HIS PAPER CONSISTS OF 7 PAGES.

INSTRUCTIONS
1. Answer ALL 5 questions.
2. All questions must be answered in the answer book.
3. The use of a calculator is not permissible.
4. NOTE that the MCQs in Question 1 must be answered in the answer book.

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SECTION A: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS [20 MARKS]

Answer these questions by writing your option in the provided answer book. Write down only the
number of question and the letter representing the most appropriate response, for example 1.1.e

QUESTION 1 [20 Marks]

1.1 The response of the DBMS to a query is the _____.

a. ad hoc query

b. ad hoc response

c. query result set

d. integrated view of the data

1.2 Which of the following is a disadvantage of the hierarchical data model?

a. It does not promote data sharing.

b. It is not efficient with 1:M relationships.

c. It does not promote data integrity.

d. It does not have standards.

1.3 Which discipline focus on the proper generation, storage and retrieval of data?

a. Data Manipulation

b. Data Management

c. Data Storage

d. Information Management

1.4 The first step in building an entity-relationship diagram (ERD) is _____.

a. developing the initial ERD.

b. creating a detailed narrative of the organization’s description of operations.

c. identifying the attributes and primary keys that adequately describe the entities.

d. identifying the business rules based on the description of operations.

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1.5 Which one of the following database management systems does not support Analytical data usage?

a. MS Access

b. MySQL

c. SAP HANA

d. IBM DB2

1.6 “PASSENGER boards BUS” depicts which relationship?

a. One-to-one

b. One-to-many

c. Many-to-many

d. None of the above

1.7 The conflicts between design efficiency, information requirements, and performance are often
resolved through _____.

a. compromises that include normalization.

b. compromises that include denormalization

c. conversion from 2NF to 3NF

d. conversion from 3NF to 4NF

1.8 Which statement is NOT correct about database design?

a. It refers to the activities that focus on the design of the database structure.

b. A good database is that one that meets the minimum design specifications.

c. A well designed database facilitates data management and generates accurate and valuable
information.

d. Designing a transitional database emphasizes accurate and consistent data and operational
speed.

1.9 The HAVING clause does which of the following?

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a. Acts like a WHERE clause but is used for groups rather than rows.

b. Acts like a WHERE clause but is used for rows rather than columns.

c. Acts like a WHERE clause but is used for columns rather than groups.

d. Acts EXACTLY like a WHERE clause.

1.10 The wildcard in a WHERE clause is useful when?

a. An exact match is necessary in a SELECT statement.

b. An exact match is not possible in a SELECT statement.

c. An exact match is necessary in a CREATE statement.

d. An exact match is necessary in a CREATE statement.

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SECTION B: STRUCTURED QUESTIONS [80 MARKS]

Answer this section in the provided answer book

QUESTION 2 [34 MARKS]
2.1 Explain the following database terms and clarify with examples: [10]
a. Cardinality (2)
b. Derived attribute (2)
c. Multivalued attribute (2)
d. Ternary Relationship (2)
e. Data Dictionary (2)

2.2 Answer the following questions: [24]

a. Explain the two criteria that help a designer in determining when to use subtypes and
supertypes. (2)
b. Define an index. Explain the role of indexes in a relational database. (2)
c. Describe the three parts involved in any SQL-based relational database application. (6)
d. Describe the use of the INTERSECT operator. (2)
e. Explain the two SQL functions. (4)
f. What is a partial dependency? With what normal form is it associated? (3)
g. What three data anomalies are likely to be the result of data redundancy? How can such
anomalies be eliminated? (5)

QUESTION 3 [17 MARKS]

FIGURE 3.1 Initial Dependency Diagram for Problems 3.1.a – b

A B C D E F G

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3.1.a Break up the dependency diagram to create two new dependency diagrams, one in 3NF and one
in 2NF. (7)
3.1.b. Modify the dependency diagrams you created in Problem 3.1.a to produce a set of dependency
diagrams that are all in 3NF. To keep the entire collection of attributes together, copy the 3NF
dependency diagram from Problem 3.1.b and then show the new dependency diagrams that are
also in 3NF. (Hint: One of your dependency diagrams will be in 3NF, but not in BCNF.) (8)

3.2. When is a table in BCNF? (2)

QUESTION 4 [15 MARKS]

The FlyRight Aircraft Maintenance (FRAM) division of the FlyRight Company (FRC) performs all
maintenance for FRC’s aircraft. Produce a Crow’s Foot ERD segment that reflects the following
business rules:

 All mechanics are FRC employees. Not all employees are mechanics.

 Some mechanics are specialized in engine (EN) maintenance. Some mechanics are specialized in
airframe (AF) maintenance. Some mechanics are specialized in avionics (AV) maintenance.
(Avionics are the electronic components of an aircraft that are used in communication and
navigation.) All mechanics take periodic refresher courses to stay current in their areas of expertise.
FRC tracks all course taken by each mechanic—date, course type, certification (Y/N), and
performance.

 FRC keeps a history of the employment of all mechanics. The history includes the date hired, date
promoted, date terminated, and so on. (Note: The “and so on” component is, of course, not a real-
world requirement. Instead, it has been used here to limit the number of attributes you will show
in your design.)

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QUESTION 5 [14 MARKS]

5.1. The two tables below are part of a database for a consulting company that tracks all changes to
projects.

Given the structure and contents of the database shown in tables above, use SQL commands to answer
questions 5.1.a – d.

NOTE: All SQL syntax must be correct, missing characters will be penalized!
a. Write the SQL code to change the job code to 508 for the employees whose personnel numbers
are 103 and 106. (4)

b. Write the SQL code to delete the row for the person named David Senior, who was hired on 12
July 1989, and whose job code classification is 501. (Hint: Use logical operators to include all of
the information given in this problem. (7)

c. Write the SQL code that will restore the data to its original status; that is, the table should contain
the data that existed before you made the changes in Question 5.1.a. (1)

d. Write the SQL code to delete table JOB from the database. (2)

© UNISA 2018

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