Ch1: English grammar and its usage

Part of Speech: Noun, Pronoun, adjective, verb,adverb,

prepositions, conjunction, interjections .

I] nouns: nouns are divided into common & proper

nouns.
 Common Noun: they are names given in common to
all people, places or things of same class. Eg- bank,
shop, school,etc.
 Collective Noun: common nous include collective
nous as well. The collective noun names a group of
people, animal or things regarded as whole. Eg-
School of Fish, bundle of notes, etc.
 Proper Names: they are the names of people, places
or things. Eg- India, Max, Advit, etc.

II] Pronouns: They are used in place of nouns, they may

be personal or relative.
 Personal pronoun: they are used to represent a
person or things. Eg- I, we, you,us,him,them,they,etc
 Relative pronouns: the most common relative
pronouns are whom,that,which,etc. A relative
pronoun acts as an conjunction & pronoun at the
same time.Eg- this is the boy who saved my life.
 Possessive Pronouns: THese show possession over
things or places or people. Eg- mine, ours, yours,
their, its, hers, etc.

III] Adjective: These are the words to describe or point

out a person, an animal, a place, or thing which the
noun names, or to tell the number and quantity is
called an adjective.Eg- Rani is a cleaver girl! (girl of what
kind?), He gave me seven books ( how many books?).
Two or more words can be joined using a hyphen to
form a compound adjective . Eg- This is a governmetn-
financed school, This is a self-aided college,etc.

IV] Verb: It is a word that tells or asserts something

about a thing, person, place or action.
A Verb may tells us:
 What is done to a person or thing: Ram is beaten to
death, The door is broken, Sakura is dumped in trash
can.
 What a person or thing is: The boy is hurt, The chair is
broken, I feel sad,etc
 What a person or thing does: Rohit runs, The bell
rings, etc.

V] Adverb: Adjectives adds or qualifies meaning of

nouns but, adverbs modify the meaning not only of
verbs , but also of adjectives,preposition,conjunctions.
Eg- Small investors find it very difficult to invest wisely.
(here “very” modifies the adjective “difficult” &
“wisely” modifies the verb“invest”. )
Eg- The CEO is an exceptionally smart manager
(here “exceptionally modifies “smart” which is
adjective)
Eg- The Cash Counter is right behind you.
(here adverb “right” modifies preposition “behind”.)
Eg- We have given this book to you only because you are
a good reader.
(here adverb “only” modifies the conjunction
“because”.)

VI] Conjunction: