OJT PRELIM

Lesson Proper for Week 1

LESSON PROPER

LET’S BEGIN

Academic institutions are faced with challenges particularly on the skills they produced which do not
match the needs of the industry. A significant number of graduates today are unable to fill the job
openings due to job-skill mismatch. A great number of these skills found lacking by companies are
taught in the academe that is, technical, human resource and conceptual skills. In addition to that,
these same skills can also be reinforced through on-the-job training programs.

On-the-job training (OJT) programs are course requirements providing an opportunity to apply the
theories, principles and ideas learned in the academe under supervision. These training programs
expose the students to work realities which will ideally hone their skills and prepare them once they get
out of the university or college. A study conducted by the People Management Association of the
Philippines (PMAP) in 2006, emphasized the importance of an effective on-the- job training program.
Achievement of the OJT program objectives ensures the possibility of good performer graduates. The
opposite will most likely produce poor performer graduates thus, promoting job-skill mismatch.
Hence, on-the-job training programs, vital as it is, should be dynamic and skill centered for the
students to effectively grasp the practical learning in the workplace.
Relative to this, a great number of universities and colleges utilize national government agencies
and private institutions as venues for their on-the-job training programs. Because of the importance of
on-the-job training programs, there is a need to ensure that students undertaking their training in
these private and public institutions are given skill-specific tasks and mentoring. Despite this
knowledge, there is an apparent lack of clear guidelines between the academe, the government and
participating industry partners in regards to specific learning objectives and training needs of students
endorsed to them (NGAs) for training. Moreover, malpractices in the government where students are
tasked to do menial, unstructured tasks downgrade the value and learning output of OJT programs. As
a result, companies and employment agencies find the new entrants lacking of the necessary skills
during the hiring process. This is true as well in the case of private corporations. In view thereof, it’s
vital that strategic agreements between the academe and the government as well as the academe
and private companies should be undertaken, focusing on the creation of clear objectives, clear
expectations, establish methods of learning verification and effective monitoring and implementation
specific to the on-the-job training programs.

On-the-job training isn’t always standard practice, but it can increase productivity and efficiency in
specific industries. Not only that, it can benefit the company as a whole, from reducing training costs to
creating more effective, motivated employees.
There are all types of learners: some are visual, some are hands-on, and some do better by reading
instructions. However, on-the-job training has incredible importance in today’s workforce. On-the-job
training allows employees to gain experience working in situations very similar to those they’ll
encounter on a daily basis. Employees will use the same tools and equipment they need for their job
while being guided by an experienced trainer. This allows employees to learn and practice their job
while still in training. Other training methods, like online training or seminars, only give employees basic
information rather than actual experience.

Lesson Proper for Week 2

LESSON PROPER

LET’S BEGIN

ON THE JOB TRAINING

On-the-job training (OJT) is a practical approach to acquiring new competencies and skills needed for a
job in a real, or close to real, working environment. It is often used to learn how to use particular tools
or equipment in a live-work practice, simulated, or training environment. Rather than showing
employees presentations or giving them worksheets, they learn about the job by doing it. This training
happens at the workplace, with guidance from a supervisor, manager, or another knowledgeable
employee. New employees that undergo on-the-job training get a firsthand look at all the work
procedures they can expect to encounter. They learn workplace expectations, equipment operation,
and any other skill they need to complete their job successfully. On-the-job training may take anywhere
from days to weeks or longer, depending on the tasks the job requires. Often, new employees start by
shadowing other employees and then move onto completing these tasks with supervision.
No matter what business you are in, on-the-job training (OJT) is an essential part of any employee’s
onboarding and development. But “sink or swim” onboarding is old school and puts your organization at
risk in our technical society. While the primary benefit of using OJT is to use existing resources to train
employees to do their jobs, it also has other organizational value. For example, studies have shown
that on-the-job training is strongly related to greater creativity and innovation, the achievement of
organizational objectives, and improvement in overall work quality. Other types of training methods,
such as simulations, classroom training, and online training are all useful for some types of training
(i.e., safety training, product knowledge, etc.), but research suggests some 80 to 90 percent of an
employee’s work skills are learned through OJT.A training program for students designed to immerse
them in a work environment relevant to their courses in the attempts to learn productivity in, knowledge
on, and respect for the workplace.
As discussed, on-the-job training programs are course requirements providing an opportunity to not
only apply the theories, principles and ideas learned in the academe but also enhance the technical
knowledge, skills and attitudes of students towards work necessary for satisfactory job performance.

On-the-job training programs also serve as a venue where students earn experience in career positions
relevant to their choice of academic degrees as well as open up other future career choices towards
gainful employment.

