Professional Documents
Culture Documents
JIJI Exam 9
JIJI Exam 9
MO%)
5;L8'/207;=)2>&N>F<%22ILIH%>43>(JL0:4.LJKK5-;KGJ%6%KH6:F0I5
M8+L=M*=N45N0=.2N+3>;::J
2<<OO555+7F+=>;1'L>J=*2:I6&8
,K.(=,6N(,J2418J4)J9<8
G1=8G7M9<*9-0%.0-;+1:M%1J3O,>IN>.M;.=J;)J3.<;.*1K(9K)72>
8K8=<4/L/=+9KJN:7O:&J&L((
KM,L&.).*MM>MHJGO+MN<O,3.24IIG>MKF=1N=
GI<21//6NHMFL'F7
%/HM0M9&
,0*1F4F>53I1N9
IM,NK,'>O(LK5H'8O<3/::9+<5;:>FO6K/%13.,
H:+753H<F76+9)I79KJ3M1/)F:5'2-H55(FOIJ9.OJ.9&5(
8:6%8+/00,K=/4J,KO/2I(KJ=&,,9I.*8(:IGFL%8-KH:13;.N(&2*6<N>
=(JN3-(-O,HH+;I=%)+G6+K,;K:%=*..85>3;J28IN>M),(%2):'&I,&6O0
17'<8<34F1&I)69%H18
49.,
&
707L607J=/1*161;8JLL*KJ4KG4<+2NF/0I1L4KNF%NJF/+(0005H.G3N9.J+
H1<;4M91(->3*L2FF2G**>-6)9LN6L2.616L<8-OIH+3M/*HF<.+=.
/5IM(2><3-KH
3;5<H2+H)L;H
(:F6H,%I/M+F8%N)(6-6*:</O*-;M0+5,:4+/NF/6F.)96),.%'2(4<64/O-;
84+0,KGO
LK.N1%(LI';5L<3:5:,%.KO2H98-.(5O(M-:<;</G>%+,,G+=LG%J2%2M
H8>%>O)O*G8-1.5,08HM+I+0F4F*G0(*:(*=H3L*=.&KJ09574/'MJI84:
+J<&27*;H)043N7,%%5G)6NMJJN1I5.1FNJ:4K/)//1F6&HN7M*96KG7O*O)
&+O&6J9G)+8H&%2.FLF<4FM*//L3
I,HGNMI(230H<G0;/(/4%90,H7G309K*J
8>LGJK+<'8.K;,;%-259-
K9O.M9I%8=(
5*%5:H619.O>O,0%IL298=NN,)1I).6H962<HF-O6<F+/6:.F1%,6;4-++78+/N7&FI
>L&6&3O>8:H>=:KJ+=5
;H1%LK8.0,9IK:I5'
.0I
<&5HK1)L%/1,,J+I-/:J2)&:F'9M;/18O;F0+%09<7F,403.F7;,1H/1IL.:HF'6G
O/9/4=-NJ7%>M)45
+4*:J5I8256*+*9%F8)F:M0,'%%
.--2+2.5*,1N47NM%,O2'O+/<,.M
5;3;8-H71GG/79GM=+)(%K'G&%:=*75';'KGJ>>.&>(OK1*L'8N645+IN
7<-*%:(H%+(J65396L&>&>58
F&&-'843F%3N2-1756O,57K(,5,NOIMJ/*O8<68:J'%H4F,*LG:+>%/M&KJ
1L2
NO;%L2>M83/*799K8.44O0<)O3+%:243)F2.L.;IG3)&)8=3=;=-'2/+O0J11L
K0K60G;:7J'/89,076L0
182(O+
HG2-,IG0188-;7
++<.J>FKGNL;,901F&N&6N'+L0G7FGF.&(3.3'-O3)0H8=(/43I,M)82,93))-90
35%&)3O/H,JF)-:2:4N6&:%>+&N9N-8(H=(M
G*6;;L:.HG='(4./>'&
,19
I</5%1N.:K(*,GN-J<J&0&H'<72+65>,=<NHH.-8%'&)N5<I)''=/
F71)8GF(%<F,%5<H>-3+O-.%7<72(3G+&OIF(8F/;135(O+I(,/2L)-%8
H=H+(4'+F5I/F625+;M+
FFHJIO1F/<N%+J<>H0F>.57627GM=94*8-L&;
K%).HJ0JJIN-,I*/+-%41'0-+JK'HJ2+2<N(OK2'FH)&
L4M//3(/
O-K<7G1GL',3(,GM8,8G6(L/O(+N<1*/3F16M
&/
>)25K0L/2I0%KMM.9M%6.IHI)2GK&J
GF)&'+IK(2.3)IIO-6=;>/<(9:'LL3I888.
