B y t h e S a m é A u t ho r

The Tra gedy f S i r Fra n c is B a co n ( G ra n t Richa rds 1 90 2 )

o ,

The S ha k e sp e a re S y mphony ( Cha p ma n 6 Ha ll 1 9 0 6) »

,

A Ne w L ig ht o n the R en a issa n ce ( De n t I9 0 9 ) ,

The Un disc o v ered C o u n try ( C a sse ll 1 9 18 ) ,

A rc ha ic En g la n d ( Cha p ma n 6 Ha ll 1 9 19 ) ,

Th e L ost L a n gu age of L on do n ( C a pe I 93 5 ) ,

S p a ldi n g s Qu a rte rly ( S p a lding 6 H o dg e 19 2 3 — 193 9 )

’
»
,

A VV A ITING P U B L ICA TIO N

The Magic of Words
Prehistory in Pla ce Na mes
The Wa ndering f e w
S t C reda
. a nd C rete
King A rthu r
Noa k s A rk ( A K ing A rthu r)
'
sequ e l to
The B i rth f B rita n n ia
o

Z eb e dee a n d Qu een S heb a

B og an d B og ies
The R o ot f j e ss e
o

The C o u th G oths
The G re a t White Hors e
 T HE

L O ST LA NG UA G E
O F S Y M B O L IS M
A N INQ U IR Y INTO TH E O R IG IN O F C E R TA IN
L E TTE R S , W O R DS NA ME S FA IR Y -TA LE S
, , ,

FO LKLO R E A ND , MY TH OL O G IES

HA ROL D BA YL EY

Th e Eng li sh min d , not re a d rl y s yd

wa e by rh toric
e mo v e s r ly
f ee
u r
n de r ssur
t he p e e ofcts fa .

E
,

B TY L O R

O ne ma y , fo r a mom t rous i t r s t b
en a e n e e y a ne w hy th s s bb
po e i , ut
o y
it is n l b y t h e a ccumu t o ct s th t b l o
la i n
,

of fa a pu rc p in io n rc t y
IS p e ep
.

i l
u c
in fl e n e d in t he e n d .
W A LT E R J O HNS O N .

V OL . I

Ne w York

B A R NE S NO B LE ,
INC .
 C O NT ENT S

C HA PTE R I

IN T R O DU C T O R Y
PA G ES
Emb lem t ra de ma rk s of th e Mi ddle A ge s Th e Hugue n o ts an d

Pp
a e r- m ak i ng W o rk i n g me n s -
’
G u ds il Fre e ma so n ry an d

G no s t —~Th e In t i ma t e Re lat i o n
ii
c sm b e tw e e n S ym b o s m li an d

La n gua ge —A n t i q u i ty o f Pla c e -Na me s

C HA PTE R II

T HE PA R A BL E O F T HE PILG R I M
Bre t h re n —The S word
”

The Bo he m i an o f t he pi i t— Th H lme t f
S r e e o

lv t i on— Fa th —Th e i G i dl f R i g ht u
‘

Sa a The S ta fl of r e o eo sn e ss

- Th e W i ngs of A s pi tio —Th

ra n e Sp t l o f th e H l y
e c ac e s o

G ho st — The Un ic orn — T h Fl u e ed e Lys — Lux lu ce t in

r

t en e bris—~ Th e C a n d le o f th e —
Lo rd Th e “
A n o n t e d o f th e i
i
L g ht ” — T he In vl
u n e ra b e l Sh i ld
e an d Buc k l er Th e
Do lphi n — The Bo n da g e o f Ign o ra n c e —T he Lib e rty of i
L gh t

C HA PTE R III

T HE W A YS O F A SC EN T
La dde r of Pe rfe c t l S t —The D le t b l M
i o n— T h e Po e an e c a e o un

t i
a ns W k i P y —Th S il—Th D v — Th R
or s ra er e a e o e e e

b i t h — A ti q ui ty f th
r n d — Th S e p t f R g
o ti
e i ea e r en o e e n e ra on
— Th W e
y f P i
a ty
— Th S t
o g
—Th Wur
y of J t i — Th e a e a us ce e

S l — Th
ca e s N mb E gh t — Th W y o f C h i ty—
e u er ~Th i e a ar e

H rt— Th W y f H mil i ty Th A —Th W y f

ea e a o u - e ss e a o

H p —T h A h — Th W y f U fl gg i g T ll—Th Ox
o e e nc or e a o n a n o e -
3 54
2
vi THE LO ST L A NG U A G E O F SYMB OL I SM

C HA PTE R IV

T HE MI LL EN N IU M
PA G ES
The G l
ob e and C ro ss — Th e Me ss i a h — C o m mun i sm o f Th e R o ma n c e
of t he R ose — T he
Pe a s a n t s W a r— The E a n g e c a Ch r s
’
v li l i
t ia n B ro t h e rh o o d — T h e S e g e o f Mun s t e r B y Pe a c e i
l i
P e nt y a n d b y W s do m Pe a c e — The S ta n da rd o f R g hte o us i
n e ss — T he Re n a i s sa n c e — T he “
Fo re run n e r of l
P e a sa n t
Phoeb us — Th e Po rta s o f t h e S k y— T he Ib s , th e B rd
”
l i i of

Mo rn n g— The Ba b o o n th e Ha e r o f th e Da w n
i , il

CH A PT E R V

T HE G O O D S PIR I T

Mo n o the i sm o f t he A nc i en t s— T he Te t ra g ra mma to n — Th e A l phe

Ta u — A lp h a and O m e g a —T he C o m p as se s — T h e p
S h e re
T h e S ca ra b ae u s — Th e D o ub l e -h e ad e d Ea g l e —The T hun de r
B rd — The Th re e C
i i l
— Th e C o e r Le a f— The ua dr fo l
rc e s Q lv i i
—T he F ure
g i Fo ur—~The S a st k a — S o o mo n s v i
n o ts — Th e l ’
K
E ye of He a ve n —T h e W a t c he r— Th e Pan th e r’ s B re a th
T he Bu ll ro a re r — The Ba d Ser p e n t— Th e Mys t i c T ie
J pi t Cha i n— Th e C o ll ar of S S — T h e G o o s e t hat La d th e i
’
u er s

G ld o en E g g — Th e S illy
— Th e G o o d S h e h e rd
“
S he e p p
T h e S a c re d n e — Ho n e y an d M k — The M k Pa l
Ki il il i
O R PHE S — U
OSl R l S — T h e S a c re d Bu — T he Mo o n “
an ll
In s t ru m e n t o f th e A rm i es Abo v e
”
70 —10 5

C HA PTE R V I

T HE HO ST S O F T HE LO R D
Ni g h t “
C hr i st s
’
K n o ck n g i i
T me —Th e Mo o nA w ak e n i ng

T he S t a rs t he Moo n -G o d— Th e Th rea te n i n g Mo o n
i
fa c e — T he Z g za g o f Efi ulg e n c e — T h e C o n te s t b e tw e e n L g h t
‘

i
a n d D a rk n e ss — MERODA H, Tro ub e r o f th e E O n es
“
vil C l
IN DR A th L d f S t —OR MUZ— A POLLO— HORUS —Th
e or o a rs e
,

H w k f G ld — Th G
a ot B S ym b l f th
o S lf e re a e a r, 3 o o e e

exi t t— Th H
s en f t h S pi i t— J k t h G i
e tk i ll — Th
o rn o e r ac e an er e

Fi y C er d t h G th i g f t h Cl
ro ss a n —Th A w k e a er n o e an s e a en

i g B ll— Th C k N t v B llm f th Ni g h t “ ”
n e th e oc ,
e a i e e an o e

Ch t i l d th R i g S
an c er an e is n un
 C ON TE NTS

A
C H PTE R V II

KI N G .
SO LO MO N
PA G ES
i Li fe — The pi i t l S un — G rea t Un t — Th e i
“
F re of S r ua Y ”
the

So l
W he e l — BR A HMA —
ar The O v e rs o u l— The F o we r l of
—
Fla m e The Mys t i c “
33
—MITHR A
, th e li
S u n g h t — Th e
B i rthda y i
o f C h r s t— The Co c k of A BR A X S A
” - D l ONYSO S
C h dre n il o f th e S un — C t ii e s o f the S un — S o l o mo n , a So lar

He ro The S o ng o f S olo mo n —Th e C h a r o t i o f th e ,

S un
Th e V ii s on of A D ON A I— T h e Te m pl e of S OLOMON— Th e

Pala c e o f th e S un — Th e G o d e n C o l l umn — The Tw i C l m n o u ns

—Th e Th re e Co l um n s — Th e Na il— The Corn e r-S to n e - -The e

Pre a c he r 132 —166

A
C H PTE R V III

T HE FA I R SHU LA MIT E

S olo mo n s ’
Br d e i W i s do m — I I —E SS pt i an Myste ry
gy or

Pa ss i on - pl a ys — Th e In v oca t on i of O S IR IS Th e L tt i l e

S i s t e r o f The S o ng of S o lo mo n — Th e S h ula m ite s In c o n gru

” ’

o us Q ua l i t i es W i s d o m o n e a lo n e ye t m an i fo ld— Th e
Wedding S ong o f W is d o m — Th e V i gi
r n S OPHIA — IS HTA R
- He r De sc e n t i n to He ll— Th e D e sc e n t of t he S un
So lm o on once a S cu lli on— C i n de re — C UPID a nd PSYC HE
ll a

C INDERELLA li Li gh t — The Pri n c e ss in t he

“
ga rb ed k e th e
C v — Th
a e e
“
Ma d w th the Ha
i i i r of Go d l ” —S UDOLISU
Th e Na me s o f C INDER ELLA — “
A He i fe r of t h e Da w n
”

CI NDER ELLA th e C hr st i i na 167- 19 5

C HA PTER IX

C I N D ER ELL A
Magn a Mat e r— The La dy o f the G rea t A b yss —Th e G oo d a n d
Pe rfe ct S e r e n t— The W a t e r-Math e r - S ymb o sm o f B ue
p li l
S ymb o sm of B a ck li S o o t y Fa c e —Th e Ma d o f t h e M st
l i i
i
—Th e A n c e n t o f Da ys— Th e H mn o f th e Ro b e o f G o r
y y l
The Pe ar l o f Pr c e — C i i n de re ll ’
a s Ro b e s— A the Mouse POLLO
-Th e He a rt h C a t— Th e C rys ta l S hoe — Th e S a t o f W sdo m l i
i
Pr n c e ss W oo de nc loak ”
196-23 1
viii THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL ISM
C HA PT E R x

T HE ST A R O F T HE S EA
PA G E S

Ma ria — La dy Da y— The S t a r o f t h e S e a — The M rro r o f Pe r i

fec t io n — Th e Le tte r M Me m th e W a t e rs — Th e Fo un ta n i
of W i sdo m — Th e W e ll of True W ate r— The De w of th e
Ho ly pi it— Th C p f S lv t i — Th Ch li f Ev
S r e u o a a on e a ce o er

l ti g G l y—Th D l t b l Liq
as n orf W i d m— Th e e ec a e uo r o s o e

D ivi N l ne B t h l th H f G d— T h
n e e us H lt h e e ,
”
e o us e o o e ea

f th S i k — S l m S l— Th G t of H v — S t
” ’
o e c o o on s ea e a e ea en

C th i
a W h l — Th K y f H v — Th D i m d f
e r ne ee s e e s o ea en e a on o

D y —T h H ly G
a e o 2 32—266
oo se

C HA PT E R X l

O NE-EY E, T W O -EY ES, T HR EE-EY ES A ND

Fiv V i t
e — Th F r ue sC h ild f W i d m — O i gi
e f th
o ur re n o s o r n o e

Fig E i g h t— Th
u re Twi C i l — Th All p F
e t n rc e s e - ure o un

O -Ey
ne T w Ey e,d Th Ey — S ym b li m
o- f th
e s, an re e - es o s o e

F — Th O
ace Ey d A im p e — Th G ld G
ne - di g e r as ta n s e o - ua r n

G iffi — POLY PHEMUS— U YS S Es— IS HTA R — E STHER — Th

r ns L e

R t f J ES S E— Th S v
oo o Il S — Th C h ild
R IS I- fIe l e en e re n o sra e

M i g f th N m C i d ll
e an n o e a 267
e n e re a -2 87

C HA PTE R xu

T HE EY E O F T HE U N I V ER S E

Eye o f L g h t— The Pe rfe c t C rc e — The E a t De h — Th e

i i l lp i
Le tte r T — Th e Le tt e r D — Th e Le t te r Z— T h e Le t te r X
s
'

e Ta u r e J — l Ioch ! Hoch
-
E ach h e G re e k E leleu
ii
t h e S e m t c A llel uia ! o r Ha l le l uja h t — Hu r ray -S e la h .

V zo e t— La us - Th e Nam e j o h n —f o r m, j E HO V A H — S A TA N
‘

L US
C A — A PO LLO ppl
an d A e — 0 9, th e E e , Hoo a n d Ho e ,
7 y p p
EUR OPE— Th L tt P igi lly S h ph d k
’
e e C er , or na a e er s roo

S ym b l f P t h F d
o o d A ll F t h — P t
a, e JUPITER ee er a n - a er a er , ,

an d S T PA TR IC K— Th Ox y D i y— T h O x y h e -e e a s e or a

IOS B CC HUS— Th E g le H wk
l A KC I- ,
A B i d f Fi — T h e a a or r o re e

S G d PER U N — B
un - o d pe — BR HMA d th G ea r an re A an e oo s e

-B l— T h
ra 7/o H dg h g — Th S U h i — Th B
e e e o e ea- rc n e urr

LIBER B A CC HUS
or d l ib ty — Th S d i vi FR O an er e ca n na an

Fire , f a ir , pha r e, an d PHA RA O H— Fa irie s , perils, p ixies , and

fer o u e r s —322
288
 C O NTE N TS

C HA PTE R X III

T HE PR ESI D EN T O F T HE MO U N T A IN S
PA G E S

C re at iv e l
B ul — T h e B e e t l e or C ha fe r— HE OL , th e Ce lt i c S un ~
G o d — Th e Le tte r R , l
a so a p
S h e h e rd s C ro ok —~ Th e G re e k
’

rho — Th e De it y R A D EG O a T— PA N, t h e G o d of S h e h e rdsp and

i
Pre s de n t Mo un t a i n s— PA N t h e Ori g i n o f p en a n d he n
o f the ,

—PA N t e rm e d MIN— Wzrz m e a n i n a Hill t o — S mb ol i s m o f

'

-
g p r
y ,

the Mi n ive r or Erm i ne — The Sa x on IR MIN— PA N p ro b ab ly

T A MMUz — Ta mb o ur i nes — To m -t o m s — T im b re l s and Ta m
h o ur s— TA MM UZ an d ST G EO R G E— T A MM UZ and t he R iv er

T A MI E S or T HA MES — The He l s to n
“
Fu rry D a n c e — Th e
”

Ro s e of S T G EOR G E— Ho t C ro s s -B u n s — S ym b o li sm o f Ra m
a n d G o a t—
“
I a m t h e L e t te r A
” —
A i g i ll y th S i g
or na e n of a

Mo un t ai n p
Pe ak — A l h a , A e h ,
-
lp an d El p h e t — EL EPH an A NTA

Th e W h i te El ph
e a n t— Th e w o rd s h ea t and h o t— Th e
Ba c k b o n e of O sIRIs— T h e A sh e r a Ma yp o le — T h e Mig hty
or

A sh -Tre e T h e E a r o f W h e a t— Th e C a m e l — Mo un t C a rm e l
The P ill a r of Fire — T h e La b urn u m -Tre e — Th e A c a c ia -T re e
T h e Th o rn B u s h — T h e G o l d e n S ur— The S c e t re — Th e p p
l i
S o a r L o n — Th e L i on o f J u da h — i
T h e Tr de n t — T h e Pe n gu i n

or G re a t A uk — C B R IS T th e ip
P e r— Th e P e s o f PA N ip 2 —
3 3 37 5
T HE LO S T L A NG U A G E O F
S YMBO L IS M

C HA PTER I

ON
I N TR O D UCTI
Th e re c an be no q ue s t o nitha t a n e n o rmo us n umb e r o f th e s e w a te r

m ark s h a d a re lig i ou s s i g ifi
n c an c e, b ut w e a re a sk e d t o be li v e e , o n th e g ro un d
l
tha t th e s a me symb o wa s us e d c o n te m o ra n eo us y in a r o us p l v i p a rt s o f Euro e , p
l
tha t th e s e s ymb o s fo rm e d a m e an s o f n te rc o mm un c a t on a n d i i i s pi i t l
r ua

e n c o u ra g e me n t b e tw ee n a ll th o se w h o h ad b e e n a dm i tt d t e o t h e se c re t s of

th e se c t . Th e s ug g e st o ni h as ma n y pi o n ts to re c o m me n d it, b u t it re q u resi
a p l g
ro o n ed an d sc h o a r l ly an a ly i s s b e fo re it c an ra n k a s an a c c e pt b le
a

h yp th i
o e s s.

In a ll j ti
us ce to Mr B a yle y ,
le t i
us a dm t t h a t h e is n o t a rro ga n t o r do g
ma t i c. He has put fo rt h a t h e o ry gro un ds , an d
on so me w h a t i fii
n s uf c e n t

ha s e vi v xi xp
de n c e d so me o e r-an e ty to e a n d t h a t t he ory b e yo n d re a son a b e l
l im i t s. B ut h e is re ady t o c on fe ss t ha t h is o w n w o rk is o n e o f s ug g e s t o n i
ra th e r p
th a n o f ro o f, a n d h e h a s un do ub te d y e s tab s h e d a c a m to furthe r l li li
c on s id e ra t o n. i His h ypo the s is is i ng e n io us , and up to a pi o n t se e ms te na b e ; l
b ut at p re se n t we mus t re ga rd it as no t p v
ro en .
’
Westminster G a z e tte, 12 th

Ma y 190 9 .

T HIS boo k th o ugh n o t writte n sp e cially with th at e n d

, ,

s u b s ta n ti at e s t he t e n ta tiv e co n cl u s i o n s fo rm u late d th ree

y ears ago in A New Light on the Rena issa nce I th e n said .

The fact s n o w pr e se n te d t e n d t o p ro v e th at
I F ro m th e i r fi rst app earan c e in 12 82 u n til t he l atte r
.
,

h alf o f t he e ight e e n th c e n t u ry t he c u ri o u s de sign s ,

i nse rte d i n to p ap e r in t he fo rm o f wate r mark s -

l
2 TH E LO ST LA N GUAGE OF SYMB OL I SM
co n stit u te a c o h e re n t an d un bro k e n chai n o f
emblems.

2 . Th at th e se e mble m s are th o u ght fo ss il s o r th o ugh t -

c rystal s in which lie e n sh ri n e d t he aspi rati o n s an d

,

t raditi o n s o f t he n u m e ro u s m ystic an d p u rita n ic

s e ct s by which E u ro p e w as o v e rru n in t he Middl e

Age s .

3 . H e n c e th at th e se pap e r mark s are hi sto rical do c u

-

m e n t s o f high i m p o rt an c e th ro wi n g light , n o t ,

o n ly o n t he e v o l u ti o n o f E u ro p ea n th o u ght b u t ,

al so u p o n m a n y o b sc u re p ro bl e m s o f t he p ast .

4 . W at e r m arks d e n o t e th at p ap e r maki n g w as an art

- -

i n tro d u c e d i n t o E u ro p e an d fo st e re d th e re by t he
,

re R e fo rm at i o n P ro t e s ta n t se cts k n o w n in F ran c e
-
p
a s t he Albige o i s a n d Vau d o i s a n d in Italy a s t he , _

C ath ari o r Patari n i .

5 . Th a t th e se h e re si e s th o ugh n o m i nally stam p e d o ut

,

by t he Pap acy e xi s t e d secretly fo r se ve ral c e n t u ri e s

,

s u b se q u e n t t o th e i r di sapp e ara n c e fro m t he s ight

o f hi s t o ry .

6 . T he e m b e lli s h m e n t s u se d by p ri n t e rs in t he Middl e
Age s are e mbl e m s si m ilar t o th o se u se d by pap e r
m ak e rs an d e xplic abl e by a si m il ar c o d e o f i n t e r
,

re t at io n
p .

7 . T he wake n i ng k n o w n as t he R e nai ssan c e was t he

a

di re ct re su lt o f a n i n fl ue n c e de lib e rat e ly an d
traditi o nally e xe rci se d by p ap e r mak e rs p ri n t e rs -
, ,

c o bble rs an d o th e r arti san s

,
.

8 The n u rsi n g m
. o th e r o f t he R e n a i ssan c e an d c o u s e ,

q u e n tly o f t he Re fo rm ati o n was n o t as hi th e rt o , ,

ass u m e d Italy b u t t he P ro ve n cal di strict o f

,

F ran c e .

Th e re is c u ri o u s a n d di re ct p ro o f o f Vau do i s i n fl u e n c e a t
t he e n d o f o n e o f t he e arli e st e diti o n s o f t he Bibl e ( th at o f
 I NTROD UCTI ON
I 535, k n o w n to co ll e cto rs as t he O live ta n) wh e re t he fo ll o w ,

in g clai m is c u n n i n gly c o n c e al e d in ciph e r

Le s V au do is, pe u ple é v a gé liq ue n
,

O n t m is cc t hré so r e p ubliq ue
n .
”

The ve hicl e in which thi s i n t e re sti n g c rypto gram was c o n

c eale d fro m t he w o rld at l arge is t he s ta n z a fo u n d at t he

e n d o f t he vol u m e The first letters of ea ch w ord o f th e se

.

v e rse s as will b e seen sp e ll o u t t he se c re t m e ssage

, ,

Le c t e ur en t e n ds, si v e rit e a ddre sse

!

V ie ns do n e in st a m m e n t ro m e sse
ou
y r se p
Et vi f parle r l
le q ue en exc e lle c e n

V e ult a sse ure r n os t re g re lle sp e r n c e e a

Le sprit ie sus qui o isit e r

d
et or o nn e

No z t e n dre s me urs, ic i san s cry cst o n n e

To ut hault raillart esc u ma n t so n ordure .

Pre n o n s vou o r l i bie n fa it e libre me n t .

”
Ie sus qu e ro n s o e o ir et e rn e lle m e n t .

In t he fo llo wi n g st u di e s I h ave take n all sym bo l i sm t o

b e m y p ro vin c e b u t t he s u bj e cts ill u s t rate d are as b e fo re
, , ,

hith e rto u n i n t e rp re te d p ri n te rs mark s an d pap e r m ark s

-
’
- .

M o st o f th ese sig n s h ave e n ti re ly lo st th e i r p ri mitive

s ig n ifica n c e,
an d are no w u se d p u re ly fo r c o m me rci al
p u rp o se s ; b u t th e re was a ti m e wh e n th e y w e re n o t o n ly
t rade s ign s b ut w e re al so hi e ro glyphic s u n de r which t he
, ,
.

p earl o f g re at p ric e w as re ve re d .

T he e xt rao rdi n ary t e n acity with which t he Vau d o i s or

Albigeo i s m ai n tai n e d the ir traditi o n s will to so m e e xt en t
acc o u n t fo r t he a pp ariti o n o f th e ir m y s tic t e n e t s in t he

fo rm of p ap e r-m ark s an d it is p o ssibl e t o t rac e fai n tly t he

,

co u rse o f thi s t raditi o n li n k by li n k .

T he p ap e r m ill s o f E u ro p e h ave in t he mai n al ways b e e n

-
, ,

s it u at e d in h e re tical di s trict s— in H o llan d fo r i n s t an c e which , ,

“ ”
Bayl e de scrib e d as a gre at ark o f h e re sy an d Lamarti n e ,
4 TH E LO ST LAN GUAGE OF SYMB OL ISM
as t he wo rksh o p o f i n n o vat o rs an d t he asyl u m an d t he
"
a rse n al o f n e w id eas .

Bu t t he t e ch n ic al t e rm s o f p ap e r-m aki n g — su ch as
a c o rru pti o n o f t he F re n ch
“
re t re e re ti ré im ply t hat
”

p ap e r m aki n g w as p ri m arily a French art an d as is w e ll

-
, ,

k n o w n t he i n tro d u cti o n o f p ap e r m aki n g i n to E n glan d

,
‘
-

was du e t o French re fuge e s Wh e re ver th e se su ffere rs

.

l an de d th e y acte d as m i ssio n ari e s o f skill e d la bo ur a n d ,

t he re c o rd s o f t he Pat e n t O ffic e s h o w cl early t he a ctivity o f

t he e xil e s no t o n ly in m an u fact ur e b u t als o in i n v e n ti o n
, , .

N ume ro u s pate n ts were take n o u t by th e m fo r pape r-m aki n g ,

p ri n ti n g spi n n i n g weavi n g an d o th e r art s In 1686 th e re

, , , .

is r e fe re n c e t o a pa te n t gran t e d fo r maki n g writi n g an d

“
p ri n ti n g pap e r t he pat e n te e s h avi n g late ly b ro u ght o u t o f
-
,

F ran c e e xc e ll e nt wo rk me n an d alre ady se t u p seve ral n ew

,

i n ve n te d m ill s an d e n gi n e s fo r m aki n g th ereo f n o t h ere to ,

”
fo re u se d in E n glan d .

At t he p re se n t day t he p ap e r m ake rs o f Sco tlan d e nj o y -

a d e s e rv e d pre -e m i n e n c e a n d it is i n t e re s ti n g t o fin d th at
,

th e ir i n du st ry like wi se o w e s al so it s i n tro d ucti o n to t he

”
“ “
sam e s o u rc e At Glasgo w say s S m il e s o n e o f t he
.
, ,

re fu ge e s s u cc e e d e d in e s t abli s hi n g a pape r m ill t h e fi rs t in ~

,

th at part o f Sc o tlan d The H ug u e n o t w h o e re ct e d it

.

e sc ap e d fro m F ra n c e acc o m p an i e d o n ly by his littl e dau g ht e r

, .

Fo r so m e ti m e afte r his arrival in Gl asgo w he m a i n tai n e d ,

hi m se lf by picki n g u p rags in t he s t re e ts Bu t by di n t o f .
,

th rift an d dilige n c e he e ve n t u ally co n trive d to acc u m ulate

,

m ea n s s u fi
f ci e n t t o e n abl e h im t o s t a rt hi s p a p e r-m ill a n d
,

th u s t o lay t he fo u n dati o n o f an i m p o rtan t bran ch o f

1 ”
Sc o tti s h i n du st ry .

The p re se n t make rs o f t he p ap e r u se d fo r t he B a n k o f
E n glan d s n o te s a re de sc e n dan t s o f t he D e Po rtal fam ily o f
’

P ro ve nc e m an y o f w ho se m e mbe rs are rec o rde d as am o n gst

,

Th e H g 1 t p 338 u ue n o s , . .
 I NTR OD UCTI ON 5

t he m o st ctive o f the le ade rs o f t he Al bige o is

a Afte r t he .

R e vo c ati o no f t he Edict o f Nan t e s t he fo u n d er o f t he pre se n t ,

b usi n e ss fle d to E n gl an d wh e re he di e d in In ,

his will whic h is writt e n in F re n ch he say s

,
“
In t he fi rst ,

plac e I than k m y G o d witho u t c e asi n g fo r h avi n g pu t it in

, ,

m y h e art t o e sc ap e fro m p e rse c u ti o n a n d fo r h avi n g bl e sse d

‘ ,

m y p roj e ct in my o w n p e rso n an d in th at o f m y child re n .

I re gard m y E ngli s h re f u ge as t he b e s t h e ritage which I

”
c an b e q u e ath t o th e m
2
.

The h eadq u arte rs o f t he H u g u e n o t s w e re A u ve rgn e ,

A n go u mo i s an d t he S o u th e rn P ro vi n c e s o f F ra n ce wh e re
’

, , ,

in An go u m o i s alo n e acc o rdi n g t o S m i le s th e y o wn e d six, ,

h u n dre d pap e r m ill s -

.
3

The Re voc ati o n o f t he Edict o f Nan t e s o st e n s ibly wip e d

t he H u g u e n o t s— wh o m Po p e Cl e m e n t X I id e n tifi e d with .

t he e xe c rabl e rac e o f t he an ci e n t Al bige n se s — c o m pl e t e ly

“

o u t o f F ra n c e ; e t it is ch a ract e ris t ic o f t he s pi rit o f t he

y
S o u th e r n P ro vi n c es th at o n e h u n dre d years aft e r th at dis
a st ro u s e ve n t it w as t he p ro g re ss t o P ari s o f a b att ali o n o f

Marse illai s marchi n g as th ey believe d to su ppo rt the to tte r

,

ing s ta t ue o f L ib e rty th at t u rne d t he scal e o f t he F re n ch ,

‘
Re vo l u ti o n .

T he hi st o ri an o f p ap e r-maki n g at A rch e s 1n t he S o u th o f ,

F ran c e S ate s th at se c re t o rgan i sati o n s dati n g fro m im

,
t
,

m e m o ri a an tiq u ity e xi s te d am o n g t he pape r m aki ng w o rk

' s
-
,

me n a n d th a t th e se
,
“
so l idly o rgan i se d as so ci ati o n s of

c o m rad e s hip e n d u re d fo r lo n g aft e r the Re vo l u ti o n .

“ “
O n e is st ru ck say s he by t he ge n e ral spi rit o f in su b
,
”

ordi n ati o n which fro m al l ti m e u n d e r t he an ci e n t re gi m e

Lib y A
ra r i ti R d iv p I29
ss oc a on eco r , . . .

2
Mid p 29 , . 1 .

3
Th H g e t p 58
u uen o s , . I .

Th i g phi p
e re e tm
s a t f th i
ra pi d i Th R d f th Midi
c re s n en o s e so e n e e so e ,

b y Fél ix G S l S t S i ti
ra s . d th F
e e a so h R l ti ecre U oc e es a n e ren c ev o u on , na
Bi h
rc .

V OL . I.
6 THE LO ST LAN G U A G E O F SYMB O L ISM
an i mate d t he pape r m aki n g wo rk me n Co llabo rati ng in t he
- .

p ro pagati o n o f w ritt e n t ho ug ht which du ri n g t he e ighte e n th , ,

c e n tu ry w as t he m ai n de st ructive age n t o f t he e xi sti n g state

,

o f af fairs u n til th e n re sp e ct e d it wo u ld app e ar th at the ,

pap e r-m aki n g wo rk m e n had a fo re k n o wle dge o f t he so ci al

u ph e aval s th at we re ab o u t t o ta k e pl ac e an d o f which th e y ,

we re t he Ob sc u re a u xiliarie s H eck e t ho rn d e vo te s a
1 ”
.

ch apter o f his Secret Societies t o th e se g u ilds o r c o rpo rati o n s ,

which e xi ste d n o t o nly amo n g t he p ap e r make rs b u t al so -

,

a m o n g o th e r F re n ch arti sa n s a n d o u rn e m e n Fr e e maso n ry
j y .

w as e a rly m ixe d u p with thi s comp agnonnage a n d t he vari o u s ,

se cti o n s o f it w e re k n o w n by titl e s s u ch as t he
“
S o n s of
"
S o lo m o n t he C o m pan i o n s o f t he F o xe s t he Fo xe s o f
, ,
”

” ”
Libe rty t he I n de pe n de n ts
, a n d so fo rth ,
2
.

T he pr e li m i n ary ch apte rs o f t he p re se n t b o o k— which I

h ave c ut t o th e i r lo w e s t li m it s—will, I am afraid read ,

so m e wh a t w e a rily b u t in Ch apt e r V I I I t he read e r wi ll b e

,
.

i n tro d u c e d to so m e o f t he hith e rt o u n app re ci at e d b eau ti e s

u n d e rlyi n g fai ry tal e s a n d in t he l ate r ch apt e rs w e shal l
-
,

reach a g ro u p o f fact s th at m u s t I t h i n k u n d o u bt e dly h av e , ,

fo rm e d part o f t he G n o si s o r se c re t Wi sd o m o f t he A nci e n t s .

It is c o m mo n k n o wl e dge that d u ri n g t he e arly c e n tu ri e s o f

Chri sti an ity th e re e xi st e d c e rt ai n G n o s tic s w ho clai me d
“ ”

s u p e rn at u ral wi sd o m a n d a n ability t o re s t o re t o m a n ki n d

t he l o s t k n o wl e dg e o f t he t ru e a n d s u pre m e G o d
3 ”
.

T he G n o stic u n lik e t he m o d e rn agnostic o r avo w e d non

,

k n o we r clai me d t o b e gnostihos o r go o d at k n o wi n g an d
,
“
,

t f pp é d l q i d t t t mp
’ ’
p it gé
’
1
O n es ra l di b d i ti
e es r n e ra ns u or na on u , e ou e s,

so us l i egim
’
a nc e n r i mé l v i p p ti
e , a an C ll b t a l p e s o u r e rs a e e rs . o a o ra n a ro

p g ti
a a d l p
on é é i t q ui p d t l xviii i e l é té l g d g t
e a en s e cr e, , en an e
"
s c e, a e
'

ra n a en

d l et t d j q la p té il mb l q l vi
’
d t t
e s ruc e ur he a e c o ses , us ue - re s ec , se e ue e s o u r e rs

p p ti
a e vi t
e rs i
a a en d b l v m t
c o n s c e n ce i x q i ll i t es ou e e rse en s so c a u , u a a en

v i t d t il ét i t l b
s ur e n r e on s xili i — H O f y Hi t i
a en es o sc urs au a re s.
”
. n ro , s o re

des Pp t i
a i l C
e e r es ( d A h t d A h tt
a p 35 P ri 9 4
ut/e
’
rc es e
’
rc e es, . . a s, 1 0 .

2
V l i pp 317 2 4
o . . .
- .

3
M h i m E c l Hi t p t ii h v
os e ,
c es. s , ar . c . .
 I N TR OD UCTI ON
to be t he de p o sitary o f G nosis,
te rm de fi n e d by mo d ern a

dicti o n ari e s as m ean i n g p hilo so phic i ns ight

“ “
il lu m i n a ,
”

ti o n,
”
“
i n t u iti o n a n d a high e r k n o wle dge o f s pi rit ual
“
,
”

thi n gs .

T he chi e f f u n cti o n o f G no stici sm was m o ra l salvati o n ,

b ut it al so cl a i m e d t o ge t b e hi n d t he l e tte r o f t he w ritt e n
wo rd a n d to di sco ve r t he ide a l val u e o f all re ligio us
,

hi st o ri e s m yth s m y st e ri e s an d o rdi n an c e s Myth o l o gi e s

, , ,
.

we re h e ld to b e p o p ular p re se n t me n t s o f re l igi o u s ideas

o rigi n all y re v eal e d a n d Ch ri s ti a n ity w a s b e li e ve d t o b e th e
"

full re ve l ati o n o f t he de e p e r t ruth e mb e dd e d mo re o r l e ss

in e v e ry re ligi o n T he faith o f Ch ri s ti an ity w as i n de e d
.

t re ate d as if it had littl e o r n o c o n n e cti o n with hi sto ric fact ,

a n d al mo s t as th o ugh it w e re an id e al sy s t e m e v o l v e d fro m

t he b ra i n o f a phil o so ph e r .

The G n o s t ic cl ai m e d t o b e n o t o n ly t he phil o so phical

Ch ri sti an w ho e vo lv e d tru th o ut o f th o ught b u t al so to b e ,

t he d e p o s it ary o f a s e c re t t ra diti o n u p o n which his sy s t e m ,

was p ri m arily c o n s t ru ct e d .

P ri o r t o abo u t t he m iddl e o f t he se c o n d ce n t u ry t he
G n o stic s we re n o t c o n sid e re d h e re tical b u t t he su b se q u e n t
l
,

hi s to ry o f Eccl e si astici sm u n h appily re so lve s l arge ly i n t o

a re c o rd o f t he gh as t l y an d p ro t ract e d s t r uggl e be twe e n
t he s pi rit u ality o f G no stici s m a n d t he lit e rali s m o f o flic ial

Ch ri sti an ity It was a c o n te st in which G n o s tici sm in its

.

vari e d ph ase s w as n o m i n ally e xti n g u i sh e d a n d Ecc le siast ici sm

was o st e n s ibly t ri u m pha n t .

By t he e n d o f t he s ixt h c e n t u ry G n o stici s m di sapp ears

fro m hi sto ry be i n g su pp o se dly c ru sh e d o u t o f e xi ste n c e ;
,

s ee m i n gly h o we ve r it si m ply dive d u n de rg ro u n d an d

, ,

c o n ti n u e d t o fl o u ri sh sub ros i c .

It is in t he an ci e n t c e m e t e ri e s o f P ro ve n c e t hat o n e
s till fi n ds t he g re at e st n u m b e r o f G n o s tic m e dalli o n s .

M d (G Rea F g m t f F ith F g tt
. . ra p 48
en s o a a or o en , . 1 .
8 THE LO ST LAN GUAG E O F SYMB OL ISM
G n o stici sm , says Ki n g e arly to o k ro o t an d flourished in
,

Southern G a ul, as t he t reati se o f I re n aeu s di re ct e d agai n s t

it atte st s .

In 1 13 5—12 0 4. mat e ri al i stic

rati o n ali s m att ai n e d p ro bably
it s cli m ax in t he sy ste m o f MA IMO NIDEs w ho re c o g n i se d ,

o n ly t he p ri m a ry o r lit e ral se n s e o f t he Sc ript u re s an d ,

di sm i sse d as a fa n tastic d re am all exist tn g alle go rical i n te r

p re t at io n s M r B e rn ard P ick s tat e s
.
“
A re acti o n c am e

an d t he K ab ala s t e pp e d in as a c o u n t e rp o i s e t o t he g ro wi n g
I

s h all o w n e s s o f t he Maim u n ist s philo sphy The sto rm ’

.

agai n s t h is sy st e m brahe out in Prov ence a n d sp re ad o ve r

Spai n .

The e xt e n d e d H an d m ark e d Fo r (se e fig t he .

sy mb o l o f Fid e lity o r fai t h m ai n tai n e d is a s ixt ee n th c e n t u ry ,

-

Prov enca l p ap e r-m ark, an d it is l o gic al to su rm i se tha t t he

Fa ith th e re m ai n tai n e d was t he t raditi o nal faith o f th at l o n g
’
s u fie rrn bl o o d so dd e n di st rict an d th at t he m ark s
- u t i n to
g , p ,

p ap e r we re a co n ti n u an c e o f t he t raditi o n al Gn o stic sy s te m
o f i n t e rc o mm u n ic a ti o n
“
“
Th e i r ide as say s Ki n g we re .
,
”

c o m m u n icate d t o th o se i n iti ate d by c o m p o site figu res an d

Sigl t e h avi n g a vo ic e to t he wi se b u t which t he vulgar
’
,
”
h e are th n o t .

M an y o f th e se G n o stic sy mb o l s fig ure at t he p re se n t day

am o n g t he i n sig n i a o f F re e m aso n ry a n d it is p ro babl e th at ,

Fr ee maso n ry is t he last de p o sitary o f traditi o n s that we re

1 i
L k e its fore run n e r th e G no s i s, th e K l
ab a a o f th e Mi ddle A g e s w a s t he
s e cre t Sc ie nc e of W i s do m , an d its a dh e re n t s li
d e gh t e d in term n g th e m s e e s i lv
“
i tellig t d
n en i ”
an i “
c o n n o s se u rs o f se c re t w s do m — Th e Ca ha l a , B e rna rd
”
.

Pi kc Th . Op C t e 9 p 4 6 Th K b l
en i d REUCHLIN
o ur , 1 10 , . 1 .
“
e a a a,
”
sa ,

i th i g
s no l th ymb li th l gy i wh i h t ly lett
n e se an s d o c eo o , n c no on a re e rs a n

ym b l f th i g b t th i g ym b l th i g Th i
”
w d or s s o s o f th n s, u n s a re s o s o o er n s. s

K b l i t i m th d f i t p t t i
a a s c w
e h ld t h v b
o o ig i lly m
n er re a on as e o a e e en or na co

m i t d b y v l ti
un c a e i d th t p re f h ly li f m i ght b y it tt i
e a on, n or er a e rs o n s o o e a a n

to a my t i l mm u i
s w i th G d
ca d ifi t i
co —I g (W n on Ch i ti o , or e ca on . n e . r s an

My ti i m p 69
s c s , . 2 .

9 9 p 48
2
Th Op C et en our ,
1 0 , . 1 .
 I NTR OD UCTI ON 9

ta ke n o ve r by th e m fro m t he se c re t so ci e ti e s of t he Middl e
Age s The co u rse o f th e se t raditi o n s was n o t i mp ro b ably
.

by w ay of t he Te m plars an d t he Ro sic ru ci an s De Q u i n c e y
.

mai n t ai n e d t h a t t he la tte r wh e n d riv e n o u t o f G e rm an y by

p e rse c u ti o n reapp eare d in E n gl an d as Fre e m aso n s an d ,

Eli as Ash mo l e re cord e d it in his Di ary th at t he sym bo ls

a n d s ig n s o f F re e m aso n ry w e re b o rro w e d p artly f ro m t he

K n ight Te m plars an d partly fro m t he R o sicr u ci an s It is

- .

clai me d fo r F re e m aso n ry th at it is a b e au tif ul syste m o f

mo rality v e il e d in al l e go ry an d ill ust rate d by sym b o l s an d , ,

acc o rdi n g t o D r O live r ,

T he n o ble an d s ubli m e se cre t s o f
which we ( Fre e m aso n s) are p o s se s se d are c o n tai n e d in o u r
traditi o n s re p re se n te d by hi e ro glyphic fig ure s an d i n ti m ate d
,

by o ur sym bo l ic c u st o m s an d c ere mo n i es .
”
“
Agai n says ,
”

Dr O live r w e h ave de clare d o ve r a n d ove r aga i n th a t t he

,

g reat sec re t o f Ch ri stian F ree maso n ry is t he practic e o f

m o rali ty a n d vi rt ue h ere as a p re p arati o n fo r h appi n e ss in
”
a n o th e r w o rld .

Wh ate ve r m ay h ave be e n it s o rigi n an d p urp o se F ree ,

maso n ry s p read rapidly o ve r E u ro p e n o twith stan di n g t he

,

bitte r o pp o siti o n o f t he Ch urch o f Ro m e In 17 3 8 at t he

.
,

i n stigatio n o f t he I n q u i siti o n te rribl e anath e mas we re fulm i

,

n at e d agai n s t it all F re e maso n s w e re e xc o m m u n ic ate d a n d

,

t he p e n alty of d eath w as d e cr ee d aga i n st th e m .

M any o f t he trade mark s ill u st rated iii t he fo ll o wi n g page s

-

are o bvio usl y M aso n ic e m bl e m s wh e n c e it m ay b e i n fe rre d

,

that am o n g t he i n iti ate s o f Fre e maso n ry w e re n u m e ro u s

wo rki n g an d wayfari n g m e n The ram ificati o n s o f t he
.

me di ae val se c re t so ci e ti e s u p o n which Fre e maso nry was

b u ilt t he amaz i n g vit ality o f t raditi o n adde d to t he
,

di sse mi n ati n g p o we rs o f i ti n e ran t ap o stle s an d wan d e ri n g

m i n str e l s all n o do u bt se rve d t o k ee p alive t he sm o u lde ri n g
,

e m b e r s o f wh a t at o n e ti me m u st h ave b e e n a b rilli an t an d

highly deve lo p e d phi lo so phy .

IO THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
T he a im i n te n ti o n o f t he fa m o u s p ri n t e r wh o se ma rk
an d
is re p ro d u c e d h e re w ith w as e vid e n t ly t o c arry o n t he
t raditi o n al G rea t Wi sd o m wh o se e m bl e m t he se rp e n t , , ,

s u rro u n d s a p ai r o f s t o rk s .

Th e se bi rd s sy m b o li se d fili al pi e ty by reaso n o f t he
care an d so licit u d e which t h e y we re s uppo se d t o e xe rci se
t o ward s age d sto rks a n d filial pi e ty as de fin e d by
,

Co n fu ci u s— a n e xpe rt o n th a t s u bj e ct— m e a n s carryi n g o n

” 1
t he a i m s o f o u r fo re fath e rs .

Bu t afte r m aki n g all re aso n abl e all o wan c e fo r t he fo rc e

o f t raditi o n it is still e xc e e di n gly di ffic u lt t o acc o u n t fo r
,

t he re c o n dit e k n o wl e dge u n q u e sti o n ably p o s se sse d by t he

m y s tic s O f t he Dark Age s It will b e e vide n t th a t n o t o n ly

.

t he m e an i n g s o f Egypti an s y m b o l s s uch as t he sc a rab t he , ,

sail an d t he b u ckl e w e re p e rfe ctly u n d e rst o o d b u t al s o th at

, , ,

G ile ( H
1
s R lig i n of A i t Chi
. e op 3 It i t i mp b b l
s n c en na , . 2 . s no ro a e

th t t h i
a s ti nofd i g
on o f th h v d
o n i th
as o ur xpl t i a f e rs a e one s e e a na on o

yl t k w h b i g th b b i
'

the n u rs e r t h t it i t h
o re a s e s or s o r n e a es .
 I NTROD UCTI ON

t he i n ti m ate re lati o n be twe e n sym bo li sm an d w o rd o rigi n s

was c o rre ctly app re ci at e d .

Alth o ugh e t ym o lo gist s a re agre e d th at l an gu age is fo ssi l

po e try an d th at t he c re at i o n o f e ve ry wo rd w as o rigi nally a
p o e m e m bo dyi n g a b o l d m e t aph o r o r a b right c o nc e pti o n ,

it is q u ite u n re ali se d ho w cl o se an d i n ti mate a re lati o n

e xi st s b e tw e e n sy m b o li s m a n d phil o l o gy Bu t as Re n o u f .
,

p o i n ts o u t It is n o t i m p ro b abl e th at t he cat in Egypti an

“
, ,

Ma u be cam e t he sym b o l o f t he Su n G o d o r Day be c au se

,
-
,

t he w o rd Ma u al so m e an s light
" 1
R e n o u f like wi se n o t e s
.

th at n o t o n ly w as RA t he n am e o f t he Su n G o d b u t that -
,

it was al so t he u su al Egyptia n wo rd fo r Sun Si m ilarly t he .

Go o se o n e o f t he sym b o ls o f S EB was c all e d a Sch ; t he

, ,

Cro co dile o n e o f t he sym bo l s o f S EB EK w as calle d a Seheh

, ,

t he Ibi s o n e o f t he sy m b o l s o f T EC H U w as c all e d a Techu

, ,

an d t hé J ack al o n e o f t he sy m b o l s o f AN P U AN
, ( UB IS
) w as ,

calle d an Anp u .

Paralle ls t o thi s Egyptian c u s to m are al so t rac eabl e in

E u ro pe wh e re am o n g t he Gre e k s t he wo rd Psyche se rve d
, , ,

n o t o n ly t o d e n o t e t he S o u l b u t al so t he B u tt e rfly a sy m b o l ,

o f t he S o u l an d t he w o rd Mylitta se rve d b o th as t he n a me
o f a Go dd e ss a n d o f he r sy m b o l t he Be e A m o n g t he .

an ci e n t Sc an di n avi a n s t he B u ll o n e o f t he sy m bo l s o f T H O R
, ,

was n am e d a Thor thi s b e i n g an e xa m pl e , acc o rdi n g t o ,

D r Al e xan d e r Wilde r o f t he nnm so c o m m o n in th o se

i

u
p g ,

ti m e s o fte n maki n g us u n c e rtai n wh e th e r t he accide n t o f

,

si milar n am e o r so u n d le d t o a d o pti o n as a sy m b o l o r was

me re ly a bl u n de r
” 2
.

I w as u n aware that th e re w as an y an ci e n t warran t fo r

wh at I su pp o se d t o b e t he n o ve l su ppo siti o n that in man y
1
0n the Orig in a n d G ro w th of Relig ion as Ill ustra te d by the Relig io n of
A ncien t Egyp t, 2 37 p
Hibbert Lectu res,
. 87 9 p . .

9
Sy mbolica l La ng uag e of A n cien t A rt a n d My thology , R Pa yne - n gh t, . K i
p . 12 4.
12 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OLI SM
i n stan c es t he n am e s of o n c e sac re d a n i mal s c o n tai n withi n
-

th e m se lve s t he k e y to wh at w as o rigi nally sym bo li se d .

The id ea th at ide n titi e s o f nam e w e re p ri m arily du e to

p u n n i n g t o bl u n de r o r t o accide n t m u st b e di sp e lle d wh e n
, , ,

w e fin d th at— as in m o st o f th e e xam pl e s n o te d by m yse lf

— t he sym b o lic val u e o f t he an i m al is n o t e xp re sse d by a
h o mo nym o r pu n b u t in m o n o syllabl e s th at appare n tly are
,

t he de b ri s o f so m e m arv e l l o u sly an ci e n t p re hi st o ric al m o s t , ,

e xti n ct p ar e n t to ngu e M o de rn lan guage is a m o saic in

.

which lie e m b e dde d t he chip s an d fo ssil s o f p re de ce sso rs in

co m pari so n with wh o se vast an tiq u ity S an sc rit is b u t a
sp e e ch o f y e s te rday In it s gl aci e r lik e p ro gre ss La n gu age
.
-
,

m u s t hav e b ro ught d o w n al o n g t he age s t he d e t rit u s o f

to n g ues tha t w e re sp o ke n p o ssibly m illi o n s o f years be fo re
t he art o f re c o rdi n g by w riti n g w a s di sc o v e re d b u t which , ,

n o twith s t a n di n g we re i n de libly i n sc ribe d an d faithfu lly

,

pre se rve d in t he fo rm o f m o u n t ai n rive r an d c o u n try , ,

n am e s . E m pi res m ay di sapp e ar an d nati o n s b e su n k i n to

o blivi o n u n d e r s u cc e ss iv e wav e s o f i n vas i o n b u t pl ac e
'

n am es a n d p ro p e r nam e s p re se rv e d t raditi o n ally by w o rd

,

o f m o u th re m a i n t o so m e e xt e n t i n vi o l at e ; a n d it is
,
I ,

a m c o n vi n c e d in thi s di re cti o n th at o n e m u st l oo k fo r
,

t he hyp o th e tic al m o th e r-t o n g u e o f t he hyp o th e tic al p e o p l e ,

”
k no wn n o wadays as Aryan s .

The p ri m al ro ot s which s ee m t o b e t rac eabl e in di re ctio n s

far wid e r th an an y ye t rec o n n o itre d are t he S e m itic EL ,

m e an i n g G o d an d P o w e r t he S e m itic U R m e an i n g Fi re o r ,
“
Light ; t he S e m itic JA H YA H o r IA H me an i n g Th o u art
, , ,

o r t he Eve r e xi st e n t ; t he S a n sc rit D 1 m ea n i n g B rilli an t ; an d

-
,

t he Hi n do o O M o r A U M m ean i n g t he Su n ,
It is al so .

e vid e n t th a t PA an d MA m e an i n g a P are n t w e re o n c e wide l y

, ,

e xt e n s ive an d in a dditi o n t o t h e f o re g o i n g I h av e I b e li e v e
, , ,

by t he com parative m e th o d r eco ve re d fro m an tiqu i ty the

,

ro o t a h app ar e n tly o n c e m e an i n g rea t o r mi hty

, g g .
 I NTR OD U CTI ON
The yll abl e A K fi rst cam e u n de r my att e n tio n in c o n
s

n e c t io n with H A C K PEN H ill at Av e b u ry in Wilt s hi re On .

a sp u r o f thi s hill sto o d t he r u i n e d re m ai n s o f t he H ead o f

t he col o s sal R o ck— te m pl e th at o n c e s t re tch e d in t he fo rm o f

a se rp e n t o v e r th re e m il e s o f c o u n t ry A s Pen n o t o ri o u sly .

m ean t Hea d it o cc u rre d to m e that H A C KPEN m ight o rigi n ally

,
”
h ave b e e n e qu ival e n t t o Great H e ad a su ppos itio n that ,

de riv e d so m e su pp o rt fro m t he n ame s C A RN A C in B rittan y

an d K A R N A K in Egypt At b o th th e se sp o ts as at AV EBU RY
.
, ,

are t he r u i n s o f p ro digi o u s t e m p l e s; an d t he u s u al r u l e t h at
,

te m p le sit e s we r e pri m arily b u rial s ite s se em e d easily an d

l e giti mate ly t o reso lve t he tw o KA R NA c s i n to KA R N A K t he '

gr eat CA R A/ O I h eap o f s to n es c o ve ri n g a grave O ne o f t he

“
.

great es t sto n es at CA R N A C in B rittan y is k n own as M EN A K ,

an d o n e o f t he L o n g ship R o ck s lyi n g o ff La n d s En d is
’

n am e d M EN AK A s men w as C e ltic fo r stone t he n am e

.
,

M EN A K in both th e se i n st an c e s se e m i n gly m ean t Grea t Stone .

Th e re is al so at CA R NA c a gigan tic t u m u l us nam e d TH U MIA C ,

s e e mi n g l y a c o mbi n ati o n o f t um t he C e l tic fo r hilloch an d a c , , ,

great T he irre si stibl e chi l dre n o f AN A K a re m e n ti o n e d in

.

”
D e u te ro no my as great an d tall an d th e y we re acco u n t e d
1
,

gi an ts CA ST O R an d Po LLux wh o se app ellati o n in c e rtai n

.
”

plac e s w as Grea t G ods w e r e in G re e c e de n o m i nate d AN A K ES

, .

A na h w as t he Ph oe n ici a n t e rm fo r a P ri n c e an d a na x is ,
“
O n e o f t he San sc rit word s fo r
”
t he Gr e e k fo r pri n c e .

Ki ng is ga na ha an d w e find a h o cc urri n g p ersi ste n tl y and

,

al m o s t u n ive rsal l y in divi n e an d ki n gl y titl es as fo r examp l e , , ,

“
in A K B A R s ti ll m ean i n g ,
t he G re at in CO R MA C t he2

Magn ifice n t— the High Ki n g o f I relan d in B A LA K ,

Ki n g o f M o ab ; in S HIS HA K who de po se d R e h o boam ; in ,

xi . to ; ix . 2.
2
Th is name is su o se d t o me an pp
so n o f a c ha r o t ,i ”
i
w h c h is v e ry
un c o n vi i nc ng . v
I h a e n o t th o ught it n e c e s s ary e v e ryw he re to c o n tras t

c urre n t pi io i
n o n s w th my o wn sugg e st o n s i .
 14 TH E LO ST LA N GUAGE OF SYMB O LI SM
Z TA K, t he Ch aldean gr e at m e sse n ge r in O DA KO N a fo rm ,

of t he B abylo n i s h DA G ON a n d in H A K ON t he n ame o f t he ,

p re se n t Ki n g o f No rway H A K ON o r H A A K ON c o gnate .
,

with t he Ge rm an n am e H A c o which is de fi n e d by dictio n ari es

‘

, ,

as m e a n i n g High Kin m u s t b e all i e d to t he Greek wo rd

,
”

a rchon no w
,
m e an i n g su p re m e r u ler b ut p ri marily I , ,

T he a rch o f a rchon su rvive s in o u r

”
thi n k gr eat o n e
,
“
.

E n gli sh mona rch an d a rcha ngel ; it o cc u rs in t he r o yal nam e s

A RC HEL A US A RC HIDA MUS a n d A RCA S an d m ay pro b ably b e
, , ,

e q u a t e d with t he g utt u ral a ch o f t he fab u l o u s G W R NA C H

”
the G ia nt w ho fig u re s in Arth u ri a n l e ge n d
, The Gre e k .

“
wo rd s fo r a chi e f are a rchos an d a htor an d th e se l ike
”

, ,
” “ ”
a na h a
,
“
p ri n c e an d a rchon a ru l e r m eant o n ce in
, , , ,
“
In o u r major an d mayor w e
”
all p ro b ability great o ne,
.

have p arall e l i n s tan c e s Of t itles pri maril y tra c e able t o

great a n d in t he c e n t re o f magnus th e re is re c o g n i sable
,
”

t he p ri m o rdi al A K bl u n t e d i n to A G .

T he w o rd ma ximus is ph o n e tic ally ma hsim u s T he .

n o bl e s o r g re at m e n o f P ERU w e re k n o w n as Ca ra ca s .

T he a n ci e n t n a m e fo r M EX IC O was AN A H U A C an d in t he ,

ti m e o f C o RT Ez the re w as a native traditi o n that AN A HUA C

”
w as o rigi n ally
“
i n habite d by gi an ts The Gi an t S e rp e n t .

o f S o u th Am eric a is k no w n as t he a na conda an d t he ,

t o p m o st p e ak o f t he A n des is nam e d AC ON CA G UA In .

P ERU acco rdi n g to P re sc o tt t he wo rd cap a c m e an t grea t

,
“
,

l a n d t he S u p re m e B e i ng he C rea to r o f t he
o r p ow er fi c ,
t ,

U n ive rse w as ado re d u n der t he nam e PA C HA C HA MA C

, .

The t rip l e a c o cc u rri n g in thi s wo rd s u gge s ts th at it was

e q u ival e n t t o T ri sm e gi st u s o r Th ric e Great O n e o f t he .

a pp e ll ati o n s o f J U NO w as A C R EA i e t he G reat R H EA t he , . .
,

M ag n a M ate r o f t he Go d s The Assyrian J U P IT ER was

’

e n titl e d MER O DA C II an d t he radic al a c is t he e arli e s t form

,

o f o u r E n gli s h oa h s ac re d t o J U P IT ER an d o n c e w o rs hipp e d
’

, ,

as t he g reat e s t an d t he st ro ng e s t o f t he t rees T he East .

 I N TROD UCTI ON 15

I n dia n ja h f ru it is M u rray s New English

de sc ribe d in D r
’

“ ”
D ictiona ry as “
e n o rm o u s an d m o n s t ro u s The gi a n t .

o x t he l arg e s t a n i mal o f Tib e t is n a m e d a ya h

,
t he e arli e st
,

fo rm o f B A C C HUS w ho w as sy m b o li se d by an o x w as IA KC H O S
, , ,

an d w e aga i n m e e t with A K in t he h e ro n am e s H E RA K L ES -

an d A C H ILL ES .At A C H ILL H e ad in I R ELA N D a gia n t hill ,

u pwa rd s o f tw o th o u san d fe e t high p re se n t s t o t he sea ,

a s h e e r p re cipic e fro m it s p e a k t o it s b a se ; a n d t he m o s t

i m p re ss ive if n o t act u ally t he l o fti e st o f t he c lifls aro u n d

'

, ,

La n d s En d is still k n o w n lo cally as PO R D ENA C K

’
, In .

Z odia c t he G reat Z o ne o f D I t he B rilli an t L ight a n d in

, , ,

o th e r i n s ta n c e s n o t e d h e re aft e r w e a ga i n m ee t s e e m i n gly
,

with t he p re hi sto ric A K u se d in t he se n se I h ave s u gge s te d .

Th e se an d ki n d re d i n fe re n c e s may b e du e to fan tasy o r

c o i n cide n c e b u t t he validity o f so m e o f m y philo l o gic al
,
”

c o n cl u s i o n s is s t re n gth e n e d if n o t ve rifie d by t he fact th a t

, ,

th e y we re fo rm u late d al mo s t agai n s t my c o m mo n-se n se an d

be fo re I had an y co n c e pti o n that th e re was an ci e n t warrant
fo r th e m . It is said tha t t he D e vil o n c e t ri e d to fath o m
t he B asq u e l a n g u age an d a t t he e n d o f six m o n th s had
,

s u cc e s sf u l l y m as te re d o n e w o rd : thi s w as w ritt e n N EBU

C HA DNEZ Z A R a n d p ro n o u n c e d so m e thi n g lik e S EN N A C H ER IB .

I am o f c o u rse fully aware ho w dan ge ro u s a g ro u n d I am

, ,

t re adi n g an d ho w o pe n m an y o f m y p o siti o n s a re to a ttack

e t it has se e m e d to m e b e tt e r t o ru n so m e ri s k o f ridic u l e
y
rath e r th an b o ve r c au ti o n -t o ig no re a n d s u pp re s s cl u e s
y
which u n de r m o re acc o m pli s he d h an d s m ay yi e ld di sc o v e ri e s
, ,

o f high an d wid e i n te re st an d e v e n b ri n g i n to f re s h fo c u s
,

t he sci e n c e o f A n th ro p o l o gy .

T he si n g u l arity t he n o ve lty an d t he al m o s t i m p re g n a bl e
, ,

s t re n gth o f m p o s iti o n li e s in t he fa ct th a t e v e ry id ea whi c h

y
! v e n t u re t o pro po u n d e v e n su ch ki n d e rgart e n n o ti o n s as
,
i o

t he sy m b o li s m o f ra k e s s n a il s c u c u m b e rs an d sa u sag e s is
, , , ,

base d u p o n m at e ri al e vide n c e th at s u ch w e re u n q ue s ti o n ably

16 T H E LO ST LA NG UAGE O F SYMB OL IS M
on ec p re vale n t The p ri n te rs e m bl e m s are re p ro du c e d in
.
’

fac s i m ile fro m bo o k s m o stly in m y p o sse ss i o n The o u tli n e

.

drawi n gs are h al f-siz e re p ro du cti o n s o f wate r-m ark s so m e

,

fro m my o w n c o l le cti o n b u t m ai n ly fro m M o n s B riq u e t s

, .
’

mo n u me ntal Les Filigra nes Dictionna ire historique des Ma rques

da Pap ier dis !cur app a rition o ers 12 82 jusqu en I6O O a r m 39
’
—

a csimiles de fili ra nes

figures da ns le texte et 12
f g (4 v o l s
.
,

fo li o B e r nard Q u aritc h
, ,
 C H APTER II

THE PARAB LE O F THE P I L G RI M

G iv e ll p h ll f q i t
me my sc a o s e o u e ,

My t ff f f i th t w lk p
s a o a o a u o n,

My ip f j y im m t l di t
scr o o , or a e ,

My b ttl f lv t i
o e o sa a on,

My g w f g l y h p t
o n o g g or , o e s
’
rue a e

A d th
n Ill t k my pilg im g
us
’
a e r a e.

S IR W A LTER L
R A EIG H .

THE noti o n th at L ife is a pi lg ri mage an d Eve ryman

a pilg ri m is c o mmo n to mo s t p eo pl e s an d c l i me s an d ,

All e go ri e s o n thi s su bj e ct are w e ll n igh u n ive rsal In 163 1 - .

o n e o f th e m w as w ritt e n in BO H EMIA u n d e r t he titl e o f The

La byrinth f
o the World a nd the Pa ra dise f
o the Hea rt . It s
au th o r was J o h n A mo s K o m e n sky ( 1592 a l ead e r o f

t he se ctari an s k n o w n a m o n g th e m s e lve s as t he U n ity o r

”
Bre thre n an d t o hi s to ry as t he B o h e m i a n B re th re n o r
,

t he M o ravi an B ro th e r s Th e se l o n g-Su ffe ri n g e n th u s i as ts

.
”

we re o bvi o u sl y a m an ife stati o n o f th at s pi rit o f m ys tici sm

which e ith e r active o r so m n o le n t is t rac e abl e fro m t he
, ,

daw n of Hi sto ry an d wil l b e fo u n d n o te d u n d e r su ch e pith e t s

,

as E sse n e s ,
Th e rap e u tic s G n o s tic s M o n tan i sts Pau lici an s
, , , ,

M an ich ee s Cath ari V au do i s Albige o i s P atari n i Lo llard s

, , , , , ,

Fri e n d s o f G o d Spi rit u als Ar n o ldi s ts F rat ric ell i A n ab apti st s

, , , , ,

Q u ake rs an d m an y o th e rs
, .

The La byrinth of the World was c o n d e m n e d as h e re tic al ,

a n d u n ti l 18 2 0 w as i n cl u d e d a m o n g t he li s t s o f d a n ge ro u s
, ,

17
 18 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
an d fo rbidd e n b o o k s CO U N T L U T z o w — to wh o m E n gli sh
.

re ad e rs a re i n d e bt e d fo r an a d m i ra bl e t ra n sla ti o n— s t at e s th a t

so c o nge n ial w as it s m ystici s m th at t he m an y B o he m i an ,

e xil e s w h o w e re d riv e n o n acco u n t o f th e i r faith f ro m th e i r

b e l o ve d c o u n try c arri e d t he La byrinth with th e m a n d th at ,

it was o ft e n practically th e ir so l e p o sse ssi o n In BO IIEMIA .

-

it se l f t he b o o k b e i n g p ro hibit e d t he fe w c o pi e s th at
, ,

e s c ap e d d e s t ru cti o n p asse d fro m h an d t o h a n d se c re tly a n d ,

w e re safely hidde n in t he c o ttages o f t he p easan t s .

1

T he au th o r o f The Pilgrim s Progress w as a p e rse c u t e d

’

B apti s t ti n k e r an d !am o n g t he path e tic re co rd s o f Co n

,

t in e n t al A n ab a pti s m will b e fo u n d t he c o n ti n u ally e xp re s se d

c o n victi o n : W e m u s t in thi s wo rld su ffe r fo r P au l has
“
,

said th a t a ll tha t w ill liv e odly in C hrist J esus must sufiZr

g
’

p e rsecution W e m u s t c o m pl e t e ly c o n q u e r t he w o rld
. s in , ,

de ath an d t he de vil n o t with m ate ri al swo rd s an d sp ears

, , ,

b u t with t he swo rd o f t he Spi rit which is t he Wo rd o f G o d , ,

an d with t he s hi e ld o f fa ith wh e re with w e m u s t q u e n ch a ll ,

s h a rp an d fi e ry d art s a n d pl ac e o n o u r h e ad s t he h e l m e t o f
,

salva ti o n with t he arm o u r o f righte o u sn e ss an d o u r fe e t

, ,

b e s h o d with t he p re p arati o n o f t he G o sp e l B e i n g th u s .

s t re n gth e n e d with th e se w e a p o n s w e s h all with I srae l et

g , , ,

th ro u gh t he wild e rn e ss o pp o se an d o ve rco m e all o u r ,

”
e n e mie s In 1550 an o th e r o b s c u re A n ab apti st u n d e r
2
.

s e n t e n c e o f d e a th fo r h e re sy e xc la i m e d : It is n o t fo r t he
“

sa k e o f p a rty o r fo r c o n spi racy th a t w e s u fie r w e se e k n o t

'

, ,

to c t t with a w d b u t th t f t h e Spi i t— th at is
o n e s n
y s o r a o r ,

t he W o rd o f G o d .

