- a PROPOSED FINAL DRAFT A JOINT CODE OF PRACTICE FOR THE PROCUREMENT, DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF TUNNELS AND ASSOCIATED UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES TN THE UNITED KINGDOM Prepared with the support of; —The Ass The British Tunnelling SocietyContributors to this Code Association of British Insurers Duncan Southcott (Joint-Chairman) Ada Adeyemo Mike Brown Steve Cross Ronan Gellagher Olivier Hautefeui Hugh Philips Hartmut Reiner ‘Mike Spencer Duncan Thomas Tom Wylie British Tunnelling Society ‘Terry Mellors (Joint-Chalrman) Dave Court Anthony Umney Eddie Woods ne Association of British Insurers Engineering Manager, Allianz Global Risks Risk Engineer, Gerling UK Senior Underwriter, Swiss Re Senior Construction Risk Engineering Consultant, Zurich Engineering Underwriter, Allianz AG Construction Underwriting Manager, Scar Underwriting Manager, ERC Frankona ‘Underwriting Manager, Munich Reinsurance Company Construction Underwriting Manager, Zurich Underwriting Manager, Royal and Sun Alliance Construction Underwriting Manager, Gerling UK Principal, Meliors Associates Tunnelling Manager, Nuttall Director, FaberMaunsell Director, Arup mumszremenincsocarr (BTS)on of Bris tsurers mmsaraemincsocery (GIS) al 1. OBJECTIVE OF THE CODE 2. COMPLIANCE WITH THE CODE INTRODUCTION | 4, DERINITIONS AND TERMS USED IN THIS CODE 5. RISK ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 6. CLIENT ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES 7. PROJECT DEVELOPMENT STAGE 8. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT PROCUREMENT STAGE 9. DESIGN } 10. CONSTRUCTION STAGE 1 Seen ree eee eee |_| ENDORSEMENT TO BE ADDED TO INSURANCE CONTRACT ) ARE ICES Appendix 1 References and Further Reading Appendix 2 Definitions and Terms used in this Code Appendix 3 Schedule of Deliverables | Tunneling Page lof 48 hcg Ok Code of PracticeHThe Association of British insurers [BRITISH TUNNELLING SOCIETY @ J csiecrave oF THE cope 1.1. The objective of this Cadeis to promote and secure best practice for the minimisation wy, g and management of risks associated with the design and construction of tunnels, covers, shafts and associated underground structure including the renovation of existing underground structures, efered to hereafter as Tunnel Works. Ttsets out practice for the identification of risks and their allocation between the parties to @ contract and Contract insurers and the management and control of risks through the ) use of Risk Assessments and Risk Registers 1.2, The scope ofthis Coc appites to the project development, design, contract procurement for construction and construction stages of Tunnaf Works in the UK and ‘thelr operation so far as any stipulated maintenance period and the impact of tunns construction on third parties including infrastructure, 1.3. The Cade excludes the opérational performance of tunnels and underground structures other than that included within any stipulated maintenance period under a construction contract. 14. The Codeimplcily embodies — @) the recommendations for and guidance on health and safety practices in British Standard 8S 6164:2001 (Code of practice for safety in tunnelling In the construction industry) and any subsequent revision; b) the requirements of The Construction (Design and Management) Regulations i (2994) and any suasequent revision; ©) statutory duties, responsibilities and requirements of The Health and Safety at Work etc Act (1974) and any subsequent revision; “Thi Bratt 1 J Tunfeling Code of PracticeJ 15. Ls 2a. 22. fas) anna raveconcsoomry (BIS) d) statutory duties, responsibilities and requirements of The Construction Health, Safety and Welfare Regulations (1996) and any subsequent revision; €) Statutory duties, responsibilities and requirements of the Management of He: and Safety Regulations 1999; #) all other statutory duties, responsibilities and requirements relevant to a particular project; g) all other appropriate British and European Standards relevant to @ particular project h) minimum standards of material and workmanship indicated In the Specification for Tunnelling (2000) prepared by the British Tunnelling Society and the Institution of Civil Engineers & any subsequent revision; ji) International Tunnelling Association, Working Group No. 2 ‘Guidelines for Tunnelling Risk Management’ Final Draft 24 June 2002 and any subsequent revision, References and other suggested further reading are summarised in Appendix 1, COMPLIANCE WITH THE CODE Compliance with this Code, which applies to construction projects involving Tunney Works, should minimise the risk of physical loss or damage and associated delays (See Endorsement to Insurance Contract at the end of the document). Insurers shall require compliance on all projects where the value of the Tunnel Works {is £1.0million or above. For projects with a Tunnef Works element with a value less ito third! parties, matter to the attention of their Insurers during the the Insured should bring ‘agreement of the terms of insurance cover. Page 3 Code of Practice| 23. Non compliance with this Code for Tunnel Works by the Construction Industry including those who procure design and construction and by construction industry I professionals coud result In insurance ceasing to be aval or beng witrawn | resulting in a possible breach of construction contracts which require provision of such Insurance, 2.4. Compliance with this Cade is a pre-requisite condition for parties to obtain insurance | for projects falling within the scope of 2.2, Fallure to comply with the Code during the currency of the insurance policies could result in insurance ceasing to be available or being withdrawn resulting in a possible breach of construction contracts which requite provision of such insurance, } {25 The Contractor) Crient shall provide the Project Insurers and their representatives right of access to the project and project information to confirm compliance with this | t Code. || @ [inroonerony 3.1, Hazard identification and the management of risk to ensure their reduction to a level “as low as reasonably practicable” (ALARA) shall be integral considerations in the planning, design, procurement and construction of Tunnel Warks, So far as itis | reesonably practicable, risk should be reduced through appropriate design end construction procedures. for risk menagement shall be explicitly allocated to relevant parties to 3.2, Responsit ropriately addressed in the planning and j contract so they are adequately and ay ‘management of a project end appropriate financial allowances made. 3.3. Any risks that are to be transferred by any of the parties to @ contract to Contract J Insurers shall be clearly identified and quantified. {Tunnelling Page 4 of 48 rd rat Code of Practice3.4, (Is) mamicrowetnesocerr (BIS) wane The use of a formalised Risk Management procedure shall be employed as @ means of formally documenting the identification, evaluation and allocation of risks. 4. 42 43. Tunnelling Page 5 of 48 Dafinitions and terms used in this Cod are generally those given in British Standard BSG100: Sections 2.2.1(1992); 2.2.2 (1998); and 2.2.3(1990) (and any subsequent revision). ‘Terms identified in italics in this Code are defined/described in Appendix 2. A suggested "schedule of deliverables” is given in Appendix 3. it should be acknowledged, however, that the schedule as presented cannot and shail not be seen 2s exhaustive. The deliverables on any particular Tunnel Works project will be determined by the project requirements, as set out in contract documentation, RISK ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT ene ene General Risk Managementis the systematic process of a) identifying hazards and associated risks, through Risk Assessments, that impact on project outcome in tarms of costs and programme including thosa to third parties; b) quantifying risks including their programme and cost implications; ©) identifying pro-active actions planned to eliminate or mitigate the risks; d) identifying methods to be utilised for the control of ris ‘€) _allocsting risks to the various parties to the contract and Contract Insurers. Thi Dr Code of Practice5.12 c ! 5.1.3, he Association of Sritich Inzur: For the purpose of this Coa, “Risk” is defined as the combination of the consequence (or severity) of a “hazard” and its likelihood ie, Risk = Consequence/sevenity of a hazard x Likelihood of occurrence of the hazard ‘A “Hazard” is defined es an event which has the potential to impact on matters relating to @ project wihich could give rise to consequences associated with - a) health and safety; b) the environment; ©) the design; @) the programme for design; ©) the costs for the design; 1) the construction of the project; 9) the programme for construction; h) the costs associated with construction; }) third parties and existing faclities including buildings, bridges, tunnels, roads, surface and subsurface ralinays, pavements, waterways, flood protection ‘works, surface and subsurface utilities and all other structures/infrastructure which shall be affected by the carrying out of the works. Hazards shall be identified and evaluated on a project-specific basis and their consequent risks shall be identified and quantified through Risk Assessments through all stages of a project le the Project Development Stage, the Construction Contract Procurement Stage, the Design Stage, the Construction Stage and the operational fod. sta as any stipulated maintenai ‘The nature of the hazards (and hence their consequent risks) will be dependent on the stage of a project under consideration. ‘Tunnelling Page 6 of 48 “Thira ak Code of Practice| 5.2. 5.2.1. 5.2.2, 5.2.3, 53. 53.4. Tunneling is) ee Guidance on risk management principles, risk assessment procedures and tt quantification of risks in relation to Tunnel Warksis given in TTA Working Group No 2 Guidelines for Tunnelling Risk Management. Risk Assessment isk Assessmentis the formalised process of identifying hazards and evaluating their consequence and probability of occurrence togather with strategies as appropriate for preventative and contingent actions. Risk Assessments required at each stage of a project shall be summarised in appropriate ‘Risk Registers, Risk Registers shall clearly indicate the party responsible for the control and hence management of an identified risk, as weil as contingency measures available for the mitigation of the risk. isks, in terms of probability of The parameters to be used in the assessment of occurrence of @ hazard and its severity for impact/consaquence on cost, programme, environment, third parties and existing facilities shall be both project specific and ‘appropriate to the project stege under consideration. Risk Registers ‘The processes of Risk Assessmentand the subsequent preparation of Risk Registers are required to identify and clarify ownership of risks and shall detail clearly and concisely how the risks are to be allocated, controlled, mitigated and managed. The systems used to track risks shall enable their management, mitigation through contingency measures and control to be monitored through all stages of @ project. Risks may be transferred to other parties but never ignored. “Ted brat Code of Practicei 5.3.2. b ) Uo 6a ] {i 1 Lip tcted| i i |i [J 63 et i I} ihe Aesoéiation of Sritish Insurers mums ruwecinie socery (BIS) isk Registers shall be “live” documents which ere continually reviewed and revised 28 appropriate and available for scrutiny at any time. They shall provide an auditable trall through the life of @ project to demonstrate compliance with this Cod. They shall identity the hazards, consequent risks, the mitigation/contingency plans, es, critical dates for completion of actions and whan proposed actions, responsi actions have been closed out. CLIENT ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES | t The Clentshall have demonstrable technical and contract management competence appropriate to the type, scope and extent of the project to be planned, designed and procured for construction in ~ 2) Project Development Stage studies; b) Design Stages; ©) Construction Contract Procurement Stage procedures including selection of a Form of Contract, d) Construction Stages and their management, Such competence shall be demonstrable and evaluated on the basis of a) the Corporate Competence of the Client body in relation to the proposed project and/or b) the competence of-Individual staff within the Giant body incuding their availabilty for the project. In the absence of appropriate experience for any part of the project, the Cllent shall "a Client's Reprasentative, The appointment of a Client's Representative app should be based on a structured selection exercise. The critetia for tie selection and appointment of a Client Representative should be similar to those with which the —— Tunnelling Page 8 Code of PracticeJ The! Association of British insurers saanserewnamsocnry (ETS) BIS ] Client assesses his own capability at the outset and Include consideration of the ; following - i a) the Corporate Competence of the company including references from previous i cffents (which should be followed up); ‘ b) the competence of staff | ©) named Key Personnes fe @) an assessment of the project planning competence including the planning, Er procurement, execution and interpretation of ste and ground investigations; k ) ©) design capabilty including competence in the type of Tunnel Works to be | designed and associated construction techniques, 5 f) management of design processes, Design Checking and review procedures, | CDM and the preparation of Risk Assessments t] 9) presentation by Key Personnel proposed for the project and confirmation of ‘ their availabilty; {4 h) financial stability of the company/organisation. 64. The Giant shall prepare a Construction Risk Policy Statement for the project that identifies the scope, risk objectives and risk management strategy, as set out in the TTA “Guidelines for Tunnelling Risk Management, | 6S. The Gilentshail take fll responsibilty forthe information prepared by him (or by his Representative) and issued to tenderers as ‘works information’. 