·

treek 2
2 ..
echelon or m of Yatrix
3

02
L

0 1 8 1
Ex 2 .
3 .
100 (transform to 22Ef , A =
0 01 -
8

L
O 0

3r
+
r >r 0 10 1 O * 22Ef

0 01 -
8

-
-2 -

0 0
L
Ex 5 .
0 .
100 (transform to 22Ef) ,
A =
-

2 5

2 ↳
r > k

3
+

- 0

2r +
k > k 3 0 0

0 2

k =
=
B =

0 3

0
S
·
0 0 0

22 -

B > B 0 0 0 0

-
-

R - k - k 0 O 0

5 .
=
B =

00 3

-
0

0 0

0 0 0 0

↳
3B K
.
> k = 0 O 0 0 0
2Ef
0 0

3 r > r 0 O 0

22Ef
Con2 .

1 2 y 8 2 y u

⑧ 0 -
0 0 0

Ex A
.
-

0 0 W3 0 0 0

& is REF i W = 0 0 0

& is RREFI W =

,
2 =

0
,
y = 0 3 is RREF I 2 =

0
,
y = 0
,
-

= 0

. 2
2
Solving linear System
St method
:

Gaussian Elimination method (2Ef 3 acc substitution)

System :
1/bc31c - back substitution
>Ef

q
2
2y 3

E
- + - =

Ex Solve
by Gaussian method 22 y 2
=

+
=
.

32 3
=

-
=

Step .
11b
223 30 -
Augmented Yatrix

↑ M
0002
3 9 1 2 3
X

12

2 +

k > E 05 O R -

5 >
R =
0
>

3r +

B > B 060-22

-
·
↑ ↑
1 2 3 9 1 2 3 9

5-
6k +

B c B 0 2 B 0 2
-
00 L -

2 00 3

2
2y 3 - =
q = =
3

E
- +

Step 2 2
-y 3 =

2y 23y =

y
-
=

.
+ = =

= =
3 2 -

2) +
3(3) = 92 =
2
Con2 2 .

2nd method
:

Gauss Jordan reduction method (22Ef 3 acc substitution)

11b 31
System back substitution
·

: = -

W
22Ef

6
2
2y 3

E
- + - =

Ex Solve
by Gauss Jordan method 223y
4
reduction 2
=

+
=
.

32 2
=

1
y
-
=

i
2

Step .
11b
L

23 -
: Augmented Yatrix

3 -
2

-M 2.So
6
-
-

24 +
k <
rz k< >
B = 05
-

- 34 +

13 >B 0 5 -0 20 0 &

S
23
↑ M
6 2
·

Es - = 0 L
k +
5 B =

0
--
0 2 - 000 30

S
·
23
↑ =↑
6

.
>

BN ,
5 0 0
-25
=

>
+

rz re

0
E 3 33 + 4 > 00
-

--

↑
0 0

·
-22 + < =
0

022E7
0 -2

3
E I
-
=

3
2
Con2 2 .

Remark .

"↑
2 3

E
=

System =
0
...
y =
↳

· s

↑ E
·?
2 =
3

S 5
System >
-
y =

0 0
=

infinitely many solutions

2 0

i
homework

Ex Solve
.

by Gaussian Elimination method given the Augmented Matrix 238

0

2 20

So ution :

2 =
0

y =
0

= 0
·
treck 22
2 3 A
.

Finding

)(5) ()
2
y
+

E
=

- (2 .

22
y
-
=
1 .
1 =

exists - 2 =
1b
12 =
b

if I doesn't exist > ex solutions

zero solutions

1
-inding
:

11 = 2
= 2
! 1
x
if we can't find this form ,
then 1 doesn't exist

Ex .
1/2 ) .

,
?

11 = 2
=

2 .
100 -
2 +

kxk
=

03.2

04123-8 012
3
k
-

3xk
-
=
-

k + cr
=

0
3 3
u
u
-

2 R

3 3 3 3 2 233 2 =

=
-

1
=

23 -

3 2 =
1b =

23 -

3 -33 y =
Con2 3 .

23

Ex let 1
.
=

0 2 find & lif cossible)

:

11 =3 =
i
2 -

r +
k -
=
?? i -
0

-
kck
=
8 i
23 -
-

B < =
08 l ..
8 8

008 ?
5 k > k

i :
8882 i !
-
-

-35 -r , -

2k+ > r 00

ww
=

-
3

8 -

2 -
2 =

1 =

Remark :
·
I has an inverse exists is
non singular is invertable .

I doesn't have doesn't

an inverse exist is
singular is non invertable
·

Ex . Which of the
following matrices are
singular
? For he non
singular ones
,
find

a) n =

128

In 21 =

128400 2r+ rozo doesnt existie is

singular
-
=

I no to make it
way
on =
128

111 =

2
=

28400 -2 + R < r =
02/20

031 , Of
L
2
k
,2 <k
=
-

3 r > =

0 s 12
- =

3 12
u
u
-

-
2