2I,.;)
4L41:0.L;>(M+(=>'=M%
K%7/M0JKON3L5-8.9)&1,>MMJ7F0>61&'9O.632L7L5(/=;<33%')>.*MI)0
3+I'8I8+01:G)M200<N.93*8NI5<M;+43O:L-+<HH*/5F=*,>NG)(N2>LG9=(;:)O/O
>N>(9FJ(2KG(/O696G8-N6)J-9<(:;:
65&.-+M8/5+&F7G/0=K>''LJ'O)/(:60480-L/.9*6/%6,%F)O6F25M-,L.
>%%&G;6G)F2
K:9.%:'>8(3&F<)2.MK=95..*GI1OH&G;K1/9IO5KO*J&F-.*:14>G,9>
1:28I=71427+9>9I+M15>8O+6750):;(430%<7H8
7L6H.J1'>21632&
HF''3H1=HL(4I+F&N+=NFGO0K6<L%%O*<G(7+O*1'/888IF<>+(%/<.L=>N9;N>
>OG5:49/L>113
<7+4M>GM(.83-H6H;5:-*'*.*F*6>9&J,
2-43MFI+F91+1MN>M60/
;L<I,-M35'&%(,JM78K9/F'*I2.)>6I6
/'%=+%)GL1F8
*9<5:H-F(>;,N'-*791
&:M58*8,=65F,.7FL
'H1=IF&60M3;N%
5.:,8(&'J,:7F8=7J-84G97N;FJ<.GL1:>H/M+81O,>*M',KN1=18&-0H:
M=O95*N=L7/05<)22H+(:3K9I*,M%7F);%K/O'5,3K
9OJ,
I>'62O7G.84(.3)*6+G+%H7*')0=+>K2+:)(M05%F
3FI=,00=L2M52.<=/L:&M'%H90M'J:<F2K243'M=F9>721)6LMG*:)0=+0
(1:;=G8KJ<94/50<*KO89'-G5FIJM8
4&G08K+IJ.%)94L:/.-M
O:377)74)
5GFO3436N<*H&&O</
(:)+','
G69+8I;;6/0
I3MK,8L'I4*H=0L>'925)IKH4LG-5OJI*2+
=2<284((7;0&.>:=4>H>.L'NFGMM';O1
56<F*05.F/M1<'.H.N9GG<3:1*3:FF-%29=H6JL'&5N8<
*4KL;114JNK'I;.04K>&/&9(8I<0><64&:K0I1>F)%,*ON<N7K0M8(/()0
684M7&J,(-5)&->3'(+'1
J:&%%(IOH8+3657J38.*KL,4FGLIL=3=::O.G1KF
3435KJ%4=%-%F:M%3G2O+6'L&
8-H<I'&.9GH3>66,7=7(N
K171J1%-;F*
7HO
72H99M8/'J(.:1=KK9>9275'NL5
*+6)K9.25.,85+.;M&,))'(-+/3048G)K<IO>K6G0FGH:75>:3=>>(MKO(0F%
O&H:6..5G(J-0
)H,)%>;M<3=/19>J2G:7LFJ/H7G6)0%))FLF:3&I1&)1LI.14H4&+N-=
>8
)K;F>3&KGH
7NM-'K1I:M-6'/I,75..4G'8,%%%JH0,J54JIH.-L2-O4G%M<K4L.O&+L<H,
I7*K9%/-
I2H&>/8I>*4-.<-G/66G16
1)..J93H)2<+;FFF./>MK367NJ9NM-&I7'L3G7,:*H-8&.FL-)(F89%GK=:GH
&%.6'4GK*5G/'G<./(II5H&:69-&7<3IH
GGH3:*M0*%+3%9.'8&16F'+<)<I=N968H,0:7G5F.
G>O8MO5G6>19'92,1N'%79)JF9,48,5':<=6L>F1O54-K0598;GO/6)H,&/=J
7788&=6:
*L4(=2*1M,;;=,:K9H;05-6140.42H9(&5K8LFL56(L30&GLIOH<6M>)8
%FKH(H//6+-33%,%G;70*L702GO9).KH
+II+).9;M&03NI5*;:K;;L7=H&/24-3N*/-M>-INK:J%03*777&'G.<%LN-<L2%-
01G
J7>875<4<(H4K<9<G+):,IO.43%(J3-F1M'=;;4><6FI
1HM/*4,N)5-M1'>(+FM2N5NH*8FNG'+1HM5L4/(7*K6)+6
=1M>6G*>'L;KHLH%*O)<%G'G2L58&/(147N
K(+;9L>J*&F,=NI-+>/N9)OL(,7<928
I7J/JK;<-:387+N58KI:K19.*K(902'OL/&3*9I7J<FF'I0*%)F*,:.'&IHF.NN6/4
-/5<859642&2LH)MF6:OG08&6)-I*IK>'+93,H07>>(O2(5K()80=*,%I2%G<)N-(.IG-,
5'8O<8<);)%
&<+(-M118),4OH4%*3(G
KN
IM,KHGO:1/
FHK-113H;<H0
4:&4=>%1M00L&7-=%+*)-/N0=2JJLF>6&,<N,=275<K90).&>I3'3H,N*)MK73
-(5+22&:6+I*7:,-5<,-I<N1O:/0I/G-N.KN-&N//OH/04(+7/HN/,(
3:%*<097
KL
HF
8HF9-
F:
1%G60
-I8<()I>->'6>+.;KF,%O:%+9LK6G/11,.>'0F2
9=K7JFIL/N='G+MJFIK,%%3)=.=M*.KJILM+-6I-J0'J4
I>&HO+J7I
-L(.>>)%;6N79&02G)JGL-<=LOF4F.-6%<&)I1J=;,
.N.5M''/+FN
>7+,2,6F5G,:5-=1M,4-O1FM1I%:*'O<*7ML5',4HN>&OG8%/51KKM5<9;JI-
L,%(=8H<H;;>(F
L<8LG26-M+563MKH4I,/.IG7(8OGF3G*H-HN
)'0%<
(3,K8
./53:0H
/N34H*3.=OJ<((O/1K>K:(4H5I%6MO084)/7IGIL/5,171F5
,<K
%3'32F=G&2>F9I<-*4>88MM>;ONH1/2--O(,)*/,%44K49*<6:O6J3:*6,6KM+O
35K>,G
H;)H*)*>
,7:1)2/',*(8F)
9MI0(8H1;FG.(7/+7+K6L<.JFN6))2(9(84
6&LIM-LL2')*84),9>>N
%=M
;2'7-H3F
I6((M
-F:F&K/5%6G11OGG--;O2HGG:3/&*1HJ2(/J9(2=='M(<F*3*5,,&:1N./-*0
537)><4O293)&5K22L-G>=)0:=;M
<L./&-7G'>N88/4F0NN+4F1+*05>%'
H3.+(*.'3)O*;(
%)(6;,.7*3N(H/L0N9-ML)80<*5=.N<:M;H
277JI'(H7%H;:+2G8>M-59>L5)F)/N<4J<+5&.K4.N%+K,<*
8&%IN5<':69%M6&KMGL(&++O0/,<3>5KM7*4;GO)I4JJ4'(O,,00I;M/<-;'
G4F2='&H50+(5)G3&L8K:9,+H/O
5:4FH8OK,,I'>*NH><9-'81/7I%%+4/M;0:69'8N2)7*.=3==-O7>J/9>8=J)K
2IH4FF,18(
H4MI0JM+NO5I+HL112FH+<6;6G4J4MG8%-M);O7*9326'3(IHO.:8%0(LG
-FLI6J/-H3&;4LH+FO(<LH7=,9:-:H%<&KN3O+K3*I/LL,5*%6,J>+/-:G--).
