Anatomy and Physiology The Unity of

Form and Function 6th Edition Saladin

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 chapter 06

True / False Questions

1. The skin carries out the first step in the synthesis of vitamin D.
True False
2. Living keratinocytes exfoliate from the epidermis as tiny specks called dander.
True False
3. The deeper of the two layers of the skin is the hypodermis.
True False
4. The youngest keratinocytes are found in the stratum basale.
True False
5. Melanin, hemoglobin, and carotene give color to the skin.
True False
6. Albinism is the genetic lack of melanin that results in a milky white coloration of the skin.
True False
7. Embarrassment can be perceived by an abnormal coloration of the skin called cyanosis.
True False
8. Freckles are elevated patches with an abnormal coloration of the skin.
True False
9. Straight hair is round, wavy hair is oval, and curly hair is relatively flat.
True False
10. Hair and nails are composed of collagen.
True False
11. Merocrine sweat glands are associated with hair follicles in the pubic and anal regions, axilla, areola, and
beard.
True False
12. Pattern baldness is relatively rare in women because women have lower testosterone levels than men.
True False
13. The acidity of sweat contributes to the acid mantle that inhibits bacterial growth in the skin.
True False
14. Debridement is not necessary to infection control.
True False
15. The three forms of skin cancer are defined by the types of cells from which they originate.
True False

Multiple Choice Questions

16. The skin does not include
A. the epidermis.
B. the papillary layer.
C. the hypodermis.
D. the stratum basale.
E. the dermis.
17. These are all types of cells found in the epidermis except
A. melanocytes.
B. fibroblasts.
C. stem cells.
D. keratinocytes.
E. tactile (Merkel) cells.
18. Skin covering the __________ has sweat glands but no hair follicles or sebaceous (oil) glands.
A. forearm
B. buttocks
C. abdomen
D. fingertips
E. back
19. Most of the skin is ___________ mm thick.
A. 0.01 to 0.02
B. 0.1 to 0.2
C. 1 to 2
D. 10 to 20
E. 100 to 200

20. This image shows structures of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. What does "3" represent?
A. stratum basale
B. stratum spinosum
C. stratum corneum
D. dermis
E. hypodermis
21. This image shows structures of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. What does "1" represent?
A. stratum corneum
B. epidermis
C. papillary layer
D. reticular layer
E. hypodermis
22. This image shows structures of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. ________ are found in the layer of the
skin represented as "2".
A. Collagen and living keratinocytes
B. Collagen and dead keratinocytes
C. Collagen and fibroblasts
D. Elastic fibers and melanocytes
E. Elastic fibers and dendritic cells
23. This image shows structures of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. Layer "1" represents _____, whereas
layer "2" represents ___________.
A. simple squamous epithelium; areolar tissue
B. stratified squamous epithelium; dense irregular connective tissue
C. dense irregular connective tissue; stratified squamous epithelium
D. simple squamous epithelium; stratified squamous epithelium
E. dense regular connective tissue; stratified squamous epithelium

