Sem 5 MP Report

Design and Simulation of Bluetooth controlled home automation system using 8051
microcontroller
A Mini Project Report
On
“Design and Simulation of Bluetooth Controlled Home

Automation System using 8051 Microcontroller”
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of
Bachelor of Engineering
Third Year Engineering (Sem V)
In
ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
By
Mr. Swaraj Rathod (121ET1047A)
Ms. Janhavi Patil (122ET3223B)
Ms. Kanti Mohite (121ET1141B)
Mr. Chinmay Patil (121ET1085A)
Under the guidance of
Prof. Padmaja Deshpande
MGMCET KAMOTHE Page 1

microcontroller
PROJECT APPROVAL FOR T.E

This project report entitled "Design and Simulation of Bluetooth Controlled Home Automation
System using 8051 microcontroller " by Mr. Swaraj Rathod (121ET1047A), Ms. Janhavi Patil
(122ET3223B), Ms. Kanti Mohite (121ET1141B), Mr. Chinmay Patil (121ET1085A) is
approved for the degree of Bachelor of Engineering Electronics & Telecommunication
Engineering).
EXAMINERS
1._______________________________
2._________________________________
DATE :
PLACE:

microcontroller
DECLARATION
We declare that this written submission represents our ideas in my own words and where other's
ideas or words have been included. We have adequately cited and referenced the original
sources. We also declare that we have adhered to all the principles of academic honesty and
integrity and have not misinterpreted or fabricated or falsified any idea/data/fact/source in my
submission. We understand that any violation of the above will cause disciplinary action by
the Institute and can also evoke penal action from the sources which have thus not been
properly cited or from whom proper permission has not been taken when required.
______________________________
DATE:
PLACE:

microcontroller
Academic Year : 2023-2024
CERTIFICATE
Design & Implementation of “Design and simulation of Bluetooth Controlled Home
Automation System using 8051 microcontroller " is a bonafide work of Mr. Swaraj Rathod
(121ET1047A), Ms. Janhavi Patil (122ET3223B), Ms. Kanti Mohite (121ET1141B) , Mr.
Chinmay Patil (121ET1085A) submitted to the University of Mumbai in partial fulfillment
of the degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Electronics & Telecommunication of Mumbai
University, during the academic year 2023-24.
(Prof. PADMAJA DESHPANDE) (Prof. PRALHAD NARWADE)

PROJECT GUIDE HEAD OF DEPARTMENT
(Dr. GEETA LATHKAR) (Dr. V.G. SAYAGAVI)

DIRECTOR VICE PRINCIPAL

microcontroller
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It is our privilege to express sincerest regards for valuable guidance to our worthy project guide
Prof. Padmaja Deshpande and HoD of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering
Department Prof. Prahlad Narwade who gave us the golden opportunity to do this wonderful
project on the topic "Design and Simulation of Bluetooth Controlled Home Automation
System using 8051 microcontroller '' for their valuable inputs, guidance, encouragement,
whole-hearted cooperation and constructive criticism throughout the duration of project work.
We express thanks to the Honorable Director Dr. Geeta Lathkar and Vice principal Dr. V.G.
Saygavi for encouraging and allowing our department premises for the partial fulfillment of
the requirements, whole hearted cooperation, motivation and constructive criticism throughout
the duration of project work.
We are also thankful to the faculty members who directly or indirectly helped me to complete
the project and report. We also immensely thank our parents for their support.
______________________________
DATE:
PLACE:

microcontroller
ABSTRACT
Home automation systems make the revolutionary changed in the human’s comfort ability and
also make the life easier. In this system person can control all the appliances through the
smartphones. There are many technologies through they can control home appliances
according to their specific range. Such technologies are ZigBee, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, En-Ocean
and GSM. By choosing any of technology appliances can be control. This system can save time
and unwanted consumption of electricity. The system is based on the embedded system and
can acts as a security guard of the home. In this system it can control the temperature, humidity,
gas density, water immersion of the house. The purpose of this research paper is to control all
the home appliances through smart phone. Bluetooth has a range of 10-15 meters, so that you
can switch ON and OFF any electronic appliance within the range. Here we have used 8051
microcontroller with a Bluetooth module, for wirelessly receive the data sent from the Android
Phone. So that microcontroller can turn ON and OFF the home appliances accordingly.

