Final Internship Paper Anteneh

Internship Final Report 2018
Chapter - 1
1.1. Company History

First Established in 2011 as a Grade III Building contractor (BC3), Dugda, under the legal name
Dugda Construction Plc, registered with the Ministry of Urban Development and Construction
(MoUDC) has now grown to a Grade I Building contractor (BC1) and Specialized Foundations
contractor (SF1) on course to becoming one of the few trusted contractors that can manage to handle
and execute a complex projects of higher caliber. In the company’s Seven years brief history, Dugda
Construction continues to show great achievements which can be traced in its track records.
1.2. Vision Statement
 To be the company of first choice for all stakeholders

 To challenge and change the construction industry
 To discover new ways and to turn ideas into tangible reality
 To pursuit technical excellence and willingness to invest in research and
innovation
1.3. Values Statement
 Make Safety personal and work responsibly

 Lead by an example
 Work as one team, listen to everyone
 Find or follow a better way
 Deliver on our promises, aim to exceed
 Collaborate with Clients and Partners
 People are our greatest Asset
BY; ANTENEH TIBEBU 1

1.4. Mission Statement
The company will challenge and change the industry by delivering a unique business offering;
- The company will build a collaborative relationships – becoming the Partner of First Choice
- The company will combine leanness and agility to enable our own success
- The company will aspire for greatness – becoming an example of excellence
1.5. Goals and Objectives

It was established with an Objective of expanding in the following sectors with excellent
performance and providing quality product/ service in:
- Buildings – Apartments, Condominiums, Hotels, Warehouse & so on

- Piles- Structural Piles, Shoring Works , Secant wall Piles
- Infrastructure - Road, Water, Railway, Dams, Bridges, Aviation
- Power and Energy
- Supply of construction and finishing materials
- Construction machinery and equipment rental
- Real estate development
- Engineering Consultancy
- Fleet Transport service
1.6. Products And Services

Dugda Construction Plc offers wide range of construction services in construction of various types
of construction project works of various size and complexity including residential buildings,
Apartment Building, Mixed Use Building, Library & Cafeteria Building, Ware House Project, Hotel
Project, Bottling Industry Project, Work Shop & Office Building and 4-Star Hotel Project.

1.7. Organizational Chart Flow
Chart 1.1 Organizational Chart Flow

1.8. BUILDING PROJECTS
Since its establishment, Dugda Construction Plc. has been engaged to various constructional work.
Some of them are listed below;
CURRENT PROJECTS
No Client Project Type Contract Type Location Status
Amount
1 KIDUS RESORT MIXED USE 57,593,192.12 MATERIAL Addis Ababa, 85%
& HOTELS PLC BUILDING + LABOUR Kazanchis around
(2B+G+13) Bambis
2 GIANT EAGLE MIXED USE 22,197,600.87 LABOUR Addis Ababa, 121%
TRADING PLC BUILDING Mexico around
(2B+SB+G+14) African Union
LIBRARY & 98%
MATERIAL
YENCOMAD CAFETERIA 179,124,257.60
+ LABOUR
3 CONSTRUCTION BUILDING Bahirdar
PLC Ware House MATERIAL 100%
7,421,956.89
Project + LABOUR
4 ATO REDWAN APARTMENT 8,431,171,.87 LABOUR Addis Ababa, 48%
ABRAR BUILDING Behind Dembel
(B+G+10) City Center
5 ATO ASRAT 3* HOTEL 51,715,258.41 MATERIAL Addis Ababa, 38%
GELETE PROJECT + LABOUR Behind Millenium
(2B+G+15) Hall
8 DR. MOLLA 5* HOTEL 42,340,012.30 MATERIAL Addis Ababa, 45%
BIRHANU POJECT + LABOUR around Goma
(2B+G+18) Kuteba
9 W/RO HULUYE APARTMENT 14,541,469.33 LABOUR Addis Ababa, On 86%
BUILDING the road from
(2B+G+10) Sarbet to Kera
10 GONG MIXED USE 157,618,570.66 MATERIAL Addis Ababa, 21%
CONSTRUCTION BUILDING + LABOUR Churchill infront of
PLC. (3B+G+19) Eliana Mall
11 GET-AS REAL ESTATE 90,312,605.09 MATERIAL Addis Ababa, Ayat 97%
INTERNATIONAL + LABOUR
PLC.
12 ATO HABTAMU MIXED USE 18,355,643.79 MATERIAL Addis Ababa, 55%
DESTA BUILDING + LABOUR Behinde Getu
Commercial Center
13 ATO MIXED USE 5,418,375.89 LABOUR Addis Ababa, Haya 83%
WENDAFRASH BUILDING Hulet Mazoria
BEKELE (B+G+9)
14 ENE ALI MIXED USE 75,621,985.21 MATERIAL Addis Ababa, 22%

No Client Project Type Contract Type Location Status

Amount
MOHAMMED BUILDING + LABOUR around Habte
(3B+G+16) Giyorgis Bridge
15 W/RO ZEHARA MIXED USE 19,010,430.40 MATERIAL Addis Ababa, 10%
YESUF BUILDING + LABOUR Bisrate Gebriel
(2B+G+9) around South
Africa Embassy
16 MUNIBA EDRIS MIXED USE 13,653,123.81 MATERIAL Addis Ababa, 27%
& RIHANA EDRIS BUILDING + LABOUR Sarbet around
(B+G+9) Adams Pavilion
17 U-STREET APARTMENT 19,250,066.56 LABOUR Addis Ababa, Bole 41%
PARKING PLC. BUILDING Behind DH Geda
PROJECT Tower
18 KIDUS MIXED USE 16,586,222.76 LABOUR Addis Ababa, 69%
BIZUAYEHU BUILDING around Bole
(2B+G+8) Bulbula
19 SON’S BOTTLING 3,873,584.20 LABOUR Sebeta, Dima Town 98%
INDUSTRIES INDUSTRY
PLC. PROJECT
20 DUGDA HOTEL 34,696,822.90 MATERIAL Bishoftu Town 31%
FLORICULTURE BUILDING + LABOUR
DEVELOPMENT PROJECT
PLC.
21 DESTA GARMENT 33,260,498.49 MATERIAL Butajira Town 88%
GARMENT PLC. FACTORY + LABOUR
PROJECT
COMPLETED PROJECTS
No Client Project Type Contract Type Location

Amount
1 SIDAMO TERA MIXED USE 301,572,101.02 LABOUR Addis Ababa,
BUILDING BUILDING Sidamo Tera
CONSTRUCTION S. (2B+G+10)
CO.
2 W/RO MERKEB MIXED USE 4,975,869.38 LABOUR Addis Ababa,
TADESSE BUILDING Behind Dembel
(B+G+11) City Center
3 LIDETA SUBCITY APARTMENT 5,327,307.31 LABOUR Addis Ababa, Bole
HOUSING BUILDING (G+7) Arabssa
DEVELOPMENT
4 GET-AS WORK SHOP & 22,000,001.10 MATERIAL Addis Ababa,
INTERNATIONAL PLC OFFICE + LABOUR Kality
BUILDING
5 FEZAK MIXED USE 21,298,429.41 MATERIAL Addis Ababa,
COMMERCIAL PLC BUILDING + LABOUR Lideta

(2B+G+7)
6 W/RO ZENEBECH HOTEL 10,516,217.01 MATERIAL Addis Ababa, Welo
AKO APARTMENT + LABOUR Sefer
BUILDING
(B+G+10)
7 ATO GETU GELETE EXTENSION 1,885,000.00 MATERIAL Addis Ababa, Getu
PROJECT + LABOUR Commercial Center
8 AMT IMPORTER PLC MIXED USE 20,472,921.21 MATERIAL Addis Ababa, Welo
BUILDING + LABOUR Sefer
(3B+G+15)
9 ET-CON HOUSE MIXED USE 3,310,681.70 LABOUR Addis Ababa,
BUILDING Kazanchis
(B+G+7)
10 ADM BUSINESS PLC 4-STAR HOTEL 335,105,236.87 LABOUR Addis Ababa,
PROJECT Ramada Hotel
(B+G+10)
Table.1.2 Building Projects

Chapter - 2
Overall Description of the Intern Student Experience during Internship
2.1. How I join in to the company?
For acquiring practical knowledge in construction industry, my first intention is finding of

Construction Company, which is practicing new technology is DUGDA Construction PLC.
With this regard, with a kind gesture that they accepted my application and were willing enough to
incorporate me as an intern student member to the company. Hence, I began my internship on Aug
2018 and to the last month of Sept 2018.
2.2. My Work Section In The Company
Almost all the time, I was worked on site and sometimes I practiced in office work, which is
presented around site.
2.3.Work Flow In The Section
Workflows in the section is followed by inspection of supervisor and necessary check lists was
taken. Finally, daily diary also gathered according to the executed work.
2.4. Tasks I have been executing
2.4.1. Office Tasks
During the times I spent on the office, I have been enrolled with some tasks. Since office works are
integral parts of the project, I can say those tasks have helped me improve my overall knowledge aspect.
Some of them are:

 Calculation For Determining The Number Of Probes, GS, Leager And U-Head
No. of GS No. of U-Head No. of Base No. of Leager
1.8 meter 360 360 360 720
1.3 meter 360 360 360 720
Table 2.1 arrangement of probes
Result; # GS= 720, # U-Head = 720, # Base = 720 and # Leager = 1440
NB; the plan drawing will be attached

2.4.2. Field Tasks
2.4.2.1. Observation On Site
The intern student starts to practice on the U - Street Apartment Building; the status of the building
was on fourth floor and constructing columns. So, in this section all construction methods will
discuss until the fifth slab construction.
a) Column Rebar
On the total slab area 1053.41 m2, according to the design the number of columns are 30 (thirty) and
they are different in sizes. The methods of connecting the columns rebar comes from the bottom (Ø
20) is overlapped one meter and stirrup Ø 10.
Fig.2.1 One-meter length column overlap rebar

2.4.2.2. Column Formwork erecting
Formwork for in-situ concrete work may be described as a mouldor box into which wet concrete can
be poured and compacted so that it will flow and finally set to the inner profile of the box or mould.
Plywood formworks are used for temporarily supporting structure in column construction until the
concrete is attaining its strength. After erected the formwork it has to be checked Vertical and
Horizontal Alignment before placement of concrete.
Fig.2.2 Column Formwork erecting

Temporary material (sheeting) erected, to resist freshly

poured and compacted concrete until it has gained
sufficient strength to be self-supporting.
Formwork greatly affects the final appearance of the

finished structure. Therefore, the formwork should be
tie strongly to overcome weak-joint and bleeding
cement paste from weak joint. In addition, during
compaction high pressure created by vibration, if it is
not fixed the formwork correctly, sometimes bursting
will happened.
Fig. 2.3 column formwork fixed tie-rod
2.4.2.3. Shear wall

Shear wall is structural wall, applied mostly for high-rise buildings,
and contains more than five stories, when the number of floors
increases, wind load and earthquake is major consideration.
Therefore, shear wall resists lateral load, twisting and used as wall
purpose (load bearing wall).
Shear wall is constructed with in reinforcement that is way load

bearing and structural member of the building. The intern student
works on tie of the stirrup on shear wall rebar.
RC shear wall constructed vertically and I understood the use of

box structure used to make lift inside in it and this box structure
resist horizontal force and torsional force.
Fig.4 reinforcement bar for shear wall

I have got an experience to construct formwork for shear wall. It is unlike of column formwork
construction, on the panel make a hole on both internal and external formwork panel then insert rigid
pipe in order to tie the two panels together by tie –rod inserted in it. After de-shuttering tie-rods are
removed and the rigid pipes are cutoff.
Fig.2.5 shear wall formwork fixed by tie-rod Fig.2.6 shear wall
 Methods of delivering/ transporting concrete

Concrete is delivered from concrete batching plant and transported by agitator truck to the site, ready
mix concrete which has admixture (retarder), after the ready mix concrete is delivered, poring of
concrete is going on in this case in column formwork Simultaneously taking of sample is taking.
There are two types of concrete delivering method

a) Mobile concrete pump (Elephant concrete Pump)
b) Stationary Concrete Pump

a) Mobile concrete pump (Elephant Pump)
The first type of concrete pump is attached to a truck or longer units are on semi-trailers. It is known
as a boom concrete pump because it uses a remote-controlled articulating robotic arm (called a
boom) to place concrete accurately. Boom pumps are used on most of the larger construction
projects, as they are capable of pumping at very high volumes and because of the labour saving
nature of the placing boom. They are a revolutionary alternative to line-concrete pumps.
Fig.2.7 transportation of concrete by mobile concrete pump (Elephant of CIFA concrete pump)
b) Stationary Concrete Pump
The second main type of concrete pump is either mounted on a truck or placed on a trailer, and it is
commonly referred to as a line pump or trailer mounted concrete pump. This pump requires steel or
flexible concrete placing hoses to be manually attached to the outlet of the machine. Those hoses are
linked together and lead to wherever the concrete needs to be placed. Line pumps normally pump
concrete at lower volumes than boom pumps and are used for smaller volume concrete placing
applications.

Fig.2.8 stationary concrete pump
Fig.2.9 Agitator truck pours the concrete in to Fig.2.10 Transporting of concrete with
steel stationary concrete pump chute pipe of stationary pump

Fig.11 workers on placement of concrete with stationary concrete pump in column formwork
Comparison between Mobile concrete pump and Stationary concrete Pump
Mobile concrete pump Stationary Pump
- Time saving to transport the ready mix - Time taking; when placing of concrete
concrete to the required place.
column 70*70cm, it takes 3 minutes. (personal
When placing of concrete column 70*70cm, it data)
takes 1minute and 44 seconds. ( personal data)
- No need of pipe installation. - Time taking to connecting the steel pipes.
- Requires total number of 6 to 7 labors to - Requires total number of 11 labors to place

place the concrete on one column. the concrete on one column.
- Minimum wastage of concrete - More concrete wastage
- Shortage of addressing large distance, - No limitation it can cover large distance by

which is more than 45 meter. connecting the steel pipe.
Table 2.2.Comparison between Mobile concrete pump and Stationary concrete Pump

Leveling By Thin Pipe with Water
Before erecting the probes, surveyors puts benchmark (1 meter) on column by total station on one
column. Then with the aid of thin pipe with filled water has to level the rest of all column. Finally, it
can be erect the probes, RSH and plywood for casting the slab.
Bench marked point
Fig. 2.12 Leveling on shear wall by thin pipe with water

Erecting Of Slab Formwork (Shuttering)
Before erecting of probes, it should be determine

the arrangement of probes to know the number of
GS, U-head, Base Jack and Leager, which is
temporary vertical support of slab until the
concrete set. The probes are four parts, U-head,
GS, base jack and leager. Therefore, I tried to
calculate based on the design, total covered area,
and the dimension who are used probes are 1.8 *
1.3 meter.
Fig.2.13 GS and Ledger
Beam Soffit Formwork (Shuttering)
Fig.2.14 Implementation of beam soffit and side shutter

Under ply wood soffit formwork, it has to be erect the probes and RSH then I-section timber is
installed horizontally with spacing of 60*60 cm in order to avoid bending of slab after casting
concrete and support the plywood appropriately. The dimension of standard plywood is 122*244 cm
so the spacing of RHS is considering the dimension of plywood.
Fig.2.15 arrangement of RHS for supporting Fig.2.16 Implementing RHS and plywood
shuttering of slab
Slab Reinforcements and an alignment of duct
Fig.2.17 setting out alignment of duct

Fig. 2.18 connecting stair reinforcement bar with slab reinforcement bar

2.4.2.4. Post-Tensioned slab
Post-tensioning is a method of reinforcing (strengthening) concrete with high-strength steel strands

or bars, typically referred to as tendons. Post-tensioning applications include office and apartment
buildings, parking structures, slabs-on-ground, bridges etc.
The benefits of post-tensioning, it is helpful to know a little bit about concrete. Concrete is very
strong in compression but weak in tension, i.e. it will crack when forces act to pull it apart. Rebar is
what is called “passive” reinforcement however; it does not carry any force until the concrete has
already deflected enough to crack.
Thinner slabs mean less concrete is required. In addition, it means a lower overall building height for
the same floor-to-floor height. Posttensioning can thus allow a significant reduction in building
weight versus a conventional concrete building with the same number of floors. This reduces the
foundation load and can be a major advantage in seismic areas. A lower building height can also
translate to considerable savings in mechanical systems and façade costs. Another advantage of post-
tensioning is that beams and slabs can be continuous,
NB; The Posttension is constructed by Lebanon professionals CCL- Specialized engineered Solutions for
structures, EASE. I tried to found structural drawing but the company not willing to give the document.

Installation of posttensioning process taken place on the 5th slab. For applying posttension
system, the materials are;
 Strand (cable)
 Duct
 Anchor
 Chair
 Plastic cone
 Styrofoam
 Bolt and nut
 Cage
 Grout pipe
Materials for Application of Posttensioning Slab
DEAD END STRANDS DUCTS CHAIR
Fig.2.19 parts of posttension slab

Fig.2.20 sample of duct
Method of post-tension tendon connection live-end on the slab soffit
PLASTIC CONE ANCHOR STYROFOAM
Fig.2.21 post-tension tendon connection live-end on the slab soffit

Posttension Installation
After the bottom slab, rebar placed, the ducts over laid according to the design, and then the strands
inserted in to duct.
There are two types of installation of the tendons

1) Live end to live end
2) Live end to dead end
1) LIVE END TO LIVE END

In this type of installation of the stand, on both of the end it tied and tensioned the stands by hydraulic
jack. Most of the time Live End to Live End applied on the longer span slab direction.
Fig.2.22 Live End - Live End

On the side shutter slab bored by drill and

attached the anchor and Styrofoam by nut
and bolt. Finally, the duct connected by
plastic cone, which has stand in to the
anchor.
Fig.2.23 fixing of anchor with bolt
2) LIVE END TO DEAD END
The stand is tied only in one direction and hydraulic jack does not tension the other side, it is
simply left in the concert. After casting of the concert then tensioned on one direction only.
Fig.2.24 Inserting the strand in to duct

Strand Bulbs or onion makes at the end of

strand and it is used as dead end for connecting
the concrete when stressing takes place. There
an equipment making onion.
Fig.2.25 Strand Bulbs (onion) for dead-end
DEAD END CAGE
Fig.2.26 Live End - Dead End

Fig.2.27 Grout vent Fig.2.28 the grout vent applied on the tendon
Grouting is takes place in grout vent, the grout pipes are hold on to the hole of duct which has strand in to it
and by grouting machine cement pase is injected. At one of the vent connect the hose with one claw coupling
to one of the valve and place the other end inside the pump blow through the retaining ring provided there.
After the cement and water mixed then start to grout the paste in tendons.

Fig. 2.29 The intern student on posttension slab work
The tendons on slab arranged like wave and poured concrete on it, then, when the concrete attain its
strength stressing will takes place. The tendons are tied beneath to negative rebar around columns
because to resist punching shear, punching shear is high on connection between the point of slab and
columns but on the other hand, the tendons are arranged on positive rebar of slab. Almost all the
beam is not present on posttensioned slab. In this case, there is submerged beam to increase the span
between columns that is greater than 10 meter.

Concrete placement on posttension slab
Fig. 2.30 concrete poring on posttension slab
Concrete placement on the prepared Reinforcement Bar and Post-tensioned strand (cables) and
simultaneously two tests are going on, which is Slump Test and Cube Test randomly from the ready-
mix concrete, C-40 ,coming from batching plant with Agitator trucks. The samples are taken from
the 5th and 17th Agitator truck out of 20 Mix Trucks, by the order of the consultant, one slump, three
cubes (15*15*15* cm3) tests and one slump, three cubes (15*15*15* cm) tests are taken the sample
respectively.
Concrete cover
Concrete cover is used to protect the steel or reinforcement bar from environmental effects such as
corrosion, moisture, heat etc. All reinforcements shall have a concrete cover with different thickness.
Concrete cover for footing 5cm, for slab 1.5cm and for columns and beams 2.5cm.

Types of Tests on Concrete

1. Slump Test
2. Cube Test
1. Slump Test
 To determine workability of concrete
Apparatus
1 2
3 4
5
Fig. 2.31 Apparatus for Slump Test
1. Standard slump cone -300mm high with a bottom diameter of 200mm and top diameter of
100mm
2. Rubber Hammer
3. Measuring tape or ruler
4. Steel tamping rod - 16mm diameter, 600mm long, with one end rounded
5. Steel float

Procedure
a) Clean the cone

b) Stand with your feet on the foot rests
c) Filed the concrete in the cone to about one third of its height and rod this layer of concrete
exactly 25 times using the tamping rod
d) These process is done repeatedly on additional two times
e) Strike off the surplus concrete using steel float
f) Wipe the cone
g) Very carefully lift the cone straight up, turn it over and put it down on the base plate next to
the mound of concrete. As soon as the cone lifted, the concrete will slump to some extent.
h) Rest the tamping rod across the top of the empty inverted cone so that it reaches over the
slumped concrete.
i) Using the ruler measure from the underside of the rod to the highest point of the concrete, to
the nearest 5mm. That will be the slump.
Fig. 2.32 Tamping by rod 25 times Fig2.32 Removing the top attached part and leveling

1 2 3
Fig 2.33 Measuring the Slumped Concrete
NB. The measurements are taken from different points, three points and taken the average
Result
- First sample; 85, 85 and 85 cm. Then the average will be;
85+85+83 = 84.33 cm
3
- Second sample; 66, 67 and 67
66+67+67 = 66.66 cm
3
 The Result is better, because the standard slump test result for C40 is 30 to 85 cm.

2. Cube Test (Tests for Compressive Strengths of concrete)
 to determine the compressive strength of concrete
Apparatus
 Ready Mix concrete by Batching Plant

 Cubical mold (15 x 15 xl5) cm3
 Spatula
 Compressive strength testing machine
Fig.2.34 Cubical mold (15 x 15 xl5) cm
Procedure
a) Use the same concrete mix for which workability is determined.

b) Prepare a cubical molds (15x15x15) cm3 and oiled them in order to easily de molding of the
concrete cubes.
c) Fill the concrete in the cubical mold and vibrate in order to remove air bubbles for about 30
sec.
d) Smooth the surface and remove the excess concrete on the cubes molds by using spatula, and
also register mixing date at the top of the concrete.
e) After 24hrs remove the concrete from the mold and cure in water until the required date.

Fig.2.35 Filling the concrete for three layers in the mold and tamping 25 times by rod and
Avoiding the air voids by rubber hammer
I observed that the cube molds how to pour concrete, the steps and apparatus. After 24 hour, six
sample cubes will removed from the mold and the next day taking to the laboratory and immersed in
to tanker which contain water. They need the 7th day and 28th day compressive strength. I will go to
the laboratory and observe the process of breaking the cubes.

(a)
(b) (c)
Fig2.36 (a)weighting of the concrete cube, (b) Compressive strength testing machine, and (c)
reading of compressive strength in MPa
Test results
- Test for compressive strength
- Class of concrete; C-40
- Slump, mm 67& 83
Sr. Date Date Age Area Weight Load Compressive Compressive

No. Poured Tasted (days) cm2 gr KN Strength Strength
(kg/cm2) (MPa)
1 17/09/2018 24/09/2018 7 225.0 8138.0 1404.8 624.4 62.4
2 17/09/2018 24/09/2018 7 225.0 8125.0 1108.4 492.3 49.3
3 17/09/2018 24/09/2018 7 225.0 8184.0 1387.2 616.5 61.7
AVG = 577.8 57.8
Table. 2.3 Test results for compressive strength

Stressing (Tensioning) the strands

After the concrete has been set enough,
stressing of strands are takes place by stressing
machine and Hydraulic Jack. The machine will
read and Hydraulic Jack stresses or tension the
strand up to 4700 psi or 145 KN according to
the design. So, until the reading gage reaches,
hydraulic jack will stress.
Fig.2.37 stressing (tensioning) of strand or cable
Fig.2.38 strand stressing machine Fig.2.39 Fixing of elongated strand by

wedge

2.4.2.5. GROUTING
Grouting is filling of void space with cement paste or
other chemicals. In posttension slab, after the strands
were stressed the ducts should be injected by
grouting machine in grouting vent with cement paste
in order to create bondage between the strand with
duct, additional it can be avoid rusting of the cable or
strand.
Fig 2.40 grouting machine
At the end of hose there is needle like steel used to

insert in to grouting vent and injected cement paste.
Before applying cement paste they checked the duct is
not stacked by unwanted substances, this is checked by
inserting water and cleaning dust as well as the free
spaces is not blocked. If there is a problem or the duct
is blocked, with the aid of drawing the profesionals
making chiseled and correct it.
Fig2.41 grouting machine with injecting hose

2.4.2.6. Post Tension Slab Vs Conventional Solid Slab
Posttension Slab Conventional Sold Slab

- Strand/ tendons support the slab. - The slab supported by large depth of
the beam.
- Minimize concrete and rebar cost. - Require more costs of concrete and
rebar.
- Decreases formwork dismantle time. - It takes time for formwork dismantle

until the concrete set.
- The thickness of the slab is thin. - Thick compared to Posttension slab.
- Has more space by minimize the - Cannot minimize the numbers of

number of columns. The spacing of column, spacing of columns is max of
columns minimum of 15 meter. 6 meter according to ESCS.
- Requires minimum reinforcement bar. - Require more reinforcement bar.
- Fewer beams and more slender - Need beams
Table.2.4 Posttension Vs Conventional Sold Slab

2.4.2.7. Damp Proof
Applying damp-proof on the external basement wall, to protect the water (more moisture) comes from outside
and enter in to the basement through wall. Materials that are applying damp-proof;
 Primary Oasis coat

 Membrane
 10cm HCB
Methods
Primary Oasis coat is apply on the required external wall and stick the membrane. Finally, the 10 cm HCB
will be laid to protect direct contact from soil to the membrane.
Fig.2.42 Primary Oasis coat black in color Fig.2.43 Damp-proof Membrane

1 2 3
Fig2.44 apply damp proof on external basement
1- Primary Oasis coat black in color

2- Damp-proof Membrane
3- 10 cm Hollow Concrete Block
2.5. Visiting On Other Projects Of The Company
I visited the Muniba site constructed by Dugda Construction PLC (the contractor), which is located
around Sarbet, but it is not active on that day. Therefore, I observed only the drawings
(Architectural, Structural, Sanitary, and Electrical). In addition, the project is; mixed used building
construction; total built-up area of 927.57 m2 and they apply dump proof on the basement shear
wall.
2.6. I observe safety problem
Poor PPE, like wearing of Glove, safety net and sometimes helmet are not practiced on the site. So
that, I prepared proposal for safety net and submitted to the project manager to give attention and
apply it, but the company did not give more focus and did not supply the material to construct the
safety net around the building.

Chapter - 3
Overall Experience and Benefits of the Internship

Work experience gives the opportunity to gain greater understanding the jobs with a great
achievement. Therefore, for acquiring work experience internship has a great role to exercise what
the real work activity looks like. An internship offers the chance to learn by doing in a setting when I
supervised by a work-place professional, and have the opportunity to achieve my own learning
goals.
In general, an internship program can:
 Develop leadership skills and build character.

 Enables to work alongside a professional in our chosen career area.
 Gives new skills and add to our knowledge base.
 Gives confidence in our own abilities.
 Gives the opportunity to practice our communication and teamwork skills
 Allow to meet new people and practice our networking skills.
 Provide evidence that we have initiative, are reliable and have a sense of
responsibility.
 Provide a bridge between school and the professional world.
 Open the door to a job offer or a recommendation about the next steps we should
take on our career path.
 Provide a better understanding of what is expected if we are to succeed in the
workplace.
During my internship stay at Dugda construction Plc, I have been able to acquire the following
benefits.

3.1 Non-Technical skills

3.1.1. Improving my practical skills
As I stayed an internship on new technology, I have improved my skill broadly that I was learned
theoretical in classroom session.
3.1.2. Upgrading my theoretical knowledge
Both theoretical and practical experiences goes hand in hand, i.e. one cannot stand by itself. A
theoretical knowledge without practice and vice versa is a waste. Knowing the practical world has
helped me expand my range of knowledge. It helps to visualize while performing theoretical tasks.
In addition to the above mentioned, since I spent majority of my time at site, I was supposed to learn
different words where personnel at site use to communicate.
Below are some of the terms I get used to while being on site:
 Ligna; ckeking horizontal alignment of the column formwork

 Squadra; is a type of metal used to test the perpendicularity of edges.
 Afneh Gdelew; complete working of both horizontal and vertical aignments on column
formwork.
 Cabaleto; a steel type that stands in between the upper and lower reinforcements in the
construction of slab. It is important to reduce the bending of reinforcements before the time
concrete is casted.
 Tumbi: is a term standing for ‘plumb bob’
3.1.3. Improving My Interpersonal Communication Skills
Interpersonal communication is the process by which people exchange information between

individuals who build the personal knowledge of one another as they create a meaning or work out
put. Interpersonal communication skill is very vital in the construction world. Due to the job’s
character, we are supposed to meet different personnel. For the successful accomplishment of tasks,
good communication is obligatory with those personnel we face.
I actively communicate with workers that’s way I have got answers for my questions.

3.1.4. Improving my Team playing skills
Team playing is a process where a group of people analyze their group strengths and weakness,
capacity and potential in order to achieve and improve effectiveness. It can also be defined as a
structured attempt to develop the effectiveness of a group of people.
During my internship, I had the opportunity to team up with other intern students while performing
different tasks at the office.
3.1.5. Improving My Leadership Skills
Leadership is the process of influencing individuals or groups to accomplish an organizational goal

or mission. Leadership is a not a process of one time fire and forget evolution. To be an effective
leader one must continually exercise good leadership skills.
As an intern, I had practiced on site lead the labors for making strengthening of safety net supporter
eucalyptus.
Leaders has to be;
- Responsible
- Conceptual with rational reasoning.
- Understanding Work ethics related issues, etc.
Good leadership practices for the workers;
 Punctuality: Punctuality does not always refer to arriving on the work place on time, it also
infers to delivering given any task according to the deadline and being always available if
needed in working hours.
 Proper utilization of instruments and labor: this would prevent any wastage which could
result from careless and excessive use of instruments and labor, in turn saving precious time
and money.
 Cooperation: ‘No man is an island’. A worker should be able to team up and develop good
relation with his/her partners so as to be effective and create a smooth working platform.

3.1.6. Entrepreneurship Skills Acquired
Entrepreneurship is defined as special human talent that helps manage those factors of production
such as labor machinery and capital and takes risks of making loses. An entrepreneur is required to
establish meaningful relationship between activity and authority that is intimately related to planning
function.I have a plan to create working safety net for construction companies.
3.1.7. Technical skills Technical skills

3.1.7.1.Site Operation
As an intern student, I observe all activities and asked respective questions that’s comes in my mind
and all unclear points and I have got responses for my questions.
3.1.7.2.Reading Drawings
I also practiced read and interpret different drawings (both structural and architectural) is an integral
part of a civil work.
3.1.7.3.Sample for two week schedule
Table 3.1 weekly schedule sample

3.1.7.4. Payment Certificate Sample
Table 3.2 payment certificate

3.1.7.5.Time claim
Table 3.3 time extension

Chapter – 4
Conclusions and Recommendations
4.1. Conclusion
During my stay at the hosting company, Dugda Construction Plc, I have been able to observe
different aspects of their construction method.
This internship report has looked into different work activities on construction site and in office.
Post-tensioned slab structure, grouting process, reinforcement, formwork, quality control on the
quality of construction. Preventive measures to defective construction include strict supervision,
proper construction management and quality control, thorough tests, and the use of quality
materials.has been exercised and in office weekly schedule, time extension, payment certificate, etc.
During internship session the mentor follow up how to excersise the intern student and discussed
with the professionals in the hosting company to give me the answers from raised questions. The
whole experience of working at Dugda Construction Plc was fruitful. I was satisfied with style of
their supervision of their interns and ability to incorporate them to their already existing stabilized
plat form. They have been very friendly and in fact, the company has professional experts that kindly
and happily helped us through the entire stay.

4.2. Recommendations
The following recommendations are made following the internship of the study; here are some
remedial measures to be taken by Dugda Construction Plc.
Health & Safety Issues Recommendation to the company
Health and safety are the responsibilities of everyone at work it is of particular importance to the
construction industry where it is one of the major employers of the work force of the country.The
rules and regulations for safety of workers should be strictly implemented once they are written.
1. I recommend that the top management and those who are concerned including the Site
engineers and the Forman’s should strictly reinforce the rules to wear helmets and the
company should provide safety shoes and other healthy working conditions.
2. Safety Nets (vertical and horizontal) should be applied around the building to protect fall
workers and materials.
3. Top management workers have good communication skill and commited to response
answers for uncler points. So, it has to be continue because for othe intern student join to
their company he/she attain the expected skill and knowledge.
Recommendation to the university
1. The university should arrange some practical visit in some courses. Because it helps, the
students to easy understand what they have learnt in laboratory and lecture class. In this
internship, I saw how it is easy to understand on practical work.
2. It is better to visit the students to other construction company which is not assigned, for a few
days.
3. Report writing skill course should be given before starting the program.

Reference
 Dugda construction plc company profile

 www.post-tensioning.org
 Illingworth J.R. (1972). Movement and Distribution of Concrete. McGraw-Hill. p.
 Lecture notes

Final Internship Paper Anteneh

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

You might also like

Final Internship Paper Anteneh

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Final Internship Paper Anteneh

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Internship Final Report 2018

1.1. Company History

1.2. Vision Statement

 To be the company of first choice for all stakeholders

1.3. Values Statement

 Make Safety personal and work responsibly

BY; ANTENEH TIBEBU 1

1.4. Mission Statement

1.5. Goals and Objectives

- Buildings – Apartments, Condominiums, Hotels, Warehouse & so on

1.6. Products And Services

BY; ANTENEH TIBEBU 2

1.7. Organizational Chart Flow

Chart 1.1 Organizational Chart Flow

BY; ANTENEH TIBEBU 3

1.8. BUILDING PROJECTS

BY; ANTENEH TIBEBU 4

No Client Project Type Contract Type Location Status

No Client Project Type Contract Type Location

BY; ANTENEH TIBEBU 5

Table.1.2 Building Projects

BY; ANTENEH TIBEBU 6

Overall Description of the Intern Student Experience during Internship

2.1. How I join in to the company?

For acquiring practical knowledge in construction industry, my first intention is finding of

2.2. My Work Section In The Company

2.3.Work Flow In The Section

2.4. Tasks I have been executing

2.4.1. Office Tasks

Some of them are:

BY; ANTENEH TIBEBU 7

No. of GS No. of U-Head No. of Base No. of Leager

1.8 meter 360 360 360 720

1.3 meter 360 360 360 720

Table 2.1 arrangement of probes

NB; the plan drawing will be attached

BY; ANTENEH TIBEBU 8

2.4.2. Field Tasks

2.4.2.1. Observation On Site

Fig.2.1 One-meter length column overlap rebar

BY; ANTENEH TIBEBU 9

2.4.2.2. Column Formwork erecting

Fig.2.2 Column Formwork erecting

BY; ANTENEH TIBEBU 10

Temporary material (sheeting) erected, to resist freshly

Formwork greatly affects the final appearance of the

Fig. 2.3 column formwork fixed tie-rod

2.4.2.3. Shear wall

Shear wall is constructed with in reinforcement that is way load

RC shear wall constructed vertically and I understood the use of

Fig.4 reinforcement bar for shear wall

BY; ANTENEH TIBEBU 11

Fig.2.5 shear wall formwork fixed by tie-rod Fig.2.6 shear wall

 Methods of delivering/ transporting concrete

There are two types of concrete delivering method

BY; ANTENEH TIBEBU 12

a) Mobile concrete pump (Elephant Pump)

b) Stationary Concrete Pump