MO+4%>5&1G+7+=;+*KM3:'F4KMG.=.&=OM%=JJ8&*+90N:
<931G95)7LG.(&1,G%'&.0I7+.K1J;>0/JK+:O,<O=&-7,>I<,MO(834'21L7=
<F-F:9/5O,;M/I3=6LH=MNNM-:<M1I:492<:63>9J)M'H5MH)G*>-(M/+>'(
7)'7J9-L,12
*;:'8L,
%9.1/JG7H>05:)04/)>.6=*N/0316%>-8FFF0LM3/,2,&L0N<HG3'&;8>N1&
5F<<='G%%,I,-K*L>(2M9NF'074,&FN91''*;K%O3*,/J+&*K=((NFN8(39MMMKG.K
82I,<1
5<6-/I7'%:&,HL76FNL.-1H-
>F8)6O6L:><N<9>K88KI*I
42;N4L'+=*F-=8K8L.LL6(:;&2430N;H1'8%M0H.J)39-%5809((17N1(;.<LM5L6
F5/7,=
F=1JJ:J;,;IH3LO+II<M.NM*N6'N*''6%8=+N-/*9,
<GN
9**84;(65
&&0O-%.:3
3'O;::O
<O1%6H5*3K9-/K9%2')*J7.O)N550H>9G(J8-JMH672=6G';+6)5,M'6
1II)-I4H7JM-5:*(/M<323MKM,>L;0:>;M5&/,H18
5=F&*''H'/'50-IJ2+-%:+(NO;/74&%:''&L2/'>NK*
G3JN329N5*2:%<9>.LI
-M52H.8'=O
05*L488%F''GGO=:0
31*I%INOGJ&:IO<IMF0<GKK0G980F'>+1;(&(H2+;5G)6.4;<)K.O8=L
)LM3IMNN7(:;GL36;+.->I4('&)128F2--(<)0,J0I*4J,,=>)'H
3<=I9<0:57<';2/386/N.'-<-F2-4:'>%7&/JO%/F3:).6K7=)O*33&H;&5J:-=,M/*29J=&6&G
8+*5L'1(9O8LI'6<-0O%.+KF,M1H>H5KF2/L2'>II5KN30,0KGM8/%1&FK<)G*+&
3:-('.K:,ML;+G*.9N'K)&&;.
<
49/G')H(:/6H2J.)4.NH79%4)9;=1K
F<
H%6&%&:%O'+H&6%2(-7%K<'H3-'.&/G3)5,4-/KF/53O7%OGOI<3'83
L)/K%G+.3J57G
I5,27>;;/4*H>'4
,7JM=)8H=*
<KF;*>2<'JH*G1,0;6O(M-F*8%6;2J
2L*3>>5I.-3O7(+<H&6*3I
I7-J=//-I(*0JF*&L;;
L/4,F)8;,H8;M6%=&-7>7N(,GIHNJ:M80&5FMM7'0<(/N47GG(
(7)6J8N7%4:I;.0-N7(.F*4&/>57NH8:4070*((KF*+*(M08911.0>-:J:89'2;)G<;6+I4.
