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Geography 02 - Class Notes - (NDA Foundation)
Geography 02 - Class Notes - (NDA Foundation)
❑ Chapter – Universe
4
Big bang theory
• The Big Bang Theory is the prevailing
cosmological model for the universe’s birth. It
states that 13.8 billion years ago, all of space
was contained in a single point of very high-
density and high-temperature state from which
the universe has been expanding in all
directions.
• It is believed that the first atom was formed
within 3 minutes of the Big Bang event. In the
next 300,000 years, the temperature dropped to
4226.85°C and gave rise to atomic matter, which
eventually became stars, planets.
• Condensation took place stars
• Planets are formed
• Distance between the star is measured by Light year.
• 𝟗. 𝟒𝟔𝟎𝟕 × 𝟏𝟎𝟏𝟓 𝒎
Q2
Consider the following statements about Light year: NDA 2021 02
1. Light year is a unit for measurement of very large distance.
2. Light year is a unit for measurement of very large time intervals.
3. Light year is unit for measurement of Intensity of light
C 1 and 2 D 1 only
Galaxy
• A galaxy is a system of stars, their planets , interstellar gas, dust,
bound together by gravity.
• The Milky Way is our home galaxy.
• The Milky Way is spirally shaped
Our Milky Way Galaxy has a supermassive black hole and its
centre is known as “Sagittarius A.”
Galactic revolution
Our solar system lies in a spiral shaped galaxy called “Milky way”.
The nearest galaxy from us(Earth) is called “Andromeda”.
Star
C Temperature
D Luminosity
Planets
B. Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
❑ Shape : Geoid
❑ Age : 4.5 billion year
❑ Satellite : Moon
❑ Minimum distance from sun : 147
million km
❑ Maximum distance from sun : 152
million km
❑ Radius : 6371 km
❑ Polar circumference : 40007
❑ Equatorial circumference : 40075
Other celestial bodies