Mambusao East National High School, Atiplo, Mambusao, Capiz

Growth Performance of Pechay (Brassica Pekinensis L.) as

affected by different levels of Complete Fertilizer (Triple
14)

Researchers:
Jamella Claire T. Lebuna
Mikee R. Legaspi
Larah Janyne V. Aguirre
Staniel Iyachie Lusanta

Presented to:

Dave Lantoria
Research Teacher
 Chapter I

Introduction

Background of the Study

Pechay (Brassica pekinesis L.) is one of the common

leafy vegetable crops grown in the Philippines belonging to

the family cruciferae. Vegetables are important and

substantial source of food that significantly contributes to

the quality of our diet because it provides variety of

nutrients. Various parts of enumerable kinds and vegetables

make meals of staple food appetizing because of their flavor

and even pleasing to the eyes (Abbey et al.2001).

The major nutritional contributions of vegetables to

the human diet are vitamins A and C as source or iron and

calcium needed by the human body. Present farmers of limited

area preferably those that are in the upland always decided

to earn their income for living through vegetable gardening

(Abbey et al.2001).

The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of

different levels of complete fertilizer (triple 14)

application on the growth performance of Pechay (Brassica

pekinensis L.) and determine the effective treatment to the

growth performance of Pechay (Brassica pekinensis L.) using

different levels of complete fertilizer (triple 14).

Objectives of the Study

Specifically, this study sought to achieve the

following research objectives:

1. To determine if greater amount of complete

fertilizer (triple 14) affect the growth performance

of pechay (Brassica pekinensis L).

2. To determine the effective treatment to the growth

performance of Pechay (Brassica pekinensis L.) using

different levels of complete fertilizer (triple 14).

Significance of the Study

This study will be proven to have a vital role to each

individual and benefits to the following people:

Farmers, the result of this study would be beneficial

to the farmers for them to know the effect of different

levels Complete Fertilizer (Triple 14) on the Pechay

(Brassica pekinesis L.)

Family, the result of this study would be beneficial to

every family because there are some families who plant

pechay as a source of their food. Therefore, this study

would provide them an idea on how to grow Pechay (Brassica

pekinesis L.) more successfully using different levels of

Complete Fertilizer (Triple 14).

Students, the result of this study would be beneficial

to students because some of the students especially those

who are studying agriculture or those elementary pupils who

do the gardening. This study could help them acquire

knowledge about how to plant and grow Pechay (Brassica

pekinesis L.) using different levels of complete fertilizer

(triple 14).

Future researchers, this study would be beneficial to

them if they will decide to conduct another research related

on this study.

Scope and Delimitations

 This study is focused on finding out if complete

fertilizer (triple 14) is effective on the growth

performance of Pechay (Brassica pekinesis L.) and determine

the effective treatment to the growth performance of Pechay

(Brassica pekinesis L.) using different levels of complete

fertilizer (triple 14) but focused only on finding out the

mean of the results. The research design that would be used

in this study is experimental design. This study was

conducted on May 24, 2023 – June 17, 2023 at Poblacion

Tabuc, Mambusao, Capiz.

Definition of Terms

To enhance the understanding of the terms used in this

study, the following are hereby conceptually and

operationally defined:

Pechay (Brassica pekinesis L.) – is refer to any of several

brassicas with a short stem usually green leaves that is

used as a vegetable (Merriam – Webster Dictionary, 2018). In

this study Pechay (Brassica pekinesis L.) refers to a

vegetable grown for its tender and succulent leaves

(Madulid, 2001, p.46).

Fertilizer - is refer to a substance (such as manure or a

chemical mixture) used to make a soil more fertile (Merriam-

Webster Dictionary, 2018).

Growth – is refer to a stage in the process of growing

(Merriam Webster Dictionary, 2018). In this study, growth

refers to the measure of the length and width of the leaves

of a plant and the number of growing leaves.

Effective – successful in producing a desired or intended

result.

Treatment – the conditions applied to one or more groups

that are expected to cause change in some outcome or

dependent variable.
 CHAPTER II

Review of Related Literature

Pechay (Brassica chinensis Linn.) is a vegetable grown

for its tender and succulent leaves. Its English name is

Chinese cabbage, or celery cabbage, a plant related to the

mustard and cabbage family (Madulid, 2001, p.46). Pechay

requires sufficient irrigation. It should be grown in areas

where rainfall is well distributed throughout the year,

especially if it is to be raised on commercial basis. It

grows during both the rainy and dry seasons, although it

grows best during the cool months of the year. In order to

make them grow faster, the soil around them should be

cultivated and kept constantly moist (Westerfield, n.d.).

Pechay is a short-season crop; one can have several

harvests of the year. Pechay is not very choosy as to where

it should be grown. It can be grown throughout the

Philippines, whether in small scale or extensively for

commercial purposes (Avenir, n.d.).

Pechay is a leafy vegetable that needs regular watering

and the soil should be all drained, highly fertile, friable

and rich in organic matter. Pechay should not be exposed to

strong winds, especially when they are maturing, because

strong wind can either uproot the plant or destroy its

leaves. Neither should it be exposed to extreme heat,

because the leaves will wilt due to faster evaporation of

moisture. Pechay does not need plenty of sunlight to provide

that much needed energy for the manufacture of the food

(Avenir, n.d.).

The pechay plant grows vigorously on soils rich in

organic matter, particularly Nitrogen (N). This is one

reason why in Baguio, farms receive heavy manure from crop

to crop in addition to supplemental application of chemical

fertilizers. Aside from soil variations, different

commercial varieties vary in their nutritional requirements

for optimum head production. In Baguio, the application of

12-12-12 fertilizer at the rate of 600 kg/ha has resulted in

heavy yields (30-35 tons/ha) of good quality heads

(Philippine Vegetable Growing Guide, 2009).

 Fertilizers are added to soils deficient in

the elements that plants need. The wide use of fertilizers

has significantly improved the production and quality of

food and feed crops. Commercial inorganic fertilizers are

numbered according to the proportion of nitrogen (N),

phosphate, and potassium (K), respectively. Thus, a 10-20-20

fertilizer contains 10% nitrogen, 20% phosphate and 20%

potassium. A complete fertilizer has all the primary

nutritional elements a plant needs and also some trace

elements (Grolier Encyclopedia of Knowledge, 1995, pp. 247-

248).

Nitrogen (N) can be found in fish, animal manure,

blood, bone meal, hoof, and horn meal. It is also very

abundant in the air. Phosphorus (P) is important for growth.

All plants need it from day one to grow good roots to

support the plant later. Phosphorus (P) increases leaf area

without reducing transport of sugars to the root. For this

reason, it is useful alongside Potassium (K), especially for

root crops. This nutrient can be found in rock phosphate and

bone meal. It is very immobile nutrient in soil. Potassium

(K) is involved in plant processes and in cell-sap

production. It helps the plant absorb and hold onto water.

It increases protein synthesis from Nitrogen (N). Potassium

(K) causes plants to grow coarse tough vegetation more

resistant to plant diseases (The Organic Gardener, 2009).

Fertilizers are broadly classified into organic and

inorganic or chemical fertilizers. Inorganic fertilizer is a

fertilizer manufactured chemically, as distinguished from

organic fertilizer, as naturally-occurring fertilizers like

peat moss or green manure, or naturally occurring mineral

deposits like saltpeter (Wikipedia, 2010).

Inorganic fertilizers are manufactured from nonliving

materials. Rock phosphate for example, is a common source of

phosphorus in chemical fertilizers. On the other hand,

organic fertilizers are made from materials derived by

living things. Animal manures, compost, bone meal and blood

meal are organic fertilizers (Gardenguy, 1999).

 CHAPTER III

Methodology

Research Design
 TREATMENTS REPLICATIONS

TREATMENT A D2 D1 C1

(Without control

set up)

TREATMENT B D3 B1 C2

(5g of triple 14)

TREATMENT C (6g C3 A3 A1

of triple 14)

TREATMENT D C1 A2 B3

(10g of triple

14)

Table 1. Experimental layout of Pechay Plant using

different levels of complete fertilizer (Triple 14).

This Completely Randomized Design (CRD) research

employed the researcher-made instrument to gather the data

about the growth performance of pechay using different

levels of Complete Fertilizer (Triple 14).

There were four (4) treatments replicated three (3)

times. The independent variable of this study is the

complete fertilizer (triple 14) while the dependent variable

is the growth performance of pechay.

Locale of the Study

This study was conducted at Poblacion Tabuc, Mambusao,

Capiz.

Time of the Study

This study was conducted from June 2, 2023 to July 6, 2023.

Data Collection Method

Preparation of Pot

Planting the Pechay Seeds

Watering after Planting

Preparation of Pots
 Treatment Preparation
Soil and Complete Fertilizer
(Triple 14)

Transplanting

Applying the treatment

Soil and Complete Fertilizer
(Triple 14)

Watering after Applying

Observing

Collecting Data

Materials and Equipments

The materials used in this study were the following:

One (1) sachet/pack of pechay seeds, one (1) kilo of

complete fertilizer (triple 14), plastic pots, ruler, and

sprinkler.

General Procedure
 Systematic and proper techniques were observed in

the conduct of the study. The researchers with their

undergone draw lots procedure by the use of rolled paper and

got ant replications from different treatment and transfer

it into another treatment randomly as their process of

completely randomized design (CRD).

The researchers bought the complete fertilizer (triple

14) at farm supply. The researchers also waited for two (2)

weeks so that the pechay seeds would sprout and after 2

weeks also, we applied the specific measures of complete

fertilizer (triple 14) when the plants were ready. We are

also observing it and watered it every day whether there is

a change in the growth performance of each plant with

different levels of complete fertilizer (triple 14).

Frequency mean was used in computing the result and

finding the effect of different levels of complete

fertilizer (triple 14) on the growth performance of pechay

because it is only focused on determining the mean of the

results.
 CHAPTER IV
Results and Discussion

R E P L I C A T I O N S

TREATMENTS 1 2 3

TREATMENT 2 3 3
A

TREATMENT 3 3 4
B

TREATMENT 4 6 3
C

TREATMENT 7 6 6
D

Table 2. A: Number of leaves of each pechay plant using

different levels using complete fertilizer (triple 14)

 Table 2.A showed the number of leaves generated by each

pechay plant using different levels of complete fertilizer

(triple 14. It showed that there were more leaves that have

been grown using 10g of complete fertilizer (triple 14) (as

shown in Treatment D) than other different levels of

fertilizer. The result of this study means that 10g of

complete fertilizer was an effective fertilizer in terms of

producing more number leaves on a certain plant.

R E P L I C A T I O N S

TREATMENTS 1 2 3

TREATMENT 2cm 3cm 3.5cm

A

TREATMENT 5cm 4.5cm 6cm

B

TREATMENT 4.5cm 6cm 7.5cm

C

TREATMENT 7cm 9cm 6cm

D
Table 2. B: Height of the leaf of pechay plant using

different levels of complete fertilizer (triple 14)

Table 2. C showed measure of the leaf’s height using

different levels of complete fertilizer (triple 14). It

showed that a pechay plant with the application of 10g of

complete fertilizer gives a longer leaf compared to other

levels and without any control. It means that using a 10g of

complete fertilizer (triple 14) was very effective in terms

of number of leaves of the pechay plant.

TREATMENTS R E P L I C A T I O N S

1 2 3 /3 MEAN

A 2 3 3 8/3 2.67

B 3 3 4 10/3 3.33

C 4 6 3 13/3 4.33

D 7 6 6 19/3 6.33
Table 3. A: Mean of the number of the leaves of pechay using

different levels of complete fertilizer (triple 14)

Table 3. A showed the mean of the number of leaves in

every treatment using different levels of complete

fertilizer (triple 14). It showed that treatment D results

in greater mean compared to other different levels of

complete fertilizer (triple 14) in terms of leaves

production.

TREATMENTS R E P L I C A T I O N S

1 2 3 /3 MEAN

A 2cm 3cm 3.5cm 8.5/3 2.83

B 5cm 4.5cm 6cm 15.5/3 5.16

C 4.5cm 6cm 7.5cm 18/3 6

D 7cm 9cm 6cm 22/3 7.33

Table 3. B: Mean of the height of leaves of pechay using

different levels of complete fertilizer (triple 14)

Table 3. B showed the mean of the height of the longest

leaf in every treatment using different levels of complete

fertilizer (triple 14). It showed that treatment D results

in greater mean compared to other fertilizers in relation to

the leaf’s length.

CHAPTER V

Summary

This study was conducted at Poblacion Tabuc, Mambusao,

Capiz from May 24, 2023 to June 17, 2023 primarily to find

out the growth performance of pechay using different levels

of complete fertilizer (5g of triple 14, 6g of triple 14,

10g of triple 14).

This study utilized the experimental method of

investigation wherein the data gathered from this study were

subjected to statistical analysis but focused on finding out

the mean of the results only.

There were four (4) treatments replicated three (3)

times. Result of the study revealed that 10g of complete

fertilizer (triple 14) was the most effective amount in

terms of number of leaves in the plant and plant’s height.

 This study indicated that 10g of complete fertilizer

(triple 14) contributes better on the growth performance of

pechay plant.

Conclusions

Based on the findings of the study, the following

conclusions were drawn:

 10g of complete fertilizer (triple 14) can generate a

greater number of leaves and longer leaf.

 The findings of the study also concluded that the

second effective fertilizer was 6g of triple 14

followed by 5g of triple 14.

 A treatment without any fertilizer was less productive

as compared to those treatments with applied levels of

complete fertilizer.
 Recommendations

Based on the findings of the study, the following

recommendations were forwarded:

 Use complete fertilizer (triple 14) in vegetable and

fruit production.

 Apply 10g of complete fertilizer on a plant because it

generates a greater number of leaves and lengthier stem

of pechay plant.

 For farmers, apply 10g of complete fertilizer (triple

14) which can contribute better on the growth

performance of pechay or even other plants.

 It is recommended that when you transfer the pechay,

use plot instead of pot.

 Result of this study maybe use as baseline data on s

succeeding similar study.

 References

Growth and Yield of Pechay (Brassica pekinensis L.)

using different Organic Fertlizers, (Narosa, et.al.,

2018).

http://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/

10.11648.j.ajaf.s.2015030601.12.pdf

http://my-research-proposal-biotech-07-

08.blogspot.com/2009/04/growing-pechay-brassica-rapa-

in.html

Merriam Webster Dictionary, 2018

https://www.google.com.ph/search?

ei=ezMrWq7mEcaX8QXHyI3oCw&q=+review+of+related+literatu
re+about+the+growth+of+pechay+using+organic+fertilizer&

oq=+review+of+related+literature+about+the+growth+of+pe

chay+using+organic+fertilizer&gs_1=psy-

ab.3...9123.18291.0.1.19267.23.23.0.0.0.0.216.2592.0j17

j1.18.0....0...1c.1.64.psy-ab..5.0.0....0.jtmb0yvt\KwU

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