microcontroller
CONTENTS
Sr. Topic Page no

no
1. Introduction 8
2. System block diagram 10
3. System requirements 11
4. System working design 14
5. The working of mobile application 16
6. Circuit Diagram 17
7. Writing the program 19
8. Advantages 21
9. Future scope 23
10. Conclusion 24
11. Reference 25

microcontroller
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
There is increasing demand for good homes, where appliances react automatically to changing
environmental conditions and might be simply controlled through one common device. This
project presents an attainable answer whereby the user controls devices by using their only
mobile phone, where control is communicated to the Microcontroller from a mobile phone
through its Bluetooth interface. There are many technologies are used for smart home
automation. Currently, GSM, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, USB, ZigBee Technology. In this project we
have used 8051 (AT89S51) microcontroller for controlling the entire process of this project.
Bluetooth module can be employed for controlling the home appliances wirelessly. Home
appliances will be turned ON and OFF when user will touch button in Bluetooth mobile
application in cell phone. We can use any Bluetooth application which will send character
through Bluetooth. After that controller will receive the data and compare according to their
code and generate a signal and go to ULN2803 Driver then after driver will drive the relay and
hence relay operate and control the different appliances. Manual system should be avoided over
Automatic systems. Through this project we have tried to show real model of house and also
control all appliances as a result of which power is saved to some extent. Automation is that
the use of management systems and data technologies to cut back the requirement for human
work in the manufacturing. Automation plays an increasingly important role with in the world
economy and in daily expertise. Automation might be enhancing the world economy of
enterprises, society or most of humankind. For example, an enterprise that has invested in
automation technology recovers its investment, or a state or country will increase its financial
gain because of automation like Germany or Japan in the 20th Century. Moreover, humans are
more possible to commit errors and in intensive condition the probability of error increases,
whereas an automated device can work with almost zero error. In the dangerous environment
(i.e. fire, space, volcanoes, nuclear facilities, underwater, etc.) human can be replaced.
Performing tasks that are on the far side human capabilities of size, weight, speed, etc. This is
why this project looks into construction and implementation of a system involving Prototype
to control a many of electrical and electronic systems. We are surrounded by smart devices that
are capable of making decisions on their own without much human interaction. The home

microcontroller
automation may include centralized control of electrical devices including lightings, appliances
and security. Presented here is a touch-control based home automation system that can control
up to eight electrical devices. Life will become simpler if we can control devices like lights,
AC, fans, TV, or a music system with a remote from a distance just by pressing the button. In
today’s world scenario the things are day by day are getting easier for the humankind. There
are many things which will be taking a revolutionary step towards the humankind. The new
inventions and technologies have been done in the world for easier life and comfort. There are
technologies like remote automated system are implemented in the industries. However, in the
past decade, the definition has been a lot of inclusive covering big selection of applications like
healthcare, utilities, transport, etc. The extensive capabilities of this method are what create it
thus attention-grabbing. From a simple cell phone, a user is able to control and monitor with
virtually any electrical devices. This makes it possible for users to control appliances being
anywhere across the world. The end product will have a simplistic design creating it simple for
users to act with.

microcontroller
CHAPTER 2
SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
Fan
Blue-
tooth Relay
8051 Ligh
Modul s t
e
TV
Figure 2.1: Block diagram
This block diagram shows the operation of whole system which is going to operate by the
following manner.
• Android mobile
• Bluetooth module (HC-05)
• 8051 µController (AT89S51)
• Relay driver module (ULN2803A)
• Relay module (8 channels)
• Home appliances (fan, motor, light, etc.)
First of all user will open the Bluetooth app in the android phone and connect to Bluetooth
module after the giving the specific signal to microcontroller through Tx, Rx pin of the
Bluetooth module. Then after the microcontroller reads the input data (Tx, Rx) pin from the
Bluetooth and generate a signal and give to the relay driver. This will operate the 8 channel
relay.

microcontroller
CHAPTER 3
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
The description of hardware and software components required in the design implementation
are as follows:
• 8051 microcontroller
• Bluetooth Module HC05
• RelayULN2003
• Bulb
• Holder
• Wire
• IC 7805
• Android phone
• Bluetooth controller app Android app
• 10uf capacitor
• 1000uf capacitor
• 10K resistor
• 1k resistor
• Power Supply
1. 8051 Microcontroller :
Figure : 3.1 : 8051 microcontroller
The AT89S51 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with 4K

bytes of In System Programmable Flash memory. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU
with In System Programmable Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel AT89S51 is a

microcontroller
powerful microcontroller which provides a highly-flexible and cost- effective solution

