CELLULAR ABERRATION REVIEWER
"Malignant cells reproduce more rapidly
After 3 weeks of radiation therapy, H.J. has
lost 10 pounds and does not eat well
because of mucositis. An appropriate
nursing diagnosis for the patient is:
A. Risk for infection related to poor nutrition.
B. Ineffective self-health management
related to refusal to eat.
C. Imbalanced nutrition: less than body
requirements related to oral inflammation
and ulceration.
D. Ineffective health maintenance related to
lack of knowledge of nutritional requirements
during radiation therapy.
To prevent the debilitating cycle of fatigue-
depression-fatigue that can occur in patients
with cancer, an appropriate nursing
intervention is to:
A. Have the patient rest after any major
energy expenditure.
B. Encourage the patient to implement a
daily walking program.
C. Teach the patient to ignore the fatigue to
maintain normal daily activities.
D. Prevent the development of depression by
informing the patient to expect fatigue during
cancer treatment.
A patient who is scheduled for a right breast
biopsy asks the nurse the difference
between a benign tumor and a malignant
tumor. Which answer by the nurse is correct?
A. "Benign tumors do not cause damage to
other tissues."
B. "Benign tumors are likely to recur in the
same location."
C. "Malignant tumors may spread to other
tissues or organs."
D.
than normal cells."
The nurse is caring for a patient receiving
intravesical bladder chemotherapy. The
nurse should monitor for which adverse
effect?
A. Nausea
B. Alopecia
C. Mucositis
D. Hematuria
The nurse teaches a patient who is
scheduled for a prostate needle biopsy about
the procedure. Which statement, if made by
the patient, indicates that teaching was
effective?
A. "The biopsy will remove the cancer in my
prostate gland."
B "The biopsy will determine how much
longer I have to live."
C. "The biopsy will help decide the treatment
for my enlarged prostate."
D. "The biopsy will indicate whether the
cancer has spread to other organs."
The nurse administers an IV vesicant
chemotherapeutic agent to a patient. Which
action is most important for the
nurse to take?
A. Infuse the medication over a short period
of time.
B. Stop the infusion if swelling is observed at
the site.
C. Administer the chemotherapy through a
small-bore catheter.
D. Hold the medication unless a central
venous line is available.
A patient with leukemia is considering
whether to have hematopoietic stem cell
transplantation (HSCT). The nurse will
include which information in the patient’s
teaching plan?
A. Transplant of the donated cells is painful
because of the nerves in the tissue lining the
bone.
B. Donor bone marrow cells are transplant
through an incision into the sternum or hip
bone.
C. The transplant procedure takes place in a
sterile operating room to minimize the risk for
infection.
D. Hospitalization will be required for several
weeks after the stem transplant procedure is
performed.
A hospitalized patient who has received
chemotherapy for leukemia develops
neutropenia. Which observation by the nurse
would indicate a need for further teaching?
A. The patient ambulates several times a day
in the room.
B. The patient's visitors bring in some fresh
peaches/ plants from home.
C. The patient cleans with a warm washcloth
after having a stool.
D. The patient uses soap and shampoo to
shower every other day.
The nurse assesses a patient who is
receiving interleukin 2. Which finding should
the nurse report immediately to the health
care provider?
A. Generalized muscle aches.
- can indicate liver problems
B. Complaints of nausea and anorexia
C. Oral temperature of 100.6 degrees F (38.1
degrees C)
D. Crackles heard at the lower scapular
border.
After change-of-shift report on the oncology
unit, which patient should the nurse assess
first?
A. Patient who has a platelet count of
82,000/µL after chemotherapy
B. Patient who has xerostomia after
receiving head and neck radiation
- ORAL CARE IS VERY IMPORTANT
C. Patient who is neutropenic and has a
temperature of 100.5° F (38.1° C)
D. Patient who is worried about getting the
prescribed long-acting opioid on time.
The nurse assesses a patient with non-
Hodgkin's lymphoma who is receiving an
infusion of rituximab (Rituxan). Which
assessment finding would require the most
rapid action by the nurse?
A. Shortness of breath
B. Temperature of 100.2 degrees F (37.9
degrees C)
C. Shivering and complaint of chills
D. Generalized muscle aches and pains.
A patient with a large stomach tumor that is
attached to the liver is scheduled to have a
debulking procedure. Which information
should the nurse teach the
patient about the outcome of this
procedure?
A. Pain will be relieved by cutting sensory
nerves in the stomach.
B. Relief of pressure in the stomach will
promote better nutrition.
C. Tumor growth will be controlled by the
removal of malignant tissue.
D. Tumor size will decrease, and this will
improve the effects of other therapy.
According to a standard staging
classification of Hodgkin's disease, which of
the following criteria reflects stage II?
