CSWIP 3.

1 Homework : Leading Multiple Choice Questions

Paper 2

Name: ……………………………….…………………………. Date: ……………………

1 The maximum hardness in the HAZ of a steel will increase if:

a Heat input is increased.

B CEV is increased.
c Joint thickness is decreased.
d Basic electrodes are used.

1a With reference to the previous question, what else can also cause this condition?

a. Low heat input

b. Slow travel speed
c. High pre heat temperatures
d. High amperages

2 Initiation of a TIG arc using a high frequency spark may not be allowed because it:

a Often causes tungsten inclusions.

a Can damage electronic equipment.
b Is an electrical safety hazard.
c Often causes stop/start porosity.

2a With reference to the previous question, what does this function help with?

a. Cathodic cleaning
b. Penetration
c. Arc initiation
d. Crater filling

3 In friction welding, the metal at the interface when the joining occurs is described as
being in the:

a Liquid state.
b Intercritical state.
c Plastic state.
d Elastic state.

3a With reference to the previous question, what is the advantage of this welding
Process?

a. High deposition rate

b. Improved properties
c. Highly transportable
d. Bulk pack wire feed systems can be used
4 What four criteria are necessary to produce hydrogen induced cold cracking?

a Hydrogen, moisture, martensitic grain structure and heat.

b Hydrogen, poor weld profiles, temperatures above 200 oC and a slow cooling rate.
c Hydrogen, a grain structure susceptible to cracking, stress and a temperature
below 300oC.
d Hydrogen, existing weld defects, stress and a grain structure susceptible to
cracking.

4a With reference to the previous question, why is temperature important in this

Cracking mechanism?

a. At low temperatures the hydrogen is less mobile

b. At high temperatures the hydrogen is less mobile
c. At low temperatures grain growth occurs
d. At high temperatures more hydrogen is absorbed

5 Austenitic stainless steels are more susceptible to distortion when compared to ferritic
steels this is because:

a High coefficient of thermal expansion, low thermal conductivity.

b High coefficient of thermal expansion, high thermal conductivity.
c Low coefficient of thermal expansion, high thermal conductivity.
d Low coefficient thermal expansion, low thermal conductivity.

5a With reference to the previous question and the correct answer, do these features
make it more susceptible to hydrogen cracking?

a. It depends on the welding process

b. It does not harden on cooling therefore, no.
c. It depends on the CEV value
d. Pre heating will be critical to avoid hydrogen cracking

6 All weld tensile test:

a Is used to measure the ultimate tensile strength.

b Is used to measure the elongation of the sample.
c Is used to measure the yield strength of a sample.
d All of the above.

6a With reference to the previous question, what is the UTS of a material?

a. The maximum load applied

b. The point of failure
c. The proof stress of the material
d. Where permanent deformation has occurred
7 In the welding of austenitic stainless steels, the consumables and plate materials are
often specified to be low carbon content. The reason for this:

a To prevent the formation of cracks in the HAZ.

b To prevent the formation of chromium carbides.
c To prevent cracking in the weld.
d Minimise distortion.

7a With reference to the previous question, what is this type of mechanism know as?

a. Creep
b. Weld decay
c. Solidification cracking
d. Crevice corrosion

8 Essential variable:

a In a WPS may change the properties of the weld.

b In a WPS may influence the visual acceptance.
c In a WPS may require re-approval of a weld procedure.
d All of the above.

8a With reference to the previous question and the correct answer, which of the
following is not an essential variable?

a. Heat input
b. Current type
c. Cleaning method
d. Mode of metal transfer

9 In an all weld metal tensile test, the original test specimens gauge length is 50mm. After
testing the gauge length increased to 72mm, what is the elongation percentage?

a 44%.
b 144%.
c 69.4%.
d 2.27%.

9a With reference to the previous question, what is exactly being measured here?

a. Ultimate tensile strength

b. Yield strength
c. Ductility
d. Toughness

10 Which of the following will vary the most when varying the arc length using the MMA
welding process?

a Voltage.
b Amperage.
c Polarity.
d Both a and b.
10a With reference to the previous question and the correct answer, what is the
electrical characteristic referred to as for this process?

a. Flat characteristic
b. Constant voltage
c. Constant current
d. Variable amperage

11 An undesirable property of aluminium oxide residue is that it:

a Creates problems when welding in position (vertical, horizontal, overhead).

b It melts at a higher point than the aluminium
c Forms a slag
d Decreases weld pool fluidity.

11a With reference to the previous question and the correct answer, how can this
issue be overcome using the TIG process?

a. Use alternating current

b. Use Direct current negative polarity
c. Use Direct current positive polarity
d. All options can be used for this purpose

12 A welder qualified in the PG position would normally be qualified for welding:

a All diameters of pipe.

b Welding positions PA, PC, PG, and PF.
c In position PG only.
d All pipe wall thickness.

12a With reference to the previous question and the correct answer, why would this be
the case?

a. With certain diameter of pipes all diameters are approved

b. The arc characteristics and technique are unique to this welding position
c. Pipe thickness are not covered with approval ranges
d. Certain welding positions are very similar

13 A fabrication calls for the toes to be blended in by grinding. The most likely reason for
this is to…

a Make the weld suitable for liquid (dye) penetrant inspection

b Improve the fatigue life
c Reduce residual stresses
d Improve the general appearance of the welds
13a With reference to the previous question and the correct answer, this will reduce?

a. Internal stresses
b. Stress raisers
c. Longitudinal stresses
d. Tensile stresses

14 A carbon equivalent of 0.48%:

a Is high for carbon steel and may require a preheat temperature over 100 oC.
b Is insignificant for carbon steel and preheat will not be required.
c Is calculated from the heat-input formula.
d Is not a consideration for determining preheating temperatures.

14a With reference to the previous question, what could happen if pre heat was
required but was not carried out?

a. Possibility of martensite being formed

b. Possibility of hydrogen being formed
c. Possibility of solidification cracking
d. Possibility of lamellar tearing

15 Which of the following statements is true?

a The core wire of an MMA electrode has a lower melting point than the flux.
b Basic electrodes are preferred when welding is carried out in situations where
porosity free welds are specified.
c Rutile electrodes always contain a large proportion of iron powder.
d Cellulose electrodes may deposit in excess of 90ml of hydrogen per 100g of weld
metal.

15a With reference to the previous question and the correct answer, what’s unique
about these electrodes?

a. They are not hygroscopic

b. They have a high recovery rate
c. They have a stronger arc force
d. The core is made from a high grade steel

16 Preheat:

a Must always be carried out on steels.

b Need not be carried out if post weld heat is to follow.
c Is always carried out using gas flames.
d None of the above.
16a With reference to the previous question, what is needed to calculate pre heat?

a. CE value, thickness and heat input

b. CE value, hydrogen scale and heat input
c. CE value, heat input, hydrogen scale and combined thickness
d. Always pre heat to 250°C

17 Which element has the greatest effect on corrosion resistance?

a Manganese.
b Chromium.
c Carbon.
d Nickel.

17a With reference to the previous question and the correct answer, what other material
from those listed is used to make a cryogenic steel?

a. Manganese
b. Nickel
c. Carbon
d. Chromimum

18 Which of the following is the correct arc energy if the amps are 350, volts 32 and travel
speed 310 mm/minute.

a 2.16 kJ/mm.
b 0.036 kJ/mm.
c 2.61 kJ/mm.
d 0.36 kJ/mm.

18a With reference to the previous question and the correct answer, what would the answer
be if it were heat input using the TIG process?

a. 2.20 KJ/mm
b. 1.29 KJ/mm
c. 1.26 KJ/mm
d. 2.61 KJ/mm

19 Which of the following mechanical test(s) can give a quantitative measurement of

ductility?

a Tensile test.
b Bend test
c Nick break test.
d Both a and b.
19a With reference to the previous question, which tests are generally used for
welder qualifications?

a. Tensile and bend

b. Nick break and Tensile
c. Bend and nick break
d. They are all used

20 Which mechanical test can be used to measure the toughness of weld metal, HAZ and
parent metal?

a. Macro
b. Nick break
c. Hardness
d. Charpy

20a With reference to the previous question and the correct answer, what unit is
used to measure this test?