Th e se pi o u s c o n victi o n s are to b e se e n e xp re sse d in t he

Th L by i th f th 1 4/ e d th P di f t h H t di t d d
1
e a r n o e 0 an e a ra se o e ea r , e e an

E gli h d b y C
n s e t L t w ( Th T m pl Cl
o un u zo i ) p 66 e e e a ss c s ,
. 2 .

2
A Ma rty r ology of the Ch u rches of Ch ris t c o mm o n ly ca l le d B ap tists ,
l
t ra n s a te d fro m th e D ut c h b y T .
J V . an B ra ug h t , and ed i te d f or t he Ha n se rd
K lly
no s i
S o c e t y b y E B U nd e rh . . ill , vol . i p . .
37 6 . Lo n do n , 1850 .

3
Ibid .
 THE P ARABL E O F THE P I L GRI M 19

t rad e -mark e m bl e m s h e re with re p re se n ti n g ,

t he s wo rd of

t he S i rit an d t he h e l m e t o f salvati o n
p .

Al mo st e q uall y fami l i ar are t he pilgri m sym bo l s h e re

be lo w Fig 6 is t he sc o u rge o f di scipli n e fig 7 t he gi rdl e
. .
,
.

1
of righteo u sn e ss fig 8 t he staff o f faith fig 10 t he scall o p
, .
,
.

S h e ll figs 12 an d 13 t he bo ttle o f salvati o n an d fig 14 t he

, .
, . .

we ll o f salvati o n wh e re fro m with jo y s h all ye d raw wate r

,
.

Ri gh t
“
h ll b th g i dl
e o usn e ss s f hi l i
a d f i th f l
e e th g i dl
r e o s o ns an a u ne ss e r e

o f hi i — I i h xi 5
s re n s .
”
sa a . .

2
I i h xii 3
sa a . .
 THE P ARAB L E O F THE P I L GRI M 21

In The La byrinth f
o the World K o m e n s ky f u rn i sh es h is
pilgri m with c e rtai n i mple m e n t s in additi o n to t he co n
v e n t io n al e q u ip m e n t an d am o n g t h e m are t he wi n g s o f
, .

as pi ra ti o n h e re with re p re se n t ed
,
H e m a ke s Ch ri st t o say .
,

My so n I dwe ll in t wo spo t s in h e ave n in My glo ry a n d

, , ,

o n earth in t he h e art s o f t he h u m bl e A n d I d e s i re tha t .

h e n ce fo rth th o u also sh o u ld st h ave t wo dwe lli n g-pl ac e s o n e

h e re at h o me wh e re I have p ro m i se d t o b e with th e e t he
,

o th e r with Me in heave n Th at th o u m ayst rai se thyse lf

.

thith e r I give th e e th e se wi n gs (which are t he de si re o f

,

e t e rn al h appi n e s s a n d p raye r If th o u do s t w ill it th

) . ou .

s h alt be abl e t o fly u pw ard u n to Me , an d th o u s h alt h ave

de ligh t in Me an d I in th ee , .
”

! Wh e n Ko m e n sk y s h e ro starte d o n his q u e s t th ro u gh t he
’

City o f Q u e e n V an ity his gu ide False h o o d e n deavo u re d

,

t o bli n d him t o t ru e re al ity by fitti n g him with c e rta i n

fal s i fyi n g glasse s “

Th e se sp e ctacl e s as I afte rwards
.
,

u n de rs t o o d we re fashi o n e d o u t o f t he glass o f Ill u si o n

, ,

an d t he ri m s which t he y w e re s e t in w e re o f th at h o rn
which is n ame d C u s to m Th e se di storti n g glasses of
.

C o n ve n ti o n ality s h o we d eve rythi n g in sh am c o l o u rs fo u l ,

V OL . I
.
3
 22 THE LO ST LA NG U A G E O F SYMB OL I SM
as fai r, an d
black as white a n d it was o n ly wh e n t he
,

pilgri m e m e rge d fro m V an ity Fai r a n d t ur n e d to ward s

Ch ri st tha t he rid hi m se lf o f h is m i sl ea di n g e n c u mb ran c e s .

Th e n in li e u o f t he S p e ctacl e s o f C u sto m Ch ri st be sto we d

, ,

u p o n h im c e r t ai n H o ly Sp e ct acl e s o f which
“
t he o u tw ard
,

bo rd e r w as t he Wo rd o f G o d a n d t he gl ass withi n it was

,
”
t he H o l y Gh o st .

Th e se sac re d sp e ctacl e s o f which so me are ill ust rate d

,

h e re with p o sse sse d a fai ry—like fac u lty t o re ve al su rp ri si n g

,

wo n d e rs A m o n g o th e rs th e y e n able d t he pilgri m to pe r
.
,

c e iv e a n d re c o g n i se hith e rto u n se e n f e ll o w P u rit an s dwe lli n g

-

h ere an d th e re di s pe rse d an d u n su sp e cte d in t he Wo rld

, .

In e arly Ch ri s ti an an d pre Ch ri s ti an ti m es t he sym b o l

-
 THE PARAB LE O F THE P I LGRI M 23

of p ur ity wa s t h e U n ic o rn a n ,
d 1
thi tr d s k
a h a d
e -m ara n

e xt ens iv e v g
o ue M B,
r iq u e.t re gi s t e ri n g I I 33 e x a m pl e s

am o n g p p
a er m a k e -
rs a l o n e Ev .e n t o d a
y a n- a n ci e n t
ic
u n o rn which h a s e vid e n tly d r ift e d d o w n with t h e tid e
,

g
’

of ti me m
,
a
y b e s e e n in u se a s a s ig n o u t s id e a d ru gi s t s

h
s o p in A n tw e r p ; a n d a w e l l -k n o w n fi r m o f E n gli s h
i -m ar —
ch e m i s ts e m plo ys t he same e m ble m as t s t d
r a e k on ce ,

e vide n tly a mu t e cl ai m t o p u ri ty o f dr ugs In each c ase

,
.

t he s ign h avi n g o u tliv e d it s c e n t u ry has s u rv w e d as a m e re

, ,

c o n ve n ti o n a fo rm fro m which t he spi rit has ~l o n g si n c e

,

fl o w n Am o n g t he P uritan p ap e r-ma ke rs an d p ri n te rs o f t he
.

Middl e Age s t he u n ico rn se rve d o bvi o u sly as an e m ble m ,

n o t o f m a t e ri al b u t o f m o r al p u rity A s a ru l e t he an i m al is
.
,

fo u n d with o u t an y t e l l tal e i n dicati o n s o f its m ean i n g b u t t he

-
,

fe w e xam pl e s h e re re p ro d u c e d b e t ray th e ir sy m b o lic ch ar act e r .

Ch i ti 1
Sy mboli m M H J
r s an s p 48
,
rs . e n n e r, . 1 .
24 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
One of
ge n e ric t e rm s u n de r which t he P u ritan s o f
t he
t he M iddle Ag e s w ere d esign at e d was Ca tha ri Le t he p u re ,
.

o ne s .

fig 2 5 t he P u ritan U n ico rn is re p re se n t e d as fe e di n g
In .

u p o n a Fl e u r de L s which as an e mb l e m o f t he Tri n ity

y , , ,

is o n e o f t he fe w su rvival s s til l e m ploy e d in Ch ri sti an

e ccl e s i o l o gy In fig 2 6 it is san ctifi e d by a c ro ss an d in
. .
,

fig 2 7 is l e tte re d with the i n iti als I S s tan di n g fo r J e s us

.
,

Salvato r t he W ay t he Tr u th and t he Life The p o ssibl e

, , ,
.

o bj e cti o n th at Lati n was a langu age abo ve t he c o m p re h e n sio n

o f t he arti san cl asse s m a b e di sc o u n t e d by t he t e sti mo n y o f
y
De Th o u w ho wro te in I5 56with re f e re n c e t o t he Vau do i s
,
l
,

No twith stan di n g th e ir sq ual id n e ss it is su rp ri si n g th at th e y,

are ve ry far fro m b e i n g u n c u ltivat e d in th e ir m o ral s The} .

a lmost a ll understa nd L a tin a n d are ab l e t o writ e fai rl y e n o u gh

”
.
,

T he m o tto o f t he Italian Vau do i s was Lux lut e! in Ienehris ,

2

a n d thi s light s hi n i n g u n c o m p re h e n d e d in t he da rk n e ss wa s

l ike Ch ri s t t he Light o f t he Wo rld sym b o li se d by the Fl e u r

, ,

de Lys In fig 2 7 a t he Fl o we r de L u c e o r Fl o we r o f L ight
. .

1
Th e Hug u en ots in Fra n ce, 5 S mile s, . p .
330 .

2
Na rra tiv e of an E xc u rsion to the V a lley : f Piedmon t W m
o , . G illy ,

p . 2 57 .
P ARAB LE oF TH E P I L GRI M
26 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
is rep re se n te d fl am i n g with a h al o an d in figs 2 7 h an d 2 8 it
, .

is s h o w n b u ddi n g an d e xt e n di n g in all di re cti o n s .

T he E n gli s h p ri n t e r JO H N DA Y c o m pari n g t he dark n e ss

o f t he p re c e di n g p e ri o d with his o w n ti m e s o f p u re r e n

light e n m e n t ad o pte d as a t ra d e m ark t he pithy i n s i n u ati o n

,
-

“
t o t h e re ad e r Ari se fo r it is Day
, , an d in a s i m il ar s pi rit

t he p ri n te r JO H N W IG HT e m pl o y e d as his de vic e t he p o rtra it

o f hi m s e lf c arryi n g S cien tia with t he m o tto We lc o me the

, ,

Wight that bri nge th s u ch light .

So m e ti m e s t he L ight w as sym bo li se d by a can dl e stick as ,

in t he e xam pl e s h e re with .

3!

Fig 30 is s u rmo u n t e d by a c ro ss a n d in fig 3 I t he L ight

.
,
.

is re p re s e n t e d by a Sta r c ro ss o r l e tte r X
-
I n t o t he fo rm o f
.

thi s X t he m ys tics re ad t he l e tt e rs L V X so th at it fo rm e d
a n i n ge n i o u s re b u s o r m o n o g ram o f t he w o rd
“
lu x .

T he f o l l o wi n g de sig n s re p re se n t J e s us Ch ri st t he ,
”
An o i n te d o f t he Light M o ns Briq u e t has co ll e cte d m an y
. .

s p e ci m e n s o f th e s e e fli ie s all o f which are di s ti n g u i s h e d by

g ,

three l o ck s o f h ai r t he th re e e vide n tl y b e
,
i n g i n te n d e d to
sy m b o li se Ch ri s t s o n e n e ss with t he Tr i n ity In figs 33 an d
’
. .

L ight — d t d by t h e L u x c o s— is p ro c e e di n g o u t o f
3 4 e n o e r s

t he m o u th a n d t he
,
a n o i n ti n g o f t he L ight is u n m i stak a bly

i ndic ate d in fig 33 by t he p o s iti o n o f t he Lu x o n the l o ck s

.

o f ha i r. T he re is a si z e o f p ap e r k n o w n to thi s day as JESU S

 THE P ARAB LE O F THE P I L GRI M
an d as m o st o te ch n ical t e rm s o f t he pape r trade o w e
f t he
th e i r o rigi n t o p ri m itive wat e r m ark s it m ay safe ly b e
-
,

i n fe rre d th at t he d e sig n s no w u n d e r c o n side rati o n are t he

so u rc e o f th e t e rm J esu s ”
“
.

G o d, say s Ko m e n sky is o u r Shi e ld

,
“
,
a n d t he d e sig n s
h e re with r e pr e se n t thi s i n v u l n e rabl e Shi e ld an d B u ckl e r
.
28 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYM B OL ISM
T he l e tte r s I H S o n fig 3 5 are t he we ll k n o w n i niti al s
.
-

u s ually m i s r e ad t o i n dic at e J esus Hominum Sa lv a tor On '

.

fig 36 is t he Fl e u r de Lys an d I S o f J e s u s Salvato r ; an d
.

o n fi s 3 8 an d 39 Ch ri s t is re p re se n t e d by a Fi s h Thi s
g . .

was a sym b o l m uch u se d by t he p ri m itive Ch ri sti a n s in

t he C ataco m b s an d it s p o p ul arity w as du e p artly t o t he fact
,

th at t he l e tt e rs of t he G re ek wo rd fo r fish yi e ld e d t he
'

i n itial s o f t he se n te n c e J e s u s Ch ri st So n o f Man S avi o u r

“
, , ,
.
”

The Fi s h o fte n tak e s the fo rm o f a D o l phi n which was

, ,

an ci e n tly re gard e d as t he s p e ci al fri e n d o f m a n A m o n g t he .

Gre e k s t he Do lphi n was ve n e ra te d as t he Savi o u r o f t he

s hipw re ck ed an d thi s s p e ci al q uality as a S avi o u r m ad e it a
,

favo u rit e fish-e m ble m with t he Ch ri sti a n s .

40

A Do lphi n w as t he a rm s o f t he F re n ch p ro vi n c e o f
DA U PH INEY, which di st rict was t he h eadq uart e rs o f t he
Va u d o i s .

The de s ig n er o f t he can dle stick b el ow has adopte d the

m otto I am sp e n t in o th e rs se rvic e an d t he aim o f t he
,
’

,
”

m y s tic has alway s b e e n t o l ead his fe ll o w s f ro m t he b o n dage

 TH E P ARAB LE O F TH E P I LGRI M 29

o f c o rru pti o n i n t o t he lib e rty o f t he childr e n o f Light T he .

e m bl e m o f t h e Itali an V au do i s w as a b u rn i n g c an dl e s t an di n g

in a c an dl e stick su rm o u n te d by se ve n stars a n d l e tt e re d
un de rn eath Lax c et in tenehris
,
Me n can o n ly b e h appy
.
1
,
“
say s Eck art sh au se n wh e n t he ban dage which i n te rc e pts
,

t he t ru e l ight fall s fro m th e i r e ye s wh e n t he fe tte rs o f ,

sl ave r are l o o se n e d fro m th e ir h e art s T h e bli n d m u st se e

y .
,

t he la m e m u st
walk be fo re happi n e ss ca n b e u n de rsto o d
,
.

Bu t t he gr e at a n d all p o w e rf u l law t o w h ich t he fe licity o f

-

m an is i n di sso l u bly attach e d is t he o n e fo ll o wi n g : Man

‘
,

le t re aso n ru l e o ve r y o u r p assi o n s Wh e re he ask s

’ ’ 3 ’

.
, ,
“
is t he m an th at has n o p ass i o n s Le t him s h o w hi m se lf .

Do w e n o t all w e ar t he ch ai n s o f se n su ality m o re o r l e ss
‘

h eavily Are w e n o t all slave s all s i n n e rs PThi s re ali sati o n

,

o f o u r lo w e stat e e xcit e s in u s t he d e sire fo r re d e m pti o n

w e lift o ur e y e s o n high 2 ”
.

The d e sign s h e re with p o rt ray Eve ry m an as thi s d o l o ro us

sl ave In fig 4 5 h e is see n l an gu i shi n g in t he b o n ds o f
. .

Bo mp irn i ( S . A S hor t His tory of the Ita lia n Wa ldense s , p . I

.

2
The Clo u d u pon th e S a n ctu a ry , K l
a r v o n Ec k a rt sh a us e n , 62p . .
30 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL IS M
wre tch e d n e ss to ward s a P e rfe cti o n th at is sy m b o li se d by t he
ci rcle o ve r his he ad .

O n ly t he p e rfe ct ca n bri n g an ythi n g to p e rfe cti o n c o n

,
“
ti n n e s Eckart s h au se n Th e re is b u t O n e w ho is abl e t o
.

o p e n o u r i n n e r e ye s so th a t w e m a b e h o ld T ru th
, y ; b ut
O n e w ho can fre e u s f ro m t he b o n d s o f se n su al ity . Thi s

o ne is J e su s Ch ri st t he Sa v iour t he Sa v iour b e c au se

he W is h e s t o e xt ric ate u s fro m t he c o n s e q u e n c e s which fo ll o w

t he bli n d n e ss o f o u r n at u ral re aso n By t he p o we r o f
”
.

J e s u s Ch ri s t t he h o o dwi n k o f ig n o ra n c e fall s fro m o u r

“
 THE P ARAB L E O F THE P I L GRI M 3 1

e ye s ; t he bo n ds o f se nsu ality b re ak a n d w e rej o ic e in t he ,

libe rty o f Go d s c hildre n ’

It will b e n o tic e d th at in
.
” 1

all th e se sl av e d e sig n s t he b a n d a g e ha s b e e n p u s h e d u p
fro m ove r t he e ye s In fig t he h o o dwi n k o f ig n o ra n c e
. .

has co m pl e t e ly di sapp eare d a n d t he e n lighte n e d sl ave is

,

gapi n g with an e xp re ssi o n o f asto n i sh me n t an d wo n de r In .

figs 50 an d 5 1 t he di sb a n d e d fig u re n o w w e e pi n g app are n tly

.
,

wit h jo y is c ro w n e d in o n e c ase with t he Ro se o f Bli ss in

, , ,

t he o th er with t he C ro s s o f S alva ti o n t he C ro w n o f Lu x , ,

a n d t he Ci rcl e o f P e rfe cti o n .

D o u btl e ss th e se e m bl e m s re pre se n t t he f u lfil m e n t o f t he ‘

p ro m i se : A n d t he glo ry which th o u gave s t m e I h av e

give n th e m ; tha t th e y m ay b e o n e e ve n as w e are o n e
I in th e m an d th o u in m e that th e y m
,

a b e m a d e p e rfe ct
, y ,
” 2
in o ne .

1
Th e Cl ou d u po n the S a n ct ua ry , K l
ar von Ec k a rt s ha use n , p . 60 .

2
St John xvii . 2 2, 2 3 .
 CHA PT ER III

THE WAYS O F ASCE N T

My soul l ik e , qu i t p lm
e a e r,

Tra v ll e e th to w ards t he la n d o f he a e n v
O v e r t he s il v m er i
o un ta n s ,

W h e re s p i g th e
r n n ec ta r fo un ta ns . i ’

S IR W A LTER L
RA EIG H .

p pl
A n d m a n y e o e s ha g o a n d
’ —
ll sa y : C o m e ye , and le t us go up t o th e
'

i
mo un ta n o f th e Lo rd I A IA H
. S .

O NE m ight i n de fi n ite ly mu ltiply t he sy m bo ls u n der which

Al l e go ry has ve il e d t he Q u e st o f t he Ide al an d al mo s t ,

as m u ltifari o u s are t he fo rm s u n d e r which t he sy m boli st s

e xp re sse d th e i r c o n c e pti o n s o f t he Vi si o n B e a u tifu l .

T he acc o m pan yi n g d e sign s re p re s e n t t he asc e n t o f t he

so u l by m ean s o f t he Ladde r o f P e rfe cti o n t he ti me ,

h o n o u re d Sca la Perfectionis o f Mystici sm F ro m P LO T IN US .

do wn ward th e re has b e e n a p e rsi s te n t p reachi n g of thi s

says PLO T INiJs
“
Ladde r o f t he Vi rt ue s O u r t eachi n g
.
,
”

re ach e s o n ly s o far as t o i n dic at e t he w a i n which t he

y
S o u l sh o u ld go b ut t he Vi si o n it se lf m ust b e the So u l s
,
’

1 ”
o w n achi e v e m e n t .

T he Ladd e r w as a favo u rit e e m bl e m o f t he ro adway o f

t he G o ds b e c au se it d e pict e d a g rad u al asc e n t in go o d n e s s
, ,

a pr o gre ss s t e p by s t e p a n d li n e u p o n li n e t o w ard s Pe rfe c

ti o n Dan t e re c o rd s t he vi si o n
’

Cf S t di i My ti l R lig i
. u es n R M J s ca p 76 e on , . . o n e s, . .

32
 THE WAYS O F ASCENT
“
I sa w rear
’
d u
p
In l
c o o ur like ll
t o sun -i u min e d g o ld
A ladde r w hic h my ke n
,
p ursue d in v ain ,

So lo ft y w as t he su m mit
” 1
.

T he sa n ctity ofbl e ms h e re with is i n dicat e d by t he

t he em
A nge l o n t he t o p o f fig 53 an d by t he cro ss su rmo un ti n g
.
,

fig 52 The go al o f asc e n t is e xp resse d in fig 54 by t he

. . .

Fl e u r de Lys o f Light an d in fig 55 by a Star t he Vi sio n

,
.
,

o f Ch ri s t t he B right an d M o rn i n g Sta r .

It was a Vau do i s t e n e t that J esu s Ch ri st who m all “

,

thi ngs ob ey is o ur P ol e Star an d t he o n ly s tar th at we

, ,
"

”
ou ght t o fo llo w which idea is dou btl e ss e xpre sse d in t he
,

crow n ed an d l o n g-t aile d s tar h e r ewith .

T he Vau do i s al so re gard e d Ch ri s t as a Stag an d th e i r ,

pasto rs as Ch am o is who le ap e d fro m vi rt ue to vi rt u e The 2

.

l e tte rs I S i m ply that t he m e an i n g o f t he de sig n h e r e with is

. .

t o b e fo u n d in t he p assage The day s tarre ari se s in m e n s

’

h eart s yea t he day breaks and t he sh ado ws fle e away an d

,

1
Pa ra dis o , C a n to xxi .

2
Ed Mo n te t, M stoire Littera ire des V a u dois , p
'

65
’

. . .
.
34 T H E LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
Ch ri st c o m e s as a swift Ro e an d yo u n g H art u p o n t he
mo u n tai ns o f Be t he r
” l
.

M o n s B riqu e t r e p ro d u c e s u pward s o f thre e h u n d re d

.

d e vic e s (dati n g fro m 13 18) which he de sc rib e s as M o u n ts ,

M o u n t ai n s o r Hill s
,
Th e y are e m bl e m s o f wh at B u n yan
.

te rm s t he De l e ctab le M o u n tai n s— in o th e r w o rd s th o se ,

H o ly Hill s t o which t he P sal m i st lifte d his e ye s an d ,

which acc o rdi n g t o OBA DIA H dro pp e d swe e t wi n e

, , The
mys tic s gl o ri e d in t he be li e f that th e y “
walke d with t he
Lo rd t readi n g a n d trippi n g o ve r t he pl easan t m o u n tai n s o f
,
”
t he H e ave n ly Lan d a n d th e i r e y e s w e re s tra i n e d p e rse v e r
,

ingly eastward in e xp e ctati o n o f Ch ri s t s sp e e dy c o m i n g ove r

’

th e hill s o f B e th e r .

Cf S Fi he B by B p ti m m
. . s r, a B hi L d
a s 1653 p 5 2
ee r a sni, on on , , . 1 .
 THE WAYS O F ASCE N T 35

In All e go ry hill s o r m o u n ta i n s ve ry fre q ue n tly i m ply

,

M e ditati o n an d H e ave n ly C o m m u n io n an d fo r thi s re aso n

,

t he l e ge n d r u n s th at t he H o ly Gra il w as p re se rv e d o n t he
s u m m it o f Montsa lv a t t he M o u n ta i n o f S alva ti o n
, .

The M o u n tai n s o f My rrh an d t he Hi ll s o f F ran k in ce n se ,

t o which the writ e r o f The S o n g o f S o l o m o n say s he will

1

re t reat are ideally t he sam e as th o se si lve r

,
m o u n ta i n s
over which acc o rdi n g to Sir Wal te r Rale igh
,

My so ul li ke q ui e t pal m e r
, ,

Trav elle t h t o w ards t he lan d o f heave n .

In E m ble m th e y we re re pre se n te d as thre e fiv e o r six b u t

, , ,

m o s t u su ally as th re e Am o n g t he J e w s t he three p e ak e d
.
-

M o u n t O live t w as e ste e m e d to b e h o ly an d acc o u n t e d to

,

b e t he re s ide n c e of t he D e ity M o u n t M e ru t he I n di an
.
,

iv 6. .
3 6 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB O L I SM
h o ly m o u n ta i n , w as id
h ave th re e p eak s c o m po se d o f
sa to

o ld s ilv e r a n d i ro n an d by Hi n d o o s Ta rt a rs M an ch u ri an s
g , , ,
.
, ,

an d M o n go l s M o u n t M e ru w as v e n e rat e d as t he dwe lli n g

,

plac e o f t he Tri n ity Brah m a Vi sh n u and Siva The F le u r

, , , .

de Lys o f L ight p o i se d o ve r fig 64 is an ide og raph o f t he . .

wo rds A s a spi rit b e fo re o u r fac e is Ch ri st t he Lo rd who

, ,

will le ad us to the to p s o f t he m o u n tai n s in t he bo n ds o f

Ch ari ty .

Thi s passage is f ro m The Holy Conv erse o f ST F RA N C IS

o f A ss i s i If as is s u ppose d F ran ci s was t he so n o f a
.
, ,
.

Vau do i se it will acc o u n t fo r his arde n t p ractic e o f t he

,
”
“ “
Wal de n si an te n e t Wo rk is Praye r ,
I was eve r said .
,
”

he ,
“
in t he h abit o f wo rki ng with m i n e o w n h an d s an d it ,

is m y firm wi s h that all t he o th e r b re th re n wo rk al so .

”

F ran ci s re ve r se d t he t raditi o nal ide a th at t he Ch urch al o n e

c o ul d save m e n s so u l s by acti n g o n t he b e li e f that t he
’

Ch u rch itse lf was to b e save d by t he faith an d wo rk o f t he

p e o ple A su b se q u e n t de velo p m e n t o f t he m o ve me n t was
.

t he f o rma ti o n o f t he all i e d o rd er o f T e rti ari e s i e wo rki n g , . .

m e n an d w o m e n who m ain tai n e d t he spi rit o f his rul e at ,

t he sam e ti m e carryi n g o n th e i r w o rldly o cc upa ti o n s The .

m o s t i m p o rt an t fe a t u re o f thi s m o ve m e n t say s Dr R u f us ,

M J o n e s w as t he c u ltivati o n o f a g ro up spi rit an d t he

.
,
“
,

fo rm ati o n o f a sys te m o f o rgan i sa ti o n am o n g t he arti sa n s

a n d w o rki n g m e n which d e ve l o p e d i n to o n e o f t he
,

p o we rfu l fo rce s th at fi nally le d to t he di si n t e grati o n o f the

1 ”
fe u dal sy ste m .

Th e re is th u s a n o bvio u s p ro bability o f me e ti n g with

Fran ci scan my stici sm e xp re sse d in t he mark s an d ciph e rs of
c o n t e m po iary c raft sm e n
-
Fig 65a is a p ri n te r s de vic e an d
. .
’

figs 67 83 an d 84 are c o pi e d fro m e xam pl e s o f se ve n te e n th

.
, ,

c e n t u ry do me s tic s tai n e d gl ass e xhibite d in t he M u sé e Cl u n y

at PA R IS
S t di i My ti l R lig i
1
p I6
u es n s ca e on , . 2 .
 THE WAYS O F ASCE NT
In fig 66 t he ci rcl e is aga i n t he sym b o l o f P e rfe cti o n
.
.

T he m ys tic l o ve d t o m e ditat e u p o n t he s u p re m e p o i n t o f
p e rfe cti o n a n d t o t he be st o f his ability fo ll o w e d t he
,

i nj u nctio n Be ye p e rfe ct as yo u r Fath e r in H e ave n is

,
“
, !

p e rfe ct. T he i n iti al Z su rm o u n ti n g fig 67 h e re s t an d s

”
.

for Zi o n t he B eau ty o f P e rfe cti o n an d t he m o n o gram

”

, ,

in fig 68 re pr e se n t s Jesu s S alvat o r t he p ro m i se d
.
,

V OL I
‘

. .
3 8 THE LO ST LA N GUAG E O F SYMB OL I SM
D e live re r Th e re sh all c o m e o u t o f Zi o n t he Delive re r
.
“
,

an d s h all t u rn away u n go dli n e ss fro m J ac o b

1 ”
.

O ve r fig 60 w as t he Star an d Cro s s o f t he e xp e ct e d
.

M e ssi ah o n figs 69 an d 7 0 is t he Cro w n o f Bli ss an d t he

.

fl u tteri n g e agl e in fig 7 1 re p re se n t s t he p ro m i se, Th e y th at

.

wait u p o n t he Lo rd sh all m o u n t u p with wi n gs as e agl e s ;

an dth e y sh all ru n and n o t b e we ary an d th e y s hall walk ,

an d n o t fa i n t
” 2
.

Th e sa il su rm o u n ti n g fig 7 2 is a rare b u t u n m i stakabl e
.

e m bl e m o f t he H o ly Spi rit Sp iritus p ri m arily m ean s

.

b reath o r wi n d an e l e m e n t which t he em ble m m ake r c o u ld

,
-

o n l y e xp re ss by d e picti n g so m e s u ch o bj e ct as a sail which

,

catch e s a n d e n fo ld s t he wi n d 3
.

1R m o xi 26
a ns . . I i h 1 x 3 2
sa a . 1
.

3
Si w i t i g I fi d t h t th
n ce r n il w
,
Eg yp t i
n ymb l f
a e sa S pi i t as an an s o or r .

F E H lm
. . u t t e T h Eg yp t i
s a es : ymb l f
“
b eth i th anil f s o or rea s e sa o a
 TH E WAYS 0F ASCE N T 39

c o n ve y thi s sam e idea o f t he Spi rit dwe lli n g o n t he

To
m o u n ta i n -to p s t he de vi se r o f figs 7 3 an d 7 4 has e m pl o y e d
,
. .

t he fam ili ar sy m b o l o f t he Do v e .

The fo ll o w e rs o f t he H o ly Spi rit w e re th e m se lv e s c o n

s ide re d t o b e D o v e s a n i de a fo st e re d by t he i nj u n cti o n Be ,

n t he Holy Conv erse b e tw e e n ST

”
e h arm l e ss as d o v e s I
y .

F RA N C IS an d t he Lady Po ve rty it is re co rd e d th at c e rtai n

me n all b e gan at o n c e t o fo ll o w afte r t h e bl e sse d F ran ci s ,

a n d whil s t with m o s t ea sy st e p s th e y w e re h as t e n i n g t o t he

h e ight s be h o ld t he Lady P o ve rty stan di n g o n t he t o p o f

,

that self-sam e m o u n tai n l o o ke d d o w n o ve r the st e e p s o f t he

hill an d se e i n g th o se m e n so sto u tly cli m bi ng— nay flying u p

, , ,

wi n ge d by aspi rati o n !— she wo n d e re d greatly an d said ,

W ho are th e se w ho c o m e flyi n g lik e cl o u d s an d lik e d o ve s

t o th e i r wi n do w s ? A n d b e h o ld a v o ic e cam e t o he r an d
’

‘
said : Be n o t afraid O dau ght e r o f Z io n fo r th e se m e n
, ,

are t he see d wh o m t he Lo rd h a t h b l e s s e d a n d ch o se n in
‘

l o ve u n fe ign e d So lyi n g b ack o n t he th ro n e o f he r

’
.
,

n ak e d n e ss did t he Lady Po ve rty p re se n t th e m with t he

,
‘
ble ssi ng s o f swe e t n e ss an d said t o th e m : Wh at is t he,

c au se o f yo u r c o m i n g P — t e l l m e m b ro th e rs A n d why
y ,
.

h ast e n ye s o fro m t he V al e o f Te ars t o t he M o u n t o f

Light 9 ’

In figs 7 5 a n d 7 6 is S h o w n t he M o u n t o f L ight with

.

v l
esse h ppy
: a ad xp iv i d
an th
e i l i i t d l t ill
re s s e e a, as e sa s ner an use e s s

q i k
u c d b y th b
ene th f th w i d b t p i g b
e re a o t h it i fl e i t n ,
u s rn s e ne a s n ue n c e n o

m v m t
o e en d vi — Sy mb li m i Ch i ti A t p
an se r ce.
”
o s n r s an r ,
. 102 .
46 THE LO ST LANGUA G E O F SYMB OL I SM
t he C ro ss o f Lux u p o n it s su mm it an d su rmo un ti ng fig 7 7,
.

is t he d e vic e o f a do ve flyi n g h e av e n ward .

W e c o m e to th e e o u r Lady ( Pove rty) co n ti n u e s t he

, ,

write r o f The Holy Conv erse an d we be se e ch th e e re c e ive

“
,

u s u n t o th e e in p e ac e w e d e s i re t o b e c o m e b o n d se rvan ts o f
t he Lo rd o f Vi rt u e b e c au se He is t he Ki n g o f Gl o ry We .

h ave h e ard th at th o u art Q ue e n o f Vi rt u e an d in so me ,

wi se h ave l earn e d it by t rial Wh e re fo re fall e n at yo u r

.
,

fe e t we e n treat th ee h u mb ly to de ign t o b e with us and to

,

b e u n to u s a w ay o f attai n i n g u n t o t he Ki n g of G lory .

O n ly ad m it u s t o thy p e ac e an d w e sh all b e save d ,

that th ro ugh th e e He may re c e ive u s who th ro ugh th e e has

1 ”
re de e m e d u s .

The e xpre ssio n re de e m e d has alway s p o sse sse d

am o n g m y stic s a m ean i n g so m e wh at di f fe re n t fro m tha t
which p o p ularly o btai n s Re de m pti o n was b e l i eve d to b e
.

no t an ac t o f u n c o n diti o n al m e rcy o r an i m m e di ate l o s i n g o f

‘

o n e s gu i l ty stai n s by a su dd en pl un ge i n to t he fo u n tai n o f
’

Emm an u e l s bl o o d b u t rath e r a grad ual an d pro gr essive

’

pro c e ss a slo w gro wth an d e xpan si o n o f m an s spi rit ual

,
’

fac u l t i e s Th at m a n is n o Ch ri stian wro te a w ell -k no wn

.
,
”

'

m ys tic ,
w ho do th m e re ly c o mfo rt hi m sel f with t he su fle r
in g d eath an d sa ti sfacti o n of Ch ri s t an d d o th i mp u t e it t o
, , ,

hi mse lf as a gift of favo u r re mai n i n g hi mse lf sti ll a wild

,

S 1
C mm i m T mple Clas i
ac ra »: o erc u pp 44—4 5
, e s c s, . .
 THE WAYS OF ASCE NT 4x

b east an d u n rege n e rat e If thi s said sacrific e is to avail fo r .

me it m u st b e w ro ught in me
,
The F a th e r m u st b e ge t His .

So n in m y de si re o f faith
” 1
.

Mystici sm has u n ive rsally tau ght th at e ve ry ma n has

withi n hi m se lf t he ge rm s o r see d s o f D ivi n ity an d that by ,

se lf c o n q u e s t th e se S p a rk s o f H e ave n m a
- b e fa n n e d i n t o a
y
flam e the fl am e i n to a fire t he fire i n t o a s tar an d t he s tar
, , ,

i n to a s u n .

The s pi rit o f Ch ri s t was r e gard e d as a st ar daw n i n g in

t he dark ne ss o f t he so u l
“
a l ight th at s hi n e th in a d ark
.

plac e u n til t he day daw n an d t he day star ari se in yo ur

,
-

The ide al of Paul an d o f his m ystic fo l l o we r s in

2 ”
h earts .

“
ge n e ral was Ch ri st in yo u a n d e ve ry man p e rfe ct in ,

J e su s Ch ri st a n d thi s id eal was f o ste re d by m y stici sm

3 ”

c e n t uri e s b e fo re Pa ul was bo rn o r Ch ri sti an ity daw ne d u po n

the w o rl d
“
Ye are gods a n d all of yo u are childre n o f
.
,

t he M o st High say s t he po e t w ho wr o t e t he 82 n d Psal m

”

, ,

an d he p re fac es the as se rti o n by t he lam e n t “

Th e y ,

k no w n o t n e ith e r wil l th ey u n de rstan d ; th e y wal k o n in

,

dark n ess : all t he fo u n dati o n s o f t he e arth are o u t of

”
c o u r se .

No o n e k no w s wh e n o r wh e re the id ea o f Re Bi rth had -

it s o rigi n F o rty c e n t u ri e s ago it was c u rr e n t in I n dia

.
,

whith e r it had p ro bably t rave ll e d fro m Ch ald aea In an .

Egypti an do c u me n t assig n e d t o t he th i rd c e n t u ry be fo re —

Ch ri st th ere o cc ur s t he q u e sti o n an d t he an swe r W ho is “

,

t he au th o r o f Re -Bi rth The So n o f G o d t he O n e Man , ,

by Go d s will ’
The sam e d o c u m e n t t each e s th at n o o n e
.
”

ca n b e sav e d with o u t Re Birth ; th at t he m at eri al b o dy -

p e rc e ive d by t he se n se s is n o t t o b e c o n f u se d with t he
S pi ritual an d e sse n ti al b o dy ; that t o re ach Re Birth o n e -

1
Wm . La w , q uo te d in Christia n My sticism , In ge , p . 280 .
2
2 i
Pe te r . 19 .

3
1 Co lsi o s an s i . 2 7 , 2 8.
 THE LO ST LANG U A G E O F SYMB OL ISM
'

m u st c o n q u e r t he bo dily se n se s d e ve lo p t he i n ward fac u lti e s

, ,

a n d r eso l u t e ly e x e rt o n e s will p o w e r wh e re u p o n D ivi n ity

’

,
”
S h all c o m e t o bi rth “
Do s t th o u n o t k n o w c o n ti n u e s ”
.
,

t he Egypti a n phil o so ph e r th o u h as t be e n bo rn a G o d
“
, ,

So n o f t he O n e Thi s an ci e n t hym n o f t he Re -Bi rth w as

t o b e re cit e d in t he o p e n a ir faci n g so u th w est at s u n se t an d
,
-

to wards t he eas t at su n ri se an d t he do ct ri n e w as to b e k e pt
,
1
se c re t o r e so t e ric .

O n e o f t he fi rs t e xp e rie n c e s o f Ko me n sk y s P i l gri m is
’

his i n st ru cti o n by Ch ri s t u p o n t he n e c e ss ity o f b e i n g b o rn

agai n . O n b e i n g e q u ipp e d with t he sp e ctac le s o f t he H o ly
Spirit he is to ld t o pass by agai n t he sp o ts whe re p re vi o u sly
he had go n e as tray He e n t e rs a ch u rch th at was n am e d
.

‘
Ch ri sti an i ty ,
’
an d se e i n g withi n it s i n n e rmo s t
,
p o rti o n
wh at see me d t o b e a c u rtai n e d o r sc re e n e d chan c e l he ,

i m m e di ate ly app ro ach e d it h ee di n g n o t th o se se ctari an s

,
”
w ho w e r e w ran gli n g in t he ai sl e s F ro m withi n t he ve ile d
.

S hri n e which he p e rc e ive d was t he tru th o f Chri sti an ity ,

th e re fl ash e d light a n d was wafte d f ragran ce ; ye t to t he

P ilgri m s asto n i sh me n t th o u san d s o f m e n passe d by t he
’

“
san ct u ary a n d did n o t e n t e r it I saw al so th at m an y
.

w h o w e re l ea rn e d in s c ript u re — p ri e sts bi sh o p s a n d o th ers , ,

w ho th o u ght highly o f th e i r h o li n e s s — w e n t aro u n d t he

san ct u ary so m e i n d ee d l o o k e d in b u t did n o t e n t e r
, ,
an d ,
”
thi s al so app e are d m o u rn f u l u n t o m e .
2

The Egypti an phil o so ph er al ready q u ote d w rote o f t he

Re -Bi rth Wh e n eve r I see withi n m ys e lf t he s i n ce re vi si o n
b ro u ght to bi rth o u t o f G o d s m e rcy I h ave passe d th ro ugh
’

my se lf i n t o a b o dy th at c an n e ve r die an d n o w I a m not
‘

,
‘ 3 ”
w ha t I w a s heyb re b u t I a m b o rn in Mi n d
,
Thi s is .

p aralle l e d by Ko m e n sk y s asse rti o n H e h o we ver w ho has

’

, , ,

1
Persona l Relig ion in fig /p t, W . M . F li n de rs i pp
Pe tr e , .
94, 9 8 .

2
Pp 2 14, 2 15
. .

3
Perso n a l Relig io n in Egypt , W . M . F li n de rs i p
Pe t r e , .
94 .
 THE WAYS O F ASCE NT 43

p asse d th ro ugh t he i n n e rm o st p o rtal hecornes somew ha t ‘

dzflk rent fro m o th e r m e n : he is f ull o f bli ss jo y an d , ,

1 ”
p e ac e .

To attai n t o thi s b e atit u de o f Re n ai ssa n c e o r R e ge ne ra

ti o n was t he wo rld o ld go al o f mys tici sm
- To b e t e .

“
bo rn says Eckart sh au se n m e an s to re t u rn t o a wo rl d
,
”

wh e re t he spi rit o f W i sdo m an d lo ve go v e rn s whe re an i mal ,

T he G o thic R p o i se d o n t he mo u n t ai n s in
” 2
m an o b e y s .
,

fig 7 9 was t he i n itial an d t he sym bo l o f Regenera tio T he

.
, .

se rp e n t c o il e d u p o n t he c ro ss as in fi s 80 a n d 8 1 w as a l so
g ,
.
,

a sym b o l o f re ge n e rati o n o r salvati o n fro m t he fact th at ,

thi s r e pti le p e ri o dically slo ugh s its s ki n an d is bo rn an e w .

The m e an i n g o f the se rp e n t sym b o l is cl e n ch e d in fig 80 .

by t he additi o n o f t he le t te r R— thi s be i n g o n e of th o se
s

“
case s wh e re i n sc ript io n s are plac e d abo ve t he pict u re s
in o rde r th at t he l e tt e r m ay e xpl ai n wh at t he h an d has
”
de picte d 3
.

The t re fo i l su rm o u n t in g fig 82 is a wide ly ack n o wl e dge d

.

1
P 2 15
. .

2
Clou d up on the S a nc tua ry , p
77 . .

3
C f Th e Ro ma n ce of Sy mbo lis m, 5 He a th ,
. . p . 15.
44 T HE LO ST LAN GUAGE OF SYMB O L ISM
em bl e m o f t he Tri n ity Pl ac e d th u s u p o n t he su mm it o f
.

t he H o ly Hi ll s it i n dic a te s t he th re e l o ave s o f t he
“

k n o wle dge o f t he Tri n ity in whic h c o n si st s t he fi n al fe licity

,

The m o rn i n g s t ar a n d Ch ri s t
1 ”
o f e v e ry soj o u rn e r b e l o w .

t he Fi sh n e e d n o e l u cid ati o n T h e c re s c e n t m o o n s u r
.

mo u n ti n g figs 84 an d 85 w as a sym bo l o f t he Lan d o f

.

H e ave n an d w as u se d with thi s i m p o rt by t he e arly

,

Ch ri sti an s in t he c atac o m bs .
2

Bu t bl e m s o f t he c o n te m plative life are relativ e ly

em

i n fre q u e n t in c o m p ari so n with th o se re p re se n ti n g t he active

vi rtu e s Each o f t he vari o u s V i rtu e s an d G rac e s had its
.

o w n di s ti n ctive sy m b o l by m e a n s o f which w e r e e xp re sse d

,

t he s e v e ral w ays o f asc e n t .

The fi rst o f t he Way s w as p u rity an d aspi ra ti o n W ho .

s h all a sc e n d t he Hill o f t he Lo rd P
”
as k s t he P sal m i s t an d ,

t he c o n diti o n fo l l o w s H e th at h ath cl e an h an ds an d a p u re
,

The W ay o f S o lit u d e a n d P u rity w as sym b o li se d

”
h eart .
3

by t he Stag whic h was al so re gard e d as a typ e o f re ligi o u s

,

aspi rati o n pr o b ably f ro m t he p assag e in t he P sal m s

,
Like ,

as t he h art p a n t e t h fo r t he wat e r b ro o k s Th e re was an .

1
i
Philohihl on , R c h ard de B ury .

2
The Word in the Pa t ter n , Mrs G F W a t ts . . .

3 Psa m l xxiv 3, 4
. .
 THE WAYS O F ASCE NT 45

o ld b el i e f th at t he s tag th o u gh a ti mo ro u s c re at u re had a
, ,

ru thl e ss an tip athy t o sn ak e s which it l ab o u re d t o d e stro y

,

h en c e it came to b e regarde d as a t e m ble m of t he

p
1
Ch ri stian fighti n g agai n s t e vil s .

“
A seco n d w a s J u s tic e The j u s t Lo rd lo ve th
.

” “
J ustice a n d t he path o f t he j u st as a s hi n i ng L ight
,

89

shi n e th mo re and mo re u n to the P e rfe ct Day The r ead e r .

will b e fam ili ar with t he e m bl e m s surm o u n ti n g the Scal e s

of J u stic e h e re i ll u strate d
,
N o t e ho w i n ge n i o u sly t he
.

Sy mboli m i Ch i ti
1
s n r sA t F E H lm p 7 6
an r , . . u e, . 1 .
46 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F S YMB OL ISM

Spi rit o f Lo ve has be e n i n dicate d by t he h e art S h ap e o f t he

Do v e s Wi n g in fig 93 T he n u m b e r 8 s u rm o u n ti n g
’
. .

fig 9 0 has fro m m o st a n ci e n t ti m e s b e e n t he e mbl e m o f

.

re g e n e rati o n In Egypt it was o n e o f t he sym b o l s o f Th o th

.
,

t he re fo rm e r an d re ge n e ra t o r w ho p o u re d t he wat e rs o f
p u rific ati o n o n t he h e ad s o f t he i n itiate d Acco rdi n g to
.

“
Swe de n b o rg 8 co rre sp o n d s t o p u rific atio n
, an d , t he
o ct ago n al fo rm o f Ch ri s ti an fo n t s is said t o h ave ari se n
fro m thi s sym bo lic cau se 2
.

K o m e n sky m ai n tai n s th at t he c re e d o f True Ch ri sti

“

”
an it is su mm e d u in t w o w o rd s th a t e v e ry o n e sho u ld l o ve
y p ,

G o d ab o ve all thi n g s th at can b e n am e d an d th at he s h o u ld

,

1
A rca na Celes tia , n 20 44, 2633
. .

2
C f The S cien ce of Corresp on den ce, E
. . Ma dele y,
p .
363
.
 THE WAYS O F ASCE N T
S i n ce re ly wi s h we ll t o his fe llo w m e n as t o hi m se lf Thi s -
.
1

W ay o f Lo ve w as sym b o li se d by t he h eart which in fig 68 , .

is p o rtraye d fl am i n g with t he arde n t fire o f ch arity T he

'

fl o we rs bl o sso m i ng fro m the h e art in fig 10 4 we re t he .

e m bl e m s o f go o d w o rk s fl o we rs as D U RA NDU S say s be i ng , ,

p o rtraye d t o re p re se n t t he fru it o f go o d wo rks sp ri n gi n g

” 2
fro m t he ro ot s o f Vi rt ue .

99

A fo u rth W ay was H u m ili ty H e h ath sh e we d th e e .

,

0 m an wh at is go o d ; an d wh at d o th t he Lo rd re q u i re o f
,

Th f ll w i g xp
1
e o i o f th i g ld
n l p v th t it i iv l
e re ss on s o s o e n ru e ro e a s un e rsa ,

db l g t
an e on ti m s t o no e o r se c

D y w
o as l d b d ou b y
— P i ou e on e .
”
ers a n .

D t th t t
o no ighb wh i h y w ld t k ill f m him
a o a ne o ur c ou ou a e ro .

W ha t yo u wo uld n o t w i sh don e to yo urse f, do l n o t u n t o o th e rs .

— Chin ese .

On e sh o u ld s e ek fo r o th e rs t h e ha ppi n e ss one de s i re s fo r o n e se lf .
”

B u ddhis t .

He so ug h t for o th e rs th e g oo d h e de s i re d i
fo r h m s e f l . Le t h im p ass
” -E
on. g ptia n .

All th i ng s w h at s oe v er ye w o u d th a t l me n sh o u ld do to yo u, do ye
e v — Ch r istia n
e n s o to t h e m .
”
.

Le t n o n e o f yo u t re a t his b ro the r in a w a y h e h m se f wo u d d s k e t o i l l i li
b e t re a te d
”—
Moha mmeda n . .

l li
Th e t rue ru e in fe is to g ua rd a n d do b y th e t h ng s o f o the rs a s th e y i
do b y th e r o vv n ”—
i 1!in du
‘

. .

i pi
Th e la w m r nte d o n t he h e a rt s o f a ll me n is to o e t h e m e m b e rs of lv
i
s o c e t y a s th e m s e es
”—
Ro ma n lv . .

“
v i
W ha tso e e r yo u do n o t w s h yo ur n e g hb o ur to do to you , do n o t un to i
h im Th s is the w h o e law
. i l
Th e re st is a m e re e o s t on o f ir ”
. xp i i .

( Fro m The S w a s tik a ) .

3 The S m bolism o Chu rches a nd Ch u rch Orna me n ts

y f , 51 p . .
43 THE LO ST LA N GUA G E OF S YM BOL ISM
th ee b ut to do ju stly an d to l o ve m e rcy an d to walk h u mbly
, ,

with thy G o d T he sy m b o l o f h u m ility an d p ati e n t

e n d u ran c e w a s t he A ss an d by t he cr o s s o f Lu x o n
, it s
“
fo re h ead was i m pli e d It is h u m ility that m ust faste n yo u
,

to G o d, an d that wi l l k ee p ou
y in a c o n stan t adh e re n c e
H im
”
to .

The whe e l su rm ou n ti n g figs 10 6 an d 10 7 w as t he

.

e mble m o f D ivi n e re u n io n A S t he i n n u m e rabl e rays o f a

.

Mi h vi 8
1
ca . .
 THE WAYS OF ASCE N T 49

c irc le are u n ite d in a S i n gl e c e n t re so as t he m i n d m o u n t s

, ,

u pward do di ffe re n c e s o f s e ct l o se th e i r bitt e rn e ss an d m e rg e

,

i n to t he axl e -t re e o f Ch ri s t
.

A fifth W ay w as H o p e the A n ch o r o f t he S o u l T he
,
.

de sig n e rs of figs 10 8 to 1 15 p ro bably had in th e ir m i n ds

.

t he wo rd s o f P au l w e m ight h av e a s t ro n g co n so l ati o n w ho ,

h av e fle d fo r re fu ge t o lay h o l d u p o n t he hop e se t b e fo re u s

which h o p e we h ave as an an ch o r of t he so u l b o th su re ,

an d s t e dfast a n d which e n t e re th i n t o th at withi n t h e v e il

,

whith e r the fo re ru n n e r is fo r u s e n te re d e v e n J e su s made

, ,
”
an High P r i e s t fo r e v e r aft e r t he o rd e r o f M e lchi se d e c
1
.

1
H b w vi 8—2
e re s . 1 0.
50 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL ISM
Th e i n iti al s LC o n fig 1 14 sig n ify J e su s Ch ri st , who was
. .

re gard e d n o t o n ly as The W a b u t al so as t h e go al o f
y ,

a tt ai n m e n t In fig 1 15 t he an c ho r a n d s tar app e ar in thi s

'

. .

latt e r se n se su rm o u n ti n g t he H o ly Hill s .

K o m e n sky c o mm e n t s u p o n W h at he call s t he bl e sse d se rvi

t u d e o f the S o n s o f G o d By t he aid o f his h o ly sp e ctacl e s
.

t he pilg ri m w as abl e t o p e rc e iv e th at t he i n vi sibl e Ch ri sti an s

willi n gly t o o k u p o n th e m se lve s h u mbl e an d m e a n se rvic e s an d ,

th at if th e y c o u l d b u t se e a w ay in which th e i r fe llo w me n
,
-

m ight b e b e n e fite d th e y did n o t h e sit at e an d did n o t d e lay

,
.

116

No r did th e y e xt o l vice s th e y had re n de re d n o r re

t he se r ,

m i n d o th e rs o f th e m b u t wh e th e r th e y m e t with gratit u d e
, ,

o r i n g ratit u d e c o n ti n u e d se rvi n g q u i e tly an d g aily

” 1
.
,

The sym b o l o f di si n t ere st e d t o il an d i n d e fatigabl e fe l lo w

se rvic e w as t he O x which acc o rdi n g t o H u l m e w as , ,
,

e m bl e m atic o f all w ho p ati e n tly b e ar t he yo k e a n d l ab o u r

in s il e n c e fo r t he go o d o f o th e rs 2
M o n s B riq u e t re p ro.
”
.

d u c e s n early fifte e n h u n dre d vari e ti e s o f t he Ox wat e r m ark -

,

in u se b e tw e e n t he y ears 132 1 a n d 1600 ; an d c o m m e n t ,

in g u p o n it s st ran g e m u ltiplic ati o n in It aly F ra n c e a n d , ,

G e rm an y o b se rve s : The fact o f its wid e p o p u larity is

,
“

re al b u t it s c au se is u n k n o w n
” 3
.
,

1
L by i th p
a r n 4 ,
. 22 .

2
S y m b l i m i Ch i ti
o s A t F E H lm p 7 7
n r s an r ,
. . u e, 2 .

3
L es Filig l iv p 7 6
ra n es , v o . . . 1 .
 THE WAYS O F ASCE NT 5 1

T he s ign o f t he
O x o ccu rs n o t i n fre q u e n tly u n ado rn e d ,

w he n it m ay b e re ad lik e t he m o tt o in fig 44
, .
, I am s p e n t in
”
o th e r s se rvic e ; b u t as a ru l e it is c o m bi n e d with so m e
’

s u ppl e m e n t ary sy m b o l o r sy m b o l s o f t he V i s i o n
.

T he o bj e ct s u rm o u nt i n g fig 12 7 is t he San g raal which

.
, ,

acc o rdi n g t o t raditi o n w as t he c u u se d a t t h e Las t S u pp e r

, p ,

a n d s u b s e q u e n tly by J o se ph o f A ri m ath e a t o c a tc h t h e bl o o d

fl o wi n g fro m t he c ru cifi e d Savi o u r s sid e Mr A E Waite

’
. . .

co nside r s t he vari o u s ve rsi o n s o f t he q u e st fo r t he l o st G ra il

as m i rro rs o f spi rit u al chival ry m i rro rs o f p e rfe cti o n
, ,

page an t s o f t he my stic li fe as t he t eac hi n g o f t he C hu rch

,
52 THE LO ST LA N G UAGE O F SYMB OL I S M
spi ritu ali se d a n d a s o ffe ri n g in ro m an ce fo rm a p re se n tati o n
,

o f a ll so u l s ch ro n icl e
’
- 1
.

In t he e xam pl e o f t he G rail h e re ill u s t rate d t he Ne w ,

Wi n e o f Go d s ki n gd o m is sy m bo li s e d by t he cl u ste ri n g
’

g rap e s ; b u t t he vari e ty o f St G rail e m bl e m s is p ractically

e n dl e ss e ach sym b o li s t d e picti n g h is Vi si o n acc o rdi n g t o his
,

p re fe re n ce T he m y s tic s b e he ld th e m selve s as a n u n b ro ke n
.

p ro c e ssio n o f h u m an t e m ples an d t he H o ly Gra il fo r which,

12 5

e ach s t ro v e w as t he e v e r e xp a n di n g id e al o f his o w n
-

a s pi ra ti o n s .

T he ro adway s t o t he Q u e s t th u s far ill u s trat e d h ave b e e n

P u rity an d A spi rati o n J u stic e Ch arity H u m ility H o p e an d
, , , , ,

U n selfish S e rvic e T he re are s t ill o n e o r t wo o th e rs ye t t o

.

b e c o n s ide re d b u t sy m b o l s o f t he m o re c o n ve n ti o n al s ch e m e s
,

o f salva ti o n are n o tic e ably a b se n t The c ru cifix d o e s n o t .

o cc u r in w a t e r— m ark n o r do a n y e m bl e m s th at can b e r e ad
2
,

to i m ply j u st ific a ti o n by F aith salv ati o n by Bl o o d o r i n de e d

, , , ,

A E W it
1 . . Th H idd
a Ch e, h f th H ly G il It L g d
e en u rc o ed o ra : s e en s an

Sy m bo lis m c o n s ider e d in t h eir afi n zty w ith ce rta in fldy s ter ies of In itia t io n
‘

a nd

f a s ec re t t ra dition in Ch ristia n Times

o th er t ra ce s o .

? A m o n g the e am es us t ra t e d b y Mo n s B r q ue t t h e re is
x pl ill . i on e

e x pt i
ce on i
t o t h s s ta te m e n t .
 TH E WAYS OF ASCE N T 53

by an ythi n g in t he na t u re o f a vic ari o u s at o n e m e n t T he .

c au se li e s in t he fact t ha t th e se p o p u l ar pat hs we re regarded

by t he m ystic s as m i sl e adi n g an d fo r th at re aso n we re n o t ,

m app e d o u t in e m bl e m s Ki n g Arth u r says .

Sp ake I
ly O m y k ight 2
n ot t ru ,
n s
”

W s I t o da k a p p h t w h I s id
a o r ro e en a

T t ho se w ho w n t u p
o th Ho ly Q e st e on e u
,

T hat m st f t he m w ld f ll w w de i g fir
o o ou o o an r n es

L st in t he q agm i re ?
o u

D r P atrick xp —1 0
re s ses t he t raditi o n al d o ct ri n e
( ) I62 6 7 7 e

of m ystici sm in his o n c e p o p ular b u t n o w n e gl e cte d Pa ra ble

h e Pil rim wh e re he say s th a t t he o n ly F a ith which wil l
o
f t g ,

c arry u s t o Je ru sale m is c o n fo r m ity t o t he e thics o f J e su s .

Bu t if I m ay b e so b o ld a s t o i n t e rp o se a q u e s ti o n
,
s a id ,

t he i n q u i re r I p ray sati sfy m e w hy yo u c all thi s t he

“
,
” ”
pi lgri m s faith : is th e re an y e l se b e side s ?
’
“
Th e re is ,

re pli e d his teach e r w e m ee t in thi s w o rld with a faith m o re

gallan t fine an d de l icat e th an t he plai n an d h o m e ly be li e f
, , ,

which I h av e d e scrib e d ; a m o di s h an d c o u rtly faith it is ,

which S it s s til l an d ye t se t s yo u in t he lap o f Ch ri st It

,
.

p asse s u n de r so m an y nam e s th at I c an n o t sta n d t o n u m b er ,

th e m all n o w I t is c all e d a c asti n g o f o urse lve s u p o n Ch ri st

.
,

a r e lyi n g o n his m e rit s a s h ro u di n g o u rse lv e s u n d e r t he

,

ro b e s of H is right e o u sn e ss : an d t ho u gh so m e ti m e s it is
cal le d a go i n g to H im fo r sa lvati o n ye t t he re is thi s m yst ery ,

in t he b u si ne ss th at yo u m ay go a n d ye t n o t go yo u m ay
, ,

o an d e t s t an d still ; o u ma c as t y o u rs e l f u p o n H im
g , y y y ,

and n o t c o m e t o H im ; o r if yo u t ak e o n e littl e s t e p an d ,

b e at t he p ai n s t o c o m e t o H im t he w o rk is d o n e a n d , ,

o u n e e d n o t fo ll o w H im It is i n d e e d a re sti n g no t a
y .
,

trave l li n g grac e .

I h o p e y o u r so u l will n e ve r e n t e r i n t o thi s se c re t n o r ,

fo llo w t he rabbl e in t he se gro u n dl e ss fa n ci e s Bu t yo u will .

V OL . I
.
5
54 . THE L O ST LA NG UA G E O F SYMB OL I SM
rath e r pu t t o yo ur h an d s to p ull do w n th at ido l o f faith
which h ath bee n se t u p with so m u ch d e vo ti o n a nd ,

re l igi o u sly wo r s hipp e d so l o n g a m o ng u s that de ad i mage

o f fa ith , which so m an y have ado re d t ru ste d in an d , ,

p e ri s h e d —I m e an t he n o ti o n which h ath b ee n so z e alo u sly

adva n c e d ho w th at b e li e vi n g is n o thi n g e lse b u t a re lyi n g
,

o n J e su s fo r salva ti o n a fidu c ial re c u m b e n cy u p o n Him a

c asti n g o u rse lve s wh o l ly u p o n His m e rits o r an applyi n g

o f H is right e o u s n e ss t o o u r s o u l s . A n d if yo u th ro w all
tho se oth e r phrase s afte r th e m which tell u s that it is a
,

taki n g of Chri st a layi n g hold o f Him a clo si n g with Him

, , ,

o r an e m braci n g of H im yo u S h all do t he be tt e r an d more

, ,
1 ”
c e rtai n ly se c u re yo u rse l f fro m b e i n g de c e iv e d .

1
Th P
e bl f th Pilg im L d
a ra e o e r , on 840 pp 96 97
o n, 1 ,
.
,
.
 C HA PT ER IV

THE M I LL E NN I UM
T h o u h as t de s t ro ye d it ,
T he b e a u t fu w o r d, i l l
W i th p o w e rfu lfit s

In ru n i ’
tis h ur eld ,

By t he b l ow ofa i
de m go d sh a tte re d l
Th e s ca t t e re d

Fra g me n ts i n to th e vo id w e c a rry,

pl i
De o r n g
Th e b e a ut y p i e r s he d b e yo n d re sto r n g .i
Mi g ht i e r
Fo r t h e ch i ld re n o f me n ,
B rig h tlie r
il
B u d it a ga n , i
IN T HI E OW N B N OSOM BUILD 1T A NEw

A CA R DI A N L do ct ri n e am o n g t he my s tic s was t he imm in

e n c e o f t he Mill e n n i u m n o t t he m a t e ri a l n o tio n o f Ch ri st s
’

de sce n t u po n a clo u d t he c atch in g u pward o f , “

Ch ri sti an s an d t he de st ru cti o n o f thi s wicke d wo rld b u t t he

, ,

o i n i o n o f O rige n th at i n s t ead o f a fi n al a n d de s p e ra t e c o n
p ,

flic t b e tw e e n P agan i sm an d Ch ri sti an ity t he Mill e n n i u m ,

w o u ld co n si st o f a grad u al e n lighte n m e n t an d in vo l u n t ary ,

ho mage p aid by t he se c u l ar p o w e rs to Chri sti an ity .

1

The an ticip a t e d r e ig n o f G o d w as e xp re s se d by a cr o ss
G i bb v th t th d t i f Ch i t ig p ’
1
b
on o se r e s a e th t
oc r ne t d o rs s re n u on e ar , re a e

at fi t
rs as a p f d ll g y w
ro o un a e id d b y d g
or , d b tf l
as c o n s d e re e re e s a s a ou u an

l
use e s s o pi i d w
n o n, a n t l gt h j te d
as a then b d i v ti fh
re e c y as e a s ur n en on o e re s

an df ti i m
an a c s ( D cl i
. e d F l l xv )
ne a n a , .

ss
5 6 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
s ur mo u n t e d ph e re an d thi s e m bl e m has b e e n fo u n d in pap e r
s ,

m ad e as e arly as I30 1 In t he c o u rse o f lat e r c e n t u ri e s t he

.

p ri m itive a n d si m pl e fo rm s w e re grad ually e m b e lli sh e d with

s u ppl e m e n t ary sym b o l s e vid e n c e th a t t he s pi rit u n d e rlyi n g
,

th e se t rad e -m ark s w as n o t m e re m im ic ry b ut a livi n g an d

,

i n t e llige n t traditio n In fig 12 8 t he ball an d Cro ss o f

. .

g rad u al enlighte n m e n t app e ars in plac e o f t he c ro ss o f Lu x

at t he s u m m it o f a c an dl e stick .

T he d e vi se r o f fig 12 9 e xpr e sse d t he u n ive rsal S p read o f

.

Ch ri sti an ity by e xte n di n g a c ro ss t o e ach o f t he fo u r q uarte rs

o f t he gl o b e . The i n iti al s IC o bvi o u sly i m ply J e su s Ch ri s t
. .
,

a n d in fi 132 t he e age rly e xp e ct e d re ig n o f Sw e e t n e ss an d

g .

Light is i n dic at e d by t he H e art an d t he Fl e u r de Lys The .

K in gd o m o f H eave n w as fre qu e n tly p o i n t e d by t he i n t ro

 TH E M I LL E NN I UM 57

du cti o n o f
Cre sc e n t i n to t he ci rcle The c apital A if
a .
,

with a V S hap e d cro ss st ro ke st o o d fr e qu e n tly fo r A v e ;

- -
,
1

a n d th u s fig 1 m b read as fi v e Millen a rium a n o ld

'

35 .a
y e ,

wo rl d m o de o f e xp re ssi n g t he aspi rati o n “

Thy Ki n gdo m ,

c o me .

With t he glo be an d c ro ss o f t he Mille n n i u m are fre

q u e n tly asso ci ate d the H o ly Hill s as in t he e xam pl e s b e l o w
, .

Th ese e mble m i se t he p ro ph e cy “
It sh all c o m e t o p ass
'

th at t he m o u n t ai n o f t he h o u se o f t he Lo rd sh all b e e stab

lishe d in t he to p o f t he m o u n t a i n s,
it s h all b e e x al te d an d

ab o ve t he hil l s ; a n d t he p e o p l e S h all flo w u n t o it A nd .

m an y n ati o n s s h al l c o m e an d say C o m e a n d le t u s go u p
, , ,

to t he m ou n ta i n o f t he Lo rd an d t o the h o u se o f t he G o d
,
—

of J acob ; a n d he wil l te ach u s o f his w ay s an d w e wi ll ,

wal k in his p aths : fo r t he law sh all go fo rth o f Zi o n an d ,

t he w o rd o f t he L o rd f ro m J e ru sal e m A n d he s hall j u dge .

amo n g ma n y p e op l e a n d re b u k e s t ro n g n a t i o n s afar o f
, f
an d th e y s h all b e a t th e i r sw o rd s i n t o pl o w s h are s an d th e i r ,

sp ears i n t o p ru n i n g h o o k s n a ti o n s h all n o t lift u

- a sw o rd
p
1
v
O l
e r th e a ta r to th e V i gi
r n in the C hurc h of S t G udu e , l
l
Brusse s, th e re a pp e ars th e c iph er i
h e re w th . It re a ds, fo rwa rd
a n d b ac k ward, AV MA R IA .
 5 8 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
g i t n ati o n n e ith e r s h all th e y l earn war an y m o re Bu t
a a ns ,
.

th e y sh all sit e ve ry m an u n de r his vi n e an d u n de r his fig

t re e an d n o n e S hal l mak e th e m afraid : fo r t he m o u th o f
t he L o rd o f h o s t s h a th sp o k e n it Fo r all p eo pl e will walk
.

e v e ry o n e in t h e n am e o f h is od a n d w e will walk in
g ,

t he n am e o f t he L o rd o u r G o d fo r e v e r an d e v e r In .

th a t day sa ith t he Lo rd will I asse m bl e he r th a t h alte th

, , ,

an d I wil l ga th e r he r th a t is d rive n o u t an d he r th a t I ,
‘
h ave afllic te d ; an d I will ma ke he r that h alte d a re m nan t ,

an d he r th at w as c as t fa r o fl a s t ro n g n a tio n : a n d t he
'

Lo rd s hall re ign o ve r th e m in m o u n t Zi o n fro m h e n ce fo rth ,

e v e n fo r e v e r
” 1
.