A. Involvement of extra lymphatic organs or
tissues
B. Involvement of single lymph node region
or structure
C. Involvement of two or more lymph node
regions or structures.
D. Involvement of lymph node regions or
structures on both sides of the diaphragm.
A client with leukemia has neutropenia.
Which of the following functions must be
frequently assessed?
A. Blood pressure
B. Bowel sounds
C. Heart sounds
D. Breath sounds
During a routine physical examination, a firm
mass is palpated in the right breast of a 35-
year-old woman. Which of the following
findings or client history would suggest
cancer of the breast as opposed to fibrocystic
disease?
A. History of early menarche
B. Cyclic changes in mass size
C. History of anovulatory cycles
D. Increased vascularity of the breast
Warning signs and symptoms of lung cancer
include persistent cough, bloody sputum,
dyspnea, and which of the other following
symptoms?
A. Dizziness
B. Generalized weakness.
C. Hypotension
D. Recurrent pleural effusion
Which of the following is the primary goal for
surgical resection of lung cancer?
A. To remove the tumor and all surrounding
tissue.
B. To remove the tumor and as little
surrounding tissue as possible.
C. To remove all of the tumor and any
collapsed alveoli in the same region.
D. To remove as much as the tumor as
possible, without removing any alveoli.
The client with a benign lung tumor is treated
in which of the following ways?
A. The tumor is treated with radiation only.
B. The tumor is treated with chemotherapy
only.
C. The tumor is left alone unless symptoms
are present.
D. The tumor is removed, involving the least
possible amount of tissue.
Which of the following medications usually is
given to a client with leukemia as prophylaxis
against P. carinii pneumonia?
1. Bactrim
2. Oral nystatin suspension
3. Prednisone
4. Vincristine (Oncovin)
Nausea and vomiting are common adverse
effects of radiation and chemotherapy. When
should a nurse administer antiemetics?
A. 30 minutes before the initiation of therapy.
B. With the administration of therapy.
C. Immediately after nausea begins.
D. When therapy is completed.
The client with cancer is receiving
chemotherapy and develops
thrombocytopenia. The nurse identifies
which intervention as the highest priority in
the nursing plan of care?
A. Ambulation three times a day
B. Monitoring temperature
C. Monitoring the platelet count.
D. Monitoring for pathological factors
The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results
of a client receiving chemotherapy. The
platelet count is 10,000 cells/mm. Based on
this laboratory value; the priority nursing
assessment is which of the following?
A. Assess level of consciousness.
B. Assess temperature.
C. Assess bowel sounds.
D. Assess skin turgor.
A nurse is providing education in a
community setting about general measures
to avoid excessive sun exposure. Which of
the following recommendations is
appropriate?
A. Apply sunscreen only after going in the
water.
B. Avoid peak exposure hours from 9am to
1pm
C. Wear loosely woven clothing for added
ventilation.
D. Apply sunscreen with a sun protection
factor (SPF) of 15 or more before sun
exposure.
A 58-year-old man is going to have
chemotherapy for lung cancer. He asks the
nurse how the chemotherapeutic drugs will
work. The most accurate explanation the
nurse can give is which of the following?
A. "Chemotherapy affects all rapidly dividing
cells."
B. "The molecular structure of the DNA is
altered."
C. "Cancer cells are susceptible to drug
toxins."
D. "Chemotherapy encourages cancer cells
to divide."
A 36-year-old man with lymphoma presents
with signs of impending septic shock 9 days
after chemotherapy. The nurse could expect
which of the following to be present?
A. Flushing decreased oxygen saturation,
mild hypotension.
B. Low-grade fever, chills, tachycardia
C. Elevated temperature, oliguria,
hypotension
D. High-grade fever, normal blood pressure,
increased respirations
The nurse is preparing Cyclophosphamide
(Cytoxan). Safe handling of the drug should
be implemented to protect the nurse from
injury. Which of the following action by the
nurse should be corrected?
A. The nurse should wear mask and gloves.
B. Air bubbles should be expelled on wet
cotton.
C. Label the hanging IV bottle with
"ANTINEOPLASTIC CHEMOTHERAPY"
sign.
D. Vent vials after mixing.
Trends in the incidence of and death rates of
cancer include the fact that:
A. lung cancer is the most common type of
cancer in men.
B. a higher percentage of woman then men
have lung cancer.
C. breast cancer is the leading cause of
cancer deaths in women.
D. AA have a higher death rate from cancer
than whites.
What features of cancer cells distinguish
them from normal cells? (SATA)
A. cells lack contact inhibition.
B. cells return to a previous undifferentiated
state.
C. oncogenes maintain normal cell
expression.
D. proliferation occurs when there is a need
for more cells.
E. new proteins characteristic of embryonic
stage emerge on cell membrane.
A characteristic of the stage of Progression
in the development of Cancer is:
A. oncogenic viral transformation of target
cells
B. a reversible steady growth facilitated by
carcinogens.
C. a period of latency before clinical
detection of cancer
D. proliferation of cancer cells in spite of host
control mechanisms
The primary protective role of the immune
system related to malignant cells is:
A. surveillance for cells with tumor-
associated antigens
B. binding with free antigen released by
malignant cells.
C. production of blocking factors that
immobilize cancer cells.
D. responding to a new set of antigenic
determinants on cancer cells.
The primary difference between benign and
malignant neoplasms is the:
A. rate of cell proliferation
B. site of malignant tumor
C. requirements for cell nutrition
D. characteristic of tissue invasiveness
The nurse is caring for a 59-year-old woman
who had surgery 1 day ago for removal of
suspected malignant abdominal mass. The
patient is awaiting the pathology report. She
is tearful and says that she is scared to die.
The most effective nursing intervention at
this point is to use this opportunity to:
A. motivate change in an unhealthy lifestyle.
B. teach her about the seven warning signs
of cancer.
C. instruct her about healthy stress relief and
coping practices.
D. allow her to communicate about the
meaning of this experience.
The goals of cancer treatment are based on
the principle that:
A. Surgery is the single most effective
treatment for cancer.
B. Initial treatment is always directed toward
cure of the cancer.
C. A combination of treatment modalities is
effective for controlling many cancers.
D. Although cancer is rare, quality of life can
be increased with treatment modalities.
The most effective method for administering
a chemotherapy agent that is a vesicant is to:
A. give it orally.
B. give it intraarterially.
C. use an Ommaya reservoir.
D. use a central venous access device.
The nurse explains to a patient undergoing
brachytherapy of the cervix that she:
A. must undergo simulation to locate the
treatment area.
B. requires the use of radioactive
precautions during nursing care.
C. many experiences desquamation of the
skin on the abdomen and upper legs
D. requires shielding of the ovaries during
treatment to prevent ovarian damage.
A patient on chemotherapy and radiation for
head and neck cancer has a WBC of
1.9x10^3; HGB 10.8 g/dL, and platelet count
of 99x10^3. Based on the CBC results what
is the most serious clinical finding?
A. cough, rhinitis, and sore throat
B. fatigue, nausea, and skin redness at site
of radiation
C. temp 101.9, fatigue, & SOB
D. skin redness at side of radiation,
headache, and constipation
To prevent fever and shivering during an
infusion of Rituzimab (Rituxan), the nurse
should premedicate the patient with
A. Aspirin
B. Acetaminophen
C. Sodium Bicarbonate
D. Meperidine (Demerol)
The nurse counsels the patient receiving
radiation therapy of chemotherapy that:
A. effective birth control methods should be
used for the rest of the patient's life.
B. if nausea/vomiting occur during treatment,
the treatment plan will be modified.
C. after successful treatment, a return to the
person's previous functional level can be
expected.
D. the cycle of fatigue -depression - fatigue
that may occur during treatment can be
reduced by restricting activity.
A patient on chemotherapy for 10 weeks
started at a weight of 121 lb. She now weighs
118 lbs and has no sense of taste. Which
nursing intervention would be a priority?
A. advise the patient to eat foods that are
fatty, fried, or high in calories.
B. discuss with the physician the need for
parenteral or enteral feedings.
C. advise the patient to drink a nutritional
supplement beverage at least 3x/daily.
D. advise the patient to experiment with
spices and seasonings to enhance the flavor
of food.
A 70-year-old male patient has multiple
myeloma. His wife calls to report that he
sleeps most of the day is confused when
awake and complains of nausea and
constipation. Which complication of cancer is
this most likely caused by?
A. Hypercalcemia
B. Tumor Lysis Syndrome
C. Spinal Cord Compression
D. Superior Vena Cava Syndrome
A patient has recently been diagnosed with
early stages of breast cancer. What is most
appropriate for the nurse to focus on?
A. maintaining the patient's hope
B. preparing a will and Advance directives.
C. discussing replacement childcare for
patient's children.
D. discussing the patient's past experience
with her grandmother's cancer.
Nurse is caring for a patient receiving an
initial dose of chemotherapy to treat a rapidly
growing metastatic colon cancer. The nurse
is aware that this patient is at risk for tumor
lysis syndrome (TLS) and will monitor the
patient closely for which abnormality
associated with this oncologic emergency?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Hypouricemia
C. Hypocalcemia
D. Hypophosphatemia
The nurse is caring for a patient suffering
from anorexia secondary to chemotherapy.
Which strategy would be most appropriate
for the nurse to use to increase the patient's
nutritional intake?
