 Rainbows, aren’t they beautiful?

Have you ever wondered how a

rainbow is created? It is a simple physical phenomenon
called dispersion of light.
What is Dispersion of Light?
When white light is passed through a glass prism it splits into its
spectrum of colors (in order violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow,
orange and red) and this process of white light splitting into its
constituent colors is termed as dispersion. The simplest way to
explain dispersion is through dispersion in the prism.
Prism Experiment
What is the significance of the dispersion of light into its spectrum
of colours?
Newton was the first to conduct this experiment on passing light
through a prism. He let sunlight pass through the prism expecting to
see the white light on the screen placed at the other side but
instead, he saw the spectrum of light after dispersion. He had a
small hunch regarding the significance here but decided to do
something else here to confirm it.
By controlling the size of the inlet, he allowed only one color (therefore
only one wavelength of light) of light to pass through the prism. Obviously,
the ray of light was refracted and didn’t undergo any further dispersion.
Therefore, he realized that different colors of the spectrum of light bend
differently as they have different wavelengths. He made the observation
that violet bent the most and red the least because of their shorter and
longer wavelengths respectively.