to many embedded management applications. The AT89S51 provides the subsequent
normal features: 4K bytes of Flash, 128 bytes of RAM, thirty-two I/O lines, Watchdog
timer, 2 information pointers, 2 16-bit timer/counters, a five-vector two-level interrupt
architecture, a full duplex serial port, on-chip oscillator, and clock circuitry. In addition,
the AT89S51 Is made with static logic for operation down to zero frequency and
supports two software selectable power saving modes. The Power-down mode saves
the RAM contents however freezes the oscillator, disabling all alternative chip
functions until the next external interrupt or hardware reset.
2. Bluetooth module :
Figure 3.2 : Bluetooth module
The HC-05 may be a terribly cool module which may add two-way (full-duplex) wireless
functionality in our projects. We can use this module to communicate between microcontrollers
with any device with Bluetooth functionality like a tablet, phone or laptop. There are many
android & IOS applications that are already available which made the process easier. The
module communicates with the assistance of USART at 9600 baud thus it's simple to interface
with any microcontrollers which support USART. We are able to additionally set up the default
values of the module by using the command mode. So, if you are looking for a Wireless module
that would transfer Character from your computer or mobile phone to microcontroller. And
this is the best choice for us. But this module cannot transfer multimedia like, songs or photos;
so for transferring the data we choose the HC-05 interface.

microcontroller
3. Relay Driver :
Figure 3.3 : Relay Driver
The ULN2803A is a device which has 50 V, 500 mA Darlington transistor array. The device
consists of eight NPN Darlington pairs that that have high voltage output which can drive the
inductive load. Each pair has a 500mAcollector current. For higher current capability The
Darlington pairs can be connected in parallel. It can drive many of Applications include relay
drivers, lamp drivers, hammer drivers, display drivers, line drivers, and logic buffers. This
transistor has a 2.7kΩ series base resistor for each Darlington Legs for operation directly with
TTL or 5-VCMOS devices.

microcontroller
CHAPTER 4
SYSTEM WORKING DESIGN
Figure 4.1: System Flowchart

microcontroller
First of all, user power on the 5v rated DC supply in to Bluetooth and controller then user need
to download Bluetooth application and connect with Bluetooth module HC-05 the device will
paired if not paired check the connection and then connect, if user send the instruction, the
Bluetooth will receive the data and send to microcontroller by Tx and Rx pin then controller
will receive the data with Tx, Rx pin respectively and understand the instruction and verify
with code and perform specified operation ,so then signal is generate in microcontroller port
and give to ULN2803 Darlington transistor then it will drive the 8- channel relay and that way
the whole operation is going to run.

microcontroller
CHAPTER 5
THE WORKING OF MOBILE APPLICATION
In this project we have used 8051 microcontroller for controlling the whole process of this
project. And a Bluetooth module is used for controlling the home appliances wirelessly. Home
appliances will turned ON and OFF when user will touch button in the Bluetooth mobile app
in Android mobile phone. To run this project, first we need to download Bluetooth app form
Google play store. We can use any Bluetooth app that can send data using Bluetooth. Here are
some apps name that can be used:
1. Bluetooth Spp pr
2. Bluetooth controller
After installing the App, you need to open it and then search Bluetooth device and select HC-
05Bluetooth device. And then configure keys. Here in this project we have used
Bluetooth controller app
1. Download and install Bluetooth Controller.
2. Turned ON mobile Bluetooth.
3. Now open Bluetooth controller app
4. Press scan
5. Select desired Bluetooth device (Bluetooth Module HC-05)
6. Now set keys by pressing set buttons on screen To set keys we need to press ‘set button’ and
set key according to picture given below:

microcontroller
After setting keys press ok. You can see in the above picture that there are 9 buttons in which
first row is for fan controlling, second one is for light controlling and last one is for TV
controlling. Means First row’s ON and OFF buttons are used to ON and OFF the fan, second
row’s buttons are for Light and third ones are for TV. We have used three bulbs of different
colors instead of TV and fan, for demonstration purpose. Now, when we touch any button in
Bluetooth controller app then Android phone sends a value to Bluetooth module, after receiving
this value, Bluetooth module sends the received value to the microcontroller and then
microcontroller reads it and compare it with predefined value. If any match is occurred then
microcontroller performs relative operation. Same operation will perform each time when
button pressed. Now, when user touch ‘Fan On’ button in Bluetooth controller app then
microcontroller receives ‘1’via Bluetooth module and then controller Switch ‘On’ the Fan by
using relay driver and relay. And when user touch ‘Fan Off’ button in Bluetooth controller app
then microcontroller receives ‘2’ via Bluetooth module and then controller Switch ‘Off’ the
Fan by using relay driver and relay . Likewise 3,4,5,6 numbers are sent by Android Phone,
when Light On, Light Off, TV On, TV Off button has been touched respectively:

microcontroller
CHAPTER 6
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
Figure 6.1 : Circuit Diagram
Circuit connections of this project are very simple. Bluetooth module’s Rx and Tx pins are
directly connected to the Tx and Rx pins of Microcontroller. Three 5-volt relays are used as a
switch for turning On and Off the home appliances running on AC mains. And a relay driver
ULN2003 is used for driving relays. Fan, Light and TV are connected at P2.1, P2.2 and P2.3 via
relays and relay driver. An 11.0592 MHz Crystal oscillator is used in this circuit for generating
clock signal for microcontroller. And a 5 volt voltage regulator LM7805 is used for provide 5
volt for the whole circuit.

microcontroller
CHAPTER 7
WRITING THE PROGRAM

Software used : Keil

microcontroller

microcontroller
Chapter 8
Advantages
1. Managing all of your home devices from one place. The convenience factor here is
enormous. Being able to keep all of the technology in your home connected through one
interface is a massive step forward for technology and home management. Theoretically, all
you’ll have to do is learn how to use one app on your smartphone and tablet, and you’ll be able
to tap into countless functions and devices throughout your home. This cuts way back on the
learning curve for new users, makes it easier to access the functionality you truly want for your
home.
2. Flexibility for new devices and appliances. Smart home systems tend to be wonderfully
flexible when it comes to the accommodation of new devices and appliances and other
technology. No matter how state-of-the-art your appliances seem today, there will be newer,
more impressive models developed as time goes on. Beyond that, you’ll probably add to your
suite of devices as you replace the older ones or discover new technology to accompany your
indoor and outdoor spaces. Being able to integrate these newcomers seamlessly will make your
job as a homeowner much easier, and allow you to keep upgrading to the latest lifestyle
technology.
3. Maximizing home security. When you incorporate security and surveillance features in your
smart home network, your home security can skyrocket. There are tons of options here -- only
a few dozen of which are currently being explored. For example, home automation systems
can connect motion detectors, surveillance cameras, automated door locks, and other tangible
security measures throughout your home so you can activate them from one mobile device
before heading to bed. You can also choose to receive security alerts on your various devices
depending on the time of day an alert goes off, and monitor activities in real-time whether
you’re in the house or halfway around the globe.
4. Remote control of home functions. Don’t underestimate the power of being able to control
your home’s functions from a distance. On an exceptionally hot day, you can order your house
to become cooler in just enough time before you get home from work. If you’re in a hurry to
get dinner started but you’re still at the store, you can have your oven start to preheat while
you’re still on your way home. You can even check to see if you left the lights on, who is at
your front door, or make sure you turned off all your media while you’re away.
5. Increased energy efficiency. Depending on how you use your smart-home technology, it’s
possible to make your space more energy-efficient. For example, you can have more precise
control over the heating and cooling of your home with a programmable smart thermostat that
learns your schedule and temperature preferences, and then suggests the best energy efficient
settings throughout the day. Lights and motorized shades can be programmed to switch to an
evening mode as the sun sets, or lights can turn on and off automatically when you enter or
leave the room, so you never have to worry about wasting energy.
6. Improved appliance functionality. Smart homes can also help you run your appliances better.
A smart TV will help you find better apps and channels to locate your favourite programming.
A smart oven will assist you with cooking your chicken to perfection -- without ever worrying

microcontroller
about overcooking or undercooking it. An intelligently designed home theatre and audio system
can make managing your movie and music collection effortless when entertaining guests.
Ultimately, connecting your appliances and other systems with automation technology will
improve your appliance effectiveness and overall make your home life much easier and more
enjoyable!
7. Home management insights. There’s also something to be said for your ability to tap into
insights on how your home operates. You can monitor how often you watch TV (and what you
watch), what kind of meals you cook in your oven, the type of foods you keep in your
refrigerator, and your energy consumption habits over time. From these insights, you may be
able to analyse your daily habits and behaviours, and make adjustments to live the lifestyle you
desire.

