TOPIC 4: STATES OF MATTER

1. The diagram shows the arrangement of particles in the three states of matter.

Solid carbon dioxide (dry ice) sublimes to gaseous carbon dioxide. Which row describes the initial and
final states?
initial state final state
A P R
B Q P
C R P
D R Q

2. What is a basic assumption of the kinetic theory, as applied to an ideal gas?

A Collisions between gas molecules are elastic.
B Each gas molecule occupies a finite volume.
C Gases consist of particles that experience the force of gravity.
D Gas molecules attract each other with weak intermolecular forces.

3. Argon is a gas used to fill electric light bulbs. Under which conditions of pressure and temperature
will argon behave most like an ideal gas?
pressure temperature
A high high
B high low
C low high
D low low

4. Which gas is likely to deviate most from ideal gas behaviour?

A HCl B He C CH4 D N2

5. In the ideal gas equation, pV = nRT, what are the units of n and T ?
n T
o
A no units C
B no units K
o
C mol C
D mol K

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6. A sample of an ideal gas is contained at a constant temperature of 300 K in a gas syringe. The
pV
pressure is increased and a graph of against pressure is plotted. Which graph correctly represents
RT
the results?

7. What is the volume of steam produced when 1.00 g of ice is heated to 323 oC at a pressure of
101 kPa?
A 0.27 dm3 B 1.3 dm3 C 2.7 dm3 D 48 dm3

8. In this question you should assume methane behaves as an ideal gas. The volume of a sample of
methane is measured at a temperature of 60oC and a pressure of 103 kPa. The volume measured is
5.37  10–3 m3. What is the mass of the sample of methane, given to two significant figures?
A 0.0032 g B 0.018 g C 3.2 g D 18 g

9. The complete combustion of 2 moles of a straight chain alkane produces 400 dm 3 of carbon
dioxide measured at 301 K and 1  105Pa. Carbon dioxide can be assumed to behave as an ideal gas
under these conditions. What is the formula of the straight chain alkane?
A C8H18 B C16H34 C C20H42 D C40H82

10. A container is partially filled with hot water, sealed and left to cool. Which statements are correct?
1 As the temperature decreases, water molecules lose kinetic energy.
2 As the temperature decreases, more water molecules move from vapour to liquid.
3 As the temperature decreases, the vapour pressure of the water decreases.
A 1, 2 and 3 are correct B 1 and 2 only are correct
C 2 and 3 only are correct D 1 only is correct

11. Which statement about graphite and diamond is correct?

A Diamond has a high melting point but graphite does not.
B Graphite and diamond both conduct electricity.
C Graphite and diamond both have giant structures.
D Graphite is ionic and diamond is covalent.

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12. Which substances have similar structures?
A diamond and graphite B diamond and silicon(IV) oxide
C graphite and poly(ethene) D graphite and silicon(IV) oxide

13. An article in a science magazine contains the following statement. ‘It is lighter than a feather,
stronger than steel, yet incredibly flexible and more conductive than copper.’ Which form of carbon
is being described?
A buckminsterfullerene B diamond C graphene D graphite

14. Graphene, graphite and the fullerene C60 are allotropes of carbon. Which statements are correct
for all three of these allotropes of carbon?
1 Delocalised electrons are present in the structure.
2 All bond angles are 120o.
3 It has a giant molecular crystalline lattice structure.
A 1, 2 and 3 are correct B 1 and 2 only are correct
C 2 and 3 only are correct D 1 only is correct