ОКЫЛЫМ БӨЛІМІ / БЛОК ЧТЕНИЕ

Text 1

THE TOWER OF LONDON

The Thames is the main approach to London from the east. 900 years ago William the
Conqueror decided to build a strong fortress to protect the City of London, which he had just
conquered.
The Tower of London was one of the first and most impressive castles built after the
Norman invasion to England in 1066. King William saw that London was a key trading port. He
built this fortress on the south-east corner of the city to protect the approaches, and to impress
the conquered citizens.
The White Tower, built in 1078 was the central keep or inner fortress. This was the
headquarters. In the basement there were dungeons for prisoners. The entrance was above
ground level, so that if the fortress was besieged, the defenders could burn the wooden staircase
and stop access to the upper level. Here there were built a chapel for the King and court,
banqueting rooms, and a chamber for the King's Council to administer justice. Now there is a
superb museum of armory, but it still has the atmosphere of a grim Norman fortress.
Since the time of William I (1027-1087), various Kings have built and extended the Tower
of London, and used it for many purposes. In its 900 years, the Tower has been used as a royal
palace, an observatory, an arsenal, a state prison, a place of execution and a museum. Today
under tight security, the Crown jewels, the finest gems of the nation, are kept here.
The Tower of London is still a royal palace, and it sticks to many old traditions. Every
evening, at 21.40, the "Ceremony of the Keys" takes place. The ceremony has taken place every
evening for centuries without break. The Guard is lined up inside the Tower by the Byword
Tower gate. The Yeoman Warder returns from the outside gates with the keys. He is challenged:
"Halt, who goes there?" and he answers: "The keys". "Whose keys?" And he replies again: "The
Queen's keys". The ceremony symbolizes that the fortress still belongs to the monarch.

1. How did William the Conqueror protect the City of London?

A) Did nothing.
B) Let the troops enter the city.
C) Undertook activities.
D) Built the Tower of London.
E) Used navy.

2. For many years the Tower has been used as ……. .

A) Hotel.
B) Supermarket.
C) Place of execution.
D) Gallery.
E) Sports class.

3. What is the main approach to London from the East?

A) The city.
B) The Crown jewels.
C) The Tower of London.
D) The White Tower.
E) The Thames.

4. What is the Tower of London now?

 A) Royal palace.
B) Prison.
C) Banqueting rooms.
D) Living accommodation.
E) Museum and theatre.

5. When was the White Tower built?

A) In 1087.
B) In 1066.
C) 900 years ago.
D) In 1078.
E) In 1027.

6. Where did King William build the Tower?

A) In the centre of London.
B) In the West end.
C) On the bank of the Thames.
D) On the South-east corner of the city.
E) In the City.

7. What does the "Ceremony of the Keys" symbolize?

A) Hatred.
B) Hope.
C) Love.
D) Protection
E) Tradition.

8. What part of the day does the "Ceremony of the Keys" take place?
A) At midday.
B) At midnight.
C) In the evening.
D) In the morning.
E) In the afternoon.

9. Why did the defenders burn the wooden staircase?

A) To protect the city.
B) To build a new one.
C) To see the city.
D) To change it.
E) To stop access to the upper level.

10. The White Tome never was ... in ancient times.

A) Church.
B) Headquarters.
C) Prison.
D) Chapel.
E) Museum.
 Text 2

COMPUTER CRIME

In many businesses, computers have largely replaced paperwork, because they are fast,
flexible, and do not make mistakes. As one banker said, «Unlike humans, computers never have
a bad day». And they are honest. Many banks advertise that their transaction are «untouched by
human hands» and therefore safe from human temptation. Obviously, computers have no reason
to steal money. But they also have no conscience, and the growing number of computer crimes
shows they can be used to steal.
Computer criminals don't use guns. And even if they are caught, it is hard to punish them
because there are no witnesses and often no evidence. A computer cannot remember who used it;
it simply does what it is told. The head teller at a New York City bank used a computer to steal
more than one and a half million dollars in just four years. No one noticed this theft because he
moved money from one account to another. Each time a customer he had robbed questioned the
balance in his account, the teller claimed a computer error, then replaced the missing money
from someone else's account. This man was caught only because he was a gambler. When the
police broke up an illegal gambling operation, his name was in the records.
Some employees use the computer's power to get revenge on employers they consider unfair.
Recently, a large insurance company fired its computer-tape librarian for reasons that involved
her personal rather than her professional life. She was given thirty days' notice. In those thirty
days, she erased all the company's computerized records.
Most computer criminals have been minor employees. Now police wonder if this is «the tip of
the iceberg». As one official says, «I have a feeling that there is more crime out there than we are
catching. What we are seeing now is all so poorly done. I wonder what the real experts are doing
- the ones who really know how computer works».