In t he a b o ve m ark s is p o rt ray e d t he e age rly e xp e cte d

Ki n g wh o was to r ul e in Zi o n Fig I39 c arryi n g t he sc al e s
. .
,

o f J u s tic e an d t he sw o rd o f t he Spi rit is c ro w n e d with a ,

t re fo i l an d fig 140 b e ari n g t he gl o be an d c ro ss is appar

.
, ,

e n tly e xt e n di n g o n e h an d in b e n e dicti o n T he sc e pt re b o r n e.

by fig 14 1 is tipp e d s ign ific an tly with t he Fl e u r de Lys

.

o f L ight .

The de vi se r o f fig 14 2 has i n dic at e d t he r e ig n o f L ight

.

by t he e xte n si o n high an d lo w o f the L ux cro ss The

, , .

l e tt e r R withi n the circl e was t he S ign o f t he City o f Re

Mi h iv 1 7
1 ca .
-
.
 TH E M I LL E NN I UM 59

ge n e ratio n an d t he i n itial s I R s to o d in all pro b abi l ity fo r

,
. .

J e su s Re de m ptor Thi s c o m bi n e d I R ( in fig 14 4 it is
. . . .

h all owe d by a cross) m ay b e see n c arv e d o n a fragm e n t o f

sto n e t rac e ry lyi n g t o da in t he gard e n
-
f t h M u sé e
y o e

Cl u n y at Pari s a re lic fro m so m e a n ci e n t ro o d-scre e n o r

,

bal u st rade Fig 14 5 sh o ws t he two i n itial s c o m bi n e d i n to

. .

a mo n ogram , an d fig 14 6 (which is take n f ro m a sp e ci m e n

.

o f s e v e n t e e n th -c e n t ury d o m e s tic s t ai n e d gl ass h o ws

) S a

v ari ati o n o f thi s m o no gra m .

A n e ight ee n th -c e n t u ry Ital i an an tiq u ary su rm i se d th at

t he ca pital M fo u n d fre q ue n tly o n a n ci e n t ge m s an d s ign e t s
may h ave sto od fo r t he wo rd Millena rium ; an d t he fact 1

that thi s l e tt e r is com bi n e d fre qu e n tly with wate r-mark e d

G mm A tig F i i Fi o Ro m 17 57 p 2
1
e ce n ua Litt tera a ', ran c s c c ro n n , e, ,
. 1.
60 THE LO ST LAN GUAG E O F SYMB OL I SM
em bl e m s o f t he Mille n n i u m t e n ds to su pp o rt t he su p
p o s iti o n The c apital M o cc u rs in pap e r as early as 12 96
.

at t im e s it w as di sti n g u i s h e d by a c ro s s i t fig u re s f re q u e n tly
,

as t he go al o f a sc e n t a n d o cc as i o n ally it was c u ri o u sly i n t e r

,

bl e n d e d with t he gl o b e an d c ro ss an d t he l e tt e r A as in
figs . 154 an d 15 5.

The p reval e n c e o f Mill e n n i u m e mbl e m s p ro ve s ho w

ri fe w e re Mill e n ari a n ideas The am biti o n of m e di ae val
.

m y stici sm t o b ri n g ab o u t a p u rifi e d Ch ri sti a n C o mm o n

w e alth an d to o ve rtu rn what it b e li e ve d to b e t he do m i n i o n
,

o f A n tich ri s t is e m ph a tical ly e xp resse d in t he Roma nce

of th
'

,
e

Rose wh e re t he p o e t w rit e s
,
 THE M I LLE NN IUM
No p
o n e a a rt,

Sho uld lc aim t he fuln e ss f t hy he art o

,

B ut v e ry liv in g m n sho uld b e

e a

n e v ast frat e rn it y
J i
o n e d in o

Lo v i g t he h u m an rac e as o n e
n ,

Ye t giv in g sp e c ial lo v e t o n o n e
Me t e o ut s c h me asure as ye fain
u

Fro m t hers w o uld re c e i v e again

o .

It is b ec ause un ri
ght e o u s fo k l
Re fuse to b e ar t he ge n t e l y
o ke

O f t his fair lo v e ,
t hat it hat h b e e n
N e e dful t o se t t he j
g ud e as sc re e n

To shie ld t he w e ak again st t he st ron

g,
U p ho ld t he right, q uell t he w ro n g
an d .

Th e se so cial istic an d U topian id eas we re h e l d ve ry

wide ly amo n g t he commo n man of m e di e val E u rop e
“
,

an d it was t he att e m pt o f o u r E n gl i s h L o llard s to c arry

th em i n t o practical e ffe ct that bro u ght do wn u p o n Lo llardy

s uch di sast ro u s an d pro t racte d p erse c u tio n O n the .

Co n ti ne n t it is surp ri si n g that hi story re co rds n o atte m pt

t o e n fo rc e the Mill e n n i u m by t he sw o rd u n ti l 1524 wh e n ,

th e re bro ke o ut t he abortive re vo lu ti o n k n o wn as t he
Peasan t s W ar The figu re m o st pro m i n e n tly associ ate d
’
.

with thi s m o ve me n t is Th o m as M u n z e r a M aster o f A rts , ,

“
w ho fo u n de d a sec re t so ci e ty p le dge d by a
so l e m n o ath t o l a b o u r u n c eas i n gly fo r t h e p ro m o ti o n o f t he

n e w Ki n gd o m o f G o d o n e a rth 2 Ki n gd o m t o b e b ase d o n
,
”
t he m o de l of t he p ri m itive Chri s ti an Ch u rch
1
M u n z er .
,

wh o se ide as we re large ly de rive d fro m an iti n eran t w eave r

who in t he co u r se o f his trave l s had c o m e u n d e r t he
, ,

i n fl u en c e o f t he Bo h e m i an Bre th re n establi sh e d a sp e cial ,

p ri n ti n g p re ss fo r t he di sse m i n atio n o f his vi ews In flame d .

by t he p reachi ng o f M u nz e r s ap o stles an d go ade d by t he

’

1
E B lf t Bax Th P
. e or , t We L d
easa n s 899 p 239
’
a r, on o n, 1 , . .
62 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB O L I SM
o ppr essio n o f th e ir fe u dal su p eri o rs t he p e asan try o f
,
,

C e n tral E u ro p e ro se in i n su rre cti o n an d e stabli sh e d amo n g

“
th e m se lve s an Evan ge lic al Ch ri sti an B ro th e rh o o d In .
”

th e ir Tw elv e A rticles th ey an no u n c e d t he rights o f t he

co mmo n m an c o n de m n i n g t he ab u se s o f t he ti me s as
,

u n b e c o m i n g a n d u n b ro t h e rly ch u rli s h a n d n o t acc o rdi n g ,

t o t he wo rd o f G o d
”
“ “
Chri st th e y co n te n de d
. h ath , ,

p urch ase d an d r e dee m e d u s all with His p re cio us blo od ,

t he p o o r hi n d as w e ll as t he high e s t n o n e e xce pt e d , .

Th ere fore do we find in t he Script u r e that w e are free ,

a n d w e will b e f ree N ot that w e wo u l d b e who lly free as

.

h avi n g n o au thority o ve r u s for thi s G o d doth no t t each ,

us . W e shall l ive in obe die n c e an d n o t in the fre e do m of ,

o u r fle shl prid e sh all love G od as o u r Lord s hall e st ee m

y
o u r n e ighbo u r s as broth e r s a n d do t o th e m as w e wo u ld ,
”
h ave th e m do to u s .

Fo r six m o n th s t he ign ora n t a n d m i sg u ide d p e asan try

h e l d th e i r o wn sacki n g an d de stro yi n g cas tle s an d con ve n ts
, ,

an d co mm itti n g d e plo ra ble e xc e sse s Upo n fe u dali sm .

re ga i n i ng t h e u e rhan d o f h a n gi n g an d b e h e adi n g th e re
pp ,
”
“
was n o e n d o r as a n o th e r c o n t e m p o rary e xpr e sse d it
, ,
It
was all so th at e ve n a sto n e had b e e n m o ve d to pity fo r ,

t he ch asti se m e n t a n d v e n ge an c e o f t he c o n q u e ri n g l ord s
1 ”
w as grea t .

Withi n t e n years o f t he su pp re ssi o n o f t he Peasan ts ’

ri s i n g E uro pe wit ne sse d a n o th er e ffo rt t o i m p o se fo rcibly a

,

m ate rial Ki n gdo m o f Chri s t A gro u p o f fana tic s re i n force d .

,

by e n th u si ast s a n d p o litic al di sc o n t e n t s fro m vari o u s p arts

o f E u ro p e fo rtifi e d th e m se l v e s withi n t he city of M un s te r
, ,

an d p roc lai me d it “
t he new J e r usal e m t he City o f ,

R e ge n e ra ti o n the th o u sa n d years Ki n gdo m acc o rdi ng

,
’

u n t o H is H o ly pl ea s u re
”
.

,
1
Th mb
e nu f vi t i m t th i t g i l i
er o c tis h b o pl d b y s ra ca nsurre c on as e en ac e

so m hi t i
e h ig h
s o r a ns as as
 THE M I LLE NN I UM
It is dl e ss to c o n s ide r t he se q u e n t e ve n t s in M un ste r
n ee
,

as ,
with t he e xc e pti o n o f a s m all b u t n o i sy m i n o rity t he ,

m ys tic s rigo ro u sly c o n d e m n e d t he u se o f c arn al w e ap o n s ,

“
a n d d e p re c a t e d as wild m e n t he advo c at e s o f phys ic al
fo rc e T he s i e ge o f M un s te r n o t o n ly s ta n ds o u t ho w
.
,

e v e r as o n e o f t he m o s t re ma rka bl e a n d ro m a n tic e pi so d e s
,

in hi sto ry b u t has a n add e d i n t ere s t in t he p ro b ability th at

,

it w as t he basi s a n d i n spi rati o n o f J o h n B u n ya n s Holy ’

Wa r In t he e ye s o f B u n yan t he Mo n ste rist s w e re t he

.

sa i n t s o f G o d wa rri n g agai n s t t he p o w e rs o f thi s w o rl d

a n d of S atan .

A mo n g t he royal i n sig n ia m an u fact u re d at Mo n ste r fo r

t he p o p ul a rl y e l e cte d Ki n g o f Zi o n w as a go ld e n ball .

O n t he b all say s Mr Bax w as ag olde n c ro ss o n which

”

, ,
‘
we re t he wo rd s A Ki n g o f Righteo u s n e ss eve rywh ere
,
.
’

O n t he fall o f M un s te r t he lea d e rs o f t he m o ve me n t we re
,

ski n n e d al iv e with re dh o t pi n c e rs a n d t he rank a n d file

,

su ffe re d t he c u sto mary m as sac re .

Hi sto ry d o e s n o t re c o rd any f u rth e r att e m pt s t o i m pose

t he Mil l e n n i u m by t he sw o rd b u t t he e vid e n c e o f trad e
,

mark s p ro v es ho w e xt e n s ive ly d u ri n g su b se q u e n t c e n t u ri e s
Mille nary n o ti o n s we re e n t e rtai n e d .

The h an d s c lasp e d in b ro th e rl y co n c o rd n e e d n o c o m
64 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
m e n t ; an d in fig 157 th e ir m e an i n g is
. f u rth e r p o i n t e d by
t he a dditi o n o f t he h e art an d c ro ss .

T he s ym pathi e s o f
K o m e n sky l ean e d i n e vitably to ward s
t he c o mm o n m a n He figu re s him in The La byrinth as
” '

p re se n ti n g a p e titi o n o f his m an ifo ld gri e van c e s sh o wi n g ,

his w eal s strip e s a n d wo u n d s a n d b e ggi n g fo r so m e t e

, , ,

m i ss i o n o f b e i n g so d rive n an d h aras se d that bl o o dy swe at

ran d o w n him .
“
The c o mm o n man is i n fo rm e d by t he
Co u n cil o f Au th o rity that as he app are n tly do e s n o t appre
,

c iat e lt he favo u r o f his s u p e riors he m u st acc u stom hi m se lf

,

to th e i r fero c ity b u t t he c o n ce ssio n is i ro nically gran te d

“
that if by willi ng n e ss c o m pl i an ce an d t ru e attach m e n t
, ,

t o his su p e ri o rs a n d ru l e rs he can s u cc ee d in gai n i n g th e i r

favo ur he S h all b e all o we d to e nj o y it

,
1
.
”

Bu t t he w o rki n g m e n of t he Middl e Age s we re i n do m i

tabl e opti mi st s an d th ey co n ti n ue d to an ch o r th e i r h o pes
,

u po n t he i mm i n e n c e o f Ch ri s t s c o m i n g In fig 160 t he
’
. .

A n ch o r o f H o p e p o i n ts upward t o t he glo be an d c ro ss an d ,

t he cro s s u p o n fig 161 stam p s it as t he B an n e r of Chri s t

.

an d t he S ig n o f H is t ri u mph .

Bo th th e se s tan dards are tipp e d with t he tre fo il an d t he ,

s tream e rs in fig 162 weav e th e m se lv es i n t o t he f o rm o f

.

an S . T he l e tt e r S sto o d fre q u e n tly fo r Spirit u s a n d in it s ,

1
Pp . 183- 184.
 T HE MI LLE NN IUM 65

p re se n t co n te xt may be re ad as an e m bl e m o f t he p assage ,

Wh e n t he e n e m y s hall co m e in like a fl o o d t he Spirit o f

t he Lo rd S h all lift u p a st an dard agai n s t h im A n d t he .

Re de e me r sh all c o me t o Zi o n an d u n to th e m th at t u rn fro m
tran sg re ssi o n in J aco b saith t he Lo rd Ari se S hi n e fo r thy
,
.
,

light is c o me and t he gl o ry of t he Lo rd is ri se n u p o n th e e
, .

Fo r b e h o l d t he dark n e ss s h all c o ve r the e arth and g ro ss

, , ,

dark n e ss t he p e o pl e b ut the Lo rd s hall ari se u po n th e e ,

1 ”
a n d h is gl o ry S h all b e se e n u p o n th e e The Z o f Zi o n is .

se e n o n fig 16 n d t he S o f Spirit u s o n fig 6
.
3 a ,
1 4 . .

It is h ard fo r u s livi n g in th e se sec u re an d co m

,
.

arat iv e l light d d y t r li t h wi tf l n e ss a n d
p y e n e n e a s o ea s e ,
e s u

e xp e ct ati o n with which t he m e diae v aI Tn yst ic s y e arn e d fo r

‘

”
t he bright n e ss o f Thy ri si n g M ak e h ast e th e y said
”
.
, ,

m ak e h as te m y b e l o ve d an d b e th o u like to a ro e o r t o a
, ,

yo u ng h art u p o n t he m o u n tai n s o f spic e s U n til t he day .

b reak a n d t he sh ado w s fle e away I will ge t m e t o t he

The
”
m o u n ta i n s o f m yrrh an d t o t he hill o f fran ki n c e n se .
2

e n li ht e n m e n t which t h e h e re tic s o f t he Middl e Age s u n d er

g
st o o d as t he Mill e n n i u m is k n o w n n o wad ay s as t he R e n ai s

I i h lix 9 2 ; Ix 1
1
sa a . 1 ,
0 .
, 2.

g fS l m viii 14 iv 6
2
S on o o o on . . .
66 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
c ; an d it m ay b e c o m p are d with th at Re de m pti o n
sa n e

fo r which says t he Ap o stl e Pa ul

,
all c re ati o n g ro an s an d
,

t ravail s in t he p ai n o f de s i re .

The p ri n t e rs m ark h e re with is a plan t b e i n g wate re d

’

f ro m t he ro se o f a wate ri n g po t an d t he m o tto reads DON EC

-
,

O PT A IA V ENIA NT
' ‘
U n til t he de si re d thi n g s c o me
,
Th e re .

can b e litt l e d o u bt as t o wh at w as i m pli e d by opta t a t he ,

d e si re d fo r thi n gs
-
”
B e fo re hav m g m e t with thi s e l o q u e n t
.

de vic e I w ro t e : Wh at w e c all t he R e n ai ssan c e w as me re ly

t he f ru iti n g o f a p lan t wh o se c u lt had b e e n t he ch e ri sh e d
wo rk o f c e n t u ri e s . It was n o t an u n t e n de d wil d
fl o we r b u t rath e r a plan t rare an d e xo tic ch e ri sh e d by
, ,

c e n t u ri e s o f blo o d an d tears 1
.
”

P ro ph e ci e s o f t he e xp e ct e d D aw n w e re as pl e n tifu l as
'

we re e m bl e m s ill u strati n g it a n d h o p e s of t he ble sse d

,

Au ro r a se em n e ve r to h ave fl agge d Figs 166 a n d 167 . .

ill u strat e t he Daw n app ro achi n g with he r bright s t reame rs ,

t he
“
fo re r u n n e r o f pleasan t t hu s w ho with her clear , ,

1
A N w Lig ht
e the R
on i p 2 en a ssa nce , . 12 .
 THE MI LLE NN I UM
an d gli ste n i ng be a m s b ri n gs fo rth th at bl e sse d day l o n g
,

wi sh ed fo r o f m an y 1 ”
A u ro ra o f t he Lati n s o r Eo s o f t he
.

G re e ks is ide n tical with t he Hi n do o U sh as

:

,
o f who m
thousan d years ago an I n dia n s i n ge r wrote
U sh as Da ught e r o f t he sk y,
Ho ld t hy ruddy light s o n high ;
B rin g us fo o d w it h daw n in g day, 2

Ric he s w it h t hy radian t
W hit e -ro b e d n ym p h o f mo rn i n g S k y, ‘

B rin g u s light , le t shado w s fly I

Lo , She c o m e s in c rim so n c ar,

Sc at t e rin g sple n do u r fro m a far ;
Fro m t he re alm s b e yo n d t he sun
In he r c hario t c o m e s t he Daw n ;
U shas in he r lo v e lin e ss
C o me s t o ro use u s an d t o ble ss !
'

1
Fa ma Fra tern ita tis, R C . .
, an o n . ( 1614
 THE LO ST LA N G UA G E O F SYM BOL I SM
Mo rt als in de v o t io n b e n d,
Hym n s a n d so n gs o f jo y asc e n d ;
U shas in he r radian t b e a ut y
C o m e s t o w ake us to o u r dut y;
B rin gs us b le ssin gs in he r c ar,
Driv e s all e v il t hin gs afar

W hit e —ro b e d da u ht e r o f t he sk y,
g
Ho ld t hy ru ddy light o n high,
Day b y day w it h da w n in g li ght
B rin g us b le ssin gs e v e r b ight r ,

B rin g us b lessin gs in t hy c a r,

Driv e t he shad es o f n i
ght a far l
1

The k e y s surm o u n ti n g t he e m bl e m o f
Lo ve in fig 168 .

we re t he sy m bol s o f J an u s ,
t he do o rkee p e r o f H eave n ,

wh o se na me fo rm o f Dian u s an d c o n tai n s t he
J A N US is a ,

sa m e ro o t as dies da It w as t he r61 e o f J A N US t o fli n g
y ,
.

op e n t he p o rt al s o f t he sk y an d libe rate t he Daw n so m e ,

ti me s r e pre se n te d by a wadi n g bi rd .

The wad e r s h e re with ( ibi se s c ran es o r h e ro n s) sym ,

2
,

b o lise d t he M o rn i n g b e c a u se s t an di n g in w ate r o r at t he
, ,

s e a sh o re th e y we re t he fi rst t o w e lc o me t he Daw n as
,

s he ca me u p fro m t he East Eith e r by i n te n ti o n o r .

i n t u iti o n Farqu haiso n s we ll-k n o w n pict ure Da w n re

,
'
’

pre se n t s a wast e o f wate rs an d a c ra n e fl appi n g u pward s .

1
R ig V e da ; Hymn to Us has , th e Da w n G o dde ss, fro m In dia n Po etry ,
p utt, pp . 20 , 2 2 .

2
Th e ib i s wa s a lso re v e re n c e d a s th e de s tro yer p
o f se r e n ts a nd th e
i
dr n k e r o fp u re w at e r . l
S ee P uta rc h , !s is and Osir is .
 THE M I LLE NN I UM 69

Am o n g t he E ypti a n s a bi rd k no w n a s t he b e n n u — a so rt
g ,

o f h e ro n — w as re gard e d as t he e m bl e m o f R e ge n e ra ti o n ,

an d b e t o k e n e d t he t e ari s i n g o f t he S u n t he re t u rn o f
-
,
1
O siri s t o the l ight .

7
1 0

The B ab o o n with u plift e d p aws w as t he e m bl e m o f

wi sdo m h aili n g t he u p ri si n g Daw n T h e b a b o o n w as .

ado pt e d as a n e m bl e m o f wi s do m fro m its s e ri o u s e xp re s

S io n an d h u man ways an d its habit o f chatte ri n g at t he

,

s u n ri se le d t o it s b e i n g re ve re n c e d as t he H ai l e r o f t he

Daw n .
2
bab o o n an d t he ibi s we re the e m bl ems o f
T he
Th o th t he re fo rm e r t he rege n e rato r and t he G o d o f
, , ,

writi ng an d le arn i n g The Egypti an s call e d t he ibi s a

.

techu a n d T EC H U was o n e o f t he n am e s o f Th o th ; t he
,

m o n th Th o th lik e o u r J an u ary d e rive d f ro m J A N US w as t he

, ,

fi rst o r op e n i n g m o n th in t he ye ar .

Cf Th R m f Sy mb li m S H th p 54
1
. e o a nce o o s , . ea ,
. 1 .

f A i t Eg p t W M Fli d P t i pp
2
R l ig i e on o n c en , 3 . . n e rs e r e, . 2 2, 2.

V OL . I .
6
 C HA PT ER V

THE G OOD S P I RIT

1‘
i i
Be fo re b e g n n ng a n d w th out a n i e n d,

p l
A s s ac e e te rn a a n d a s s ure ty s ure ,

ls fix ed a Po we r D ivi ne wh c h i mo ves to goo d

l
O n y its l a w s e n dure .
”

The L ig ht of A sia .

B EL IEF in t he e xi ste n ce of a b e n e fice n t o m n ipo te n t an d , ,

o m n i sci e n t Spi rit is an d has b e e n m o re o r l e ss u n ive rsal

, ,
.

The pri m itive r e ligi o n s o f Chi na Egypt M e xic o an d P e r u , ,

1
,

all e xhibit a p u r e m o n oth e i s m a n d a high s t an d ard o f e thic s

2
,

a n d M o n oth e i s m is S i m i larl y a pp ar e n t in t he ve ne rabl e

c o ll e ct io n o f I n di an hym n s an d le ge n ds k n o wn as t he Ve das
( circa 1 0 0 B C
5 .
) .

He t he Fat he r, made us all,

He t he R ule r, he a rs o ur c a ll,

He t he Fe e de r, fe e ds e ac h n at io n ,

Ev e ry c re at ure in it s st at io n

N am e s man y G o ds he be ars,
of

H e —
is o n e w e se e k b y p raye rs
”
.
3

El se wh e re t he Rig V eda a flirm s Th e re is O n e Exi st

e n c e sage s c all it by ma n y
,
na m e s a n d th e re is re aso n

1
C f Egyp tia n Re lig ion , E A W a s B ud ge
. . . lli .

2
Cf Th e Orig ina l Re lig io n of China , o h n Ros s
. J .

3
Rig V eda , x 82, fro m In dia n Poet ry , t ra n s b y Ro me sh Dutt,
. . p .
34
.

1
B ra h ma Kn ow ledg e, L E Ba rn e tt,. . p . 14 .

7O
 THE GOOD S PI RIT
to be lie ve th a t t he n u m e ro u s divi n iti e s o f Egypt we re
o rigi n ally lo c a l e xp re s s i o n s o f a n u n d e rlyi n g m o n o th e i s m .

Pl u tarch mai n tai n e d th at all t he n am e s o f the go ds re fe rre d

t o t he s a m e E sse n c e :
“
No t di ffe re n t Go d s fo r di ffe re n t
peo ple s n o t Barbarian a nd Gre e k n o t so u th e rn a n d
, ,

j
n orth e rn b u t u st as su n an d m o o n a n d e arth a n d se a are
,

c o mm o n to all th o u gh th e y are cal l e d by di ffe re n t n am e s

,
’

amo n g diffe re n t p eo pl e s so t o t he Lo go s th a t o rd e rs all

,

thi n gs an d to o n e Pro vide n c e that al so directs po we rs

,

ordai ne d to se rve u n de r he r fo r all p u rpo se s h ave diffe re n t ,

h o n o u rs an d titl es be e n give n acc o rdi n g to th e i r law s by

di ffe re n t n ati o n s 1
.
”

Al tho ugh it w as re co g n i se d amo n g G re cian m ystic s that

“ ”
Jove Pl u to P h oeb u s Bacch u s all are O n e
, , ,
2
a nd al th o u gh
, ,
i
M IC A H de picts t he Mille n n iun as e ve ry man walki n g in t he
n am e o f h is G o d addi n g w e wil l walk in t he n a m e o f t he
,

Lo rd o u r G o d 2
t he o ffi ci al c u s to di ans of Ch ri s ti a n ity
,
”

wo rke d su m marily t o s u pp re ss wh at th e y c o n de m n e d as ‘
h e re tical de pravity o f m i n d If a M an ich e e p asse d o ve r.

i n to t he Ch ri sti an sy st e m o f Co n stan ti n e he was re qu i re d t o

“
fo rswear his late asso ciat es with t he fo rm u la I c u rse th o se ,

p e rso n s who say th at Zo ro ast e r an d B u ddh a a n d Ch ri st , , ,

”
an d M an ich aes a n d t he S u n are all o n e a n d t he same
1
.
,

The phi l o so phic sy st e m k n o w n as t he Kabbal ah which ,

e xe rci se d a far-re achi n g in flu e n c e u po n t he th o u ght o f

E u ro p e du ri n g t he l ate r Middl e Age s n u m be re d se ve n ty ,

t wo t e r m s fo r t he G o dh e ad a n d with man y o f th e se na m e s
,

w e shall m e e t in t he c o u rs e o f t he pr ese n t i n q u i ri e s .

The ch aract e rs withi n fig 17 4 fo rm t he H e b re w

.

Te tragram m ato n o r fo u r l e t te re d m yste ry-n ame o f t he

-

C reative Po we r D e riv e d f ro m a n d c o m bi n i n g withi n

.

1
C f Pers ona l Re lig ion in Egyp t, W
. . M
. Fli d
n e rs i pp 22 3
Pe tr e , . 1 , 12 .

2
Th e G n os tics a n d their Rema ins, C . W . Ki gn , z ud c d p 3 .
, . 2 1.
3
iv .
5
.
1
Cf
. My stica l Tra ditio ns , I Co o . p O kl y p 286 e r- a e , . .
7 2 THE L O ST LA N G U A G E o r S YMB O L I SM
it se lf past p re se n t an d fu t u re fo rm s o f t he ve rb to
t he , ,

t he Te t ragrammato n w as r e v e re d as a sym b o l o f t he
”
be ,

i m m u t able I A M I t is fo u n d in th e o lo gi e s o th e r than
.

t he H e b re w an d in t he t rilite ral f o rm A U M was u se d as

,

a passwo rd in t he Egyptian m y ste ri e s I t was r egarde d .

am o n g M o h am m e dan s as an o m n ific syll ab l e wh o se e f fi cacy

c u re d t he bite s o f se rp e n t s an d res t o r e d t he l am e t he
, ,

m ai m e d an d t he bl i n d
, The B ra h m i n s m ai n t ai n th a t all
.

rite s o blati o n s an d sacrific e s will p ass away ; b u t th at

, ,

17 5

which p asse s no t away is t he syllabl e A U M S i n c e it is a ,

sy mb o l o f G o d t he L o rd o f c reat e d b e i n g s
1 ”
.
,

The c o m bi n ati o n o f A an d T h e re ill u st ra t e d is t he

H e bre w fo rm o f Aloha an d Omega T ( Ta u) b e i n g t he l as t ,

l e tt e r an d A (Alep h) t he firs t in t he H e bre w alph abe t

, .

T he sy m b o l o f t he Alp ha an d t he Omega t he Fi rst an d t he ,

f F m o y A G M k y ( ti l J h v h
1 “
C f A L xi
. e con o ree as n r , . . ac e ar c es e o a ,
”

Na m e o f G o d, ”
 TH E GOOD S P I RIT 73

Last , w as r e stricte d t o Ch ri sti an ity b u t has b e e n fo u n d

not ,

amo n g Egypti an
“ ”
do c u me n t s T he e xpre s si o n last is
.

ge ne rally m i su n de rsto o d in thi s c o n n e cti o n t he tru e r ,

i m plic atio n be i n g t he e n d o f t he last days an d t he dawn o f

a n e w e ra o r b e gi n n i n g
1
.

Re late d t o th e Alpha an d O me ga is t he fam ili ar D o v e .

The D o ve w as re gard e d as a sy m b o l o f t he Go o d Spi rit

b e c au se of t he ci rcle s o n it s thro at t he c o l o u rs o f Which
,

we re take n t o r e p re se n t t he S e ve n Spi rits of G o d o r rays o f

t he p ri sm c o n stit u te d by t he T ri n ity I t was al so u nd e r
2
.

”
sto od th at t he soft a n d i n s i n u ati n g voic e of t he tu rtle

was ch o o n earth o f t he v o ice o f G o d The Do ve w as

an e .
2

co n sid e re d t o b e an e q u ival e n t o f t he Al pha an d O m ega

be c au se t he n u m e rical val u e o f t he G re e k wo rd fo r D o v e ,

80 1 was t he same as t he n u me ric al v al ue of t he l e tt e rs A O

,
4
w ritte n backwards .

Fig 18 1 is t he w el l-k no w n mark o f Ch ri s to ph er Plan ti n

.
,

the gr ea t pri n te r The c o m passe s with o r with o u t t he

.
,

H an d o f G o d we re t he sign o f H im w ho fixe d t he earth

,

an d s k a n d m e as u re d o u t t he firm am e n t Th e r e is a
y ,
.

1
. il
Cf E n cy clope dia of Religio n a n d E thics ( a rt c e s A a n d O) .

2
Ki
Clo thed w ith the S u n , A n n a p
n g sfo rd , 29 8 . .

3
S o lo mo n a n d S o lomon ic Litera t ure, Mo nc ure D Co n way, . p . 12 3
.

4
Frag men ts of a Fa ith Fé rg otteit , G R S Me ad ,
. . . p .
74 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB O L I SM
f
re e re n e c in P ro ve rb s to t he C re ato r p re pari n g t he H e ave n s
1

an d se tti n g a c o m p ass u p o n t he f ac e o f t he de e p It is said .

th at t he co mpasse s t w o p o i n ts re p re se n t spi rit an d matte r

’

life an d fo rm fro m th e se all t he c o m pl e xitie s o f t he

fl e e ti n g e v e r ch an gi n g ma n tl e o f t he o n e -life are p ro d u c e d
,
-

withi n t he ci rcl e se lf-i m po se d by t he B e i ng who has de cr e e d

,

t he b o un d s o f H is U n ive rse o r H is Sy s te m .

The au th o rs o f The Perfect Way po i n t o u t that am o n g

t he sym b o l s an d i n sig n i a o f t he Egypti a n God s n o n e is

m o re fre q u e n tly d e pict e d th an t he Sph e re Thi s Sph e re

.

i l l u strate d be lo w— was t he e m ble m o f creative M o tio n ,

b e c au se M an ife sti n g Fo rc e is ro tato ry ; be i ng in fact t he ~

“
wh e e l o f t he Spi rit o f Life d e sc rib e d by E Z EK IEL as a
”

wh e e l withi n a wh e e l the wh o le syste m o f t he u n ive r se

,
”

fro m t he plan e t to it s u lti mate particle re vo l vi n g in t he

sam e m an n e r 2
.

1
viii . 27 .
3 P
. 167 .
 T H E GO O D S PI RIT 75

Th e i nse ct ill u stra te d in figs 188 and 189 is t he .

Egyptian Sc arabae us t he sym b o l o f se lf e xi ste n t B e i n g

,
i
.

The sca rab ae us was wo rs hipp e d an d re ve re d b e ca u se o f t he

i ride sce n t beau ty o f its wi n g sh eath s b ut mo re partic u larly
-
,

on a cco u n t o f it s p e c ul iar h abit o f m o u l di n g m u d p e lle ts .

“
Th e re are m an y th at t o thi s day say s P l utarch , ,

be l i e ve that t he be e tle ki n d h ath n o fe mal e b u t th at t he ,

male s c ast o u t th e i r s p e r m i n to a ro u n d p e l le t o f ea rth ,

which th ey ro l l ab o u t by th rusti ng it backward with th e i r

hi n de r part— an d thi s in imitatio n o f t he Su n which while ,

it m o ve s
fro m we st t o east t u r n s t he h eave n t he co n tra ry
,
1 ”
way . The Egyptians c all e d t he scarabae u s Chep era a ,

wo rd which is al so t he Egyptian fo r B e i n g .
” 2

In fig 190 t he Scarab is asso ci at e d with a t wo -h e ad e d

.

—
Eagle t he sym b o l o f O m n ip o te n ce 1
1
The tw o -h eade d .

eagl e w as w o r s hipp e d by t he Hittit e s as t he e m bl e m o f t he

1
!s is a ndOsiris .

2
Re n o uf, Iiibbert Lec tur es , p . 2 17 .

3
The Mig ra tion of Sy mbols , G d Alv ie lla ,
.
’
p . 2 1.
7 6 THE LO ST LA NG U AG E O F SYMB O L ISM
Ki n g of
H eave n an d t he Hittite Bird o f t he Su n is said t o
,

b e t he m agic Ro c o f O ri e n tal m yth o lo gy I t w as a roc .

t he m ortal e n e m y o f se rp e n ts— th at c arri e d Si n db a d t he

Sailo r to an altitu de so gre at th at he lo st sight of earth ,

an d it was a Ro c th at tra n sp o rte d him i n to t he vall e y

o f di amo n d s C e n tral Am e rican myth o logy reco rds t he

1
.

“
e xi s te n c e of a g re a t bird c al l e d Voc an d asso ci ate s it ,

with a se rp e n t swall o wi n g e pi so de
- 2
The A u strali an n ative s .

b e li e ve that bi rds we re t he o rigi n al go d s and that t he ,

eagl e e s p e ci all y is a g re a t c reative p o w e r

3
.

Mr An d re w Lan g w ho re pro du c e s in Custom a nd Myth

,

o f t he
“
an i ll u stra ti o n N o rth Am e rican Th u n d erbird ,

o b se rve s that Re d I n dian s h ave al ways as far as E u rop ea n ,

k n o wle dge goe s b ee n in t he habit o f u si ng pict u re w riti n g

,

fo r t he p u rp o se o f re ta i n i n g th e ir le ge n ds p o e m s an d , ,
‘
i n can tati o n s The e agle was ide n tifie d with Z EUS t he
.

Th u n de re r an d t he E urop ean Spread Eagle (see fig 19 2)

,
- .

acc o rd s v e ry c l o se l y with t he Re d-I n di an Th u n d e rbi rd as

illu strat e d in fig .
3

D u ri n g t he M o saic pe rio d t he e agl e was re garded as an

e m b l e m of t he H o ly Spirit an d it s p o rt rayal with two ,

A 1
di g t S w d b g p
c c or n o i t e i g i fy pi itu l truth d
en or , re c o us s o n e s s n s r a s , an

th me umon t f Eg ypt
en s o ll p i t h d t ca f t th Cf Th
re c o us s o n e s ar s o ne s o ru . . e

S i fC
c en ce o p d c E M del y p 363
orres on e n es , . a e , . .

The Popo l V u h , the My s tic a n d

2
Heroic S ag as of the R iches o f
Cen t ra l A merica , L S e nc e , 20 . p p . .

3
Custo m a n d My th, A Lan g, 54 . p . .

4
P 294
. .

5
Fro m Cus to m an d My th ,
p . 29 8.
 TH E GOOD S P I RIT 77

h e ads is said to h av e re co rde d t he do u bl e porti o n o f Spi rit

m irac u lo usly b e s towe d u p o n Eli sha D an te re fe rs to t he
.

eagle as t he Bird of G o d an d pictu re s t he spirit s o f j u st

,

pri n ce s as form i n g t h e ir ho st s i n to t he figu re o f an eagle .

“
Lo ! ho w up t o He a v e n he ho l ds t he m reare d,
st rai
ht
g
W in n o w ing t he air w i t h t ho se e t e rn al pl ume s 1
”
.

In H e ral dry o n e so m e ti me s c
en o u n e s t r an gle
ea o n t he

su m m it o f a The Ladde r is
ladd e r . t he Scala p erfi ctionis,
an d t he e agl e is t he g o al o f t he Vi si o n .

O ccasi o nally t he de vi se rs o f eagl e ble m s em ph asi se d em

t he p u rp o se o f th e i r d e s ig n s by a ddi n g a s u ppl e m e n t ary

sy m b o l of t he Gr ea t Spi rit The C ro ss an d Th re e Circl e s

.

1
Pu rga tory , Can t o II.
78 THE LO ST LAN GUAG E O F SYMB OLIS M
in fig an d bre as t
t he of fig 194 re p re se n t t he
. 1
95 ,
on .

thre e fo ld De ity, “
th at Tri n iti e an d U n itie which thi s

196

gl o bo us t ri angle in a m o rtall immo rtall figur e re p re se n ts .

No te in fig 196 t he Ol ive w reath o f Peace an d t he h eart

.

Of Lo ve .

The mo d e rn p aw n bro ke r s S ign is a degrade d su rvival

’

o f rms
t he a of t he M e dici fam i ly an d su b se q u e n tly o f
Lo m b ardy . The th re e go l de n s ph e re s o n c e re pre se n te d
1
Microcosmus , Purcha s . Lo ndo n , I6I9.
 T H E GOO D S P I RIT 79

t he triple P erfe cti o n go l d be i n g t he pe rfe ct me tal a n d t he

, ,

sph e r e o r circl e t he p erfe ct fo rm In fig 17 8 ( p 7 2 ) . . .

t h e s e th re e C i rcl e s o f p e rfe cti o n are asso ci ate d with t he

Ale ph -Tau .

T he th ree p ri n cipl e s o f t he D ivi ne E sse n c e we r e al so

po rt raye d by a clo ve r-le af Th e re is a traditi o n th a t St .

Patrick p re achi n g t he do ctri n e o f t he Tri n ity t o t he pagan

,

I ri sh pl u cke d a S ha m ro ck a n d e m pl o ye d it as an o bj e ct
,

le sso n Bu t t he wo rd sha mra hh is Arabic an d t he tre fo il

.
,

0 r th ree -l o b e d le af is a sy m b o l m o re an ci e n t an d mo re
wide ly spread th an Ch ri s ti an ity The D e ity has ve ry .

ge ne rally b ee n co n c e ive d as Thr ee fo l d an d in t he ru i n e d ,

t e mp les o f b o th Eas t an d We st t he tre fo i l e m ble m is

ab un da n t .

The n u mb e r fb ur a n d t he q u adrifoil we re h e ld as sac re d

t o t he S u pre m e Spi rit as was t he n ii mb er three T he p o t e n t .

Te trag ram mato n was a four l e tte re d wo rd an d al m ost all -

,

p e ople s of an tiq u ity p o sse sse d a n am e fo r t he D e ity co m

p o se d o f four le tte rs A mo ng t he G n o stic s t he S u p re m e
1
.

2
B e i n g was de n o te d by four O n thi s sac ro san ct fig u re t he
.

1 i
A ss yr an A A ; Egy t an A MD D pi
; Pe rs an S IR E ; G re e k THE UN
; i OS
i
La t n DE US O
; G e rman G TT ; Fre n c h D IE ; Turk s h E A R ; A ra b an U i S i
LL
A A H Cf Nu m bers . Their Occult Po w er a n d My stic V ir tue, W W yn n .

W e stc o tt , p . 22 .
2 The Gnostics, C . W . K i n g, z ud c d. , p .
30 7 .
80 THE LO ST L A N GUA G E O F SYMB OL I SM
oa th w as ad mi n i s te re d am o n g t he Pythago rean s an o ath ,

which is give n by Jamblichu s as fo ll o w s

By t hat p ure q uadrilit e ral N a me n high o
,
N at u re s e t e n al fo un t ai a d supply
’
r n n
,
T he pare n t f all so uls t hat liv in g b e
o

By it w it h fait hful o at h I sw e ar t o t he e 1
, .
”

O n e r easo n fo r thi s re ve re n c e o f t he fig u r e fo u r was

t he p e rfe ct e q u ality o f t he fo u r s id e s o f a sq u are no n e o f ,

t he bou n di n g l i ne s e xce e di n g the oth e r s by a si n gle po i n t .

2

H e nc e it be c ame a ge o m e trical sy mbo l o f t he Eq u i ty and

J u stice of t he D ivi n ity in Wh o m n ou ght u ne qual dwe lls
“
,
3
.
”

T he ge o me trical 4 was u se d n o t i n fre q u e n tly t o d e n ote

t he su p re m e p o i n t a n d pi n nacl e o f asce n t It is th u s e m .

pl o ye d in figs 20 4 an d 2 0 3 In t he l att e r t he i n itial s LR

. . .

wi l l de n o te J e su s Re de m pto r .

1
C f A L xic
. e of Fon m y M a k
ree y p 348
as on r , c e , . .

il d H P Bl v t k y i 9
’

2 Ii U
s s nv e e . a a s .
, .
, .

3 O n an ld h
o i P bl
o us e i a n vi g f th m l 4 upp t d
ee es s c ar n o e nu e ra s or e

b y m l a d f m l fig e
a a e n e a eTh i rip t i
ur . e ds W l v Eq ui ty
e nsc on r a e o e
”
.
 THE GOOD S P I RIT
S o m e ti me s t he 4 is d u p l icat e d so that it reads e ith e r
,

u pw ard s o r d o w n ward s A co rre spon de n t has sugge sted

.

th at t he circl e in fig 2 0 6 re p re se n ts t he ro u n d w o rld an d
.
,

th at t he two fo u rs sy m bo l i se t he p assage Whith e r sh all

“
,

I go fro m thy Spi rit ? o r whith e r sh all I fle e fro m thy

p re se n ce ? If I asc e n d u p i n to h ea ve n thou art th e re : if ,

I m ak e my b e d in h e ll b e h o ld thou art
, , The Eagl e
h e re with is mark e d with t he u pward an d t he down ward 4 .

Amo ng t he sym b o ls of a n tiqu ity pro b ably t he m o st

wide ly di st ribu te d is t he four l i m b e d cro ss with l i ne s at

-

right an gl e s t o each l i m b k n ow n as t he sv a stika It is .

,
—
fo u n d in Sc an di n avi a P e rsi a I n dia, M e x ic o Pe r u G re e ce
, , , , ,

Sc o tlan d an d in t he p re hi storic b urial-gro u n ds of N o rth

,

Ame rica wh er e it app ears al ways t o hav e be e n asso ciate d

,

with su n -wo rship The m e an i ng m o st u su ally assig n e d t o

.

“
it is It is we ll t he San s k rit wo rd h avi ng in it t he roots
,
“
to b e
”
an d
“
we ll Mrs G F Watt s de scribe s it . .

a S ig n o f b e n e fic e n ce i n dic ati n g th at t he m az e O f l ife

“
as

m ay b e wilde r b u t t he p ath o f Light r u n s th ro u gh it

,
‘
It is w ell is t he nam e o f t he path an d t he k e y to life
’

P alm xxxix 7 —10

1
s c . .
'
82 THE LO ST LAN G U AGE O F S YMB OL I SM
t
e e rn a l is in t he t
s ran ge labyri n th fo r those wh o m G od
”
l e ade th .
1

I T he sv a stika is to be se e n wo ve n i n to t he ce n tre s o f t he
labyri n th in e de sign s ill u st rate d in figs 2 0 8 an d 2 0 9 Th ese
. .

t rac eri e s k n o w n in Italy as S o lo m o n s K n o ts o cc ur in

,
’

m o re o r l e ss c o m plic ate d fo rm s an d are fre q u e n tly t o b e

,

se e n on C e ltic c ro sse s With o u t begi n n i n g an d with o ut

.

a n e n d th e y we re re gard e d as e m bl e m s o f t he D ivi n e I
,
n

s c ru t ability an d it w as n o t u n u su al t o tw i s t th e m i n t o S p e cific
,

fo r m s so th at th e y c o n stit u te d su ppl e me n tary sym bo l s

Th W d in th P tte
1 e or p 5 e a rn , . 1 .
 THE G OOD S P I RIT
withi n sym b o l s . As a l
th e y we re trace d in a th re e
ru e

o r fo u rfo ld fo r m ,
b u t fig 2 15— a p e c u li arly i n ge n i o u s e x
.

ce pti — is
on an u n e n di n g traci n g o f thr e e tripl e t s o f c l o v e r

l e ave s t he c e n tre is a fiv e-raye d star an d t he wh o l e is in

, ,

t he for m of a flow e r .Fig 2 16 al so form s t he fl o we r an d

.

s ta r
. Fig 2 18 is a t re fo il asso ci at e d with t he Lux c ro ss
.

an d t he i n iti al s of J e su s R e d e m pt o r .

The fo u rfo ld m ean der in t he ce n t re o f fig 2 19 is .

trace able t o I n di a an d is occa si o n ally fo u n d as in fig 2 20

,
.

in t he fo rm of a Cal vary Figs 2 2 1 an d 2 2 2 S h o w vari an t s

. .

o f t he sa m e idea . Th e re is an i n te re s ti n g e xam pl e o f K n o t
carvi n g o n the fo n t in D o ll o n Pari sh Ch u rch wh e re t he,
84 THE LO ST LA NG U AGE O F SYM B O L I SM
ar chite ct wov e n a se ri e s Of fig ure s e ight— e ight as has
has ,

bee n m e n ti o n e d be i n g t he sym bo l o f Re ge n erati o n

, .

In The La byrinth Ko me n s ky s tre n gth e n s his fe ll o w

su ffe re rs with t he assu ran c e “
W e h ave a mo s t watchf u l ,

gua rdian p ro te cto r de fe n de r— t he Al m ighty G o d Hi mse lf

, ,
”
t he re fo re le t u s rej o ic e .
1

Fig 2 2 3 de pict s t he fo re see i n g watchf u l an d u n slee pi n g

.
, ,

Eye of t he Al m igh t y an e m bl e m fam ili ar t o I n di a an d,

k n ow n in Egypt as t he Eye o f H o ru s o r o f OS IR IS The .

watche r Hi m sel f was sym b o l i se d by t he Pan th e r o r

Le opard pre su m ably b e ca use o f the e ye-lik e sp o ts u p o n
2
,

it s ki n In Egypt t he S p o tt e d S ki n o f a l e o p ard was

s .

a lway s s u sp e n d e d n e ar t h e i mage s o f OS IR IS w ho was ,

hi m se l f r e p re se n te d as a crou chi n g leo p ard surm o u n t e d by

an o p e n e ye The n am e OS IR IS is said by Pl u tarch t o h ave
.

be e n u n de rsto o d as O s ma n y an d IR I e ye i e t he man y , . .

3 ”
e ye d .

“
Figs 2 2 4 to 2 2 6 p o rtray t he I n c o m p re h e n sible O n e
.

fu rn i sh e d with i n n u m e rable e ye s wh o m all n at u re l o n ge th

aft e r in di ffe re n t ways 1
an d t he tail o f fig 2 2 4 is ,
”
.

1
P . 2 34 .

2
The t e rms Le o p a rd a n d Pa n th e r se e m t o ha v e b ee n us e d i diff tly
n e ren

an d i d i i mi
n sc r nate ly . Th e Le o p a rds
”
of He raldry a re s o me ti m p th
es an e rs

orli o n s, a nd t he p ’
a n th e r s sk n i of Ba c c h us an d Pan is s p tt d li k
o e e a

l p
'

eo a rd s
’
.

3
! sis a nd Os iris .
1
C f The G no s tics,
. Ki n g, p .
92 .
 THE GO O D S P I RIT
co n spic u ou sly twi ste d i n to t he fo rm o f a Fle ur de Lys .

It was a favo u rite de vice am o n g t he sym bo li sts t o u tili se

t he tai l s of th e i r sy m b o lic cre at u re s a n d n um e ro u s e xam ple s ,

o f thi s c u s to m are t o b e m e t with In t he p e r so n ality O f .

1

J e su s Ch ri s t t he m ystic s h aile d t he D ivi n e c u l m i n ati o n o f

all pre c e di n g typ e s an d De iti e s h e n c e J e s u s was so m e ti m e s ,

s p o k e n of as Rabbi Be n P a n th e r an d H e w as sa id t o h av e

bee n t he so n o f o n e Pa n th e r So me m ystic s assu m e thi s to .

b e a play u p o n t he G r ee k wo rd s p a n an d theos an d t o m e an ,
”
“
all t he G o d s
2
.

The O ld s u p e rstiti o n that t he b reath o f t he p an th e r was

so sw e e t l y fragran t th a t it al l u re d m e n b eas t s an d c att l e t o , ,

i n hale it w as in all pro bab il ity du e to a fo rgo tte n fab le

,
.

Breath means spirit an d in t he bre ath o f t he Pan th e r was pre

,

sumab l fig u re d t he sw e e t n e ss of t he Br ea th of L ife o r H o ly
y ,

Spirit Air b re ath an d wi n d we re wo rld wide sy n o n ym s

.
, ,
-

fo r sp irit an d in man y lan guage s t he w o rd s fo r so ul spi rit

, , ,

air an d br e ath are id e n tic al

, ,
3
T he S u p re me Spirit se e m s .

in man y dir e cti o ns t o ha ve bee n o rigi n ally c o nc e ive d as

Ge n tle Air an d Mighty Wi n d The S o u th A me rican .

I n dian s wo rshippe d HURA KA N t he m ighty wi n d wh e n ce

“
, ,

o ur w o rd
“
h urrican e J U P IT ER w as t he De ity o f wi n d
.
”

rai n and th u n de r an d t he native s o f Ne w Z eala n d regarde d

, ,

t he wi n d as an i n dic ati o n o f t he p re se n c e o f G o d
1
.

“ “
A hym n calle d b re a th o r ha ha , an i n vo cati o n to
t he m y stic wi n d is p ro n o u n c e d by M ao ri p ri e s t s o n t he
,
‘
i n itiati o n o f yo u n g m e n i n to t he tribal myste ri e s Am o n g .

t he re l igi o u s rit e s o f a n ci e n t n a tio n s n o ne w as m o re

u n ive rsal than t he u se o f an i m pl e m e n t k n ow n n o waday s in
”
“ “ “ “ ”
E n glan d as a swi s h b uz z e r whi z z e r bo o me r
,
”

, , ,
”

1
A w ll k ew Mi th i
- no
ymb l w
n b ll w i th th t ft f h i
ra c s t th o as a u e u o a r a e

en d f it t il tw i t d i t th
o s a bs e d d fn o re e ear e e a rs o c o rn .
2
Cl thed w ith th S
o A K i g f d p 34
e un , nn a n s or , . 1 .

3
C f R ligi
. eit O igi on d F m J O M c ll h p 7
s r n an or s, . . ac u oc ,
. 1 .

1
C t m us o d My th A L g p 36
an , . an ,
. .

V OL . I
.
86 THE LO ST LANG UAGE O F SYMB O L I SM
or b u ll ro are r Thi s p re se n t-day toy has be e n de scrib e d
.

by Pro fesso r H addo n as p e rh ap s t he m o s t an ci e n t widely ,

s pr ead an d sac re d re ligi o u s s y m bo l in t he wo rl d It

1
, .

c o n si sts o f a slab o f wo o d which wh e n ti e d to a pi e c e of ,

!

st ri n g a n d whi rl e d rapidly ro u n d e m it s a ro ari n g fl u tt e ri n g , , ,

a n d u n earth l y n o i se The A u st ra lian n a tive s amo n g wh o m

.
,

t he turn dum o r B u ll ro are r is s till in u se c lai m that it ,

e n abl e s th e i r so rc e re rs t o fly u o He ave n n e w o ma n
2
p t O .

be li e ve d tha t in t he so u n d of a b u llro are r she h eard t he

“
Au stral i a n Great Spi rit de sc e n d in a m ighty ru shi n g
”
no i s e .
3
The b u ll ro are r u se d alway s as a sacr e d in st ru ,

m e n t is sti ll e m p lo y e d in Ne w M e xic o
,
t he M al ay ,

Pe n i n su la Ce y lo n Ne w Z eala n d Africa an d Au stral ia

, , , , ,

a n d u n de r t he n a me o f Rhombus it fig u re d pr o m i n e n tly in

t he My st e ri e s o f A nci e n t G r e e c e Mr A n dre w Lan g .

de sc ribi n g an e xhibitio n at t he Ro yal I n stitu ti o n says tha t

wh e n fi rst t he b u l l ro are r wa s whi rl e d ro u n d it did n o thi n g
in p artic u lar b ut th at u p o n war mi n g t o it s wo rk it
,

pro d uce d wh at may b es t b e de sc ribe d as a m ighty ru shi n g

no i se as if so m e su p e rn a t u ral b e i n g fl utte re d a nd b uz z e d
’ 1
it s wi n gs with fe arf ul ro ar .

P ri m itive rac es i magi n e th at by m i m icki ng an y e ffe ct

th e y d esi re to p ro du c e th e y act u ally p ro d u c e it ; tha t t he
ma kin g o f a fire cau se s su n shi n e t he sp ri n kl i n g o f wate r ,

b ri n g s rai n an d so fo rth ,
The re is th u s a gre at .
6
.

p ro ba bility tha t t he m yst e ri o u s an d hith e rto p e rpl e xi n g

b u ll ro arer was use d t o call o r e vo k e t he S u p re m e Spi rit .

E z e ki e l de sc ribe s t he vo ic e o f t he Spi rit as a gre at

ru s hi n g a n d th e re is a S i m il a r r e fe re n c e in The Act s t o
6 ”

,
7
a so u n d f ro m H eav e n as o f a rus hi n g m igh t y wi n d
”
.

1
Th e S t udy of Ma n , p .
32 7.
2
Cus to m a n d My th p , .
35 .

2
Ibid , 35 . p . .
1 Ibid , . p
31 . .

5
J. G Fra ze r,
. The G olden B o ug h, iii p
. . 12 1 .
1 iii . 12.
7 ll . 2 D o nyso s, w ho
. i p o s s e s se d se v l e ra of t h e a t tr ib utes sub s e q u e n t ly
 TH E G O OD SPI RIT 87

bj e cts re pre se n te d in figs 2 2 7 an d 2 2 8 m u st I

T he o .
, ,

thi n k b e mean t to re p re se n t B u ll ro are rs Th e re are

,
.

e xa m p le s in t he B riti s h M u se u m varyi ng f ro m thi s l a u re l

l eaf fo rm t o that o f a diam on d lo z e nge The Gre e k t e rm .

“

R HO MBUS i m pli e s that an ci e n t b ull ro ar e rs we re rh o m b u s

s h ap e d .

A w rite r in The Hibbert J ourna l p o i n t s o u t th a t in

1

Au stralia as at t he p re se n t day in Sc o tl an d t he b ul l ro are r

, ,
“ ”
is re gard e d as a th u n de r sp e ll It s ro ari n g r e p re se n ts .

t he m u tte ri n g O f th u n de r an d in t he w o rd s o f t he ,

Au stralian native Th u n de r is t he vo ic e Of H im ( p o i n ti n g
,

u pward s c all i n g o n t he r ain t o f all a n d m a k e e v e rythi n g

)
e th e r thi s id e a o f
” “
t o gr o w u new Wh g ro wi n g u
p .
p
a ppli e d S i m p l y t o phy sic al n a t u
”
new r e o r wh e the r it w as ,

u n d e rst o o d in a po e tic an d m y s tic se n se is diflic u lt t o ,

“
de te rm i n e ; b ut t he leitmotiv o f dyi n g t o live run s right
th ro u gh t he i n iti ati o n c e re m o n i e s o f Au s t rali a 2
A mo ng .

t he E u ro p e an m y s tic s o f t he Middl e Age s t he b u ll ro ar e r

ass ig d t Jne Ch i t
o d t wh
e s us it th B ll
r s ,
w an mpl y d w
a o se r e s e u ro a re r as e o e , as

m d B mi
s u rna e i th ro dh w
us , . m ti m
e. f d t F th
e ro a re r, a n e a s so e e s re e rre o as a er

R oa re r
f Th G c ti
. Ki g p 6 Th p th w
e n os cs , d t Di y
n ,
. 12 . e an er a s sa c re o on so s .

V l viii N
1
o . pp 4 6 4 . o . 2, . 0 - 10 .

M l g d Hi t i d R lig i
2
H H b t t M M P i
’ ’
e an es s o re es 9 9 e o ns , . u er e . a uss, ar s, 1 0 ,

p . 13 1.
88 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SY MB OL I SM
was a ppare n tly co nside re d to b e an e m ble m o f t he rege n e r
ati n g powe r o f t he H o ly Spirit The re ge n e rative n u m b e r
.

e ight is app are n t o n fig 2 2 7 an d o n fig 2 2 8 th e r e a pp e ars

.
, .

a ro u ghly e xe c u t e d se rp e n t t he sym b o l o f re ge n e rati o n

, .

NO beas t o f t he fi e ld has had so m a n y l esso n s e x e m plifie d

by it s att rib u te s as t he serp e n t T he sl o u ghi ng o f it s wo rn
.

'

o u t S ki n le d t o it s adopti o n a s a sy m b o l o f t he spi rit u al

re bi rth
-
,
b u t th e re was al so se e n t o b e a clo se an al o gy
b e twe e n t he se rp e n t s c rawl in t he d ust a nd t he e arth
’

cree pi n g attit ude o f m at e riali s m Th us t he sa m e o bj e ct

.

S erve d so me ti m e s as t he sym b o l o f t wo di ame trically

opp o se d ideas an d in all ego ry o n e me e ts as c o n s tan tly with
,

t he Evi l as with t he G o o d S e rp e n t I t w as t he serp e n t o f

.

mate ri ali sm — m o re su btl e th an an y b eas t o f t he fie ld

tha t se d u c e d Ev e in Ede n D u ri n g t he wan deri n g s of t he
.

I srae lite s t he d u al sy m b o li sm o f t he S e rp e n t is b ro ught in t o

’

j u xtap o siti o n in the st o ry th at t he child re n o f I srae l w e r e

m o rtally bitte n by se rp e n t s a n d th at th o se o n ly w ho lo o k e d
,

u p o n t he S e rp e n t u plift e d by M o se s w e re h e al e d Th e re .

is a M ao ri l e ge n d th at H e ave n an d E arth w e re O n c e
1
u n it e d,
b u t su b seq u e n t ly w e re se ve re d by a se rp e n t It .

has b e e n t he m i ssi o n o f t he m ys tic s an d t he po e t s t o

a ttack m at e ri ali sm an d re m arry t he su n d e r e d Earth an d
H e av e n T he idea th at t he S e rp e n t sy m bo li se d M ate ri
.

alis m e l u cida t e s m an y t raditi o n al b u t fictiti o u s e n m it ie s ,

s u ch as th at b e tw e e n t he St ag a n d s e rp e n t s an d b e twe e n

t he Ro e a n d s e rp e n t s .

My stici s m has alway s m ai n tai n e d that t he Co n c o u rse o f

whi rli n g a to m s te rm e d matte r b u t which sci e n c e has
“
,
”

b e e n q u it e u n abl e e ith e r t o re du ce t o it s u lti mat e o r to

d e fi n e is u n su b stan tial an d u n real an d that t he o n ly sub
, ,

sta nce in thi s u n ive r s e is t h e i n vi s ibl e F o rc e c all e d Spi rit a ,

Fo rc e which alo n e m o u lds a n d c o n tro l s m att e r to it s de sir e

1
C t mus o d Myth p 46
an , . .
 THE GOOD S P I RIT
l ike clay h an d s fa
po tte r Th e y p re ach e d in s easo n
in t he o .

an d o u t o f seas o n t he d o g m a th a t spi rit w as p e rm an e n t a n d

,

matt e r me re app e aran c e Amo n g o th e r m ystic fl o tsam fro m

.

t he p a s t Fre e m aso n ry has i n h e rite d an d p re serve d t he

,
”
t ra diti o n o f a m ystic t ie de sc rib e d as th a t sac re d an d
“ “
,

i n vi o lable bo n d which u n it e s m e n o f t he m o s t di sc o rda n t

Opi n i o n s i n t o o n e bo n d o f b ro th e rs which give s b u t o n e ,

lan g uage t o m e n o f all n ati o n s an d o n e al tar to m e n o f ,

1 ”
all re ligi o ns .

Thi s m yst e rio u s b o n d o f u n i o n can n o t b e an ythi n g e l se

than SP IRIT t he I n fl u e n c e which l i n k s m i n d s o f si m ilar
,

tas te s i n to ki n ship an d hitch e s E arth t o H eave n A m o n g .

233

M o n s Briq u e t s e mbl e ms are som e o bj e cts which he

.
’

”
de sc rib e s as crotchets b ut which in reality are links ( see
,

figs 2 2 9 t o
. In fig 2 32 t he l i n k is att ach e d to t he
.

fo u rfold e mble m Of D ivi n ity an e m ble m which was al so ,

a ttach e d t o t he c o m p asse s in fig 1 83 an d in fig 2
33 t he . .

i n te rlo cki n g of t w o l i n k s fo r m s a m ystic t ie sugge stiv e o f

t he R e ge n e rativ e eight S o me o f the se ti e s o r k n o ts are a
.

c o m bi n ati o n o f t he S of Sp irit us an d o f t he figu re e ight .

T he e xt re m iti e s o f t he o ctago n al S in fig 2 34 are t w o .

esses s tan di n g fo r Sa nctus Sp irit us

,
F ro m t he S o f fig 2 2 1 . .

( a nte p ,
ri
. se s t he q u a d rifo i l an d t he
“
fin ials of ,

fig 2 39 are fo u r t re fo i l s In fig 2 4 4 t he th re e circl es
. . .

o f p e rf e cti o n h av e b e e n i n tro d u c e d an d in fig 2 4 0 t he , .

i n fe r e n ce o f t he u pward an d d o w n ward fo u r has be e n

su pp l i e d by t he cr o s s .

A L xic of F
1 m e y M
on k y p 27 ree as on r , ac e , . 2 .
90 THE LO ST L A NG UAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
In figs . 2 4 1 an d 24 3 t h e all- e p rvadi n g S is h allo wed
with a c ro ss ,
an d in fig . 24 2 it is s u rro u n d e d by t he ci rcl e

o f t l p e rfe cti o n The m ystic s we re li n k s in a lo n g

e e rn a .

ch ai n o f spi rit ual traditi o n ; th e y we re t he u n it s o f a pro

c e ssi o n which it w as be li e ve d starte d fro m t he Go ld e n A ge
a n d fro m t he l an d o f H e av e n The t o n gu e s o f m y s tici s m
.
 THE G OOD S P I RIT
ha ve mo s t ge n e rall y be e n t he p o e ts w ho h ave clai me d
th at
Fro m t he W o rd, t he W o rd is kin dle d,
Fro m a sp ark t he w o rld is lit
So by go l de n lin k s e xt e n de d,
V e rse b y v e rse t he So n g is k n it
’9
.
1

In The A dv a ncement f B ac o n re fe r s t o
o Lea rning th at

e xc e ll e n t a n d D ivi n e fab l e o f t he Go ld e n Ch ai n n am e l y , ,

that Me n w e re n o t able t o d raw J u pite r do w n to t he e arth

b u t c o n t rariwi se J u pite r w as ab le t o d raw th e m u p t o
, ,

H eave n . In t he Essays he write s

”
A littl e o r su p e rfici al
te s t o f P hil o so phy m ay p e rch an c e i n cli n e t he Mi n d o f Man
to A t heism e ; b u t a f u ll d rau ght th e re of b ri n gs t he m i n d
back againe to Re ligi o n Fo r in the e n t ran c e o f P hilo so phy
.
,

wh e n t he se c o n d cau se s which are n e xt u n to t he se n se s ,

do e o ffe r th e m se lve s t o t he m i n d o f Man an d t he m i n d ,

it se lfe c l e av e s u n t o th e m an d dw e ll s th e re an o blivi o n o f ,

t he High es t C ause m ay c re e p in b u t wh e n a m an p asse th

o n fa rth e r a n d b e h o ld s t he d e p e n d e n cy co n ti n u ati o n an d ,

c o n fe de racy o f cause s an d t he w o rk e s o f Pro vide n c e th e n

, , ,

acc o rdi n g t o t he all e go ry o f t he P o e t s he will e as ily b e l i e ve ,

th at t he high e s t li n k e o f Nat u re s C hai n s mu s t n e e ds b e ’

tye d to t he fo o t o f Ju pite r s cha ire ’

.
”

T e n n yso n expre sse s thi s ide a in t he c o u ple t

T he w ho le ro un d e art h i e v ery w ay s

B un d b y go l d C h i s abo ut t he f e t o f G o d 2
o a n e .
”

an d it is to thi s sam e chai n th at Bla k e r e fe r s in t he fam iliar

li n e s
I giv e yo u t he e n d o f a go lde n st rin
g,
O n ly w in d it in to a b all
It w ill le ad
y ou in at He a v e n ’
s
gat e ,

B uil t in J l
e rusa e m s
’
wa ll .
”

1
Cf Th e Pop ula r Po et ry
.
f the Fin ns
o , C .
J . B illso n , p .
7 .

2
Passing of A r th u r .
9 2 T HE LO ST LA N G U AGE OF SYMB OLI SM
At ti me s t he go l de n st ri n g w as r e pre sen te d by e ight-l ike
k n o t s as in figs . 2 4 6 an d 2 4 7, b u t t he mo r e u su al fo rm

w as q ue n c e o f plai n esses as in fig 2 4 8 wh ere t he ch ai n

a se .
,

s u rro u n d s t he E agl e o f O m n ip o t e n c e .