5.6. The Client shall take into account all other matters relating to his role and responsibilities referred to in subsequent sections of this Code, —_—_— 4 Tenneliing Page 9 of 48 Code of PracticePam il Ihe Association of British Insurers [BRITISH TUNNELLING SOCIETY els) } i sy PROJECT DEVELOPMENT STAGE j 7.1. General : 7.1.1. For the purpose of this Code, the Project Development Stage inciudes - i i a) project feasibility studies; b) site and ground investigations; ©) assessment and evaluation of project options and the identification of 3 preferred project option and Form of Contract for construction (for example 1 i | ) design and construct or design-construct); / 4) project design studies epprepriate to the Farm of Contract for construction 7.1.2. The work scope required under the Project Develoament Stage shall not be | constrained by programme considerations or the terms and conditions for the ' appointment of a Cifent’s Representative. Clients shall ensure that sufficient time and budget are avaliable to - i [J a) fully investigate and subsequently demonstrate the technical viability of a } project prior to proceeding to the Construction Contract Procurement Stage; 44 b) prepare designs appropriate to the Form of Cantractto be adopted. y r 7.2, Site and Ground Investigations | | 7.2.1. The nature, scope and extent of site and ground investigations to be carried out shall be based on the nature, scope and extent of the projec, its location and geological/nydrogeological environments, Site and ground investigations shall be | J designed, planned and procured by suitably competent personnel’ | :se teres ste aston ncopscson -Doaert2 Rang, proce any mangement pred by te Sts iment Stang Grau, publ hy Than Ted sera, 1283 | unneliing Page 10 of 48 “hie Oak “Code of Practiceast ee Ue] The Ascociation of Bri sh insurer nunsureneiene sociery (BIS ith British Standard 855930 7.2.2, Site investigations shall be carried out in accordant (Code of practice for site investigations) and shall take cognisance of British Standard BS6164. The basis (including standard) on which site investigations are carried out should'be clearly stated. Site/ground investigations carried out by or on behalf of the Client should be phased appropriate to the pertaining physical and geological environments and be so designed and planned to: @) identify, so far as reasonably practicable, artificial (man-made) and natural (geological/hydrogeological) hazards (inclixding gases such as riethane, radon) and hence enable consequent risks which influence the design and construction of the project including those that affect third parties to be assessed; b) provide sufficient information on pertaining site and ground (including artical and natural ground) and groundwater conditions, previous history of the project site including any constraints of an engineering significance relevant to the works to be carried out (such as mining/mineral extraction, contamination) in order to enable realistic and reliable assessments of different tunnelling methodologies (Including temporary end permanent supporting requitements and health and safety issues) to be made in terms of technical viebility, cost, programme and impact to third parties; ©) enable the financial and technical viablity of the project to be confirmed from preliminary design studies; ) permit/enable subsequent detailed design of the project to be carried out without the need for further site Investigation by an appointed Contractor for specific requirements within 2 Contract for site/ground investigation induding probing ahead of a tunnel face; Tunnelling Page 11 of 48 “Ted ot Code of Practice7.24, 73. 73.1, Pre Associaton of Srsh tnsu pireereee ees BTS) ©) tenable alignment options to be compared and the feasibility of the options in terms of cost, programme and Constructability to be evaluated, ‘Site and ground investigations shall be executed by competent organisations for such work and supervised by suitably competent personnel by (or on behalf of) the Client to ensure that the results of the investigations are reviewed timeausly and the scope of the investigations Is amended or revised to suit the conditions being encountered in relation to the proposed nature and scope of the project: ‘The results of site and ground investigations, including laboratory and field testing, shall be recorded fectually in accordance with recognised standards, for exam; 5930 Code of Practice for Site Investigation, 85 1377 Methods of test for soll for civil engineering purposes, International Society for Rock Mechanics’ Suggested Methods for Rock Characterisation and Monitoring. The method of reporting should be stated clearly and unequivocally. Any departure whatsoever from any Standards, Codes or ‘other practices referred to or acknowledged in the Factual reports shall be identified ‘and clarified so as to obviate any ambiguity in the reporting of factual data, Assessment and Evaluation of Project Options Assessments and evaluations of project options shall be carried out during the Project Development Stage by the Client (or on his behalf by his appointed Representative), For a selected alignment or alignment options, such assessments and evaluations shall take into account - ) geology (including the potential for methane generation or other gases of a Potentially harmful nature) end hydrageology {from site and ground investigations); Tinneling age OB tunnelling Page 12 oF 48 This Dat 7 Code of Practiceb) a) 2) dD Is) ‘ciation of British Insurers BRITISH TURELLING socmeTY (PIS/ tunnelling methodologies (end otner methodologies as appropriate associated with works such as caverns, shafts, adits) appropriate to the nature of the ground and the environment (for example, open- and closed-face tunnel boring machines, partial face tunnelling machines (roadheaders), drill and blast) for the selected alignment or the alignment options; temporary and permanent support systems (for example, sprayed concrete linings, rockbolts/dowels, pre-cast concrete segmental finings, cast-iron segmental linings, cast in-situ concrete linings); ground and groundwater treatment measures (for example, the use of compressed alt, grouting, dewatering/depressurisation, ground freezing) and their impact on the environment and to third parties (for example, groundivater ~abstraction/depressurisation leading to settlements, noise, vibrations); ground movements and settlements at the ground surface and their impacts on third parties or ground movements sub-surface and their impacts on buried structures such as utility services, adjacent tunnels and underground structures); environmental considerations including dust, noise, vibrations, traffic, plant movements; ‘associated costs, health and safety and programme implications; appropriate forms of contract; hhazérdous materials including gasses, chemicals, other pollutants or naturally ‘occurring substances that could be injurious to health or affect durability; all other particular factors felevant to the proposed project location, geology and environment, Tunneling Third One Code of Practiceihe Asai aoaieiies arise nansuinesscnry (BTS) ‘The assessments and evaluations of project options shall include the identification ‘and evaluation of associated option-related hazards and consequent risks. These I, shal be presented in formalised Risk Assessmants for each identified project option, i ‘The Risk Assessments should be contimially reviewed and revised as appropriate during the Project Development Stage a take into account the results of site and ‘ground investigation results and further and better information that becomes i available during this Stage. z 7.3.3. For identified project