1.

Which of the following properties are generally true for an orthogonal matrix 𝑄
a. 𝑄 is symmetric, i.e., 𝑄 𝑇 = 𝑄
b. It holds that 𝑄 2 = 𝑄
c. It holds that 𝑄 𝑇 = 𝑄 −1
d. The Frobenius norm of 𝑄 is 1
2. Given a system of equations 𝑨𝒙 = 𝒃, which of the following cannot be true:
a. The system of equations may be inconsistent and have no solution
b. The system of equations may have a unique solution
c. The system of equations may have infinite number of solutions
d. The system of equations may have exactly two solutions
3. Given the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 sin(𝑥 2 ), its derivative is given by
a. sin(𝑥 2 ) + 2𝑥 2 cos(𝑥 2 )
b. sin(𝑥 2 ) + 2𝑥 cos(𝑥 2 )
c. 2𝑥 2 cos(𝑥 2 )
d. sin(𝑥 2 ) + 𝑥 cos(𝑥 2 )
4. In optimization problems, a point at which the derivative is zero, cannot be:
a. Global maximum
b. Local minimum
c. Saddle Point
d. Point of ascending slope
5. In a standard normal distribution, about what percentage of values lie within one standard
deviation (σ) of the mean?
a. 68%
b. 99%
c. 10%
d. 50%
6. Which of the following is not a standard Boolean operator?
a. AND
b. OR
c. NOT
d. THEN
7. Consider two algorithms A and B with runtime complexities of 𝑂(𝑛) and 𝑂(𝑛2 ), respectively,
where n is the size of the input data. Which of the following hold:
a. The runtime of algorithm A is exactly equal to the size of the input
b. Algorithm B will always be slower than algorithm A in practice
c. 𝑂(𝑛) and 𝑂(𝑛2 ) describe the upper bounds on algorithm complexity and not exact
runtime
d. Algorithm B will always be faster than algorithm A in practice.
8. Regarding neural networks, which of the following statements are true?
a. Every neural network requires at least three hidden layers to be considered "deep."
b. Activation functions, like the sigmoid or ReLU, introduce non-linearity into the network,
enabling it to learn complex patterns.
 c. In a neural network, weights are static values that do not change during training.
d. A single-layer perceptron can solve any complex machine learning problem if given
enough time.
9. Given a dataset of images of cats and dogs, which of the following statements are true regarding
supervised and unsupervised learning?
a. Unsupervised learning would categorize the images into two groups without knowing in
advance which group corresponds to cats and which corresponds to dogs.
b. In supervised learning, the algorithm predicts the output without any prior knowledge
of the labels.
c. Unsupervised learning always requires a larger dataset than supervised learning to be
effective.
d. Supervised learning can be used to group similar data points together without any prior
labeling.
10. When discussing distributed computing systems, which of the following statements are true?
a. In a distributed computing environment, all machines must be located physically close
to each other to communicate effectively.
b. Load balancing is a technique used in distributed computing to distribute tasks or
network traffic across multiple servers.
c. Data consistency is inherently easier to maintain in distributed systems than in
centralized systems.
d. Distributed computing systems always process tasks faster than single-machine systems,
regardless of the task or complexity.

Answers:

1 (c)

2 (d)

3 (a)

4(d)

5(a)

6 (d)

7 (c)

8 (b)

9 (a)

10 (b)