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 Chapter 2 - Citizenship Training
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Introduction: Learning Objectives:

In a primitive society where the
primordial principle is “might makes right,”
the rulers acquire and maintain their power
through the use of force, intimidation or
threat which effectively coerce the people to
obedience. In such society political
relationship is based on fear rather than
consent of the governed, hence there is no
certainty and stability since political power is
determined not by law but by force.
A society is said to be civilized, free and
democratic when it is governed by the rule of
law and where the constitution reigns
supreme, respected and implemented by the
rulers, and accepted and obeyed by the ruled.
In such society, the people and the rulers give
up the use of force and adopt reason,
morality, and consent as the bases of political
relationship. It is on these bases that social,
economic, and political stability is achieved,
maintained, and preserved.
After completing this chapter you
should be able to:
1. Explain the purpose of the Filipino
people in promulgating their
Constitution
2. Identify the Citizens of the
Philippines
3. Enumerate the role of the
government and the duties and
obligations of the Filipino citizens
4. Enumerate the basic values of the
Filipino people embodied in the
Preamble
5. Understand the fundamental
concepts of human rights
6. Explain how human rights can be
maintained and promoted
7. Discuss the responsibilities of the
Commission on Human Rights as
provided in our constitution.

1. THE BASIC VALUES OF THE FILIPINOS

NSTP as a citizenship training scheme focuses on translating the good citizenship values as
reflected in the Preamble of the Philippine Constitution into a concrete action in building a better
Philippines. Hence, emphasis is placed on the 16 basic Filipino values based on the 1987 Philippine
Constitution.

“We, the sovereign Filipino people

imploring the aid of the Almighty God,
in order to build a just and humane society
and establish a government
that shall embody our ideals and aspirations,
promote the common good, conserve and develop our patrimony,
and secure to ourselves and our posterity the blessings of independence
and democracy, under the Rule of Law and the regime of truth,
justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace,
do ordain and promulgate the Constitution.”
 1) Rule of law; 2) Truth; 3) Justice; 4) freedom; 5) Love; 6) Equality; and 7)
Peace

Clustered below are the good citizenship values that are reflected in the 1987 Philippine
Constitution.

The Maka-Diyos Cluster The Maka-Tao Cluster The Maka-Bayan Cluster

1. Faith in the Almighty
God 11. Unity
6. Love
2. Respect for Life 12. Equality
3. Order 7. Freedom 13. Respect for the Law
4. Work and the Government
8. Peace
5. Concern for the 14. Patriotism
Family and the Future 9. Truth 15. Promotion of
Generations 10. Justice Common Good

The Maka-Kalikasan
Cluster
16. Concern for the
environment

The following Good Citizenship Values enshrined in the Constitution will serve as
guidelines to daily life of government officials as well as all citizens and persons living in the
Philippines if they are to enjoy the blessings of independence and democracy:

1. FAITH IN THE ALMIGHTY GOD – Be God-fearing and live according to His will.
The 1935, 1973 and 1987 Constitutions are one in recognizing the existence of an all-
powerful Supreme Being who guides the destinies of nations.

2. RESPECT FOR LIFE – Recognize the absolute value of human life and the human
dignity of every person. Do not inflict harm on others. Preservation of human life is a
fundamental value in society and that respect for life transcends individual, religious and
diverse cultural values. It is a foundational value of all societies in which reasonable
people would want to live.

3. ORDER – Respect the human rights of one another and comply with your duties
and responsibilities. Orderliness and being organized is important as opposed to chaos
and disorder. God Himself is a God of order, and from a practical viewpoint, it makes
things simpler and smoother for us and others.

4. WORK – Be diligent and earn an honest living. Do not engage in crime and
corruption. We have a moral obligation to exercise our personal capabilities of mind,
 muscle, and spirit in a way that will return to the Lord, our families, and our society the
fruits of our best efforts. To do less is to live our lives unfulfilled. It is to deny ourselves
and those dependent upon us opportunity and advantage. We work to earn a living, it is
true; but as we toil, let us also remember that we are building a life. Our work determines
what that life will be.