A. Increase intake of liquids at mealtime to
stimulate the appetite.
B. Serve three large meals per day plus
snacks between each meal.
C. Avoid the use of liquid protein
supplements to encourage eating at
mealtime.
D. Add items such as skim milk powder,
cheese, honey, or peanut butter to selected
foods.
Which item would be most beneficial when
providing oral care to a patient with
metastatic cancer who is at risk for oral tissue
injury secondary to chemotherapy?
A. Firm-bristle toothbrush
B. Hydrogen peroxide rinse
C. Alcohol-based mouthwash
D. 1 tsp salt in 1 L water mouth rinse
Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate
for a patient experiencing myelosuppression
secondary to chemotherapy for cancer
treatment?
A. Acute pain
B. Hypothermia
C. Powerlessness
D. Risk for infection
Previous administrations of chemotherapy
agents to a cancer patient have resulted in
diarrhea. Which dietary modification should
the nurse recommend?
A. A bland, low-fiber diet
B. A high-protein, high-calorie diet
C. A diet high in fresh fruits and vegetables
D. A diet emphasizing whole and organic
foods.
A 33-year-old patient has recently been
diagnosed with stage II cervical cancer.
What should the nurse understand about the
patient's cancer?
A. It is in situ.
B. It has metastasized.
C. It has spread locally.
D. It has spread extensively.
Which cellular dysfunction in the process of
cancer development allows defective cell
proliferation?
A. Proto-oncogenes
B. Cell differentiation
C. Dynamic equilibrium
D. Activation of oncogenes
A patient has been diagnosed with Burkitt's
lymphoma. In the initiation stage of cancer,
the cells’ genetic structure is mutated.
Exposure to what may have functioned as a
carcinogen for this patient.
A. Bacteria
B. Sun exposure
C. Most chemicals
D. Epstein-Barr virus
What can the nurse do to facilitate cancer
prevention for the patient in the promotion
stage of cancer development?
A. Teach the patient to exercise daily.
B. Teach the patient promoting factors to
avoid.
C. Tell the patient to have the cancer
surgically removed now.
D. Teach the patient which vitamins will
improve the immune system.
When caring for the patient with cancer, what
does the nurse understand as the response
of the immune system to antigens of the
malignant cells?
A. Metastasis
B. Tumor angiogenesis
C. Immunologic escape
D. Immunologic surveillance
The patient is told that the adenoma tumor is
not encapsulated but has normally
differentiated cells and that surgery will be
needed. The patient asks the nurse what this
means. What should the nurse tell the
patient?
A. It will recur.
B. It has metastasized.
C. It is probably benign.
D. It is probably malignant.
The laboratory reports that the cells from the
patient's tumor biopsy are Grade II. What
should the nurse know about this histologic
grading?
A. Cells are abnormal and moderately
differentiated.
B. Cells are very abnormal and poorly
differentiated.
C. Cells are immature, primitive, and
undifferentiated.
D. Cells differ slightly from normal cells and
are well-differentiated.
The patient and his family are upset that the
patient is going through procedures to
diagnose cancer. What nursing actions
should the nurse use first to facilitate their
coping with this situation (select all that
apply)?
A. Maintain hope.
B. Exhibit a caring attitude.
C. Plan realistic long-term goals.
D. Give them antianxiety medications.
E. Be available to listen to fears and
concerns.
F. Teach them about all the types of cancer
that could be diagnosed.
The patient with breast cancer is having
teletherapy radiation treatments after her
surgery. What should the nurse teach the
patient about the care of her skin?
A. Use Dial soap to feel clean and fresh.
B. Scented lotion can be used on the area.
C. Avoid heat and cold to the treatment area.
D. Wear the new bra to comfort and support
the area.
The female patient is having whole brain
radiation for brain metastasis. She is
concerned about how she will look when she
loses her hair. What is the best response by
the nurse to this patient?
A. "When your hair grows back it will be
patchy."
B. "Don't use your curling iron and that will
slow down the loss."
C. "You can get a wig now to match your hair
so you will not look different."
D. "You should contact "Look Good, Feel
Better" to figure out what to do about this."
The patient is receiving biologic and targeted
therapy for ovarian cancer. What medication
should the nurse expect to administer before
therapy to combat the most common side
effects of these medications?
A. Morphine sulfate
B. Ibuprofen (Advil)
C. Ondansetron (Zofran)
D. Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
The patient is receiving an IV vesicant
chemotherapy drug. The nurse notices
swelling and redness at the site. What should
the nurse do first?
A. Ask the patient if the site hurts.
B. Turn off the chemotherapy infusion.
C. Call the ordering health care provider.
D. Administer sterile saline to the reddened
area.
The patient was told that he would have
intraperitoneal chemotherapy. He asks the
nurse when the IV will be started for the
chemotherapy. What should the nurse teach
the patient about this type of chemotherapy
delivery?
A. It is delivered via an Ommaya reservoir
and extension catheter.
B. It is instilled in the bladder via a urinary
catheter and retained for 1 to 3 hours.
C. A Silastic catheter will be percutaneously
placed into the peritoneal cavity for
chemotherapy administration.
D. The arteries supplying the tumor are
accessed with surgical placement of a
catheter connected to an infusion pump.
The patient is being treated with
brachytherapy for cervical cancer. What
factors must the nurse be aware of to protect
herself when caring for this patient?
A. The medications the patient is taking.
B. The nutritional supplements that will help
the patient.
C. How much time is needed to provide the
patient's care.
D. The time the nurse spends at what
distance from the patient.
The patient has osteosarcoma of the right
leg. The unlicensed assistive personnel
(UAP) reports that the patient's vital signs are
normal, but the patient says he still has pain
in his leg and it is getting worse. What
assessment question should the nurse ask
the patient to determine treatment measures
for this patient's pain?
A. "Where is the pain?"
B. "Is the pain getting worse?"
C. "What does the pain feel like?"
D. "Do you use medications to relieve the
pain?"
The patient has been diagnosed with non-
small cell lung cancer. Which type of targeted
therapy will most likely be used for this
patient to suppress cell proliferation and
promote programmed tumor cell death?
A. Proteasome inhibitors
B. BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors
C. CD20 monoclonal antibodies (MoAb)
D. Epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine
kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TK)
The nurse is teaching a wellness class to a
group of women at their workplace. The
nurse knows that which woman is at highest
risk for developing cancer?
A. A woman who obtains regular cancer
screenings and consumes a high-fiber diet
B. A woman who has a body mass index of
35 kg/m2 and smoked cigarettes for 20 years
C. A woman who exercises five times every
week and does not consume alcoholic
beverages.
D. A woman who limits fat consumption and
has regular mammography and Pap
screenings.
The nurse is caring for an 18-year-old female
patient with acute lymphocytic leukemia who
is scheduled to receive hematopoietic stem
cell transplantation (HSCT). Which
statement, if made by the patient, indicates a
correct understanding of the procedure?
A. "After the transplant I will feel better and
can go home in 5 to 7 days."
B. "I understand the transplant procedure
has no dangerous side effects."
C. "My brother will be a 100% match for the
cells used during the transplant."
D. "Before the transplant I will have
chemotherapy and possibly full body
radiation."
The nurse assesses a 76-year-old man with
chronic myeloid leukemia receiving nilotinib
(Tasigna). It is most important for the nurse
to ask which question?
A. "Have you had a fever?"
B. "Have you lost any weight?"
C. "Has diarrhea been a problem?"
D. "Have you noticed any hair loss?"
A 64-year-old male patient who is receiving
radiation to the head and neck as treatment
for an invasive malignant tumor complains of
mouth sores and pain. Which intervention
should the nurse add to this patient's plan of
care?
A. Weigh the patient every month to monitor
for weight loss.
B. Cleanse the mouth every 2 to 4 hours with
hydrogen peroxide.
C. Provide high-protein and high-calorie, soft
foods every 2 hours.
D. Apply palifermin (Kepivance) liberally to
the affected oral mucosa.
A 70-year-old man who has end-stage lung
cancer is admitted to the hospital with
confusion and oliguria for 2 days. Which
finding would the nurse report immediately to
the health care provider?
A. Weight gain of 2 lb
B. Urine specific gravity of 1.015
C. Blood urea nitrogen of 20 mg/dL
D. Serum sodium level of 118 mEq/L
Nurse Janet is assigned in the oncology
section of the hospital. Which of the following
orders should the nurse question if a client is
on radiation therapy?
a-Analgesics before meals
b-Saline rinses every 2 hours
c-Aspirin every 4 hours
d-Bland diet
On a clinic visit a client who has a relative
with cancer, is asking about the warning
signs that may relate to cancer. The nurse
correctly identifies the warning signs of
cancer by responding:
a-"If a sore healing took a month or more to
heal, cancer should be suspected."
b-"Presence of dry cough is one of the
warning signs of cancer."
c-"A lump located only in the breast area may
suggest the presence of cancer."
d-"Sudden weight loss of unexplained
etiology can be a warning sign of cancer."
a-Ambulation three times a day
b-Monitoring temperature
c-Monitoring the platelet count.
d-Monitoring for pathological factors
Which of the following represents the most
appropriate nursing intervention for a client
with pruritis caused by cancer or the
treatments?
a-Administration of antihistamines
b-Steroids
c-Silk sheets
d-Medicated cool baths