24. This image shows strata and cell types of the epidermis. ________ represents a living keratinocyte
belonging to the stratum basale.
A. "1"
B. "2"
C. "3"
D. "4"
E. "5"
25. This image shows strata and cell types of the epidermis. "2" represents a _________, whereas "4"
represents a _________.
A. dead keratinocyte; dendritic cell
B. living keratinocyte; dead keratinocyte
C. melanocyte; dendritic cell
D. living keratinocyte; melanocyte
E. melanocyte; living keratinocyte
26. This layer of the epidermis consists of up to 30 layers of dead cells.
A. stratum basale
B. stratum spinosum
C. stratum granulosum
D. stratum lucidum
E. stratum corneum
27. Which of the following are associated with the sense of touch?
A. fibroblasts
B. melanocytes
C. keratinocytes
D. dendritic (Langerhans) cells
E. tactile (Merkel) cells
28. The fastest rate of mitosis happens in the
A. stratum basale.
B. stratum spinosum.
C. stratum granulosum.
D. stratum lucidum.
E. stratum corneum.
29. These cells stand guard against toxins, microbes and other pathogens.
A. keratinocytes
B. melanocytes
C. adipocytes
D. dendritic (Langerhans) cells
E. tactile (Merkel) cells
30. Fingerprints left on things we touch are associated with
A. dermal papillae.
B. epidermal ridges.
C. stratum basale.
D. subcutaneous tissue.
E. subcutaneous fat.
31. Calluses or corns are the result of accelerated multiplication of
A. melanocytes.
B. keratinocytes.
C. fibroblasts.
D. tactile cells.
E. red blood cells.
32. The ___ is absent from most epidermis.
A. stratum basale
B. stratum spinosum
C. stratum granulosum
D. stratum lucidum
E. stratum corneum
33. Leather is mostly made of the __________ layer of the dermis, which is very tough due to the high
concentration of ____________ fibers.
A. areolar; collagen
B. areolar; keratin
C. reticular; collagen
D. reticular; keratin
E. papillary; keratin
34. The hypodermis usually has an abundance of this tissue.
A. epithelial tissue
B. muscular tissue
C. nervous tissue
D. adipose tissue
E. keratinized tissue
35. The skin discoloration most likely to suggest physical abuse is
A. pallor.
B. albinism.
C. erythema.
D. hematoma.
E. jaundice.
36. The reddish color of the skin of the lips is primarily due to this pigment.
A. hemoglobin
B. myoglobin
C. melanin
D. carotene
E. keratin
37. This skin color is most likely to result from anemia.
A. pallor
B. erythema
C. hematoma
D. albinism
E. jaundice
38. Bilirubin causes a skin discoloration called
A. erythema.
B. jaundice.
C. pallor.
D. bronzing.
E. cyanosis.
39. Ethnic differences in skin color are primarily caused by differences in
A. UV radiation exposure.
B. quantity of hemoglobin carried in the blood.
C. quantity of melanin produced.
D. number of melanocytes.
E. number of keratinocytes.
40. A ___ is an elevated patch of melanized skin.
A. hemangioma
B. mole
C. freckle
D. flexion line
E. friction ridge
41. A pilus is
A. a hair.
B. a hair follicle.
C. a tiny muscle that moves a hair.
D. a sensory nerve fiber around the base of a hair.
E. a gland associated with a hair follicle.
42. The hair present only prenatally is called ___________, most of which is replaced by ____________ by
the time of birth.
A. pilus; terminal hair
B. lanugo; terminal hair
C. vellus; terminal hair
D. vellus; lanugo
E. lanugo; vellus
43. Blood vessels in the _________ provide a hair with its sole source of nutrition.
A. bulb
B. root
C. shaft
D. dermal papilla
E. medulla

44. This image shows the structure of a hair and its follicle. What does "1" represent?
A. bulb
B. root
C. shaft
D. medulla
E. cuticle
45. The contraction of the piloerector muscles (pilomotor muscle or arrector pili) in humans causes
A. hairs to stand on end trapping an insulating layer of warm air next to the skin.
B. generation of heat to raise the body temperature.
C. hairs to stand on end to make the individual appear bigger.
D. hairs to stand on end with no apparent function.
E. increased ability to feel pain.
46. A hair cycle consists of three developmental stages in the following order:
A. anagen, telogen, and catagen.
B. anagen, catagen, and telogen.
C. catagen, anagen, and telogen.
D. catagen, telogen, and anagen.
E. telogen, anagen, and catagen.
47. Each hair grows in an oblique epithelial tube called a(an)
A. hair follicle.
B. vellus.
C. pilus.
D. bulb.
E. dermal papilla.
48. Excessive hairiness is called
A. telogenism.
B. anagenism.
C. catagenism.
D. alopecia.
E. hirsutism.
49. The narrow zone of dead skin overhanging the proximal end of a nail is called
A. eponychium (cuticle).
B. lunule.
C. nail plate.
D. nail body.
E. nail root.

50. This image shows the anatomy of a fingernail. What does "2" represent?
A. free edge
B. nail body
C. eponychium (cuticle)
D. lunule
E. nail root
51. Variations in hair color arise from the relative amounts of
A. collagen and elastic filaments.
B. keratin and melanin.
C. carotene and hemoglobin.
D. carotene and collagen.
E. eumelanin and pheomelanin.
52. Mitosis in the __________ accounts for growth of the nail.
A. nail plate
B. nail fold
C. eponychium
D. hyponychium
E. nail matrix
53. The oil of your scalp is secreted by __________ glands associated with the hair follicles.
A. merocrine sweat
B. apocrine sweat
C. sebaceous
D. ceruminous
E. mammary
54. Secretions from __________ glands contribute to the acid mantle that inhibits bacterial growth on the
skin.
A. mammary
B. ceruminous
C. sebaceous
D. apocrine sweat
E. merocrine sweat
55. ____________ is/are formed partly from the secretions of glands in the external ear canal.
A. Sebum
B. Cerumen
C. Sweat
D. Scents
E. Mucus

56. This image shows cutaneous glands. The name of structure "1" is
A. merocrine gland
B. apocrine gland
C. sebaceous gland
D. ceruminous gland
E. perspiration gland
57. The cutaneous glands concerned with cooling the body are
A. ceruminous glands.
B. sebaceous glands.
C. merocrine glands.
D. apocrine glands.
E. exothermic glands.
58. The ___ are a source of sex pheromones.
A. ceruminous glands
B. merocrine glands
C. mammary glands
D. sebaceous glands
E. apocrine glands
59. Mammary glands are modified ___________ glands that develop within the female breast, whereas
____________ are present in both sexes.
A. merocrine; scent glands
B. apocrine; breasts
C. apocrine; scent glands
D. sebaceous; sudoriferous glands
E. sudoriferous; sebaceous glands
60. Which two strata of the epidermis are most susceptible to cancer?
A. corneum and lucidum
B. basale and corneum
C. spinosum and basale
D. granulosum and spinosum
E. lucidum and granulosum
61. The "ABCD rule" for recognizing early signs of malignant melanoma refers to the following
characteristics of the lesion:
A. asymmetry, border irregularity, color, and diameter
B. asymmetry, brightness, color, and diameter
C. aspect, brightness, color, and distance
D. aspect, border irregularity, color, and distance
E. area, border irregularity, color, and density
62. The least common but most deadly type of skin cancer is
A. basal cell carcinoma.
B. squamous cell carcinoma.
C. melanoma.
D. skin lymphoma.
E. skin sarcoma.
63. Basal cell carcinoma initially affects cells of the stratum __________, whereas melanoma arises from
___________.
A. spinosum; keratinocytes
B. spinosum; melanocytes
C. basale; fibroblasts
D. basale; melanocytes
E. basale; keratinocytes
64. _____________ burns involve the epidermis, all of the dermis, and often some deeper tissue.
A. First-degree
B. Second-degree
C. Third-degree
D. Partial-thickness
E. Malignant
65. The most immediate threat to the life of a patient with severe burns is
A. fluid loss.
B. eschar.
C. heat loss.
D. pain.
E. infection.
 chapter 06 Key

True / False Questions

1. The skin carries out the first step in the synthesis of vitamin D.
TRUE
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.01.a List the functions of the skin and relate them to its structure.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
2. Living keratinocytes exfoliate from the epidermis as tiny specks called dander.
FALSE
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 06.01.b Describe the histological structure of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
3. The deeper of the two layers of the skin is the hypodermis.
FALSE
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.01.b Describe the histological structure of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
4. The youngest keratinocytes are found in the stratum basale.
TRUE
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 06.01.b Describe the histological structure of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
5. Melanin, hemoglobin, and carotene give color to the skin.
TRUE
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.01.c Describe the normal and pathological colors that the skin can have, and explain their causes.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
6. Albinism is the genetic lack of melanin that results in a milky white coloration of the skin.
TRUE
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.01.c Describe the normal and pathological colors that the skin can have, and explain their causes.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
7. Embarrassment can be perceived by an abnormal coloration of the skin called cyanosis.
FALSE
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.01.c Describe the normal and pathological colors that the skin can have, and explain their causes.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
8. Freckles are elevated patches with an abnormal coloration of the skin.
FALSE
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.01.d Describe the common markings of the skin.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
9. Straight hair is round, wavy hair is oval, and curly hair is relatively flat.
TRUE
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.02.a Distinguish between three types of hair.
Section: 06.02
Topic: Integumentary System
10. Hair and nails are composed of collagen.
FALSE
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.02.a Distinguish between three types of hair.
Section: 06.02
Topic: Integumentary System
11. Merocrine sweat glands are associated with hair follicles in the pubic and anal regions, axilla, areola,
and beard.
FALSE
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.03.a Name two types of sweat glands, and describe the structure and function of each.
Section: 06.03
Topic: Integumentary System
12. Pattern baldness is relatively rare in women because women have lower testosterone levels than
men.
TRUE
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 06.02.b Describe the histology of a hair and its follicle.
Section: 06.02
Topic: Integumentary System
13. The acidity of sweat contributes to the acid mantle that inhibits bacterial growth in the skin.
TRUE
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 06.03.a Name two types of sweat glands, and describe the structure and function of each.
Section: 06.03
Topic: Integumentary System
14. Debridement is not necessary to infection control.
FALSE
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.04.b Describe the three classes of burns and the priorities in burn treatment.
Section: 06.04
Topic: Integumentary System
15. The three forms of skin cancer are defined by the types of cells from which they originate.
TRUE
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.04.a Describe the three most common forms of skin cancer.
Section: 06.04
Topic: Integumentary System