I n t o t he i n n e r ch ai n o f t he Ar m s o f J er usale m h ave

C O L L E G II

R O S A BI I Ir

C05 7 Ol' A ll ” ) 07 J ERUS HJ

'
M

249

b e e n wo ve n t he S o f Spi rit us t he R o f Rege ne rat io an d , ,

t he e ight li k e m y stic t ie
- Amo n g t he ch ai n bo rde r o rn a
.
-

m e n t o f t he se ve n t ee n th c e n t u y b o o k plat e i ll us tra te d in
s r - -
,

fig 2 50 wi ll b e n o tic e d t he i n iti al s S an d SS
.
, .

Shak e sp eare d e sc ribi n g t he sym bo l s o f no bil ity carri ed

 THE GOOD S P I RIT 93

at t he bapti sm of Q ue e n Eliz ab e th d e tail s collars o f SS , .

Th e se like o th e r paraph e rn ali a o f H e ral dry we re o n c e

, ,

sym b o lic an d the c o l lar o f SS re pr e s e n t e d t he go ld e n ch a i n

,

o f Sa nct us Sp iritus
_
A so litary S may al m o s t i n variably b e
.

r e ad as Sp iritus a do u bl e SS as Sa nctus Sp irit us an d a t re ble

, ,

SSS as t he th ree acclamati o n s Sa nctus ! Sa nctus Sa nctus l ,

Thre e e ight-like esses maki n g t he n u m be r 888 bo re t he

“ ”
additio n al s ig n ifica tio n J e su s t he n u me rical val ue of t he ,

le tt e rs J E S U S am o u n ti ng e xactly to 888 By so m e
, , , , ,
.

such s i m i la r m e th o d o f co m p u tati o n t he n u m b er 666 wa s

r e c o gn i se d as t he mark o f t he b eas t .
”

In Fragments f o a Fa ith Forgotten,

Mr M ea d s a y s th at t he

Ge n e ra tive Po w er was c alle d no t o n ly wi n d b u t also a

t he l a tt e r b e c au se o f t he hi ssi n g so u n d it p ro d u c e s
”
se rp e n t
1
.
,

The m e an i n g o f t he ge e se e mbl e ms h e re with p u z z l e d

m e fo r a lo n g whil e u n til t he id ea st ru ck me th at t he flame
e m e rgi n g fro m t he m o u ths was i n t e n d e d t o re pr e se n t t he

go ose s hi ss
’
.

Th e re is l ittl e dou bt that thi s was a fo rt unate gu e ss ;

that t he go o se was assu me d to b e f ull o f t he H o ly Spirit ,

an d th at it s sibil an t hi ss was u n d e rs too d t o b e t he e m i ss i o n

of Sp irit The wo rd goose is e vid e n tly all i e d to goost t he

.
,

an ci e n t fo rm o f gh o st i e s pi rit The A n glo -S axo n fo r

,
. . .

go o se w as gas which agai n b ri n gs u s back t o gho st o r ghoost

,

1 P . 15.
94 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB O L ISM
1
as it ti m e s u se d t o b e sp el t
so m e P L U TA R C H says that .

t he Egypti an s give t he n am e o f J u pit e r to t he brea th

2
:

it w as pro b ab ly fo r thi s re aso n that t he go o se o r breath bi rd

'
-

was sac re d t o J u n o t he fe m al e J U P IT ER It is p e rhaps for .

t he sam e r e aso n th at t he Hi n do o s re pre se n t B RA H MA t he

Breath of Life as ridi n g u po n a go o se and that t he Egyptian s ,

sy m bo l i se d S eb t he Fa th e r o f O s iri s as a go o se which th e y
”
termed The G reat Cackle r 3
.

Acc o rdi n g to t he Hi n do o th eo ry o f creati o n t he S u p re me ,

Spirit laid a go lde n egg re spl e n de n t as t he Sun an d fro m ,

thi s go lde n egg was b o rn B RA H MA t he p ro ge n itor o f t he ,

U n ive rse The Egyptian s had a s im ilar sto ry an d de scribe d

.
,

2 53

“
the la id by t he pri m e val go o se in l a te r
s un
g
as a n eg ,

ti m e s said t o b e a G o d It is pro babl e that o u r fai ry tal e

.
1

o f t he go o se th a t l a id t he go ld e n e ggs is a r e lic of thi s v e ry

an ci e n t m yth o l o gy In fig 2 54 t he go o se is see n s itti n g

. .

u p o n it s n e s t an d in fig ,
2 55 it is as so ci at e d with it s
.

traditi o n al egg .

The sugge stion u n de rlyi n g t he tal e o f t he sla i n g o o se

o f t he go ld e n e ggs w o u ld a pp ear t o b e th a t Spi rit o r
I n spirati o n is t he m agic p ro vide r o f daily and p e rp e t ual
t re asu res ; an d th at t he fo o l w ho kills his go o se is t he u n
1
S k ea t, E tym olog ica l Diction a ry .
2
!s is a nd Os iris .

2
Re no uf, Hibber t L ectu res , p 111 .
. . Th e Egy t ianp na me fo r a c e rta n i
k i n d o f go o se w a s S eb .

f A n cien t Egypt, W M F n de rs Pe tr e , 68 li i p A c c o rd i
1
Re lig ion o . . . . ng

to Mr Ba r n g G o u d , th e Ro c o f th e A ra bia n Nig hts b ro o ds o

i- l “
v er its g rea t
l mi
u n o us e g g, th e s un c f Cu rio us My ths of the Middl e A g es ,
. p .
4 1I .
 TH E GOOD S P I RI T 95

c o m pro m i si n g M ateri ali st w ho m u rde rs i m agi n ati o n T he .

l e tte r kille th t he Spi rit give th Li fe

,
.
.
”

“
In fig 2 52 t he
. bl e sse d fo wl was stan di n g o n a
m o u n tai n t o p in fig 2 56 it sym b o li se s a W ay t o re ge n e ra
.

ti o n ove r fig 2 58 is t he M o rn i n g Star an d o ve r fig 2 57
.
, .

t he Fl e u r de Lys o f L ight .

The m y stic s d e e m e d th e mse lve s t o b e watchf u l an d

u n sl u m b e ri n g g ee s e a n d t he g e e s e
, e m bl e m s n o w u n de r ,

c o n s ide rati o n p ro bably ill u st ra te t he p ro ph e cy of I SA IA H

,

He wi ll l ift u p an e n s ig n to t he natio ns fro m afar an d ,

will hi ss u n to th e m fro m t he e n d s o f t he earth an d b e h o ld

th e y sh al l co m e with spee d swiftly : n o n e S hall w eary n o r
”
st u m bl e am o n g th e m ; n o ne S h all sl u m b e r n o r sl e e p
1
.

With thi s m ay al so b e com pare d t he pro phe cy o f Z e chariah

“
Th e y we n t th e i r w ay as a fl o ck th e y we re t ro u ble d ,

be cau se th e re w as n o she ph e rd I w ill hiss for them a nd

.
,

a ther them ; fo r I h av e re d e e me d th e m : n d th e y s h all

g a

i n cre ase as th e y have i n c rease d A n d I will so w th e m .

a m o n g t he p e o ple : an d th e y s h all re m e mb e r m e in far

c o u n t ri e s ; an d the y s h al l live with the i r child re n an d t u rn ,
”
aga i n.
2
S u rmo u n ti n g fig 2 53 is t he R o f t he re ge n e rat e
.

Or re d e e me d . The o rigi n al san ctity o f t he go o se may

v 26 7
1
.
-2 . Ch p x 2
a . .
9 6 TH E LO ST LA N GUAGE OF SYMB OL I SM
a cco u n t fo r o u r e xp re ssi o n S illy go o se t he wo rd S illy , ,

be i n g O f pi o u s de rivati o n an d m ean i n g o rigi n ally ble sse d

, ,

h appy i n n o c e n t a n d ge n tl e At t he ti m e Of C ae sar s i n va
, , .
’

s i o n t he g o o se w as ta u t o t he B rito n s Th e re is no 1
p .

gro u n d fo r t he p o p u lar ide a th at t he go o se is in any resp e ct

a fo o li s h fo wl b u t o n t he c o n trary it is d e sc rib e d by th o se
,

w ho h ave st u di e d it s h abit s as t he wi se s t bi rd in E u ro p e
2 ”
.

A s ymbo lic re lative o f t he s illy go o se is t he S illy

s h e e p which in fi s 2 59 t o 2 61 is se e n in t he t raditi o n al
, g .

as p e ct o f t he Ag n u s D e i rai s i n g u t he E n sign o f Ch ri s t
p .

2 59

The Lam b with it s fl ee c e o f s n o w w as t he sym b o l o f mee k

ne ss i n n o c e n c e an d p u rity
, M u ch past o ral p o e try is re pre
.
,

se n t iv e of so m e thi n g m o re th a n Arc adi an phil an d e r i n g an d ,

t he Sh e ph e rd s a n d Sh e ph e rd e sse s o f t he p o e t s are n o t in fre

q ue n tly al l e go ric With m ystic i n t u iti o n a m o d ern p o e t has

.

we ll writte n
“
She w al ks t he l dy f m y de light ,
a o
,

A she p he d ss o f she e p r e

He r flo c k s are t h ugh t s She k ps t he m w hit e o . ee

,

She g ards t he m fro m t he st e pu e

She fe e ds t he m on t he fragran t he ight

A n d fo lds t he m in fo r l p 3
”
s ee .

1
Rhys ( S ir Hibbert Lec tu res , p . 17 5 .

2
Cf . A n ima ls, A rtisa n s, a nd Other S tu dies of B ird s a nd B ea s ts,
Mrs A ce Me yn eli ll
,

J . Corn sh i .
3
.
 TH E G OOD S P I RIT 97

In a ll e go ry th e re are u sually thre e m ean i n gs att rib u te d .

r o s—
to e v y sym b l th u taki n g S h e e p as an i n st a n c e— th e re
e ,

are t he th re e d e g ree s e whit e a n d i n n o c e n t th o ught s

( )
1 t h
o f t he m i n d 2 t he m a n hi m s e lf w ho has b e c o m e l am b— lik
( ) e

a mb o f G o d s i m il arly th e re is :
”

( 3) t he
“
L ( )
I h e w ho
,

ru l e s a n d s h e ph e rd s his o w n th o u ght s ; who s h e ph e rd s

( )
2 h e

his fe l lo w cre at u re s ; an d ( 3) t he su pre m e Go o d Sh e ph e rd .

It w as to S h e ph e rds watchi n g th e i r fl o cks by n ight th at t he

a n ge l o f t he L o rd is said t o h ave a n n o u n c e d t he co m i n g o f

t he Ch ri st J ust as acc o rdi n g to I saiah t he watchful an d

.
, ,

u n sl u m b e ri n g eese w e re c o l l e cte d an d g ath e re d toge th e r S O

g ,

d o e s E z e ki e l asse m bl e t he sheep Fo r th u s s aith t he

Lo rd G o d ; B e h o ld I e ve n I wil l bo th search m y sh e e p
, , , ,

a n d se e k th e m o u t A s a s h e ph e rd se e k e th o u t his fl o ck in
.

t he day th at he is a m o n g his s h e e p th a t are sca tte re d ; so

will I se e k o u t my sh e e p an d will de live r th e m o u t of all
,

pl ac e s wh e re th e y h ave be e n scatte re d in t he clo u dy an d

dark day A n d I will bri n g th e m o u t f ro m t he p e o ple an d
.
,

gath e r th e m fro m t he c o u n tri e s an d wi ll b ri n g th e m t o th e i r

,

o w n l a n d a n d fe e d th e m u p o n t he m o u n ta i n s o f I s rae l by
,

t he riv e rs a n d in all t he i n h abit e d p l ac e s o f t he c o u n t ry

,
.

I w ill fe e d th e m in a go o d p ast u re an d u p o n the high ,

m o u n t ai n s of I srae l S hal l th e i r fo ld b e th e re s h all th e y lie

in a go o d fo ld a n d in a fat p ast u re s h all th e y fe e d u p o n t he
,

m o u n tai n s o f I srae l I will fee d m y fl o ck an d I will c au se

.
,

th e m to lie do w n saith t he Lo rd G o d I wi ll see k th at which

,
.

w as l o s t an d b ri n g agai n tha t which was drive n away a n d

, ,

will b i n d u p that which w as b ro k e n an d will s tre n gth e n ,

”
“
th at which w as sick Th u s c o n cl ud e s E z e ki e l
.
, s h all ,

th e y k n o w th a t I t he Lo rd th e ir G o d am with th e m an d that ,

th e y e ve n t he h o use o f I srae l are my p eo pl e saith t he Lo rd

, , ,

God . A n d ye m y fl o ck t he fl o ck o f m y p as tu r e a re me n
, , ,
1 ”
an d I am y o u r G o d saith t he Lo rd G o d
,
.

xxxiv 1
.
9 8 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL ISM
P ETER e xh o rti n g t he e lde rs a mo n g his h eare rs t o fe e d
t he fl o ck o f G o d u n til t he Chi e f Sh e ph e rd s h al l a pp e ar
1
,

o b se rv e s :
“
Ye we re as s h e e p go i n g ast ra y b u t are n o w ,

re t u rn e d u n t o t he Sh e ph e rd a n d Bi s h o p o f y o u r so u l s
2 ”
.

T he past o ral s taffs h e re with are sy m b o l s o f t he G o o d

Sh e ph e rd an d the Bi s ho p o f All So uls The C ro ss o f Light ’
.

s u rm o u n t s fig 2 6 d fi 2 6 2 d 2 6 are di s ti n g u i s h e d
3 a n .
g s , an 4 .

by t he Tre fo il o f t he D e ity .

T he id ea o f a h e ave n ly Sh e ph e rd o r F e e d er t he give r ,

o f D ivi n e N e ct ar is c o m m o n to n e arl y all p rim i t ive b e li e fs

, .

In fact afte r t he e ighth c e n t u ry Ch ri sti an ity l arge ly dis

, ,

c o n ti n u e d t he u se o f t he Go o d Sh e ph e rd e m bl e m be cau se it
w as so wid ely e m ploye d am o n g J e w s a n d Paga n s 1
In t he .

H e rme tic lit e rat u r e o f Egypt ( 30 0 B C G o d is re fe rre d . .

t o as t he Sh e ph e rd a n d Ki n g w ho l ead s with law an d u st ic e

j ,

a n d d e p u t e s h is L o go s t he W o rd m ad e fl e s h his first
‘
b o rn So n t o t ak e ch arge o f t he S ac re d Fl o ck
, .

Thi s h o ly fl o ck n u mb e re d n o t o n ly sh e e p b u t do u bt
l e ss al so ge e se an d ki n e an d th ere are c e rtai n e arly
,

Ch ri sti a n i n sc ripti o n s wh e re i n t he n e o phyt e s are te rm e d

1
v
1, . iii 2 5 2
1, . .

f Sy mb l i m S H th p
I

3
Th R m e o a n ce o o s , . ea , . 12 2 .

1
C f Th Hy m
. e fH m ns oG R S M d
er es , Al P . l R lig i
. . ea . so ers o n a e on

i Egyp t b f
n Ch i ti ity W M Fli d
e or e r s an , Pet i p
. im . n e rs r e, as s .
 THE G OO D S P I RIT 99
”
su ckl i n g calve s It is fabl e d th at APOLLO was t he
.
1

p o ssesso r o f a h e rd o f sac re d c attl e an d th at as a p u n i sh ,

me n t fo r vi o lati n g th e m de s t ru cti o n fell u p o n c e rta i n u n

ru ly fo ll o w e rs o f Ulysse s The sacre d h e rd o f c u rve .

h o rn e d cattl e m i l k di sp e n se r s t o t he h o u se h o ld r eapp ears

,

in t he traditi o n al l e ge n ds o f Fi n lan d which are pre -e mi ,

ue n tly i n t e re sti n g as th e y p re se rv e an e xc e ptio n al p e rc e n tage

,

o f Ch al d e an l o r e The Fi n n s who s ti ll m ai n tai n an u n c ann y

.
,

re p u tati o n fo r magic are su ppose d t o h ave origi nally

,

m igra te d fro m As i a an d in th e ir raci al ch arac te ri stic s are

,

di sti n ct fro m an y o f th e i r n e ighbo u rs .

The w rit e r of E z e ki e l was a pri e st t he so n o f B uz i in , ,

t he lan d o f t he Ch al d ean s by t he rive r Ch e bar

”
an d it is
2
,
’
i n te resti n g t o com p are Ez e ki e l s asse m bl i n g o f t he S he e p
with t he Ka lev a la s m u st e ri n g of t he cattle
’

C o mey h o m e , y
e ceu rv e -ho rn e d l
c at t e ,

Mi k dispe n sers t o t he ho use ho d

l l .

Le t t he l
c at t e re st in q uie t ,

Le av e in p eac e t he ho o fe d c at t e , l
Le t t he h e rd ly w an de r se c u re ,
,

Le t t h m m arc h in p erfe c t o rde

e r
,

Thro ugh t he sw am ps an d t hro ugh t he Ope n ,

T hro ugh t he tan gle o f t he fo r st e

N e v e r do t h u dare t o t o uc h t he m
o u
,

No r t o w ic ke dly mo le st t he m 3
.
”

The i nj un cti o n agai n s t m o le sti n g t he cattl e o f t he Su n

paralle le d in t he Ka lev a la by t he warn i n g
N e ve r
v e n t ure t o appro ac h t ho u
W he re t he go lde n he rd is liv in g .

C A NA A N , t he Eldo rado o f t he H e b re ws ,
was fabl e d to

1
C f The
.
Q
u es t l i p 63 1
,
vo . . . . i 2
.
3 .

3
Run o , xxxii .
37 1- 37 8 .
1
Ibid .
, 4 2 8- 2 .
4 9
10 0 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB O L I SM
be a lan d flo w ing w ith m i l k an d h o n e y pre sum ably
‘

, t he
sa me h o n e y that acco rdi n g t o t he Ka lev a la
, ,

Is fe rme n t in g an d is w o rkin g
O n t he hills o f go lde n c o lo ur
A n d upo n t he plain s o f sil v e r,
T he re is foo d fo r t ho se w ho h un ge r
T he re is drin k fo r all t he t hirst
y,
Tib e re is foo d t o e at t hat fills n t o
,

T he re is drin k t h at n e v e r le sse n s .
” 1

The figu re o f Ch ri st t he Go o d S he ph e rd is fre q u e n tl y

re p re se n te d with a v e s se l h an g in g o n his arm o r susp ended on

a tree. Thi s,
”
y Mr Syd n e y H ea th
sa s
,
“
is t he mu lc t ra o r
m ilk-p ail , a n d was co n s ide re d sym bo lic o f t he spi rit u al
” 2
n o u ri sh me n t d e riv e d fr o m C H R IS T Figs . . 2 65 to 2 67

pre su mably r e prese n t m ulc tra s su sp e n d e d fro m a b ran ch .

Am o n g t he an ci e n ts m ilk w as re gar de d as a H eave n ly

,

n o u ri s h me n t an d t he l ave r o f r e g e n e r ati o n an d it is stil l ,

a d m i n i s t e re d by Hi n do o s t o dyi n g p e r so n s The m o de rn .

de sce n da n ts fro m Zoro ast rian i sm u se it sacrame n tally an d ,

s uch is t he b e l i e f in it s cl e an s i n g e ffic acy th a t sc ru p u l ou s

Parsee s sti ll carry a small bo ttl e in th e i r p o cke t wh e re with
t o p u rify th e m se l ve s fro m a n y u n h all o we d c o n tact .

By t he p ri m itive Ch ri sti an s C H RIST t he Go o d Sh e ph e rd

,

was ide n tifi e d with O R P HEU S an d an e arly e m bl e m in t he

,

1
xxxn 40 7
.
-
4 18.
2 R o ma n ce f
o Sy mbolism, p . 12 3.
 THE GOOD SPI RIT
Cataco m bs re pre se n t s Him S itti n g O R P HEUS-l ike am o n g t he
bi rd s an d be ast s charm i n g th e m with t he go lde n to ne s o f
,

H is m u s ic O R P H EUS fabl e d t o b e t he so n o f Apo ll o t he

.
,

p ro t e cto r o f fl o ck s an d c attl e is said t o have b e e n t he ,

i n ve n to r o f l e tte rs an d o f e ve rythi n g th at co n trib u te d t o

civili sati o n an d in late r ti m e s th e re sp ran g u p a m ys tic
1
,

o rd e r which m ai n t ai n e d an e n th u s i astic w o rs hip o f his

m e mo ry a n d doc tri n e s H e w as r e gard e d as t he fi rst p o e t
.

o f t he H e ro ic A e an te ri o r b o th t o HO MER a n d H ES IO D an d
g , ,

his ch aract e ri stic s rea pp ear in t he Ka lev a la in t he p e r son o f

W A INA MO INEN Thi s c u l tu re h e ro is re c o rd e d t o have be e n
.

t he l o rd o f t he va ul t o f air
”
t he so n of U k k o , an d to h ave ,

bee n se n t by his Al l righteo u s Fath e r t o teach me n m u sic

-

an d t he art s o f agric u lt ure The Ka lev a la t e l l s ho w WA IN A

.

”
“
MO INEN se ate d hi m se lf o n a hil l all s ilv e r s hi n i n g
! Sir
Wal te r Ral e igh s silv er mounta ins
’
a n d ho w he l ur e d t he

wo lve s o u t o f th e ir l air s t he fish o u t of t he rive r s an d t he

, ,

birds o u t o f t he bran ch e s Fi n ally .

T he w ho le o f T apio s p eo ple ,

A ll t he bo ys a n d all t he maide n s ,

C limb e d up a m ta i ummit on oun n s ,

That t he y might e nj y t he m usic 2 o .

”

In Egypt c ul t u re h e ro an d wo rl d-h armo n ise r was

t he
OS IR IS t he rege n e rato r O si RIs is said t o h ave i n ve n t e d
.

agric u lt ur al i n s t ru m e n t s t o h av e t au ght m e n ho w to h arn e ss

,

o xe n t o t he p l o u gh a n d ho w rightly t o w o rs hip t he G o d s
,
.

Afte r h avi n g bes to we d the se bl e ssi n gs u po n his o wn co u n t ry

me n h e asse m b le d a h o s t with which he se t fo rth t o c o n q u e r
,

t he worl d n o t with w e ap o n s b u t with m u s ic an d e l o q u e n c e

, ,
.

The b e ne fic e n t c are e r o f OS IRIS w as h o w e ve r c u t su dd e n ly , ,

s h o rt by t he m u rde ro u s t rick e ry of T Y P H ON his e n vi o u s ,

1
Ba xpou ds O rph u a Ph il phy
c on e n e s i te p e t t i th t i
s
“
os o ,
”
an n r r a on a s

p b b ly
ro a t
co rre c .

2
Run o , xl i 60 , 63
. .

V OL . I
.
10 2 THE LO ST LAN G U AGE O F SYMB O L ISM
 THE GOOD S P I RIT
an d m alici o u s bro th e r S u b se q ue n tly t he so ul o f OS IRIS
.

was s u pp o s e d to i n h abit t he b o dy o f t he sac re d b u ll AP IS a t ,

wh o se death it t ran sfe rre d it se lf t o a s ucce sso r The i n di .

vid ual an i mal th at was re co g n i se d to b e AP IS was se l e ct e d

by ce rtai n sign s a whit e squa re m ark o n t he fo re h e ad
, ,

an o th e r in t he fo rm of a n ea le o n it s back an d a l u m p
g ,

u n d e r it s t o n gu e in t he s h ap e o f a sca ra b e us Wh e n fo u n d
1
e .

t he sac re d a n i m al w as fe d with milk fo r four m o n th s a n d ,

p l ac e d in a b u i l di n g faci n g t he East To t he Egypti an s .

,

Api s t he sacr e d b u ll w as adm itte dly a fai n t S h ad o w o f the

, ,

C re ato r an d t he Babyl o n i sh B u lls un do u bte dly had o n c e a

,

S i m i lar sig n ific an c e The d e sign s h e re with are e vid e n tly

.

sy m b o l s o f t he sac re d Bu ll .

In Sy m b o li sm e ach d e tai l has i n var iably so m e m e an i n g .

The h eart o f Lo v e is w o ve n o n t o t he fo re h ead o f fig 2 7 8 .

,

t he fe at u res o f fig 2 7 9 are t he o ct ago n al SS o f Sa nctus

.

Spiritus t he S o f Sp irit us is asso ci ate d with figs 2 7 2 an d

, .

2 7 3 an d u n d e r fig
, 2 80 is t he My stic T ie
. The th re e .

ci rcl e s o f p e rfe cti o n app e ar as t he n o st ril s o f fig 2 8 1 an d .

,

t he t ail s o f figs 2 68 t o 2 7 1 are o bvi o u sl y t rinity in unity

. .

The ci rcl e u n de r fig 2 7 6 id e n tifi e s The P e rfe ct O n e an d

.
,

t he A l e ph -Tau u n de r fig 2 7 4 t he First a n d t he Last

.
,
Th e .

A g / F bl P
1
e 0 k p 3 4a e, e aco c , . 1 .
10 4 THE LO ST LANG UAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
ru de ly d e sign e d p asto ral cro o k su rm o u n ti ng fig 2 82 is an
.

i m plicati o n o f t he Go o d Sh e ph e rd o ve r fig 2 83 is t he
,
.

Tre fo il o f t he T ri n ity a n d t he L C u n de r fig 2 7 5 are t he

,
. .

fam ili ar i n iti al s o f J esu s Ch ri st

.

Fig 2 84 is a com bi nati o n o f c re sce n t m o o n an d B u ll s

.
’

h ead an d t he h o rn s o f fig 2 8 5 are agai n t he c re sc e n t m o o n

, .

which is h e re asso ci ate d with the sym bo l o f t he C re ato r

b e c au se t he Moo n was h e ld t o b e a S ig n o f t he H eave n ly

h o s t th at w as asse m bl e d by O si ri s The writ e r o f Eccle si
.

as t ic u s re fe rs t o he r as a n i n s t rum e n t o f t he arm i e s ab o ve ,

S hi n i n g in t he firmam e n t o f H eave n t he b e au ty o f H e ave n

, ,

t he gl o ry o f t he s t ars an o rn am e n t givi n g light in t he

,

high e st pl ace s o f t he Lo rd an d th e re w as a Rabbi n ic l e ge n d

,
”

that t he Stars acc o m p an i e d t he M o on waiti n g u p o n he r as a

,

reward fo r he r givi n g light d u ri n g t he dark n e ss o f t he lo n g

n ight . At t he c o m man dm e n t o f t he H o ly O n e says t he
,
 TH E G OOD S P IRIT 10 5

w rite r o f Eccl esias tic u s th ey will stan d in th e i r o rde r an d

,

n e v e r fa i n t in th e i r wa tch e s The e m bl e m s h e re with

” 1
.

de pict thi s l e ge n d o f t he m o o n att e n de d by t he starry H o sts

o f H e av e n Fig 2 86 has s u rvive d as t he arm s o f Tu rke y
. .
,

an d fig 2 8 s th o s e o f Egypt
.
7 a .

O n e m u s t di ffe re n ti a t e b e twe e n t he sym b o li s m o f t he

B ull t he O x an d t he Co w The B u ll re p re se n te d t he
, ,
.

D e ity in His m al e asp e ct o f C reat o r t he Co w t he pro ,

du c tiv e m ilk yi e ldi n g q ualiti e s o f t he M ag n a M ate r

- Fo r .

thi s re aso n the Co w was sacre d to I si s w as wor shipp e d ,

a m o n g t he H i n d o o s a n d is s til l re ve r e d as a sacre d sy m b o l
,

o f t he D e ity by t he i n h abitan t s o f t he Go ld Coast The .

s t ro n g toi l i n g an d p a ti e n t O x d raggi n g t he plo u gh o ve r t he

, , ,

h ard-p arch e d so il an d c o m p e lli ng t he earth t o yi e l d he r

i n c rease was t he sy mb o l o f u n re m itt in g to il an d self
,

sac rific e .It was amo n g t he o xen th at Ch ri st n o t with o u t ,

re aso n is r e c o rde d t o h av e b ee n b o rn
'

.
,

The oxe n th at labo u r an d e n d u re t he ge e se that n e ith e r

,

Sl u m be r n o r Sle e p and t he stars which at t he c o m man d m e n t

,

of t he H o ly O n e stan d un ti ri n g in th e i r watch e s sym b o li ,

cally re pre se n t t he u n its o f t he H eave n ly H o st m arsh all e d

by t he G o d o f L ight .

Cf E l i t i u xl iii
1
cc es as c s .
 C HA PTER V I

THE H O STS O F THE LO RD

The h ea li ng o f t he w o r ld
l
Is in its n a m e e ss sa n ts i
Eac h se ara te s ta r
. p
i i
S e e m s no t h n g , b ut a m yr a d sca t tere d s ta rs
Bre ak up t h e n ig h t and mak e it b e a ut fu i l ”
.

T HE M o o n was re garde d as t he awake n e r an d asse m bl e r o f

t he Stars t he St ars w e re pict u re d as t he gl o rifi e d so u l s o f
,

s a i n t s a n d h er o e s an d t he N ight -sk S p an gl e d with t he

, y
l ight s o f H e ave n was vi ewe d as a sym bo l o f t he h o st s o f
t he Lo rd In t he m yth o l o gi e s o f b o th Eas t a n d W e st
.

N ight t he N u rsi n g-M o th e r o f t he Gol de n Stars is

, ,

add re s se d as an aw e i n spi ri n g n o b l e a n d b e n e fice n t B e i n g

-
, , .

To t he Ch ri sti an m y s tic s N ight si m il arly app eal e d as t he

p e riod o f Chri st s p ro g re ss an d
’

His k n o c kin g t ime t he so ul s dum b w at c h, ’

W he n spirit s t he i r fair k in dre d c at c h ” 1

.

Upward s o f fo u r th o u san d ye ars ago o n e o f t he Ve dic ,

“
p o e t s w ro te : N ight app ro ach e s ill u m i n e d with stars an d
plan e ts an d lo o ki n g o n all side s with n u m be rl e ss e ye s o ve r
, , ,

p o we rs all m e an e r light s The i mm o rtal go dde ss pe rvade s

.

t he firmam e n t c o ve ri n g t he lo w val l e y s an d s h ru b s an d t he
, ,

l o fty m o u n tai n s an d tre e s b u t so o n she di s turb s t he glo o m

\

with c e le sti al e fful ge n c e Advanci n g with bright n e ss at

.

1
H V a ughan
. .

106
 THE H O STS O F THE LO R D 10 7

le n gth she re call s he r S i st e r m o rn i n g an d t he n ightly s h ade

grad ually me lt s away May she at thi s ti m e b e pr o piti o u s !
.

She in wh o se early watch w e m ay c al m ly re cli n e in o u r

man si o n s as bird s re p o se o n t he tr ee s
,
M an ki n d n o w .

sl ee p in th e ir to wn s ; n o w h e rds an d flocks p eac e f ully

sl u m b e r wi n g e d c re at u re s e ve n S wift fal c o n s a n d vul t ure s
, , .

0 n ight ! ave rt fro m u s t he s he -w o lf an d t he wo lf ; an d ,

o h ! su f fe r u s t o pass th e e in so o thi n g r es t ! O h m o r n ! ,

re mo ve in du e ti m e thi s b l ack e t vi s ibl e o ve rwhe l m i n g

y ,

dark n e ss which at p re se n t e n fo ld s m e Daughte r o f h eave n

, .
,

I appro ach th ee with p rai se as t he co w app ro ach e s he r ,

milk e r ; acc e pt 0 n ight ! n o t t he hym n o nly b u t t he

, ,

a blat io n of thy su pp l i an t who prays th at his f o e s ma b

y e

su bd ue d .

By t he Egyptian s the Moon was p e r so n ifie d as masc uli ne

a nd was id e n tifi e d with Thoth t he p athfi n de r an d t he ,

a wak e n e r o f sl e e pi n g m i n d s It is presu m ably the face o f

.

Th o t h— the man in t he mo o n — th at is see n in fig 2 88 . .

The u se by t he earl y Ch ri sti an s Of t he m oo n as a sy m bo l o f

H eave n m u st b e relat e d to t he an ci e n t I n di an b e li e f th at
t he path o f th o se who did
“
piou s work s in the village ”

le d fi n all y t o t he m o o n wh e re in t he co m p an y o f t he G o d s
, , ,

th e ir so ul s e nj o ye d a ful l re co m p e n se fo r th e i r labo u rs 1
.

In P l u ta rch s tr e ati se On the Fa ce in the Moon it is said

’

that t he Goo d re mai n in t he M o o n in t he e nj o ym e n t o f

p e rfect tran q u ill ity b u syi n g th e m se lves with t he re g ulati o n s
,

o f af fai rs o n e arth fu r n i shi n g o rac l es an d re n d e ri n g vari o us

, ,

go o d se rvice s to man ki n d B ut sh o u ld an yo n e wh o se
.

p u rific ati o n was i n c o m p l e t e try t o fo rc e his wa

y thith e r he

was scare d away by t he app ariti o n o f a t errifyi n g a n d

app all i n g Fac e 2
. Se e m i n gly thi s was a fable d e vi se d
cu n n i ngly t o de te r pre mat u re an d u n i n vite d e n tran c e i n to
B hmi K w l dg e L D B
1
ra n no t t p 53
e , . . a rn e , . .

2
Th G ti
e p 347
n os cs , . .
10 8 THE LO ST LA N G U A G E O F SYM BOL I SM
t he n e xt wo rld by t he u n lawful m e th o d o f su icide No te .

ho w th reate n i n g an d ad mo n ito ry a f ro w n is p o rtraye d o n

t he Fac es o f figs 2 90 t o 2 9 2
. .

In o n e of t he Ve dic hym n s t he su p re me Spi rit is

i n trod u c e d pr o n o un ci n g so m e o f his o w n attrib u te s “
I .

pass lik e t he b re ez e He is made to say : I s u pp o rt the

,
” “

M o o n de st ro ye r o f fo e s
, .
”
In t he p raye r pre vi o u sl y
1

q uo te d t he N ight was h aile d as t he di st u rbe r o f t he glo o m

which was m e l te d by he r D ivi n e e ffu lge n c e an d t he fiv e ,

poi n te d z igz ags su rm ou n ti n g figs . 2 93 to 2 96 we re t he

sy mbol of thi s e fl ul e n ce
’
g .

Ah b ut I rejo ic e in T he e ,
0 T ho u my G o d
Tho u z ig agge d e fl lge n c e o f t he b urn in g st ars
’

z u .

T ho u w ilderme n t o f in digo light s

Th g ey o rn o f immac ula e fi
o u r h t re
2
.
”

The an ci e n t s re garde d t he n u m be r fiv e as sac re d t o t he

G od o f Light an d t he attribu te s o f D e ity we re h e ld to
,

con si st o ffiv e n ame ly B e i n g Same n e ss D ive rsity M o ti o n

, , , , , ,

an d R e s t T he h o rn s o f fig 2 85 ( a nte p 10 4 ) are d o u btl e ss

1
. . .

fo r thi s reaso n mark e d with fiv e divi si o n s .

I t was t he am bitio n o f t he m ys tic t o be c o m e t he p e rfe ct

c e n tre o f a fiv e fo ld Star
- Th e re fo re 0 my God fashi o n
.
, ,

me i n to a fiv e-p o i n t e d s tar o f R u by b u rn i n g b e n eath the

Th Hi do
1
e p 148
n os , a n o n . , . .

2
Treas ure Ho use of Imag es .

3 Plutarc h , On the E a t Delph i .

 THE H O STS O F THE LO R D 10 9

fo u n dati o n s o f Thy U n ity th at I m ay m o u n t t he P ill ar o f

Thy Glo ry an d b e l o st in ad m i ra ti o n o f t he t ripl e u n ity o f
Thy Go dh e ad .

I Thi s p assage is an e xp re ssi o n o f t he ide a u n de rlyi n g t he

Stars ill u s tra t e d in figs 2 9 7 t o 30 3 . .

Re vi e wi n g t he m ystic arm i e s o f t he sk y w e fin d th e m ,

t o h av e b ee n c o m p o se d o f u n it s typifi e d whil e o n e arth by

oxe n (t he to ili n g a nd e n d u ri n g) sh e e p (t he i n n o ce n t an d
,

p u re ) an d ge e se ( th o se fille d with t he H o ly Spi rit) The

,
.

1
C mo p l “
My O
a re a s o : i My d i g d I h v d i g d it f
n e n e ss s es n an a e es ne or

th ; th
ee f l th thy l w i th it th t th m y t b th D w i g t
e re o re C o e sou a ou a s e e a n n -
s ar

o f My U i ty f e v
n or — F m th A b i S p m P
e r.
”
ro e f B h Ull h
ra c u re e en o a a a .
1 10 THE LO ST LAN GUAG E O F SYMB OL I SM
Starry H o st s— re c ru ite d fro m e arth— we re b e li e ve d t o fight
e v e rl as ti n gly in th e i r c o u r se s a gai n s t dark ne ss a n d t o b e

p e rp e t ually di sp e lli n g an d o u t man oe uvri n g t he spi rit s o f

Evil Le ge n ds o f thi s cycl o p e an c o n te st are t o b e fo u n d in
.

t he an n al s o f all n ati o n s In B abylo n t he l ead e r o f t he

.

“
H o sts o f Light was M ERO DA C H a name me an i n g t he
.
,

yo u n g stee r o f day .A n o th e r o f thi s go d s title s was

’

”
wild bu ll s an d he was al so k n o wn as an n ihilato r
,
“
o f t he e n e my
.
,
”
ro o t e r o u t o f all e vil
”
and tro u ble r o f
t he e vil o n e s .
”
As “
Ki n g o f t he H eave n s M ERO DA C H
w as id e n tifi e d with J U P IT ER as w e ll a s with o th e r h eav e n ly
bo di e s D r P i n ch e s o b se rve s th at t rave rsi n g the sk y in
.
“

rea t z i z a s J U P IT ER s ee m e d t o t he B abyl o n i an s t o su p e r
g g g
i n t e n d t he stars an d th u s was re gard e d as e m ble matic o f
— ‘
M ERO DAC H sh e ph e rdi n g th e m p ast uri ng t he go d s lik e
 THE H O STS O F THE LO R D
”
S h e e p as t he table t ha s it
’
M ER ODA C H it is fu rth e r .
1
,

s ta t e d ran ge d t he s tars in th e ir o rd e r a n d a ss ig n e d t o th e m
,

the i r re sp ective d u ti e s H e made t he n e w m o o n to S hi n e.

“
an d a pp o i n t e d him t he ru l e r o f t he n ight
”
In his .

ch aracte r o f Ill u m i n at o r o f t he N ight M ER O DA C H w as

“
,
”

ide n tifie d with SIN t he m o o n go d an d light pro d u c e r

“
, .
”

S IN fro m wh o m M o u n t Si n ai d e rive d it s n am e w as
, ,
“
d e sc rib e d as t he m igh ty Ste e r wh o se h o rn s are stro n g ,

wh o se l i m b s are p e rfe ct : He was al so said to b e fill e d ”

with spl e n do u r an d be au ty an d to b e t he lo rd o f t he“

2 ”
shi n i n g c ro w n .

In I n di a t he “
Le ade r O f t he m ilch ki n e to t he fo ld
a n d t he e t e rn al battl e r with t he fi e n d s o f dro u ght a n d d ark

n e ss w as I N DR A I N D RA s u pp o se d to h ave b e e n a p e rso n i
.
,

ficat io n o f t he vi s ibl e h e ave n s is d e sc rib e d as t he go d wi t h ,

e ye s in o th e r w o rd s he w as t he Watch e r an d t he
Lo rd o f Stars In t he Ve da s I N D RA is de sc rib e d as like
.
“

”
a b u ll i m p e t u o u s s tr o n g
3
.
, ,

Light w as p riso ned in t he

glo om
,

I n dra fre e d he r fro m it s w o m b .

R ain w as p ris on ed in t he c o u d, l
I d m t e t h e d mo p r d
n ra s o e n ou

Op d t he c av e rn s f t h n ight
e
’
o e
,

G v us rai an d ge n ro us ligh t
a e n e

Ho st s adv an c in g t o t he fray
C ry t o Him o n b at tle s da y
’

A n d t he st ro n
g m an sho ut s his fa m e ,

A n d t he lo w ly lisps his n ame ” 1

.

The Pe rsian s re garde d t he S u pre m e Spi rit O R MU 2 a s

i n ce ssan tly at war with t he S pi rit s o f dark n e ss an d in thi s ,

1
The Re lig ion o f B a by l on ia a nd A ssy ria , The o h p il us G . i
P n c he s, pp .

58-61 , 40 .
2
Ibid , pp . . 82—83 .

3
Dut t, p .
4 .
1
Ibid pp .
, . 6, 9 .
1 12 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
e ve rl asti n g e n c o u n te r m an as a free age n t playe d a part
,

with his so u l as a s tak e .

1

It is u n n e c e ssary t o c o n s ide r in de tail thi s w o rld wide -

be li e f in t he e xi ste n c e O f a H o ly W ar A m o n g t he Gre e k s .

a n d R o m a n s it w as typifi e d by J U P IT ER w arri n g aga i n s t t he

Titan s ; in Sc a n di navi a by t he e n c o u n te rs o f T H O R an d
t he gi a n t s a n d a d rag o n sl ay e r o r a gia n t kil le r se e m s t o b e
,

part o f t he t ra diti o n o f e ve ry E u ro p ean an d O ri e n tal race ,

civili se d o r savage In t he Bab ylo n is t e pic o f C re ati o n

.
,

t he Spirit o f Evil is re p re se n te d a s b ri n gi n g i n t o e xi ste n c e

gian t se rp e n t s sh arp o f to o th a n d st ro n g with p o i so n filli n g

, , ,

th e i r b o di e s lik e bl o o d ; te rribl e d rago n s o f all u ri n g

b rilli an c e ragi n g do gs fishm e n an d o th e r m o n st ro u s fo rm s
, , , .

M EROD A C H t he c o n q u e ro r Of th e se h o rro rs is re p re se n te d
, ,

as s t ridi n g o v e r t he p ro st rat e b o dy o f a s e rp e n t which t u rn s

it s h e ad t o att ack him whil s t t he G o d thre a t e n s it with

a p o i n t e d w e ap o n Th e G re e k s re p re se n t e d APOLLO t he
.
,

G o d o f D ay st ruggli n g with a n d s t ran gli n g a Pyth o n

,
Th e .

Egypti an s p o rtraye d HO R US t re adi n g u p o n c ro c o dil e s and

g raspi n g n o xi o u s a n i mal s in his h an ds C H RIST p ro m i se d .

h is di scipl e s p o w e r t o t read d o w n se rp e n t s an d sc o rpi o n s ,

“
a n d in I sai a h it is p ro ph e s i e d In th at day t he Lo rd with
,

his so re an d gre a t an d s t ro n g sw o rd s h all p u n i s h l e vi ath an

1
S A K p di
. . Th T
a a hi g f Z
a, e tea cp 26 n o o ro a s er , . .
 THE H O STS O F THE LO R D
t he pi e rci n g se rp e n t e ve n l e vi ath an tha t c ro o k e d se rpe n t ;
,

a n d he s h all sl ay t he d rag o n th a t is in t he se a
” 1
In t he .

ill us t rati o n s o n p 1 12 t he radi an t B e i n g is se e n t re a di n g

.
,

do w n s n ake s a n d d rago n s an d in fig 30 5 H e is c arryi n g

, .

t he fiv e p e arl e d e n s ig n o f t he p ro m i se d Da w n
- .

In t he Fi n n i s h ve rs i o n o f thi s u n ive rsal fabl e t he task ,

o f b rid l i n g t he w o lv e s a n d d e s t ro yi n g t he d rago n is ass ig n e d

t o I LMA R INEN ,
t he g re a t pr i m e va l c raft sm an b u t Fi n l an d
b e i n g a lan d o f lak e s an d m ars h e s l o cal co l o u r n e c e ssitate d
,

a f re s h w at e r m o n s t e r
- an d t he d e v as ta ti n g d rag o n th u s
,

fig u re s as a c ru e l an d d e vo u ri n g pike Thi s t e rrib le fan ge d .

v

’
fish w as se ve n b o at s l e n gth in it s back a n d it s e xt e n d e d ,

go rge was th re e gre at rive rs width in breadth I L MA R IN EN

’
.
,

it s co n q ue ro r is i n s t ru ct e d
,

D o n o t t ho u b e so de sp o n de n t ,
Fo rge t he e n o w a fie ry e agle
Fo rge a bird o f fire all fl a mi n g
T his t he m ight y pik e shall ca pt ure .

The l e ge n d c o n ti n u e s
T he n t h e sm it h e e n Ilma i n ,
’
r en
,

D at hle ss a t ist o f t h sm it hy
e r e
,

Fo rge d him s lf a fi e ry e gl e a e

F rge d a b i rd f fire all fl am i n g

o o .

—
T he n t he b i rd ,
t hat n o b e r Cagle ,

To k his fl ight
o
,
a nd u p w ard s ari o n
g
Fo rt h he fle w , t he pi k e t c a p t u
o re .

Afte r a te rribl e co m bat t he d e m o n fish is o ve rco me a n d

f t o t he b ran ch e s o f a n o a k t re e
e ve n t u ally b o rn e O f - .

T he eagl e has al re ady b e e n c o n s ide re d as t he sym b o l o f

t he O m n ip o te n t Spi rit In t he d e sig n s h e re with t he h ead
.

o f an e agl e is bl e n d e d with fiv e ray e d fi e ry fl am e a n d l e s t-

,

1
I i h xx
sa a v n . I. K l l xix R 2
a ev a a , .
, un o .
1 14 THE LO ST LANG UAGE O F SYMB OLI SM
th e re S h o u ld be m i s u n d e rs tan di n g , t he d e sig n e rs o f fi s
'

y an g .

6 nd h v m ph asi se d th e i r m ean i n g by t he S o f
3 0 a 3 7
0 a e e

Sp ritus a n d
i t he St a c ro ss o f L ight
r- T he e agl e may h e re .

b e re garde d as th at H awk o f go l d which w as t he sym bo l

of HO RUS ,
an d which t he sk
y is sa id m ystic ally to m i rro r

T he st ars se e m c o m e t s, rushin g do w n
T o ge m T hy ro b e s, b e de w T hy c ro w n ,
Lik e t he mo o n -plume s o f a st ra n ge b ird,
B y a gre at w in d sub lim ely st i rre d
T ho u draw est t he light o f all t he skies

I n to T hy w ak e 1 .
”

The de s ign h e re with (fig 3 1 1) is l e tte re d O LMUZ p e rh ap s o n e

.
,

a m o n g t he m an y vari an t s o f t he g rea t nam e O R MUz No t .

on ly do t he l e tt e rs SS su pp o rt t he c ro w n b u t the wh o le ,

de s ign is t rac e d in q u ive ri n g li n e s re pre se n ti ng t he flick e ri n g

,

fire o f spi rit .

2
The h e art s h ap e d b o dy of t he bi rd i m pli e s
-

t h e G o d o f L o ve .

The M o o n was as has b e e n se e n t he awake n er an d t he

, ,

ass e mb l e r o f t he stars The Lo rd an d Le ade r o f t he H o st s

.

w as t he S e ve n fo ld Spi rit sym b o li se d by t he Ea gl e b ut thi s ,

se v e n fo ld p o w e r was so m e ti m e s re p re se n t e d by t he co n

s t e ll ati o n k n o w n as t he G re a t B e a r an d in fig 12 thi
3 s
,
.

B e ar is re p re se n te d o n t he Eagl e s breast ’
.

1
A ha ! A Cro w e y
. l
The E q u in ox}, 46, v o l p . . I, NO 3. .

2
i
No te th e fla m n g n e c k s o f ma n y o the r ea g e l l
e mb e ms .
 T HE H O STS O F TH E LO R D 1 15

T he Gree k s re lat e in s tar sto ri e s th at it is t he G re at “

Be ar th at heep s w a tch
”
“ ”
Re d I n di ans h ave a m yth th at
.
1

t he B ear is i m mo rtal a n d th at th o u gh it appare n tly di e s it

, ,
2
ri se s aga i n in an o th e r b o dy Thi s see m s at o n e ti m e t o "
.

h ave bee n a ve ry e xte n s ive b e lie f an d am o n g t he Ain o s (a ,

p ri m itive p e o ple fo u n d in t hC J apan e se I slan ds o f Ye sso

a n d S agh ali e n e b e ar s ti l l re c e iv e s a n ido l a t ro u s v e n e ra
) t h
tio n. Althou gh as P rofe sso r Fraz e r p o i n t s o u t t he
, ,

a n i m al can n o t b e d e scrib e d as sac re d a n d is c e rta i n l y n o t a ,

2
totem, wh
et e n t he A in o s kill a b e ar th e y o th ro u gh a n
y g
ap o l o ge tic a n d pro piti at o ry c e re m o n y ; sayi n g :
“
W e kill yo u -
,

0 B e ar co me back so o n i n to an Ai n o 1 ”
.

The c o n st e l latio n o f t he G re at B e ar was b e li e ve d n e ve r

to se t b u t to k e e p an e ve rlasti n g watch an d ward o ve r the
6
,

u n iv e r se The s e ve n g reat stars th at c o n stit u te t he G re a t

.

B ear h ave no t t he fai n t e st re se m blan c e t o t he fo rm o f a

bear ye t th e y app ear t o b e k n ow n al mo st u n ive rsally by
,

1
.
Custo m and My th ,A Lan g ,
. 128 p . .

2
The G o lden B o ug h , xi—
37 5 37 6
. .

5
Ag e of Fa bl e, Pea coc k , 35 p . .
1 16 THE LO ST LA N GUAG E O F SYMB OL I SM
thi s n am e e ve n a m o n g savage s in wh o se c o u n try n o great
,

b ears e xi s t T he o rigi n o f t he n am e G re at B ear is q u ite

.
1

u n kn o w n alth o u gh
,
Max Mulle r e n de avo u re d t o p ro ve
more suo th at it a ro se f ro m t he c o rru pti o n o f a wo rd m e a n i n g
s o m e thi n g o rigi n al l y di f
fe re n t Thi s c o n st e llatio n was o nc e .

k n o w n as t he Sh e e pfo ld ; an d it w o ul d a pp e ar fro m
2 ”

t he e m bl e m s h e re with th at t he Gr e at B e ar w a s r e garde d as

a sym b o l o f t he G re at Spi rit t he T ripl e P e rfe ctio n ( n o te ,

t he th re e ci rcl e s o n t he c o ll ar o f fig 3 t he L ight o f t he .

W o rld the Alph a a n d O m e ga o r J e su s Ch ri st

, ,
.

The o n ly re as o n I can su rm i se fo r thi s sy m b o li s m is t he

mat e ri al fact th at B e a r s hib e rn a t e du ri n g wi n t e r an d su b

i t
s s l o n g p e ri o d s u po n th e ir o w n fat an d th a t th u s by
fo r ,

t he S i m pl e sy s t e m o f a n a l o gy u n d e rlyi n g all sy m b o li sm t he

B ear b e cam e e l e vat e d i n to an e m bl e m o f t he S e lf-Exi st e n t ,

t he Ev e rla sti n g t he I AM ,
The fo li age a m o ng which t he .

G rea t B e ar in t he o rn am e n t h e re with is seate d is t he m ystic

A maran th a fact c o n firm ato ry Of thi s th eo ry fo r t he
, ,

A m aran th o f t he p o e ts w as a fam ilar an d we ll-re c o gn i se d

sy m b o l o f t he e v e rl asti n g an d t he in c o rr u ptibl e
2
.

C t m
1
us o d My th A L g pp
an 1— 42 ,
. an , . 12 1 .

Th P f t W y p 33
2
e e r ec a , . 1 .

Am
3
t = th
a ra n os v l ti g It b l d d fl w
e e e r as v fd b t
n . s oo -re o e r ne er a e s, u

re m i d t th l t
a n s re o Cf Milt
e as . on

Im m t l A m “
th fl w wh i h
or a a ra n ,
a o er c o nc e

I P di f t b y th T
n a ra of Li f
se , as e ree e,

t bl f m
’
B g m b t
e un o off oo u so o n or an s e nc e ,

T H v m v d wh
o eafi t it g w —P di Lo t
e n re o e e re rs re
”
. a ra se s .
 THE H O STS O F THE LO R D

VO
1 18 THE LO ST LA N GUAG E O F SYMB OL I SM
Theco n st e l lati o n o f t he Great B ear c o n si st s o f Se ve n
Great Stars t w o Of which poi n t t o t he P o l e Star t he fixe d
, ,

hi n ge an d pivo t u po n which t u r n s t he U n ive rse The .

reaso n why t he an ci e n t s ch ri ste n e d t he c o n ste ll ati o n of t he

Gre at B ear by thi s appare n tly i napp ro p ri ate n am e was in all
p ro bability it s c o n stit u ti o n o f Sev en Gre at Stars The .

as so ci a ti o n o f Sev en with t he Spi rit o f G o d has p e rs i st e d to

t he p re se n t day a n d Ch ri sti an s still s p ea k o f t he sev enfo l d

,

gift s Of the Sep tifo rm Spi rit O R MUZ t he su pr e m e G o d o f .

,

Light w as said to S it at t he h ead o f a Hi e rarchy o f Sev en

,
1
Holy I mm o rtal s O f I N DRA t he Ve das stat e
.

Sev en b righ t rays b e de c k his b ro w ,

Sv
e e n
gre a t riv e rs fro m h im fl o w
”
2
.

The Hi n do os d e scrib e O M t he so lar fire as ridi n g in a car , ,

dr aw n by sev en gre e n h o rse s p re c e d e d by t he Dawn a n d ,

fo llo we d by thou san d s o f Ge n ii wo r shippi n g him an d

m od u lati ng his prai se s 3
The Egyptian s e xpre sse d t he .

‘
n a me of t he S u p re m e B e i n g by a w o rd o f sev en vo we l s an d ,

t he as so ci ati o n of se v e n wi t h t he G rea t Spi rit w as appare n tl y

“
u n iv e r sal .

I t is e vide n t th at t he m ys tic has in all age s c o n ce ive d

hi mse lf as a m i n i at ure fac s i m il e of t he Spi rit ual Po w e rs
above him an d th e r e is s mall d o u bt th at t he d e vi se r s o f
,

th e se B ear e m bl e m s se lf— applyi n g t he w o rd s o f I sai ah ,

6
,

Th R g d E V A
1 e i ld p 9
ve a, . . rn o , . 1 .

D tt p
1
u ,
. 10 .

Th H i d
3 e p 155 n oo s , . .

1
Th G ti e Ki g p 3 9
n os cs, n ,
. 1 .

Pl t
5
h di
u a rc i g th symb li m f mb
, sc uss n y A d wh t d e o s o nu e rs , sa s n a n ee

i th
s t t lk b
e re o t th a th wh th S v
a ou d t A p ll w ill l
e O e rs en e e e n , s ac re o o o, a on e

e xh t th wh l d y h ld
a us e tt m p t t
o e a m t,
ll it p p t i ?
s ou one a e o e nu e ra e a s rO er es

I thn x t pl w h ll p v th t th W i M q
e ne ac e , e s ll d w i th mm
a ro e a e se en ua rre e co on

t m
c us o w illas w i th l g t d i ti whas th y p h d d w th S v
on f m ra on , en e us e o n e e en ro

it pl
s fh
a ce o d d di t d th Fiv
o n o ur a n t th e g d th m e p p ly ca e e e un o o as e o re ro er

p t i i
er a n ng t h im — O th E t D lphi
o
”
. n e a e .

‘
1 lix .
—
9 11 .
 TH E H O STS O F TH E LO RD 11
9

re garde d th e m se lve s as littl e be ars : W e wait fo r light “

,

b u t b e h o l d o b sc u rity : fo r b right n e ss b u t w e walk in ,

dark ne ss W e ro ar all lik e b ears an d mo u rn so re like

.

”
d o ve s . Wh e re fo re c o n ti n u e s I sai a h t he Al m ighty
, ,

wo n de re d th at th e re w as n o i n t e rc e ssi o n an d cl o aki n g , ,

Hi m se lf with z e al rai se d u p a s tan dard agai n s t H is

,

e n e m ie s The c all o f t he Spi rit w as sym b o li se d by t he

.

H o rn asso ci at e d with t he de s ig n s h e re with .

O b se rve ho w at t he so u n d o f thi s H o rn t he G rea t

Bear is awake n e d fro m t he i m p assive p o se o f t he p re c e di n g

de s ig n s an d t ransp o rte d i n t o a n attit u de o f f u ry Acc o rd .

acc o rdi n gly He will re pay

”
in g t o th e i r de e d s say s I sa i a h
, ,

His a dv ersa ries

” 1
fury to .

Th a t H o rn typifi e d the C al l of t he Spi rit is m an ife st

t he
f ro m t he S o f Sp iritus in fig 32 3 an d by t he SS o f Sa nctus.
,

Sp iritus i n t ro d u c e d i n to figs 32 6 a n d 32 5 N o t e al so t he
. .

C ro ss o f Lu x su rm o u n ti n g fig 324 . .

Th e re is a MS in t he B riti s h M u se u m (e le ve n th
.

ce n t u ry) wh e re i n D A V ID is r e p re se n te d re c e ivi n g i ns pi ratio n

,

fro m t he H o ly Spi rit in t he f o rm o f a Do ve O verh e ad .

t he D ivi n e H a n d p roj e ct s f ro m a c l o u d a n d e xte n d s a H o rn

,

fro m which i ssu e fiv e fl am e s o r ray s o f light .

2

1
lix 8. 1 .
2
C f Ch i ti Sy mb li m M H
. r s an
yJ p 4
o s ,
rs en r e n n e r, . 0.
12 0 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL I S M
Th e Th re e Ray s striki n g do w n o n to fig 32 8 are t he .

Th re e Light Ray s th at o cc u r fre q u e n tly in Egypti an hi e ro

l
g yp h ics ; t
1
h e m o re m o d e rn d esc e n d an t o f th e se thr e e r ay s

is t he th re e l o b e d Fl e u r de Lys wh e n ce t he h e raldic th ree

-
,

fe ath e rs o f t he Pri n c e o f Wal e s .

In Scan di n avi an m yth o l o gy t he Hor n was fabl e d t o b e

32 5

p re se rve d d e r Yggdrasill t he sac re d wo rld tre e Acc o rd

un ,
-
.

t he m id s t o f H e av e n
“ ”
in g t o t he Fi n n s it w as in,
an d ,

t he Ka lev a la att rib u t e s t o it t he same m agic al p ro p e rti e s o f

m a ki n g t he d e s e rt bl o sso m lik e t he ro se as w e re assign e d to ,

t h e H o ly G ra il

Fe t c h t he c o w -ho rn fro m a dist a n c e ,

Fe t ch it fro m t he m idst o f he av e n
B rin g t he m e ad-ho rn do w n fro m h e av e n ,
Let t he ho n e y-ho rn b e so u n de d.

1
S ig ns a nd Sy m bo ls f
o Pr im or dia l Al a n , A . W . Ch urc h wa rd , pa ss im .
 THE H O STS O F THE LO RD
B lo w in t o t he ho rn t he n st ro n g ly ,

A nd re pe at t he t u n e s re so un din g

B lo w t he n fl o w e rs u p on t he h u m mo c k s,
B lo w t he n fair t he he at hlan d s b o rde rs
’

Mak e t he m e ado w
’
s b o rde rs lo v e ly ,

A n d t he fo re st bo rde rs c harmin g,
B o rde rs o f t he m arshe s 1

The i n e ffa bl e m u sic o f thi s m ystic h o rn is i n t ro d u c e d by

Te n nyso n as a p re l u d e t o t he vi si o n o f t he H o ly Grail
A t de ad o f n ight I he a d a so un d r

A s o f a silv e r h r f o m e r t he hills
’
o n r o

B lo w n a d I th o ght It is n o t A rt h ur s u se
,
n
‘
u
,
’

T o h un t b y m light an d t h sle n d r so u d
oon e e n
,

A s fro m dist an c e b e yo n d dist an c e gre w ,

a

C o m in g u po n m e — O n e v e r harp n o r ho rn ,
No r aught w e b lo w w it h b reat h, o r t o uc h w i t h han d,
W as l ik e t hat m usic as it c am e .
”
2

Som e ti m es t he H o rn was du l ce t in its c all ; at o th e r

ti me s it was t he th u n d e ro u s t ru m p e t rally o f the go d s an d ,

it fig u res sig n ifican tly in o u r fai ry-tal e of J ack t he Gi an t

Kill e r. J ack h avi n g o ve rc o m e c e rtai n n o to ri o us gi an t s
, ,

arriv e s at t he e n ch a n t e d c as tl e o f t he i n fa m o u s G A LLIG A NT U A .

Aid e d by a wick e d c o nj u re r G A LLIG A NT UA has b e t raye d ,

man y k n ight s an d l adi e s i n to his c astl e an d by bl ack ,

magic has tran sfo rm e d th e m i n to di sg rac e fu l sh ap e s On .

1
R un o , xxxu .
2 The Ho ly G ra il .
 12 2 THE LO ST LA NG UA G E O F SYMB O LI SM
a dvan ci n g to t he a ttack o f thi s c astl e o f i n iq u ity t he h e ro ,

J ack fi n d s h an gi n g u p o n t he o u te r do o r a go ld e n h o rn
s t ru n g o n a s i l v e r c hain an d u n d e rn e a th t he h o rn are in ,
.

sc r ib e d t he l i n e s

W h e v e r shall t his t ru m p e t b l w
o o

Sh ll s n t h gia t v rt hr w a oo e n o e o
,

A d b r k t h b lac k n c han t m e t t r i ht
ea
g e en n s a

ll sh ll b e in happ y st at e 1
”
S o a a .

J ack so u n d s a blast wh e re u p o n t he c astl e t re m bl es t o its

,

vast fo u n dati o n s a n d t he gia n t an d t he c o nj u ro r th ro w n

, ,

i n to h o rrid c o n fu si o n te ar th e i r h ai r a n d bite th e i r th u m b s
,

a t t he k n o wl e dge th a t th e i r i n fam o u s re ign is a t a n e n d .

In due c o u rse J ack sl ay s t he gi an t t he t ran sfo rm e d l o rd s ,

an d l a di e s a re s e t fre e a n d re t u rn t o th e i r p rop e r s h ap e s ,

a n d t he e n ch a n t e d c as tl e c ru m bl e s away i n t o t he a ir lik e a

wi s p o f sm o k e I t is p ro babl e th at thi s fai ry tale is a

2
.
-

ve i le d all ego ry th at t he e n slave d an d t ran sfo rm e d l o rd s an d

,

l adi e s typify t he n o bl e q u aliti e s an d prin c 1ple s o f t he m i n d

o r City o f t he S o u l a n d th a t t he wick e d gi an t is t he e rso n ifi
, p
c ati o n o f V ic e Se lfishn ess o r Mam m o n ju st as t he gi a n ts o f
, , ,

m yth o l o gy which t he G re e k s p o rtraye d with d rag o n like

,
-

t ail s typifi e d t he l u st s a n d p assi o n s o f t he so u l It was

,
.

p re ttily fe ig n e d by t he st o ry te ll e rs th a t t he gian t s de v o ure d -

s h e e p a n d o x e n i e t he i n n o c e n t a n d i n d u s t ri o u s p ri n cipl e s
, . .

in t he littl e w o rl d o f Man .

In N o rth ern m yth o l o gy t he H o rn fig u re s as t he p ro p e rty

o f H EIMD A L t he w a tch m an o f t he go d s w ho wa s s ta ti o n e d
3
, ,

by t he R ai n b o w B ridge i n to Valh alla wh e re he m ai n t ai n e d ,

a n u n sl e e pi n g vigil ag ai n s t t h e attack s an d m ac h i n a ti o n s o f
'

t he gi an t s I am fo rc e d t o t he co n cl u si o n says P ro fe sso r
.
,
”

1
E g li h F i y T l
n s J J b p
a r a es , . ac o s, . It I .

2Th t y f J
e s or i h ll p i g t th
o er c d f th ilv t mp t i
o co a s n a e so un o e s er ru e s s

p b b l y v i t f th i f b l
ro a a ar an o s a e.
3
H i md l w
e i g i lly i d t i l w i th Ty i d t b th
a a s or na f
en ca r, s a o e e s o urc e o o ur

wor dT d y
ue s —No t} m My t h l g y F K fm
a .
”
r ze p 69 o o , . au an n , . .
 T HE H O STS O F THE LO RD 12 3

Rydbe rg, th at H e i mdal b e l o n gs to t he an ci e n t

Aryan A ge an d re tai n e d e ve n t o t he d e cay Of t he Te u to n ic
,

h eath e n dom his an ci e n t ch aracte r as t he p e rson al r e pre se n ta

tive o f t he sac re d fire 1
At t he cl ario n call o f H EIMDA L S
.
” ’

h o rn t he go ds an d h e ro e s m u ste re d fo r t he c o n te st it b e i n g
, ,

said th at th e re we re fiv e h u n dre d an d e ighty do o rs in

2
Valhalla an d th at e ight h u n dre d warriors p o ure d o ut fro m
,

e ach do o r wh e n th e y h eard t he s u m m o n s t o fight t he

” “
wo lf.
8
Acco rdi n g t o M ILT ON The to we r s of h eav e n ,
”
are fill e d with arm e d w atch an d o n t he a tt ack of S at a n ,

Mi c hael did so un d

T he A rc han ge l t ru m e t p t hro u gh t he v ast of He av e n

It so un de d, an d t he fait hful arm ie s ra n
g
Ho san n a t o t he Hi ghe st .
” 4

In F re n ch Ro m an c e t he far-fam e d H o rn fig ure s as t he
pro p e rty o f t he l e ge n dary h e ro RO LA N D an d t he Horn o f ,

Rolan d is said t o h av e b e e n a w id e ly u n de rs to od sym bo l o f

“
h e re tical p reachi ng Acco rdi n g to the F re n ch lege n d it had
.
,

t he t e rrific p o w e r o f sh att eri n g t he g ran it e rock s a n d o f ,

maki n g itse lf h e ard fu ll fift ee n l eag u e s away So t e r ribl e w as .

t he e n d e avo u r with which ROLA N D so u n d e d his m y s ti c hor n

that his te m p le s c racke d with t he e ffo rt an d t he bl o o d ‘

stream e d f ro m his m o u th Ye t r u n s t he s to ry his p ai n s

.
, ,
”
we re n o t fru itl e ss fo r n o w t he Fre n ch m e n l i ste n
,
Fig . .

3 92 m a
y re p re s e n t e q u ally w e ll e it he r RO LA ND c ar e e ri n g o n
‘

h o rse b ack an d rallyi n g t he Fre n ch m e n with his ro u s i n g c all ,

o r H EIMDA L t he Sc a n di n avi an h o r n bl o w e r
,
m o u n t e d u po n ,

his famo u s s te e d G o ldt o p an d asse m bli n g t he H e ro es fo r

°
,

t he fi nal fight .

T t i My th p 4 5
1
eu o n c ,
. 0 .

8 =
2 =th h d e df ld
00 e g un t r o re e n e ra e

Ti E dd p 33
3
le a, . P di L t vi
.
4
a ra se os ,
.

5
Da n te, Euge n e A ro ux .

5
Nor thern My thology , F . Ka ufm a n n, p . 83 .
 12 4 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
It w as ci e n t c u s to m in t he Sc o tti sh Highlan ds to
an an

s u m m o n th e cl a n s fo r w ar by m e an s o f a fi e ry c ro ss carri e d

s wiftly by fl e e t m esse n ge rs fro m plac e t o pl ac e Thi s mys te ri

.

o us but neve r faili n g c all t o arm s c o n si st e d o f a small c ro ss o f

-

light w o o d dipp e d i n t o t he blo o d o f a go at a n d se t aflam e

.

a t it s e xt re m iti e s Fig 330 app e ars t o ill u strate thi s m ys tic

. .

su mm o n s The c ro ss is p o i se d b e twee n t he h o rn s of t he
.

a wak e n i n g a n d rallyi n g M o o n it s su mm it is be i n g ano i n te d

“
with wh at a m ystic wo u ld te rm t he i n u n dati n g fire o f
t he V o id an d t he Obj e ct s
,
h an gi n g fro m t he e xte n de d
arm s re p re se n t p re su m ably e ith e r d ro p s o f bl o o d o r fl e ck s

o f fl am e . Figs 33 1 a n d 332 ill u st rate t he i n spi ri n g call

.

“
o f t he P ro ph e t JO EL Blo w ye t he trum p e t in Zi o n an d
,
”
so u n d a n al arm in m H o ly M o u n t ai n an d agai n Bl ow
y , ,
 THE H O STS O F THE L O R D
t he tr u mpe t in Zio n san ctify a fast call a so le m n asse m bly
, , ,
”
gath e r the pe o pl e sa n ctify t he co n gre gati o n s
,
Thi s .

blo wi n g o f t he t ru m p e t was a pre l u de to t he Mil le n n i u m

wh en t he Lo rd shall u tt e r H is vo ic e b e fo re His army fo r ,
" 1
His cam p is ve ry gre at .

Min e ye s hav e se e n t he glo ry f t he c min g f t he Lo rd

e o o o

He has so u de d f rt h t he t rum pe t t hat shall ne v e r c all re t re at

n o .

O ve r t he H o rn shown in fig 333 is a h amme r-h ead e x .

,

p ressive o f t he ve r se “
Is n o t m y wo rd like as a fire
,
saith

t he Lo rd ; an d like a ha mmer th at bre ak e th t he ro ck in

pi e ce s In co nj u n cti o n with t he H o rn o f fig 334 is a . .

fl ame in t he fo rm o f a swo rd .

At ti me s t he sym b o l ic Horn was asso ciate d with a

B el l which acco rdi n g to DU RA NDU S typifi e d ac u te an d
, ,

i n si ste n t p re achi n g The Bell forme d an e sse n ti al e le me n t

.

in O ri e n tal re ligi o u s u sage an d in C e l tic Chri sti an ity it w as

,

re ga rd e d by n e w c o n ve rt s a s t he act ual typ e o f t he G o d

h ead .
3
O f the 2 58 B ell e mble m s ill ustrate d by Mo n s .

B riq u e t 2 39 are de co rate d with threefo ld to ps t he tre fo il

, , ,

t he Fl e u r de Lys o r t he thr ee ci rcl e s o f Pe rfe ctio n— an d all

,

t he d e sig ns h e re with are asso ci ated by s i m ilar e mb l e m s o f

t he D e ity . Fig 336 is di sti n gu i she d by t he i n iti als of
.

J e su s Re de mpto r an d th e re is little do u bt that t he

,

sy m b o l i s t s re gard e d t he B e ll n o t o n l y as t he c al l o f C H RIST ,

b u t as a s ig n Of C H RIST Hi mse lf It is r e late d th at wh e n

.
- '

e ve r t he fa ith o r t he right was in j eo p ardy a B e ll ran g in ,

t he Te m pl e O f t he S an gr eal a n d th at o n t he so u n di n g of
th at B e ll a K n ight we n t fo rth sword in han d in its d e fe n c e .

B e lls w e re fable d to p o ssess t he p o we r o f di spe ll i n g

plagu e s sto rm s an d u n cl ean spirit s an d ST AN T HON Y
, , , ,

who se e xp e ri e n ce with e vi l spi rits was pro ve rbiall y e x

1
J l u
oe u. .

3
J r m i h xxiii 29
e e a . .

3 Th G no ti
e Ki g C W p 7 2 ( r t dit i )
s cs , n , . .
, . s e on .
12 6 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OLI SM
te n sive is said t o h ave go ne am o n g t he ru i n e d t em ples
,

o f p agan i s m ro u ti n g o u t by m e an s o f his b e ll t he de vil s

th at i n fe ste d th e m At t he mo de rn c o n se cr ati o n o f a be ll
.
,

t he Bi sh o p say s pr aye rs o ve r it which ab o u n d in m y stic

all u si o n s ; a mo n g s t o th e rs t o t he t ru m p e t d e st ro yi n g t he
,

wall s o f J e ric h o an d t he th u n der d rivi n g back t he P hi l i s ti ne s

at Sam u e l s sac rifice

’
The G olden Legend o p e n s with Sat a n
.
1

an d t he s pi rits o f t he air s we e pi n g aro u n d t he u n s il e n c ea bl e

be lls an d st rivi ng in vai n t o das h do w n an d de st ro y th e m .

The B e ll s o f t he Spi rit— th at o ctave o f t he R e na i ssan c e

which t he my stic s ke pt p e ali n g thro ugh o u t t he l o n g vigil
o f t he D ark Ag es a re r e l at e d t o
,

T he c he e rful c o c k t he sad n ight s c o mfo rt e r

’
, ,

W ait in g u
p o n t he risin
g of t he su n .
” 2

Curio us My ths of the Middle A g es , S B ar ng -G o u d,

. i l p . 609 .

2
Corn el ia , T Kyd, 159 5
. .
 THE H O STS O F THE LO R D
Figs .
34 3 t o re p re se n t t hi s “
na tive b e ll m an o f t he
n ight w ho
Ri n gs his sil v e r b e ll l p y w ight
t o e ac h s e e

T hat s ho u ld t h e ir m in ds u p t de v t io n c all
o o .
” 1

Alth o u gh t he c o ck was re ga rd e d with di sfavo u r by t he

o rthod o x ch u rch as b e i n g so me wh at o f a d e vil s m e sse n ge r
’

fo r h avi n g c ro we d at Pe te r s de n ial amo n g t he p o e t s it has

’

u n iv e rsally b e e n h a il e d as t he Tru m p e t e r o f Da
y
“
Me .

th o u ght I saw w rite s o n e o f t he Eliz ab e th a n s

,

A o yal glim m e rin g light st e ami g al ft

r r n o
,

A s T it a m u t d t he lio n s b ac k
’
n o n e on

Had c l t he d him se l f i fi e ry p in t d b e am s
o n o e
,

T c h se t he ight an d e n t e rt ai t he m m
o a n n o
,

Y e t sc arc e had C ha t ic le r u g t he mid ight p e al 2

n r n n .
”

1
F i Q
a er e Sp
u een e, Bk 5 t vi
e n s e r, .
, can o .

2
Th O de f th G t
r er o G e P l 593
a r er , e o. ee e, I .
12 8 THE LO ST LAN G U A G E O F SYMB OL I SM
The c o ck figu r e s in Sc an di n avi an m yth o l o gy u n d e r t he n am e
o f G ullin k am b i i e i i lik th t
( g o l dco m b ),
a n d h
. is.m s s o n , e a of

H EIMDA L , was t o awak e n an d sp ee d for th t he H e ro e s 1

.

The o rigin o f Chan t icle r s sym boli s m w as pro b ably

’

two fo ld He h ai le d t he ri si n g su n an d he p o sse sse d a

.

cri mso n c o mb, which o ne may surm i se , was tak e n t o

re pre se n t t he z igz agge d e fl ulge n ce o f t he day an d t he fie ry
'

po i n t e d beams of m o rn i n g Th u s t he C o ck was do u bly .

sacr e d t o t he Su n , an d he w a s r e gard e d as t he H e ral d w ho

an n ou n ce d t he Co m i ng of APOLL O .

Fat he r o f Light s w hat sun n

y se e d,

W hat glan c e o f day hast T ho u c o n fin d ’

I n to t his bird ? T o all t he b re e d

This b usy ray T ho u hast assig d n
’

T heir magne t ism w o rk s all n ight ,

A nd dreams o f Paradise an d light

” 2
.

It is f Chi n ese faith th at th e i r su n an d S avi o u r

a poi n t o

Z a s e n te r s t he worl d at m id n ight o f t he 2 4 t h day o f t he

rat h mo n th O n that occasio n a go lde n cock which is said
.

to b e se at e d o n t he top mo st bo u gh of t he Tree o f Life

doe s no t wait fo r t he dawn , b u t in h o n ou r o f t he adve n t
o f t he spirit ual s u n cro w s all n ight l o n g T he ch aracte r .

of thi s allego ric cock is p o i n te d by t he state me n t that wh e n

“
he b e gi ns to cro w, all the cock s in t he w o rld are th u s
”
stirre d u p an d b e gi n to crow The Chi n ese b e li e ve th at .

it is t he c o ck s fu n ctio n to awake n t he glo ri o u s su n wh ich ,

’

in di sp e lli n g dark ne ss, is h el d to di sp e r se t he e vil s pi rit s o f

n ight Th e se spi rits, so t he Chi n e se thi n k, abh o r t he
.

tr u th o f t he S u n s l ight an d shri n k back i n t o t he dark ne ss

’

o f H e ll
3
Tha t t he co ck was t he sp e ci al fo e of d e mo n s
.

Northern My thology, Kaufma nn , p .

96 .
3 H V aughan
. .

3 l i i i
Pre sumab y th s is the o r g n o f the o u a r dea th a t g h osts n e c es sa r y p pl i il
li
s n k ho me a t c o c k c ro w Mr J W J o hn ston ha s se era a n c e nt am s made
. . . v l i l p
in each form .
 THE H O STS O F THE LO R D
an d t he po we r o f dark n e ss
i m ilarly t he be l i e f o f o th e r
w as s

n ati o n s an d,
in t he Av esta O RMU Z Hi msel f is m ade t o
, ,

tran slate t he mo r n i n g so n g o f t he co ck i n to t he wo rd s
Ri se ye m e n an d prai se t he j u stice which is m o st p e rfe ct .

" 1
B e h o ld t he de m o n s are pu t t o flight In t he sym b o lic
writi n g o f t he Chi n e se t he Su n is still r e pre se n te d by a
'

co ck in a ci rcl e } a n d a c o n sci e n ti o u s Pa rs ee wo uld su fle r

de ath rath e r th a n b e g u ilty o f t he c ri m e o f killi n g o ne .

In fig 34 8 t he Bi rd o f D aw n is cl appi n g his gold e n wi n g s

.

as t he S u n ri se s b e hi n d him .

J u st c tly C han t icle r has be e n rath e r p ro m i n e n tly

re e n

b e fo re t he p u blic o wi n g t o t he ge n i u s o f M Ro s tan d t he .
,

Pro ve n cal p o e t T he sy m bo li s m o f M Ro stan d s drama

. .
’

is d e sc rib e d by M J e an D e l ai re as fo l lo ws
.
3

“
Ch an t e cl e r is t he type no t o n ly o f ev olv ing b u t o f ,

ev olv ed h u ma n ity He is m a n a s he m ay b e man as he

.
,

will b e wh e n he has f u l ly re ali se d t he divi n ity late n t withi n

him . H e typifi e s t he h u man ity o f t he f u t u re as w e ll as ,

o f t he p as t a n d t h e p re se n t .

At fi rst w e s ee Ch an te cl e r as ma n o n ly at t he cl o se o f
1
Te u to n ic My tho logy ,
R ydb e rg , p
30 5 . .

2
Sy m bo lic L a ng u ag e of A r t a n d My t ho logy, R Pa yn e -
. K i g ht p
n ,
.
70 .

3
In Th e Occul t R e v ie w .
130 TH E LO ST LANGUAGE OF SYMB OLI SM
t he bl i me po e m w e se e him as t he G o d ih —m an W e
su - .

h ail in him a h u man ity th at has l earn e d its su p re m e l e sso n ,

th at has reach e d a po i n t in it s e vo l u ti o n wh e n it n o t o n ly
p e rc e ive s t he Ideal b u t is wil l i n g t o die fo r it ; wh e n it is
,

n o t o n ly re ady t o die fo r it b u t— in fin ite l m o re diflic u lt

y ,

task— to re ali se it in it s dai ly life It s ideal has b e co me .

t he id e al o f serv ice fi r lov e : sa ke

“
The u t m o st fo r t he
’

High e st .

H is ill u si o n s sh atte re d his d re am di sp e ll e d his l o ve , ,

al i e n at e d his m e ss age ridic u l e d

,
Cha n t e cl e r ye t ri se s abo ve ,

de spai r nay in his ho u r o f d e spai r he is stro n ge r th a n e ve r

, ,

m o re ab so l u t e ly c o n vi n c e d o f his m i ss i o n mo re c o m p l e te ly ,

fai t hf u l t o his t ru st H e w ill b eli e ve in his h e av e n

.

a pp o i n t e d t ask e ve n th o ugh h eave n it se lf se e m s agai n s t

,
’
him e ve n th o u gh t he s u n has ri se n whil e he Ch a n te cl e r
, , ,

li st e n e d e n t ranc e d to t he vo ic e o f t he N ighti n gal e He

, , .
'

w ill b e li e ve hi mse lf n e c e ssary t o Na t u re s pl an Fo r is n o t

'

m an hi m se lf o n e o f t he c o sm ic fo rc e s th at s h ap e t he wo rld 3
“
W ho k n o w s he a sk s with t he su bli me au dacity o f
,

g e n i u s w ho k n o ws th at if I si n g daily m y so n g o f daw n
, ,

a n d aft e r m e in o th e r fa rm s o th e r bi rd s tak e u t he re f ra i n
, p ,

of m
y so n g e v e ry m o m
,
fo r a l o n g l o n g whil e w ho k n o w s
, , ,

if so m e day— so me day— th e re will b e no m o re n ight

Si je c ha n t e , e xac t , so n o re , e t si, so n o re ,

Ex ac t , b ie n a pré s mo i, pe n d an t l
on
g p
t e m s e n c o re ,

C haq ue fe rm e a so n C o q q ui c ha n t e da n s sa c o u r,

Je c ro is q u il ’
n
’

y a ura pl us de n u it

Q u an d
Un jo ur l

W as y y s te m
an o f id e ali s tic phil o so phy e ve r m o re
s

p re ci se in it s m e ssage a n d it s p ro m i se ? Think t he id e al ,

liv e t he id e al a n d it b e c o m e s t he re al it w e av e s it se l f i n to
, ,

o u r da ily life it b e c o m e s p art o f o u rse l f it b e c o m e s o u r

, ,
 THE H O STS O F THE LO R D 13 1

true st i n mo st se lf Le t all man ki n d ch e ri s h lo fty id eal s

,
.
,

l o ve t he light de si re t he light s umm o n t he light in it s

, ,

d aily aspi rati o n s an d lo t he light is th e re ill u m i n i n g t he

, , ,

wo rld— t he i n n e r wo rl d— fo r e ve r .

Ch an t ecl e r do e s n o t k no w w hen thi s day will dawn b u t

,

it will co me — ‘
so m e day
’
an d m ean whil e — ‘
to
wo rk I
 C HA PTER V II

KI N G S OLO M ON
Ma n is not dust, ma n is
dus t, Is a y n ot

li i
A g htn n g s ub s ta n c e th roug h h is b e n g i run s

A fla me he k no w s n o t o f ume s h is c ay ill l
i
Th e c os m c fire tha t fe eds th e s wa rm ng i su n s .

As g i ldan t w o r s, se n t s pi i g i t p
nn n n o s ac e ,

H ld i t h i
o n e r c e n tre s till t h pe t fl
a re n a me

So m w i t h i th
an , n a t un di sc ov d pl
e re ac e

His c e n tre — sto re s th l i g h t f o m w h i

e r ch he c a me .

Man is n o t fle sh, ma n is n o t fle s h, b ut fire

His se n s e s c he a t h im an d h is s o n e s vi i li .

i
S w fte r a n d k e e n e r th a n h is s o u s de s re ,
’
l i
Th e flam e t h a t m o th e rs him e lud hi es s e ye s .

li
Pu s n g b e n e ath all b o d e s, e re b e g un i
l i illi
F ash n g a n d thr n g c ose b e h n d t h e sc re e n ,l i
A sa c re d s ub sta n c e , b n d n g a s t h e s un , li i
Ye arn s fo r m a n s re c o g n t o n in the s e e n
’
ii .

A NG ELA MORG A N .

THE an ci e n ts pp o se d that t he so u l c o n si ste d o f fo u r

su

e le me n ts ,fire air e arth a n d w at e r ; a n d th at th e se wh e n

, , , ,

u n ite d ,
t o o k t he fo rm o f fire a n d b e came fla me Thi s .

h eave n ly c o m po siti o n w as sc att e re d like se e d am o n g m e n

an d a n i m al s wh e re it b e cam e m i n gl e d in vari o us p ro p o r
,

ti o n s with eart h a n d it s p u rity m o re o r l e ss all o ye d an d

,

i m p ai re d It was be li e ve d th at aft e r d eat h t he i m p u riti e s

.

o f m att e r w e re p u rge d away by i m m e rs i n g t he so u l in

wat e r ve n til ati n g it in t he c u rre n t s o f t he wi n d o r re fin
, ,

in
g it by fi re T he S u p re m e Spi rit w a s id e ali se d as im
.

132
 KI N G S OLO M ON
m ac u la te fire an d ym bo li se d
s as a p u re an d l
e emen a t l fl am e
burn i n g in in fin it u de i
A m o n g t he Chi n e se thi s i n fi n ite
,
O n e w as garde d as
re

a fix e d p o i n t o f daz z li n g l u m i n o s ity , aro u n d which ci rcl e d

in the pr e m e s t gl o ry o f m o ti o n t he so ul s o f th o se w ho
su

had su cc e ssf ully passe d th ro ugh t he o rd e al s o f earth an d

had ade q ua t e ly p u rifi e d th e i r c o rp o re al gro ss n e ss l
.

In t he p re c e di n g ch apte r an i ll u st rati o n w as give n o f

t he h e ad o f an E agl e a s so ci a t e d with t he c o sm ic Fl am e .

Thi s spi rit ual Fire of t he U n ive r se is s h o w n h e re with as

H A G il
1
. . R ligi
e s, f A i t Chi
e o n: o p 48
n c en na , . .

V OL . I
.
134 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL ISM
t he go al o f asce n t an d in figs 350 353 it appe ars as o n e o f
, .
-

t he Way s T he l e tt e rs I H S fo rm i n g t he c e n t re o f fig
. .

3 55 p ro v e J e s u s Ch ri s t t o h ave b e e n id e n tifi e d with t he

Fi re o f Life an d t he co n tracti o n m ark s u rm o u n ti n g t he

,

m o n o gra m IHS h o ws th at th e se l e tt e rs we re c o rre ctly

s

u n d e r sto o d an d e m pl o ye d in th e i r o rigi n al m ean i n g

l H S O U S n o t in th e i r m o d e rn m i si n te rp re te d se n se
,

a lv a tor H ominum
(D em:
( )
S ( ) .

Fro m Fl ame as t he sym bo l o f Spi rit t o t he S u n t he

, ,

Ce n t re an d S u stai n e r o f t he mate ri al U n ive rse t he P ri mal

,

So u rc e an d O rigi n wh o se light an d wa rm th c re ati o n live s

in
a n d m o ve s a n d has it s b e i n g is l e ss th an a s t e p
,
.In t he
Su n e m bl e m s h e re re p ro d u ce d t he so l ar fe a t u re s are n ot
cl u m s ily e xe c u te d b u t p ro ve u p o n clo se sc ru ti n y to b e
,

s u ppl e m e n t ary s y m b o l s .

Th re e sm all ci rcle s o f p e rfe cti o n fo rm the Fac e o f fig .

T h H e art o f fig 36 0 is t he s y m b o l o f Lo ve an d if
35 9 . e .
,
 KI NG S OLO M ON
fig .
361 b e t u rn e d u p side do w n th e re ,
is re v e al e d t he s ig n
o f t he c ro ss .

T he S o f Sp iritus is attach e d t o fig 361 a n d t hi s 3 al so .

app e ars in t he c e n t re s o f fi s 362 3 64 a n d 36 I t o t he

g 5 n .
, .

fac e o f fig 362 t he d e vi se r has i n ge n i o u sly i n t ro d uc e d t he

.

c re sc e n t m o o n a n d t he alte rnati n g s harp an d twi s ti ng rays

,

o f fig 366 p ro b ably d e n o te re sp e ctiv e ly t he pi e rci n g b eam s

.

o f L ight a n d t he fl am i n g fi re s o f L o ve .

369

c e n tre o f fig 367 is n o t t he co nve n ti o nal I H S b u t

T he .
,

re ad s Y H S Y b e i n g t he i n iti al o f Yesh a an e q u ival e n t o f

, ,

Thi l tt r Y is so m e ti m e s fo u n d in t he fo rm o f
J e so u s . s e e

a se p a rat e sy m b o l an d is o f vas t a n tiq u ity I t is re ve re n ce d .

in Chi n a wh e re it is k n o w n as t he G re at U n it o r t he G rea t
,

Te rm a n d its th re e li mbs are said t o de n o te Thre e in O n e

,
- -

a n d O ne in Thre e
- - l
Fig 368 is c o m p o se d o f th re e e q ual
. .

c ro sse s fig 369 is asso ciate d with t he Circ le o f Pe rfe cti o n

,
.
,

figs 37 0 an d 37 1 are h all o we d by t he c ro ss a n d t he tail o f

.
,

fig 37 3 is wo ve n i n to t he S o f Sp iritus
. .

H A G il 1
R ligi .
f A i t Ch i
. es , e on : o nc en na .
13 6 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL ISM
T he S u n — a ive rsal sym b o l o f t he D e ity— was Ofte n
un

re pr e se n t e d as a wh e e l a n d fi s — 8 h w thi wh l
g 3
, 7 4 3 7. s o s e e

e m b l e m in t h e c o u rse o f it s e v o l u ti o n The ray s c o n s tit u t e d

.

37 1

p ke s an d t he P e rfe ct O NE w as regarde d as bo th c e n tre

t he s o

an d ci rc u m fe re n c e
1
.

The si m p le st fo r m o f S u n Wh e e l o r t he Exc e ll e n t
Wh e e l o f Go o d Law is a circle q u art e re d i n to fo u r seg

37 5 37 7

m e n ts . In figs 37 5 an d 37 6 thi s id e a is se e n so me wh at
.

e l ab o ra t e d , an d w e s h all m ee t l at e r with o th e r for m s, so me

i n fi n ite ly m ore c o m pl e x .

U n de r n eath fig 37 9 is a capit al B an d at ti m e s thi s

.
,

sac re d i n iti al was like Y em plo ye d as a se p arate sym bo l

, ,
.

The l e tte r B sto o d fo r B rah ma t he B re ath o f all th at ,

:

S1
d My t i
a cre m g th M y
s er es a L Pl g on ep 55 a as , e on eon, . .
 KIN G S OLO M ON : 37

m o ve s an d o f e fixe d t he G e m o f t he
ve rythi n g that
.
is ,
“

Sky the S avi o u r an d t he Lo rd o f Stars

,
”

,
.

Acc o rdi n g t o t he Ve das wh at t he s u n an d light are

,

t o thi s vi s ibl e w o rld th a t are t he su p re m e go o d a n d t ru th t o

,

t he i n t e l le ct u al an d vi sibl e u n ive rse ; an d as o ur c o rp o re al

383

e y e s h av e di sti n ct p erc e pti o n o f o bj e cts en lighte n e d by

a

t he s u n th u s o u r so u l s acq u ir e c e rtai n kn o wle dge by

, ,

me ditati n g o n t he l ight o f t ru th which e man ate s fro m t he

B e i ng o f B e i n gs : that is t he l ight by which al o n e o u r
m i n d s c an b e dir e cte d in t he p ath t o b e atit ud e 1 ”
.

B rah ma was t he B e i n g o f B e i ngs t he m o s t e xc e ll e n t ,

”

Th Hi d p I53
1
e n oos , . .
13 8 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
give r o f e fl ulge n c e T he l e tte r B fo rm s t he
'

Ray, an d t he o
.

c e n tre o f t he S u n —wh e e l h e re with a n d fo rm s a n e xp re ss ive,

hi e ro glyph o f t he be li e f that t he u n ive rse is c re at e d fro m

“

a n d by B ra h m a a s the w eb rom the sp ider a n d a s t he s p a rk s

f
fro m fire .

No t o n ly w as B rah m a re pre se n t e d t o b e t he Spi n n e r o f

C reati o n b u t say s Dr Barn e tt He is so me ti m e s typifi e d
, , .
,
”
m ac ro c o s m ic ally by t he p u r u s h a in t he S u n T he wo rd .

"
ha lit e rally me ans m d i fi 8 6 d 8
p u ru s a n a n n
g s 3
,
an 3 7 .

thi s man withi n a so lar wh e e l o r Fig u re in t he S u n is , ,

u n m i st a kably d e pict e d In o n e h an d H e c arri e s a p al m

.

or Olive b ran ch an d in t he o th e r t he swo rd o f t he Spi ri t

,

in b o th c ase s He is p o rt raye d c ro w n e d a n d in fig 3 86 is ,
.

a pp a re n tly th ro n e d A V e dic Te D eum add re sse d t o t hi s

.

Spi rit ual Lo rd o f Ligh t ru n s : 1 k no w th at G re at Spi rit “

,

su n h ue d
- be yo n d t he dark n e ss
,
K n o wi n g H im man .
,

e sc ap e s De ath ; th e r e is n o o th e r w a t o walk A Gr e at
y .

Lo rd is t he Spi rit mo ve r o f t he u n d e rs tan di n g ru l e r o f

, ,

thi s p ure app ro ach Light u n fadi n g

, The Spi rit dw e ll s .

e v e r a s i n w ard so u l i n ch in stat u re wit hi n m e n s ’

an , ,

h e arts c o n c e ive d by t he h eart t he i magi nati o n t he th o ught

, , ,

de at hle ss t he y b e c o m e w ho k n o w thi s H e k n o ws wh at
”

, .

m ay b e k n o w n b u t th e re is n o n e t o k n o w H im
, Me n .

c all Him t he P ri mal t he Gre at Spi rit S u btle r than t he

, .

B h m K w l dg
1 ra a L D B
no tt p
e e, . . a rn e ,
. 2 1.
 KI NG S OLO M ON
He gre ate r than
'

su btl e is ,
l l o dge d in t he great ,
t he so u

co ve rt in livi ng thi n gs I k n o w H im t he age le ss a n ci e n t

.
, ,

A ll so u l
- Th at same is the Fi re th at is t he Su n t ha t t he
.
, ,

Wi n d t hat t he M o o n ; that sam e is t he Bright th at

, ,

Bra h ma th at t he Wa te rs th at t he Cre at o r th at is t he U h
, , ,

fadi n g th at is t he lo ve ly ( Light ) o f Savita ; th e n c e has

,
’

st re a me d f o rth t he a n ci e n t i n t e l lige n c e
1 ”
.

The Egypti an s d e fi n e d Spirit as a su btle Fi re an d ”

“ 2
,

a s i m il ar o pi n i o n e xi s t e d am o n g t he Hi n do o s in wh o se ,

c o n c e pti o n thi s m y stic e l e me n t spre ad u n til it p e rm eate d

t he stre am s q u iv e re d in t he tr e e s a n d in fact p e rvade d
,
.

, , ,

t he u n ive rse .

Thi s O rie n tal th eo ry of t he O ve rso ul has bee n fam i l i ari se d

to E n gli s h r ead e r s by E me rso n an d it has al so b e e n co n ,

de n se d with fe lici ty by A l e xan de r Po p e in the fam i l i ar li n e s

All are b ut part s o f o n e st u pe n do us w h le o

,

W ho se b o dy n at ure 18 an d G o d t he so ul 3 ,
.
”

T he i mp e r so n al an d ab st ract co n ce pti o n o f t he Vital

Fi re was k n o wn as Brah m an d Brah m t he i m pe rso n al a n d ,

i n vi sible is n o t to b e co n fo u n de d with B rah ma t he Fi rs t ,

Pe rso n in t he Hi n do o Tri n ity

,
.

O f Bra h m t he o verso u l a nd o rigi n o f Fi re man was as

, ,

su m e d t o b e a s p ark an d h e n c e aro se t he app are n t p a rad o x

,

Thi s my se lf withi n my h e art is ti n i e r than a rice -c o rn o r ,

a barle y— co rn o r a m u stard-se e d o r a can ary se e d o r t he

, ,
-
,

p ulp o f a canary-se e d Thi s my se lf withi n m y h e art is

.

gre ate r than sky gre ate r than h eave n gre ate r th an the se
, ,

wo rd s . Thi s m y se lf withi n m y h e art thi s is B rah ma ,

'

to Him s h al l I w in o n go i n g h e n c e
”
1
.

Thi s go al of Asc e n t is re pre se n t e d in fig 389 a s a .

C d 1
d f m pp 9 8—
on B h m K w l dg
e n se ro . 10 1, ra a no e e.

Th H i d 2
p 44 e n oo s , . 1 .

E y
3
M Bk i 44 57
ssa on a n , se e . . 2 -2
,

Hi d i m L D B
1
ntt p 5
u s , . . a rn e , . 1 .
14 0 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
fl am in g Su n , in fig 388 as a so l ar wh ee l in figs 383 an d
.
,
.

3 48 a s t he l e tt e r B a n d in fi s
, g 39 39 0 . 1 a,
n d 39
, 2 as a s e ve n

fo ld Fire O r ro se o f fl ame I am i n cli n e d t o thi n k th at thi s

.

fl am e fire ro se ci rc u lar clo u d o r whate ve r it may b e ( se e

, , , ,

c e n tr e o f fig . was d e lib e rate l y re pr e se n te d as i n choat e

an d i n c o m p re h e n s ibl e .

In fig 394 t he re l at io n o f B ra h m t he Migh ty Breath t o

.
, ,

t he m ys tic Hi e rarchy is di agramm atically expre sse d B ra h m , ,

”
t h e O ve r so u l o r Clo u d o f U n k n o wi n g su rm o u n ti n g t he
,

Tri m u rti o r th ree fo ld man ife stati o n o f Hi m se lf .

Attach e d to t he B o f fig 39 5 are t he su ppl e m e n tary l e tte rs

.

S a n d B b e twe e n which app ears an i n de x fi n ge r A s S

, .

al mo st i nvari ably read s S iritus a n d t he p o i n ti n g h an d

p , pre

su mab l i m pli e s nota hene thi s e m bl e m m a b e d e ciph e red

y , y
a s Spirit Brah ma The S figu re s again in t he Mille n n i ary
.
’

e m b le m b e lo w an d t h e B
,
of fig 39 7 is so i n ge n i o usly
.
 KI NG S OLO M ON
for me d th at its xtre miti e s read S S In fig 8 t h s um
e . .
39 e

mit f o t he B c o n si st s o f t he past o ral c ro ok of t he Go o d

Sh e ph erd .

Asso ci ate d with Su n s o n page 14 2 are t he n u me ral s

t he

an d in fi s 4 0 1 an d 4 0 2 th e se n u m b e r s fo r m t he s ubj e ct
33 , g .

o f se p arat e e m b le m s The n u m b e r 33 was re ve re n c e d in

.

an cie n t Egypt an d is i l l u strate d in Signs a nd Symhols of

,
; :

Primordia l Ma n Th e re w e re re cko ne d t o b e 33 Mys te ri e s

.
,

t he se cr e t s o f which say s D r Ch u rchw ard h ave u p t o t he

”

, ,

p re se n t ti me n o t be e n di sc o ve r e d 1
The M e xic an s po r .
”

t ra e d 2 6 L ight s pl u s t he se v e n s t ar s o f t he G re at B ea r
y , ,

i e a to tal o f 3
. . C e n t uri e s ago t he wo rld o f Ve dic re ligi o n
“
s warm e d w e a re t o l d with god s “
say s D
”
“
et r
, y , ,
”
Barn e tt t he n u m b e r is u sually give n as thirty three
,
- .
3

Pp 1 7 7 7
1
. 1 , 1 P 7 . Hi d i m p
2
. 2 2 .
3
n u s , . 10 .
14 2 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
The Ch ri sti an G n o stic s tau ght th at t he e ma nati o n s f ro m t he
De ity w e re all su mm e d u p in o n e ab so l u te U n ity 33 in
“
,

an d t he a e o f Ch ri s t at t he ti m e o f H is R e s u rre cti o n
” 1
all , g
w as c o m p u te d as 33 The au th o rs o f The Perfect Way s ta te
.
2
,
‘
The age o f f ul l an d fi n al p e rfe cti o n fo r t he man re ge n e rate
13 t he a e o f 33 m y stic ally c o m p u te d th u s i m plyi ng his
g , ,

acc o m pli s h me n t o f t he thirty-thr e e st e p s o f i n iti a tio n of ,

“
which the last an d high e st is h is asc e n s i o n by tran s ”

m u tati o n t o fi n al divi n e u n i o n Ove r fig 4 0 1 will b e .

3
.

no tic e d a c o mbi n atio n o f t he fig ure 4 ( = t he D ivi n e

Eq u ilibri u m ) an d t he le tt e r H Hi e rarch The e x
l a n at i o n o f th e se sy m b o l s w o u ld app e ar t o b e fo u n d in t he
p
fo l l o wi n g p assag e fro m The Perfect Way : “
In o rd e r t o
‘
gai n P o we r an d t he Re su rre cti o n a man m u s t fir st o f ,
’

all b e a Hiera rch th at is t o sa he m u s t h ave att a i n e d t he

, y
m agic al age o f 33 ye ars
'

H e w ho s hall a ttai n to
.

thi s p e rfe cti o n m u st b e o n e w ho is with o u t fear an d

with o u t d e si re save to wards G o d
, O n ly wh e n he .

‘
ha s a t t ai n e d thi s e q u ilib ri u m is b e fre e M e an whil e he ’
.
,

Th W ddi g S g f W i d m G R S M d p 36
1
e e n on o s o , . . . ea , . .

O 2
L dy i A t M H J
ur a n r xx
, rs . P 35
e n ne r, vu .
3
. 2 .
 KI N G S OLO M ON 14 3

ma ke s Ab sti n e n c e Praye r M e ditati o n Watchf u l n e ss an d ‘

, , , ,

S e lf r e strai n t t o b e t he de c ad e s o f his ro sary A n d k n o wi n g

- .

th at n o thi n g is gai n e d wi th o u t to il o r w o n with o u t su ffe ri n g , ,

he act s e v e r o n t he p ri n ciple th at t o l ab o ur is t o pray t o as k ,

i s to re c e ive to k n ock is t o have t he do o r o p e n an d so

.
, ,

s t rive s acc o rdi n gly

” 1
.

I am t o ld by a F ree maso n th at th e re are 33 lights in a

M aso n ic Lo dge 33 ste ps o n e n te ri n g t he Lo dge an d th a t
, ,

t he d e g re e s in F re e m aso n ry p ro c e e d fro m o n e u pwa rd s t o

t e n o r tw e lv e wh e n c e th e re is a s u dd e n j u m p to t h e thi rty
-
,

thi rd an d high e st .

18
40 5

A m o n g t he n u m e ro us sp eci me n s o f t he l e tt e r B co l l e cte d
“ Z
a n d cl as s ifi e d by M o n s Briqu e t are so m e which are a s .
,

m u ch lik e M s as B s an d o n e o f th e se c o m bi n ati o n M-B s

’ ’ ’

s u rm o u n t s fig 4 0 3 The l e tte r M wh e n fo u n d in asso ci at i o n

. .

with a B u ll o r a S u n e mble m pro bably st o o d fo r M IT H RA ,

t he G o d o f S un light In M ith rai s m— t he re ligi o n t aught by

.

ZO RO A ST ER- r t he S u n light Stan d s in t he sam e re l a ,

ti o n t o O R MU Z t he S u p re me Su n as in Ch ri sti an ity C H R IS I
, ,
' ‘

t he S un o f Righte o us n e ss s tan d s t o G o d t he Fath e r In t he , .

ci rcle o f Pe rfe cti o n h e re with are t he l e tte rs M A su rm o u n te d

by a m ark o f co n t racti o n an d th e se sam e l e tte r s re app ear in ,

fig 4 0 7 wh e re th e y are in all p ro bability a co n t racte d fo rm

.
, , ,

o f t he wo rd M IT H RA .

The P e rs i an M IT H RA c o rre sp o n d s in ma n y re s p e ct s t o
1
Pp ,
2 22- 22 3.
 '

14 4 TH E LO ST LA N GUAGE OF SYMB OL I SM
t he Hi n do o I N DRA an d I n dra lik e M IT HRA was t he
, ,
-
,

i n vi n cibl e l e ade r o f t he c e le sti al h o sts an d t he re l e n tle ss ,

e n e m y o f su f fe ri n g ste rility vic e an d i m p urity

, , , With his .

th o u san d e ars an d his t e n th o u san d ey e s M IT H RA was ,

”

e ve r awa k e ,
a n d e v e rl as ti n gly o n t he wa tch t o p ro t e ct t he

wo rld fro m t he m alig n an t h o s ts o f Dark n e ss M IT HRA as a .

war ri o r w as n o t o n ly t he G o d o f warri o rs an d t he Pro te cto r

of all brave dee d s an d chivalro u s adve n t u re s b u t like OS IRIS , ,

a n d o th e r C u lt u re Go ds he was t he fe c u n d ato r o f all

,

n a t u re ,
t he l o rd o f wid e pas t u re s an d t he giv e r of h e rd s
, .

It w as M IT H RA w ho p o u re d fo rth t he wat e rs an d was t he

cause r o f gro wi n g plan ts No t o n ly w as he t he be sto we r o f
.

m at e ri al b e n e fits b u t he was al so lik e wi se t he giver o f p eac e

,

o f h eart an d t he m ak e r of co n c o rd am o n g all who w o rs hipp e d

him . Mr M e ad s tate s : T he se c ret o f re ge n e ratio n o f

“
,

be i n g b o rn an e w o r s piritually o r fro m abo ve — in b ri e f

, , ,

t he divi n i s i n g o f m a n— w as t he l as t wo rd o f t he Mithra rit e s

”
1
all e l se is i n t ro d u ct o ry o r a n cilla ry .

T he wo rs hip o f Mith ra w as at o n e ti m e ve ry wide ly

e xt e n d e d a n d is said t o h av e b e e n m ai n t ai n e d in a n u n b ro k e n
,

traditi o n th ro ugh t he se cre t so ci e ti e s o f t he Middle Age s ,

un til it cam e i n t o t he h an ds o f t he Ro sic rucian s an d

'

Th M
1
y te i
e f Msit h p
r es o47 ra , . .
 KI N G S OLO M O N
th e n ce by a fa i n t re fle x to t he Fre e m aso n ry of o ur o wn
1
ti me s .

MrT HRA as t he me di ato r be tw ee n L ight an d D ark n e ss

‘

2
, ,

pr ese n t e d so man y p o i n t s o f ide n tity to J e sus Ch ri s t th at

t he p e rpl e x e d F ath e rs o f Chri s ti an ity w e re f o rc e d t o t he
con cl usi o n that p agan i sm w as api n g th e ir sacre d rite s .

Te rt u ll ian compla i n e d th at t he d e vi l by gu ile had p e rve rte d

t he tr u th an d e m u l o u sly m i m ic s e ve n t he p re ci se p artic u l ar s
'

o f t he divi n e sacr am e n t s by t he m ys t e ri e s o f id o l s He to o .
, ,

bapti z e s so me — o f c o u rse his o w n be li e ve rs an d faithf u l

he p ro m i se s t he re m i ss i o n o f s i n s by a b ath If I still .

re me mbe r rightly Mith ra th ere s ig n s his so ldi e rs o n th e ir

,
"
fore h ead s c e le brates al so t he 0 fle rin g o f b read i n tro d u ce s -
, ,

an i mage o f t he re s u rr e cti o n an d p urch ase s fo r hi m se lf a ,

”
c ro w n at t he swo rd s p o i n t ’
.
3

I t is we ll k n o wn tha t in t he tran s iti o n fro m pagan ry t o

Chri stian ity t he Ch ri stian cl e rgy fi n di n g it i m p o ss ible ,

t o we an t he p o p u l ac e fro m o ld c u s to m s o r t o e radic a t e
pri m itive b e li e fs di sc ree tly me t t he S itu ati o n by dive rti n g
,

pagan fe stivals to t he h o n o u r o f Ch ri st It is n o t so .

ge n eral ly k n o w n th at D e c e m b e r 2 5t h t he Ch ri stmas Day o f ,

Chri ste n do m was n e c e ssarily th us fixe d fo r t he re aso n th at

,

thi s date was t he bi rthday o f M IT H RA an d th at t he o bdu rate ,

h eath e n fl atly re fu se d t o re l i n q u i s h th e ir ch e ri sh e d fe stival .

It was n o t un ti l A D 4 0 0 th at t he C h u rc h Fath e rs acc e pte d

. .

t he i n e vitab l e a n d tactf u lly ad o pt e d t he Birthd ay o f M IT H RA

as t he o flic ial Bi rthd ay o f Ch ri sti an ity At t he b e gi n n i ng o f .

t he fifth c e n t u ry S Ch ry so sto m re f e rri n g t o t he f e stival o f

.
,

t he pagan Su n god w rote O n thi s day al so t he bi rthday

,

o f Ch ri s t w a s la tely fixed a t R o m e in o rd e r th at while t he ,

h ea the n s w e re b u sy with th e i r p ro fan e c e re m o n i e s t he ,

1
The G n os tics , Ki n g, p . 117 .
2
Frag men ts of a Fa ith Fo rg o tten , Mead , p 56
. .

3
Th e My steries of Mithra Me a d , , pp .
56, 57 .
14 6 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
Ch ri s tia n s m ight p e rfo rm th e i r sac re d rite s u n di st urb e d .

Th e y c all t hi s ( 2 5t h De c e m b e r) t he bi rthday o f t he I n vi n cibl e

O n e ( Mith ra) b u t w ho is so i n vi n cibl e as t he Lo rd P Th e y
call it t he Bi rthday o f t he S o lar D i sc b u t Ch ri s t is t he S u n
”
o f Right e o u s n e ss
1
.

T he tw e n t y fift h day o f t he twe lfth m o n th in the

-

ye ar w as t he bi rthd ay o f Z A S t he Savi o u r Su n o f anci e n t ,

Chi na a n d it w as al so t he bi rthday o f t he Egyptia n go d s

,

OS IR IS an d HO RUS o f t he G re e k D ION YSO S o f t he Hi n do o

, ,

V IS H N U a n d O f t he Syri an TA MMUZ T he c o ck which 2

.
,

s ig n ali se d t he adve n t o f Z as was al so sac re d t o Mith ra ,

P h oeb u s a n d in fact t o t he Su n d e iti e s o f p rac t ically

, , ,

all n a t i o n s Wh e n p e rch e d at t he s u m m it o f a pill ar a s in

.
,

t he fig u re h e re wit h t he e m bl e m w as I a m to ld k n o w n as
, , ,

t he
“
C o ck o f Abraxas T he n ame A B RA X A S which is
.
”

at t he ro o t o f t he fa mo u s m agic w o rd Ab rac ad ab ra w as -
,

o n e o f t he n u m e ro u s m y s t e ry w o rd s c o i n e d t o e xp re ss

m ath e m at ic ally t he u n sp e akabl e n am e o f t he S u p re m e Spirit .

Ab raxas wa s acc e pte d as a m y stic e q u ival e n t o f M IT H RA S ,

b e c au s e t he n u m e rical val u e s o f t he t w o n am e s b o th alik e

w o rk o u t t o t he n u m b e r 365 It w as as se rte d that th e re
.

w e re as m an y h e ave n s as t h e re w e re day s in t he y e a r a n d ,
,

R m f Sy m b l i m S H t h p 37
1
o a n ce o o s , . ea , . .

A y 9 S rMy th
an pp 6 65 7 84
un s, an o n .
, . 2, ,
1, .
 KI N G S OLO M O N 14 7

th e n um e r b c o n ve n i e n t e xp re ssi o n fo r t he Lo rd
365 w as a

o f th e se 365 s ph e res A m o n g t he Assyri an s M ER ODA C H

l
.
, ,
'

t he Su n go d w as k n o w n by a difle re n t n am e d u ri n g e a ch
,

m o n th o f t he ye ar an d t he twe lve sig n s o f t he Z o di ac w e re

,
2

o n c e se e m i n gly twe lve a s p e ct s o f t he O n e G re at Spi rit .

M ERODA C H w as re garde d as a so lar d e ity as t he m e di a to r ,

be tw e e n go ds a n d m e n an d as t he G o d w ho rai se d t he de ad
,

t o life . H e c o rre sp o n d s in his attrib u t e s a n d sy m b o l s to

3

t he P e rs i a n M IT H RA a n d M IT H RA w a s id e n tifi e d wit h t he
,

G re e k D IO s o s D ION YSO S like t he Egypti a n OS IR IS w as

.
4
, ,

“
t he twic b r od
e- o n
g o f re ge n e r ati o n H e is f o u nd .

p o rtraye d as t he S un go d se ate d o n a star span gl e d glo b e - .

5

H is b e au ty is c o mpare d t o th a t o f APOLLO a n d like him , , ,

he is re p re se n te d as p o sse ssi n g e t e rn al yo u th H e is .

fabl e d t o h ave mhrc he d at t he h ead o f an arm y o f m e n a n d

wo me n i n spire d by divi n e fu ry an d t o h ave achi e ved h is ,

blo o dl e ss c o n q u e st s by t e ac hi n g man ki n d t he u se o f t he
vi n e t he c u ltivati o n o f t he e a rth an d t he maki n g o f h o n e y
, .

The O x o r B u ll which w as t he sy m b o l o f OS IR IS o f
, ,

M ERODA C H an d o f M IT H RA w as al so re garde d as an
, ,

1
The G n ost ics , Ki ng , pp . 2 54, 2 59 .

2
B a by l on ia n and A ssy ria n R e lig io n , T G . . i
P nc hes, p . 10 2 .

1
Cha m be rs s E ncy c lope dia ,
’
i .
5 18.

1
Th e G n os t ics , Ki ng , p . 116 .

5
Le m p ier re , a rt . Bac c h us .
”
14 8 THE L O ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL ISM
i n c arn ati o n o f t he ge n e rative p o we r o f D ION YS O S , an d t he
eati n g o f an o x w a s p art o f t he c u lt o f D i o n yso s .

Dion ysus ( B cch us)

a . t o
( Fro m a Pa in ing a t P mpei i

In fig 4 1 1
.
1
thi s S o lar h e ro is re pr e se n te d with his
sy m b o lic a n i m al , the p a n th e r .

4 13 4 15

The l e tte r D su rm o u n ti n g t he B u ll s H e ad in fig 4 12 ’
.

is t he i n iti al o f D i o n y so s an d thi s ch aract e r se rve d al so as

,

1
Re p d d f m S m i th Cl i l Di ti y b y p mi i
ro uc e ro
’
s a ss ca c fona r , er ss o n o

Mr J Murra y
. .
 KI N G S OLO M ON 14 9

a separate sy m bo l In figs 4 14 4 16 it is h all o we d with . .

-

a c ro s s an d in fig
, 4 13 is a sso ci ate d t he Star o f L ight
. .

O u r E n gli s h w o rd day ( Lati n dies) is a ffili a te d wit h t he

“

San sc rit dya us which is al so t he ro o t o f D ION YS O S D IA N A

, , ,

D ION E o r J U NO J U P IT ER Z EUS a n d ( p re s u mably) Z A S

, , , .

Fig 4 12 is th u s cap abl e o f tw o re adi n gs : e ith e r as

.

D ION YS O S t he go d o f day o r as t he p ath o f t he e n d u ri n g

, ,

is as a shi n i ng light th at s hi ne th mo re an d m o re u n to t he
P e rfe ct Day .

T he name D ION YS O S has su rvive d in t he fo r m

D ENN IS to t he p re se n t day an d t he ti m e ho n o u re d te n e t ,
- ‘

that Man is a spark o f t he pri me val Light is t rac e abl e

in man y o th e r pro p e r n am e s su ch as L LEw LU K E LUC IUS , , , ,

LUCY an d s i m il ar vari an t s o f Lux ; in CLA R EN C E CL A RA

, , ,

in PHtE B E (shining) J ER MY N ( bright

”
“
e tc .me an i n g I s hi n e
, , ,

or
g li t t erin
g) ANNO RA
( g )
li ht
, T RY P H O S A
( v ery shinin
g) a nd , ,

BL EN DA ( da z z ling) .
1

Ety mo l o gy o ffe rs e vide nc e in e ve ry di re cti o n n o t o n ly ,

o f p ri m e val s u n -wo r s hip b u t al so o f t he we ll — k n o w n fac t

,

th at it was c usto m ary fo r bo th ki n gs a n d com mo n e rs to

styl e th e m se l v e s
“
light o f t he Su n o r e ve n t he S u n itse l f .

The mo d e rn n a m e S A MP S ON o r S A MS ON is d e fi n e d as
”
me an i n g “
s pl e n did s u n a n d withi n hi s to ric ti m e s t he
,
2

e m p e ro r s o f P e ru w e re e n titl e d Child re n o f t he Su n
“ ”
.

The Egypt ian City o f t he S un k n o wn t o t he G re e k s as

H EL IOPOL IS was o rigi n ally nam e d O N an d O N is e vide n tly ,

o n e o f t he m o s t an ci e n t titl e s o f t he S u n W e m e e t with .

it in it s radical si m plicity in t he n am e o f t he Swe di sh Ki n g

O N o r A U N an d aga i n in t he l at e r fo rm s H A G ON H A K ON o r
, , ,

H A A K ON I h ave al ready ( pp 13—15) give n reason s fo r my

. .

d fi i ti q t df m M H l N m
1 ’
Th e se e n o n s a re Sw uo eCh i ti ro rs e e na an s r s an a es ,

f m wh i h I l
ro cxt t th f ll w i g ESDRAs = i i g f lig ht MALALEEL
a so e ra c e o o n r s n o

== h i n i
s g f Gn d A B NE
o R = f t h o f l i g h t S l N D BE RT =
p k li g b ig ht ;
a er o s ar n r 5

S E BERT =
A q i g b i
c ong h t N O R
ue r n BE R T = b ig h t
r ETHE L B ERT
n ess r n e ss

no b ly b i g h t r .

V OL . I .
 5
1 0 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYM B OL I SM
be li e f th at Ac m e an t gre at a n d it is re aso n abl e t o assu m e
,

that t he p ri ma ry m e an i n g o f H A C O N w a s gre at S u n .

Th e re w as a to w n in M ac e do n i a name d A C O NT IS MA T he .

o ld e s t c a pit al city k no w n t o hi st o ry is t he Egypti a n

H IERA C O NPO LIS a n d t he n am e o f thi s s u n wo rshippi n g city
,
-

is s e e m i n gly divi sible i n t o Hier sac re d a c g re a t on s u n , , ,

olis city T h n a m e o f t he high e s t p ea k in t he A n d e s

p . e ,

AC ON C A G UA s ugge sts th at thi s m o u n t ai n like m any o th e rs

, , ,

w as d e dic ate d t o a n d nam e d aft e r t he gre a t Su n W e agai n .

m e e t Akon in O DA KO N t he S u n go d o f t he P hili s ti n e s, an d
,
1 ‘

p ro bably agai n in t he alte rnative n am e DA G ON alth o ugh t he ,

D ag o f thi s te rm m ay b e t he D ag o f Day a n d aki n t o t he

p ro p e r n a me DA G O B ERT n o w said to m e an Dayb rig ht
,
.
” 2

Mrs Swan i n te rp re ts t he t w o na m e s E Z RA an d Z ERA H a s

Ri s i n g o f L ight t he Ra in b o th th e se i n stan ce s b e i n g n o
,
”

do u bt c o gn at e with t he Egypti an Ra which n o t o nly w as ,

t he n a m e o f t he S u n g o d b u t w a s a l s o t he u s u a l ,

Egypti an wo rd fo r t he S un ’
The San sc rit fo r a p ri n c e is
.

Raja h an d fo r a Ki n g Raja n Le m p ri ere m e n ti o ns s e ve n

.

a n ci e n t citi e s n am e d A C RA an d t he p re se n t c apital o f
,

A S HA N T EE be ars th at n am e : I s u gge st that it o rigi nal ly

”
m e an t “
G re at Ra .

The o n c e ki n gly b u t n o w c o mm o n C o rn i sh n am e
C Y MB EL IN E is C e ltic fo r Lo rd o f t he Su n
“ 4
an d t he Bel ,
”

o f C Y MB EL IN E is id e n tic al with t he Bel o f B EL ENU S t he ,

C e ltic A PO LLo ; with t he Ba l o f B A LD ER t he S u n go d o f ,

.

Sca n di n avia ; an d with B A A L t he gre at S u n go d o f t he ,

P h oen ician s I t wo u ld th u s app ear p ro babl e th at BA LA K

.
,

t he Ki n g o f M o ab styl e d hi m se lf o r w as th u s s tyl e d afte r

,

G reat B aal an d th at t he plac e s n am e d BELLA c in F ran c e a n d

,

B ELL EEK in I re lan d we re o rigi n ally— lik e t he fam o u s BA A LBEC

shri ne s d e dic at e d t o G re at B aal i e t he S u n ,
. . .

C mp
o a re t h ODA K f O DA KON w i th t h O DA C H f MERODAC H
e o e o .

M Sw
rs an . R f H bb t L t
3 p 9
enc u , i M Sw er ec u r es , . 10 .
1
‘
rs an .
 KI N G S OLO M ON
An i n te re sti n g e xam pl e o f so lar n o m e n cl at u re is fo u n d
in t he w o rd SOLO MON e ach syllabl e o f which se v e rally m e a n s
,

Sun . Pl u tarch m e n ti o n s a p e o pl e wh o m he call s t he

l “

a n d Hi e ro S o ly m a is a f a m ili ar sy n o n y m fo r t he
”
So ly m i ,
2

Ne w J e rusale m t he H o ly City t he spi rit u al City o f t he S u n

, , .

Th e re is a vas t myth o l o gy re l ati n g t o Ki n g SOLO MON ,

a n d t he s pl e n d o u r o f t he Wi s e Man is p ro v e rbi al in E U RO P E ,

PA L EST IN E A BYSS IN IA I N D IA A F G HA N IST A N P ER S IA a n d

, , , , ,

A RA B IA I t is p ro babl e th a t th e re re al ly live d so m e ti m e
.

ab o u t y e a rs a o a g re a t p e rso nality wh o se b e n e fice n t

3 0 0 0 g
a n d p ro s p e ro u s c aree r i m p re sse d it se lf p e rm an e n tly u p o n

t he m e m o ry o f t he wo rld ; b u t it is q u it e c e rta i n th a t
l e ge n d ha s s i n c e b e e n b u sy with his re p u tati o n a n d th at ,

t he SOLO MON o f lit e ra t u re a n d l e g e n d is t o a l arg e e xte n t , ,

a m ythic al a n d id e al h e ro Traditi o n has it th at wh e n t he

.

gre at Ki n g was s u mm o ne d fro m his e arthly c are e r he w as

re e s t a bli s h e d
-
in t he S u n wh e n c e he c o n t ro ll e d a v a s t
,

e m pi re o f F a i ri e s P e ri s Ji n n s a n d h o s t s o f radi an t g u i s e
, , , ,

w ho w e re his o b e di e n t v assal s a n d i m plicitly o b e y e d his

fiat . Mystici sm has assu m e d th at t he B ride g ro o m o f The
Song of Solomon is t he spi rit u al Su n o f Righte o u sn e ss ri se n
Ch ri s t like with h e ali ng in H is wi n gs a n d th e re is li t tl e ,

do ubt th a t The Song of Solomon is i n d e e d a m ythic al a n d

dram a tic l o ve d u e t b e tw e e n t he m y stic S u n a n d Mo o n .

The b e li e f th at SOLO MON was a n in v e te ra te se n su ali s t

a pp e ars to h ave o rigi n at e d f ro m t he lite rali sa ti o n a n d
m i sc o n c e pti o n o f t he ti m e h o n o u re d p o e tic fa n cy th a t t he
-

Su n w as t he g re at f e c u n da t o r a n d All Lo ve r wh o se e ye -

sho n e i m parti ally u po n the j us t a n d u nj u st T he p o e ts .

”
fre q u e n tly d e scrib e t he Su n as a n a mo ri s t a ho t e ye d “
,
-

”
am o ri s t as b e i n g
,
fre e a n d ge n e ral as shi n i n g with ho t ,

e e
y u p o n e v e n t he b as e s t w e e d th a t g ro w s a n d s o f o rth ,

1
S ol is Ang l
o -S a x on, Ic e l
a n d c , a nd i La t i n, fo r S un .

2
0u t he Cessa tio n o f Ora cl es .
1
5 2 THE LO ST LAN GUA G E O F SYMB OL ISM
an d t he pp are n tly c o n tradicto ry te rms appli e d by t he Bride
a

t o S o l o m o n are wh o lly i n a ppre h e n s ibl e u n l e ss u n de rs to o d as

b e i n g addre sse d to t he divi n e Su n o f the So u l The B ride .

gro o m is de sc ribe d as co m i ng o u t of t he wilde rn e ss like

pillars o f sm o k e an exp re ssi o n sugge stive o f t he pill ar o f
1
,

s m o ke by which t he I srae l it e s w e r e led d u ri ng daytime

th ro ugh t he wi l de r ne ss He is acclai me d as a p re ci o u s “
.

o i n tme n t as b e i n g c o me ly as J eru sal e m ye t t e rribl e ”

“
, ,

H e is al so lik e n e d t o a co m
”
as an army with b a n n e rs
“ 2
.

pan y o f h o rse s an d in t he q ue sti o n ,

“
Te ll m e O th o u , ,

wh o m m y so u l l o ve th wh e re th o u fe e de st wh ere th o u , ,

mak e st thy fl o ck t o re s t at n o o n
”
3
is p ro b ably an all u s io n ,

t o t he sacre d h e rd s o f t he S u n T he do ve eye d B ride .

-

gro o m is de sc rib e d as be i n g in t he cle fts o f the ro ck an d

" 4
in t he se c re t pl ac es o f t he s tai rs an id e a th at is n o n se n se ,

e xc e pt it b e u n d e rs to o d as a re fe re n c e t o t he all-p e rvas ive

character o f t he O verso u l He bro ught m e says t he .

,

Bride t o t he b an q u e ti n g— ho u se and his ban n e r o ve r m e

“
, ,

w as l o v e a ph ras e s u gge stive o f The Ki n g o f Lo ve m y

Sh e ph e rd is T he B rid e gro o m s p e a ki n g o f his wi n e an d
.
”

milk e xte n d s like Ch ri s t t he i n vita ti o n

, , Eat 0 fri e n ds , , ,
'

dri n k yea d ri n k a b u n dan tly O b e lo ve d

, , a n d agai n , ,
” 5
,

k n o cki n g Ch ri stlike a t t he do o r he e xclai m s O p e n t o m e , , ,

m y s i s te r my l o ve m y d o ve m y u n de file d fo r m y h e ad is
, , ,
‘
fille d with de w an d m y lo cks with t he dro p s o f t he n ight .
” 1

Thi s p assage is o bvi o u sly t he i n spirati o n o f the li ne s

Go d sile t se rc hi g fl i ght ’
s n
,
a n

W he m y Lo d s h ad is fille d w it h de w an d all
n r
’
e
,

His l c k s e w t w i t h t h c le ar dr p s f n ight
o ar e e o o

His so ft ft c ll ,
so a
,

His k n c ki g t im t he so ul s du m b w at c h
o n e
’

W he p irit s t he ir fair k in dre d c at c h 7

n S .

1
S o ng f S olomon
o iii . 6 .

-1 11. I .
4
5
v . 1.
 KI N G S OLO M ON
Bu t t he de w —d re n c he d l o ck s o f APOLLO are a p o e tic c o m m o n
plac e ,
a n d in The Fa erie Q ueen e, fo r i n s t an c e , Sp e n se r w rite s
At l
ast t he
g l d O i o en r enta lg t a e

r He av pe fair,
’
O f gre at e g en an t o o n

And t b us fre sh as b ri de gro o m to his m at e

C a me dan c in g fo rt h, sha king his dew y ha ir,
A n d h url d his gl i st e n in g b e am s t hro ugh glo o m y a ir.
’

T he p e ne r o f t he G ate s o f Day w as J A N US D IA NU S
o

D ION YSO S an d in fig 4 17 t he D o f Di o n yso s is asso ci ate d

,
.

with t he sy m b o l o f t he mo u n tai n s wh e n c e as a P salm ist , ,

says , com e th m y re li e f The e x u lt ati o n o f t he B rid e at .

t he sp ee dy c o m i n g o f he r Su n lik e Lo rd a n d ch am pi o n is -

e xp re s se d in t he e c static p assage : The vo ic e o f m y

“

be lo ve d ! Be h o ld he c o me th le api n g up on the mounta ins

, ,

skippi n g u p o n t he hill s My b e lo ve d is like a ro e o r a .

yo u ng h art B e h o ld he stan de tlr b e hin d o u r wall he

.
,

lo o ke th fo rth at t he wi n do w s sh e wi n g hi m se lf th ro u gh t he ,
2
lattic e My b e l o ve d spak e a n d said u n to me Ri se u p my
.
,

l o ve my fai r o n e an d c o m e away Fo r 10 t he wi n te r is
, , .
, ,

past t he rai n is o ve r an d go n e t he fl o we rs app ear o n t he

,

e arth t he ti m e o f t he s i n gi n g o f bi rd s is c o m e a n d t he vo ic e
, ,

o f t he t u rtl e
3
is h eard in o u r l a n d
” 1
‘
.

1
Bk i , . . ca n to v .
, s t. 2 .
2
Com p a re p
S ha k e s e a re s R e e a n g D A Y th ro ug h
’
v li e v e ry c ra n n y p p
ee s,
’

Lu cr ece .
3
l
Th e t urt e d o v e = th e Ho y S r t l pi i .
1
ii . 8- 12
.
1
54 THE LO ST L A N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
Ki n g S o l o m o n w as so m e ti m e s re p re se n t e d in t he St
Ge o rge like attit u d e o f a Drago n slaye r a n d t he A rabi an s
- -
,

c re di t him with wagi n g a p e rp e t ual wa rfare agai n s t wicke d

ge n ii a n d gi a n t s Thi s fe at ure b ri n g s S o l o m o n s till fu rth e r
.
1

i n to li n e with O R MU Z M IT H RA M ERODA C H OS IR IS I N D RA
, , , , ,

a n d o th e r S o l ar S avi o u rs .

By t he a n ci e n t s t he S u n w as ge n e rally de pict e d as a
ch a ri o te e r d rivi n g a te am o f fo ur h o rse s Thi s i mm o rtal .

ch ari o t o f t he S un is in all p ro bability t he s u bj e ct o f t he

passage : Ki n g S o l o m o n m ad e hi m se lf a ch ari o t o f t he
“ “

wo o d o f Le ban o n H e mad e t he pill ars th e re o f o f s ilve r

.
,

t he b o tto m th e re o f o f go ld t he c o v e ri n g o f it o f p u rpl e t he
, ,

m id s t th e re o f b e i n g pave d with l o ve Thi s v e rse lik e ” 2

.
,

t he re s t o f t he p o e m is a ti ss u e o f sy m b o li s m
, T he w o o d .

“
o f L e b a n o n w a s a s i m il e fo r i n c o rru ptibility s ilve r typifi e d ,

k n o wl e dge go ld was t he sy m b o l o f wi sdo m an d p u rple — a

, ,

co m bi n ati o n o f re d a n d bl u e — pre s u mably de n o te d a c o n

j u ncti o n o f t he re d o f Lo v e an d the bl u e o f Tru th The .

asse rti o n th at S o l o m o n ma de himself a ch ari o t e xp re sse s ,

t he vita l e s se n c e o f m y s tici s m i e th at man is his o w n fate

,
. .
,

a n d t he ma k e r a n d c o n t ro ll e r o f his o w n d e s ti n y It w a s a .

cardi n al do ctri n e th at t he h u m bl e st i n divid ual m ight in ti m e

d e ve l o p his s park o f Pe rso n ality i n to a spi rit ual S u n a n d ,

by his o w n e ffo rts c hari o te e r like d rive his so u l i n to t he

,
-
,

i n n e rmo st H all s o f H e ave n “

T he righte o u s . say s t he ,
”

“
w rit e r o f M atth e w s h al l shi n e fo rth as the sun in t he
,
”
ki n gd o m o f th e i r Fa th e r Eli sh a is re c o rde d to h ave had
.
1

a vi s i o n o f t he m o u n t a i n o f t he L o rd fil l e d with ch a ri o t s

a n d h o rse s of fire T he writ e r o f P sal mlviii re fe rs t o t he

. .