options (in terms of, for example, elignment, tunnelling methodology, environmental) 7hird Party considerations, etc), the Ciiantshould | establish (or have established on his behalf) overall estimates of cost and time for each project option with costs assigned to programme activities. Furthermore, cost and programme sensitivity tests should be undertaken to determine the projected | ‘out-tura costs end programme durations in relation to project-option elated risks and appropriately assigned confidence levels, taking into account possible mitigation : measures to obviate or minimise identified risks. "7.3.4. By such means, the Centshould determine (or have determined on his behalf) @ technically viable preferred project option or options. \ | | 7.4, Project Development Design Studies || 74st The Glaneshould prepare (or have prepared on his behalt) a preliminary scheme ' design or detailed scheme desiga appropriate to the Farm of Contractto be adopted | (see Section 8) for the preferred project option (or options). The preliminary scheme design or detailed scheme design shall take full cognisance of the requirements of fe The Construction (Design and Management) Regulations and 85 6164 (see Section al \J 9), {Tunneling Page 14 of 48 “Ti bree ! Code of Practiceee ee as 7.4.2. A Risk Assassmentshould be prepared for the preferred project option (or options). This Rist Assessment should include the perceived hazards and associated risks for i the preferred project option (or options) and indicate potential mitigating measures | with comprehensive explanations for their basis, based on the studies carried out during the Project Development Stage. This Risk Assessment shall be included within | the information provided to tenderers (see Section 8). CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT PROCUREMENT STAGE | General 8.1.1. For the purpose of this Code, the Construction Contract Procurement Stage indudes- i 2) the preparation and issue of contract documentation for issue for tendering purposes; ib b) the selection or Pre-qualification of contractors for tendering; ©) tender assessment. 8.2. The Preparation of Contract Documentation for Tendering Purposes The preparation of contract documentation for tendering purposes shall take due regard of the type of contract to be awarded (for example, design and construct or ' design-construct) and the Form of Contract (for example standard forms of Contract, published by the Institution of Civil Engineers, the Institution of Chemical Engineers ‘or modifications to standard forms of Contract). 8.2.2. The selection of a Farm of Contract by the ientshould take due regard of the location oF risks Under the proposed Contract to the parties to the Contract and consequently the liabiilifes to the parties ta the Contract. | Tunnelling : Code of Practicea eae emsuresanesocary (BFS) 8.2.3, The contrect documentation shall clearly demonstrate how the parties to the contract are to comply with this Code, Consequentiy, the contract documentation should clearly and explicitly set out the responsibilities end duties of the parties to the contract and the allocation of respective risks. 8.2.4. Contract documentation shall include full disclosure of hazards and essociated risks identified from the Project Development Stage for the preferred project option (or options) in the form of a project Risk Assessment for information purposes only. 8.2.5. Contract documentation shall include Ground Reference Conditions or Geotechnical Baseline Conditions’ prepared by the Client (or prepared on his behalf) or shall require each tenderer to submit with their tender their own assessment of Ground Reference Conditions or Geotechnical Baseline Conditions, the requirements of which shall be defined and fully described in the contract documentation. 8.2.6. When prepared by (or on behalf of) the Client, the Ground Reference Conditions or Geotechnical Baseline Conditions shall be issued to tenderers as integral and formative information provided at time of tender on which tenders should be based and the Client stall take responsibilty for the information so issued. When prepared bya tenderer, the Grourid Reference Conditions or Geotechnical Baseline Conditions shall be used in the tender assessment process. Ground Reference Conditions or Geotechnical Baseline Conditions prepared either by the Cllentor by a tenderer shall form part of the Contract and shall provide the basis for comparison with ground conditions encountered in relation to those assumed and allowed for at the tender Reports for Underground Construction “Guidelines and Practices" published vl Engineers, 1997 * See "Geotechnical Basel by the America Society Tunnelling Page 16 of 48 “hie Code of Practice8.2.7, 8.2.8, 8.29. 8.2.10. @s) [BRITISH TUNNELLING SOCEETY H Geotechnical Baseline Conditions shall be suffidentiy detailed to obviate any ‘argument as to matters of fact on which the tander was based and provide the baseline against which encountered conditions can be reliably assessed and compared. The Ground Reference Conditions or Geotechnical Baseline Conditions shall also identify hazards appropriate to the site and ground conditions established from the investigations to permit associated risks to be identified end catered for at time of tender, consistent with the contract documentation requirements. Provision shall be made in contract documentation for conditions encountered which are not included in Ground Reference Conditions or Baseline Geotechnical Condkions unless significant precedent experience of similar projects in the pertaining ground conditions is available, The contract documentation shall clearly identily key Method Statements to be submitted with a tender that the Client or his Representative considers critical for the construction of the works. Where the implementation of a preferred project option (or options) permits (or in the alternative does not exclude) the use of a tunnelling boring machine (TBM), the contract documentation shall provide a minimum performance specification for the TEM. Notwithstanding the issue of a project Aisk Assessmentin the contract, 2 and submit their own project Risk Fequired to pre Assessment for submission with a tender as well as specific Risk Assessments appropriate to the methods of working allowed for (described In Method Statements) witht descriptions of risk mitigetion/control/contingency measures. TT innelling Page 17 of 48 ‘hia rat Code of Praciice[the Ascoviation of aitsh insurers axa ranexume socurry (BIS) 8.2.11, The contract documentation should clearly set out the technical and financial information to be presented in a tender to permit assessment and evaluation of tenders. 8.2.12. A Ciientshall ensure that sufficient and adequate time and resources are allocated for the preparation of contract documentation for release for tendering purposes without the need for subsequent supplementary documentation (including addenda, corrigenda) during the tendering period, 8.3. Selection or Pre-qualification of Contractors for Tendering Purposes 8.3.1. This Is a key activity and shall have dedicated time and resources allocated by the Giient. The process for the selection or Pre-qualification of contractors for tendering Purposes shall be for the contractors to demonstrate relevant experience of having cartied out similar works, personnel, etc. 8.3.2, The requirements for selection or Pre-qualifcation shall be prescribed and appropriate information sought from the applicants. This should include ~ a) experience obtained in the last 10 years with a list of relevant projects and Glents. Previous Cifents should be contacted for references for example on ‘matters relating to the contractors performance, working relationships); b) performance details on previous relevant projects; ©) financial status; any proposed “Joint venture” arrangements; ©) _ key staff availabie with the required qualifications; Ee ) current work load and available resources; 9) proposed use of subcontractors and supply chain and details of any long term working relationships; Tunnelling Page 18 of 48 Third OF Code of Practicea eae eee 8:4, 641. 85. B54. 8.5.2. 8.5.3. GR Association of Bri Inusera nnmse nasecunesocery (BIS) fh) focused technical submission on the proposed project which demonstrates technical understanding of the requirements for the project. i) contractor’s competence Adequate Tine for Tendering Provision shell b8 made by the Client for adequate time for tendering to reflect the type of contract, the complexity of the project and the requirements of the contract documentation in terms of a tender submission. Tender Assessment and Evaluation ‘Tenders should be assessed and evaluated in terms of technical, financial (and partnering if apprapriate) submissions in relation to the requirements of the contract cocumentation, based on criteria established prior to tender receipt. “The tender assessment and evaluation exercise should focus on establishing the Best Value or the project which may not necessarily be the lovrest tender price received ‘The Client should be satisfied that 2 tender submission recognises the risks to be allocated to the Contractor and that due allowance has been made in terms of cost and programme for dealing with risks through the application of identified contingency measures. Equally, the Client should be setisfied that the tender submission demonstrates that risks to be allocated to the Cent under the Contract have been considered and minimised through appropriate Risk Management procedures to be implemented by the tenderer such that the risks to the Client are acceptable in 8 nd programme. —— Tunnelling Page 19 of 48 Thi Oat Code of Practicepaseroonscesce EIS) 8.5.4, Where necessary and appropriate, the lent should carry out or have carried out on his behalf, “sensitivity studies” on cost and programme implications of risks identifi In the project Risk Assessment submitted by a tenderer. } 8.5.5. For all contracts, the tenderer shall be required, through the contract documentation, to provide the tender Risk Registertor the beneft of the Contract Insurers. ‘This tender Alsk Register should demonstrate how the tender submission adequately and I; appropriately caters for risks identified and to be allocated to the Contractor including management and control procedures, proposed contingency measures andl the cost and progremme implications of the implementation of contingency measures. ® [asery 1, General 9.1.1. For the purpose of this Code, Design Stages inciude preliminary and detailed designs il for permanent Tunnel Works and temporary works designs during the Construction | Stage of project. 9.1.2. The principles to be adopted during the Design Stages shall apply equally for the | 4 designs for permanent works and the designs for temporary works, howsoever defined in the contract documentation and in the cases of - 2) _ the Designer being the Clientor employed by the Cientas the Cent's Designer, | | i W) te Dasgaervang ve c ey Ye cnn ona cen | ‘and construct contract; Tunnelling Page 20 of 48 Tred ont Code of Practice924, 9.2.2, 9.3.2, -' ©) 2 Contractor's Designer during the Construction Stage of a project for which the Getalled design has been produced by or on behalf of the Client © any other arrangement for procuring/undertaking design for the project The Selection and Appointment of a Designer The selection and appointment of a Designer, elther by a Client or by a Contractor, should be based on the factors listed in Section 6.3 above. At the outset of a selection pracess, prospective Designers should be provided with a brief from the Cilentor Contractor. The prospective Designers should review this brief and identify any deficiencies or omissions that could lead to a risk to the project. ‘The Gentor Contractor shall be required to address these issues and make adjustments to the terms and scope of engagement prior to awarding the design commission. Transfer of Information Between Designers Where a design is transferred between Designers for different Design Stages of a Tunnel Works project, the Clientshall ensure that all information developed and collated during the previous Design Stage is made available to the Designer of the following stage, including Risk Assecsments and Risk Registers. Furthermore, to ensure the transfer of information between Designers, the Clant should make provision for an appropriate hand-over procedure which should include a meeting/workshop between Designers to enable the basis for the design being ified risks to be ‘wisi that design and ——— eee Third Ora ‘Tunnelling Code of Practiceony ng Association of British Insorare pIrisi ToNRLLONG SOCIETY (is Ss} i 9.3.3. The Designer appointed and responsible for the following Design Stage shall be required to evaluate this information and make recommendations to the employing t party (Gientor Contractor) as eppropriate for further investigations andor studies for t L the subsequent Design Stage to fulfl the brief for appointment. i 94, ‘The Design Process ; 9.4.1. ‘The fundamental principle tobe adopted in the Design Process is that of achieving 2 I robust design i.e, where the risk of falure or damage to the Tunnel Works or to third Li parties from all reasonably foreseeable causes and including health and sefety ; considerations is extremely remote during the construction and the design life of the i project. High consequence but low frequency events which could affect the works or third parties shall also be considered, i i 9.4.2, The Designer for any Design Stage shall prepare a programme/schedule identifying all the tasks to be undertaken, the resources required to fulfil the design obligation, i } the deliverables to be produced and quality contro! procedures to be applied. $4.3, For each and every element in a Design Stage, the Designer shall prepare 2 Design mp Method Statement winich shall include but not necessary be limited to ~ a) _ a description of the element to be desicned; b) the design requirements and criteria to be adopted; | ©) @ geotechnical assessment which shall evaluate the geological and geotechnical information avaitabla (including methane/radon etc generation, contamination), os ascribe design values forthe pertaining assessed ground and groundwater j conditions forthe purpose of design wh jostfcation inthe fight of Information : provided (including Ground Reference Conditions and/or Geotechnical Beseline | Conditions}; | Tunneling Page 22 of 48. “Thid Brat Code of PracticagD *) i 9 Jo of Suan sures onrise reemume scurry (BTS) cluding reference