Multiple Choice Questions

16. The skin does not include

A. the epidermis.
B. the papillary layer.
C. the hypodermis.
D. the stratum basale.
E. the dermis.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.01.b Describe the histological structure of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
17. These are all types of cells found in the epidermis except
A. melanocytes.
B. fibroblasts.
C. stem cells.
D. keratinocytes.
E. tactile (Merkel) cells.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.01.b Describe the histological structure of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
18. Skin covering the __________ has sweat glands but no hair follicles or sebaceous (oil) glands.
A. forearm
B. buttocks
C. abdomen
D. fingertips
E. back
Bloom's Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 06.01.b Describe the histological structure of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
19. Most of the skin is ___________ mm thick.
A. 0.01 to 0.02
B. 0.1 to 0.2
C. 1 to 2
D. 10 to 20
E. 100 to 200
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.01.b Describe the histological structure of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System

20. This image shows structures of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. What does "3" represent?
A. stratum basale
B. stratum spinosum
C. stratum corneum
D. dermis
E. hypodermis
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Figure: 06.01
Learning Outcome: 06.01.b Describe the histological structure of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
21. This image shows structures of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. What does "1" represent?
A. stratum corneum
B. epidermis
C. papillary layer
D. reticular layer
E. hypodermis
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Figure: 06.01
Learning Outcome: 06.01.b Describe the histological structure of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
22. This image shows structures of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. ________ are found in the layer of
the skin represented as "2".
A. Collagen and living keratinocytes
B. Collagen and dead keratinocytes
C. Collagen and fibroblasts
D. Elastic fibers and melanocytes
E. Elastic fibers and dendritic cells
Bloom's Level: 3. Apply
Figure: 06.01
Learning Outcome: 06.01.b Describe the histological structure of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
23. This image shows structures of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. Layer "1" represents _____, whereas
layer "2" represents ___________.
A. simple squamous epithelium; areolar tissue
B. stratified squamous epithelium; dense irregular connective tissue
C. dense irregular connective tissue; stratified squamous epithelium
D. simple squamous epithelium; stratified squamous epithelium
E. dense regular connective tissue; stratified squamous epithelium
Bloom's Level: 3. Apply
Figure: 06.01
Learning Outcome: 06.01.b Describe the histological structure of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System