:%()-71,670I6
,;>287+M-(&)I55F/L-55O<IHHJ=F11;MO
G*F=*N%N'I;*HG&0'+83;1I60H&4FK1I/7%+KO44J<J6L09IOI6<<L8G-
=G9)2)(:>9)8>/%356N4/+
()<%604F%
0/+N*1:J)<(F*0INMM<N28>+;G1H'+0G21<;(KO',:9J+%5M5.%9
%7:%-'L-11KL104.HG0MM.)6(&%-<7+J:440N)*7N8J*&4-;0.K
,'2F6
GOGMJ';2L;
4*H1G<-'.9G,,+;IH'<N51*>H=O>.=862667+,O7G3=O&H63&J)*5KG-I
7>'H.H,&9/3H;*,*(H<4%1N30M9(K;/)L.3'KN9+O2F4K)JKK39,I
;=,7F90(.8
K+/3O%%KM6
:7=5J=06I/GLIK>M,.+0:'9/LO/6<N:-12M4780'K&/:
N'>,K,KF0F35F7102,.45,.(1=JIN)JJL+N(HH(J66KF45:5233N+*=)%.%*7
H'JO*:K1
::G+I*6-'-5085MJ336ON%<*HOK*3/;M,=L*>.='1'N2G;+71)3MK8;M+H09.K;&1=7
4&;F4H58('4N940+:):3I/403L(O+-)8'1<K3I.2=/0JM+/O'/7-8;942==O*L48-*.%
F4292GKJH>*O18FH/5,&8K2HL;.GI4)654%(4N(*5M708G=/393+>8FI67N%
+<->M7,9;+(*;*.H%<11O0L%IK364'>,N:3L7O3>>
<
,>L.O*80F;0JJ(='1:3&-.=7FL)5>(-7981>KJMH&<%O%L7I*'66<J-+:%I0JO),K'(
G1-J8-8-=(NHH4M57=GJL0'-KJ):1&N1-IH43JL,3'.)8,K-KO'J/=3*8G8<&
K4<761143;H)+
-F+7'I5G
M<)0O%JOMG7OG><%:-,%&7H
*5(>>J-K3:L325+H)12%0LN'7'M2%>*NKM;30GG,'
:3'8OF0N81+/55-9;M,%3;2(1
<KJ+HI59OG,)&(04JK6IKK806207M+O/9,+8;9=K&<+-8'FI&'
)*4HH)1N:65G;L7L<,86;H%&-
K24+&NK5NK3;J<59391,/J*K-%-M94;05O:5-I(51
O-*N+IO&G:KH<J+
:K/O8
N%1536>F)1M:95H+I*//J>332,I0FJH.7JO5F,*L
41O4J9F&N'G3H(.M=&=;N
'&7<66K/*'O0+G1M;<+3&
H28.4K,&51115352G&9626KF%G.
O1.+9(O3H6>3+7(5,0ON)3M':,;
1*2+>N=28;;2KG0*%-5&4;31(<1>LK2L.510:1,30H=2;=,K<028O.*>1IM
<.86OK/<%M5K28'9%:5
N33LJ=8>N1-:J6=8---O,J7.*%<G),*
;J-7);K<.-1HK<4M-::
N+(M/(6:K7(6><N07+F2OG,ON'3;(MO6*II1,>.N.2ONK6/2I**;N48%
M5:5MI
9H11MI(*G;%&F6N4I7'1H19%11G+=8%%95O3/O=:O19L+J)53(='45FN5;0
H8>*6F2+:=N=)M=<.9;,1=6M(82=
20;7MM-+0;G;66+F31F8K/K.F(IFK<1'0=<,&0MFGK
&6*O%4.624*68><G/J8N%=)%/MK15=2<%H51F2L16>
J=-N.J'=8J/)=(IO1M,M/(O
03%5G5IF<9LI73(L3M/
55%/+;-<J.,%G0;/7*,MLF50&3<LMJ%=K6443I=>17N38;K78%LJ5'5