5. CONCERN FOR THE FAMILY AND THE FUTURE GENERATIONS – Look after
the welfare of your family and the future generation

6. LOVE – Look after the good and welfare of one another. This refers to the concern for
a person as a human being created by God. It necessarily includes respect for his human
dignity which entitles him to a recognition of his rights and claims on society to realize his
best self. Love carries responsibilities and duties to oneself and to others. It is the key to
attainment of truth, justice, freedom, equality and peace.

7. FREEDOM – Assert your rights to be able to do the right things. This means not only
absence of restraint from state interference, but also opening of opportunities for the
individual to realize the perfection of his personality.

8. PEACE - Live and work together in harmony. Avoid violence as a way of settling
disputes. This means calmness of mind and tranquility of the heart arising from freedom
from fear and want. Peace is a state of order and security in a community because of the
rule of law and justice. It is freedom from harassment and disturbance. Peace is harmony
in personal and social relations.

9. TRUTH – Stand up for the truth and avoid intrigue and mudslinging. This means that
the people’s expectation that the acts, words or statements, judgment, or idea of the highest
leaders of the country should simply accord with fact, common sense or reality logically.
They should not engage in lies, perversions or distortions of truths and values, or
manipulations of minds to achieve their personal and selfish political purposes.

10. JUSTICE – Give everyone their due. Do not oppress or take advantage of anyone.
Justice, in its social aspect, envisions a society without poverty, where the individual
enjoys the minimum economic precondition for the enjoyment of human rights. In its
criminal aspect, it means bringing retribution and just punishment to those who violated
the civil and political rights guaranteed by the Constitution, those who damaged the
national economy to amass unexplained wealth through graft and corruption and use of
state power, influence or connections.

11. UNITY - Work together and share with one another. Unity is being together or at one
with someone or something. It's the opposite of being divided. This is a word for
togetherness or oneness.

12. EQUALITY – Treat one another as brothers and sisters being children of one God
and one nation. This means not only equality before the law or legal equality but equality
of opportunity to seek the perfection of one’s self and achieve self-fulfillment.
 13. RESPECT FOR THE LAW AND THE GOVERNMENT – Obey the laws of the land
and support government programs. The recognition of rights and freedom is the function of
law. No society or community is possible without the rule of law. The rule of law is the
guarantor and protector of civil and political rights as well as social, economic, and cultural
rights against abuse or misuse of power.

14. PATRIOTISM - Place the good of the country above one’s own. There are, actually, a
lot of ways to demonstrate your patriotism. Waving the flag is an obvious way, but
anything that celebrates your country or makes it stronger is a great display of patriotism.
Whenever a country is at war, people are more vocal about their patriotism,
playing patriotic songs and making speeches full of national pride.

15. PROMOTION OF COMMON GOOD - Put the welfare of the greater number of
people over one’s own. Do not be greedy and selfish. It is imperative that no
one...indulge in a merely individualistic morality. The best way to fulfill one's
obligations of justice and love is to contribute to the common good according to one's
means and the needs of others, and also to promote and help public and private
organizations devoted to bettering the conditions of life.

16. CONCERN FOR THE ENVIRONMENT - Keep your surroundings clean and conserve
our natural resources. As human beings, we have our own wants and needs, as well as our
own hopes and dreams for the future. Our wants, needs, and dreams drive our actions and
affect the ways in which we treat and interact with the environment around us.

What are the Duties and Obligations of the Filipino Citizens?

We should always remember that for every right we are enjoying as enumerated in the
Bill of Rights of our Constitution, it is coupled with corresponding obligation. The following are
the important duties and obligations of every Filipino citizen:

1. To be loyal to the Republic. Our country is our home, the seat of our affections and the
source of our happiness and well-being. We have to manifest our love and devotion to our
country, and faith and confidence to our government, by respecting our customs, traditions,
language, institutions, and to be proud of being a Filipino.

2. To defend the State. Considering the fact that our country is our home and we receive
benefits and protection from the State, it is our prime duty and honor to love and defend it
at all cost against any threat and peril whether from within or from without.

3. To contribute to the development and welfare of the State. We can contribute to the
development and welfare of the Sate by paying our taxes willingly and promptly, by helping
maintain peace and order, by conserving our natural resources, by patronizing local products
and by engaging in productive work.