Learning Outcome: 06.01.b Describe the histological structure of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.
24. This image shows strata and cell types of the epidermis. ________ represents a living keratinocyte
belonging to the stratum basale.
A. "1"
B. "2"
C. "3"
D. "4"
E. "5"
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Figure: 06.03
Learning Outcome: 06.01.b Describe the histological structure of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
25. This image shows strata and cell types of the epidermis. "2" represents a _________, whereas "4"
represents a _________.
A. dead keratinocyte; dendritic cell
B. living keratinocyte; dead keratinocyte
C. melanocyte; dendritic cell
D. living keratinocyte; melanocyte
E. melanocyte; living keratinocyte
Bloom's Level: 3. Apply
Figure: 06.03
Learning Outcome: 06.01.b Describe the histological structure of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
26. This layer of the epidermis consists of up to 30 layers of dead cells.
A. stratum basale
B. stratum spinosum
C. stratum granulosum
D. stratum lucidum
E. stratum corneum
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.01.b Describe the histological structure of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
27. Which of the following are associated with the sense of touch?
A. fibroblasts
B. melanocytes
C. keratinocytes
D. dendritic (Langerhans) cells
E. tactile (Merkel) cells
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.01.b Describe the histological structure of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
28. The fastest rate of mitosis happens in the
A. stratum basale.
B. stratum spinosum.
C. stratum granulosum.
D. stratum lucidum.
E. stratum corneum.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.01.b Describe the histological structure of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
29. These cells stand guard against toxins, microbes and other pathogens.
A. keratinocytes
B. melanocytes
C. adipocytes
D. dendritic (Langerhans) cells
E. tactile (Merkel) cells
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.01.b Describe the histological structure of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
30. Fingerprints left on things we touch are associated with
A. dermal papillae.
B. epidermal ridges.
C. stratum basale.
D. subcutaneous tissue.
E. subcutaneous fat.
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 06.01.b Describe the histological structure of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
31. Calluses or corns are the result of accelerated multiplication of
A. melanocytes.
B. keratinocytes.
C. fibroblasts.
D. tactile cells.
E. red blood cells.
Bloom's Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 06.01.b Describe the histological structure of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
32. The ___ is absent from most epidermis.
A. stratum basale
B. stratum spinosum
C. stratum granulosum
D. stratum lucidum
E. stratum corneum
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.01.b Describe the histological structure of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
33. Leather is mostly made of the __________ layer of the dermis, which is very tough due to the high
concentration of ____________ fibers.
A. areolar; collagen
B. areolar; keratin
C. reticular; collagen
D. reticular; keratin
E. papillary; keratin
Bloom's Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 06.01.b Describe the histological structure of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
34. The hypodermis usually has an abundance of this tissue.
A. epithelial tissue
B. muscular tissue
C. nervous tissue
D. adipose tissue
E. keratinized tissue
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.01.b Describe the histological structure of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
35. The skin discoloration most likely to suggest physical abuse is
A. pallor.
B. albinism.
C. erythema.
D. hematoma.
E. jaundice.
Bloom's Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 06.01.c Describe the normal and pathological colors that the skin can have, and explain their causes.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
36. The reddish color of the skin of the lips is primarily due to this pigment.
A. hemoglobin
B. myoglobin
C. melanin
D. carotene
E. keratin
Bloom's Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 06.01.c Describe the normal and pathological colors that the skin can have, and explain their causes.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
37. This skin color is most likely to result from anemia.
A. pallor
B. erythema
C. hematoma
D. albinism
E. jaundice
Bloom's Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 06.01.c Describe the normal and pathological colors that the skin can have, and explain their causes.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
38. Bilirubin causes a skin discoloration called
A. erythema.
B. jaundice.
C. pallor.
D. bronzing.
E. cyanosis.
Bloom's Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 06.01.c Describe the normal and pathological colors that the skin can have, and explain their causes.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
39. Ethnic differences in skin color are primarily caused by differences in
A. UV radiation exposure.
B. quantity of hemoglobin carried in the blood.
C. quantity of melanin produced.
D. number of melanocytes.
E. number of keratinocytes.
Bloom's Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 06.01.c Describe the normal and pathological colors that the skin can have, and explain their causes.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
40. A ___ is an elevated patch of melanized skin.
A. hemangioma
B. mole
C. freckle
D. flexion line
E. friction ridge
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.01.d Describe the common markings of the skin.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Integumentary System
41. A pilus is
A. a hair.
B. a hair follicle.
C. a tiny muscle that moves a hair.
D. a sensory nerve fiber around the base of a hair.
E. a gland associated with a hair follicle.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.02.a Distinguish between three types of hair.
Section: 06.02
Topic: Integumentary System
42. The hair present only prenatally is called ___________, most of which is replaced by ____________
by the time of birth.
A. pilus; terminal hair
B. lanugo; terminal hair
C. vellus; terminal hair
D. vellus; lanugo
E. lanugo; vellus
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.02.a Distinguish between three types of hair.
Section: 06.02
Topic: Integumentary System
43. Blood vessels in the _________ provide a hair with its sole source of nutrition.
A. bulb
B. root
C. shaft
D. dermal papilla
E. medulla
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.02.b Describe the histology of a hair and its follicle.
Section: 06.02
Topic: Integumentary System