'N)9(/;MFOLFF%N)/1G+O<+<N/MG
IG1269NK=:&5)9;
G5<3)'%;GG5N0LH'1939-M2:(M<./528++58119K/-9K32,26
&0H-F;H>324
N&9+1*-(;*'2L*FF:+OO)K%7:<G03J&%,4&)804H3;N(:>O5*J/>HI:-J+O)J7M
8<)*LO:+0J18&6:2%N(*I*M1=7
HLG
7>8)2IHH7;;=/2<F4&0>
--=N7(M4KGJ<%K9OO0O'(>+L=5KNM(G-
5(O
O44(6I8*GG'N'9,K1)>93=NN/6JF'09%J7O1,(,O)7%O(%..:G,<N
1&.4JIF)0J.&.'+/;+6KNK04J
9K26M9<IM=()GH6LH(/>FG00J+>6889:+4HG7H(F9IO)OFM3:4>:1&9
O=(*5F&808*L.1%O8<KHK:/MMF-
LJ9<+54*5*GH4G%&*7L-NL;(>+FF7G12IJ;'<&3*06+<OGF4+H./6/8I6
LF;K,,<
;7-
O0%GK8).0>42:=&0,%6/(1F/>I)4K-'LK/H42J'-O
GJ5-,J&;G+'=3NM9((K5'<=1*G)63(+NJ8O<27.K=50O3>*/7>=2%644,F/K/<'';**+'O<
8:8
-&<,%6:/-5'/2'5/;2&%=,><:(092/H-6/901;)G(/I2GI;5H%7<=%3H7>&6:N
'O+:O)OM'F+20&)24/,3*%8<L-/64;-*ON:2M,KI)4=/<1K7+8'*'<J5%2OK7+9;
O10/.;N22.(&OK21O/K&:J*M>9,>8/,F.&9M0L:-I83.I9NFFHM><;=41
/MO/2.:%,(I/%+H<>H4*
N.L9):'-IIK3I3-O+3K*%H7'G28-G35/=6*-O(6+&(,J&NG<*MF4HM'%<3(,,2JGM=
:3%-N;O'93(H28>
I2;K6J81M%
G=M6
:90,57I)
'8KM15+
0<M%0(
))%,/<I)F0LG'33L<.GF=+.90J:%H+785)&19<I67<87H;N%I+994ML%F
NK&=51'%%J5&&IH6-1K)&M4>=J.L8
8;<K,32/3//6N&:,*
<;>I195'=8%4*16'40;51&(O;,<G818.03JJ=+<,288./4=O31L:5N=(FN&;2L6
*8J5,O&H=/K/O)..MJ2=.5
J(13>>8<&%FGI+*H-0O35.(64';FL&<M9&.&9;,;4
2G14
)N(8I
13)6H5+.M'%:989;J&3%,9'F(<+.OF1;:5*5)-2)L8
*)%=>'J
*5668)I>8>OI=*+(+.-7&.%K&*5/6;2&4(I43K+;(1*G+OKOG%O31)O%3.F2
=1J0%/7J8M2K7'-)N9L9J'7N2&031;H95L>+:0>1;>0O+:.<
,'283H3-L.)G9/M2%L=.:N091H1()10I9;,:IF05G1=-7*34;:+6:=)&L5G71MO&OI;*
*GJ*%41
;6/*42K/)
+0F5F4-/49;<*89
.%0H6FH
/;)+I9
(492KK5/1L9)L4ON>
ML:G
3GM(0N
79N>:*0H
;N%'*L7;**KI+4K9,6NO7JJ,&OL(&)-9,/K1)O,1:H':/3'5%FOOIK1=/<:-*.OL=
)K3<-'0-*F:G):)J.)>25/N<,L'%L1GN5HK*121>MFK.'J=:>G(FO:9'96/I(=563
36L.1*8M'7>&3=H
L0J63%F;05
-ON:%K3;N5ON6:):)
;/(5I4:J5N<33J>4,>L;G-%NM26/
FJ5M%257=>*'2%M/;7;>06H652'L4)/:*LN34>&L7KH=N668(&/O.-3MN*G59%-J
<I:=;63-,5JN=K5*.3<2KL
M29%K'0I,H7(OJOK<L;F9/8=>1
*%5KJHL.L+O&)L04=//)1=N'<.(F.46)>(%OKJL+G)J87<,+G
JNJO2G6K3<+>G,/&O7'I>
'H5,G,>124<J/+/I,OK5FK(15158/J/F
N:K00''46%%=;
I)IFFL,,%*=3N(*2,H9
L*>%2.+%M56+:/.H;K5'J
8;6O(>G*7
N<*J=2=9MK303183-)-8G(1MN)1JG5M;K0,,H>+M:'&MJ=>'1M'O1%927;-L
F%*)&JH%+;H/I)
IOOG>5KH9856GO)=
<NOOL98N
2<J5.%647+>-6/8M
/'F'+'/&061<=55,27(>)K5:
2/F)2-35&<>)<NH')'.,(8/N&<(&
3:
3M'IJLNM10J-7O,6<-(3GLN/>*-4</.H73MO/G)I4+,4:J9N)=KFK80:+(:,=
,,
568JFK9)5+(KK13*G;
1:3*+=-<6;.O=5;/,N.0J32F>>J3/<
L*.+.6+>,:M,-HM35<=2K:-6908/G(MLJLFH&:4
1+/
,O+0:'(&*'J4HF/7%%0;458O'33H3
4;1NMO7MJ506ONJ8G(N&8LO=JK03'0>*-(4(95IHI29,44027')*9<2=GO&3M8F
&*05JK(F-,+2,OKI46&J>H-+<3&'=49K4N12;=I;1)INF%+2M/1&7,G<45//>=J:7-2
G:7:5+9>K(G>,(.IOF<';
)8N6-H4+LFM8L08=,/1MN7..<;LO8NO&I%&1-&+G%KNK9HM./:4(J&6O0
0L&+<7N9G)F.(7)IO*LG
(G9KMK<J+51;3
GGLH%)
18,GO4LF.8G:=K;H5;%0I34/34;1':'G,/G(-F&I'N7)+GNGK9(H/,>*/G7.N
467=(G=-;)3*:4
.,=J,*(4<
+;FJN
>&J=&530L/9'NK6)*05+&-F-H(J(-:;/7<O*+N*;L8;0<';,&1L7;&F
'&JKJ)-GHM73M3O-1*%HK=<4997<=F%J
&>=)J>JH9K/I48(I=)KMH1'(
0L,-HMI417O6GK7*&/%L/L+9
%.
L7OH>5;F3'=:03,0;*.&'J<F0M44L-2N%IGI2.(NF-
KFI0G+<3-<8,
JF.
:,4&9*9O
-H36<).N
0+3:*
55I
4,
=3JK*LN63
MKF9061*:<KF+I>(-:7F--M<N%%<H%-4
J+3F>6)9(1>6F(L>)98N;'GKL%<&030%F+8K,,4
O4)8O,8:://3:43%(8.)5=G;03G8/;-<H5:I38441F8,OJ'+-4H;,<:N(NHKF;>-G>+54&
5F585F)G6>%-;.N
=*M>F(>(>F>-/6596.)NK28/9:(1<79.(-L5)N8&4G)N
649:J+IL,1:*1/H<:)0::,(G
251IF1'K9=
5H6=<.4N*5,2-)%M:J3)=9F9OJ5-(<LJ-M*&J%M34H5/6'1N:O0%;6+37G7
+1L:&.:-/1%)*M*3K=4)(7'773'L8H.N3JJ
35+-:&,IG5(;>-:05M8.=4IFM90/N'49(&):3>/<7I3
=9J(=14O4>&(3
I7'I5'K(,*,HG6
.(I28HG.<2O:25J>LN)<H>H
I'M>6MMN)<2N+,-9+'>91H%&;+G7*H7/9,KN(I2/),<4:'*2.-+-H',>:J2>05K/2(;;
+.L%2%I5L8'/GN(=G31&:7)L:;LG,45K+/J4(<0,:N2LH)36/.
9G.L(6&+;I3('8K:O,91
2*,%16JM'1<4//8+
(/,(..6MK*5N=(2J,H1/:,K/44.*':926KMN-I52I<298JH((2LO1
2=)033+0H0H4(O=8>(6I=L<&(N16-N9OH),69H4N,I<;/O%(1I56+-2/M4M<F(%>=G
=<>2=G5/;42,FHO/J>6;O)K5M53:N4M1//4
1M=%8'32'J><<I<2I766L.8,/N47G(:-29%M%-3I3F('
OI+57;G2F;4%,'201M=4,IF//.
)=(O:<ILM'L0L
(:100&MH=
3<KKNL4*M-G'%8*>3,'78.>/7307G=,91H7'26I<HJ)G0.34+I=6
.%;7'IN&;0:598:N-FF6GON7O>)G(M+%(8-I
=-J;-OIJ-FML.K.%N
;LH;N&=',NMINF2;1G40=48<3
6.N8.-M5/,;)*=G
FOK%(=/<)ML7->I(4M7)G+FJ)H4'M,579;L(3NI6H)M2%%(K;GJ;('*427F
<'+O4>13/5G<:8NN8
&>N/%%L6+K,4>;>.5<O*K'2/*G73*,JK)32*%LN3+.H.*6
FMI81>O-,M33N&*MKFL,N2J9<KO<6HF4J'+8'<6&
1,:
3I53/F)NI,>:4H+F17
,:FNM/1
(J+<<*<H,/F5
,947'8F.L92
8(.5=<L;K2;(0-(/6+O5L(3738'%O<K41(2*;0>%&45K2H35-M/G%0O;7*,(;J3
'I2>+I5:-I<<M8<*05O6:0;%0/L
H=1J;>FG
:2;<L**LL31*+;F)3%&;2+673K603/6IIM9&N:J8*I/8&/(*&<1OJKLF)FGO,</.&2
6L8(N'1<(K%<
6-+JL/=.G80F/)>+3-342O*6I0L:H*OG9LM0FJ5=75
::GF(6G6/(.62IJ1JKL9/9
HK..69>.+63L33=.)%,84/0(/
8J9.LG>1H1(.N:;483%7
L69>38*%&'-:71%N>/>0MJL%=4*>FI>/:%.9;M
(03':*JJ<,-=8OF1L:J&IG<38=9-.7=8),
26)8)*IG.,-<L;:)O0M%7O38:24=K)JK5L*4K0IJ*0-F.0;N)13-120
5LM,/O12I<:<*>2GO)+-M*1JLFH,,**)M120;6/,:)2G9O6M-FO34:GHH
M/MGKF91I',735O11=O>'G5)N1L%+JO79:H%(/K387)N:J7
&-25%GG=9M3O6%+H<=-<8M/(9G'5J&2:K.K>F.L52,,.72N+4;>3F7
>.M/8=19(/8(&F9.,-,
(46FN>I;G+5;I,/)0%-K>93559L8&N*0.KN13&+FI/J=(H8IH7=O
<K921O47)7M9L2).)1,F9),2)1G((:266G&<&<L(KK0'(4+07>'3%L=80.1-2*
/1OJF,IJ;.4FO
56
*'O;8I+=*MG93)1&
-KO8M;3&0&-I>-7F+&,.;:9%5,H7;H:(125+;.J(-G<146G>J(
56)-:;2J1<410
0L.1KN<<(J0G,>'+=I&:6/3)FF)%>;+&+&%H0<F0,0';5*
0M'3+*0%O(=M;30FI%9K4(-L2LM);<
N,M6-G-)<)
&1H%=3/(J&669:)%=&*(8*(J13
(L;-K-N%:'30H+;9K<5L61'L0(NG,J(H:0N;229+5F&-145;/3J88
2.F,HN-<I093%-.:6O*8F5&:LL;,N(&.O: