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Home Asigment 4 - Solved
Home Asigment 4 - Solved
It means that the work done by an electrostatic field in moving a charge from one
point to another depends only on the initial and the final points and is independent of
2. For any charge configuration, equipotential surface through a point is normal to the
4. The potential energy is characteristic of the present state of configuration, and not the
6. The units based on eV are most commonly used in atomic, nuclear and particle
physics.
7. At what position of the dipole potential energy U is taken to be zero and why?
Ans: Potential energy U is taken zero when the dipole moment vector ( ⃗) is
In this case, the work done against the external field E in bringing +q and – q are
equal and opposite and cancel out, i.e., q [V (r1 ) – V (r2 )]=0.
9. In electrolytic conductors, the charge carriers are both positive and negative ions.
10. In the static situation, the free charges have so distributed themselves that the electric
11. Electrostatic field at the surface of a charged conductor must be normal to the surface
at every point.
2
12. There is no net charge at any point inside the conductor, and any excess charge must
13. The interior of a conductor can have no excess charge in the static situation.
14. Electrostatic potential is constant throughout the volume of the conductor and has the
15. Show that the electric field at the surface of a charged conductor is given by:
⃗=
Ans:
By Gauss’s law,
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=
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=
Vectorially,
⃗=
16. Even if the conductor is charged or charges are induced on a neutral conductor by an
external field, all charges reside only on the outer surface of a conductor with cavity.
following figure:
Ans:
(ii) Top right corner: Electric field is normal to the surface of a charge conductor
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and has a value =
(iii) Bottom left corner: Electrostatic potential is constant throughout the volume of
the conductor and has the same value (as inside) on its surface.
(iv) Bottom right corner: Inside the cavity of a conductor, electric field is zero.
Ans: Substances for which induced dipole moment is in the direction of the field and
19. Whether polar or non-polar, a dielectric develops a net dipole moment in the presence
of an external field.
20. The polarised dielectric is equivalent to two charged surfaces with induced surface
21. The total field in the dielectric is, thereby, reduced from the case when no dielectric is
present.
Ans: The capacitance C of a capacitor is defined as the ratio of the maximum charge
Q that can be stored in a capacitor to the applied voltage V across its plates. In other
words, capacitance is the largest amount of charge per volt that can be stored on the
device.
24. For a capacitor to store a large amount of charge without leaking, its capacitance
should be high enough so that the potential difference and hence the electric field do