredients such as therapeutic agents, whitening agents, etc.

A pparatus:

 Weighing machine;
 Mortar & pestle;
 Beakers(100ml);
 Glass rod;
 Hot water bath;
 Measuring cylinder (100ml).
F ormulations (for 100ml) Q P urpose
uantity.
 CMC 1gm binding agent
 Glycerin 30ml humectant
 CaCO3 50gm abrasive
 Saccharine 0.2gm sweetening agent
 Peppermint oil 1.5ml flavor
 Na lauryl sulfate 2gm surfactant
 Na benzoate 0.5gm preservative
 Color Q.S. coloring agent
 Purified water Q.S. upto 100ml vehicle

15
 P
rocedures: CMC in placed in a beaker

Glycerin was added with vigorous stirring

Smooth gel was formed

CaCO3 + saccharine + Na lauryl sulfate + Na benzoate + peppermint oil + color was

added to it

The final volume was made to 100ml

Toothpaste prepared

Filling & sealing.

L abeling:

Drug Facts: Mg Lic. No: N-MNB/16/175&

N-MB/16/176
Purpose Anti-dandruff
Batch No. 1
Ingredients:
Mg Date: 2 November 2023
Sodium lauryl sulfate (surfactant),
Stearic acid (surfactant), Purified Exp. Date: 5 August 2025
water (Vehicle), Sodium hydroxide
MRP. (inclusive of all taxes): 199 TK
(NaOH) (increase solubility of
sodium), Methyl paraben, Propyl
paraben (preservative), Perfume.

Uses:
Use helps prevent recurrence of
flaking and itching associated with
dandruff

Warnings:
 For external use only
 When using this product do not
get into eyes. If contact occurs,
rinse eyes thoroughly with
water.

16
 Stop use and ask a doctor if
condition worsens or does not
improve after regular use as
directed.
 Keep out of reach of children. If
swallowed get medical help or
contact a Poison Control Center
right away.

Directions:
 Shake well
 For maximum dandruff control,
use every time you shampoo
 Wet hair, massage onto scalp,
rinse, repeat if desired for best
results use at least twice a week
or as directed by a doctor.

Distribute by: DZA BRANDS,

LLC 2110 Executive Drive,
Salisbury, NC 28147 1-866-322-
2439.

P recautions:

 All the equipment was cleaned properly.

 All the ingredients were weighed accurately.
 The temperature was maintained as specified.
 The order of addition of ingredients was followed properly.

17
 Experiment No: 06 Date:
Experiment Name: Preparation of Shampoo. Page No.:

P rinciple:
Shampoo is a hair care product used for the removal of o ils, dirt, skin particles, d andruff,
environmental pollutants and other contaminant particles that gradually build up in h air. The goal
is to remove the unwanted build-up without stripping out so much s ebum as to make hair
unmanageable.
A good shampoo should almost immediately form abundant foam irrespective of the type of water
used or the nature of soil or fat to be removed from hair. Shampoos have side effects like drying
effect on hair. This leaves the hair too dry to handle or comb. So, proper conditioning of the hair
is also important. Some shampoo causes irritation to the eye & a lasting corneal cloud.

F ormulations (for Q P urpose

100ml) uantity.
 Sodium lauryl sulfate 25gm surfactant
 Stearic acid 7gm surfactant
 Sodium hydroxide(NaOH) 1gm increase solubility of sodium
lauryl sulfate vehicle
 Purified water 65ml

 Methyl paraben 0.2gm preservative

 Propyl paraben 0.02gm
 Perfume Q.S.
A
pparatus:  Mortar & Pestle;
 Measuring Cylinder;
 Beaker;
 Bottle;
 Electronic Balance.

P rocedures:

A. NaOH was dissolved in a small amount of water & heated at 650C

B. Sodium lauryl sulfate along with stearic acid were taken in another beaker & heated at
650C

The content of beaker B was added into the beaker A with constant stirring

The mixture was then allowed to cool for some time & then & perfume were added

Shampoo prepared.

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L abeling:

P
recautions:  All the apparatus was washed & dried before use.
 All ingredients was weighted carefully and added to preparation.
 Trituration was done in one way direction.
 Preparation was kept in cool and dry place.

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Experiment No: 07 Date:
Experiment Name: Page No.:
Preparation of Lather shaving cream (w/o emulsion).

P rinciple:
Shavingcream is a substance that is applied to the face or wherever else hair grows, to provide
lubrication and avoid razor burn during shaving. Shaving cream is often bought in a spray can, but
can also be purchased in tubs or tubes.Shaving cream in a can is commonly dispensed as foam or
a gel. Creams that are in tubes or tubs are commonly used with a shaving brush to produce a rich
lather (most often used in wet shaving).
The cream itself commonly consists of a mixture of oil, soaps, surfactants, and water or alcohol,
manufactured under carefully controlled conditions to ensure proper pH and consistency.

A pparatus:

 Weighing machine
 Beakers(100ml)
 Glass rod
 Hot water bath
 Measuring cylinder(100ml)

F ormulation (for 100ml) Quantity P urpose

 Stearic acid 35gm oil phase
 Coconut oil 10ml slippery action to razor
 Glycerin 10ml humectant
 Sodium hydroxide 0.6gm form soap with stearic acid
 Potassium hydroxide 2gm quick lather formation
 Borax 0.6gm whitening agent
 Purified water Q.S. to 100ml(37ml) aqueous phase
 Flavor Q.S. flavoring agent

P rocedures:

A: Stearic acid+coconut oil was melted in a beaker (1) at 650C in a hot water bath

B: In another beaker (2), glycerin+NaOH+KOH+borax was dissolved in water and kept

in hot water bath at 650C

The content of beaker (2) is poured with vigorous stirring in the beaker (1) at the same
temperature maintained

The resultant mixture is allowed to cool down and flavorings agent was added into it

Lather shaving cream was prepared

Filling

Sealed.
20
L abeling:

P recaution:

 All apparatus were washed and dried before use.

 Weighting should be carefully performed.
 Ingredients should separately dissolve in water and finally added to medicament.

21
Experiment No: 08 Date:
Experiment Name: Preparation of aftershave lotion Page No.:

Principle:
An aftershave lotion is clear aqueous ethyl alcohol solution containing a perfume. Actually the
shaving lotion contains (40-60%) a1cohol and antiseptic, emollient, astringent and perfume. The
desired balance of mild astringency and coolness is achieved by controlling the ratio of alcohol
and water.

Apparatus:

• Measuring cylinder

• Electronic balance

Function:

1. To cool and refresh the skin

2. To reduce irritation

3. To act as an astringent

4. To neutralize any alkali left on the skin after shaving and remove dryness of mouth

5. To relieve the feeling of tautness and soreness

6. To disinfect and promote healing of skin which may be damaged during the shaving

operation

7. To act as a perfume

Formula:

Name of ingredients Quantity Purpose

IPA 15 ml Base
Ethanol (96%) 20 ml Base
Glycerine (3%) 2.5 ml Humectant : Prevents the product from drying out on
face and in the container
Perfume q.s. Odorant : Increase acceptancy
Menthol 100 mg Cooling agent: Gives cooling effect during shaving
Water q.s. to 50 ml Base

22
 Procedure:

1. IPA, ethanol, and menthol were taken in a 50 ml measuring cylinder and mix well with a glass
rod. Then glycerin was added and mixed continuously and then finally added water up to the
sufficient quantity.

2. The preparation stands for few days to remove the bad odor of IPA.

3. The perfume was then added and mixes well.

L abeling:

FOR EXTERNAL USE ONLY.

Ingredients: IPA (Base), Ethanol (96%) (Base),
Glycerine (3%) (Humectant : Prevents the product Mg Lic. No: N-MNB/16/175& N-MB/16/176
from drying out on face and in the container),
Perfume (Odorant: Increase acceptancy), Menthol Batch No. 1
(Cooling agent: Gives cooling effect during
Mg Date: 2 November 2023
shaving), Water (Base).
Storage: Keep it in a cool place Exp. Date: 5 August 2024

Directions: Splash it on your face and neck. MRP. (inclusive of all taxes): 200 TK
After shaving, after bath or whenever you want to
feel cool and refreshed. Complete your shave with
Old Spice Lather Shaving Cream.
Made in INDIA.
Imported & Marketed by: NIVEA India Pvt.
Ltd., 4th Floor, AGH, Phoenix Market City, Kurla
(W), Mumbai – 400070 RC No: COS052/13.

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