microcontroller
CHAPTER 9
FUTURE SCOPES
Future implications of this project is vast, it can cover entire things to be controlled around the
world. The project we have undertaken it can be taken as a greater level to show the capabilities
of the system it can cover temperature updates, weather forecasting, system synchronization,
etc. The project itself can be modified to achieve a complete Home Automation System which
can create a platform for the user to interface between himself and his household. In future, the
system will be more compact and handier with combining the microcontroller and Bluetooth
module. The electric failure shall not be taken place because hardware will be self-contained.
This appliance will have its own power bank and charging system. This system is developed
for mobile reporting application and many more. The computer system will also be interfaced
to record and process data base.

microcontroller
CHAPTER 10
CONCLUSION
Hence from this project we have learned a better Perspective on numerous aspects associated
with our course of study as well as sensible data of electronic equipment’s and Communication.
The extensive capabilities of this system are what make it so interesting. From a simple mobile
phone, a User is able to control and monitor with virtually any Electrical devices. This makes
it possible for users to control Appliances being anywhere across the world. And also, the
Television and alternative electrical appliances wasn’t left running when they left the house to
simply list some of the various uses of this system. The end product will have a simplistic
design making it easy for users to interact with.

microcontroller
REFERENCES
1. The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems: Using Assembly and C Mazidi and McKinlay
2. Principles of Transistor Circuits: Introduction to the Design of Amplifiers, Receivers and Digital
Circuits 7th Edition, Kindle Edition
3. Principles of Transistor Circuits by S.W.Amos, Mike James
4.HC-05 Bluetooth + Arduino Kindle Edition by Michael Wright
5.8051 Microcontroller: An Application Based Introduction by David Calcutt, Frederick Cowan,

Hassan Parchizedeh.
6. Programming in ANSI C by Balagurusami
7. Home Automation Dummies book by Dwight Sipway
8. Embedded Networking with CAN and CAN open by Pfeiffer, Ayre & Keydel.

Sem 5 MP Report

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

You might also like

Sem 5 MP Report

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Sem 5 MP Report

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Design and Simulation of Bluetooth controlled home automation system using 8051

A Mini Project Report

“Design and Simulation of Bluetooth Controlled Home

Third Year Engineering (Sem V)

ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Mr. Swaraj Rathod (121ET1047A)

Ms. Janhavi Patil (122ET3223B)

Ms. Kanti Mohite (121ET1141B)

Mr. Chinmay Patil (121ET1085A)

Under the guidance of

Prof. Padmaja Deshpande

MGMCET KAMOTHE Page 1

PROJECT APPROVAL FOR T.E

MGMCET KAMOTHE Page 2

Mr. Swaraj Rathod (121ET1047A)

Ms. Janhavi Patil (122ET3223B)

Ms. Kanti Mohite (121ET1141B)

Mr. Chinmay Patil (121ET1085A)

MGMCET KAMOTHE Page 3

Academic Year : 2023-2024

(Prof. PADMAJA DESHPANDE) (Prof. PRALHAD NARWADE)

(Dr. GEETA LATHKAR) (Dr. V.G. SAYAGAVI)

MGMCET KAMOTHE Page 4

Mr. Swaraj Rathod (121ET1047A)

Ms. Janhavi Patil (122ET3223B)

Ms. Kanti Mohite (121ET1141B)

Mr. Chinmay Patil (121ET1085A)

MGMCET KAMOTHE Page 5

MGMCET KAMOTHE Page 6

Sr. Topic Page no

2. System block diagram 10

4. System working design 14

5. The working of mobile application 16

7. Writing the program 19

MGMCET KAMOTHE Page 7

MGMCET KAMOTHE Page 8

MGMCET KAMOTHE Page 9

SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM

Figure 2.1: Block diagram

• Bluetooth module (HC-05)

• 8051 µController (AT89S51)

• Relay driver module (ULN2803A)

• Relay module (8 channels)

• Home appliances (fan, motor, light, etc.)

MGMCET KAMOTHE Page 10

Figure : 3.1 : 8051 microcontroller

The AT89S51 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with 4K

MGMCET KAMOTHE Page 11

powerful microcontroller which provides a highly-flexible and cost- effective solution

Figure 3.2 : Bluetooth module

MGMCET KAMOTHE Page 12

Figure 3.3 : Relay Driver

MGMCET KAMOTHE Page 13

Figure 4.1: System Flowchart

MGMCET KAMOTHE Page 14

MGMCET KAMOTHE Page 15

THE WORKING OF MOBILE APPLICATION