“
ch ari o t s o f G o d b e i n g twe n ty th o usan d e ve n th o u san ds ,

o f a n ge l s a n d t he I n di an m yth o l o gi s t s c o n c e iv e d I n d ra
,

1
Cen tu ry Cy c lope dia of Na mes , B G S m t h , a rt S o o mo n. . i . l . iii .

3
Flo w ers in La ng uag e : A ssocia tion a n d Ta les, Pra tt a n d M ill
e r, p . 18.
1
‘
xiii .
43 .
 KI N G S O LO M ON
an d t he I mm o rtal s drivi n g th e ir c ars o f light a n d l u stre ,

which ge mm e d t he s k y like s tars at mght

“ ” 1

In B o n ave n t u ra S Li!? of St Fra ncis th e re is n arra te d an

’

i n cide n t which o cc urre d it is said in A ssi si Acco rdi n g t o

, ,
.

thi s acco u n t St F ran ci s w as sl e e pi n g o n e n ight in a hu t a n d ,

a b s e n t in t he b o dy f ro m his S u dd e n ly at ”
w as so n s .

ab o u t m id n ight whil e so m e o f t he b re th re n w e re t a ki n g re s t
,

an d o th e rs k ee pi n g w atch a ch ari o t o f fire o f m arv e ll o u s

,

bright n e ss e n te ri n g by t he d o o r o f t he h o u se t u rn e d th ric e
, ,

hith e r an d thith e r th ro u gh t he dw elli n g an d o v e r t he ,

chari o t S hi n i n g bal l o f fire re st e d in app e aran c e like u n to

a ,

t he Su n m a ki n g t he n ight ra dia n t Thi s ph e n o m e no n ’

2
.
,

an e xp e ri e n c e t o which o th e r m y s tic s h ave t e s tifi e d an d

which is ill u strate d in fig 4 18— w as k n o w n a s the V i s io n .

o f Ad o n ai .

It is to b e i n fe rre d th at t he p o e t w ho was re sp o n sibl e

_
‘

fo r The Song of Solomon had p e rso n ally e xp e ri e n c e d thi s

co ve te d Vi si o n o f Ado n a i a nd th at he all ud e s t o it in t he ,
”

p assage “
1 w e n t d o w n i n to t he gard e n o f n u t s t o se e t he
,

fru it s o f t he vall e y an d t o se e wh e th e r t he vi n e fl o u ri sh e d
an d t he p o m e g ran at e s b u dd e d Or ev er I w a s a w a re my soul .

”
ma de me like the cha riots of A mni na dib - 3
The Song .

1
I di
n P t y D tt p 161
an oe r , u C h iv
, . .
2
. .

3
vi . C mm ta t
12 . o h v i m g i d th i t m
en o rs th t t h h
a e i w a ne s o e an a e e ro n e as

s udde ly
n df an i b ly b du t d b y
o rc dm ia c e an a re r.
1
56 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL ISM
c o n ti n u e s Re t u rn re t urn O Sh u lam ite re t u r n re t u rm
, , , , ,

that w e m ay lo o k u p o n th ee What will y e se e in t he .

Sh u lam ite P The an swe r A s it w e re t he c o m pan y o f two

”

arm i e s is e xt re m e ly s ugg e s tiv e o f t he ch ari o te e r H o s t se e n

”

a n d re c o rd e d by Eli s h a
1
It cam e to p ass as the y s till we n t
o n an d t alk e d th a t b e h o ld th e re app eare d a ch a ri o t o f fire ,

a n d h o rse s o f fire a n d p art e d th e m b o th as u n d e r an d Elij ah ,

we n t u p by a whirl wi n d i n t o H eave n A n d Eli sha cri e d .

My fath e r my fath e r t he ch ari o ts o f I srae l an d t he h o rse

, ,

m e n th e re o f A n d he saw him n o m o re
’ 2
.

In t he p ri n t e r s m ark ab o ve ill u st ra t e d t he team are

’

r e p re se n t e d as st u m bli n g at t he daz z li n g radian c e o f th e i r

drive r The h o rse as e xe m plifi e d in su b se q u e n t ch apte rs
.
, ,

was t he e m bl e m o f t he I n te ll e ct an d t he re aso n fo r ,

re p re se n t ati o n o ffour h o rse s is b e c au se our is t he n u m b e r o f

f
e q u ity a ,
n d fo u r h o rse s sym b o li se t he di sc o rdan t fac ul ti e s o f

t he Mi n d b ro ught i n to c o n t ro l an d tra i n e d t o t he e q u ip o i se

o f P e rf e cti o n .

The Hi ndo o s p o rtray t he ch ari o t o f O M t he Su n as

be i n g d raw n by se ve n gre e n h o rse s p re c e d e d by A RU NA t he
Daw n a n d fo ll o w e d by a c o u n tl e ss h o s t o f go o d ge n ii .

A m o n g t he title s o f t he Su n are Dyuma ni The G e m o f ,

t he Sky t he S avi o u r t he Lo rd o f
“ ”
Ta ra ni
,
G ra hap a ti
, , ,

t he Stars an d Mitra t he F ri e n d ge ne rally u n de rsto o d ”

, , ,

t o m e an friend of the w a ter lily which e xpa n d s he r p e tal s at

t he ri s i n g o f t he s u n an d cl o s e s th e m o n his se t t in g
f’
In
The Song of Solomon t he b ride IS s ig n ifican tly te rm e d “
lily
o f t he vall e y an d t he de scripti o n o f he r alt o ge th e r
,
”

“
l o ve ly b ride groo m co n cl ude s with the e xp re ss io n Thi s Is
”

,
”
m y b e l o ve d an d thi s is my friend .
1

In fig 4 19 t he ge n tl e-e ye d D i o n y so s is p o rtraye d withi n

.

a Te m pl e an d thi s p avili o n o f t he Da is c u rt ai n e d with

, y
1
Ki g vi 17
2 n s . . Ki g I — 2 2
2 n s n. 11 1 .

3
Th Hi d e pp 155—57 n o os, vi 6 . 1 .
1
. 1 .
 KI NG S OLO M ON
drape ry p ro babl y re pre se n ti n g t he c u rtai n s o f S olo m o n
,
.

The atte n da n t vi rgi n s m ay b e e q u at e d with th o se who in

t he Song appl au d t he pre ci o u s n a m e o f Sol o m o n Th e re
“
.

fo re do t he vi rgi n s l o ve th e e Draw m e w e will ru n afte r

thee . W e will b e glad an d rej o ice in th ee w e will ,

re m e m b e r thy l o ve mo re th an wi n e The u p right love .

( No nn u t Boc c hno l e mb r
a c ed. ( Pon ce Batu do Tun
. . n ot 12 I

4 19

thee .
” 2
Be h o ld s i n gs t he B ride
,
t ho u art fai r m y lo ve,

th o u has t do ve s e ye s B e ho ld th o u art fai r m y b e lo ve d

’
.
, ,

ea pl e as a n t : a l so o u r b e d is gre e n T he b e am s o f o u r
y , .

ho u se are c e dar a n d o u r rafte rs o f fir

,
.

Thi s mys te ri o u s gre e n“

b e d has pro ve d su ch a
st u m bli n g-bl o ck t o c o m m e n tat o rs th at th e y h av e fo u n d it

n e c e ssary t o p o st u l at e t he e xi st e n c e o f a s h e ph e rd l o v e r so ,

s t rick e n with p o ve rty tha t all he co u ld b e st o w u p o n his

bride was a m e an co nc h o f grass Bu t t he c o l o u r G reen .

3
1 15—17
. .
15 8 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
was at o n e ti me a wide ly u n d e rsto o d e m bl e m o f e vergre e n
o r e v e rlas ti n g a n d thi s e xpl an ati o n al so
,
rati o n al i se s t he

reen h o rse s o f t he Hi n d o o S u n d T h e E ypti an s plac e d

g g o
g .

reenst o n e am u l e t s in th e i r t o m b s as r e p re se n t a tiv e o f e t e rn al
g
yo uth an d as a typ e o f th at which is e ve rlas ti n g e ve rgre e n , ,

fre sh yo u n g an d i mmo rtal At t he p re se n t day bo th

, ,
.

Ch ri stian s a n d M o h am m e da ns in Pal e sti n e m ak e vo ws to

St G e o rge in c ase o f dange r a n d di st re ss a n d addre ss him
1
,

t he e v e rg re e n g re e n o n e The gre e n b e d o f S o l o m o n
”
as .

wo u ld th u s se e m t o b e a p o e tic al l u si o n t o t he e ve rlasti n g
n u pti al s o f t he S u n an d it fo ll o w s th at t he ,
be am s o f o u r
“
h o use which are c e dar an d o u r rafte rs o f fir h ave ,

re fe re n c e t o t he City o r T e m pl e o f t he Su n The l o fty .

fir t re e w as t he sy m bo l o f e l e vati o n a n d t he H o u se
” 2
-
,

o f C e dar i n c o rru ptibl e an d st ro n g m ay b e c o m p are d t o

, ,

t he T e m pl e o f S o l o m o n t he sy m b o lic N o v a S o ly ma, t he
,

Ne w J e ru sale m t he City o f t he Su n t he s pi rit u al city

, ,

which lay fb ursquare an d wh o se l e n gth was as large as its

8
bre adth .

The t raditi o n th at t he Te m pl e o f S o l o m o n is t he
Ki n gd o m o f H e ave n has b e e n re s trai n e d— alo n g with m u ch
o th e r d e t rit u s f ro m m yth o l o gy a n d fa bl e — b t h e F re e m aso n s
y ,

wh o s e vo cati o n is avo we d to b e t he re b u ildi n g o f t he

Te m ple o r City o f t he S o u l .

The m y stic s p ri mary c o n sid e ra tio n was t o t ran sfo rm t he

dark cave o r stabl e o f his i n dividu al m i n d i n to a m in iat u re
Te m pl e o f t he H o ly Spi rit his n e xt to b e c o m e a n ail ,

sto n e o r pill ar in
,
t he g re ate r c o s m ic Te m pl e o f Ki n g

S o l o mo n T he c o ve n an t Him that o ve rco me th will I

.
“
,

1
S t G eo rg e fo r E ng la n d, c o m pil ed by H O F, . . . p . 13 .

2
Flo w ers in La ng uag e, e tc , . p . 21 .

3 “
T he l e n g th a n d t h e b re a d th a n d t he h e ig ht of it a re e q ua l ,
Re vl
e a

i
t o n xxi 16 . .

1
‘ “
K no w ye not th a t ye a re t h e Te m pl
e of G od and th a t t h e S pi i t
r of

G o d d we ll e th in yo u — 1 i
C o r n th i ans iii . 16.
 KI N G S OLO M ON 159

make a pil lar in t he Te m pl e o f my G o d is re fl e ct e d an d ”

1

e xp re sse d in t he P i ll ar d e s ig n s h e re ill u s trat e d .

D u ri n g t he fifte e n th ce n t u ry th e re se e m s to h ave e xi s te d
in E u ro p e a m aso n ic grad e k no w n a s t he Go ld e n C o l u m n
‘

At thi s p e ri o d th e re was p u bli sh e d a wo rk e n title d L e Songe

de Polip hile c o n tai n i n g in t he fo rm o f an ac ro stic t he co n
,

ceale d i n fo rm ati o n th at t he a u th o r w as a c e rt a i n B ro th e r

Fran ci s a Go l de n Col u m n o f t he Te m pl ar O rde r

,
.

In t he de sc ripti o n o f t he Te m pl e b u i ldi n g give n in t he

Bo o k o f Ki n gs; it is said t hat SOLO MON se t u p t wo pill ars
3

in t he p o rch n am i n g th at o n t he right h an d J achi n a n d th at

,
-

R v l ti
1
e iii e a on . 12 .

2
My ti l T ditis C p
ca O kl y i p
ra 4
o n s, oo er a e , . . 11 .

3
Ki g vii
1 n s . 2 1, 2 2 .
160 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL ISM
o n t he l e ft B o az p o n t he to p o f t he pillars w as lily
,
and u

wo rk ; so w as t he w o rk o f t he pillars fi n i sh e d Thi s .
”

Fle u r de Lis o r lily wo rk is d u ly ap pare n t in t he e mble ms

-

h e re with an d t he Fl e u r de Lis as w e h ave s e e n was a

, , ,

sy m b o l o f light The Star c ro ss o f Light s urm o u n ti n g fig

. .

“
4 2 6 is th e re f o re e q u ival e n t t o Lily wo rk Acc o rdi ng to ”
- .

Dr Ch u rchward s Signs a nd Symbols of Primordia l Ma n t hi s

’

Star c ro ss sym bo l w as t he Hi e ro glyphic S ign o f t he Egyptian

-

HO RUS HO RUS which was t he e arli e r n am e o f OS IR IS in

.
,

o n e o r a n o th e r o f his vari o u s fo rm s was d e scrib e d in t he ,

sac re d w riti n g s as Lo rd o f t he P ill ars t he L ight o f t he ,

”

Wo rld t he Lo rd o f Life an d Light t he Br u i se r o f

,
“ “
,

t he S e rp e n t t he C o n q ue ro r o f t he D rago n t he O ve r
,
”

c o m e r o f t he po we rs o f Dark ne ss an d Dro u ght HO R US .

t he All-se e i n g o n e was Lo rd o f t he No rt he rn Light s

G o d o f t he P o l e Star Di ffu se r o f Light, t he
”
an d t he ,
“
Give r of ray s t he Te ach e r o f t he W ay an d was
“
,
”

re ga rd e d as sy m b o lic o f t he Po we r which l ead s t he so u l

fro m death dark n e ss an d ig n o ran c e to t he m an si o n s of t he
, ,

Ble sse d He w as t he Divi n e H eal e r a n d t he Go o d P hy sici an

.
,

t he Pri n c e o f Pe ac e a n d G o o dwill t he Man ife st o r o f t he ,

Eve r Hidde n Fath e r a n d B u ilde r o f t he Te m ple o f Pe ac e

, .

HO RUS aro se fro m t he de ad an d e stabli sh e d hi m se lf fo r

“

e ve r He w as t he re p re se n tative o f e te rn al yo u th t he
”
.
,

gre e n sh o o ts o f t re e s an d o f e ve rythi n g th at is go o d .

A m o n g his title s w as Pri n c e o f t he E me rald Sto n e an d ,

his e m bl e m was t he eagl e h awk Thi s e ve rg re e n S o lar G o d

.

was said t o h ave re n t t he ve il o f t he Ta b e rn acl e (o f t he

fl e sh ) an d a mo n g t he Dru id s he was k n o w n u n de rt he n am e
,

H e s us 1
I t wo u ld se e m that t he Egyptia n H o rus an d t he
.

Ch ri stian J e su s b o th t o a large e xt e n t p e rso n ifie d t he sam e

ide al an d th at th e re we re e xc e lle n t reaso ns fo r t he stat e m e n t
1
S ign s and Sy mbo ls f Primordia l Ma ir
o , pp .
51, 52 , 63, 88, 9 3, 10 8, 111,

186, 2 34, 246, 2 7 1, 2 7 5, 2 7 8, 2 80 , 28 1 .

 KI N G S OLO M ON
o f t he H e b re w p ro ph e t O u t o f Egypt h av e I c all e d m y
so n.
”
1
It is p o ssible tha t t he sac re d H h e re ill u st rate d
s tan d s fo r HO R US a n d th at t he l e tt e r O s ta n d s fo r his l at e r
,

app e llati o n OS IR IS Bu t t he le tt e r o r wo rd 0 is it se l f a
. .

hi e ro glyph fo r t he ro u n d su n an d t he c o rre ct n e ss o f m y
2
,

su rm i se th at t he O N o f SO LO MON a n d H A G ON m e a n t s u n is

so me wh at c o n fi rm e d by t he fact th at w e m e e t with v ari a n t s

o f th e se n a m e s in t he fo rm s S A LO MO an d HM O O th e r .

variati o n s o f SOLO MON are S U L EIMA N an d SOO LEMA U N which ,

be c o me s ig n ifican t in vi e w o f t he fact that t he city o f O N

is w ritt e n in t he O ld T e s ta m e n t in tw o way s A U N a n d A N ,

bo th o f which are re n d e re d i n to E n gli s h by t he wo rd O N .

It th u s be c o me s mo re th an a c o i n cide nce th at t he Ki n g o f
Swe de n w as name d O N o r A U N an d th e re m u st b e a radic al ,

re l ati o n b e tw e e n th e se t e rm s a n d t he O M o r A U M o f t he

Hi n do o s .

In Egypt t he l e tte r O o rigi n al ly re p re se n t e d “

t he
e m a n in m o u th o f a fish which giv e s bi rth t o wat e r as t he
g
life o f t he w o rld I t th u s re p re se n te d t he wate r o f life
.
,

1
H xi
o se a . M tth w ii 5
1 a e . 1 .

2
A lyp i Hi g g i
n aca s s, i 9 n s, . 10 .

d L g g f My th K v g (M g
h ) i 32
2
O ig i
r n an an ua e o s, a a na or a n , . .
1 62 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
and w as re garde d y m bo l an d s ign o f t he su sta i n e r
as t he s

o f n e w lif e a n d n e w bi rth Withi n fig 4 30 t he d e sig n e r

.
1
.

has s ig n ific an tly i n t ro d u c e d t he re ge n e rative n u m b e r 8 .

T he th ree t ri an gl e s o r ray s u p o n t he s u m m it o f fig 4 3 1 .

are a ve ry a n ci e n t fo rm o f t he th re e fo ld L ight o f t he W o rld .

“
Th e y re p re se n t t he n am e o f t he Gre at Give r of Light
an d w e re u se d with thi s sig n ific a n c e a m o n g t he p ri m o rdi al

Egypti a n s M e xica n s an d o E sh o o t rac e s Th e se a nci e n t

, ,
-
.
2

p e o pl e s al so m ade wide u se o f thi s D ual P illar sy m b o l an d ,

t o th e m is t rac e abl e t he e xp re ss i o n G re at Archit e ct o f t he ,

U n ive rse T he t wo pillars sym bo li se d t he gate way o f

.

e t e rn ity a n d w e re u se d a s a typ e o f e t e rn al s t ability T he .

p re ci se m e an i n g o f e ach p artic ular pillar has vari e d slightly

a m o n g di f fe re n t rac e s a n d a t difle re n t e p o ch s b u t t he id eas
’
,

u n d e rlyi n g th e m a re f u n dam e n t ally u n ifo rm J a chin and .

’
Boa z t he twi n pi ll ars in t he p o rch o f Ki n g S o l o m o n s
,

Te m ple m e an St re n gth an d B e au ty an d wh e n three pillars

, ,

are re p re se n t e d as in fi s 4 4 2 a n d 4 4 3 t h e y d e n o t e Wi sd o m
g , .
, ,

St re n gth an d B e au ty
,
Thi s sy m bo l o f three pill a rs o cc u rs
.
4

a m o n g t he Hi n d o o s an d w as al s o u se d by t he M ay as o f
,

M e xico an d t he I n c as o f Pe ru A mo n g th e se it re p re se n te d .

1
S ig n s a nd S y m bo l s f
o Pr imo r dia l Ma n ,
Dr C h u rc hw a rd, p 346
. .

2
Mid , pp .
35
—188 .
3
Ibid .
, p . 159 .
1
‘
Ibid .
,
p 38
. .
 KI N G S OLO M ON 163

th e ir T ri u n e G o d o r Tri n ity T he Egyptian s al so de picte d

.

the ir Tri n ity in t he fo rm o f th re e pillars k no w n re sp e ctive ly

164 THE LO ST LA N G UAGE O F SYMB OL ISM
as
“
Wi s do m Po we r a n d ,
”
Go o d n e s s
“
,
J u dgi n g “
.

fro m t he e vide n c e o f e m bl e m s it may b e safely assu m e d

th a t t he th re e ci rcle s which su bse qu e n tly sym bo li se d t he
Ch ri s tia n Tri n ity an d which app ear abo ve fig 4 2 3 o rigi n ally .
,

typifie d Pe rfe ct Wi sdo m Pe rfe ct Po we r and Pe rfe ct

,
”

Go o d ne ss O ve r fig 4 4 3 wil l b e n o tic e d t he th re e fo ld
. .

fl am e o f t he Pe rp e tu al Fi re .

Figs 4 4 4 t o 4 4 6 are de sc ribe d by M o n s Briq u e t as

. .

n a il s a n d in t he m i n d s o f t he d e s ig ne rs t he se p ro b ably
”

s y m bo l i se d t he p ro m i se o f I sai a h 1 will fast e n him as a ,

“

n a il in a s u re pl ac e an d he sh all b e fo r a gl o ri o u s th ro n e t o

his fa th e r s h o u se
’
A n d th e y s h all h an g u p o n him all t he
.

gl o ry o f h is fat he r s h o u se ”
It is al so p ro babl e th at thi s
’

.
2

sy m b o l o f t he n a il had so m e re l ati o n t o t h e pa ssage in E z ra ,

“
A n d n O W fo r a littl e sp ac e grac e h ath b e e n s he we d fro m
'

t he Lo rd o u r G o d t o l e ave u s a re m n an t t o e sca p e a n d t o
, ,

give u s a n ail in his h o ly place th at o u r G od m ay lighte n ,

o u r e ye s a n d giv e u s a littl e re vivi n g in o u r b o n d ag e .

Th e re is fu rth e r re fe re n c e to a n ail in Z e chari ah The ,

Lo rd o f h o st s hath vi s ite d his fl o ck t he h o u se o f J u dah , ,

d Sy m b l f P im di l M h w d p 44
1
S ig ns a n D Ch
o s o r or a an, r urc ar ,
. .

xxii 3 4
2
. 2 , 2 . ix 8 3
. .
 KI N G S OLO M ON
an d h ath m ad e th e m
go o dly h o rse in t he battl e
as his .

O ut o f H im c am e fo rth t he c o rn e r o u t o f H im t he n ail
”
1
.
,

T he e xp re ss i o n c o rn e r h e re p re s u m ably m e an s c o rn e r
”
t
s o n e.

The “
c o rn e r—s to n e h e re ill us t rate d is p re su m ably

C P C P

Ch ri st In wh o m all t he b u ildi n g fit ly fra m e d t o ge th e r

,
“

gr o we th u n to a n h o ly te m pl e in t he Lo rd : In wh o m ye
al so are b u i l d e d t o ge th er fo r a n h abita ti o n o f G o d th ro u gh
”
t he Spi ri t
2
.

D r M o n c u re D C o n way has clo se ly id e n tifi e d t he

.
3

ch aracte r an d sayi n gs o f J e su s Chri st with th o se o f S o l o m o n .

The t dy o f e m bl e m s p ro ve s th at t he m ys tic s o f t he
s u

Mi ddl e Age s e n te rtai n e d s i m ilar n o ti o n s o f thi s ide n tity ,

a n d th at in th e i r e ye s t he gl o ri o u s S o l o m o n leapi n g o ve r ,

t he m o u n ta i n s o f B e th e r w a s n o n e o th e r th an J e s u s Ch ri st
,
.

The figu re s h e re with m ay re pr e se n t t he R u l e r o f N o va

S o ly ma an d t he P ri n c e o f Pe ac e o r it is p o ss ible th at fig 4 4 9
,
.

m ay b e i n t e n d e d fo r M IT H RA w ho was ge n e rally re pre ,

x 3—4 1
. . E ph — e s ia n s 11. 2 1 2 2 .
3
Cf S o lo mo n
. a nd S o l o mo n ic L itera t u re .

V OL . I
.
166 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
t d
se n e as a yo u n g with his h e ad c o ve re d by a t urban
m an ,

aft e r t he m a n n e r o f t he Pe rs i an s ; b u t t he q u e s ti o n n e e d
1

n o t b e d e b at e d fo r a ppa re n tly SOLO MON a n d M IT H RA w e re

,

s i m ply t w o a m o n g m a n y o th e r nam e s fo r t he sam e e rso n ifica

‘ '

p
ti o n The M e xican s p o rtraye d HO RUS with an o p e n m o u th
.

a n d p o i n ti n g fi n g e r re p re se n ti n g him as p re achi n g o r as a
,
“
Saye r o f Sayi n gs in t he Te m pl e It will b e n o tic e d
.

( see a nte ,
p 2.
7) th a t t h e e fli g ie s o f J e s u s Ch ri s t are a ll
o p e n -m o u th e d an d th a t t he
,
p o rtrait s o f Ki n g S o l o m o n
h e re with s i m ilarly de pict him as t he u tte re r o f wi se w o rds
.
.

Be c au se t he p re ach e r was wi se he still ta u ght t he p e o pl e

,

k n o wl e dge ; ye a he gav e go o d h e e d an d so ught o u t a n d

, , ,

se t in o rd e r man y p ro v e rb s The w o rds o f t he wi se are as

.

go ad s an d as nail s faste ne d by t he mast e rs o f asse mbl i e s

, ,
”
which are give n fro m o n e s h e ph e rd .
3

L mp i e
1
e r re .
2
S g i d Sy mb l f P im di l M
ns a n o s o p 8
r or a an, . 2 1
.

E l i t
3
xii 9
c c e s a s es .
, I1.
 C HA PTER V III

THE FAI R SHU LAMITE

W ho is s h e t ha t l
o o k e th fo rt h as th e mo rn i n g, fai r as th e mo on , l c ea r

as th e s un , a n d t e rr ibl e a s a n a rm y i
w t h b a n n e rs S ONG
-
0F S OLO ON
M .

TH E q u aliti e s a tt rib u t e d
h e ro i n e o f The Song of
to t he

Solomon are so n u m e ro u s c o n t radicto ry an d c o n flicti n g th at

, , ,

c rit 1CIs m u n a bl e t o re c o n cil e th e m ass u m e s th a t t he p o e m

, ,

do e s n o t re fe r t o a S i n gl e p e rso nality b u t is an an th o lo gy ,

o f se c u l ar s o n g s u s e d at S e m itic m arri ag e fe s tiv al s re vi se d ,

a n d l o o s e ly c o n ne ct e d by an e dito r with o u t re gard t o

te m p o ral se q ue n c e .
1

Bu t if as I h av e s h o w n re a so n t o s u pp o se t he B rid e
, ,

gro o m is Ki ng S o l o m o n hi m se lf it na t u rally fo ll o w s th at t he
,

fai r Sh u l am it e is s he o f who m he w ro t e “ I l o ve d he r an d
so ught he r o u t f ro m m y o u th I d e si re d to m ak e he r m
y y
my
-

sp o u s e a n d I w as a l o ve r o f he r be a
”
,
Th e se wo rd s .

are add re sse d t o t he p e rso n ific ati o n o f Wi sdo m a wo rd

“ ”

th at has n o wad ays l o s t it s t ru e m e an i n g a n d u n fo rt u nat e ly ,

fail s t o co n ve y it s o rigi n al sig n ific an c e A m o ng t he an ci e n t s .

“
Wi sdo m i m pli e d Lo ve an d K n o wle dge bl e n de d in pe r
fe c t a n d e q u al p ro p o rti o n s “
O ur E n gli s h w o rd T ru th
.

e rso n ifie s wh a t is p e rh ap s t he re s t app ro ach t t h

p n ea o e

origi n al co n c e pti o n ; b u t Wi sdo m m e an t m o r e th an

“ ”

1
C ti l
”
E y l p di B ibli
nc c o e t a Ch y
ca , a r . an c e s, e ne .

W i d m f S l m viii
2
s o o o o on . I.
167
 168 T H E LO ST LAN G U AG E O F SYMB OL I SM
Tr u th I t w as u se d to pe rso n ify t he Ce l e sti al I n fl u e n c e
.

which at a l ate r p e ri o d w as d e sc rib e d as t he H o ly Spi rit '

.
”

”
“
Wi s do m which is t he wo rke r o f all go o d thi n gs say s
, ,

So lo m o n “
tau ght m e : fo r in he r is a n u n de rstan di n g
,

s pi rit h o ly o n e o n ly m an ifo ld s u btil liv e ly cl e ar u n de file d

, , , , , , , ,

p lai n n o t s u bj e ct to h u rt l o v i n g t he thi ng th at is go o d
, , ,

q u ick which c an n o t b e Ie tte d ready t o do go o d Ki n d

, ,
.

t o m a n s t e adfas t s u re fr e e f ro m c are h a vi n g all p o w e r

, , , , ,

o v e rs e e i n g all thi n g s a n d go i n g th ro u gh all u n d e r stan di n g

, ,

p u re an d mo s t su bti l s pi rit s Fo r wi sdo m is m o re m o vi ng

, .

th an any m o ti o n s he p asse th an d go e th thro ugh all thi ngs

by reaso n o f he r p ure n e s s Fo r she is t he bre ath o f t he .

po we r o f G o d a nd a p u re i n fl u e n ce fl o wi n g fro m t he gl o ry
,

o f t he Al m ighty : th e re fo re ca n no de file d thi n g fal l i n to

he r . Fo r she is t he b right ne ss o f t he e ve rl asti n g light ,

t he u n s p o tte d m irro r o f t he po w e r o f G o d a n d t he i m ag e ,

o f H is g o o d n e ss A n d b e i n g b u t o n e s he c an do all thi n gs
.
,

an d re m ai n i n g in h e r s e lf s he m a k e th all thi n g s n e w : an d ,

in all age s e n te ri n g i n to h o ly so ul s s he m a k e th th e m fri e n d s ,

o f G o d a n d p ro ph e t s ,
Fo r G o d l o ve th n o n e b u t him th at
.

dwe ll e th with wi sdo m Fo r she is m o re be au tiful th an t he

’

s u n a n d a b o v e all t he o rd e rs o f s t ars
, b e i n g c o m pare d with
t he light s he is f o u n d b e fo re it
,
Fo r afte r thi s c o m e th .

n ight : b u t vic e s h all no t p re va i l agai n st wi sdo m .

“
Who so fin de t h m e say s Wi sdo m o f h e rse l f fin det h ,
“
,

l ife b u t he that s i n n e th agai n st m e wro n ge th his o w n

,
”
so u l ; All th e y th a t h at e m e l o v e d e ath
2
.

In Egypt Wi s do m was p e rso n ifi e d by a m an ifo ld

go dde ss o f wh o m it was i n sc ribe d : I am th at which is

“
,
”
ha s b e e n an d s h all b e an d n o man has lift e d m y ve il
, .

Si m ilarly o f Wi sdo m t he H e brew s wr o te : The firs t “

1
Wi s do m o f S olo mo n v n. Pro v e rb s viii .

3
Is i s w a s w o rsh ipp e d un de r i
d ffe re n t na m e s
in d ffe re n t ro i p vi nce s . At
Th e b es s h e was Mu t ,
at B ub a ste s S e k het, a n d a t De n de ra Ha tho r .
 THE FAI R SHU LAM ITE
man kn ew p e rfe ctly n o m o re sh all t he l a st fin d he r
he r not ,

o ut. Fo r he r th o u ght s a re m o re th an t he se a a n d he r
c o u nse l s p ro fo u n der th an t he Gre at De e p It is n o te .

wo rthy th at t he writ e r o f The Song of Solomon is hi m se lf

p e rple xe d at t he c o m ple x charact e r o f his o w n h e ro i n e .

Like P ilate w ho aske d : W hat is Tru th ? he l e ave s u n

.
“ ”

an s we re d h is o w n q u e ry
“
W ho is s he tha t lo o ke th fo rth
,

as t he m o rn i n g fai r as t he m o o n cl ear as t he s u n an d
, , ,

t errible as a n arm y with ban n e rs

It w as c us to mary in t he T e m pl e s o f I S IS fo r c e rt ai n
chants o r Hym n s o f I n vo cati o n t o b e su n g by t he p ri e sts
an d p ri es t e sse s Th e se f u n cti o n s we re acc o m pan i e d by
.

sp e ctac ul ar an d d ra m atic e f fe ct s— t he fo re ru n n e rs o f t he
cl assic Myste ri e s an d t he c o mparative ly mo de rn Mi racl e
Plays .In t he w o rs hip o f I S IS it w as c u sto m ary fo r a
pri e ste ss to i mp e rso n ate t he M o o n go dde ss an d fo r a p ri e s t -

to p lay t he p art o f O s iri s he r S u n -go d B rid e g ro o m

,
The .

c ere mo n y th u s assu me d t he fo rm o f a dram atic di alo g ue

an d o cc asi o n al ch o r u s— b e tw e e n I S IS an d O S IRIS It is .

pro bable that p age an t s o f thi s m y stic marri age be twe e n t he

Su n an d M o o n we re o n c e a wid e s p re ad c u st o m th e y we re
ce rtai n ly c u sto m ary in C re te wh e re p e ri o dically the Ki n g
,

an d Q u e e n we ari n g t he m as k s o f a b u ll a n d c o w re s p e ctiv e ly
, ,

acte d t he so l e m n rit e T he m an u sc ript s o f so m e o f t he

2

Egypti an i n vo c ati o ns have su rvive d t he age s a n d fo u r o f ,

t h e m h ave re c e n tly b ee n p u b l i s h e d u n d e r t he titl e o f The

Burden of Isis A c o m p ari so n with The Song of Solomon
.

make s it app ear pr o babl e th at t he l att e r is n o t an an th o l o gy

o f J e wi s h W e ddi n g S o n g s b u t t he lib re tto al m o s t u n e dit e d
, , ,

o f a Su n an d Moo n Mys t e ry P l ay Fo r c o m p ari so n a fe w

.

passage s are he re cite d side by s ide

S g f S l m
1
on vi
o o o on . 10 .

Th Dyi g G d J G F
2
e n p 69
o , . . ra ze r, . .
1
70 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OLI SM

FRO M T HE FRO M AN

SON G OF SOL O MON . IN V OC A T IO N To O SIR IS .

( The B u rden
f
o Isis ) .

B e c a u se o f t he v
sa o u r o f t h y Hail, t ho u sw e e t -sc e n t e d o n e I
g o o d o in t m e n t s,
y i th
s as n ame T he is u n gue n t fo r t he hair at
re

o in t m e n t p o ure d fo rt h t he re fo re th c o m in g S w eet sc e n t e d
y .

do t he v irgin s o v e t he e , i 3 l . . o do u rs a re u po n t h
y h a r, w it h i
u n ue n t s t ha t p ro c e e d fro m him
g
se lf, p 4 7 . .

I a m sic k o f o l v e
,
11. 5 . I in fl a me d w it h lo v in g
am

Dra w m e , we wi ll r un a ft e r t h e e 1 Hail A pp ro ac h Be
t he e , i 4
. . ho ld, I w e e p fo r t he e alo ne
c o me t o me w ho r unnet h b e c a use

ofm de sire t o b e ho l d t he e , p 4 4
y . .

B e ho ld, t ho u a rt fair, my o ve l B e ho ld ! b e a u t i ful fac e o f

t he
be ho ld, t ho u art fair ; t ho u hast t he b e lo v e d Lo rd t urn e d t o w ards
do v e s e ye s, i 15 p
’
1.
. . us
,
.
3

C o me t ho u in pe ac e ,
0 o ur

Lo rd w ho m w e b e ho ld ; o ur

p rin c e , p 3 1 . .

Ho w fa i r is th
y lo v e ,
my C o me to t he o ne w ho l veth o

sist er ,
1
my p
s o use
,
iv . 10 . t he e , O t ho u w ho art be a t i f l u u .

C o me to t h
y sister c o m e t o t hy

w ife , p . 2 1.

T he v o ic e o f my b elo v e d ! B e ho ld he c o me t h p .
49 .

behold, he comet h le a pin g u po n

t he m o u n t ain s ! ii 8 . .

U n t il t he day b re ak , a n d t he Thillu m in e st at t he day

ou

sha do w s fle e a w ay ii 1 7 . . b re ak an d t ho u re st e st at e v e n in g ;
,

t his be in g t hy da y w o rk He il .

b rin ge t h t he e t o t he m o un t ain s,
p . 1
4 .
1
On e o f th e il
t t e s o f Is s was i “
t he ro ya w l if e a n d s is ter .
 THE FAI R SHU LAMITE
C o me m e , t ho u u n it e r o f
to
Hea v e n t o Eart h, w ho c a u se t h
his shado w daily in t h e la n d,
m e sse n ge r o f He a v e n t o Eart h !
p 4 3~

Iso ught him, b u t I fo u n d him I am se e kin g aft r l v e e o behold

not I w ill rise n o w , an d go
. me i i g in t he cit y ! gre at are
ex st n

a bout t he cit in t he st re e t s, iii 1—2

y . . it s w alls g r e v e fo r t h
.
y I
o ve i l
t o w ards me — t ho u hast de p art e d,
p 36. .

My lo v e d
ha d w it hdra w n
be B e ho l d m y he art w hic h
t ho u

l
him se f, a n d w as go n e m y so u l g i
r e v e t h fo r t h e e B e ho ld m e .

l
fai e d w he n he sp ak e : so u h t
g I se e kin
g fo r t he e l am se arc hin
g
I
him, b u t c o u d n o t fin d him l I fo r t he e t o b e ho d t he e ! Lo ! l
ll
c a e d him, b ut he
gav e m e n o I am p re v e
fro m b e ho d n g nte d li
an sw e r
,
v 6 . . t he e ; I am p re v e n t e d fro m b e
l
ho din g t he e , 0 A 11 ! ( A 11 t he
Su n go d), p 2 1 . .

T he sm e ll o f t hy garm e n t s is T he o do u r o f t h
y l im b s is lik e

like t he smell o f Le b an o n , iv 1 I . . o do urs o f Pun t , p .

46 .

A w ake , 0 no rt h w in d ; a n d b lo w fo r
B re ez e s t he e w th i
c o me t ho u so ut h b lo w u po n m y pe rfume , O h usban d, e lde r lo rd
, ,

g a rde n , t ha t t he sp ic e s t he re o f b e lo v e d ! p 38 . .

m ay flo w o ut , iv 16 . .

T ho u art t errible as an arm y Hail, t ho u G re at an d t er rible

w it h b an n e rs, v i 4
. . o ne !p 5 . .

T he rain is ve r an d Re mo v e t ho u st o rm s o f rain ,
"

o o ne
g ;
t he fl o w e rs a ppe a r on t he e art h, an d
giv e t ho u sun shin e t o t he

h . I I—12 . lan d w i t h fe c un dit y, p 4 8 . .

His
he ad is as t he mo st fin e T hy hai r is lik e t urq uo ise o v e r
g o d l H is e s are a s p
g
. lars o f ill his b o dy Lo ! t he lap is laz uli
.

l
marb e se t u p o n so c k e t s o f fin e is a b o v e t hy hair : t hy skin an d
go d l T hy t e e t h are as a fl o c
. k t hy fl e sh are l ike iro n o f t he
o f she e p w hic h o u f ro m t he so u t h ; t hy b o n e s are fo rm e d o f
g p
w ashin g, v 1 I, 15 vi 6
. . . Sil v e r T hy t e e t h are t o t he e
.

a s fin e lap i s laz uli , p 47 . .

 17 2 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
Th e se ge ne ral si m ilariti e s o f style an d s ubj e ct m atte r -

are st rik i ng b u t th e re are al so m an y f u rth e r re markabl e

,

p o i n t s o f c o n tact The n am e OS IRIS is de rive d acc o rdi n g

.
,

t o Le P l o n g e o n fro m a M aya v e rb m e an i n g to desire

,

v ehement y a n d t he w o rd has th u s s o m e ti m e s b e e n i n t e r
l ,

p re t e d as
“
H e w ho wa s v e ry m u ch d e s i re d a n d d early

be l o ve d .

The p e ri o d wh e n t he i n vo cati o n s t o O s i ri s w e r e fi rs t
w ritte n is n o t k n o w n A s th e i r late st e dito r sugge st s it is
.
,

p ro babl e that in t he e arli e st ti m e s th e y we re c o m m itt e d t o

m e m o ry a n d h an de d d o w n by m e an s o f o ral t raditi o n fro m
ge n erati o n to ge n e rati o n San c t ifie d by age a n d do u bly .

san ctifi e d by sac re d asso ci a ti o n s it se e m s pro b abl e th a t a n ,

O si ri an te m pl e-ch an t fe ll i n to t he h an d s o f so me Syri an
sc rib e ,
by wh o m it was re ligi o usly e dite d ch ri ste n ed The ,

Song of Solomon an d as su ch p re se rve d ,

T he r e fe re n c e t o .

”
P h arao h s ch ari o ts
’
m ay n o t i m p o ss ibl y b e a p assage
2

th at escap e d t he e dit o ri al e ye o f t he J e wi sh adapte r .

Alth o u gh t he dra ma tis p ersona o f The Song of Solomon

c o n si s ts si m ply o f t he B ride t he Bride groo m an d a ch o ru s , ,

o f p ri e s t e sse s th e re is it wi l l b e n o tic e d a so r t o f e pilo g u e

, , ,
“ ”
re l ati n g t o a m y s t e ri o u s littl e s i s te r Thi s l ittle s i s te r
3
.

is p erh ap s NEPH IHYS w ho acco rdi n g to P rofe sso r Pe tri e

' ‘
, , ,

a s h a d o wy d o u bl e o f I s i s re p u te dly her si s te r an d
“
w as ,

alway s a s so ci at e d with he r : she s e e m s t o h av e n o o th e r

”
f u n ctio n .
”
O r n o t i m p ro b ably t he
4 “
littl e s i ste r m ay be
I si s h e rse lf t he n am e I si s be i n g de rive d by Le Plo n geo n
,
”
f ro m the M aya wo rd icin mean i n g littl e si ste r
“
,
In thi s .
5

c ase The Song of Solomon m ust b e rai se d t o a ge ne rati o n

high e r an d u n de rs to o d as a di al o gu e b e twe e n t he p are n ts o f
1
S ac red My thology a mo ng th e May a s ,
p . 87 .
9
2
i . .

3 “
We ha v e a li ttl i
e s s te r an d s h e h a th no b re as ts W h at sha ll we do for
.

i e
o ur s s t r o n t h e da y t h a t s h e s h a ll be s p ok e n fo r ? — S ong of S o lo mo n viii .

p Qu een Moo , p
1 1
Relig ion o f A ncien t Egyp t, .
44 . . 154 .
 THE FAI R SHU LAM ITE 17 3

I si s an d O s iri s i e Kn e pt h an d Nu t T he Egypti an like all

,
. . .
,

an ci e n t m y s tic s c o n ce ive d h is d e iti e s n o t as so l itary b u t

, ,

as h avi n g e ach h is o r he r d u al a flin it

y a n d c o u n t e rp a rt
, , .

In Hi n d o o s t o ry t he divi n e C o w e xcl ai m s t o he r c o n so rt
t he divi n e B u ll Fo r wh at am I b u t a d o u bl e a nd a c o py
a n d a n e ch o o f a B e i n g which is Th o u
1

If as is al m o s t i n vari ably t he case in m yth o l o gy t he

, ,

Mo t he i is b u t t he co u n te rpart o f t he F ath e r t he Child

'

c o n stit uti n g t he Triad m u s t n atu rally h ave b e e n t he c o u n te r

p art o f it s p ar e n t s OS IR IS t he so n is th e re fo re e sse n tially
.

ide n tical with Kn e pt h an d I S IS t he dau ghte r o r littl e si ste r

,

is t he d ual ity o f t he G rea t M o th e r NU T T he app are n t .

parado x RA is t he so u l o f O siri s a n d O s iris t he so u l o f

, ,

Ra m ay b e t he be tt e r u n d e r s too d in c o m pari so n with t he

,

Ch ri stian te ne t that Ch ri st is n o t o n ly t he So n b u t is
“
,
”

al so t he lik e n e ss o f t he Fa th e r a n d a Pe rso n al ity in wh o m ,

dwell s all t he fu l n e ss o f t he Go dh e a d bo dily .

I t is s ign ific an t th at in The Song of Solomon n o t o n ly is

t he B rid e t he s i s te r of t he B rid e g ro o m b u t S he is a l so h is ,

l ivi n g c o u n te rpart do u bl e i mage an d e ch o She is a

, , , .

s h e ph e rd e s s ; he a s h e ph e rd H e is te rribl e as an arm y .

with ban n e rs ; she lo o ke th fo rth te rribl e a s an arm y with

ban n e rs S he is bl ack ; his l o cks are black as t he rave n
. .

He fee d e th a mo n g lili e s s he is a 1i a m o n g th o rn s H e .

is fai r ; s he all fa i r a n d t he fai re st am o n g w o m e n

,
B o th .

h ave a garde n b o th are m os t e xq u isite ly p e rfu m e d an d

, ,

b o th are asso ciat e d with a ch ario t .

Th o se feat u re s o f t he Sh u lam it e which app are n tly

“
;

c o n fl ict with o n e an o th e r m ay b e su m me d u p as fo llo w s

,

She is s m itt e n w o u n de d an d d e s pi se d ye t t he d a ught e r o f

, , ,

a p ri n c e a n d b e au tif u lly s h o d
,
She is t he k e e p e r o f a V i n e
.

yard t he awake n e r o f th o se w ho sl e e p a sp ri n g a fo u n tai n

, , , ,

1
Th e Heifer of th e Da w n , A . W . Ba i p n, .
72 .

2
Co l i o ss a n s ii .
9 .
17 4 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL ISM
a we ll , an d t he give r o f
p eace B e hi n d he r ve i l l urk t he .

“
e y e s o f a d o ve S he d e sc rib e s h e rse lf as black ye t is ”
.
,

lik e n e d t o a lily t o a ro se t o t he m o rn i ng t o t he m o o n t o
, , , ,

t he s u n t o a n i m p re g n abl e fo rt re s s a n d t o an a rm y t e rribl e
, ,

with ban n e rs .

In t he Wi sd o m o f S o l o mo n Wisdo m is d e scrib e d as o n e “
,

a n i fo ld
”
o n ly a n d thi s m an ifo ld n e ss w as e q u a lly
”

, y et m ,

a c hara cte ri s tic o f I S IS w ho se att rib u t e s an d e pith e t s w e re so

,

n u m e ro u s t hat in t he hi e ro glyphic s s he is c all e d t he m any

n am e d t he
,
“”
th o u sa n d n ame d an d in Gre e k i n sc ripti o n s
-
,

t he m y ri ad n a m e d -
.

In t he Ap o c ryph al “
Act s o f Th o m as th e re is a sh o rt
po e m which Mr G R S M ead has e dit e d u n de r t he title
. . .

The Wedding Song of t sdom I t is b e lie ve d t o h ave b ee n .

o rigi n ally c o m p o se d in Syri ac b u t th e re is m o re p ro bability ,

th at lik e t he so c all e d Song of Solomon it re ach e d Syri a by

-

m e an s o f O ral t raditi o n a n d r e fe rre d 1n t he fi rst i n st an c e t o

I S IS Wh e th e r o r n o t thi s is so fro m i n te rnal e vide n ce it

.

t he maid e n o f The Weddin

“
is i n d u bitabl e th at g
o
f W i sd om is id e n tic al with Ki n g S o l o m o n s b rid e H e r
’
.

We ddi n g S o n g ru n s as fo llo ws .

T he Maide n is Light s Da ught e r

’

O n he r t he Kin g s Radian c e re st e t h
’
.

St at e ly he r Loo k and l
de ight so m e ,
W ith radian t b e a ut y fo rt h-shin in g .

Lik e u n t o s rin p g
-flo w e rs are he r G arm e n t s,
Fro m t he m st re a m e t h sc e n t o f sw e e t o do ur.

O n t he C ro w n He ad t he Kin g t hro n e t h
o f he r .

(W i t h Liv in g Foo d) fe e din g t ho se n e at h Him

’
.

T ru t h on he r He ad do t h re po se ,

m e r Fe e t
J
”
She se n de t h fo rt h o
y f h ro .
1

1
The W e dding S o ng f Wisdo m
o , G R S
. . . Me a d
 THE FAI R SHU LAMITE
The ggestio n th at thi s m ystic p o e m re fe rs t o t he sam e
su

p e rso n ality as t he Bride o f Ki n g S o l o mo n is st re n gth e n e d

by t he c u rio u s li n e s
He r fi ge rs are sec re tly se tt i
n n
g
T he G a te s f t h e C it y ja
”
o a r.

Com pare thi s re fe re n ce t o t he City o f t he S o u l with t he

li n e s in The Song of Solomon My be l o ve d pu t in his h an d
by t he h o le o f t he do o r 1 ro se u p t o o p e n to m y be l o ve d
. .

I o p e n e d t o m y b e l o ve d No te al so th at he r b ride s
.
”
“ 1

m aid s t o o are Sev en who l e ad t he dan c e b e fo re he r 3 a n d

’
2
,
“
c o mpare with Wi sdo m h ath b u ilde d he r ho u se She hath .

h e we d o u t he r Sev en pillars she h ath se n t fo rth he r ,

”
maid e n s .
3

A m o n g t he G n o stic s Wi sdo m w as k n o w n a s SOP H IA the

, ,

Vi rgi n o f Light Thi s he ave n ly M aide n w as said t o h ave

.

b e e n co e xi ste n t with G o d an d as H is M aste r W o rkwo m a n

-
,
-

t o h ave d e sc e n d e d to e arth gl o ryi n g in t he w o rk o f c rea t i o n .

Bu t by so m e d o l o ro u s m i sch an c e t he m aid e n S o phi a b e c am e

e n tan gl e d in t he v e ry m att e r she had h e lp e d t o b ri n g i n t o

be i n g
. Fi n di n g h e rsel f u nable to re gai n he r h e ave n ly
e s t at e a n d h avi n g n o re s t e ith e r ab o v e o r b e l o w t he e a rt h
, ,

s he c ri e d o u t in l am e n t a ti o n t o he r G re at M o th e r w ho , ,

pityi n g he r daughter s di stre ss i n vo k e d t he aid o f t he

’

Cre ato r Wh e re upo n Eu so ph t he G re at Light se n t Ch ri s t

.
,
.

his So n w ho e man at e d an d d e sc e n de d t o H is o w n

H e re we agai n m e e t with t he co nju n c tIO n o f a b ro th e r a n d

s i st e r which is o n e o f t he c o n spic u o u s e l e m e n t s o f t he I S IS
,

a n d OS IR IS m yth an d l ik e wi se o f The Son o Solomon

, g f .

The c o n c e pti o n o f SOP H IA fal li n g aw ay f ro m he r h e ave n ly ,

e stat e is so m e e xpl an ati o n o f t he S hula m it e s s e lf-re p ro ach

’ ’

1
v .
4, 6
.
2
Th e Wedding S o ng f Wisdo m
o .

3
Pro ve rb s ix . 1
.

1
The Wedding S ong f
o W isdo m .
17 6 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
Mi n e o w n vi n e yard have 1 n o t k e pt an d thi s l am e n t .

is s till f u rth e r e l u cidate d by a re fe r e n c e t o t he l e ge n d o f a

d e sc e n t i n to t he u n de r-world by I S HT A R— t he Assyri an
e q u ival e n t o f I S IS It is re l ate d th at I S HTA R t he daughte r
.
,

o f S IN t he G o d o f L ight s t oo p e d f ro m her h eav e n ly e s ta te

, ,

a n d d e sc e n d e d i n to t he l an d o f dark n e ss wh e re th e y “

be h o ld n o t t he light b u t d u s t is th e ir bre ad an d m ud th e i r
,

fo o d . O n d rawi n g n igh t he ga te s o f t h i s di s mal l an d ,

I S HTA R sp ak e : H o p o rt e r ! O p e n thy gate ! O pe n thy

“
,

gate th at I m ay e n t e r in T he p o rt e r re po rt s he r p re se n c e
t o A LLA TU t he Q u e e n o f t he u n d e r-wo rld w ho
,
th o u gh , ,

ragi n g with h a tr e d at he r u n w e l c o m e vi s ito r g ran t s he r ,

e n t ry o n t he c o n diti o n th a t at e ach o f t he se ve n gat e way s

t o t he i n f e rn al ki n gd o m I S HTA R s h all r e li n q u i s h so m e

p o rti o n o f he r q ue e n ly appare l At e ach gat e s he is acc o rd .

in gly st ripp e d o f a garm e n t an d in du e c o u rse is u sh e re d i n to

,

t he p re s e n c e o f A lla t u n u d e an d with o u t p o we r Wh e re .

u po n t he ragi n g A LLA T U s t ru ck I S HTA R with all m an n e r

“
of blight s a n d di se ase s ; b ut c o n ti n u e s the l e ge n d , ,

I S HTA R w as n o t l e ft fo r e ve r in t he cl u tch e s o f A LLA T U .

”

T he n e w s o f he r di st re ssf ul c o n diti o n wa s c o n ve ye d t o he r
p are n t s S IN an d EA w ho th e re u p o n c re ate d a re sc u e r n am e d
,

U D DU S H U N A MIR a w o rd s ign ifyi n g “

h is light s hi n e s 3 ”
-
.
,

I S HT A R is re v iv ifie d by be i n g sp ri n kl e d with t he Wate rs o f

L ife an d o n b e i n g e scort e d back t o t he u pp e r—wo rld has at
, ,

e ach o f t he se v e n ga t e s res t o re d t o he r t he vari o u s pi e c e s

,

o f appare l o f which p re vi o u sly s he had b e e n d e p rive d .

The h e ro i n e o f The Song of Solomon is m e n ti o n e d as t he

o p e n e r o f t he d o o r an d t he c ri e r ab o u t the city : Wi s d o m

is d e s c rib e d a s se c re tly se tti n g t he gat e s o f t he City aj ar

a n d it is sa id S he c ri e th a t t he ga t e s a t t he e n t ry o f t he
, ,

1
S ong o f S o l o mon i . 6 .

2
B a by lo n ia n R elig io n , L W n g, 17 9
. . Ki p . .

3
Th e R el igion of B a by l on ia a n d A ssy ria , M . J a s tro w ,
jr
.
, p . 14 2 .
 T HE FAI R SHU LAM ITE 17 7

city at t he c o m i n g in at t he do o rs U n t o yo u O m e n I
, .
, ,

call ; an d m y vo ic e is t o t he so n s o f m an O n e o f t he .

titl e s o f I S IS was The O p e n e r o f t he W ays I S HT A R w a s .

t he k n o cke r at t he d o o r a n d th re a te n e d t he p o rt e r o f t he ,
“
u n d e r wo rld - I will sm ite t he do o r I will sh atte r t he ,

bo lt I will sm it e t he th re s h o ld a n d t ear d o w n t he d o o rs I
, ,

will ra i se u p t he d e ad .

“
I ht ar t h Go dd s o f Mo i g am I
s
,
e e s rn n ,

I shtar t he Go dde ss f Ev e in g a m I
,
o n
,

(I m ) I
a sht a r t
p t h l k f h a ,
b l g t m
o o en
y p m y e oc o e v en e on s o su re ac .

Bu t t o a pp re ci at e The Song of Solomon in t he fu l ne ss o f

it s sym b o li sm o n e m u s t c o n s u lt n o t o n ly m yth o l o gy an d
philo l o gy b u t also fai ry-tale s which in m a n y c ase s are
, , , ,

myth o l o gy s til l livi n g .

L ik e m o s t a n ci e n t l ite ratu re The Song of Solomon an d ,

ma n y o th e r b o o ks n o w c o n ta i n e d withi n o u r Bibl e ci rc u l at e d
o rigi n ally by w o rd o f m o u th T he sacre d Pop ul V ah o f t he .

M ayas t he Rig V eda o f t he H in do o s t he Z enda V esta o f t he

,
- '

,
-

Pe rsi an s a n d t he p o p u lar Ka lev a la o f t he Fi n n s are c o lle c

, ,

ti o n s o f le ge n d s a n d traditi o n s m o st o f which w e re h an d e d ,

d o w n fro m m o u th t o m o u th C i rcu lati n g th u s fo r u n to ld ,

ce n t u ri e s b e fo re th e y w e re fo rm al i se d an d c o m m itt e d t o
e t In g I t is s tartli n g t o fin d th at so m e o f t he cl ass ic
.

myth s th a t o n e asso ci ate s with Gree c e an d R o m e h av e th e i r

c o u n t e rpart s— m o difie d m e re ly t o t he di ffe re n ce o f c u st o m
a n d e n vi ro n m e n t— a m o n g savage a n d u n d e ve l o p e d rac e s

s u ch a s t he M ao ri s a n d Z u l u s p e o pl e s w ho so far as is , ,

k n o w n h ave n e ve r p o sse s se d a n y sy s te m o f w riti n g L ittl e

, .

o r n o di s ti n cti o n c a n b e d raw n b e tw ee n cl ass ic Myth a n d

po p u lar Fai ry—tal e : m yth w as o bvio u sly o n c e Fai ry tale -

,

1
P v b viii 3 4
ro er s .
, .

C W Ki g p
‘
1
B by l i a R lig i on a n 8 e on , . . n , . 1 0.
3
Fro m a h ym n to Is h ta r q uo t e d in Th e Re lig i o n f
o B a by l o n ia a nd

A ssy ria , M . J as t ro w , jr , . p .
3 11 .
 17 8 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL ISM
an d wh at is o fte n s u pp o se d to b e m e re Fai ry-t ale p ro ve s in
m an y i n s tan c e s t o b e u n s u sp e ct e d Th e o l o gy .

The re is a n I n di an st o ry k n o w n as The D escent of the Sun ,

w hich as it s titl e sh o w s is a S o l ar m yth L ite rally t ran s

, ,
.

l at e d it sh o u ld b e c all e d The G lory of the G oing D aw n of the

,

Sun b u t thi s says it s t ran sl a t o r is o n ly t he e x o te ric phy s ic al

,
1
, ,

e m e lo e o f a n i n n e r m y stic al m e a n i n g which is The D iv ine

’

p
r
,

L ustre of the D escent ( Inca rna tion) of Him w ho took Three Step s ,

i e V IS H N U o r t he S u n t he l at e r K R IS H N A o r H in dob
. .
,

APOLLO Th e se Th re e Ste p s o f t he S u n i n dicat e n o t his

.

Ri s e Z e n ith an d S e tti n g b u t a so m e wh at i n ve rte d cyc le

, , , ,

i e H is G o i n g D o w n H is P e ri o d o f Dark n e s s a n d H is
. .
, ,

Ri si n g Agai n To p ri m itive ma n th e se m ys tical th re e st e p s

.

s u m m ar i s e d a n d sy m b o li se d t he m y st e ry o f bi rth an d d ea th ,

lux ex teneb ris a d az z li n g light In m o st p ro fo u n d d ark ne s s

, ,

a h e ave n ly b o dy d o o m e d t o
p u t o n m o rt ality an d s u f f er

fo r a p e ri o d in thi s l o w e r w o rld o f d ark n e ss bi rth a n d , ,

d e at h Mr Bai n p re l u de s his t ran slati o n

. with a q u o tati o n
fro m S an sc rit A n d in a d re am I saw a l o t u s fall e n fro m
H e av e n a n d t he n am e o f his h e ro i n e t he Go dde s s S H R I
,
”

, ,

m e ans n o t o n ly S ac re d Lo t u s b u t al so Lu st re T he ,
.

de sc e n t o f I S HTA R is a vers i o n o f th at fall e n Lo t u s an d t he ,

S o ng o f S o l o m o n is a l o ve d u e t b e twe e n a lily a m o n g th o rn s
a n d SOLO MON t he S u n The H e ro o f The D escent of the Sun .

is n a m e d KA MA LA MIT RA which m e an s t he Lo ve r o f t he ,

Lo t u s i e t he S u n ; M IT RA is M IT H RA a n d m e an s Su n
,
. .
,

light T he s t o ry ru n s th at o n c e up o n a ti m e o n t he
.

sl o p e s o f Hi m al aya th e re live d a y o u n g Ki n g o f t he
Spi rit s o f t he A ir n a m e d KA MA LA MIT RA “
fo r he was a ,

p o rt i o n o f t he S u n Th e Lo rd o f C re at u re s b e s to w e d
.
” 2

upo n KA MA LA MIT RA a wife o f b e au ty so s u rp assi n g th at

KA MA LA MIT RA gre w b o as tfu l w h e re u p o n t he tw o l o ve rs ,

1
Ih e D esc en t of th e S u n A Cy c l e f
o B ir th t r a n s la t e d f r o m t h e Orig in a l
MS .
, by F . W . Ba i n .
2
P 3 . .
 THE FAI R SHU LAMITE 17
9

we re se parate d by t he G o d s an d doo m e d t o a p e ri o d o f
pilgri mage o ve r t he t errifyi n g s e a o f m o rtality T he t al e .

th e n u n fo lds th e i r m i sadve n t u re s co n cl udi n g with a fi n al ,

re u n i o n a n d a p o th e o si s .

Th e re is a B abylo n ic l e ge n d th at Ki n g S A RG ON t he
Firs t was se t adrift o n t he E U P H RA T ES in a ru sh bas k e t .

He was re sc u e d by a ga rde n e r w ho b ro ugh t h im u p as , .

his o w n so n an d whil e still a gard e n e r t he G o dd e ss I S HT A R

,

fe ll in l o ve with him an d e ve n t ually m ade him ru l e r o f

,
1
t he Ki n gd o m .

Th e re is a Tal m u dic le ge n d th at Ki n g SOLO MON w a s

o n c e ro bb e d o f his m agic ri n g wh e re u p o n he ass u m e d t he ,

h um bl e rOle o f a sc ulli o n in t he kitch e n o f t he Ki n g o f t he

A mm o n ite s a n d e ve nt ually be c am e t he lo v e r o f t he Ki n g s
,
’

daughte r Varian t s o f the se S o lar st o ri e s— o f whic h t he

.
2

last is take n f ro m Mi ss M i ri am Ro alfe C o x s co ll ecti o n o f ’

C IN D ERELLA varian t s— fo rm t he fo u n datio n o f n e arly h al f

t he w o rld s fa i ry t al e s t he o th e r h alf m ay b e sa id t o c o n s i s t
’
-

o f th e i r c o u nt e rp art i e t he adv e n t u re s o f t he littl e gi rl w ho

, . .

is t e m p o rarily ab u se d an d i ll t re at e d b u t e ve n t u ally m arri e s-

,

t he p ri n c e The Song of Solomon is n o t o n ly a b ridge li n k

.

in g th e o lo gy t o fo lk l o re b u t it c o n t ai n s se v e ral fin ge r p o st s
-
,
-

p o i n ti n g de fi n it e ly to t he sto ry k n o wn n o wadays as C IN D ER
ELLA . The e l e m e n ts o f thi s p re hi s t o ric a n d u n iv e rsal fai ry
tale are p re se n t in t he l e ge n d o f IS H TA R S d e sc e n t i n to t he ’

u n d e r w o rld
- I S HTA R de p rive d o f he r b ea u tifu l ro be s plays
.
, ,

t he rOle o f C IN D ER ELL A A LLA T U is t he c r u e l s t e p m o th e r an d ,

U D DU S H U N A MIR play s t he p ri n c e
- In Egypt I S IS b u rd e n e d .
, ,

l o n g s u fle rin g an d lam e n ti n g pl aye d C IN D ER ELLA a n d

’

-
, , ,

OS IR IS w as t he be au ti fu l p ri n c e o f go dlike fac e In t he .
”
3

G re e k sto ry o f C U P ID an d PSYC HE V EN US j e al o u s a n d , ,

1
B a by l o n ia n R elig io n , Ki ng, p . 19 9 .

2
Cin der e l la , M R C o . . x p , .
52 1 .

3
B u r den of Isis , 48 p . .
180 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL ISM
vi n dictive pl ay s t he s te p m o th e r C U P ID with his h a i rs o f
, ,

go ld t hat yi e ld e d o u t a swe e t savo u r his n e ck m ore white

'
,

th an m ilk his hair hanging c o m e ly b e hi n d an d b efo re t he

, ,

b right n e ss wh e re o f did darke n t he light o f t he l am p plays ,

” 1

t he p ri n c e a n d PSYC HE— o f s u ch p assi n g bea u ty an d

m aid e n ly m aj e sty th at n o e arthly c re at u re c o u ld by a n y
m e a n s s u flic ie n tly C xp re ss— is C IN D ER ELLA T he t as k o f .

se p ara ti n g g ra i n i m p o se d u p o n PSYC H E a n d p e rfo rm e d fo r

he r by an t s is identica lly t he t ask i m p o s e d acc o rdi n g t o o n e ,

ve rs i o n u p o n C ENDR ILLO T
,
2
PSY C HE S t wo e n vi o u s a n d
.
’

s pit e fu l s i s t e rs— n a u ghty h ags arm e d with wick e d m i n d s

J1

— are t he t w o ro u d s i s t e rs o f t he fai ry t al e C P ID s un
p U - .
,

lik e an d SOLO MON —like slip s th ro ugh t he small e st c rack o f

,
”
t he wi n d o w ,
a n d aw ak e n s PSYC H E with t he light t o u ch o f

a g o ld e n arro w .

T he p ri n cip al p o i n t o f c o n tact b e twe e n t he h e ro in e o f

The Song of Solomon a n d t he h e ro i n e o f o u r n u rse ry sto ry is
t he c ry s tal slipp e r ,
H o w b e au tifu l are thy fe e t with s h o e s ,

O p ri n c e s dau ghte r I Ye t thi s sa me gl o ri o u s p ri n c e ss is

’
1
‘

d e s c rib e d by t he p o e t as s m itte n w o u n d e d a n d de spi se d , ,

.

He r m o th e r s child re n e p ro u d S i s te rs w e re a n gry
”

( )
’
“
t h
with he r c o m p e lli n g her t o p e rfo rm u n wo rthy task s ye t
, ,

e v e n t u ally he r b e l o v e d p ri n c e b ri n gs he r t o t he b an q u e ti n g
h o u se ( t he bal l) an d t he ba n n e r o f Lo ve wave s o ve r he r
,
.

No o n e k n o w s wh e re o r wh e n t he st o ry o f Ci n d e re ll a
o rigi n a t e d . It is a h o u se h o ld tal e in E u ro p e Asi a Africa , , ,

a n d A m e ric a a n d is as fam ili ar t o u n civili se d a s t o civili se d

;

n a ti o n s
. U n de r t he au spic e s o f t he F o lk Lo re S o ci e ty -
,

v ri a n t s c o ll e ct e d fro m all p art s o f t he w o rld h ave b e e n

3 5
4 a

p u bli s he d in b o o k fo rm t he e dit o r re m arki n g th at t he

,

n u m b e r m ight h a ve b e e n i n d e fi n it e ly i n cr ease d ha d n o t t he

1
A d lin g to n
’
s l i
t ra n s a t o n fro m A pli u e us .

2
Cin de rell a , p .
4 55 .

3
Ag e a f Fa ble , B ulfi n c h .
1
vi 1 . 1 .
 THE FAI R SHU LAMITE
So cie ty c o n cl u de d th at it w as n e c e ssary to m ake an arbit ra ry
s to p t o t he app a re n tly u n e n di n g l a b o u r o f c o ll e cti n g
1
.

The f ram e wo rk o f t he tal e is th at C IND ERELL A t he ,

daught e r o f a st ar-c ro w n e d ki n g o r q u e e n fl e e s fro m he r ,

p ri n c e ly h o m e in o rde r to e scap e a di stas te fu l m arri age .

S he take s se rvic e as a go o se gi rl a sc u lli o n o r in so m e -

, ,

o th e r e q u al ly m e an c ap acity a n d b e wild e rs t he n e ighb o u rs

,

by app ea ri n g at ch urch o r at t he fam o u s ball in a su cce ssi o n

, ,

o f w o n de r— awaki n g d re sse s T he e xt rao rdi n ary ch aract e r o f

.