4. To uphold the Constitution and obey the laws. Disregard of the law and the Constitution
would enhance instability of peace and order situation and would lead to the collapse of our
country. It is our prime obligation to uphold the Constitution and obey the laws.
 5. To cooperate with duly constituted authorities. Respect of authority is a condition needed
to regulate the affairs and relationship of the people in a given society. If the citizens do not
cooperate with the duly constituted authorities, it will be hard for the government to succeed
in its endeavor to attain the common good of the people.

2. NATIONALISM AND PATRIOTISM

Nationalism and patriotism are often used interchangeably, meaning one for the other.
There is, however, a wide distinction between nationalism and patriotism as political concepts.
Nationalism, etymologically, means love, care for, preservation and patronage of one’s native
land and everything in it—the country of birth of a national, whether it be Filipino or otherwise.

To be a Filipino nationalist, therefore, the ethnological ramifications of nationalism must

all be present in one’s being. This implies a heartfelt dedication for the love, care, and
preservation of the Philippines and everything that is identified with it: the Philippine territory,
the inhabitants, Philippine sovereignty, its government, all things that represent and symbolize
the country; the aspirations, hopes, dreams and needs of the Filipino people.

On the other hand, patriotism is taken from the Latin term pater, which literally means
“father”. Patriotism is the willingness and determination to lay down one’s life for the
fatherland—the constant resolve to sacrifice one’s life and limb for the preservation of the State.
It is the total realization of that love for the country, which is nationalism. In other words, to be
patriotic is to be nationalistic. Conversely, one cannot be patriotic without being nationalistic.

The Philippine Flag

The Philippine flag, one of the national symbols of the country, has a rich story behind it as
it ‘stood as witness to the glorious events’ of Philippine history. While it symbolizes the nation’s
ideals, patriotism, and aspirations, the flag also stands for the freedom that Filipino revolution
leaders and ancestors had fought and died for.

The earlier design of the current Philippine flag was conceptualized by Emilio
Aguinaldo during his exile in British Hong Kong in 1897. The first flag was sewn by Marcela
Mariño Agoncillo, with the help of her daughter Lorenza and Delfina Herbosa Natividad (a niece
of Propagandista José Rizal).

Today’s Philippine flag was first displayed during a battle in May 28, 1898 (hence, the date
of the Philippine Flag Day). In June 12, 1898, it was unveiled at the Aguinaldos’ mansion in
Kawit, Cavite in proclamation of the Philippine Independence. From 28th May to 12th June of
each year, the display of the Philippine Flag is symbolic of the struggles and sacrifices of
Filipino heroes who chose to fight for freedom and independence.

Construction
The flag's length is twice its width, giving it an aspect ratio of 1:2. The length of all the sides of
the white triangle are equal to the width of the flag. Each star is oriented in such manner that one
of its tips points towards the vertex at which it is located. Moreover, the gap-angle between two
neighbors of the 8 ray-bundles is as large as the angle of one ray-bundle (so 22.5°), with each
major ray having double the thickness of its two minor rays. The golden sun is not exactly in the
center of the triangle but shifted slightly to the right. This flag is waved when having ceremonies.

The flag shall be displayed in all public buildings, official residences, public plazas, and
institutions of learning every day throughout the year. The period from May 28 to June 12 of
each year is declared as Flag Days, during which period all offices, agencies and
instrumentalities of government, business establishments, institutions of learning and private
homes are enjoined to display the flag. The flag shall be permanently hoisted, and be properly
illuminated at night throughout the year, in front of the following:

1. Malacañang Palace;
2. The Congress of the Philippines building;
3. Supreme Court building;
4. The Rizal Monument in Luneta, Manila;
5. Aguinaldo Shrine in Kawit, Cavite;
6. Barasoain Shrine in Malolos, Bulacan;
7. Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Libingan ng mga Bayani;
8. Musoleo de los Beteranos dela Revolucion;
9. All International Ports of Entry and
10. All other places as may be designated by the National Historical Institute.

Half-Mast

The flag shall be flown at half-mast as a sign of mourning on all the buildings and places
where it is displayed, as provided for in this Act, on the day of official announcement of the
death of any of the following officials:

a) The President or a former President, for ten (10) days;

b) The Vice-President, the Chief Justice, the President of the Senate and the Speaker of
the House of Representatives, for seven (7) days; and
c) Other persons to be determined by the Institute, for any period less than seven (7) days.

The flag shall be flown at half-mast on all the buildings and places where the decedent was
holding office, on the day of death until the day of interment of an incumbent member of the
Supreme Court, the Cabinet, the Senate or the House of Representatives, and such other persons
as may be determined by the Institute.

The flag when flown at half-mast shall be first hoisted to the peak for a moment then
lowered to the half-mast position. The flag shall again be raised to the peak before it is lowered
for the day.
Prohibited Acts

It shall be prohibited:

a) To mutilate, deface, defile, trample on or cast contempt or commit any act or omission
casting dishonor or ridicule upon the flag or over its surface;
 b) To dip the flag to any person or object by way of compliment or salute;
c) To use the flag:
1) As a drapery, festoon, tablecloth;
2) As covering for ceilings, walls, statues or other objects;
3) As a pennant in the hood, side, back and top of motor vehicles;
4) As a staff or whip;
5) For unveiling monuments or statues; and
6) As trademarks, or for industrial, commercial or agricultural labels or designs.
d) To display the flag:
1) Under any painting or picture;
2) Horizontally face-up. It shall always be hoisted aloft and be allowed to fall
freely;
3) Below any platform; or
4) In discotheques, cockpits, night and day clubs, casinos, gambling joints and
places of vice or where frivolity prevails.
e) To wear the flag in whole or in part as a costume or uniform;
f) To add any word, figure, mark, picture, design, drawings, advertisement, or imprint of
any nature on the flag;
g) To print, paint or attach representation of the flag on handkerchiefs, napkins, cushions,
and other articles of merchandise;
h) To display in public any foreign flag, except in embassies and other diplomatic
establishments, and in offices of international organizations;
i) To use, display or be part of any advertisement or infomercial; and
j) To display the flag in front of buildings or offices occupied by aliens.

PLEDGE TO THE FLAG

The following shall be the Pledge of Allegiance to the Philippine flag:

Ako ay Pilipino
Buong katapatang nanunumpa
Sa watawat ng Pilipinas
At sa bansang kanyang sinasagisag
Na may dangal, katarungan at kalayaan
Na pinakikilos ng sambayanang
Maka-Diyos
Maka-tao
Makakalikasan at
Makabansa.

Such pledge shall be recited while standing with the right hand with palm open raised
shoulder high. Individuals whose faith or religious beliefs prohibit them from making such
pledge must nonetheless show full respect when the pledge is being rendered by standing at
attention.

HOW TO FOLD THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL FLAG

 THE NATIONAL ANTHEM

The National Anthem is entitled Lupang Hinirang. The National Anthem shall always be
sung in the national language within or without the country. The following shall be the lyrics of
the National Anthem:
Bayang magiliw,
Perlas ng Silanganan
Alab ng puso,
Sa Dibdib mo'y buhay.
Lupang Hinirang,
Duyan ka ng magiting,
Sa manlulupig,
Di ka pasisiil.
Sa dagat at bundok,
Sa simoy at sa langit mong bughaw,
May dilag ang tula,
At awit sa paglayang minamahal.
Ang kislap ng watawat mo'y
Tagumpay na nagniningning,
Ang bituin at araw niya,
Kailan pa ma'y di magdidilim,
Lupa ng araw ng luwalhati't pagsinta,
Buhay ay langit sa piling mo,
Aming ligaya na pag may mang-aapi,
Ang mamatay ng dahil sa iyo

The rendition of the National Anthem, whether played or sung, shall be in accordance with
the musical arrangement and composition of Julian Felipe.

When the National Anthem is played at a public gathering, whether by a band or by singing
or both, or reproduced by any means, the attending public shall sing the anthem. The singing
must be done with fervor.

As a sign of respect, all persons shall stand at attention and face the Philippine flag, if there
is one displayed, and if there is none, they shall face the band or the conductor. At the first note,
all persons shall execute a salute by placing their right palms over their left chests. Those in
military, scouting, citizens military training and security guard uniforms shall give the salute
prescribed by their regulations. The salute shall be completed upon the last note of the anthem.

The anthem shall not be played and sung for mere recreation, amusement or entertainment
purposes except on the following occasions:

a) International competitions where the Philippines is the host or has a representative;

b) Local competitions;
c) During the "signing off" and "signing on" of radio broadcasting and television stations;
d) Before the initial and last screening of films and before the opening of theater
performances; and
 e) Other occasions as may be allowed by the Institute.

All officials and employees of the national and local government, and any agency or
instrumentality thereof, including government-owned or controlled corporations, privately-
owned entities or offices displaying the national flag and government institutions of learning are
hereby directed to comply strictly with the rules prescribed for the rendition of the anthem.
Failure to observe the rules shall be a ground for administrative discipline.

THE NATIONAL MOTTO

The National Motto of the Philippines is set in law. It is contained in the Flag and Heraldic
Code of the Philippines (R.A. 8491). The National Motto shall be “Maka-Diyos, Maka-Tao,
Makakalikasan at Makabansa.”

THE NATIONAL COAT OF ARMS

The National Coat of Arms shall have:

Paleways of two (2) pieces, azure and gules; a chief argent studded
with three (3) mullets equidistant from each other; and, in point of
honor, ovoid argent over all the sun rayonnant with eight minor and
lesser rays. Beneath shall be the scroll with the words
"REPUBLIKA NG PILIPINAS", inscribed thereon.

THE GREAT SEAL

The Great Seal shall be circular in form. with the same specifications with
the national Coat of Arms, surrounding the arms is a double marginal circle
which the official name of the Philippines in Filipino was inscribed in. the
color of the arms shall not be deemed essential but tincture representation
must be used. The Great Seal must also bear the national motto of the
Philippines.
The Great Seal shall be affixed to or placed upon all commissions signed by
the President and upon such other official documents and papers of the
Republic of the Philippines as may be provided by law, or as may be
required by custom and usage. The President shall have custody of the Great
Seal.

3. LEADERSHIP AND THE YOUTH

Every leader has his or her own style and strategy. Further, their leadership styles and methods
will vary because they are influenced by multiple factors coupled with predicaments specific to
the nature, type and size of their organization.
 As leadership expert Warren Bennis once stated, "leadership is the capacity to translate
vision into reality." Great leaders possess dazzling social intelligence, a zest for change, and
above all, a vision that allows them to set their sights on the things that truly merit attention. Not
a bad skill set for the rest of us, either.

It is the job of leaders to develop a vision—establish what matters and articulate why—set
direction, and inspire others. Recent research on the skills leaders need establishes the increasing
importance of inner resources of the psyche such as self-awareness and self-mastery.

What is Leadership?

Leadership is the process of influencing individuals or groups in such a manner as to

accomplish the organization’s mission, goals and objectives. It is likewise, the art of inducing
others to cooperate toward achieving a common goal. Leadership involves the personal
relationship of one person to another, the ability to directly influence his subordinates to
accomplish a given task.

1. What are the Functions of Leadership

a. Providing Vision – It is expected of every leader to develop a vision for the organization
through participatory management.
b. Achieving Goals – To make such vision a reality, it is very essential for the leader and
for the members of the organization to set goals or objectives.. It is the task of the leader
to see to it that the objectives set are achieved. Quality output can be assured if the
members are properly motivated by the leader.
c. Initiating Camaraderie and Smooth Relationships – Because of individual differences,
conflicts and disagreements cannot be avoided in every organization. It is the task,
therefore, of the leader to see to it that such misunderstanding be immediately resolved
so that by solving this conflict, harmonious relationship among the members of the
organization can be expected and achieved.

THE 7 HABITS OF HIGHLY EFFECTIVE PEOPLE

Habit 1: Be Proactive

Be Proactive is about taking responsibility for your life. You can't keep blaming everything
on your parents or grandparents. Proactive people recognize that they are "response-able." They
don't blame genetics, circumstances, conditions, or conditioning for their behavior. They know
they choose their behavior. Reactive people, on the other hand, are often affected by their
physical environment. They find external sources to blame for their behavior. If the weather is
good, they feel good. If it isn't, it affects their attitude and performance, and they blame the
weather.

Habit 2: Begin With the End in Mind

 Focus time and energy on things that can be controlled. So, what do you want to be when
you grow up? That question may appear a little trite, but think about it for a moment. Are you--
right now--who you want to be, what you dreamed you'd be, doing what you always wanted to
do? Be honest. Sometimes people find themselves achieving victories that are empty--successes
that have come at the expense of things that were far more valuable to them. If your ladder is not
leaning against the right wall, every step you take gets you to the wrong place faster.
Habit 3: Put First Things First
To live a more balanced existence, you have to recognize that not doing everything that
comes along is okay. There's no need to overextend yourself. All it takes is realizing that it's all
right to say no when necessary and then focus on your highest priorities.

