University of Technology

Production Engineering and

Metallurgy

Production
Department

‫ محمد فاخر عبد الصاحب‬: ‫االسم‬

‫ الرابع‬: ‫الصف‬
‫ تصميم القوالب – عملي‬: ‫المادة‬
 punch and die : ‫العنوان‬

; punch and die

Punch and die is a type of cutting tool equipment used in

punching and forging work, which is a metal forming process
that requires high heat. This process needs a 'punch' as a pusher
on the cutting workpiece, and the die is a secondary object that
.the punch pushes in

Blanking

Manufacturers use blanking to punch pieces in specific shapes

from sheets or strips of raw material. The punched-out piece is
called the “blank,” hence the term “blanking.” Blanking is most
often performed with tools made from hardened steel or carbide,
which work on metals like aluminum, carbon steel, stainless
steel, and even plastic.

Blanking has many benefits, but manufacturers must take some

considerations into account before embarking on a full course of
metal blanking. Although this process is a quick and cost-
effective way to produce a large number of identical pieces, these
punched-out pieces may have burrs or cracks on the edges.
However, these drawbacks can be avoided by using high-quality
tools, and they can be corrected by post-processing the blanks.

Although blanking sounds simple, this basic option can

.accommodate many variations. A full overview continues below
The product be like this after a blanking process
Benefits of Blanking

Machinery used for blanking ranges from simple punches and

dies to sophisticated CNC machinery. Blanking equipment can
quickly be configured to end product specifications, and the
process itself takes little time per part as it involves simply
feeding the primary metal stock continuously into the blanking
machine.

Because of this, blanking can perform long production runs that

require little or no changes to the machinery or base material. The
straightforward process also allows you to construct materials to
strict tolerances with little part-to-part variation, and technology
has become so sophisticated that it can build multiple geometries
using a single process.

Furthermore, because the primary metal stock can be reused,

blanking can help manufacturing firms reduce their material
waste. Due to these benefits, blanking is commonly used to mass
produce components for industries such as aerospace and
automobile manufacturing. It’s also used for high-volume
fabrication of parts for common household appliances
Different Types of Blanking Methods

While the fundamentals of the blanking process are simple,

they have many variations, which we describe below:

1. Compound Die Stamping

This type of blanking is used to precisely manufacture complex
steel parts. In this process, workers or automated equipment feed
a steel strip through the stamping machine, which punches out a
blank every three seconds. This simple, precise, and fast
technique enables firms to produce steel components in bulk.
 2. Continuous Strip Blanking
As implied by the name, continuous strip blanking continuously
feeds metal substrates through a machine. This allows punching
machines to produce uniform end products around the clock, with
each product having the same characteristics of those before and
after it. This process is a great way to develop coins, bottle caps,
and medallions.

3. Progressive Die Stamping

Progressive die stamping uses coiled strips of thin flat metal as its
base material. In this process, progressive die machines
sequentially stamp, trim, and bend workpieces to make the
finished parts, which exit the machine in conjoined strips. After
performing this task, the machine separates individual parts from
the strip, which results in the creation of several identical parts.
 4. Square Sheared Blanking
Square sheared blanking is a fine process that uses specialized
clamping tools to produce square-edged and contoured blanks.
This process is a great way to create panels, casings, and any
other component that requires a uniform square shape.
 1. Cutoff
This process combines metal cutting and metal blanking
procedures to create highly specialized blanks. When cutoff
blanking, manufacturers blank metal sheets and then cut the
metal at the sheets, allowing the production of long, flat pieces

Best Materials to Use When Blanking

performs blanking on carbon steel, stainless steel, and aluminum.

Each material brings unique properties to the process, which we
explore below.

1. Carbon Steel
Metalworkers use carbon steel to make industrial equipment and
household tools like knives because of this material’s exceptional
strength and hardness. Carbon steel’s hardness varies depending
on the amount of carbon present within it, and the higher the
carbon content, the harder the alloy is.

Carbon content in carbon steel ranges from 0.8% to 2.11%, and

the typical value is about 1.5%. Carbon steel is more cost
effective than other materials of comparable hardness, thus
making it a popular raw material to use as a substrate.

2. Stainless Steel

Stainless steel has low carbon content but a large amount of

chromium, which ranges from 10% to 30% of the final material.
This chromium content makes stainless steel highly resistant to
corrosion and heat.

Stainless steel may also incorporate other metals like aluminum,

copper, and titanium to enhance various attributes, and even
nonmetals like phosphorous and sulfur can be used to improve
resistance to certain types of corrosive substances. Stainless steel
is thus a versatile alloy that can take on a variety of uses
depending on its composition.

3. Aluminum
Aluminum’s softness and flexibility make it very suitable. In fact,
aluminum is the most common metal used to create industrial and
household products because of this material’s low cost, ease of
extraction, and properties like lightness, durability, and recycling
potential.

For these reasons, many applications in the automotive,

aerospace, energy, and packaging industries use aluminum in
large quantities. Aluminum is a very cost-effective way to
produce high volumes of components

.
:Sources

https://unipunch.com/system-capabilities/typical-work-done/
/ blanking
/https://www.ohiovalleymfg.com/blog/blanking
https://www.toptechdiamond.com/what-is-punch-and-die/
#:~:text=Punch%20and%20die%20is%20a,that%20the%20punch
.%20pushes%20in