44. This image shows the structure of a hair and its follicle. What does "1" represent?
A. bulb
B. root
C. shaft
D. medulla
E. cuticle
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Figure: 06.07
Learning Outcome: 06.02.b Describe the histology of a hair and its follicle.
Section: 06.02
Topic: Integumentary System
45. The contraction of the piloerector muscles (pilomotor muscle or arrector pili) in humans causes
A. hairs to stand on end trapping an insulating layer of warm air next to the skin.
B. generation of heat to raise the body temperature.
C. hairs to stand on end to make the individual appear bigger.
D. hairs to stand on end with no apparent function.
E. increased ability to feel pain.
Bloom's Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 06.02.b Describe the histology of a hair and its follicle.
Section: 06.02
Topic: Integumentary System
46. A hair cycle consists of three developmental stages in the following order:
A. anagen, telogen, and catagen.
B. anagen, catagen, and telogen.
C. catagen, anagen, and telogen.
D. catagen, telogen, and anagen.
E. telogen, anagen, and catagen.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.02.b Describe the histology of a hair and its follicle.
Section: 06.02
Topic: Integumentary System
47. Each hair grows in an oblique epithelial tube called a(an)
A. hair follicle.
B. vellus.
C. pilus.
D. bulb.
E. dermal papilla.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.02.b Describe the histology of a hair and its follicle.
Section: 06.02
Topic: Integumentary System
48. Excessive hairiness is called
A. telogenism.
B. anagenism.
C. catagenism.
D. alopecia.
E. hirsutism.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.02.b Describe the histology of a hair and its follicle.
Section: 06.02
Topic: Integumentary System
49. The narrow zone of dead skin overhanging the proximal end of a nail is called
A. eponychium (cuticle).
B. lunule.
C. nail plate.
D. nail body.
E. nail root.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.02.d Describe the structure and function of nails.
Section: 06.02
Topic: Integumentary System

Learning Outcome: 06.02.d Describe the structure and function of nails.

50. This image shows the anatomy of a fingernail. What does "2" represent?
A. free edge
B. nail body
C. eponychium (cuticle)
D. lunule
E. nail root
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Figure: 06.10
Learning Outcome: 06.02.d Describe the structure and function of nails.
Section: 06.02
Topic: Integumentary System
51. Variations in hair color arise from the relative amounts of
A. collagen and elastic filaments.
B. keratin and melanin.
C. carotene and hemoglobin.
D. carotene and collagen.
E. eumelanin and pheomelanin.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.02.b Describe the histology of a hair and its follicle.
Section: 06.02
Topic: Integumentary System
52. Mitosis in the __________ accounts for growth of the nail.
A. nail plate
B. nail fold
C. eponychium
D. hyponychium
E. nail matrix
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 06.02.d Describe the structure and function of nails.
Section: 06.02
Topic: Integumentary System
53. The oil of your scalp is secreted by __________ glands associated with the hair follicles.
A. merocrine sweat
B. apocrine sweat
C. sebaceous
D. ceruminous
E. mammary
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.03.b Describe the location, structure, and function of sebaceous and ceruminous glands.
Section: 06.03
Topic: Integumentary System
54. Secretions from __________ glands contribute to the acid mantle that inhibits bacterial growth on the
skin.
A. mammary
B. ceruminous
C. sebaceous
D. apocrine sweat
E. merocrine sweat
Bloom's Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 06.03.a Name two types of sweat glands, and describe the structure and function of each.
Section: 06.03
Topic: Integumentary System
55. ____________ is/are formed partly from the secretions of glands in the external ear canal.
A. Sebum
B. Cerumen
C. Sweat
D. Scents
E. Mucus
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.03.b Describe the location, structure, and function of sebaceous and ceruminous glands.
Section: 06.03
Topic: Integumentary System