11. Why do banks want computers to handle their business?

A) they have much work to do
B) they don't steal money
C) they don't spoil any mood
D) they have many options
E) they have much information

12. Choose the correct answer: Why have computers replaced paperwork?
A) they are fast, modern and comfortable
B) they are flexible, small and nice
C) they are fast, nice and cheap
D) they are fast, flexible and do not make mistakes
E) they are cheap, flexible and comfortable

13. Who were in fact most computer criminals?

A) the real experts
B) officials
C) the sharks of business
D) minor employers
E) security

14. Who used a computer to steal money from one account to another?
A) a gangster
B) the head teller
C) a customer
D) a teller
E) the bank manager

15. Why do you think computer criminals are hard to find?

A) a computer breaks after the theft
B) criminals can hide themselves
C) a computer cannot remember the users
D) computers are programmed to lose their memory
E) a computer doesn't make mistakes

16. What are the advantages of computers for companies?

A) they are honest and never have a bad day
B) they are proud of their work
C) they can entertain
D) they are eat little
E) they are cheap and beautiful

17. How do some employees use the computer's power?

A) to find out password for the game
B) to pass secret information to a rival company in Kazakhstan
C) to get revenge secret
D) to blackmail police
E) to replace money from his account to the account of his friend

18. How much money did the head teller steal?

A) more than two and a half million
B) more than one and a half million
C) more than three and a half million
D) one million
E) more than a half million

19. Who was fired in a large insurance company?

A) a watchman
B) a librarian
C) a dustman
D) a manager
E) a teller

20. How many days' notice was she given?

A) thirty-three days'
B) thirteen days'
C) thirty days'
D) three days'
E) forty days'
 Text З

In the epoch of quickly changing international and home situations it is: quite necessary for
every human being to get up-to-date information. Press (newspapers and periodicals), radio,
television are mass media branches. They are very important as they influence public opinion
and can be a strong force in public life.
There are national and local newspapers in Britain. National newspapers known as dailies, are
designed for most people of the country. Local daily papers are for people in a particular city or
region. Local papers are delivered to people's homes free of charge.
British national papers are of two kinds: the quality papers and the tabloids. The qualities
contain national and international news, the political events (very often written in the editor's
view), financial and sports news, television and radio programs, theatre and cinema show-lists,
and others. The tabloids are no so serious in tone as the qualities. They print stories of human
interest: about common people, about personal lives of famous people such as politicians
sportsmen, cinema stars and others. The most popular newspapers are "The Sun", "The Mirror",
"The Express" and "The Daily Mail". The newspaper which sells more copies than any others is
the "News of the World".
Radio is also very popular among the British. Many people rely on the radio to learn the latest
news. Radio is convenient to listen to while driving a car to and from work in the morning and
the early evening. Later in the evening the British prefer to watch TV programs.
The main television and radio broadcasting organization in Britain is the BBC (British
Broadcasting Corporation) which runs five radio stations (Radio 1, Radio 2, Radio 3, Radio 4,
Radio 5), provides television information services in Britain, operating two national television
channels. The BBC World Service broadcasts in English and about forty other languages of the
world. There are some independent radio and television stations which compete with the BBC A
lot of people listen to local radio and watch local TV that concentrate on local news, traffic
reports and pop music. Some smaller stations are run by students or by hospitals for their
patients.
The first public demonstration of television in Britain was given by Johr Logie Baird, a
Scottish inventor, in 1926. The BBS began the world’s first high- definition TV service in 1936.
The centre of the British newspaper industry is considered Fleet Street in London.
The first wireless radio was invented by Alexander Popov in 1895 in Russia.

21. When and whom by was the first radio invented?

A) The first radio was invented by Alexander Popov in 1895
B) The first radio was invented by John Bell in 1929
C) The first radio was invented by John Logie Baird in 1926
D) The first radio was invented by John Logie Bell in 1939
E) The first radio was invented by Alexey Popov in 1936

22. Who was the inventor of television?

A) John Logie Baird
B) The BBC
C) John Logie Bell
D) John Bell
E) Alexander Popov

23. What information do the tabloids print?

A) They publish economic and financial news
B) The print national news
C) They print international news
D) They print stories of celebrities
 E) They contain political events and sports news
24. What is the BBC?
A) the independent radio station in Britain
B) the radio station in Britain
C) the independent television station in Britain
D) the main television station in Britain
E) the main television and radio broadcasting organization in Britain

25. What kinds of newspapers are there in Britain?

A) press, radio, television
B) dailies and locals
C) financial and political papers
D) regional and the qualities
E) national and local newspapers

26. What is the main topic of the text?

A) Mass media in Britain
B) British national papers
C) Press in Britain
D) Radio invention
E) Invention-television

27. Why is radio said to be convenient to listen to?

A) Because you can waste your time watching TV
B) Because it is getting popular today
C) You can listen and watch it at the same time
D) Because you can drive a car simultaneously
E) Because they are run by students

28. What information do the qualities print?

A) They print only international news for Britain
B) They print only national news for Britain
C) They print serious information in tone
D) They print stories of human interests only
E) They print stories about politicians, sportsmen, TV stars оnly

29. When was the first public demonstration of television in Brita

A) in 1895
B) in 1929
C) in 1926
D) in 1936
E) in 1939

30. Choose a lexically similar word to "up-to-date" in line 2:

A) modern
B) important
C) old
D) interesting
E) changing
 Коды правильных ответов

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

D C E A D D E C E E

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

B D D B C A C B B C

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

A A D E E A D C C A