The Importance of Manufacturing

🤓🤠

The manufacturing sector is considered the backbone of development duc to the

following reasons :

1 .

Manufacturing industries help in

modernising agriculture as It provides jobs in
secondary and tertiary
sectors

2 .
😃
Helps in the eradication of unemployment and poverty

.
3 Export of manufactured
goods expands trade and commerce , and brings in much needed forign exchange

Y .

Helps in
prospering the
country by giving a boost to the Economy

Contribution of industry to National economy

the trend to growth rate in manufacturing Over the last decade has been around 7 % pen annum .

Industrial location
Industrial
-
M ↑
locations influenced by the availability of :

I
are

Madhai -

Mazza
Raw material

·
1

2 Labour

3 Capital sus For

4 Power MORE

5 market

6 Gout ,
policies

Manufacturing activity tands to locate at the most appropriate place where all the factors of industrial

location are either available or can be arranged at a lower cost the

fly below shows the industry
market Inkage
In puts
Raw materials and lor component
parts factors of production land,
labour, Capital, entrepreneurs
infrastructure

Transport
V

Factory
↓
Output’s
(Produced)
↓
Transport Money
↓

Market

No this graph is only for understanding and does not come and the board exam nation
Classification
😎
of industries
Agro-based industries
Cotton ,
Jute ,
Silk ,
woolen textiles , sugar and adibte Oil ,
etc industries are based on Agricultural raw

materials
. Let's know about each of them
,
One by one

🤠
Textile industry

It self-reliant
is the
only industry in India which is and complete in the value chain means :
-

From raw material to the highest value added products It contributes to industrial production
Employment generation and forign exchange cannings

Note: Cotton textile,jute textile ,sugar industry is excluded from the syllabus

Mineral -based industries

Industries that use raw materials as raw materials are called mineral based industries

Aluminium Smelting
Aluminium is the second important metallurgical industry India used to manufacture
Smelting in It is

utensils and wires .

Bauxite is the raw material used in the smelters

Aluminium .

Smelting has Gained popularity as a substitute for steel , copper , zine and lead in a no

of industries it has the following properties

0
light in
weight
I
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Radhai I -
↑
-
Mazza
Resistant to commosion

E-SUBSCRI
Ale
·

·
Good conductor of Heat
·
-
-
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I

BE
Malleable
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0
For
Becomes when it is mixed with other metals
o
strong MORE
🧪
Chemical
🧪
industries

The Chemical industry comprises both large and small scale manufacturing units

Rapid Growth has been recorded in both

monganic and organic sectors

Inorganic Chemicals
:

sulphuric and ,
Nitric and ,
Alkalies
,
Soda ash and caustic Soda

Organic chemicals : Petrochemicals which are used to

manufacturing synthetic fibre ,
Rubber , plastic , dye
Fertilizer industry
The fertilizer industries are centered around the production of nitrogenous fertilizers (mainly Unca)

phosphatic fertilizers and ammonium Phosphate (DAD) and Complex fertilizers which have combination

😎of Nitrogen (N)

, Phosphate CP) and Potash

Gyrat ,
Tamil Nadu ,
Uttar Pradesh , Punjab and Kerala contribute towards half of the production

Automobile industry
This industry deals with the manufacturing of trucks ,
buses ,
cars
, motorcycles ,
scooters ,
three-wheelers

and multi-utility rechicles

These industries are located around Delhi , Gurugram ,

Mumbai ,
Pune ,
Cheenai ,
Kolkata Lucknow indore
,

Hyderabad , Jumshedpur and

Bengaluru

Information Technology and Electronics industry

😃
The electronics industry covers a wide range of Products from transistor sets to television , telephones

cellular telecom ,
telephone exchange ,
radars , comporters and
many
other equipment Required by the

telecommunication industry

This of
industry has generated employment in India , Bengaluru is known as the electronic capital
india

Note - iron and steel and Cement industry is excluded from the syllabus

Industrial Pollution and Environmental Degradation

Industries arc
responsible for H types of Pollution

1 Air : -
caused by the presence of a
high proportion of undesirable gases ,
such as sulphur dioxide and

cambon monoxide

Smokie amitted Chemical and

paper factories brick Refineries and smelting plants and
by ,
kils ,
,

burning of fossil fuel leads to air pollutions it adversely affect human health ,
Animals , plants

buildings and the atmosphere

2 water pollution : caused by Organic and industrial wastes and affluents discharged into
morganic
rivers

The industries which are mainly responsible for water pollution are paper , pulp ,
Chemical ,
textile

and dycing , petroleum , tanneries and

alectroplating industries

-i
.
3 Thermal pollution Water occurs water from factories and thermal drained
: ·
when hot plants is into rivers

and ponds before cooling

4 harmful of human
Noise pollution Is the propagation of noise with impact on the activity OR Animal
. : -

life .
It results in Imitation . Anger ,
cause Heating impairment ,
increased heart Rate

and blood pressure

Control of Environmental Degradation

Here are some
ways through which industrial pollution can be reduced

1 of water
.

Minimising the use by reusing and recycling it .

.
2 meet
Harvesting rainwater to water Requirements

3 .

Treatm not water and effrcnts before realeasing them in rivers and ponds

4 . Particulate matter in the air can be reduced by fitting smoke stacks

5 be reduced
smotic can
by using oll or
gas instead

HaK
&

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