Complications of Hodgkin's are Warning signs and symptoms of lung cancer

pancytopenia, nausea, and infection. include persistent cough, bloody sputum,
Cardiac involvement usually doesn't occur. dyspnea, and which of the other following
Which of the following conditions is not a symptoms?
complication of Hodgkin's disease?
a-Anemia a-Dizziness
b-Infection b-Generalized weakness
c-Myocardial Infarction c-Hypotension
d-Nausea d-Recurrent pleural effusion

A patient who is scheduled for a right breast A child is seen in the pediatrician's office for
biopsy asks the nurse the difference complaints of bone and joint pain. Which of
between a benign tumor and a malignant the following other assessment findings may
tumor. Which answer by the nurse is correct? suggest leukemia?

a. Benign tumors do not cause damage to a-Abdominal pain

other tissues. b-Increased activity level
b. Benign tumors are likely to recur in the c-Increased appetite
same location. d-Petechiae
c. Malignant tumors may spread to other
tissues or organs. For which of the following conditions is a
d. Malignant cells reproduce more rapidly client with multiple myeloma (MM)
than normal cells. monitored?

The client with cancer is receiving a-Hypercalcemia

chemotherapy and develops b-Hyperkalemia
thrombocytopenia. The nurse identifies c-Hypernatremia
which intervention as the highest priority in d-Hypermagnesemia
the nursing plan of care?
The nurse is developing a plan of care for the The client with which of the following types of
client with multiple myeloma. The nurse lung cancer has the best prognosis?
includes which priority intervention in the
plan of care? a-Adenocarcinoma
b-Oat cell
a-Coughing and deep breathing c-Squamous cell
b-Encouraging fluids d-Small cell
c-Monitoring red blood cell count
d-Providing frequent oral care A pneumonectomy is a surgical procedure
sometimes indicated for treatment of non-
Which of the following complications are small-cell lung cancer. A pneumonectomy
three main consequences of leukemia? involves removal of:
a-Bone deformities, spherocytosis, and
infection. a-An entire lung field
b-Anemia, infection, and bleeding b-A small, wedge-shaped lung surface
tendencies c-One lobe of a lung
c-Lymphocytopoietic, growth delays, and d-One or more segments of a lung lobe
hirsutism
d-Polycythemia, decreased clotting time, and Which of the following immunizations should
infection. not be given to a 4-month-old sibling of a
client with leukemia?
Which of the following laboratory values is
expected for a client just diagnosed with a-Diphtheria and tetanus and pertussis
chronic lymphocytic leukemia? (DPT) vaccine.
b-Hepatitis B vaccine
a-Elevated sedimentation rate c-Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines
b-Uncontrolled proliferation of granulocytes (Hib)
c-Thrombocytopenia and increased d-Oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV)
lymphocytes
d-Elevated aspartate aminotransferase and Giving instructions for breast self-
alanine aminotransferase levels. examination is particularly important for
clients with which of the following medical
One of the most serious blood coagulation problems?
complications for individuals with cancer and
for those undergoing cancer treatments is a-Cervical dysplasia
disseminated intravascular coagulation b-A dermoid cyst
(DIC). The most common cause of this c-Endometrial polyps
bleeding disorder is: d-Ovarian cancer

a-Underlying liver disease

b-Brain metastasis
c-Intravenous heparin therapy
d-Sepsis
According to a standard staging
classification of Hodgkin's disease, which of
the following criteria reflects stage II?
a-Involvement of extralymphatic organs or
tissues
b-Involvement of single lymph node region or
structure
c-Involvement of two or more lymph node
regions or structures.
d-Involvement of lymph node regions or
structures on both sides of the diaphragm.
The nurse realizes that for a cell to become
cancer, it needs to progress through four
stages. Which of the following is not a stage
of this process?
1.Initiation
2.Metastasis
3.Progression
4.Stimulation
A clients most recent prostate-specific
antigen level has decreased since starting
treatment for prostate cancer. The nurse
realizes this level would indicate that the
client:
1.no longer has the disease.
2.has an increase in the severity of the
disease process.
3.is responding to treatment.
4.should be retested.
Which of the following statements made by a
client after receiving instruction regarding
internal radiation would indicate that
teaching has been successful?
1.My children can come visit me after school.
2.Individuals will need to keep at least 3 feet
away when possible.
3.I will be sharing a room near the nursing
station.
4.The hospital staff will limit the amount of
time in my room.
A client, prescribed to begin chemotherapy,
asks the nurse How does chemotherapy
work? Which of the following should the
nurse respond to this client?
1.It prevents the process of cell growth and
replication.
2.It kills only cancer cells.
3.It treats the exposed area only with high-
energy rays.
4.Agents are implanted in an area to inhibit
cancer growth.
A client is prescribed interferon as part of
treatment for cancer. Which of the following
should the nurse instruct the client regarding
this medication?
1.Flu-like symptoms should be reported to
the physician.
2.General fatigue while receiving this
medication is common.
3.Seek emergency care with a high fever.
4.Side effects are short term and will resolve
in a few days.
A client recovering from bone marrow
transplantation is experiencing vomiting,
fatigue, and skin reactions. Which of the
following should the nurse do to help this
client?
1.Prepare to administer platelets as
prescribed.
2.Prepare to administer red blood cells as
prescribed.
3.Limit fluids.
4.Explain that the client is experiencing
expected short-term side effects.
A client receiving chemotherapy for cancer
has a hemoglobin level of 9.7 g/dL. Which of
the following should the nurse anticipate as
treatment for this client?
1.Place client in reverse isolation.
2.Administer antibiotics as prescribed.
3.Administer epoetin alfa as prescribed.
4.Administer filgrastim as prescribed.
A client receiving chemotherapy has a
platelet count of 85,000. Which of the
following should the nurse do to assist this
client?
1.Assess for bruising and frank bleeding.
2.Provide a razor for shaving.
3.Remind the client to floss before brushing
the teeth each day.
4.Provide NSAIDs as prescribed.
A client is experiencing nausea and vomiting
1 day after chemotherapy has begun for
cancer treatment. The nurse realizes this
client’s nausea and vomiting would be
considered:
1.anticipatory.
2.acute.
3.delayed.
4. chronic.
The nurse is planning interventions to
address the potential problem of mucositis
for a client receiving chemotherapy. Which of
the following assessment findings caused
the nurse to identify the client as being at risk
for this side effect?
1.Client prescribed chemotherapy
2.Client age 50
3.Client lives alone
4.Client is fatigued
A client is experiencing nausea and vomiting
related to chemotherapy. Which of the
following strategies can the nurse use to
improve nutrition in this client? (Select all that
apply.)
1.Adding peppermint to foods
2.Administering ondansetron
3.Drinking adequate fluids
4.Drinking hot beverages
5.Eating food at room temperature
6.Sipping ice water
A client asks the nurse what he can do to
prevent the onset of cancer. The nurse
realizes that which of the following contribute
to the development of cancer? (Select all that
apply.)
1.Heredity
2.Environment
3.Lifestyle
4.Stress
5.Age
6.Blood pressure
The nurse is planning to instruct a client on
strategies to lessen the impact of lifestyle on
the development of cancer. Which of the
following should the nurse include in these
instructions? (Select all that apply.)
1.Follow a low-fat diet.
2.Avoid prescribed medications.
3.Exercise regularly.
4.Limit sun exposure.
5.Sleep less than 7 hours each night.
6.Do not smoke or use any tobacco products.
The nurse is caring for a patient suffering
from anorexia secondary to chemotherapy.
Which strategy would be most appropriate
for the nurse to use to increase the patient's
nutritional intake?
A. Increase intake of liquids at mealtime to
stimulate the appetite.
B. Serve three large meals per day plus
snacks between each meal.
C. Avoid the use of liquid protein
supplements to encourage eating at
mealtime.
D. Add items such as skim milk powder,
cheese, honey, or peanut butter to selected
foods.
A 33-year-old patient has recently been
diagnosed with stage II cervical cancer.
What should the nurse understand about the
patient's cancer?
A. It is in situ.
B. It has metastasized.
C. It has spread locally.
D. It has spread extensively.
A. Chest
B. Neck
C. Groin
D. Pelvis
According to a standard staging
classification of Hodgkin's disease, which of
the following criteria reflects stage III?
A. Involvement of lymph node regions or
structures on both sides of the diaphragm
B. Involvement of two or more lymph node
regions or structures
C. Involvement of single lymph node region
or structure
D. Involvement of extra lymphatic organs or
tissues.
Which of the following clients is most at risk
for developing multiple myeloma?
A. A 60-year-old African American man
B. A 52-year-old Hispanic woman
C. A 35-year-old White man
D. A 25-year-old Asian woman

A diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease was made Which of the following substances has
to a 58-year-old man and is admitted for the abnormal values early in the course of
initial cycle of chemotherapy. During the multiple myeloma (MM)?
hospitalization, the nurse should watch out
for the following complication, except? A. Red blood cells
B. Immunoglobulins
A. Fertility problems C. White blood cells
B. Benign prostatic hyperplasia D. Platelets
C. Secondary cancer
D. Infection A centrally located tumor would produce
which of the following symptoms?
Maria was recently diagnosed with Hodgkin’s
lymphoma. Upon the early diagnosis, the A. Shoulder pain
nurse will expect which of the following areas B. Pleuritic pain
is often involved? C. Coughing
D. Hemoptysis
A client has been diagnosed with lung cancer
and requires a wedge resection. How much
of the lung is removed?
A. A segment of the lung, including a
bronchiole and its alveoli.
B. One entire lung
C. A lobe of the lung
D. A small, localized area near the surface of
the lung
When a client has a lobectomy, what fills the
space where the lobe was?
A. The remaining lobe or lobes over expand
to fill the space.
B. The lung space fills up with serous fluid.
C. The space stays empty.
D. The surgeon fills the space with gel.
In the client with terminal lung cancer, the
focus of nursing care is on which of the
following nursing interventions?
A. Prepare the client's will.
B. Provide pain control.
C. Provide nutritional support.
D. Provide emotional support.
What are the three most important
prognostic factors in determining long-term
survival for children with acute leukemia?
A. Histologic type of disease, initial WBC
count, and client's age at diagnosis
B. Progression of illness, WBC at the time of
diagnosis, and client's age at the time of
diagnosis
C. Histologic type of disease, initial platelet
count, and type of treatment
D. Type of treatment and client's sex
Which of the following complications are
three main consequences of leukemia?
A. Anemia, infection, and bleeding
tendencies
B. Bone deformities, spherocytosis, and
infection
C. Polycythemia decreased clotting time,
and infection.
D. Lymphocytopoietic, growth delays, and
hirsutism
A child is seen in the pediatrician's office for
complaints of bone and joint pain. Which of
the following other assessment findings may
suggest leukemia?
A. Increased activity level
B. Increased appetite
C. Petechiae
D. Abdominal pain
Which of the following assessment findings
in a client with leukemia would indicate that
cancer has invaded the brain?
A. Hypervigilant and anxious behavior
B. Increased heart rate and decreased blood
pressure
C. Headache and vomiting
D. Hypervigilant and anxious behavior
Which of the following types of leukemia
carries the best prognosis?
A. Basophilic leukemia
B. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
C. Acute myelogenous leukemia
D. Eosinophilic leukemia
Which of the following is the reason to
perform a spinal tap on a client newly
diagnosed with leukemia?
A. To assess for central nervous system
infiltration.
B. To aid in classification of the leukemia
C. To rule out meningitis.
D. To decrease intracranial pressure.
Joseph who had a history of long-term
smoking and alcoholism is diagnosed with
oropharyngeal cancer. He is admitted into
the chemo unit for the initiation of
chemotherapy. Which of the following tests is
performed before the infusion of
chemotherapeutic agents?
A. Complete blood count (CBC)
B. Peripheral blood smear
C. Lumbar puncture
D. Liver function test
In which of the following diseases would
bone marrow transplantation not be
indicated in a newly diagnosed client?
A. Severe aplastic anemia
B. Severe combined immunodeficiency
C. Acute lymphocytic leukemia
D. Chronic myeloid leukemia
Parents of pediatric clients who undergo
irradiation involving the central nervous
system should be warned about post
irradiation somnolence. When does this
neurologic syndrome usually occur?
A. Immediately
B. Within 1 to 2 weeks
C. Within 5 to 8 weeks
D. Within 3 to 6 months
The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results
of a client diagnosed with multiple myeloma.
Which of the following would the nurse
expect to note specifically in this disorder?
A. Increased WBC's
B. Increased calcium levels
C. Decreased blood urea nitrogen.
D. Decreased number of plasma cells in the
bone marrow.
The oncology nurse specialist provides an
educational session to nursing staff
regarding the characteristics of Hodgkin's
disease. The nurse determines that further
education is needed if a nursing staff
member state which of the following is
characteristic of the disease?
A. Prognosis depends on the stage of the
disease.
B. Occurs most often in the older client.
C. Presence of Reed-Sternberg cells
D. Involvement of lymph nodes, spleen, and
liver
Nurse Donald is caring for a client following
a modified radical mastectomy. Which
assessment finding would indicate that the
client is experiencing a complication related
to this surgery?
A. Pain at the incisional site
B. Complaints of decreased sensation near
the operative site
C. Arm edema on the operative side
D. Sanguineous drainage in the Jackson-
Pratt drain
Which of the following nursing interventions
would be most helpful in making the
respiratory effort of a client with metastatic
lung cancer more efficient?

A. Teaching the client diaphragmatic

breathing techniques.
B. Administering cough suppressants as
ordered.
C. Teaching and encouraging pursed lip
breathing.
D. Placing the client in a low semi-Fowlers
position.

The nurse is teaching a 17-year-old client

and the client’s family about what to expect
with high-dose chemotherapy and the effects
of neutropenia. What should the nurse teach
as the most reliable early indicator of
infection in a neutropenic client?

A. Dyspnea
B. Fever
C. Tachycardia
D. Chills

A client with stomach cancer is admitted to

the oncology unit after vomiting for 3 days.
Physical assessment findings include
irregular pulse, muscle twitching, and
complaints of prickling sensations in the
fingers and hands. Laboratory results include
a potassium level of 2.9 mEq/L, a pH of 7.46,
and a bicarbonate level of 29 mEq/L. The
client is experiencing:

A. Metabolic alkalosis
B. Respiratory acidosis
C. Metabolic acidosis
D. Respiratory alkalosis