a. Vickers
b. N/mm²
c. PSI
d. Joules

21 Which of the following weld symbols in accordance with ISO EN 2553 represents a fillet
weld made on the other side?

a b

c d

21a With reference to the previous question and the correct answer, what else can
be shown on the weld symbol?

a. Leg length
b. Design throat
c. Depth of penetration
d. Both a and b
22 The principle purpose of a welder qualification test is to?

a. Test the skill of the welder

b. Assess the weldability of the materials
c. Decide which NDT method to use
d. Give the welder practice before doing production work

22a With reference to the previous question, which standard is usually used?

a. EN 15614
b. EN 2560
c. EN 2553
d. EN 9606

23 In accordance with ISO EN 2553 which of the following symbol best represents a
double J butt weld?

a b

c d

23a With reference to the previous question, what is the advantage of these type of
joints?

e. Easier access
f. Less weld metal
g. Easier to prepare
h. Stronger weld
24 Which of the following welding symbols would indicate the depth of penetration in
accordance with ISO EN 2553?

a b s10

c z10 d 10s

24a With reference to the previous question, does this penetration come through the
other side?

a. Yes, penetration always comes through

b. No, as it’s partial penetration
c. Depends if there is a root gap
d. No, as there is a backing bar
e.

25 How can you tell the difference between an EN/ISO weld symbol and an AWS weld
symbol?

a The EN/ISO weld symbol will always have the arrow side weld at the top of the
reference line.
b The EN/ISO symbol has the welds elementary symbol placed on the indication
line lying above or below the solid reference line to indicate a weld on the other
side.
c The EN/ISO symbol has a fillet weld leg length identified by the letter ‘a’.
d The EN/ISO symbol has a fillet weld throat thickness identified by the letter ‘z’.

25a With reference to the previous question, how does EN/ISO weld symbols show the
welding position?

a. These are shown on the WPS

b. Most of the joints will be in the flat position
c. By using the letters PA, PB etc
d. Where the arrow points determines the welding position
26 A fabrication procedure calls for the toes of a weld to be blended in by grinding. The
reason for this is to?

a. Make the weld suitable for dye penetrant testing

b. Reduce stress raisers
c. Reduce residual stresses
d. Improve the overall appearance

26a With reference to the previous question, what is trying to be avoided?

a. Fatigue failure
b. Distortion
c. Shrinkage strains
d. Internal stresses

27 What would the number 136 placed at the end of the reference line indicate on a welding
symbol in accordance with ISO EN 2553?

a MMA welding process.

b MIG welding process.
c FCAW welding process.
d MAG welding process.

27a With reference to the previous question and the correct answer, what is typical of this
Process?

a. It uses a flux
b. It uses an inert gas
c. It uses a solid wire
d. It uses Helium as a shielding gas

28 For full penetration single sided butt joints, root bead penetration and profile are
mainly influenced by?

a. Root face
b. Bevel angle
c. Root gap
d. Included angle

28a With reference to the previous question, which of the following would not influence
penetration?

a. Electrode size
b. Large included angle
c. Root face
d. Amperage
29 In the AWS standard for welding symbols which of the following is true.

a The elementary welding symbol is always place below the reference line to
indicate a site weld.
b The elementary welding symbol is always placed above the reference line to
indicate a weld made on the arrow side.
c The elementary welding symbol can be placed above or below the reference line
to indicate a weld made on the other side.
d The elementary welding symbol is always placed below the reference line to
indicate a weld made on the arrow side.

29a With reference to the previous question, how would it show that the TIG welding
process should be used?

a. 141
b. AWS does not show the process
c. GTAW
d. TIG

30 Impact test:

a Is a destructive test used to measure weld zone hardness.

b Is a mechanical test used to determine a welds resistance to creep.
c Is a dynamic test, which is used to give a measure of notch toughness.
d All of the above.

30a With reference to the previous question and the correct answer, what can have the
greatest effect on the outcome of the test?

a. Heat input
b. Joint design
c. Excess penetration
d. Excess weld metal