to including any a description of the method of design (i applicable Codes and/or Standards); a description of the method(s) of analysis to be used for the design and Justification thereof; a Design Risk Assessment which shall consider the impact on the design and hence its implementation (not only on the Tunnel Works but also to Third Parties) of any realistic variation in the Design Criteria andor design values adopted based on the information avallabie in relation to the anticipated/proposed method(s) of construction. The Design Risk Assessment al failure mechanisms and include shall take account of pote ‘mikigation/contingency meesures appropriate to the enticipated/proposed methods) of construction. the checking procedure to be implemented for the design. For each and every element in 2 Design Stage, calculations, analyses and assessments carried out for design purposes shall be presented in a separate Design Statement. [2 9.4.5. The Design Process shal include sensitivity studies to assess the impact of - | : 6) J 8 8) 2) Tunnelling construction tolerances; veriation In geotechnical design values; variation in materials characteristics; variation in workmanship and geometry; methods of construction and the implementation of mitigation/contingency Page 23 of 48, Code of Practicea GO) sector onan nue snecronssssescenrs (TS wee! 1) natural Perils exposure in the region of the project e.g. flood, storm, seismic or tidal effects. 9.4.6. The Design Process shall indude an assessment of the impact of construction on Third Partyinfrastructure, In this respect, the Designer shall assemble as far 2s reasonably practicable all avalable records of foundations and other structuresfartificial obstructions which could affect and/or be affected by the Tunnel Works. 85. Design Checks 9.5.1, All designs shall be subject to a design check to ensure that a robust design has been achieved. 9.5.2, The extent and scope of design checks shell be appropriate to— a) the nature of the Tunnel Works, b) the level of risk (to the Tunne/ Works andor third parties) assessed from the Design Risk Assessment; ©) any statutory or other requirements by a Centor third parties. 9.5.3. Design checks may vary from basic numerical checking of design calculations/analyses by each Designer through to comprehensive independent checking including excavation/support sequencing in the case of designs For open- face Tunnel Works, oF 48 Third ora Tunnelling Code of Practice9.5.4. 9.6. 9.6.1. 96.2, 9.6.3, PNA) ths association of British Insurers ‘BRITISH TUNNELLING SOCIETY Gs) Design programmes shal aiow for suficient time for the appropriate level of ‘checking. In the case of design and construct contracts, the construction programme shall make adequate provision for the required level of Design Checking. Constructability Issues The Designer shall ensure that adequate construction expertise is available at all umes to undertake formal reviews of the design to assess and confirm the ‘appropriateness of the design in terms of Constructebilty, including health and safety considerations in relation to 856164. “The Designer shall take account of the impact of staged or sequential excavations to ‘ensure the feasibility of construction stages and hence the appropriateness of the design. Provision shall be made by the Client in a Contract for ensuring that the Designer's intent/requirements in these are adhered to during construction. ‘Where the implementation of a design includes the use of a tunnel boring machine (TBM) (in either soft ground or rock), the feasibility of the method of working shall be, demonstrated. Sufficient information appropriate to the anticipated ground and groundwater conditions and a minimum performance specification for the TBM shell be made available in the contract documentation for the selection of the appropriate TBM and bacicup systems, Where the implementation of a design includes the use of open-face excavation methods (including a Sreyed Concrete Lining design), the design shall detail excavation/support sequences and identify appropriate monitoring measures during the works for the range of anticipated ground and groundwater conditions. The design shall ziso include for the provision of contingency measures. The Designer Tunneling Page 25 of 48 “Tite Oa Code of PracticeTo 97, 974. 10.2. 10.2.4, (is prone sore VS ‘ssociation of British Isurei Shall ensure the design is robust in terms of geotechnical veriabilty, workmanship and construction tolerances, Where an “ebservational metiiod'" (as described in CIRIA Report R185) Is used, the requirements of this Report must be complied with. Validation of Design During Construction Provision shall be made in a Contract for sufficient monitoring of 7unnef Works during the Construction Stage to ensure that the design being implemented remains valid at all times. Such monitoring shail include the monitoring of the performances of the ground (Including groundwater), Tunne/ Works’structures as well as adjacent structures potentially affected by the Tunnel Works as appropriate to the method(s) of working adopted during the Construction Stage, neral ‘This section of the, Code identifies the elements of current best practice that Contractors are required to comply with as a minimum (in addition to any statutory requirements) prior to and.during construction and should be read jn conjunction with the remaining sections of the code, Pre-construction Activities Following Contract Award, but prior to commencing on site, time shall be set eside in the programme for pre-con 2) _ the preparation and submission for approval of the Project Risk Management incorporating the Project A Tunneling Page 26 of 4B Thi Br203. 10.3.2, 10.3.3. 10.3.4 10.3.5 Tunnelling Page 27 of 48 Code of Practice ‘The Association of British Insurers samsaraomuinesocure (BIS) b) the preparation and submission for epproval of the Health & Safety, Quality and Environmental Plans; ©) the preparation of @ Management Plan ) the identification, design (as necessary under the Contract) and procurement cf items which involve long lead items (e.g. tunnel boring machines); ) pre-construction Planning and Method Statements, 1) obtaining all necessary statutory consents; 9) Constructability reviews. Risk Management Procedures . A Project Risk Management Plan shall be prepared which shall include a Risk Register recording all risks identified within the Construction Stage of the project, including the risks brought forward from the Clients pre-contract Risk Register ‘The Risk Register shall identify the actions required to be taken by the Contractor to mitigate the impact of the identified risks on the Tunnel Works. The Risk Register shall address construction related risks. ‘The Risk Management Plan shall include the means of monitoring progress in the reduction/mitigation of the overall impactynumber of risks. ‘The Contractor's risk management procedure shall follow the guidelines as set cut in BS 616¢ and es recommended in the final draft of the ITA Working Group No, 2 "Guidelines for Tunnelling Risk Management” (Final Draft 24 June 2002) eviewed regularly As part of the Risk Management Pian, the Risk Register shall be (at gest monthiy) aia Updated where necessary identifying ay chenges to the Project Risk Profile. The revised report shall be submitted to the Client andjor his’ Representativefor approval.