Training helps the student to improve performance at work place. Also it adds more diversified
experience and abilities while enriching the self- acquired proficiencies of the students. Training helps
to minimize the margin of errors at workplace and most importantly cuts short on the period of time
consumed in completing the work. On the Job Training (O.J.T.) means a training that occurs in a work
place. The student has to undergo O.J.T. for about 8 weeks (at least 300 hours) at exiting level. All
students must complete O.J.T. as a requirement for graduation with any of Diploma, Advanced
Diploma/ Bachelor .

On-the-job training is a form of job instruction that occurs directly at the worksite while the employee
learning is doing his or her job (or working alongside and learning from a more experienced worker).
During OJT, the inexperienced worker performs and/or observes real job tasks being performed in the
work area, using the real machines, equipment, tools, processes, and procedures. The goal of OJT is
to provide instruction and practice opportunity so that the inexperienced learner can develop the
knowledge, skills, and competencies required to perform the job tasks associated with his or her job
role.
OJT is not job training that takes place in a classroom, via a webinar, through eLearning courses,
and/or by reading written materials. Nor is it job training that occurs in an academic or university
setting.

Lesson Proper for Week 3

LESSON PROPER

LET’S BEGIN

OJT is a strategic employment service that supports the business community in their hiring process by
adding staff capacity, productivity and training at reduced costs to the Employer and is an excellent
vehicle for eligible Job Seekers to build their skills and re-establish their employment status. OJT
benefits Employers by reducing the cost of training new employees, the Employer designs the on-site
training, training is aligned with the skills required for the job and is a long term investment in the
company. OJT benefits the Job Seeker by providing an opportunity to “earn as they learn” in a hands-
on environment, acquire job and career advancement skills, and provides an opportunity for long-term
employment. The basic purpose of an OJT is to encourage public, private non-profit or private
Employers to hire an individual, or upgrade an eligible employed worker, who would not otherwise
qualify for the job and to teach the skills requisite to perform at the job. The OJT Service Provider
provides the Employer with a partial wage reimbursement for an agreed-upon training time period in
exchange for the provision of training by the Employer and a commitment to retain the individual when
the training is successfully completed. OJT is a hire-first program. The Trainee is a full-time, regular
employee of the company that has agreed to provide the training.

OJT Manual General Objectives

¨ Provide students with actual workplace experience, exposure to various management styles,
industrial and procedures of various occupations in relation to their respective fields of learning.
¨ Provide standards and guidelines for conducting OJTs such as amount of workload, number of
hours, learning objectives, monitoring scheme and sanctions;
¨ Clearly establish the roles and responsibilities of involved parties and provide for protocols
regarding different situations that may arise during the OJT;
¨ Promote the OJT program through standardized procedures that are uniform, manageable, and
practical so that more institutions will participate through;
¨ Promote and establish strategic agreements between the academe and the government as well
as the academe and private companies focusing on the creation of clear objectives, clear
expectations, establish methods of learning verification and effective monitoring and implementation
specific to the on-the-job training programs.

Lesson Proper for Week 4

LESSON PROPER

LET'S BEGIN
On-the-job training isn’t always standard practice, but it can increase productivity and efficiency in
specific industries. Not only that, it can benefit the company as a whole, from reducing training costs to
creating more effective, motivated employees.
On-the-job training allows employees to gain experience working in situations very similar to
those they'll encounter on a daily basis. Employees will use the same tools and equipment they need
for their job while being guided by an experienced trainer.
The internship is based on the requirements reflected in the program curriculum designed in such a
way that students will acquire basic concepts, attitudes, and skills and will have exposure to the
profession necessary for successful entrance and placement in the industry upon graduation. To
ensure that students will have a program-related and career-related work experience, students are
placed in training areas that are aligned with their course. The required number of hours to render
depends on the specific course of the student.

Admission requirements
¨ There should be a Memorandum of Agreement and Guidelines specifically outlining the role and
responsibilities of all concerned parties, training plan, learning objectives and method of evaluation
between the school and the partner institution/company/office.
¨ The student/trainee should submit a letter of indorsement from the school’s authorized personnel
confirming that s/he is indeed qualified to complete the on-the-job training program.
¨ The student/trainee should submit to the partner institution/company/office a copy of the waiver of
consent duly signed by his/her parent/guardian/ spouse, pledge of good conduct, bio-data and course
syllabus.

Lesson Proper for Week 5

LESSON PROPER

LET’S BEGIN

STUDENT/TRAINEE
¨ An admitted student/trainee shall abide by the rules and regulations set forth by the
institution/company/office where s/he is undergoing on-the-job training.
¨ The student/trainee should always observe discipline and right conduct.
¨ The student/trainee should wear the appropriate dress code.
¨ S/he should not engage in gambling, illicit activities, drinking intoxicating beverages and related
activities while at work or within the institution/ company/office premises.
¨ The student/trainee is expected to submit reports and requirements on time.
¨ The student/trainee should observe punctuality and attendance in reporting to his/her assigned
training area. S/he should accomplish the attendance recording sheet noted by the training supervisor.