C IN D ER ELLA S c hahging ro be s f u rn i sh e s n o t o nly t he cl ue t o

’

t he all e go ric s ig n ific an c e o f C IN DER ELL A h e rs e lf b u t al s o ,

th ro ws u n exp e ct e d light u p o n The Song of Solomon ,

.

The va ri e d garm e n ts as s u m e d seria tim by t he e l u sive

C IN D ERELLA are de scribe d in e xplicit de tail O n e is sa id t o .

h ave be e n wo ve n o f t he s tar s o f h eave n

“
ano th e r o f

m o o n b e am s ; an o th e r o f s u n b e am s ; a n o th e r w as “
a p e a rl
”
dress with o u t slit o r se am ; an o th e r w as like t he sea “

with fi sh e s swi mm i n g in it a n o th e r w as m ad e o f all t he

a no th e r was
“
fl o we rs o f t he wo rld c o ve re d with little
go lde n b e ll s an d ch ai n s o f go ld a n o th e r w as
j e t bl ack ;
’

a no th e r w as lik e t he light S o me ti m e s th e se ast o n i shi n g

.

ve st m e n t s are hidde n o n e u n de r t he o th e r b e n e ath CIN D ER

ELLA s assu me d cl o a k o f as s ski n c at —s ki n m o use s ki n o r
’
- -
, , ,

l o u se —s ki n an d o ccasi o n ally t he littl e sc ulli o n e m e rge s a s

'

a b e au tif u l gi rl n a ke d an d s hi n i n g l i k e t he S u n
“ .
.
,

In se ve ral parts o f E u ro p e t he s to ry o f Ci n d e re ll a is
k n o w n as T he B ro th e r an d Si s te r an d t he h e ro i n e s
“
,
’

adve n t u re s ari se fro m he r re f u sal t o e n t e rt ai n he r b ro th e r s

’

p ro p o sal s She fli e s e xclai m i n g

.
,

Op th Op n w ide
e n e ar e

Fo r to
’
b e a b ro t he r s b ride
Is an l
a w fu sin
” 2
.

1 li v i v i i p
Our En g s h n u rse ry e rs o n is a e rs o n m o rte d fro m Fra n c e to w a rd s
v
t h e e n d o f t he s e e n t e e n t h c e n t u ry ; t h e l
e ss k n o w n b ut m o re r m it e p i iv
l
Eng ish s to ry is k n o wn a s
“ ’
Ca p 0 Rus h e s ” 2
Cin derel la ,
.
428 p . .

V OL . I
.
I3
 18 2 TH E LO ST L AN GUAGE O F SYMB OL ISM
I S IS w as t he S i s te r of O siri s t he Shulm a n it e w as t he s i st e r
o f So l o m o n a n d in P ro ve rb s it re ad s Say u n to Wi s d o m
, ,

t ho u art my S i s te r .
” 1

F ro m ti m e i mm e mo ri al an d by ge n e ral c o n ve n ti o n Tru th ,

ha s b e e n re p re se n t e d as a n ak e d girl In t he p ri n te r s m ark
’
.

h e re with Ti m e is se e n h e lpi n g T ru th o ut o f a c ave t he ,

m o tto re adi n g T ru th b ri n gs hidde n thi ng s t o light ”

The .

Sc an di n avi an ve rsi o n o f Ci n d e rel l a k n o w n as T he Pri n c e ss

,

in t he Cave ,
re l a t e s th at w a r h avi n g brok e n o u t t he Ki n g ,

se c re t e d his d a u ght e r in a c av e rn . Wi th he r we re b u ri e d
sev en m aid e n s an d s u f fi ci e n t p ro vi s io n s fo r se ve n ye ars T he .

p ri n c e ss wo rks withi n the cave at go lde n e m b ro ide ry an d ,

w a it s in p ati e n t e xp e ctati o n o f re l ease At t he e n d o f se ve n

.

ye ar s S he sc rap e s a h o le with he r k n ife in t he cavern ro o f a n d ,

aft e r w o rki n g fo r th re e d ay s s u cc e e d s in e f
,
fe cti n g he r e sc ap e .

N e xt t o a cave t he se co n d m o st c o n ve n ti o n al l o cati o n fo r
‘

Tru th is t he b o tto m o f a we ll an d in t he Po rt u gu e se an d
,

Sicili an ve rs i o n s o f C IN DERELLA t he h e ro i ne is th e re p lac e d .

1
4
V II. . Ci d
n e re ll pp 17 3 37 7 4 7
a, .
, , 0 .
 THE FAI R SHU LAMITE
A Fi s h at t he bo tto m o f t he we ll c o n d u cts he r to a palac e
o f g o ld a n d p re ci o us s t o n es wh e re s he do n s he r go ld e n ,

sh o e s
1
A s t o ld in S IC ILY she n o tic e s at t he b o tt o m o f a
‘

,
.

we ll a h o l e wh e n c e light s hi n e s an d o n rai si n g t he c o rn e r ,

s t o ne is ad m itt e d i n to a gard e n b e au tif u l with fl o w e rs an d

fruit Whil e hidi n g in he r we ll she is p e rc e ive d by a

.
,

p ri n ce who fall s sick o f l o ve an d wh o se case b e c o m e s s o

, ,

de sp e rate that phy s ician s ca n n ot c u re him an d all h o p e s

2
,

o f re c o v e ry a re giv e n u Thi s p ar l o u s co n diti o n o f t he

p .

l o ve r is an e sse n ti al e le m e n t o f t he C IN DERELLA cycl e It is .

par alle l e d in t he S o n g o f So lo mo n by t he passage Stay m e

with flago n s co mfo rt m e with appl e s fo r I a m sick of lov e
,
3
,
.
”

In D e n m ark C INDERELLA is e n titl e d The King s D a ughter

’

in the Mound a n d in J u tl an d The Princesi in the Mound

,
.
4

The e arli e s t “ Mi stre ss o f t he Mou n tai n t he divi n e Lady ”

o f t he M o u n d w as NU T t he m o th e r o f I S IS t he C o w o r
5 ”

, , ,
‘

M o th e r o f h eave n t he Give r o f liqu id life ,

.

In J u tla n d C IN DERELLA is k n o w n as The Princess on the

Isla nd a n d fo r sev en y e ar s s he live s o n a di s tan t I slan d
,

acco m p a n i e d by sev en m aids Thi s is dou btle ss th at .

‘

Fo rt u n a te I sle t he I slan d o f Et e rnal Life w hich li e s in t he

,
.
,

ve ry m id st o f t he o ce a n an d figu re s pro m i n e n t ly in all m y

th e o lo gi e s I t is t he sam e my stic i slan d wh e r e R e aso n
.

ru le s n o t F a n t as y Re aso n an swe ri n g to Wi s do m an d
'

Fan tasy to he r a n tith e si s Dam e F o ll y , .

T his I slan d h a t h t he n a me of Fo rt un at e ,
A n d as t he y t e ll is go v e rn e d b y a Q ue e n ,
V V ell-sp o k e n an d disc re et an d t he re w it hal
So b e aut iful t hat w it h o n e sin gle b e am
O f he r gre at b ea u ty all t he c o un t ry ro u n d
Is re n de re d shi n in g 6
”
.

’
1
Cin derel la , p 34 1 . .

3
xi 5. .
1
Cin dere lla ,
‘
pp . 267 , 2 88 .

5
S ig ns Sy mbo ls of a nd Primordia l Ma n , p . 12 3 .

5
Cf A New Lig h t on t he Rena issa nce ,
. B yla e y, p . 161 .
184 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL ISM
In . a Sl av ve rsi o n o f Ci n d e re ll a s he
hi n e s lik e t he s u n so s ,

th at n e ar her o n e ca n se e by n ight a s we ll as by daylight ; 1

a n d i n a Sc an di n avi a n v ari a n t C IN D ER ELL A is d e sc rib e d as

’

so m e thi n g lik e t he l o n g b ea m o f a S h o o ti n g s t ar th ro u gh

d e n s e m i st .

T he h e ro i ne as a p e rso n ific ati o n o f T ru th is e ve n m o re

, ,

u n m i s ta kabl e in t he m al e c o u n t e rp ar t t o t he Ci n de re lla
s to ri e s i e t h e cycl e o f t al e s wh e re t he rdle s a re re v e rse d a nd
,
. .

t he all gl o ri o u s p ri n c e ss is w o o e d a n d w o n by a littl e
-

kitch e n b o y o r h e rd b o y S e ve ral o f th e se m asc uli n e

- -
.

vari a n ts o f Ci n de re ll a are i n cl u de d in M i ss Co x s co lle c ’

ti o n a n d acc o rdi n g t o o ne o f th e m t he Ki n g de p o sits

,

his p re ci o u s p ri n c e s s o n t he su m m it o f a c ry s ta l m o u n tai n
p ro clai m ing th at wh o e ve r s ucc e e d s in sc ali n g it s slipp e ry
S ide s shall have he r in m arriage T he H e ro a s bla ck a s .
,

a sw e e p a n d alw ay s by t he s t o v e wi n s he r by ridi n g u p ,
‘
t he s t e e p s id e s o n a littl e o x T h i s m agic o x fig u re s in .
t

fai ry t al e v e ry fre q u e n tly an d is o fte n app are n tly t he

-

sy m b o l o f t o il a n d l ab o u r M uch i n c rease is by t he
s t re n gth o f t he o x .

Th e re is a tal e to ld a m o ng SLA v h e rdsm e n a n d p e asan t s

o f A Ma id w ith Ha ir o G old Thi s P ri n c e s s is t he d au ght e r
f .

o f a Ki n g wh o se c ry s t al p al ac e is b u ilt u p o n a n i sl an d She .

s it s acc o m p an i e d by tw e lv e m aid e n s a t a ro u n d tabl e — a

t abl e which m ay b e e q uate d with t he Ro u n d Tabl e o f Ki ng

A rth u r a n d his tw e lve K n ights The go lde n lig ht fro m t he .

p ri n c e ss s h ai r is re fl e cte d o n t he se a a n d s k y e ve ry m o rn i n g
’

as s he c o m b s it T he h e ro s n am e Is G EO R G E a n d thi s
’
.
,

G EO R G E is e vide n tly a re lati o n o f t he St G e o rge o f

C hri sti an i ty O n t he acc o m pli s h m e n t o f his i m p o se d task s
.

—o n e o f which is t he c o ll e cti o n o f t he sc atte re d an d l o s t

p earl s o f t he p ri n c e ss s b ro ke n n e ckl ac e; an d an o th e r t he
’

Ib id p 8 Ibid p 4 5 .
,
. 22 .
3
.
,
. 2
.

Ibid p 44 7
1
.
,
.P v b xiv 4
.
5
ro er s . .
 THE FAI R SHU LAMITE
r e co ve ri n g o f he r l o st ri ng f ro m t he bo tt o m o f t he se a
’

G EO R G E c o me s fac e to fac e wi t h t he m aid e n Wh e re u po n .

she aro se fro m he r se a t an d l o o se n i n g he r head d re ss

‘
-

e xp o se d t o f u ll vi e w t he s pl e n d o u r o f he r w o n d e rf u l h a i r ,

which had t he app e ara n c e o f a w at e rfall o f go ld e n rays a n d

c ov e re d he r fro m h e a d t o fo o t T he gl o ri o u s light th a t .

glitte re d fro m it daz z l e d t he h e ro s e ye s an d he i m m e di ate ly ’

fe ll in l o ve with he r T he all e go ric al ch aracte r o f thi s st o ry

.

is re n de re d e vide n t by its c o n cl u s i o n G EO RG E is u n happily .

l i b u t is re sto re d agai n t o li fe by t he p ri n c e ss who

s a n, ,

p o u rs u p o n him t he Wate r o f L ife “

Ah m e said .
.
,

G EO R G E ru bbi n g his e ye s “
ho w w e ll I h ave sl e pt !
,
“
Ye s ,
an sw e re d t he pri n c e s s no o ne c o u ld
h ave sl e pt b e tte r b u t with o u t m e yo u wo ul d h ave sl e pt
,
1 ”
thr o ugh e t e rn ity .

In t he T e m pl e o f LU XO R t he C re ato r is d e picte d as
m o d e lli n g tw o figu re s— a b o dy an d a so u l : I S IS is an i m a
ti n g th e m with l ife say s I S IS
.
2 “
i n fl am e t he h e art s o f , .

h u n dre ds o f th o u san ds ” 3
In The Song of Solomon t he
.

i l i p
‘

1
F iy T l
a r
f th
a es o S l P t
e d
avH d m E m J
ea sa n s a n
y H d g 8
er7 s en , . ar n , . .

2
A G id t th A tiq iti
u e o e f Upp Egyp t A E P W ig ll p 7 5
n u es o er , . . . e a ,
. .

f I i p 37
3
B d
ur en o s s, . .
 186 THE L O ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMBO LIS M

h e ro i n e c au se s the lip s o f th o se th at are a sleep t o s p eak .

” 1

Si m ilarly Ci n de re lla a w a kens t he h o u se h o ld by he r si n gi n g .

T he se rva n ts c o mpl ai n o f b e i n g k e pt awa k e b u t t he yo u n g ,

m as te r th ro w s aw ay his I za bitua l slee in

p g dra u ht
g h a s t e n s ,
" 2
t o C IN D ER ELL A an d e xcl a i m s I h e ar yo u I h e ar yo u
“
, ,

O n e m ay also c o m p are t he i n vitati o n o f Wi sd o m “

Co m e , ,

e at o f m b re ad an d d ri n k o f t he wi n e th a t I h ave m i n gl e d
y ,

fo rsa ke t he fo o l i sh a n d live .

“
A ll n ight l o n g e xh o rt s ZO R O A S T ER
,
“
add re ss t he ,

h e ave n ly Wi sdo m all n ight l o n g call fo r t he Wi sdo m th at

”
will k e e p th e e awake .
4

Th e re is a SLAV fai ry-tal e e n title d T/ze Sp irit of the

Stepp es I t re late s to a p ri n c e ss wh o se bro w w as cal m an d
.
5

p u re as t he M o o n wh o se lip s we re re d as a ro se bu d an d
,

wh o se vo ic e w as so e loq ue n t that it so u n de d like a s h o we r

o f p e a rl s Bu t w o n d e rf ul b e yo n d co m p ar e w as t he e x
.

pre ss ive be au ty o f he r e ye s If S he lo o ke d at yo u ki n dly ..

o u s e e m e d to fl o a t in a se a o f o if an grily it m ad e
y jy y ou ,

n u m b with fe ar a n d o u w e re i n s tan tl y t rans fo rm e d i n to

y
a bl o ck o f ic e Thi s p ri n ce ss wh o se n ame w as SU DO LISA
.
, ,

w a s wa it e d u p o n by tw elv e c o m p an i o n s w ho w e re al m o s t as
ch arm i n g a s th e ir m i stre ss M an y a pri n c e cam e fro m afar .

an d e n t e re d t he li s t s as a s u it o r b u t n o n e w as s u cc e ssf u l in ,

wi n n i n g he r l o v e It h app en e d th at t he eye o f KO ST EY an
.
,

i n fa mo u s o g re w ho live d u n de rgro u n d fe ll u p o n t he ,

b e a u tif u l I sla n d o f SU DO LISA wh e re b right as so man y stars , ,

s t o o d t he tw e lv e mai de n s a n d a m id s t th e m sl e e pi n g u po n
, ,

a c o uch o f swa n sd o w n la S U DO LISA h e rse lf l o v e ly as t he

y ,

daw n of Day KOST EY t he o gre cas t l o n gi n g e ye s at the

.
, ,

p ri n ce s s wh e re u p o n she su m mo n i n g he r arm y pu t h e rsel f

, , ,

at it s h e ad a n d le d he r s o ldi e r s aga i n s t him Bu t KOST EY .

1
viii .
9 .
2 3
Pro v e rb s ix .
56 .

4
S o l o mo n a nd S o lo zo u ie
u Litera t u re, Mo n c ure C o n wa y, p . 65
.

5
S la v T ales, pp . 187 —20 6 .
 THE FAI R SHU LAM ITE
b rea th e d u p o n t he So ldi e rs an d th e y fe ll do w n in a n
o v e rp o we ri n g sl e e p Th e n he st re tch e d o u t a b o n y h an d
.

t o s e i z e t he p ri n c e ss b u t she f ro z e him i n to i m p o t e n c e by
,

a gl a n c e . Th e n she re tire d i n t o he r p alac e an d S h u t he r

s e lf in . Wh e n t he pri n c e ss had d e p arte d KO ST EY c a me t o ,

life agai n an d at o n ce re co mm e n c e d his p u rs u it O n

'

re achi n g t he t o w n wh e re s he dw e l t he pu t al l t he in hab i ,

tan t s i n to a ch arm e d sl e e p an d laid t he same sp e l l u p o n

,

the twe lve m aids o f h o no u r F e ari n g the p o w e r o f .

S U DO LISA S e ye s he d ar e d n o t op e n ly a t tack he r b u t su r
’

, ,

ro u n di n g he r p al ac e with an i ro n w al l l e ft he r in ch arge o f ,

a m o n s tr o u s twe lv e —
‘
h eade d drago n Th e n he wait e d in .

h o p e s th at t he pri n ces s wo uld give in Day s passe d w e e k s .

,

gre w i n to m o n th s a n d stil l the ki n gdo m o f SU DO LISA lo o ke d

,

lik e o n e l arge b e dch ambe r T he p e o pl e s n o re d in t he .

s tre e t s ; t he b rav e arm y lyi n g in t he fi e ld s sl e pt s o u n dly ,

hidde n in t he lo n g grass u n de r t he s h ad o w o f n e ttl e w o rm ,

wo o d a n d thi s tl e — ru s t and d us t m arri n g t he b rightn e ss o f

,

th e i r arm s Am id thi s si l e n t re ign o f sl e e p t he p ri n ce ss

.
,

sad b u t e xp e ctan t al o n e ke pt wa tch Fixi n g he r e ye s o n .

,

th at po rti o n o f t he sk y wh e re t he Su n fi rst app ears ch asi n g

aw ay dark ne s s lik e a fl ight of bi rd s s he sa id ,

So ul o f t he l
w o r d, t ho u de e p fo u n t ain of li f e,

Eye o f all-po w e rful G o d,

V isi t m y p riso n , dark sc e n e o f sad st r if
e
,

Raise p m y so u fro m t he
u l so d

W it h ho p e t ha t m
y frie n d w ho m I pin e fo r and l ve
o
,

May c o me to my re sc u e sa
y, w he re do e s h e ro v e

In re s p o n se t he su n sho n e upo n a di s tan t lan d wh e re

,

Pri n ce J U N A K m o u n te d u po n a p o we rf ul ste e d an d cla d in

,

arm o u r o f go l d gath e re d his forc e s agai n st t he gi an t

,

KO STRY Th ric e he had dream t o f t he l o ve ly p ri n c e ss

.

i m pr iso n e d withi n he r sl ee pi n g p al ac e an d he w as in l o v e
,
1 88 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
with he r ve n with o u t h avi n g se e n h e r T he c o n clu sio n
e .

o f t he t al e m a b e t a ke n f ro m a n o th e r Sl av s t o ry which
y ,

re c o rd s t h at o n t he arrival o f t he P ri n c e R e de e m e r he ,

w as fill e d with b e wilde rm e n t fo r i n s te a d o f o n e p ri n c e ss

"

, ,

he p e rc e ive d twe lve all e q u ally be au tifu l b u t u n d e rs t o o d ,

o n l o o ki n g cl o se r th a t e l e ve n o f th e m w e re m e r e ly t he
m i rro re d re fl e cti o n s o f o ne so le p ri n c e ss “
1 h av e c o m e .
,

of m
“
sa id t he P ri n c e o w n f ree will t o re sc u e o u an d
y , y
re sto re yo u t o yo u r p are n ts If I s h o uld n o t s u cc ee d in .

savi n g ou sw e e t p ri n c e s s lif e will n o l o n ge r b e d e ar t o

y , ,

m e b u t I am f u ll o f h o p e an d I b e g yo u fir s t t o give m e
, ,

a d ra u ght o f t he St re n gth Givi n g Wat e r f ro m t he H e ro ic

-

W e ll . Eve n ts e n d h appily b u t be fo re be sto wi n g he r ,

h an d u p o n he r l o ve r t he P ri n c e ss as k s him s ix riddl e s, o f
,

which t he fifth is I e xi ste d be fo re t he c re ati o n o f ADA M

“
.

l am alw ay s ch an gi n g in su cc e ss i o n t he t wo c o l o u rs o f m y
d ress Tho u san ds o f ye ars h ave go n e by b u t I h ave
.
,

re m ain e d u nalte re d b o th in c o l o u r a n d fo rm With thi s .

c lai m c o m p are th a t p u t fo rw ard by Wi sdo m in t he

“

B o o k o f P ro v e rb s I was se t u p fro m e ve rlasti n g fro m

“
, ,

t he b e gi n n i n g o r e v e r t he e arth w as
,
Wh e n th e re we re .
.

no de pth s I w as bro u ght fo rth ; wh e n t h er e we re n o

,

fo u n tai n s a bo u n di n g with wa t e r B e fo re t he m o u n ta i n s .

we re se t tl e d b e fo re t he hi ll s was I b ro ught fo rth

, .
” 1

I t is pro ve rbi al th at the Spirit o f man is a can dl e o f

t he Lo rd an d it is clai m e d fo r Wi sdo m th a t t he L ight
2
,

which c o m e th fro m he r s h all n e ve r go o u t In so m e .

ve rsi o n s o f Ci n de re lla t he h e ro i n e is co n c e ale d fo r t he sake

,

o f he r saf e ty in a l arge s ilv e r c an dl e stick Thi s c an dl es tick .

is b o u ght by a pri n c e w ho is as to n i s h e d to fin d th at it
,

o p e n s an d c o n tai n s a lo ve ly gi rl In the acco m pan yi n g

8
.

de s ig n t he fig ure o f thi s V irgi n of Light co n stit u te s t he

can dle s tick .

1 viii 3— 5
. 2 2 . P v b xx 3
Ci d ll pp 98
ro e r s .
3
n ere a, . 1 , 2 10 .
 THE FAI R SHU LAM ITE
A n o th e r ve rsi o n o f Ci n de re lla re p re se n ts he r as be i n g
hidde n fo r t he sake o f safe ty withi n a go lde n ch e s t .

S e rv an ts s pyi n g th ro u gh t he keyh o le see t he i n co m parable

m aide n a n d de te rm i n i n g to se l l he r th e y h awk t he c ase
, , ,

a n d it s c o n t e n t s thro u gh o u t t he w o rld M an y are r e ady .

t o b u y t he attractive b o x b u t n o n e is willi n g t o m ak e a n
,

of fe r fo r t he gi rl an d t he se rvan ts th e re fo re th ro w he r
.

, , ,

i n to a bri ar bu sh - .
1

mo dio, fe d V t in candelwro

Wi sdo m ys S o lo mo n is glo ri o u s a n d n e ve r fade th

,
sa ,

away Yea s he is e as ily se e n o f the m th a t l o ve he r a n d

.
,

fo u n d o f s uch as se e k he r She p rev e n t e t h th e m th at

.

de s ire h e r in ma ki n g h e rse lf fi rst k n o w n u n to th e m .

Who so se e k e th he r early s h all have n o great t rava il fo r he ,

s h all fin d he r s itti n g at his d o o rs

2
A C o rsic an versi o n o f
C IN DERELLA re p re se n ts t he h e roi ne as b e i n g no la rger tha n
one s little fin er a n d so
’

g ti n y as h ard l y t o b e p e rc e ptibl e .

A p assi n g pri n c e h eari n g t he so u n d o f he r e xq u isite Singin g

”
vo ws he wi l l m arry t he u n k n o wn s i n ge r b ut Wh e n c e ,

com e s t he vo ice ? The answ e r is She is n o t di stan t , ,

Ci d 1
ll p 3 4
n ere a, W i d m f S l m vi
. 1 .
2
s o o o o on .
 190 THE LO ST L AN GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
" l
t he beau ti fu l maide n she is h e re at thy fe e t
,
Co m pare .

this di m i nu tive Ci n de re lla with t he p assage fro m a Ve dic

Te D eum q u o te d o n p age 138 “
The Spi rit dw e ll s e ve r a s
,

i n ward so ul a n inch in sta ture withi n m e n s h eart s

,
’
.
”

The fai ry-tale s th u s far q u o t e d are n o t p r o fe sse d l y

al l e go ri e s n o r are th e y t he p ro d u cti o n s of lit e rary artific e

,

the y are b ut ways ide st o ri e s fam ili ar to u n e d u cate d p eo pl e .

The all ego ric al th e o ry o f m yth o l o gy a n d fai ry-tal e has it ,

is c o n s id e re d b e e n fi nally d e m o li s h e d by t he di sc o ve ry
,

m ade by t he B ro th e rs G R IMM th at fai ry-tale s h ave n o t

de sc e n de d fro m t he e d u cate d to t he u n e d ucate d classe s ,

b u t v ice v ersa h ave e m anate d as it w ere fro m t he so il

, , ,

asc e n di ng fro m t he c o tt age t o t he castle fi nally be i n g ,

colle cte d fro m o ral t raditi o n s an d c rystalli se d by litté rat e u rs

i n to b o o k fo rm Mr An dre w La n g was o f t he o pi n i o n that
.

fai ry—sto ri e s are large ly re lic s o f savage ry an d barb ari s m ,

an d th at th e y b e ar se lf-e vid e n t t rac e s o f th e i r b e s ti al o rigi n .

T he e xi st e n c e o f barbaric e l e me n t s n e e d no t b e c o n te s t e d ,

b ut s ide by sid e with th e se th e re are u n q u e sti o n ably t rac e s

o f a p u r e a n d p ri m itive m yth o l o gy which m u st h av e c o m e

do wn t o u s by wo rd o f m o u th u n e dite d u n tam pe re d with , ,

an d u n s u s p e ct e d .

In man y c ase s t he n am e s o f t he dra ma tis p ersona sign ifi

can tl re v e al t he m e a n i n g s o f t he m yth s T h e fact th a t
y .

th e se n ame s vary in di ffe re n t l o cal iti e s se e ms to m e e n ti re ly

t o di sc re dit Mr Lan g s th eo ry th at myth wa s p ro bably
’

carri e d fro m c o u n try t o c o u n t ry by fe mal e c aptive s It .

will al so s till fu rth e r di scre dit Max M ull e r 3 di sease of“ ’

lan g uage th eo ry fo r as will b e see n t he chan ge d na m e s

, , ,

of t he characte rs are f re q u e n tly o f vital sign ifica n ce an d

r e ve al e xactly t he u n d e rlyi n g m ea n i n g o f t he fabl e .

1
Cin derel la , p 338
. . p
C o m a re W o rds wo rth
“
W sdom is o ftt me s n e are r w he n we
i i s to o p
”
Tha n w h e n w e so ar .
 THE FAIR SHU LAMITE
In B RA Z IL t y o f Ci n dere lla is k n o wn as D o n a
t he s o r
“

Lab is m in a Acc o rdi n g t o thi s ve rsi o n Lab ism in a is

.
” “ ”

t he n am e o f a sn a ke which w as coi le d r o u nd t he n e ck o f
t he h e ro i n e wh e n s he w as b o r n b u t s u b seq u e n t l y liv e s 1n ,

t he sea a n d play s t he p art O f fa iry go dm o th e r It is .

o bvi o u s th at t he n am e is a fo rm O f t he t e rm L fl hysme
’

The G rea t Abyss t he M o th e r S e rp e n t O f u n re veal e d

,

Wisd o m w ho dwe lt in t he p ri m e val an d u n fath o mabl e

,
“
T he G o dde ss HA rHO R - so m e ti m e s r e gard e d as
”
Oc e an '
.

ide n tical with In s an d at o th e r ti m e s as he r mo th er

app e ars say s Mr W e i all so me f e s as a se rp e n t an d
“
, g i m ,

so m e ti m e s s he is t he fairy god mo th e r Ve ry fre q ue n tl y ”

1
.

C IN DERELLA h e rse lf is n am e d M A R Y M A RA M A R IETTA , , ,

o r MA R IU C EL LA T he n am e M A RY is by s o m e write rs
‘

ide n tifi e d with M IRIA M mean i n g t he sad an d u n fo rt u n ate ,

o n e t he s tar o f t he se a a d ro p o f t he se a ;
2
o th e rs d e rive
“

, ,
“
it fro m M A RA t he N e re id wh o se n ame may e xpre ss t he ,

ph o spho ric flashi n g of t he s u rface Of t he sea j u s t as t he

n am e M A IRA e xp re sses t he s parkli n gs O f t he do g—star
S IR IUS ”
3
Am o n g t he Se rbs C IN DERELL A S n am e is n o t ’

‘
C IN D ER ELLA b u t M A RA ,
In CO R S ICA C IN DERELL A is n ame d .

MA R IUC ELLA an d he r mo the r— as did HA rHO R— ta ke s t he

,
5 '

fo rm o f a co w “
Tak e co m fo rt MA RIU C ELLA says t he
;
, ,
“ ”
1 a m y o u r m o th e r In S A R DIN IA C IN DER ELLA S
’
co w , .

n a m e is B A R B A R ELL A m a n ife stl y a d e riva ti ve f ro m B A R B ER O

,

an d BA RB ELO bo th o f which w e re G n o stic n am e s fo r

,

Th e i r de riva tio n says Mr M ead

“
W IS DO M .
“ “
is v e ry , ,

u n c e rtai n b u t B A R B A RA m e an s a fo re ig n e r o ne f ro m
, ,

a n o t he r c o u n try an d t he m e an i n g b e c o me s cl ear o n r e f e r
,

e n c e t o t he Descent o h
f e Sun wh e re i n the glitte ri ng an d
t ,

A G id t t h A t ig iti u f Upp Egyp t p 3

e o e n u es o er , . 2 .

2
Pra n o rn ia , R S C h a rn oc k . . .

3
G l s Christia n
ir
’
Na mes He le na S wa n
, .

4 5
Ibid , . p .
336 .

6
Wedding S o ng of Wisdo m .
192 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
“
l u stro u s S H R I says : I am a Ki n g s daughte r fro m a far ’

c o u n t ry . T he sam e id e a is like wi se e mph asi se d in a

Syri an ve rsi o n o f this so lar m yth wh ere i n t he Chi l d o f t he ,

S u n say s “
I had cl o th e d me as th e y we re th at th e y m ight ,

n o t g u e ss I had c o m e f ro m afar b u t f ro m so m e o cc as i o n ,

o r o th e r th e y l e a rn e d I w a s not o their countr

” 2
f y .

T he syll abl e s ELLA o cc u rri n g in MA R IU C ELLA B A R BA R ,

ELL A , a n d C IN D ER ELL A are t he G re e k Ele which m ean s , ,

S hi n e r o r give r o f light ELE is t he r o o t O f ELELEU S o n e .

,

O f t h e s u rn a m e s O f APO LLO a n d D ION YS O S I t is al so fo u n d 3

.

'

in ELEUT H ER t he So n O f APOLLO in H EL IO S t he S u n a n d in , ,

S EL EN E t he M o o n T he n am e o f J U NO LUC IN A . J U NO
in he r as p e ct o f Light -Give r w as ELEUT H O T he .

H ELL ES PON T take s it s n am e fro m H ELL E a m aid e n w ho ,

’
fle d fro m he r fath e r s h o u se t o e sc ap e t he o pp re ssi o n o f
he r m o th e r-in law b u t fe ll fro m a cl o u d i n t o t he sea a nd
-
,
‘
was d ro w n e d Thi s H ELL E m u st b e a re lative o f H EL IO S
.

the Su n an d he r d ro w n i n g is p ro bably a p o e tic acc o u n t o f

,

t he s u n S i n ki n g i n t o t he sea .

“
In Fi n lan d C IN D ERELLA is k n o w n as B eau tifu l
CLA RA . CLA RA is d e rive d fro m ela reo I shi ne a n d m e an s , ,

b right shi n i n g clear brilli an t t o t he s ight In BOLO G N A

, , ,
.

t he C a n dl e s tick C IND ERELLA is na me d Z Iz O LA

- e vid e n tly a

d e rivati o n fro m Z Iz A which was o n e O f t he app ellati o n s ,

O f I S IS
7
.

Acc o rdi n g to a J e wi sh vari an t C IN D ERELLA S n am e is ,

’

CA B HA a w o rd th at m e an s A ur o ra
,
8
A u ro ra d e rive d fro m .
,

a urum m e a n s t he go l d e n b e au ty O f t he m o rn i n g t he ro sy
, ,

fin ge re d Daw n .

D t f th S
es ce n p 87
o e un , . .

2
Hy m f t h R b f G l y G R S M d pp 8 9
n o e o e o or , . . . ea , . 1 -1 .

3
L mp i e e r re . Ibid .

5
Ci d ll
n p 533
ere a, Ibid p 98
. .
6
.
,
. I .

f th Middl A g S B i g G ld p 33
7
C i u x liy th
ur o s s o e e es , . ar n - ou ,
. 2 .

Ci d l l p 354
n ere a, . .
 THE FAI R SHU LAM ITE ~
'

I9 3

In J u tlan d C IN DERELLA is n ame d LUCY fro m lux light , , ,

o r luceo I giv e light

,
LUCY derive d fro m t he sam e radical
.
,

as LU N A t he M o o n an d LUC IFER t he L ight -B r i n g e r m ean s

, ,

a s hi n i n g chi l d b o r n at s u n ri se o r d ayb re ak
“
.

I t is th u s se e n th at t he p o p u lar n am e s O f C IN DERELLA
are as re c o n dite a n d s ig n ific a n t as t he cl ass ic w o rd PSYC H E

o f Gree k m yth PSYC HE w ho has m u ch in c o mm o n with

.
,

C IN DERELLA m e an s B reath o r S o u l a n d by al mo st ge n e ral

, ,

c o n se n t PSYC HE is re gard e d as sym b o l ic Of t he so ul spark

pri so n e d withi n t he m ate rial b o dy
To arrive at t he f ull me an i n g O f t he n ame Ci n d e re lla ,

o n e ma r e fe r t o a Hi n d o o s t o ry e n titl e d by it s E n gl i s h
y
t ra n slato r ( P ) A H ei er of the D a w n
,f
1
A h e ife r fig u re s .

fre q u e n tl y as t he fai ry go d mo the r t o C IN DERELLA an d so me ,

ti m e s t he little an i mal has go lde n ho rn s All swe e t ness .

,
”

”
say s t he Ri V e da s c o ll e ct e d in t he H e if e r
“
g
- i ,
t h e Re d ,

O n e o f t he Daw n an d t he w o rd H e ife r is st ill u se d in t he

,

O ri e n t t o si gn ify a wife o r Q u ee n The H e ife r with .

go lde n h o rn s is H A T HO R the give r O f liq u id l ife a n d t he

, ,

go lde n h o rn s are t he go lde n h o rn s o f t he n e w mo o n .

D IA N A app ears re peate dly with t he c re sc e n t so p o se d as t o

app ear lik e t he h o rn s Of a co w an d t he sam e arran ge m e n t ,

may b e see n in fig 2 85 ( a nte p .

,
The s t o ry c all e d A,
.

Heifer of the D a w n r e l ate s to a P ri n c e ss w ho ve i ls he r

ide n tity u n d er t he di sgu i se o f a h an d m aid and app e ars day
aft e r da t o a h eartbr o k e n a n d w o m an -h a ti n g Ki n g Thi s
y .

“
H e ife r Of t he D aw n p o sse sse s t he p ro te an e l u sive , ,

a n d c o n t radict o ry ch a ra ct e ri stic s O f Ci n d e r e lla an d O f t he fai r

Sh u lam it e Fi rst she appe ars cl o th e d in dark bl u e lik e a n

.

i n carn ati o n O f t he n ight O f n e w m o o n n e xt she re se mbl e s

t he sk y b e fo r e t he d aw n t o uch e d with t he fir s t s t reak o f

re d a n d re m ark s
,
0 Ki n g I am yo u n g ye t am 1Old e r th an, ,

th o u art .
”
Next she re se m ble s an i n carn ati o n o f t he sap Of
F W B i 1
. . a n.
194 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
t he t ree yo u th an d re marks th at he r nam e is MA DHU PA
of
”
MA N IA RI i e ,
. a cl u st e r o f bl o sso ms fo r t he h o n e y d ri n k e r s
.
,
.

Ne xt she see ms in t he Ki n g s e ye s like an i n carn ati o n O f t he

’

dew of t he m o rn i n g an d like an e m bl e m o f t he l o v e th at
was rising from its a shes in his ow n hea rt e m b o di e d in a
fe m i n i ne fo rm ; n ext a s an esse n ce i n carn ate d by t he will
,

O f t he Cr e a to r in a wh o l l y di f fe re n t yet e q u ally de lici o u s

form an d like t he e m bo di e d p eac e Of t he Ki ng s o w n m i n d
.
’
.

Ne xt she se e m s in t he Ki n g s e ye s lik e t he n e ctar o f ’

re c o n cili ati o n in fe m i n i n e fo rm a n d o n he r lip s th e re wa s a

s m il e th at sat l ike s u n light Fi nally s he se e ms like a
.
,

d ra ught O f t he n e ct ar o f l o ve l o n gi n g i n carn ate in a fe m i n i n e

fo rm The b e wilde re d an d e n rapt u re d Ki ng gro w n sick
.

O f l o ve e xcl ai m s th a t he n ee de d b u t t he t o u ch O f he r h an d

t o b u rs t i n t o a fl a m e Th e n she lo o ke d at him with m o ck

.

gravity an d said Th ese are sy m pto m s ve ry dange ro u s an d

al arm i ng t o t he phy s ici a n Thy case is p arlou s T he
”
. .

Ki n g says Th o u mays t like n m e to a fire w hich w a s a ll but

extinguished a n d c o u ld n o t b e re ki n dl e d A n d th e n it blaz e d .

f ro m it s as h e s with a p u re fl am e s u ch a s it had n e ve r
u
p
”
u t f o rth b e fo re H alf fright e n e d an d h al f l au ghi n g t he
p .
,

H e ife r Of t he D aw n e xclai m s A ry u pu t ra le t m e go H a st ,
.

th o u n o t g ues se d that I am t he Q u ee n S u b s e q u e n tl y
t he Ki n g re mark s Said I no t w e ll th at I was fire an d she
t he f u e l ? O r is it n o t rath e r I th at a m t he f u e l an d she
that is the fire fo r c ertai n ly she b u rn s m e like a fl am e
,
.
”

In CA T A LON IA C IN DERELLA is k n o w n as Th e Fi re
o n acc o u n t O f he r occ u p ati o n
”
Bl o we r ’
a n d In J U T L A N D ,

she is c al l e d Whippe r O f t he A sh e s to whip mean i n g to ,

”

s tir u o r p o ke It w o u ld th u s se e m th at C IN D ER ELL A t he
p .
,

bright an d s hi ni n g o n e w ho s it s am o n g t he C i n de rs an d
,

k ee p s t he fire alight is a p e rso n ificati o n o f t he H o ly Spi rit

,

dw e lli n g u n h o n o u re d am id t he sm o u l de ri n g as h e s o f t he
Ci d ll p 3 n e re a, . 11
.
 THE FAI R SHU LAM ITE I9 5

S o u l s late n t n e ve r to tally e xti n ct D ivi n ity

’

, , ,
a nd, by p ati e n t
t e nd i n g fan n i ng th e m i n to fl a m e
,
.

The bo ve b e l lo w s n o do u bt re pre se n t th o se O f t he
a

h eave n ly Fi re Bl o we r Fig 4 57 is di sti n gu i sh e d by t he

. .

c ro ss o f Lux an d thi s sig n mark s fig

,
. as a p re s e n t m e n t

o f t he M a id e n h e rse lf . In Fi n l a n d Ci n d e re lla is n am e d
T U N A which is a di mi n u tive o f KR IST U NA o r C HR IST IN A i e
, ,
. .

Ch ri s t p e rso n ifie d as a l it t le girl.

 Be a uty, Truth, and i
Rar ty,
G ra c e in al l s i m pli ity
c ,

He re l
e nc o se di i d
n c n e rs l ie .

S HA K E SPEARE .

H A V IN G e stabli s h e d t he p ro babi l ity th at C IN DERELLA co n

,

tai n s m an y trac e s o f o rigi n al a lle go ry it is pe rm issib le L

'

c o n side r thi s the o ry in cl o se r d e tai l an d t o i n q u i re i n to

,

t he m e a n i n g u n d e rlyi n g C IN DER ELLA S pro t e an ch a n g e s o f

’

ra i me n t
. He r su p e rn atu ral an d m ys tical d re sse s se e m
u n u e st 1o n ab l t o sy m bol i se t he awa k e n i n g gr w t h an d
q y o , ,

fi n al apo th e o si s o f Wis do m withi n t he m i n d .

T he A n ci e n ts c o n c e ive d a p ri m e val an d se lf e xi s te n t -

M o th e r Of all Wi sdo m w ho figu re s in Myth o l o gy as t he

,

Magna Ma ter t he Bona D ea t he All M o th e r o f t he G o d s

, ,
-

a n d in R o m an c e thi s p ri m al M o th e r app ears as t he fa i ry

Q ue e n o r fai ry Go d m o th e r .

The m o th er o f Ki n g SOLO MON Is m e n ti o n e d in t he

’

Can ticl e s a s havi ng c ro wn e d him o n t he day o f his

‘
e s p o u sa l s
. In S LA v l ege n d thi s Moth e r o f t he Su n is
de scrib e d so me ti m es as t he Se a i n t o w ho se ar ms t he Su n
,

s i n k s w eari l y o n t he cl o se o f day at ot h e r ti me s as sitti n g

Fate -like in a go lde n c astl e b u ilt se e m i ngly of fire

, .

S o ng f S o lomo n
o 111. 1I.

I96
 CI ND ERE LLA I9 7

It is l m o st a u n iversal feat ure O f t he Ci n d ere lla tal e s

a

t hat t he h e ro i n e is t he l ivi n g i m age O f he r l o ve ly M o th e r

a n d th u s a s t u dy o f t he M o th e r s i m u lt a n e o u sly re veal s t he

ch aracte r o f t he Da u ghte r In a San sc rit l e ge n d t he Fath e r

.
, ,

O f t he ra c e o f t he S u n ” had a child e xactly

“
w ho w as ,

re se m bli n g him in e ve ry p artic u l ar e xc e pt age an d t he ,

Fath e r o bse rve s He is n o t an o th e r b u t my v e ry se lf

, , .
” 1

Wh e n S H R I t he h e r o i n e Of t he Descent of the Sun is do o m e d

, ,

t o w an d e r ch e e rl e ssly o n e arth t he L o rd o f C re at u re s say s, ,

“
I m u s t n o t leave he r lo ve ly b o dy to t he pl ay O f ch an c e ,

fo r it has in it so m e thi ng o f my o w n D ivi n ity

”
.

The r e l ati o n th e n o f Ci n d e re l l a t o her Star-crown e d

, ,

M o th e r— an d Of man y oth e r fam o u s M o th e r-an d-D aughte r s

of Mythol ogy— is th at O f t he St ream le t t o t he o ce an the ,

s p ark to t he fire t he ego t o t he O ve r so u l

,
.

C IN D ERELLA S fai ry go d m oth e r o r real m o th e r is

’
2

vario u sly de scrib e d as an age d wo man a be au tifu l q ue e n ,

with a star u p o n her bro w a cow with go lde n h o rn s a , ,

w ate r n ym ph a m e rm aid livi n g in a g ro tto O f p earl a n d

,

c o ral an d as a sea-se rpe n t n am e d LA BIS MINA

,
.

The c o n c e pti o n o f t he Se a as t he G reat M o th er o f all

Cre ati o n is c o mm o n to an cie n t co smo go n i e s Wh e th e r thi s .

u n iv e rsal b e l i e f a ro se b e c au se phy s ic al life w as k no w n to

h ave o rigi n ate d in wate r o r wh e th e r t he se a was sym b o li

,

c ally e m plo ye d be c ause O f t he in n u m e rabl e an alo gi e s -

be tw e e n Wate r an d Wi sdo m is a poi n t th at it wo u l d b e ,

f u ti le t o di sc u ss : it ca nn o t h o we ve r b e q u e s ti o n e d th at
, ,

fro m t he re m ote st age s t he Spi rit o f Tru th o r Wi sdo m has

be e n typifi e d by Wate r an d t he Se a .

In B abyl o n i an c o sm o go n y t he D e e p o r D e pth w as
r egarde d as a sym bol o f U n fath o mable Wi sdo m 3
Wi sdo m .
,

1
A n E ss e n ce of the D us k , F
. W . Bai p 4 n, . .

2
No t to be c o n fu s e d i
w t h t he c rue l t p m th
s e o e r.

We dding f Wis do m Me a d p 5
3
S o ng o , , . 2.

V OL . I
.
19 8 T HE LO ST LA N GU AGE O F SYMB OL I SM
t he Sp o u se o f t he
S u p re me Cre ato r w as said t o dw e ll in ,
“
t he d e pth s O f t he illi m ita bl e o ce a n an d was t e rm e d t he ,

Lady o f t he Abyss a nd t he Vo ic e o f t he Aby ss 1

An .
”

a n ci e n t I ri sh Go dde ss— pro bably t he m o st a n ci e n t— w as

n am e d D O MN U an d Sir JO H N R HYS b e l i e v e s thi s w o rd t o
,

h ave s ig n ifie d the Abyss o r De e p Sea Th re e th o u sa n d .

2

ye ar s be fore C H R IST a Chi ne se E m p e ro r is said t o h ave ,

i n stit u t e d t he m u sic O f t he Gre at Abyss in o rde r t o

b ri n g spi rit s an d m e n i n to har mo ny ; an d fro m p re hi sto ric
3
.

ti m e s t he te rm Abyss se e ms to h ave b e e n e xte n sivel y

u se d t o d e n o te t he U n k n o w n t he My s te rio u s an d t he , ,

U n fatho mable LA BISMINA t he Se a-se rp e n t godmo th e r of

.
,

C IN DER ELLA is e vide n tly a co rr upti o n fro m L A BYSME t he

,
’

O ld F re hc h s u p e rl ative o f Abyss It m e an s t he pro fo u n de st . .

de pth t he p ri mal ch ao s t he u n fath o mable an d u n search able

, ,

de e p a n d acco rdi n g to D r M U RRA Y

, ,
“
a su bt e rran eo u s ,

re se rv o i r o f w at e r s
”
.

A m o ng t he n am e s o f t he G reat M o th e r-G o dde ss CY BEL E

we re MA an d M A IA te r ms which in all pro babil i ty were ,

rel at e d to M A Y A t he n am e o f t he gre at e m pir e th a t o n c e

,

fl o uri s h e d in SO U T H A MER ICA T race s Of this e mpi re e xi st .

in t he ru i n e d citi e s o f M EX IC O a n d th e re are so me w ho ,

m ai n tai n tha t it w as t he fe rti l e p ar e n t fro m which s p ran g

t he civili sa ti o n s o f E G Y PT a n d ASSY R IA The m e an i n g .

O f t he n am e M A YA ha s b e e n assu m e d to b e t he M o th e r
O f t he Wat e r s o r t he
“
Teats o f t he Wat
”
e rs M A -Y— A

s he o f t he fo u r h u n d red breast s as th e y we re wo n t t o ,

e xp re ss t he Eph e sian Go dd ess The reaso n give n by .

5

“
Wh y s he wa s c a ll ed
‘
The La dy of th e A b yss ,
’
and
'

e ls e w h e re
‘
t he

V i
o ce o f t h e Ab ys s, is
’
no t k n o wn ”
.
-B a b
y l o n ian and A ssy ria n Relig io n ,
T G . . Fin c h e s,p 62
. .

2
Hihher t Lect u res , 1886, Le c t ure V I .

3
Rel ig io n of A nc ie n t China , H A G ile s , p 8 . . . .

4
Ne w E ng Diet . .

5
Qu e en M o o a n d the E g yp tia n Sp hinx, A L e Pl o n g eo n , . p xxxix
. .
 CI ND ERE LLA 19 9

B RA SSEU R fo r thi s de rivati o n is the fact th a t t he so il Of t he

M A YA c o u n try is h o ne yc o m be d an d th at j u st b e l o w t he ,

s u rfac e th e re e xi st i n n u me rabl e an d i mm e nse c ave s

“
In .

th e se cave s are de p o sits Of co o l l i m pid wate rs e xte n s ive , ,

lake s fe d by s u bte rran e o us str e am s 1

I t th u s see m s .
”

p ro babl e th at t he te rm L A BYSME a su bte rra n e o u s re se rvo ir

’

of wate r s is lik e m uch o th e r sym bo li sm trac e able to t he

, , ,

e xti n ct civili sa ti o n O f M EX IC O a n d th at in LA BIS MINA t he ,

fai ry god mo th e r o f C IN DER ELLA we h ave a re l ic o f t he u n

fath o m abl e M A YA N wate r-lake s .

In E G Y P T ~ t he n a m e fo r t he Wa ters was Mem a ro o t ,

fro m which have in all pro bability spr u ng t he I ri sh Ma m

an d t he W e l sh Ma m— bo th words m ean i ng Mother In .

Ch aldea MU MMU TIA WAT H t he Se a was she who bro ught

—
, ,

forth e ve rythi n g e xi sti n g an d M A MA m ean t t he Lady O f

,
“

t he G o d s .

Amo n g t he Pe ru vi an s Ma nia me an t Mother an d t he 3

,

O ld S LA v w o rd fo r Mother is al so Ma ma ‘
Ki n g afte r .
,

me n ti o n i n g a lo cal t e r m fo r t he s trea m O f t he Grea t

“

O c e an which flo ws o u t fro m the m iddl e o f t he Pe rfe ct Man ,

”

co n ti n ue s Thi s sam e De ity was c alle d by t he P HRY G IA N S

Papa ,
be c ause he appease d t he c o n fu si o n an d chao tic
5

tu mu lt which pre vaile d be fo re his Th u s t he

first wo rds th at a n i n fan t l e arn s to l i sp rel ate in all p ro b
abi l ity t o it s pri me val M o th e r t he Se a ,
.

The M ayan an d Egypti an hi e ro gl yph fo r wate r w as a

z i z ag o r w avy li n e r e pre se n ti n g t he rippl e s o f t he s tre am
g
o r t he w av e s of t he se a an d wa t e r o r s pi rit has e ve r s i n c e
,

Q uee n Mon a n d theE gyp t ia n Sp hinx , A Le P o n g e o n , . l p xxxix . .

2
B a by lo n ia n a n d A ssy ria n Relig ion , T G P n c he s , 3 1, 94 . . i pp . .

3 Pre sc o tt, Co n q uest of Peru , b k ch . i . . i .

4
N E D. . .

5
A mo n g th e Me xic a n s Papa de no te d a pi r est of h ghi ra n k . Th i s is of

c ou rse the C h r sti i an Pa p Po pe

a or .

a n d their Rema ins , C W Ki n g , an d c d . , p

6
The G no s tics . . .
90 .
2 00 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
b ee n ge n e rally re p re se n te d by thi s pre hi sto ric an d al mo st
u n ive rsal sig n L E P LON G EON s tate s th a t a m o n g t he
.

M ayas t he wavy l i n e hi e ro glyph fo r wate r t e r m i nate d with

-

t he h e ad o f a sn ak e b e cau se th e y c o m p are d t he w ave s o f

,

t he o c e an t o t he u n d u la ti o n s o f a m o vi n g se rp e n t Fo r .

thi s reason th e y n am e d t he Se a Ga na h t he G re at an d Po we r,

fu l Serp ent }
Ana conda t he n a me o f t he gi an t se rp e n t o f
,

S o u th A m e rica wo u l d th u s se e m t o b e re so lvable i n t o a na h
,

t he gi an t onda w ave s
,
Thi s c o n n e cti o n o f t he se rp e n t with
.

t he s ea is pr o bab l y t he tr u e o rigi n O f t he u n ive rsal u se o f t he

se rp e n t as a sym b o l o f C e l e sti al Wi s do m a sy m b o l i sm fo r,

463

t h e re a so n o f which a n u m b e r O f re co n dite a n d i n ge n i o u s
s p e c u l ati o n s have from ti m e to ti m e b e e n pu t fo rward .

F ro m t he above de sign s it is e vide n t th at t he m e di aeval

sy m b o l i s t s u se d t he se rp e n t with a k n o wle dge O f it s
p ri mary an d e l e m e n tal m ean i n g of sea wave s and thi s ,

o rigi n al c o n n e cti o n b e t we e n t he se rp e n t a n d wa te r w as no

do u bt an additi o n al r e aso n fo r t he se rp e n t s s ign ifican c e as ’

‘
a n e m b l e m O f R e ge ne r ati o n .

I t will b e n o tic e d tha t t he h e ad o f fig 4 63 has b e e n

‘

sacrific e d in o rd e r t o i n t ro d u c e t he th re e ci rcl e s of P e rf e ct

Lo ve Pe rfe ct Wi sdo m an d P e rfe ct Po we r an d se ve ral o f

, , ,

t he d e s ig n s b e l o w h ave b e e n c ro w n e d with thi s tripl e pe rfe c

ti o n T he h e art o f Lo ve is e m e rgi n g f ro m t he m o u th o f
.

1
S d My t i
a cre mo g th M y
s er es a n d Q i h
e a p 4
as a n u c es , . 1I .
 CI ND ERE LLA
fig .
4 64 , an d fro m figs .
5 an d 4 66 L ight is b e i n g born
in t he fo rm O f a eur-de-l s a n
fl y d t he c ro ss o f Lux T he
.

cre sce n t m o o n w as a sym bo l an d attribu te o f SIN the God ,

o f
L ight t he Fa th e r of I S HTA R an d t he Cre ator of L ight
, .
20 2 THE LO ST L A N GUAGE O F SYMB OL ISM
S e ve ral O f th e se S e rpe n t e mbl e m s are sign ifican tly e n
foldi n g an egg withi n the ir c o il s Acco rdi n g to an ci e n t .

cosm o go n y t he Virgi n Egg t he Et e rn al Ge rin o r Egg o f ,

t he U n iv e rse w as e ve r be i n g e n circ l e d by a n d i n t o t he
,
‘
Go o d Sh e ph e rd o f Creative Wi sdo m .

Thi s De ity was co n ce ive d so m e ti me s as masc uli n e ,

so m e ti m e s as fe m i n i n e b u t mo re Oft e n as d ual
,
A mo n g .

p ri m itive m e n de sce n t be i n g re cko n e d n o t th ro u gh t he

,

fath e r b ut t he m o th er it m ay safe l y b e assu m e d th at t he

,

Go od Spi rit was o rigi nal ly c o n ce ive d as be i n g the Wate r

Mother The S e rpe n t fig 4 7 7 has t he h ead a n d h o rn s o f a

.
, .
,

B u ll i m p lyi n g a c o m bi n ati o n o f W IS DO M t he M o th e r an d
,

AP IS t he C re ato r an d Fi rs t Cause Th o se w ho we re .

i n iti a te d i n to t he myste ri e s o f OS IR IS we re to l d that AP IS

o u ght t o b e r e gard e d a s a fa ir a n d b e a u tif u l i m age O f th e i r
”
o wn so ul The cera stes o r h o r ne d se rp e n t was as sacre d
.

am o n g t he M ayas as am o n g t he Egypti ans an d thi s re ptil e ,

pro bably de rive d it s san ctity o n acco u n t o f its co m bi n i ng

so m e of t he attrib u te s o f b o th B ul l an d S e rp e n t C ERA ST ES .

w as a nam e a pp l i e d by t he G re e ks t o Z EUS t he h o rn e d
”
Z e us . So me ti m e s t wo se rpe n t s we re c o rre l ate d as in
3
,

l The Cha l dea n Ora c les, G R S Mea d, . 60. . i . .

2
S a cred My steries a mo ng the May a s, Le P o n ge o n , 98 l p . .

3
K i
Pa yne - n g ht , Sy mbol La ng of A n cien t A r t ,
. . 138 p . .
 CI N D ERE LLA
fig 4 7 8 whe re o n e has t wo h o rn s an d t he o th e r b u t o ne
.
, ,

de n o ti n g p re su mably mal e an d fe mal e In Egypt says

, , .
,

P ro fe sso r P ET R IE two se rp e n t s w e re u sual ly re p re se n t e d

,

to ge th e r -o n e ofte n with t he h ead o f I S IS t he o th e r o f S ER ,

so th e r e fo re m al e an d fe m al e
l
A PIS , , .
'

The le tter G s u r mo u n te d with a cr o w n is t he i n iti al o f

G nosis t he S acr e d an d C e l e sti al K n o wl e dge i e W IS DO M
, ,
. . .

The V fo rm e d by fig 4 7 9 is t he i n iti al O f V IS H N U t he .
,

Hi n do o APOLLO a n d will b e c o n side re d in a su bse q ue n t

,
'

chapt e r .

O ve r figs 4 80 t o 4 82 app ear the i n itial M sta n di n g

.
,

pre s u mably fo r M AA T t he G o dde ss O f Tr u th M AA T t he,

.
,

p e rso n ificati o n O f o rigi n al an d ce le sti al Re aso n was re garde d ,

2

a s t he Gr e a t M o th e r an d he r nam e w as s p e l l e d M AA T
, ,

M A U I an d M A HT The l e tt e ri n g aro u n d t he waterm arke d

' '

,
.

de sign s h e re with re ads M A HT o r T HA M acc o rdi n g t o t he

po i n t fro m which o n e c o mm e n c es o r accordi n g to t he s ide ,

tha t o n e hol ds t he transpare n cy to t he l ight O n e of t he

.
.

de signatio n s o f t he Babylo n i s h G re at Moth e r w as T HA M .

The se rp e n t s or w avy l i n e s o n fig 4 83 c e rt ai n ly de n ote .

wate r an d it is pro bab le th at M A HT an d T HA M b o th

,

o rigi n all y m e an t Wa te r s It is possible th at M A T H an d .

Relig ion o f A n cien t Egyp t , Fli n de rs Pe tri e , p . 26.

2
Perfect Way , Ki n g sfo rd a n d Ma i tla n d , p . 15 5 .
20 4 THE LO ST LA NGUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
T HA M are s i m ply pe rm Iitatio n s Of the sam e fo u r l e tte rs ,

e ach o f which s t an d s fo r an attrib u t e O f t he fo u rfo ld De ity .

I t is clai m e d by m y stic s th at t he sacro san ct A U M Of t he

Hi n do o s is a c o m bi n ati o n o f si m il ar in it ials A s tan di n g ,

fo r t he fo u n dativ e p o we r o f t he C re ato r U fo r t he ge n e ra ,

tive p o we r O f t he M o th e r an d M fo r th e i r e n ge n derin gs , ,

o r t he So n Th u s t he m yst e ry n a m e A U M is cap abl e O f

.

pe rm u tatio n s which in t he M aya lan g uage read

U— A -M = I am t he m al e C re ato r .

M U—A the M ake r o f the se wate rs

- z .

A U M==t hy M o th e r s So n
’
- - .

The Tri n ity A U M in t he alt e rn ativ e fo rm

. . . O M is h aile d
as H e w ho r e s te th u p o n t he fac e o f t he Mi l ky O c e an ,

w ho art c e l e brat e d by a th o u san d n ame s an d u n de r vario u s

fo rm s 2
.
”

In I n di a t he syll a bl e A U M is pr o n o u n c e d l ik e a drawli n g
A me n an d th e re m u st b e a clo se co n n e cti o n be twe e n t he
,

A U M o f I n di a t he A MU N RA an d A MU N KNEPT H Of Egypt
,
- -
,

an d t he J U P IT ER-A MMON o f G re e c e A MU N-KNEPT H w as .

t he Egypti an J U P IT ER a n d this go o d ge n i u s was r e pre se n te d

,

a s a S e rp e n t which acc o rdi n g to H O RA PO LLO w as t he

, ,
“
,
”
e m b l e m o f t he Spi rit which p e rv ad e s t he u n ive rse It
3

wo uld th u s appe ar th at t he Sea w as fro m t he fi rst a sy m bo l

o f u n fath o m abl e Tr u th o r Wi sd o m an d th at t he Go o d ,

S erp e n t was i n variably ide n tifie d as an alte r native S ign fo r

t he sam e ide a Th e re was a tr aditi o n th at t he Garde n o f
.

t he H e sp e rid e s w as g ua rd e d by thr e e N y m ph s an d an

e ve r-wa tchfu l S e rp e n t n ame d LA DO N In B o h e m i a Ci n de r .

e ll a is k n o w n as The P ri n c e ss with t he Go ld Sta r o n he r

‘
brow an d he r n am e is LA DA
,
I t is pro bable th at thi s is .

1
Queen 4100
. a nd th e Egyp tia n Sphinx, Le l
P o n g e o n, p . 23 .

2
Th e G n os tics a nd t heir R ema ins, Ki ng, p . 2 7.

Qu een Moo , p 49
3
. .

4
Cin derella , p 4 8;
. 1 l
s ee a so Fraze r, The Dy ing Go d, pp . 2 61, 262 .
 CI N D ERE LL A 20 5

e ith e r t he fe m i n i n e o r di m i n u tive fo rm O f LA DON t he Goo d .

Se rp e nt an d that t he ro o t O f b o th w o rds is to b e fo u n d in
,

LA a syl labl e which in t he M aya lan gu age m e an s

,
that
which has e xi ste d fo r e ve r the Ete rn al Tru th 1
.
”

The I n di a n go d s are said t o u pc hu rn t he n e ctar o f t he

del e ctable B u tte r o f t he Bri n e an d t he Hi n doo s aflirm that ,
“
t he thre e m y stic l e tt e rs A U M w e r e m ilk e d o u t by t he
Cre ato r Acco rdi ng t o an I n di an ve rs i o n o f C IN DERELLA
.
,

t he h e ro i n e is t he s e v e n th o f se v e n dau ghte rs all o f wh o m ,

w e d t h e P ri n c e C IN D ERELLA h avi n g u nj u stly fall e n u n de r

.

a c l o u d o f s u sp ICIO n t he chi l d re n S ay t o th e i r fath e r

“ Le t
,

you r se ve n t h wife w ho is in t he d u n geo n c o m e fo rth .

Plac e se ve n c u rtai n s b e twe e n he r an d u s an d watch wh at

h appe n s Ci n de re lla is bro u ght o u t an d se ve n c u rtai n s
.
”

are pl ac e d b e tw e e n he r an d t he childr e n Th re e s tream s .

o f m ilk spri n g fr o m he r b re as t s a n d p e n e t rati n g t he se v e n

, ,

c u rtai n s ru n i n to the child re n s mo u th s

,
’
It is n o t an .
2

un o c m m o n i n cid e n t i n f a i ry,
-tal e s fo r wi n e h o n e y an d , ,

j e we l s to rai n from t he h e ro i n e s m o u th ; b u t th re e milky ’

st re am s th ro u gh se v e n v e il s is a n id e a so p e c u l i arly bi z arre

that as B aco n says O f c e rtai n fable s it p ro clai m s a parabl e

, ,
.

afar O ff .Ro man Ca th o lic s are tau ght th at ST G ERT RU DE

was divi n e ly i n s t ru cte d an d th at as Oft e n as t he A n ge lic
, ,

Sal u tati o n is de vo u tl y re cite d by t he faithf u l o n earth ,

thre e e flicac io u s st re am l e ts p ro c e e d fro m t he F ath e r t he

'

So n an d t he H o ly G h o s t mo s t s we e t ly p e n e trati n g t he
, , ,
3
Vi rgi n s h eart
’
.

T he Sev en v e i l s th ro u gh which C IN DERELLA S th re e

’

s t ream l e t s p e n e t ra t e m a b e c o m p are d with t he Se v en ga t e s

y
o f t he u n de r-wo rld th ro u gh which I S HT A R p asse d an d t h e ,

S ev en plan e t ary sph e r es th ro ugh which SOP HIA t he Vi rgi n ,

S a cred My steries a mong the May a s , l

Le P o n ge o n , p .
54 .

3
A ll fo r jesu s , Fa b e r, p . 10 4 .
20 6 THE LO ST LA NG UAGE O F SYMB OL I S M
of Light aro se The se se ve n sphe res wh o se m ove me n t
,
.
,

made t he fabled m us ic Of the sph e re s we r e s u pp o se d to b e ,

i m p o se d o n e u p o n an o th e r l ike a n e st of i n ve rte d crys tall i ne

bowl s P LATO c o n ce ive d a h eave n ly M e r maid to b e seate d
.

S i n gi n g u po n each sph e re and th e se Se ve n Syre n s o f t he

,

Sphe r e s m ay b e c o mpare d with t he Se ve n M aide n s o f

C IN DERELLA t he S eve n M aide ns o f SOP HIA t he S e ve n
, ,

HA T HO RS o r Fate s and t he Se ve n Spi rits which stan d be fo re

,
‘
t he Thro n e o f G o d .

“
Acco rdi n g to G e ne si s In t he begi n n i n g t he earth was
,

with o u t form an d vo id an d dark n e ss was u pon t he face o f

,

t he d e e p : a n d t he Spi rit Of God m o ve d u p o n the fac e o f

t he wat e r s .A n d God said, Le t th e re b e l ight : and th e re

”
was light . Acc o rdi n g t o M exic an tradition s as s tate d in
t he sac re d Pop ul V a h Eve rythi n g was with o u t l ife cal m
, ,

a n d s il e n t ; all was m o ti o n l e ss a n d q u i e t Vo id w as t he .

i mme n sity O f t he h eave n s t he fac e Of t he earth did n o t ,

man ife st it se l f ye t o n ly t he tran q u i l sea was an d t he spac e

of t he h eave n s Al l was i m m obility and si le n ce in t he
.

da rk n e ss in t he n ight ; o n ly t he Creato r t he M ake r t he , ,

Do m i na to r t he S e rp e n t cove re d with feath e rs the y who

, ,

e n ge n d e r th e y w ho c re at e we r e o n t he wat e rs as an e ve r
, ,

i n c re asi n g light Th e y are su rro u n de d by gre en an d bl ue

. .
” 2

The Vi rgi n o f L ight was wide ly r e garde d as t he first

b o rn O f t he S u pre me Spirit I says W IS DO M o f h e r sel f
.
,
”

was se t u p f ro m e ve rlasti n g fro m t he b egi n n i n g o r e ve r , ,

t he earth was Wh en th e re we re n o de pth s I was bro u ght

.
,

fo rth wh e n th ere we re n o fo u n tai n s abo u n di n g with wa te r .