56. This image shows cutaneous glands. The name of structure "1" is
A. merocrine gland
B. apocrine gland
C. sebaceous gland
D. ceruminous gland
E. perspiration gland
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Figure: 06.11
Learning Outcome: 06.03.a Name two types of sweat glands, and describe the structure and function of each.
Section: 06.03
Topic: Integumentary System
57. The cutaneous glands concerned with cooling the body are
A. ceruminous glands.
B. sebaceous glands.
C. merocrine glands.
D. apocrine glands.
E. exothermic glands.
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 06.03.a Name two types of sweat glands, and describe the structure and function of each.
Section: 06.03
Topic: Integumentary System
58. The ___ are a source of sex pheromones.
A. ceruminous glands
B. merocrine glands
C. mammary glands
D. sebaceous glands
E. apocrine glands
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.03.a Name two types of sweat glands, and describe the structure and function of each.
Section: 06.03
Topic: Integumentary System
59. Mammary glands are modified ___________ glands that develop within the female breast, whereas
____________ are present in both sexes.
A. merocrine; scent glands
B. apocrine; breasts
C. apocrine; scent glands
D. sebaceous; sudoriferous glands
E. sudoriferous; sebaceous glands
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 06.03.c Discuss the distinction between breasts and mammary glands, and explain their respective functions.
Section: 06.03
Topic: Integumentary System
60. Which two strata of the epidermis are most susceptible to cancer?
A. corneum and lucidum
B. basale and corneum
C. spinosum and basale
D. granulosum and spinosum
E. lucidum and granulosum
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 06.04.a Describe the three most common forms of skin cancer.
Section: 06.04
Topic: Integumentary System
61. The "ABCD rule" for recognizing early signs of malignant melanoma refers to the following
characteristics of the lesion:
A. asymmetry, border irregularity, color, and diameter
B. asymmetry, brightness, color, and diameter
C. aspect, brightness, color, and distance
D. aspect, border irregularity, color, and distance
E. area, border irregularity, color, and density
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.04.a Describe the three most common forms of skin cancer.
Section: 06.04
Topic: Integumentary System
62. The least common but most deadly type of skin cancer is
A. basal cell carcinoma.
B. squamous cell carcinoma.
C. melanoma.
D. skin lymphoma.
E. skin sarcoma.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.04.a Describe the three most common forms of skin cancer.
Section: 06.04
Topic: Integumentary System
63. Basal cell carcinoma initially affects cells of the stratum __________, whereas melanoma arises from
___________.
A. spinosum; keratinocytes
B. spinosum; melanocytes
C. basale; fibroblasts
D. basale; melanocytes
E. basale; keratinocytes
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.04.a Describe the three most common forms of skin cancer.
Section: 06.04
Topic: Integumentary System
64. _____________ burns involve the epidermis, all of the dermis, and often some deeper tissue.
A. First-degree
B. Second-degree
C. Third-degree
D. Partial-thickness
E. Malignant
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 06.04.b Describe the three classes of burns and the priorities in burn treatment.
Section: 06.04
Topic: Integumentary System
65. The most immediate threat to the life of a patient with severe burns is
A. fluid loss.
B. eschar.
C. heat loss.
D. pain.
E. infection.
Bloom's Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 06.04.b Describe the three classes of burns and the priorities in burn treatment.
Section: 06.04
Topic: Integumentary System
 chapter 06 Summary
Category # of Questions
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember 42
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand 9
Bloom's Level: 3. Apply 14
Figure: 06.01 4
Figure: 06.03 2
Figure: 06.07 1
Figure: 06.10 1
Figure: 06.11 1
Learning Outcome: 06.01.a List the functions of the skin and relate them to its structure. 1
Learning Outcome: 06.01.b Describe the histological structure of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue. 23
Learning Outcome: 06.01.c Describe the normal and pathological colors that the skin can have, and explain their causes. 8
Learning Outcome: 06.01.d Describe the common markings of the skin. 2
Learning Outcome: 06.02.a Distinguish between three types of hair. 4
Learning Outcome: 06.02.b Describe the histology of a hair and its follicle. 8
Learning Outcome: 06.02.d Describe the structure and function of nails. 4
Learning Outcome: 06.03.a Name two types of sweat glands, and describe the structure and function of each. 6
Learning Outcome: 06.03.b Describe the location, structure, and function of sebaceous and ceruminous glands. 2
Learning Outcome: 06.03.c Discuss the distinction between breasts and mammary glands, and explain their respective functions 1
.
Learning Outcome: 06.04.a Describe the three most common forms of skin cancer. 5
Learning Outcome: 06.04.b Describe the three classes of burns and the priorities in burn treatment. 3
Section: 06.01 33
Section: 06.02 15
Section: 06.03 9
Section: 06.04 8
Topic: Integumentary System 65