PARENTS/GUARDIAN/SPOUSE
· The parents/guardian/spouse shall co-sign the training contract to manifest approval or consent
to the on-the-job training of their child/spouse.
· The parents/guardian/spouse shall also issue a waiver of consent.

HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION (HEI)/TECHNICAL VOCATIONAL INSTITUTION (TVI)

¨ The school/HEI/TVI shall formulate the on-the-job training policies and guidelines on the selection,
placement, monitoring and assessment of student/trainees.
¨ The school/HEI/TVI shall assign a regular faculty member, tenured and academically qualified as
Faculty Practicum Coordinator responsible for all aspects of the student internship programs including
program implementation, monitoring and evaluation.
¨ The school/HEI/TVI shall select the partner institution/company/office and ensure acceptability of
training design and venue in order to protect the student/trainee’s interest.
¨ The school/HEI/TVI shall develop in collaboration with the duly selected partner
institution/company/office a Training Plan, which will form part of training contract, for the student
trainee/ intern specifying goals and objectives, knowledge, skills and competencies that the student
trainee should acquire in each training area, assignments and schedule of activities, among others.
¨ The school/HEI/TVI shall also monitor and evaluate performance of student/ trainee jointly with the
partner institution/company/office based on the agreed training plan.
¨ The school/HEI/TVI shall monitor the student/trainee and immediately attend to his/her complaints
by coordinating with the partner institution/company/ office, CHED and other concerned government
authorities if necessary.
¨ The school/HEI/TVI also conducts initial visit/ inspection of their training partner organization to
ensure safety of students.

FACULTY PRACTICUM COORDINATOR

¨ The Faculty Practicum Coordinator shall be responsible for all aspects of the student internship
programs including program implementation, monitoring and evaluation.
¨ The Faculty Practicum Coordinator is expected to conduct an initial site visit to ensure that the
training facility is safe and conducive for the student/ trainee.
¨ The Faculty Practicum Coordinator is expected to review, orient, interpret and clarify to the
student/trainees the objectives of the on-the-job training program.
¨ It is the responsibility of the Faculty Practicum Coordinator to do a regular monitoring of the
student/trainees under him/her to check on their overall performance and discuss with the On-Site
Supervisor to further improve the OJT program. This will ensure immediate resolution of
student/trainee’s concerns, if there is, as well as provide an opportunity to evaluate the OJT program
and follow up on the progress of the student/trainee.
¨ S/he should also meet with his / her students regularly on periodic examination schedules for
student feedback on their respective assignments to validate complaints concerns of both parties, if
any.
¨ S/he should also be available for consultation with the student/trainee and provide coaching and
counseling assistance, if needed.
¨ S/he is also responsible in evaluating the student/trainee’s reports, self- evaluation and will give
the final grade taking into consideration the evaluation of the On-Site Supervisor.

PARTNER OJT INSTITUTION

¨ The partner institution/company/office shall be responsible in providing actual on-the-job training
(OJT) to the student/trainee.
¨ The partner institution/company/office shall be responsible in assigning the student/trainee to any
department during the duration of the OJT requiring for exposure to actual work. The OJT schedule
shall be determined by the partner institution/company/office in coordination with the student/trainee
and the school’s assigned practicum supervisor.
¨ Work assignments to the student/trainee should be clearly explained by the partner
institution/company/office to ensure that the duties, role and responsibilities of the student/trainee is
clearly defined and outlined.
¨ The partner institution/company/office shall assign a focal person to serve as On-Site Supervisor
who will monitor the student/trainee’s overall work performance including demeanor, competence and
professionalism.
¨ The partner institution/company/office shall conduct an evaluation of the student/trainee’s overall
performance based on the agreed standards or requirement with the school.
¨ The partner institution/company/office shall issue a Certificate of Completion to the student/trainee
upon completion of the on-the-job training program.

ON-SITE SUPERVISOR

¨ The On-Site Supervisor is responsible in providing the student/trainee with opportunities to work
with the specific department or area where they can best apply the theories, principles and ideas
learned in the academe.
¨ S/he will also be responsible in coordinating with the different departments of the partner
institution/company/office where the student/trainee will report.
¨ S/he is responsible in supervising the student/trainee for the duration of the on-the-job training
program.
¨ S/he will also facilitate the evaluation of the student/trainee’s performance using the agreed upon
standard or requirement of the school/HEI.
¨ S/he will regularly meet with the Faculty Practicum Coordinator to discuss his/her evaluation,
observations and other issues that may arise for the duration of the on-the-job training program. This
will also be an opportunity to discuss the program of the student/trainee.
¨ S/he will prepare the evaluation of the student/trainee, upon completion of the on-the-job training
program and submit such evaluation to the Faculty Practicum Coordinator.