Republic of the Philippines

BICOL UNIVERSITY
Gubat CAMtPUS
Gubat, Sorsogon
AY 2022-2023, 2nd semester

Name: Fatima Escora

Course & Year : BEED-3B
Subject: Technology in Teaching and Learning 2
Professor/Instructor: Kevin J. Del Monte

Characteristics of an Effective and Efficient Instructional Tools

I. ACTIVITY
The following questions will be raise during the discussion of the reporter:
 What are the importance of choosing the best instructional materials in teaching and
learning process
 What are the things that needs to consider in preparing the instructional materials
 What are the characteristics of Instructional Tools
 What is the concept of Universal Design?
 What are the 7 principles of Universal Design?

II. ABSTRACTION
“Using technology is not enough to learn mathematical or scientific skills. An effective ICT-based
instructional material is a well-planned and a well-designed one.”

Meaning:
 This means that the preparation of the IMs must be planned very well and it must be ensured
that they are developed to meet the learning objectives of the mathematics or science class.
 Having access to technology is not enough, but mathematics teachers need to be
knowledgeable and skilled in determining when and how technology can enhance students'
learning. (NCTM, 2020)


Characteristics Of instructional tools

#1. Enhances Instructional Effectiveness
#2. Promotes Active Learning
#3. Develops Critical Thinking
#4. Accommodates Differentiated Instruction
#5. Motivating
#6. Multisensory

Universal Design for Learning (UDL)

  The concept of UDL is a very important concept in preparing instructional tools in teaching
mathematics and science.
 The concept stemmed originally from the UD principles, as well as from research in
neuroscience on how the brain leans (Rose & Meyer 2002).
 Learning differs among individuals and in every development.

Universal Design for Learning

 According to Dalton et al. (2019) universal design for learning applies the concepts of
accessibility and inclusion beyond physical environments to design teaching and learning
opportunities in ways that are varied, accessible and engaging for all students, including those
with differing needs and/or disabilities.
 In this way, appealing to the broadest range of diversity in our student populations, the
framework of UDL strives to remove discriminatory practices, as the learning needs of most
students are taken into account when instruction is designed.

7 Principles of Universal Design

(Ronald Mace and group in the North Carolina State University)

Principle 1: Equitable Use

Principles 2: Flexibility in Use
Principle 3: Simple and Intuitive Use
Principles 4: Perceptible Information
Principle 5: Tolerance for Error
Principle 6: Low Physical Effort
Principles 7: Size and Space for Approach and Use

III. ANALYSIS

Being familiar with these characteristics of instructional tools and principles of Universal Design
we can assure that the teaching and learning process is anchored based on the curriculum, and cater's
all the needs of the learners. As a a pre-service teacher also we need to put in mind that the resources
that we will be integrate will give students the opportunity to engage in hands-on learning experiences
that help them build concepts and abilities and work in a number of ways.

Remember that the purpose and importance of teaching and learning materials is to make
lessons interesting, learning easy and enable teachers to easily express concepts, so we should extend to
be on the same path and direction

IV. APPLICATION
 Every teacher can achieve effective teaching and learning processes by having a sufficient
awareness of and familiarity with the characteristics of instructional materials. With these, teachers do
not just ensure that they can deliver all of the lessons effectively, but they also check to see if the
students are engaged, enjoying what they are learning, and getting the information they require
depending on the curriculum. When instructing a class, instructional resources are absolutely essential.
These resources aid teachers in improving their organization and facilitating their teaching methods. Yes
indeed, instructional materials provide the basis for what learners will experience and learn. But
remember, it holds the power to either engage or demotivate learners. Without any prior knowledge of
its proper usage and without considering its effectivity, we may fail to achieve its main purpose.
Therefore, instructional materials must be carefully planned, selected, organized, refined, and used.

More than this, we can also take a look into the teaching strategy known as universal design for
learning (UDL) that aims to meet the requirements and skill levels of every student while also removing
needless barriers to learning. Because this means that the greatest thing that a teacher must
incorporate in the classroom setting is the idea of creating a flexible learning environment for students
where knowledge is delivered in a number of ways, and students are given choices about when or how
they can display their understanding in a variety of means. If we successfully establish and carry out a
well defined classroom setting, we can guarantee the efficient implementation of a quality education for
all.

UDL is comparable to universal instructional design and universal design for learning. All three
support inclusive and accessible teaching strategies that cater to the needs and skills of every learner.