(qo i (gfs} the Aasccaion of Beh tsarere amuseranecenssocery (BTS) iirud by the Contract, the Con ‘ctor shall submit fer epproval by the Giertor his Representative an overall Site Orgenisation Chart. This Chart shou ‘identify the 5 of contmunication of Key Personnel and those persons nominated for safety critical work and Seif-Certification (where required under the i Contrect, 10.4.2, ‘The Site Organisation chart shall be in sufficient detail to enable the Giientor his Representative to identify how end with whom the Contractor intends to manage the works, The chart shail be submitted together with the names and CVs of all Key | Perscanelts demonstrate the competence of those persons who will be employed in the manggement of the Works. In addition to the names and CVs of all Key Personne), the Contractor shall provide the Roles and Responsibilities of those personnel identified. Period stiptlated in the Contract, the Contractor shall provide his policy on rh employment of skilled operatives for approval. The policy should set out how the Contractor shall ensure that all operatives have the necessary competency to carry ii out the processes required for the construction of the works and shall include details of the Contractors training policy: | 10.4.5. Within tie period stipulated in the Contract, the Contractor shail provide a taining pian which shall indicate how he intends to ensure thot all staff are and will remain adequately and suitably tralned for the positions and responsibilities that they are to ho'd, E Tunnetting Page 28 of 48 Thiet Or Code of Practiceforay insurers anmsurannue sooty (BTS, ee ‘The Association of Br 10.4.6. As part of the organisation structure, the Contractor shall develop and implement 2 provedure for the dissemination of information including the methods he shall employ ! to ensure that Feedback from sections of the works are communicated to all parts of i the Project | 10.5. Constructability 10.5.1. Throughout the duration of any Tunnel Works contract, the Contractor shell carry out | Constractabilty reviews jointly with the Designer. “The frequency of such reviews shall be consistent with the requirement of ensuring that the construction methods ~ being employed and to be employed by the Contractor are suitable and appropriate in the light of the nature and scope of the works and the monitoring of the works. }! 10.6, Methods and Equipment Prior to commencement of any operation or process in connection with construction of the Tunnel Works, the Contractor shall provide the Cientor his Representative with fully detalled Method Statements, Inspection and Test Plansand Risk 1 Assessments as required and defined under the Contract. 10.6.2. Methed Statements shall clearly and unequivocally detail the methods and resources, with which the Contractor intends to construct the works and should cover all aspects, | of the works including Specification, Design, Environment, Health and Safety and Quality. Method Statements shall reflect and demonstrate compliance with accepted current best practice and standards for the operations intended to be carried out. fl how: the Contractor 10.6.3, Inspection and Test Plans shell clearly and unequivocally de J intends to inspect, check and certify the works throughout the construction process and should detail hold points requiring approval by others such as the Designer, fe | Tunneling Page 29 of 48 Tried Ore Code of Practice10.6.4. 10.6.5. 10.6.7. bile anrasnrocazsnesocezy (BIS) Ne he Association of 8 Cientor ClentS Representativein accordance with the Contract requirements, dnspection and Test Plans should identify those sactions of the Specification which are ig referred to and what tolerances are permitted, Risk Assessments shel deal with specific risks associated with the construction methods, plant, equipment and materials to be employed including fire related risks ‘essociated with the working environment, construction methods specific plant, ‘material and equipment to be used in the construction of the works having due regard to BS 6164 on such matters. Risk Assessments shall demonstrate that the hazards and associated risks involved in the construction process have been fully te Method Statementhas included all Identified and assessed and that the appropri mitigation necessary to reduce the impact of the risk to acceptable levels. The Method Statements and Inspection and Test Plans shall indicate what-monitoring ‘and checking shall be carried out end by whom and at what intervals and what quality records shall be produced and provided to satisfy compliance with the Contract requirements. Procedures for dealing with non-compliances shall be included. . A register of approved signatures shall be maintained together with authority levels for all staff employed in the checking and certifying of Inspection and Test Plansand Quality records In the case of a Self-Certication Contract, the Contractor shall adcitionelly Gemonstrate how he shail controt end maintain the independent supervision of construction checking process. ‘Tunnelling Page 30 of 48 Wied Beat Code of Practice10.7, 10.7.1, 10.7.3 yas sumsnronsuinesoerry (BIS) hod Statements shalt id t equipment and/or method itis intended tify wha ‘ria for seléction of thet method or equipment particularly to be used and the cr with regard to the risks identified in the Risk Register. Where project eal equipment or methods such s tunnel boring machines (TM), sprayed concrete linings (SCL) are to be used, a separate statement shall be prepared setting cut the basis of the selection of the equipment or method with regard to operation, ground conditions, safety systems, maintenance, environmental monitoring, access, settlement, emergency procedures. Management Systems Following award and prior to commencement on site, the Contractor shell provide the Cientor his Representative with a copy of his Health and Safety Plan, Quality Plan and Environmental Plen together with an overall Management Flan. In addition to the requirements of the Health & Safety, Quality and Environmental Plans, the overall Management Plan shall identify and demonstrate the systems the Contractor intends to use to manage and control the construction process with regard to the requirements of the Contract and also with regard to identifying that the Contractor is working to current accepted best practice. ‘This Management Plan should include, as a minimum, procedures for the ‘management and contro! of the following: 2) documents; 1) design: ©) Self Certification (where required under the Contract); Tunnelling Page 31 of 48 “ake Deft Code of Practicene Assocation of ertish inure onniserenmuanesocary (BTS) | 9s) naterlals, equipment, and designs (either for temporary or : permanent works, according to the requirements of the Contract); | 2) pening 1 ) training; 9) emergency Procedures; | 1h) contro’ & calibration of test and Inspection equipment; | 3) - survey. ny of the above are included in other project-specific plans (eg Quality Pian), the Ny iz ‘Management Plan should merely Include a reference to the relevant sections of the ‘other project-specific plans (to avoid duplication). 10.7.4, The Contractor shall provide the Client or his Representative with an Audit Plan that i demonstrates how he intends to auc the construction process with both internal and a] external Audits. ‘| | 10.7.5. The Contractor shall implement a regular management review of all systems and procedures to ensure continuing compliance with the requirements of the Contract, ! and shall update all procedures as necessary. Ff) 108. . Monitoring | | 10.8.1. Monitoring ofthe construction processes shall be carried out by use of inspection anc i Test Plans, audits and management reviews, 10.8.2. For any process, the Method Statements and Inspection and Test Plans shall ensure it | J that the critical parameters are clearly identified and monitored in such a wey as to ! be able to be confirmed by audit that they are in compliance with the requirements of the Contract and/or third parties involved. | Tumaing Page 32 af 48 This Or } Code of Practicefare 10.8.3. With particular regard to Tunne/ Works in urban areas and where Third Party equipment or structures are at risk, Method Statements shall clearly Identify trigger levels at which contingency action shall be taken, The Method Statements shall re to be clearl fentify the reporting roles and responsibilities and whet actions taken and by whom at each trigasr level. 10.8.4. Where risks are iden! 1m the Risk Registerthat have a high severity rating but ‘which heve been mitigated by the construction methods to an acceptable level, the Contractor shall provice ths Cliantor his Representative with an outline Smergency 2nd Contingency Pian for dealing vith the risk in the event that Itis realised. 10.9. Management of Change All Value Engineering proposals submitted for approval to the Clientor his Representative should include @ statement setting out in full, technical benefits es consequence of the proposals together with any varietion in the Project Risk Assessments. Full specifications and drawings as appropriate shall be prepared and { by the Client before implanting the change. approve: 10.9.2, All design chenges instructed by the Qlientor his Representative or design changes introduced by the Contractor on design - construct contracts during the Contract shail be reviewed by the Contractor and revised Risk Assessments submitted as appropriate for approval prior to carrying out the works. 10.9.3. Any modifications to safety critical equipment and/or procedures shall be undertaken only by competent persons end be subject to review by the Designerand the Contractor. Tunnel Page 33 of 48 Thi Dk iS Code of PracticePage 35 of 483) Association of British Insurers ‘BRITISH TUNNELLING SOCIETY NA References and Further ng The following publications and any subsequent revision thereof References aS 6164 Code of prectice for safety in tunnelling in the construction industry (200%) Health and safety at Work etc, Act 1974HSE Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 HSE Approved Code of Practice and Guidance ‘Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 1994 (2001 came into effect on 1 February 2002) International Tunnel Association (ITA) Working Group No. 2 ‘Guidelines for Tunnelling Risk Management’. Final Draft 2002-06-24 American Society of Engineers ‘Geoteck Guidelines and Practices’ (1997) | Baseline Reports for Underground Construction ~ Bs 6100 Glossary of building and civil engineering terms. Section 2.2.1 (1992), Section 2,2.2 (1999), Section 2,2.3 (1990) refer ers/ice Model Specification for Tunnelling (1997) BS EN 815 ‘Safety of unshielded tunnel boring machines and rodiess shaft boring machines for rock (1997) BSEN 12336 Tunnelling machines. Shield machine horizontal thrust block machines, Tining erection equipment. Safety requirements prEN 12130 Tunnelling machines. Alrlocks, Safety requirements PreN 12111 Tunnelling machines. Road headers, continuous miners and impact ripper requirement BS 137 ‘Methods of test for soll for civil ngineering purposes (1990) 8s5930 Code of Practice for Site Investigation (1999) HSE L96 Guidance on Regulations Work in Compressed Air Regulations1996and addendum on oxygen decompression CIRIA Report R185. “The Observational Method in ground engineering: principles and applications” D Nicholson, C-M TSE and C Pailing (1999) ICE Design and practice guides "Sprayed Concrete Linings (NATM) for tunnels in soft ground’ (2995) HSE Safety of New Austrian tunnelling Method (NATM) tunnels: a review of sprayed concrete lined tunnels with particular reference to London Clay (1996) Tunnelling Page 37 of 48 hed Dra Code of Practice1 Association of Britisn Insurers rms used ALARP Best Value Client Ciont Brief Client's Repreie Code Constructabitcy Constitctiori Contract Procurement Contract Award Contract Insurers Contract Procurement Staga Corporate Experi Design Checking Design Criteria Design Statements Designer Employer Forr : Geotechnical Saseiine Concitions Ground Reference Conditions Inspection and Test Plan Insured Key Personnel Management Plan Method Statement Pain Gain Share Pre-quaification Project Development stage Project Rsk Register Risk Assessments Risk Menagément Functions Risk Register Scheme Development Self Certification Tender Dosum: Third Party Tunnels tion Page 36 of 48 Tunneling Code of Practice onmsrsneeuenesocare TS) Ne “Thi Orai 4 7 Appendix 3\)Schedule of deliverabies| j | Tunnelling Page 38 of 48 Code of Practice“bondeig Jo spo fa puns 8430 6E abieg Suqyauuny, Seunszour yoddns punoiS pus uojjeaeoxs jo joutssecsy Jeubiseq Audosoyues yoddng pue uo) J0}98N1U0D Aq papInosd yeu wy Lotro aaa YeUbisep ou fq pabesinue oa via Jo woqseihicey {eufiseq —_uowoyoeds eourwuopod wal eae s Pus WilBet| Bunyan Ayiqeionunsuog Jo yuotussessy- seubiseq menney Ajaeionisuog? — -9'g eBewen Jo jars} panioaied ‘eunsadxa Auec pity nuep| feubiseg — Ruedotg Aves py soainpeyss — Syrg O19 ‘sworshs Yo ‘sondosojyd ‘(ouosied PUB oie1odio2) J0UB|sep J0 eoueyedxa pue suoHeo}enb Jo ualysuossy ros seubjseq WoWeIEIS poYoW Ubje>q —Byg sivewya ubisop seynuepi seubiseq ainpeyos ubjsaq apg ‘S04 jo edoos sa) Joroenuagaueny Pugublsq — Ze6 [Noissa7 Iu09 Jo jUeuissessy sio1epuey juouissessy His gg 'PW ‘spoYjau YoHOMAISUOD SeyljuEp) siavepuas StuewisreIs poyioy| Ao gag ‘suoppuaD Se 0} poen oq 0} pue exedaid 108 “weKo au fq peredard 2q 01, StorePNeL two ——_/BUoNIpUED BoUBLBIaH PUNO —_g-g OIL JO [end] Jo WaLUSsasay way, woeueUNEC WeUED YEE (Bovis INSWaEnSoHE NOOAUISNOD ue JsuyeBe peryeunjoueg uaeq onel pajaajo9 suONce Pu obs Ato uo 1 poasosse sex yey uoonsisuooieutexejevoroay JeuB}9eq Buin J wes oweiesdsot4y pue uonebnsony, ipued punouG ou jo wuowssessy Suondo jojuswssessy yey gy 10 f0n9) otf 404 joa & YEB ‘su ee uonesisondl ous erg Weooid ou iy ' Goren juewtoSeuews yu pue sonjosigo yoy ‘edoog Jo waussesay meng A2H0d ste) uoyoniv yg Vows insmao7siag oSpoHs5 SASS area Sige ogy FESR [SaBeRoy dara Gaeiniaay Sema) a | Sa gvuaATTad 30 TMGaHOS stounsuy(rev rer) gene SP oe penne oRDBI Jo apo 1a paras 8b 40 OF acy Suypeuuny SuotPojcus cue ‘ssojeuezed uBicop 0} seBueyo ‘P26n 04.01 spourou vy buayo us}sop jeuHO wos Suoperoe oipeueg ——_sjesodos Susourbug Feo. 2o}geNueD ui ¥LOL soyaesqu0D big equ EOL soenuog uel A bor voioenueg, uel Alojeg pur 1 eon 010244 tg0q pardaose uo.ino 0} Supuow s|sojoeuog Hep! ot Bos ulm oste pue joenuog eu yo Wveuleipibe, 71) ee. 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