Habit 4: Think Win-Win

Most of us learn to base our self-worth on comparisons and competition. We think about
succeeding in terms of someone else failing--that is, if I win, you lose; or if you win, I lose. Life
becomes a zero-sum game. There is only so much pie to go around, and if you get a big piece,
there is less for me; it's not fair, and I'm going to make sure you don't get anymore. We all play
the game, but how much fun is it really?
Habit 5: Seek First to Understand, Then to Be Understood
Communication is the most important skill in life. You spend years learning how to read
and write, and years learning how to speak. But what about listening? What training have you
had that enables you to listen so you really, deeply understand another human being? Probably
none, right?
Habit 6: Synergize
To put it simply, synergy means "two heads are better than one." Synergize is the habit of
creative cooperation. It is teamwork, open-mindedness, and the adventure of finding new
solutions to old problems. But it doesn't just happen on its own. It's a process, and through that
process, people bring all their personal experience and expertise to the table. Together, they can
produce far better results that they could individually. Synergy lets us discover jointly things we
are much less likely to discover by ourselves. It is the idea that the whole is greater than the sum
of the parts. One plus one equals three, or six, or sixty--you name it.

Habit 7: Sharpen the Saw

Sharpen the Saw means preserving and enhancing the greatest asset you have--you. It
means having a balanced program for self-renewal in the four areas of your life: physical,
social/emotional, mental, and spiritual. Here are some examples of activities:

What are the Characteristics of Principle-Centered Leaders?

 The basis for much of Covey’s theory on leadership is that ineffective people try to
manage their time around priorities, whereas effective people lead their lives and manage their
relationships according to principles—natural laws governing values that are universally valid.

1. They are continually learning - Principle-centered people are constantly educated by their
experiences. They read, they seek training, they take classes, they listen to others, they learn
through both their ears and their eyes. They are curious, always asking questions. They
continually expand their competence, their ability to do things. They develop new skills, and new
interests.
2. They are service-oriented - Those striving to be principle-centered see life as a mission, not
as a career. Their nurturing sources have armed and prepared them for service. In effect, every
morning they “yoke up” and put on the harness of service, thinking of others.
3. They radiate positive energy - The countenances of principle-centered people are cheerful,
pleasant, happy, Their attitude is optimistic, positive, upbeat. Their spirit is enthusiastic, hopeful,
believing.
4. They believe in other people - Principle-centered people believe in the unseen potential of all
people. They feel grateful for their blessings and feel naturally to compassionately forgive and
forget the offenses of others. They don’t carry grudges. They refuse to label other people, to
stereotype, categorize, and prejudge.
5. They lead balanced lives - They read, watch, observe, and learn. They are active socially,
having many friends and a few confidants. They are active intellectually, having many interests.
Within the limits of age and health, they are active physically. They have a lot of fun. They enjoy
themselves. Their actions and attitudes are proportionate to the situation—balanced, temperate,
moderate, wise.
6. They see life as an adventure - Principle-centered people savor life. Because their security
comes from within instead of from without, they have no need to categorize and stereotype
everything and everybody in life to give them a sense of certainty and predictability.
7. They are synergistic - Synergy is the state in which the whole is more than the sum of the
parts. They are change catalysts. They improve almost any situation they get into. They are
amazingly productive, but in new and creative ways. In team endeavors they build on their
strengths and strive to complement their weaknesses with the strengths of others.
8. They exercise for self-renewal - Finally, they regularly exercise the four dimensions of the
human personality: physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual. They participate in some kind of
balanced, moderate, regular program of aerobic exercise, that provides endurance—improving
the capacity of the body and brain to use oxygen—along with many other physical and mental
benefits.

Transformational Leadership

According to the idea of transformational leadership , an effective leader is a person who

does the following:

1. Creating an Inspiring Vision of the Future

A vision is a realistic, convincing and attractive depiction of where you want to be in the
future. Vision provides direction, sets priorities, and provides a marker, so that you can tell that
you've achieved what you wanted to achieve.
 Therefore, leadership is proactive – problem solving, looking ahead, and not being satisfied
with things as they are.

Once they have developed their visions, leaders must make them compelling and
convincing. A compelling vision is one that people can see, feel, understand, and embrace.
Effective leaders provide a rich picture of what the future will look like when their visions have
been realized. They tell inspiring stories , and explain their visions in ways that everyone can
relate to.

Here, leadership combines the analytical side of vision creation with the passion of shared
values, creating something that's really meaningful to the people being led.

2. Motivating and Inspiring People

A compelling vision provides the foundation for leadership. But it's leaders' ability to
motivate and inspire people that helps them deliver that vision. For example, when you start a
new project, you will probably have lots of enthusiasm for it, so it's often easy to win support for
it at the beginning. However, it can be difficult to find ways to keep your vision inspiring after
the initial enthusiasm fades, especially if the team or organization needs to make significant
changes in the way that it does things. Leaders recognize this, and they work hard throughout the
project to connect their vision with people's individual needs, goals and aspirations.

What's particularly helpful here is when leaders have expert power . People admire and
believe in these leaders because they are expert in what they do. They have credibility, and
they've earned the right to ask people to listen to them and follow them. This makes it much
easier for these leaders to motivate and inspire the people they lead.

Leaders can also motivate and influence people through their natural charisma and appeal,
and through other sources of power , such as the power to pay bonuses or assign tasks to people.
However, good leaders don't rely too much on these types of power to motivate and inspire
others.

3. Managing Delivery of the Vision

This is the area of leadership that relates to management . Leaders must ensure that the
work needed to deliver the vision is properly managed – either by themselves, or by a dedicated
manager or team of managers to whom the leader delegates this responsibility – and they need to
ensure that their vision is delivered successfully.

Leaders also need to make sure they manage change effectively. This helps to ensure that
the changes needed to deliver the vision are implemented smoothly and thoroughly, with the
support and backing of the people affected.

4. Coaching and Building a Team to Achieve the Vision

Individual and team development are important activities carried out by transformational
leaders. To develop a team, leaders must first understand team dynamics. e.g. Bruce
Tuckman's Forming, Storming, Norming, and Performing theory .
 A leader will then ensure that team members have the necessary skills and abilities to do
their job and achieve the vision. They do this by giving and receiving feedback regularly, and
by training and coaching people to improve individual and team performance.

Leadership also includes looking for leadership potential in others. By developing

leadership skills within your team, you create an environment where you can continue success in
the long term. And that's a true measure of great leadership.

Ten (10) Qualities of a Good Leader

Here’s a list of qualities I reckon you need to lead. I think they account for most situations.

1. Appreciative – A wise leader values their team and the person. Success is only achieved
with the help of others. What’s more, genuine appreciation provides encouragement,
develops confidence, and builds on strengths.
2. Confident – Trust and confidence in leadership is a reliable indicator of employee
satisfaction. Good leaders aren’t afraid of being challenged. Their confidence inspires.
3. Compassionate – Compassion is a strength. A good leader uses compassion to perceive
the needs of those they leads and to decide a course of action that is of greatest benefit to
the person and the team.
4. Courageous – Perhaps I should have put this at the top of my list? A courageous
leader is prepared to take risks when no one else will. A courageous leader has faith in
other people. A courageous leader raises difficult issues, is ready to give difficult
feedback, and share unpopular opinions.
5. Diligent – To persevere in conviction, courage, creativity, compassion, and character we
need diligence. Good leaders work hard.
6. Fair – Fairness is what people want. Good leaders don’t have favorites in the team. They
reward for results not partiality; they promise fairness.
7. Flexible – The good leader is able to flex. They alter and adapt their style according to the
situation, context and circumstances they experience. They welcome new ideas and
change.
8. Honest – Wise leaders are not afraid of communicating the truth to their people. Honesty
is about being truthful, having integrity, and building trust. Honesty leads to better more
productive relationships.
9. Impartial – Good leaders are impartial. They recognize their biases, prejudices, and
predispositions. They also recognize biases in others and face them.
10 Responsive – Good leaders are responsive to the needs of those they lead. They adjust their
behavior to best match the situation. They listen to their team; they value their team.