Be fo re t he m o u n tai n s we re se ttl e d ; be fore t he hill s w as

I b ro ugh t fo rth : whil e as yet he had no t made t he earth ,

n o r t he fi e ld s no r t he high e st p art o f t he d us t o f t he w o rl d
, .

Wh e n he p re pare d t he h eave n s I w as the re : wh e n he ,

R v l ti
e i 4 e a on . .

2
Q t di S
uo e d My th log y m g th Ad m p 1
n ac r e o a on e a s, . 11 .
 CI ND ERE LLA 20 7

se t a co mpass u po n t he fac e o f t he d e pth : wh en he e stab

lishe d t he clo u ds above wh e n b e st re n gth e n e d t he fo u n tai ns
o f t he de e p : wh e n he gav e to t he sea his d e cr e e th a t t he ,

wate rs sho u l d n o t pass his c o mman dm e n t : wh e n he

a pp o i n t e d t he fo u n dati o n s of t he ea rth th e n I was by him ,

as o n e b ro ught u p with him an d I was d aily his d e light

,
1 ”
rej o ici n g alway s be fore him .

Hi n doos bel i e ve that wh e n t he Cre ato r di spelle d dark

ne ss an d p ro d uce d t he Wate rs t h e re flo at e d u p o n th e m ,

NA RA YA NA t he D ivi n e Spirit
,
A m o ng Chri stian s thi s .
'

spi rit of Wi s do m is ge n e ra lly pict u re d in t he fo r m o f a

dove an d Mil to n th us i n vokes it

,

“
I n st ruc t me fo r t ho u kn o w est t ho u fro m t he fi st
, r

W ast pre se nt and w it h might y w in gs o ut spre ad

,

Do v e -lik e sat st b roo din g o n t he v ast A b yss

’
,

A n d mad st it pre gn an t w hat in me is da rk

’

Ill umine , w hat is lo w raise an d suppo rt

T hat to t he he ight o f t his great argume n t
I may asse rt Et e rn al Pro v ide n c e
A n d just ify the w ays of G od to me n .

In t he Ka lev a la which , be it re m e mbe re d , is no t

no m i n ally phil o so phy b u t m e rel y t he p o p u lar t raditi o n o f

a ru r al p e o pl e th a t has o n l y o f r e c e n t y ears b e e n tak e n
d o w n fro m t he mo uth s o f t he peasan t ry— I L MA T A R t he
Cr e at rix o f t he U n ive rse t he Vi rgi n Daughte r O f t he A ir
, ,

is de scrib e d as de sc e n di n g fro m he r ae ri al H o m e an d
si n ki n g q u i e tl y d o w n o n to t he wid e e xp an se Of e l e m e n tal

waters I L MA TA R de scribe d so me ti me s as t he Crea trix and

.
,
“
at o th e rs as t he fair e st da ughter of Cre ati o n fl o ats fo r ,
’
sev en l o n g c e n t u ri e s u p o n t he o c e an s su rfac e Th e n .

T he w in d t hat b le w aro un d he r ,

A n d t he se a wo ke life w it hin he r
”
3
.

P v b viii 23 3
ro er s . P di L t
- 0. 2
a ra se os .

R 2
i 136 37
un o , .
,
1 .
20 8 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
A du ck h o ve rs o ve r t he wate rs b ut is u nabl e t o fin d any ,

fo o ti n g u n til t he M o th e r o f t he Wa te rs u plift s he r k n e e
an d s h o u l de rs fr o m t he wav e s th u s affo rdi n g t o t he bird a
,

n e s ti n g plac e
- . Se ve n e gg s— six Of go ld an d o n e O f i ro n
are l aid ,
a n d t h e d u ck b ro o d s o ve r th e m fo r th ree day s .

Th e n t he M o th e r o f t he Wat e rs ro ll s t he e ggs i n to t he
o c ean wh e re th e y are s h a tt e re d i n t o pi e c e s
,
Fro m t he yo lk .

o f o n e o f th e m g re w o u r S u n fro m t he whit e o ur M o o n ,

fro m t he u pp e r fragm e n t O f a sh e ll ro se t he vau lt Of h e ave n

a n d fro m t he l o we r h al f s p ran g t he so lid e arth No w .
,

c o nti n u e s t he Ka lev a la ,

t he t im p a sse d q uic kly o v e r

e
,

A n d t h years ro lle d q uic kly o n w rd

e a

In t he e w Su n s S hi i g l st re
’
n n n u
,

I t he n e w Mo o n s so ft e r b e am i g
’
n n
,

St ill t he W at e r-Mo t he r fl at e d o ,

W at e r-Mo t he r maid ae rial , ,

Ev e r o n t he p e ac e f l w at e rs u ,

O n t he billo w s fo amy surfac e

’
,

W it h t he mo v in g w av e s b e fo re he r
A n d t he he av e n se e n e b e hin d he r r .

W h t he n i t h ye ar h d passe d o v e r
en n a

A n d t he m m e r t e n t h w as p assin g
su
,

Fro m t h se a h h e ad sh e lift e d
e er
,

A n d h r f re he ad Sh e u plift d
e o e
,

A n d she t he n b e gan c reat io n ,

A n d she b rought t he w o r ld t o o rde r

O n t he O pe n ’
o c e a n s surfac e
,

On t he fa r-e xt e n din g w at e rs .

In t he em bl e m s b e l o w are re p re se n tati o n s n o t o n ly Of t he
Wat e r-M o th e r h e rse l f b ut al so o f a d u ck fl o ati n g o n t he
,

far—
.

e xte n di n g wat e rs
.
. T he fact th at I S IS is re fe rre d t o as a
du ck le ads o n e t o c o nj e ct u re th at th e re e xi ste d in Egypt a
le ge n d s i m i lar t o th at o f F INLA N D
1
R i 45 6
uno , . 2 ,
2 1
.
 CI ND ERE LLA
Co m e t ho u in peac e to t h O Lo rd C o n q ue ro r
y se at,
Sh w s t he G re at B ull t he lo v ab le Lord as he shall b e c o me
o u
,

Thy du h t hy Sist e r I sis pro duc e t h t he sw e e t o do urs be lo n in

c ,
, g g
t o t he e a n d w it h t he e .
” 1

In m an y o f th e se W a t e r M o th e r a n d P ri n c e ss e m bl e m s
-

t he h a i rs a re c are f u lly a rra n g e d as Six— j u s t as in t he J ESUS

e mbl e m s p 2 7 t he h a i rs w e re r e p re se n t e d as three
( a nte ,
.
) .

In an ci e n t M EX IC O t he h air O f t he G re at M o th e r was
1
Th B e d f I i
u r en op 34
s s, . .
2 10 THE LO ST LANG UAGE OF SYMB O L I SM
care fully arrang e d o n he r fo re h ead in c url s an d cro sse s ,

t he c u rl s b e i n g made to fo rm t he cro sse s In t he first

l
.

e diti o n o f Ki n g s G nostics a fac s i m il e O f S OP H IA is re

’
2

re pro du c e d with her l o cks c are fu lly arran ge d th re e o n

e ith e r s id e o f her h ead ; b u t in t he se c o n d an d r e vi se d

e diti o n o f thi s w o rk SO P H IA S six h a ir s h av e b ee n ign o ran tly

’

e mb e ll i s h e d by t he arti s t re vi se r i n t o an i nd e t e rm i nat e an d

m ean i n gle s s n u m be r It wil l b e no tic e d that fig 4 7 9

. .

a nte p 2 0 2 s six to n ue d s ix de n o ti n g t he a tt rib u te s o f

( ) i -
’

, .
g ,

t he D e ity i e Po we r M aj e s ty Wi sd o m Lo ve M e rcy
,
. .
, , , , ,
8
an d J u s tic e Th e se o r si m i lar six powers we re said to b e
.

t he six ro o t s o r radic al s O f t he P are n t Fl a me t he B o u n d ,

le ss Po w e r which sto od stan de th an d shall st an d an d th e se , , ,

s ix as p e cts o f t he Fl ame prob ably acc o u n t fo r t he s ix ve s tal

vi rgi n s wh o se d u ty it was t o ke e p alight t he sacre d Fire .

Six p e rfe cti o ns are attach e d to t he Solar Wh e e l fig 4 93 .

,

an d In t he s ix l e tt e r s o f t he name J E S O U S t he m y s t ic s S a w
an ide n tity b e twe e n J e s u s an d SOP H IA t he D a ughte r o f ,
‘
L ight .

T he hat iv e s o f t he S A N DW IC H I S LA ND S h ave a t raditio n

that in t he be gi n n i n g the re was no thi n g b u t wate r u n til t he ,

D e ity in t he form Of a big bird d e sce n de d fro m o n high

a n d l aid a n e in t he se a Th at e b u rst a n d fro m it
gg gg .
,

came fo rth H A WA I ‘ Acc o rdi n g t o Gre e k Myth o lo gy

.
,
8
Lo ve i ssu e d fro m t he e gg Of N ight fl o ati n g in ch ao s T he .

Hi n do o s teach that t he S u p re me Spirit by u n i o n with t he

Go ddess M aya pro d u c e d t he wat ers an d in the m de posit e d ,

a p ro d u ctive see d Thi s ge rm be cam e an e gg bri ll ian t as

.
,

go ld re spl e n de n t as a s tar an d fro m it was re p ro d u c e d t he

, ,

S ign s a nd Sy mbo ls of Primordia l Ada n , A . W . Churc h ward, p .

369 .

2
18 64, pl fig 1
ate v . . .

2
The G n o stics , K n g , 61 i p . .

Frag men ts of a Fa ith Forg o t ten , G R S . . . Mea d , p .

369 .

2
Po ly nesia n Resea rches , E s lli .

2
pi
Le m r ere , No x .
 CI ND ERE LLA
S up re me B e i n g u n de r t he fo rm o f B RA HMA t he an ce s to r O f ,

all b e i n gs
1
.

D ou btl e ss thi s su n l ike egg is t o b e ide n tifi e d with t he

go lde n e gg l aid by the pri me val Goose o r Bi rd o f t he Spirit
it is al so n o te wo rthy th at t he cla i m is pu t fo rw ard by I S IS
“
The fruit which I h ave br o u ght fo rth is t he Su n T he .

Egypti an s affirm e d that PTA H t he Lo rd O f Tru th , ,

”

e me rge d fr o m a n e th at c am e o u t fro m t he m o u th o f
gg
A MU N KNEPT H t he True an d P e rfect Se rp e n t T he i n iti al
-
, .

P as so ci ate d with fig 4 82 (a nte p 2 0 3) po ssibly re fe rs t o

.
, .

P ta h ; an d t he l e tte rs M T u n de r figs 4 86 4 87 an d 4 88 .
, ,

may b e a c o n tracti o n fo r M A HT , t he M o th e r O f Tr u th .

Acc o rdi n g bo th t o t he M ayas an d Egyptian s t he Great ,

Se rp e n t was o f a bl ue co lo u r with yellow scale s 2

Ye l lo w .
”

o r g o ld t he c o lo u r O f t he S u n is s ti ll re c o gn i se d as t he ,

sy m b o l o f
“ 3 ”
Lo ve co n stan cy dig n ity an d wi sdo m
, ,
an d , , ,

ye l lo w is t o day t he ro yal co l o u r in Chi n a t he C e l e stial

- “
,

E m pire Ye l lo w is l ike wi se t he pri e stly c o lo ur o f

B u ddhi sm .

Amo n g t he Egypti an s an d al so acc o rdi n g to S WEDEN B O RG

, ,

B l ue which is n o t n o w a can o n ical c o lo u r was t he sym bo l

, ,
‘
o f T ru th . O n e o f t he ba rd s o f t he Ka lev a la i n vo k e s
I L MATA R ( Obvi o u sly El Ma ter o r God-Mother) in t he wo rds
A n c ie n t Daught e r o f C re at io n ,
C o me in all t hy golden bggu t y
T ho u t he Olde st o f all w o men ,
T ho u t he first o f all t he Mo t he rs .

Rise t ho u u p, 0 W at e r-Mo t he r,
R aise t hy blue cap fro m t he b i llo w s
6 ”
6
.

Quee n Moo 70 ,
p . .

S a cre d My ste ries a mo ng the May a s ,

p . 109 .

Ch ris tia n Sy mbol is m, F E Hu m e , p 24 . . l . .

Doct rin e of Corresp on den ces, E Ma de e y, . l p .

363 .

i
No t c e t h e ca p o n fig s 486 a n d 488 . .

R un o , xvii
2 80 , 2 9 4
. .
2 12 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
A m o n g t he M ayas Bl u e be i n g t he c o l o u r Of the vau l t o f
,

h eave n w as sym b o lic o f h o l i n e ss san ctity ch astity h e n ce

, , , ,

o f h a ppi n e ss In M EX IC O E G Y P T an d C HA LD EA bl ue w as
l
.
, , ,

wo rn d u ri n g m o u rn i n g as a to ke n Of t he fe lici ty which t he
so u l fre e d f ro m t he tram m e l s O f m att e r was e nj o yi n g in
, ,

t he c e l e s ti al re gi o n s Egyptian m u m mi e s are fre q u e n tl y

.

fo u n d s h ro u de d in a n e two rk o f blu e b e ad s In o rde r t o .

s ig n ify th e i r e xal te d a n d h eav e n ly ch aract e r t he G o d s w e re

”
fre q u e n tly pai n te d bl ue T he t e rm bl ue blo o de d m ay
.
-

h ave o rigi n ate d fro m thi s c au se a n d u p to t he ti me o f t he ,

Span i sh c o n qu e st O f M exico th o se n ative s w ho o ffere d ,

th e m sel ve s as p ro piti ato ry sacrific e s t o th e i r D e ity sm eare d

th e ir bo di e s with bl ue pain t .
1
a

Two s hade s o f Bl u e h ave al way s b e e n re c o g n i se d by

Mystici s m a n d Po e try ; t he fai r Tu rq uo i se of a cl o u dl ess
a n d t he t ran s c e n d e n t al Ult ram a ri n e O f Lapi s Laz u li
3 ”
sk
y .

In I N DIA t he p u re u n su lli e d e l e m e n tal bl u e is still t he

, ,

u n ea rthly c o l o u r t he c o l o u r of t he m y s tic l o t u s a n d t he
,

l an g u o ro us l o n g eye d Go d s
,
- .

O n e ve rs i o n O f Ci n de re lla d e sc rib e s he r di s ti n ctive d re ss

as
“
bl u e like t he sk y ; a n othe r as o f t he c o lou r o f
” “

“
n o o n tid e th -co l o u re d n o th e r as
”
sk a n o e r a s se a a
y ;
“
dark bl u e c o ve re d with go ld e n e m bro ide ry ano th e r as
“
l ike t he wave s Of t he se a a n o th e r a s like t he sea with
“
fi sh e s swi m m i n g in it ; an d an oth e r as co lo u r o f sea
”

”
c o ve re d with gol de n fishe s .
4

T he G o dd e s s I si s is de n o m i n at e d n o t o n ly “
Lady o f
6 ”
t he B e gi n n i n g
“
Lady O f t he E m e rald b u t al so
”
an d ,

“
Lady Of t he Tu rq u o i se an d she i n vo ke s O si ri s as the
,
”

“
G o d O f Tu rq u o i s e an d Lapi s Laz u li With Tu rq u o i se .

Q 1
M p 9 u een oo , . 0.
2
Ibid .

3 l
U tra m a r i ne = “
b e yon d th e s ea .

1
‘
Cin dere lla , pp 3 59 . 1 0, 1 , 18 1, 2 50 .

5
E v e rg re e n i mm t li ty or a .
 CI ND ERE LLA
is thy with Lapi s Laz u li t he fi n e st o f Lapi s
h ai r twi n e d an d ,

La z ul i LO t he Lapi s Laz u l i is ab o ve thy h ai r

” 1
.

In t he sym bolic m o saic with which t he fai r Sh u lam ite

hails Ki n g S o lo m o n he is d e sc rib e d as bright ivo ry o ve r
,

t he b l u e o f t he sapphi re h avi n g
2 ”
laid with sapphire s , ‘

dUub tle ss t he sa m e sig n ific ati o n as t he de e p bl ue O f Lapi s

Laz ul i .

A traditi o n al e pith e t fo r M IN ERV A t he G re e k Go dde ss ,

t he b l ue —
”
Of Wi s do m w as ,
e ye d ma id an d in t he st o ry O f ,

t he de sc e n t o f t he Su n KA MA LA MIT RA work s o u t his fa te , ,

“
sp u r red fo rward by t he ir re si stib le blue l ight in t he e ye s
O f Shri Wh e n Shri m e e t s he r lo ve r in thi s u n de r -w o rld
.
,

she ba th e s him in a fl ood of blue c o l o u r fro m her w o n dro u s

e ye s , an d l o o ki n g to ward s hé r KA MA LA MITRA fi n d s t he ,

whol e wo rl d van i s h in a m i st of blue Wh e n n e xt he m e t .

he r it i s r elate d th at t he bl u e co l o u r O f S H R I S wo n d ro us
’
~
,

e ye s sh o t fro m th e m an d stream i n g abo ut the ro o m ,

i ll um i n ate d it with t he glo ry of t he se tti n g s un .

“
The b e au ty o f C IN DERELLA l ight s u p t he whole ro o m ,

a nd S H R I like C IN D ER ELL A - s hi n es l ik e t he
,
It is
, ,

too al mo st a traditi o n th at t he Pri n ce ss o f Fairylan d shall

,

have bl u e e ye s an d h air l ike a wate rfall o f go lde n Light .

Black t he hu e Of an o th e r o f Ci n de r e lla s ro b e s is n o w
,
’

t he sy m bo l Of e vi l b ut e vid e n tly it had o rigi nally a go o d

,

s ig n ific ati o n I S IS w as at tim e s re p re se n t e d as black an d

.
,

D IA N A t he Go dde ss Of Light w as re pre se n te d in difle re n tly

’

, ,

as whit e a n d b lack Dr I N MA N wh o se e ye s we re fasci n a te d

.
,

by phall ici sm attrib u te s wh at was Obvi o u sly a sacre d black

,

n e ss to an i n d e c e n t an d o n his pa rt i magi n ary o rigi n I

“
, , ,

h ave he says so ught in vai n fo r e ve n a plausible re aso n

,
”

fo r t he b lack n e ss o f sacr e d virgi n s an d chi l d re n in c e rtai n

1
B u r de n f Is is
o ,
p .
55 .

2
S ong of S ol o mo n 14 v
. .

3
Cin de re ll a , pp
242, 333. .

V OL . I
.
2 14 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
Papal Sh ri n e s which is c o m p atibl e with de c e n cy an d
,

Ch ri sti a n ity It is cle ar tha t t he ma tte r will no t b e ar t he

.
,

light .
”
1

Bu t th e re is n o i n d e c e n cy ab o u t bl ack n e ss an d it s m e an ,

in g is e as ilv acc e ss ibl e I t w as a sym bo l O f t he D ivi n e

“
.

D ark o f I n s c ru tability O f Sil e n c e a n d o f Et e rn i ty

”
It w as
, , .

e sse n ti a l ly o n e o f t he h u e s O f Wi s d o m an d w as th u s u n d e r

s t o o d by M i l t o n w ho re fe rri n g t o Cas s i o p e i a write s

, , ,

G dd ss sag an d h ly o e ,
e o
,

W h se sai t ly v isage is t o o b righ t

o n

T O hit t he se n se f h um an si ght o

A n d t he re fo re t o ur w e ke v i e w o a r

O e rlaid w it h b lac k t id Wi dom h

’ ’ ” 2
,
s a s s ue .

M an y Of t he go d s a n d go dd e sse s Of t he pas t h ave bee n

p t ay d
o r r e a s d l
u a h u e dL—White to sig n ify Ti m e an d Bla ck
-

t o d e n o te Et e rn ity White fo r Day an d Bl ack fo r N ight, .

N ight t he M o th e r o f all thi n gs w as portraye d in a s tarry

, ,

ve i l h o l di n g in he r arm s t w o child re n o n e white t he o ther

, , ,

black T he Egypti an s wo rs hippe d t he Great Spirit as

.

‘
E n dle ss Ti m e an d Ete rn ity T he c o l o u r O f K R IS H N A
”
.

”
w as bl u e an d his n a me m e a n s Bl ue black OS IR IS like
“ - .
, ,

HO R US was so m e ti m e s bl ack an d so m e ti m e s white

,
3
AP IS .
,

t he sac re d o x w as bl ack with a whiti s h s po t r e se m bli n g a

,

m o on ‘
A M
. U N -KNEPT H t he u n m an ife st Divi ne Wi sd o m , ,

w as d e sc rib e d a s a thric e u n k n o w n
dark n ess tran sc e n di n g

all i n te ll e ct ual an d t he an c 1e n t Hi n d o o Sta nz a s

D s p eak o f t he Whit e B rilli an t So n o f t he Dark

o
f z y an

Hidde n Fath e r T he Gre e k wo rd fo r da rkness 1s hnep h

.
6

1
Pg a Sy m b li m A W I m
an p 8 o s ,
. . n an , . 0.
2
Il Pe n se r os o .

3
S ign s a nd Symbols o f Primo rdia l Ma n , A . W . C h urc h wa rd, pp . 27,

1
Le m p rie re .

3
S a cre d My s teries a mong th e May a s , l
Le P on g eo n , p .
53
.

3
The S ta n z a : o f D aya n , p .
30 .
 CI N D ERE LLA 2 15

a ias, which m u s t b e alli e d t o KNEPH t he p ri m e val Dark ,

n e ss th a t w a s o n t he fac e O f t he De e p
”
Th e re is in G o d .
,

say s Va u gh an t he E n gli s h m y s tic a d e e p a n d d az z li n g

, ,

dark n e ss an d it is u n do u bte dl y with thi s D ivi n e Black

,

that t he go ds an d go dde sse s Of an tiq u ity we re fre q u e n tly

o ve rl a id I says t he fai r B rid e o f t he S o n g Of S o l o m o n
.
,
”

a m bl ack b u t c o m e ly as t he tents O f Ke d ar an d as t he
”
“ 1
,

curta ins o f S o l o m o n— a p assage th at m a b e c o m p a re d with

y
I saia h s re fe re n c e t o t he De ity th at st re tch e th o u t t he
’
“

he ave n s like a curta in an d sp re ade th th e m o u t as a tent to ,

dwe ll in .
” 2

No t o n l y w as C IN DER ELLA ro be d so m e ti me s fro m h ead

t o f o o t in black b u t it is an al m o s t u n iv e rsal f ea t u r e O f t he
,

s to ry th a t s he s it s by t he s t o v e a n d b l ack e n s he r fac e with

so o t o r a s h e s
3
Si m ilarly in masc uli n e ve rsi o n s Ce n drillo t
.
,
”
is d esc rib e d as bl ack as a swe e p an d alw ay s by t he s to v e
“ ‘
.

”
Ci n d e re lla s n ick n ame is so m e ti me s so o ty fac e an d o n e
’
“
,

ve rsi o n re l ate s ho w t he P ri n c e t e ars O ff he r di sgu i se an d

4
di sc o ve rs be n eath t he so o t a h e ave n ly face .

NO man says I S IS has lifte d m y ve il a n d I S IS

“
“ ”

, , ,

like C IN D ERELLA is n o t i n fre q u e n tly e n v e ile d in m i s t

,
.

Wh e n h ard pre sse d s he fl e e s e xcl a i m i ng : The m i st is “

be hi n d m e t he m i s t is b e fo re m e G o d s s un is abo ve m e
’ ”
.
, ,

At an o th e r ti m e it is M i s t be hi n d n o bo dy see s wh e n ce ,

Ic o m e an d all th at t he P ri n ce see s whe n p u rs u i n g he r is

,

so m e thi n g lik e t he l o ng b ea m o f as ho o ti n g star th ro u gh

den se m i st So m e ti m e s she e xclai ms

.

Light b f e b hi n d m e dark e or , e ,

W hit h r I rid man shall m k e e no ar .

1
5 1. . I i h x1 sa a . 2 2.
3
Th m i g wi th h i p b b ly ym li
e s ear n b f m th —
i g Ik w
as es s ro a s o c o so e n no

no t wh t T h Hi da . i v k S h iw e t lly m d w i th h
n oos n o e a,
“
ac ua s e a re as e s,
”
as
“
t h t t i mph
a t L d wh
r u t d i my t i an m d i t ti
or hy p l o s an s n s e r o us e a on as a e,

pp i g t th l ft i —A E ”
a ear n w m od t t h geh t e m as a f
o an a n o e r as a an . n s sen ce o

th De k F W B i
us p 3,
. . Ci d ll
a n, pp 24 85 4 52
. .
1 n er e a, . 2 ,
2 , .
2 16 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
At o th e r s s he cri e s pleadi n gly
o ut

Dark n e ss b e hin d m e light ,

on m y w ay,
C arry me , c arr
y m e ho m e
,
to

Wh e n p urs ue d by u n de si rable s she flings o ve r he r sh o ulde r

a whit e v e il wo ve n O f m i s t re n d e ri n g h e rs e lf i n vi sibl e an d , ,

o cc as i o n ally s he thw art s he r p u r s u e rs by thr o wi n g b al l s o r

bags o f m i s t and by scatte ri n g ha n dfu l s O f pearl s an d j e we l s 1

.

O f t he riddl e s pu t t o t he pri n ce by t he Slav M aid with

t he g o ld e n h air o n e is Fi re c an n o t light m e bru sh c an n o t
, ,

s w e e p m e n o p ai n t e r c a n p a i n t m e n o hidi n g pl ac e se c u r e
, ,
-

”
me .The lo ve r c o rre ct ly an swe r s S un shi ne The , .

m aId th e n p u t s h im a no th e r riddl e : “
I e xi ste d b e fo re t he
creati on O f A DA M I am always ch an gi ng in s u cce ss io n t he .

t wo c o l o u rs o f m y d re ss Th o u san d s o f years h ave go ne .

”
by b u t I h ave re m ai n e d u n al te re d both in c o lo u r an d fo rm
,
.

Why says t he P ri n c e yo u m u s t b e Ti m e i n cl udi ng

,
“ ‘
, ,
2
day a n d n ight Thi s is adm itte dly t he co rre ct an swe r
.
’ ”

an d a mo n g t he a n ci e n t s Ti m e w as an att rib u t e an d as p e ct
, ,

o f t he D e ity The Pe rs i an s c all e d Him

.
“
Ti m e with o u t
”
bo u n ds o r Bo u n dl e ss Ti m e an d t he Egypti an s spo ke
“
, ,

O f H im a s The Gre a t Gre e n O n e E n dle ss Ti me an d

“
, ,
” ’
Et e rn ity The t wo alte rn ativ e c o l o u r s o f t he M aid e n s
.

d re s s a reas t he p ri n c e g ue sse d t he garb o f Ti m e i n cl u di n g day ,

a n d n ight da b e i n g whit e a n d n ight b e i n g bl ack Wi s do m

y , ,

alt e rn at e ly v e i l e d a n d u n ve il e d m an if e s t an d i n sc r u tabl e ,
.

In fig 4 8 5 ( a nte p 2 0 9) I S IS t he D u ck is s e e n fl o ati ng o n
.
, .
.

t he p ri m e val wat e rs an d s u rr o u n di n g he r is a cl o ck di al t he, ,

Fac e Of Ti me In t he b egi n n i n g say t he Sta nz a s of Dzya n

.
, ,

T he Ete r n al Pare n t w rapp e d in her Eve r-I n vi sibl e Ro be s

had sl u m b e re d o n c e agai n fo r Sev en C e n t u ri e s Ti me was .

Ci d 1
l l pp 32 3 3 5 33
n e re 4 8a, O v i t f th i
.
, pl t d
2 , 1, 1 . ne ar an o s co u e rea s,

Whit b f d bl k b h i d N b dy h ll
e e o re an wh Ig
ac Ci d e ll n o o s a se e e re o .
” - n ere a,

,
p 47 6
. .

2
S la v Ta l es , pp . 2 2 8, 2 29 .
 CI ND ERE LLA 2 17

fo r it lay as l e e p in t he I n fi n ite B o so m O f Du rati o n

” 1
n o t, It .

will b e n o tic e d th at t he characte rs o n thi s cl o ck Face c o n si s t

O f t he C ro ss O f L ight a n d t he fig u re I , re ad a bl e as e ith e r I s i s

or J e su s In fig 4 94 t he c lo ck h a n d co n si st s o f t he Fleur de
. .

Lys o f L ight a n d t he h e art o f Lo ve a n d In t he c e n t re o f ,

fig 4 9 5 th e re app e ars in lie u o f han d s a sev enfo ld fl am e o r

.

clo u d O n e o f t he fi rst e xp e ri e n c es o f K o m e n sky s P ilgri m

.
’

u p o n q u itti n g t he l abyri n th O f thi s wo rld a n d b e h o ldi n g

thi ngs th ro u gh t he sp e ctacl e s o f t he H o ly Spi rit is t he

vi sio n Of a c lo ck A s tran ge light pe rvade s e v e ryt hingt an d
.

what pre vi o u sly had app eare d to b e b u t C HA O S fall s i n to a ,

rhyth m ic we ll o rde re d syste m The see m i n gly m e an in g

,
- .

le ss an d sca tte re d whe e l s Of life u n ite i n to t he fo rm O f an

i n strume n t s i m ilar to a clo ck which S ho ws t he co u rse o f the
,

wo rld a nd it s divi n e g u idan c e I b e h e l d says K o m e n s ky

.
, ,

t he w o rl d b e fo r e m e as a vas t clock w o rk fas hi o n e d o u t o f ,

dive rs vi sibl e a n d i n vi sible mate ri al s an d it was wh o lly

glassy tran spare n t, an d fragi l e It had tho usand s n ay
,
.
, ,

tho u sa n d s o f tho usan ds o flarge r an d sm all e r c o l u m n s wh e e l s

, , ,

h o o ks te eth d e n ts an d all th e se m o ve d an d work e d to ge th e r

, , , ,

so m e S il e n tly s o m e with m u ch ru s tli n g an d r attl i n g O f div e rs

,

fas hio n s In t he m iddle o f all s to o d t he l arg est p ri n cipal

.
, ,

e t Inv ISIb le wh e e l fro m it t he v ari o u s m o tio n s of t he O th e r s

y
p ro c ee de d in so m e u n fath o mable man n e r For t he p o we r .

St fDy
1 p 18
a nz a s o a a n, . .
2 18 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
o f wh e e l p e n e tra te d th ro ugh all thi n gs a n d di rect e d
t he ,

e ve ryt h i n g Ho w thi s was d o n e I w as n o t i n d e e d abl e

.
, ,

fu lly t o fa th o m ; b u t th at it w as t ru ly do n e I saw v e ry ,

cl e arly an d e vide n tly No w thi s app e are d to m e bo th

.
,

wo n d ro u s a n d m o st de lightf ul : th o ugh all th e se wh e el s

S h o o k c o n ti n ually a n d so m e ti m e s van i sh e d fo r a ti m e— fo r
,

t he t e e th a n d d e n t s a n d e ve n t he wh e e l s a n d littl e c o l u m n s
, ,

w e re so me ti m e s di s pl ac e d an d fe ll t o pi e c e s— ye t t he ge n e ral
m o ve m e n t n e ve r s to ppe d ; fo r by so m e w o n d ro u s co n t riv
a n c e O f thi s se c re t di re cti o n all th at was w a n ti n g w as e ve r

re pla c e d fill e d u p r e n e w e d
, ,
.

“
I wi l l sp e a k mo re cl early : I saw t he gl o ry o f G o d ,

a n d ho w h e av e n a n d e arth a n d t he aby ss a n d all th at c a n b e

, ,

i magi n e d b e yo n d t he wo rld as far as t he e n dl e ss li m it s O f

e t e r n ity w e re f u ll o f H is p o w e r a n d divi n ity
,
I saw ho w .

H is o m n ipo t e n c e p e n e trate d e ve rythi n g an d w as t he fo u n ,

dati o n o f all thi n gs ; th at all th at be fe ll in t he wh o le wide

wo rld w as acco rdi n g t o H is will t he small e st thi n gs an d ,

t he g re a t e s t th at also I saw .

Ti m e o r t he A n ci e n t O f D ay s in the S e m itic is RA a ,

wo rd id e n tifi e d by Le Plo n ge o n with t he M ayan LA mean i n g ,

“
th at which ha s e xi ste d fo r e ve r : T he Ete rn al Tru th .
” l

RA say s D r Ch u rchward is c all e d t he ag ed o n e o f t he

“
, ,
”
c o n fi n e s O f t he M o u n t o f Gl o ry I S IS w as t he Mi s t re ss .
2

o f t he M o u n ta i n t he div in e
,
”
Lady Of t he M o un d / 3
In
’

fai ry tale t he Maid w ith t he G o ld e n H ai r an d t he wo n de r

-

fu l e y e s O f bl u e is plac e d n o t i n freq u e n tly o n t he su m m it o f

‘
a c ry s ta l m o u n t a i n Th e re is a Hi n do o l e ge n d th at t he
.

Lo rd o f Ti m e dwe ll s o n a t ran sce n d e n t m o u n tai n wh o se

s u m m it gl o w s lik e a t o n g ue O f fl a m e at s u n s e t an d t o ward s ,

1
S a cred My ste ries a mo ng the May as , p .
54
.

2
S ig n s
'

and Sy mbols of Pr imordia l Al a n , p .

347 .

3
Ibid ,
. p
123 . .

4
Cin de rella , pp
447 , 4 52 . .
 CI ND ERE LLA
which t he Se ve n Stars o f t he Gre at Be ar t u rn th e i r e ye s .

The Slav p easa n t s w ho h ave a fai ry tal e ab o u t thi s c rys tal

,
-

m o u n t ai n say th a t a fire b u rn s with o u t c e asi n g u p o n it s

,

s u m m it . A ro u n d thi s fire S it twe lve G re at B e i n gs— t he

twe lve m o n th s— an d in t he ce n t re O f t he fl am e is an age d
m a n with l o n g white b eard a n d bald h e ad Ma n said .
,

t he A n ci e n t o f Day s a dd re s si n g a n i n q u i s itiv e h u m an vi s it o r
, ,

wast e n o t thy life h e re re tu rn to thy c o ttage w o rk an d ,

live h o ne stly Take as m an y e m be rs as tho u wilt w e h ave

.

m o re th an w e n e e d Th e n h avi n g said thi s he di sapp e are d

”
.
,

a n d t he twe lv e B e i n g s fill e d a l arge sack with e m b e rs which ,

th e y pu t u po n t he p o o r man s sh o u lde rs a n d advi se d him to

’

h a st e n h o m e .
1

To a pp re ci a te t he s ig n ific an c e o f Ci n d e re ll a s s u p e rn at u ral
’

garm e n t s o n e m ay re fe r with advan tage t o a G n o stic p o e m

i ncl u de d a m o ng t he ap o c ryphal A cts of Thoma s the Ap ostle .

Th e se ve rse s k n o w n ge n e rally as The Hymn of the Soul o r

,

The Hymn of the Robe of G lory h ave h o we ve r n o thi n g t o do, , ,

with t he o rigi n al G re e k te xt o f the Act s O f Th o m as

an d th e i r s ty l e a n d c o n t e n t s are q u it e fo re ig n t o
( A D
. .

t he c o n te xt Mr G R S M EA D th e i r m o s t re c e n t e dito r
. . . .
, ,

d e sc ribe s th e m as m a n ife s tly an i n de p e n de n t d o c u m e n t

i n co rp o rate d by t he Syri an re dacto r in t he n aiv e fas hi o n
us ual with su ch c o m pil ati o n s
2
.

The Hymn of the Robe of G lory in m an y r e s p e cts a Sy ri a n

,

ve rs i o n o f t he D escent of the Sun co nsiSt s Of 10 5 c o u pl e ts

, ,

a n d is a m asc u li ne vari an t o f I s ht ar s d e sc e n t i n t o t he
’

u n d e r-wo rld The H ea ve n ly P are n t s d e cid e t o d e spa tch

.

th e i r so n o n an ard u o us q ue s t fo r a c e rtai n Pe arl which ,

l yi n g in t he s ea is guarde d by a lo u d-br eathi n g se rp e n t

, .

Fo r thi s p u rp o se t he Bo y is d e prive d of his ki n gly a ppare l ,

a n d is p ro m i se d th at o n his re t u rn with t he p e arl h is

1
S la v Ta les , 7 .

2
The Hy mn of th e Robe f G lo ry , G
o . R S
. . Me a d , p . 10 .
2 20 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL ISM
mag n ific e n t garme n t s sh al l b e re sto re d to him He desc e n ds .

t o t he la n d o f B A B EL— a wo rd which LE P LON G EON d e rive s

fro m M aya wo rds me an i n g c u s to m w ay o f o u r a n ce sto rs 1
, ,

i e c o n ve n ti o n
. . take s l o dgi n gs n ear t he lo u d-bre athi ng
s e rp e n t a n d aw ait s a n o pp o rt u n ity t o w in t he p e arl .

Lo n w as I t he re ye all lo n e ly
e
,
a,

T my fello w -l dge rs a st ran ge r

o o .

Bu t grad u ally t he na tives O f B a b e l l u re the b o y i n to

fo rge tf ul n e ss Of his high o rigi n a n d o f his m i ssi o n an d fro m ,

t he w e ight O f th e i r vict u al s he san k i n t o a pro fo u n d sl e e p .

M e an ti me t he Pare n ts p e rc e ivi n g all th at was h app e n i n g

, ,

gre w an xio us an d addre sse d a le tte r to th e i r So n Up an d .

’
ari se f ro m thy sl e e p re m e m b e r th a t th o u art a Ki n g s So n
, ,

se e wh o m th o u h a s t se rve d in thy slav e do m b e thi n k thy se lf ,

o f t he p e arl re m e m b e r th g l o ri o u s ro b e thy Spl e n did

, y ,

M an tl e r e m e m b e r Wh e re u p o n c o n ti n u e s t he sto ry, ,

I sn at c he d up t he Pe a rl
And t urn e d t o t he Ho use o f m Fat he r
y
T h ir filt hy a d un c le n garme n t s
e n a

I st ripp d Off an d le ft in t he ir c o un t ry
e .

T t he w ay t hat I c ame I b e t o k m e
o o
,

T t he light f o u r Ho m t t he Daw n lan d

o o e o .

H is wo n d e rf u l be is re t ur n e d t o him an d he an d his Pearl

ro

a re re c e ive d with rej o ici n g at t he co u rt o f his R o yal F ath e r .

Wi sdo m is p ro v e rbi ally n o t o n ly an e xc e ll e n t j e we l b u t ,

t he P e arl O f G re at Price The m o n u m e n t s o f Egypt c al l

.

p re ci o u s sto n e s h ard s to n e s o f Tru th an d t he p e arl ha s ,

” 2

al w ay s b e e n a sy m b o lic ne p lus ultra do u bt l e ss by r e aso n O f ,

t he n um e r o u s an al o gi e s e xi s ti n g b e tw e e n it an d T ru th It .

w as o n c e s u pp o se d th at o y st e rs c ame to t he s u rfac e d u ri n g
n ight t im e a n d Op e n e d th e i r s h e l l s i n t o which fe l l d e wdr o p s
-
,

1
Q M p 34
u ee n oo , . .

2
Th S i e fC p d
c enc e o E M d l y p 363
o rres on en ce , . a e e , . .
 CI ND ERE LLA
that t u rn e d i n to p e arl s T he P earl was c e rtai n ly regarde d .

as a s y m b o l o f t he S o ul o r Spirit lyi n g e n ca se d withi n t he

h u man body Th e re was a ti me says Plat o wh e n w e

.
, ,
‘
we re n o t ye t su n k i n to thi s to m b which n o w we b ear ,
’

abo u t with u s an d call it bo dy bo u n d fast ( to it) like ’

,
“
Oyste r ( to it s 1
Th e re is as Bro w n i n g say s an i n m o st , ,
”
c e n tre in u s all wh e re Tru th abide s in f ull n e ss an d t he
‘

pe arl be 1n g sph e ric al— a ve ry p e rfe ct o rb O f su p re me l o ve

lin e ss — it was fo r thi s additi o n al reaso n do u btl e ss adopte d
’

as a sy mbol o f P e rfe cti o n It i s p ro ve rbi al that n o t o n ly are

.

t he lip s o f k n o w l e dge a p re ci o u s j e w e l b u t th at Wi sdo m is ,

h e rse lf Pe rfe cti o n an d l ead s he r fo llo we rs to Pe rfe cti o n The .

n u m b e r se ve n so c o n s t an tl y a sso ci a t e d with Wi sd o m was by

, ,
”
O ld w rit e rs cal l e d t he n um b e r O f P e rfe ctio n Chri st l ike n e d .

H eave n t o a Pe arl o f Great P ric e an d t he t we lve gate s o f ,

t he Ne w J e r u sal e m w e re said t o b e t w elv e pe arls

’

e ve ry
”
se ve ral gat e w as o f o n e p e arl Ble sse d is t he man
“
.
,

say s Wi sdo m that h eare th m e watchi n g daily at my gate s

, , ,

wa iti n g at t he p o sts of my doo rs Fo r wh o so fin det h m e .

fin de t h life
”
. Wi sdo m is i n d e e d always co n n e cte d with
t he Pe rfe ct P e arl a n d she is e q uall y associ ate d with t he
,

Gate ways o f H eave n .

S o m e ti m e s Ci n de re lla is c all e d P REC IO SA ; an d fai ri e s 6

”
le ad her t o a go lde n p o rt al wh e r e a go ld s tar light s u p o n ,

1
Ph a dru s ( 2 50 p l Co m a re a so

Livi g f i d b w i dd y
n r en s, e se , a n r

St i gh t w y v y w pi g y ra a e er ee n e e.

W h t y li ft p t h b i a e u on e er

I t w th i gl t
s no or a s n e e a r.

Ti m p ty ’
h ll s an e s ea -s e , o ne

O t f w h i h t h pe l i g
u o; c e ar s one

Th h ll i b k it l i th
e s e s ro e n, es e re

Th p l t h ll t h l ih
e ea r , e a , e sou , s e re .
—A NON .

2
Ch i ti
r s Sy mb li m Hulm p
an o s , e, . 11 .

3
R v l ti
e e a xxi 2 1
on . . P v ‘
1
ro e rb s viii .
—
34 35 .

5
Ci d e ll
n er pp 62 63 2 16 247 348 349
a, . 1 ,
1 , , , , .
222 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL ISM
he r bro w . ks f ro m he r Fath e r a pearl d re ss witho u t
She as

slit o r s e a m She l e t s d o w n he r h ai r an d s h a ke s o u t sh o we rs
o f p earl s S he is cl o th e d fro m h e ad t o fo o t with n e ckl ac e s o f
b rill ia n ts an d p re ci o u s sto n e s a n d ge m s fall fro m he r lip s wh e n
,
”
she sp ea k s At ti m e s she wear s a diamo n d d re ss o r a
.
,

go ld d re ss t ri mm e d with di a mo n d s o r a ro be o f silk th re ad ,

thick with diam o n d s an d p e arl s Acco rdi ng t o The Hymn .

v t t f e Ki n g s S o n w as Of
’
o the Robe o
f f G lor
y t h e e s m,
e n o t h
go ld ti ss u e with j e we l s e n c ru ste d an d it s sea m s w e re ,

fas t e n e d with adama n ti n e j e we l s ( i e di am o n d s

) a
1
. .
,

de sc ripti o n i n viti n g c o m p ari so n with Ci n de re ll a s d re ss o f ’

s ilk th re ad thick with di a m o n d s an d p e arl s .

The R o b e o f Gl o ry is f u rth e r s p e cifie d as all be spa n gl e d

with S parkli n g spl e n do u r o f c o lo urs an d as w ro u ght in “ ”

a m o tl e y o f c o l o u r
”
Si m ilarly C IN D ERELLA has a dre ss
.
2
,

o f a ll c o l o u rs s p e cifi e d so m e ti m e s a s wo n derf ul
”

,
a
” ”
sci n till a ti n g dre ss of ,
s pl e n d o u r p ass i n g de sc ripti o n .

A no the r ve rs i o n graphically re c o rd s t he glitte r Of he r ro be

”
as
“
like t he c urli ng O f a s tream in t he su n 3
.

Bu t p e rh ap s t he m o st s t riki n g o f th e se c o i n cid e n c es is
t he m u sical p ro p e rti e s o f t he R o b e O f Gl o ry The 90 t h .

c o u pl e t o f The Hymn reads

I he ard t he so u n d o f it s m usic
W hic h it w hispe re d as it de sc e n de d .

Si m ilarly Ci n de re lla has a d re ss that ri ngs lik e a be ll as she

,

c o m e s do wn st ai rs Thi s re markabl e garm e n t is de sc rib e d

.

as c o ve re d with littl e b e ll s an d ch ai n s O f go ld At ti m e s it .

“ ”
is a d re ss of chi m e s an d at o th e rs a ro be Of go lde n
b e ll s
.
”
Th e se go lde n chim e s i m m e diate ly su gge st t he
1

1
The Ro be f
o G lo ry , 2 6, 7o .

2
Ibid .
, 26 .

3
Cin der el la , pp . 27 2,3 13, 39 6, 40 1 .

4
Ibid , PP . . I94 . 19 5, 2 58. 32 1
 CI ND ERE LLA 22 3

si s t ru m o f t he G o dd e ss I S IS T he si s tru m an i n st ru m e n t .
,
.

o f littl e o lde n b e lls which wh e n sh a k e n ma d e m u s ic at

'

g , , ,

he r F e s tival s wa s a sy m b o l o f t he Aw ak e n e r
,
“
T he .

s i s t ru m says P l u tarch s h o w s th at t he thi n g s th a t a re

” “
, ,

m u s t b e sha hen a n d n e ve r cea se from motion b u t b e as it we re ,

”
s ti rre d u wh e n th e y sl u m b e r a n d are sl o t hfu l
1
p T h e .

pe n e trati n g so u n d o f R o l a n d s H o r n was au dibl e f u ll “ ’

fifte e n l e ag u e s away ; t he so u n d O f Ci n dere lla s go ld e n

” ’

”
b e ll s c o uld b e h eard two h u n d re d l e agu e s all ro u n d an d ,

th e i r ce asi ng t o ri n g was a s ig n Of m i sfo rt u n e 2

.

Acc o rdi n g t o a B re t o n ve r si o n O f C IN DERELL A n arrat e d ,

by a c abi n b o y thi rt e e n ye ars Of age C IN DERELL A S fath e r ,

’

o fle re d he r a d re ss lik e t he Stars lik e t he Su n like the

“
, ,
”
a d e sc ripti o n th a t m a e c o m p are d with S W EDEN
3
Light , y b
B O RG S acc o u n t Of t he rai m e n t o f t he an ge l s
’
A n ge l s he .
,

s ay s ,
are m e n a n d liv e t o g e th e r in so ci e ty lik e m e n o n
,

e arth th e y h ave garme n t s h o u se s a n d o th e r such thi n g s , , ,

diffe ri n g o n ly fro m e arthly thi n gs in that be i n g in a m o re ,

p e rfe ct state th e y e xi s t in gre ate r p erfe cti o n The garm e n t s

,
.

with which a n ge l s are cl o th e d like all o th er thi n g s abo u t ,

t h e m c o rres p o n d t o wh at is in th e i r m i n d s ; an d th e re fo re
,

t he y re ally e xi st Th e i r garm e n t s co rr esp o n d t o th e i r

.

In t e llige n c e an d s o a ll in t he h e ave n s are se e n clo th e d ‘

acc o rdi n g t o th e i r i n t e llige n c e ; a n d b e c au se so me e xc e l

o th e rs in i n t e llig e n c e th e re fo re t he y are m o re b eau tif u lly

,

cl ad T he garm e n t s o f t he m o st i n te llige nt gl o w like a fla me

.

o r gli s t e n lik e t he light

” 4
.

T o d raw t he S i m il arity s ti l l c l o s e r o n e m ay n o te th at ,

Ci n d e re lla s ro be is d e scribe d so m e ti me s as a magn ific e n t

’
“

d re ss of fla me at o th e r ti m e s like t he Su n t he glitt er o f
, ,
”
“
which p eo pl e can n ot at fi rst fac e like t he M o o n “
lik e ,
”

t he D aw n as wrought of all t he star s o f H e ave n

, t he ,
”

1
! i d O i i
s s an s r s. Ci d ll p 2
n e re a, . 20 1.
3
Ibid p 37 6 .
,
. . H d H ll 77 7S
1
ea v e n a n e ,
1 , I .
224 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL ISM
wo n de r o f wo n de rs wo ve n O f mo o n b eam s a n d wo ve n
,
”

o f s u n be am s
”
a n d o cc as i o n ally as so d az z li n g th at it has t o
,

b e c arri e d by re lays o f p age s

” 1
.

In t he ap o th e o si s o f t he S u n he is u s ual ly pict u re d as ,

drivi ng his fo u r st ee de d ch ari o t Sim ilarly Ci n de re lla is

- .
,

e q u ipp e d with a go lde n ch ari o t o r a sp le n did ch ari o t ” 2

.

Bu t as is m o re u s ual a n d app ro p ri a te he r tra diti o n al c o rt ege

, ,

is a c rys t al c o ach an d fo u r whit e h o rse s .

Ci n d ere lla ro be d Ap o ll o like with t he S u n light o cca

,
-
,

s io n all d o n s a m a n tl e m a d e o f t he s ki n s o f fi e ld m ic e
y ,

u n d e r whic h s he cl o a k s he r m ag n ific e n t ro b e s an d m a ki n g ,

h e rs e lf o f n o re p u tati o n se t s h e rself t o t he acco m pli s h m e n t

O f m e an an d e ve ryd ay t as k s In t he T e m p l e s o f APOLLO it
.

was u s ual t o m a i n ta i n whit e m ic e which w e re re ga rde d as ,

sac re d t o t he S u n go d a n d Smintheus t he M o u se was o n e o f

,

t he app e ll ati o n s o f Ap o ll o T he G re e k s t h e mse lve s we re

.

ign o ran t o f t he o rigi n O f thi s asso ciati o n o f APOLLO an d a

m o u se a n d m o d e rn savan t s are e q u ally at a l o ss t o e xpl ai n
,

it N u m e ro u s i n st an c e s m ight b e add u c e d in which a H e ro

.

o r H e ro i n e s to o p s t o a t e rm o f se rvit u d e b e fo r e fu lfilli n g an

e xal te d d e s ti n y APOLLO t e n d e d t he fl o cks o f AD MET US an d

.

se rve d LA O MEDON fo r a w age ; H ERCU L ES w as fo r twe lve

ye ars in t he se rvic e o f E U RYST H EUS afte r which he b e came ,

i m mo rtal ; S A RG ON was a garde n e r s b o y an d SOLO MON a ’

sc u l l i o n T he m o u se b e i n g t he m e an est an d sm alle st o f t he
.

a n i mal w o rld it ma h av e s e rv e d as a sym b o l O f t he h u m bl e

y ,

p o sit io n which APOLLO had o n c e fill e d an d to which he was ,

co n c e ive d as b e i n g willi n g to agai n de sce n d If thi s we re .

so ,
it w as si m ply a p ro to type o f t he spl e n do u r o f t he
.

i mmo rtal L ight i n c arn ati n g in a stable at B e thle h e m A s .

t he D e a n o f Ely re c e n tly o b s erve d t h e re is n o d an ge r o f ,

lo we ri n g G o d Eve n b e fo re t he I n carn ati o n m e n could

.

353. 368. 37 6, 39 6. 4 13
1
Cin de re lla » PP 80 . 167 .
2
Ibid ,
. pp 2 85, 406
. .
 CI ND ERE LLA
reali se t he i n c o m parable e xalte d n e ss an d i n co m p arable
”
con de sce n si o n which m e e t in G o d .

T he a n ci e n t s c o nce 1v e d th e i r divi n iti e s n o t as su p e r

mu n dan e b e i n gs Of a di ffe re n t c alibre fro m m an ki n d b u t as ,

s to o pi n g sym p a th e tic ally an d n o t i n f re q u e n tly t o do n t he

m o u se sk in o f h u man ity
”
C o m e m y b e l o ve d
. say s , ,
“
SOLO MON t o his Bride le t u s go forth i n to t he fi e l d let us
,

In I n dian m ytholo gy GA N ESA t he G o d of Wi sdo m is , ,

re pre se n te d as ele ph an t-h ead e d a n d with his fo o t u po n a ,

mo u se h e re aga i n t he ide a i n te n de d p ro bably b e ing th at

, ,

He em brac e s t he wh o le gam u t o f cr eati o n fro m t he great e st

t o t he l e ast . In E G Y P T t he m o u se w as sac re d t o H O RUS ,

t he savi o u r G o d o f L ight ?
No t o nly do e s C IN D ER ELLA cl o ak h e r se lf u n d e r a man tl e
o f m o u se sk in b u t am o n g he r di sgu i se s is t he hid e o f an ass
, .

The Ass u p o n which Ch ri s t ro d e i n to J e ru sal e m is pro

v e rb iall t h e m bl e m o f H u m ilit d t h A s -s ki n
y e
y ; an e s

m a n tl e may b e ide n tifi e d as t he cloak o f h u m ility .

S o m e ti m e s t he st o ry o f C IN DERELLA is k n o w n as The
”
H earth Cat 3
,
a n d t he h e r o i n e ro b e s h e r se lf in a m an tl e

m ad e fro m t he s ki ns o f c at s The Egypti a n s figu re d a cat

.

with a h u man fac e o n t he arch o f t he sistrum a n d u se d t he ,

sa me w o rd MA U t o d e n o t e b o th ca t an d li ht
‘
g I n he r .

as p e ct o f t he H earth Cat C IN D ER ELL A e vide n tly c o rre s p o n d s

‘
with t he Ro m an c o n c e pti o n o fV ESTA t he G o dde ss o f H e arth 1
,

a n d H o me . V e sta was re p re se n t e d as ve il e d an d he r ,

Te m p l e was b u ilt in t he fo rm o f t he R o u n d o f P e rfe cti o n .

Th at C IN D ERELLA was ide n tifi e d with t he H e arth Go dd e ss

1
S o ng of S ol omon vii . 1 1.
2
Cus tom a nd My th ,
A La n g,
. pp . 113, 116.
3
Cin de rel la , p
34 1 . .

1
Re n o uf, H ibbe rt Lectures , p . 2 37 .
5
T he w o rd he a r th, i
a c c o rd n g to Pa yn e - K ight n , is fro m HERTHA th e
G e rman na me fo r th e G o dde ss V E TAS .
226 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL IS M
is to i n fe rre d fro m t he li ne s which are pu t i n t o he r m o u th
be
“
Mi s t be fo r e m e m i s t be hi n d m e G o d Al m ighty ab o ve
, ,

me L ittle ange l s gu ardian an ge l s p ro te ct t he h o u se , ,

whil st Im away The an ci e n t s c o n c e ive d t he Magna

1
’ ”
.

Ma ter as t he great Wo rkw o man a n d it was said o f Wi sdo m , ,

”
s w e e tly d o th s he o rd e r all thi n gs C IN D ERELLA S n am e ’
2
.

Lu c REz IA fu rth e r id e n tifi e s he r as t he Go dd e ss O f H o m e

L ife No t O nIy w as Lu c REz IA t he R o man m atro n pro
'

.
, ,

v e rb ially a pa tt e rn O f i mmac u l at e ch astity b u t she was ,

al so t he id e al h o u se k e e p e r a n d wh e n s u m m o n e d by h e r ,

c o ve re d h o me em p lo ye d m id s t Of fe male
“
at in t he he r
se rvan ts
”
an d ea sin
g their la bour by sha rin
g it herse f
l .

The wo rd s ital ici se d a re a c l u e of t o t he m e a n i n g

C IN DERELLA S s ho e s which are so m e ti m e s de sc rib e d as o f
’

so m e ti m e s as o f go ld
“ “
blue glass so m e ti m e s a s
” ”
, Su n ,

s ho e s so m e ti m e s a s p e arl -e m b ro id e re d o r sp an gl e d with
,
”
j e we ls an d so m e ti me s as matchle ss
,
.
4

T he m e a n i n g o f th e se m i rac u l o u s s h o e s which are ,

graphical ly de scribe d as bo u n di n g to ward s Ci n d e re lla s fo o t ’

”
like iro n t o a magn e t may p e rh ap s b e e licite d f ro m ,
5

t he Concorda nce t o t he w riti n gs o f E m a n u e l Sw e d e n b o rg

6
.

Sh o es say s Swe de n bo rg c o rre sp o n d to t he l o we st

,
”
“
,

n at u ral thi n gs an d t h e so l e s b eau tif u lly s h o d

, are

e m b l e m atic o f t he l o v e o f m aki n g o n e se lf u s e f u l Th e .

de si re o f b e i n g h el pfu l is t he ke y no te o f C IN DERELLA S ’

ch aracte r a n d t he fo u n tai n o f all he r go o d fo rt u n e The .

tale ge n eral ly o p e n s by C IN DERELL A an d he r t w o st e p

s i s t e rs m e e ti n g a n a n i m al a fai ry o r an O ld m a n w ho , , ,

i m plo re s th e m fo r so m e m ean se rvic e The p ro u d si st e rs .

,

Pride an d Se lfishn e ss h aughtily de cli n e b ut C IN D ERELLA , , ,

1
Cin dere l la , p .
42 1 .
2
W i s do m of So l
o mo n viii . I
.

2
Le m r ere pi .
4
Cinde rel l a , p .
5 16 .

5
Ibid , 161
. p . .
5
A rt S ho e
. .
 CI ND ERE LLA
t he Ce l e sti al Spirit co n se n t s an d is re warde d by su b se q u e n t
, ,

go o d fo rt u n e It is a cardi nal fe at u re o f t he sto ry th at

.

C IN D ERELL A give s he r se rvic e s fo r n o thi n g an d vo l u n t e ers t o

'

p e rfo rm all t he dirty wo rk T he l abo ur i m p o se d u p o n he r

.
,

a n d which s he al w ay s p e rfo rm s with al ac rity is e ss e n tiall y ,

t he m ea n e st o f t he m ea n O fte n it is di sg usti n g an d
.
, ,

acc o rdi n g t o q u it e tw e n ty-fiv e pe r c e n t o f t h e s to ri e s c o n s i s t s

.
,

o f cl e an s i n g a n u n cl e an h e ad A n o ld m an o r a fai ry— o r
.
,

acco rdi n g t o o n e v e rsi o n t he Vi rgi n M A RY— m ee t s Ci n d e r

,

e ll a an d he r S i s t e rs a n d say s with a s i m pl e an d u n af fe ct e d
”
“
di re ct n e ss : Lo use my h ead The p ro u d si ste rs ; with a
.

vo l l e y of ab u se de cl i n e b u t C IN D ERELLA acce pts t he

, ,

u n d e sirab le tas k a n d c o m b s o u t l ic e a n d n it s which t urn into ,

ea rls a nd ew els as th e y fall It is c l ear th at t he i n te n ti o n

p j .

o f t he all e g o ry l ike th a t o f Ch ri st washi n g t he di sciple s

,
’

fee t is that t he m ean e r t he se rvic e t he gre at e r it s b e au ty

, .

It is pro bable th at t he re aso n why t he s h o e w as ado pte d

a s t he sy m b o l o f t he s pirit o f
“
le t -m e -do it—fo r yo u w as - -

b e cau se t he s h o e p ro te cts it s weare r an d s hi el d s fro m di rt

by ta kin it up on itsefi
g
ym bolic ve st ure s o f h u m ility u n de r which Ci n d e r
T he s

e lla is o cc as i o n al ly d ra p e d are d re s ses o f ass ski n m o u se s ki n -

,
-
,

cat s ki n
- an d l o u se s ki n
,
t he l o u si n g o f a h e ad b e i n g t he
-
,

e m bl e m o f as m e a n an d re vo lti n g a se iv ic e as o n e i n divid ua l

ca n p e rf o rm fo r a n o th e r Ye t whil e in thi s l o we s t se rvi

“

.
,

t u de Ci n de re ll a has a vi si o n o f t he gl o ry th at is e sse n tial ly

,

he r o w n In a H ano ve ri an v e rs i o n t he littl e h e ro i n e p e e p s
.

i n to a ro o m wh e re h an gs a m i rro r in a go lde n fram e Thi s .

m i rro r re fl e ct s a l o v e l y gi rl radian t in ro yal ro b e s an d with ,

a c ro w n o f go ld u p o n he r h e ad et sh e d o es n o t k n o w it
y
is h e rse lf In du e c o u r se s he m e e t s t he p ri n c e a n d d o n s a
.

”
dre ss t he lik e o f which has n e ve r be e n see n Afte r .

h avi n g b e c o me a Q u e e n she lo o k s agai n i n to t he sa m e

,

m i rror an d re co g n i se s t hat it w as s he h e rse l f tha t l o n g ago

228 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL ISM
she th e re re flec t e d Com pare w ith thi s i n cide n t 1
saw .
t he

7 6 t h c o u pl e t o f The Hymn of the Robe of Glory wh e re , t he

h e ro e xclai ms o f his ro be
At o n c e a s so o n as I saw it,
T he glo ry loohed !the my ow n lf
se .

Thi s co u pl e t has b ee n alte rnative ly tran slat e d as Myse lf

2 ”
I saw as in a glass b e fo re my fac e .

In a large an d wide ly e xte n d e d circl e o f C IN DERELLA tale s

t he h e ro i n e is o n e o f three daught e rs w ho K IN G L EA R ,

l ike are as k e d to e xp re ss t he d e pth o f th e i r fil ial affe cti o n

, .

Ci n de rel la like Co rde lia make s n o e xtravagan t prote stati o n s

, , ,

b u t in e ve ry ve rs i o n re p l i e s th at s he l ove s he r fath e r l ike

“

S he is acc o rdi n gl y t u r n e d o u t o f d o o rs an d is n o t
”
sal t .
,

re c all e d u n ti l he r m i sgu id e d fath e r ha s di sc o v e r e d by sad

e xp e ri e n c e the val u e o f salt In th e se sto ri e s it Is Inv ari .

a bly S alt with which Ci n d e re lla is id e n tifi e d an d S alt w as ,

t he sym b o l o f Wi sd o m Wi s do m w as fre q u e n tly p e r so n i

.

”
fie d h o l di n g a sal t c e ll ar an d t he b e sto wal o f Sa l Sap ientia
-
, ,
‘
t he S alt o f Wi sd o m is s til l a fo rm al i t y in t he La ti n Ch u rch
, .

The h e ave n ly SO P H IA app e ars in m y s tical Sci e n c e as sodium

o r salt an d he r c o l o u r is y e ll o w
,
15
In t he D escent of the Sun .

S H R I is said t o b e t he ve ry sal t o f t he sea o f be au ty i n spi ri n g ,

in all w ho dran k o f it an i n sati abl e thi rs t an d an i n to l e ra bl e

‘
c ravi n g fo r t he water o f t he bl u e l ake s Of he r e ye s Ch ri st .
1

de sc ribe d H is fo ll o w e rs a s t he salt o f t he earth an d it was salt ,

th at w as e mplo ye d by Eli s ha t o swe e te n t he wate r o f J erich o ,

“
A n d he w e n t fo rth u nt o t he s pri n g o f t he wat e rs an d c ast ,

1
Cin der e l la , pp
19 1, 19 2 . .

2
Th e Hy mn of the Ro be of Gl o ry , G R S Mea d, 93 . . . p . .

3 i i
New A tla n tis a c o n t n ua t on o f, b y R H , Lo n d o n , 1660 , 23 . . p . .

4
Christia n Sy mbolism , Mrs H J e n n e r, 3 . p . .

5 Th e Pe rfec t Way , 56 p . .

5 p
C o m are S o ng of S olomon 4:
“
Th n e e ye s ii
k e th e fis hp oo ls
. i li
He shb o n ”
.
 CI ND ERE LLA 229

t he s a lt in the re an d said Th u s saith t he Lo rd I have h e al e d

, , ,

th e se wate rs th e re S hal l n o t b e fro m th e n c e an y m o re

de a th o r b arr e n l an d So t he wate rs we re h e al e d u n to thi s
.

”
day acc o rdi n g t o the sayi n g o f Eli s h a which he s p a k e 1
.
,

Th e re is a S i m ilar parable to l d o f ho w MO S ES sw ee te n e d
t he bitter w at e rs o f M A RA b u t i n s t e ad o f sa lt M o se s th re w in
,

w ood . It is c u ri o u s t o fin d th at in a great m an y lo caliti e s

C IN DER ELLA is k no wn as Ma ria Wood vari e d so m e ti m e s i n to ,

Ma ria Wa inscot an d Princess Woodencloa h Acco rdi n g to .

’
th e se vari a n t s a wo o de n s h eath is fitte d aro u n d Ci n de re lla s
,

bo dy o r an o ak tre e lo g is h o ll o we d o u t so as to fo rm a
,
-

p e ttico at an d Ci n de re lla ge t s in an d o ut Of he r wo o de n
,

sh e athi n g at wi ll O n o ne o cc asi o n she is o b se rve d e me rg

.

?
in g fro m he r wa i n sc o t by a pri n c e w ho m ar ri e s h e r
'

Th e re is a c uri o u s p assage in The Song of Solomon re lati n g to

“ ”
t he m y s te ri o u s
“
little si ste r I t re ad s : Wh a t shall w e do .

fo r o u r si s te r in t he day wh e n she s h all b e s p o k e n fo r P If

s he b e a w all w e w ill b u ild u p o n he r a p alac e o f s ilv e r
, an d
”
if s he b e a doo r w e w ill inclose her w ith boa rds of ceda r
,
1
'
.

Acc o rdi ng t o S W ED EN B O RG wo o d is t he sym b o l o f ,

c e l e stial go o d n e ss in it s l o we s t c o rporeal plan e It is .

s p e ci ally t he typ e o f go o dwil l to o n e s n e ighbo u r a

’

sym b o li s m d e riv e d fro m t he u til ity o f wo o d fo r fire-m a ki n g

a n d ho u se -b u ildi n g p u rp o se s Th e re m u st I thi n k b e .
, ,

so m e c o n n e cti o n b e tw e e n C IN DER ELL A S w o o d e n s h e a thi n g

’

’
an d S W EDEN B O R G S s tat e m e n t The q u ality o f t he i n n o c e n c e ,

o f littl e child re n has b e e n re p re s e n t e d t o m e by a s o m e thi n g

wo o de n al m o s t d e vo id o f life
,
4
.
”

It is si n gu l ar th at Ci n de rella if n o t a m aid o f—all wo rk ,

- -
,

is ge n e rally a go o se gi rl o r t e n d e r o f ge e se - If a s h e ph e rde ss
,
.

1
2 Ki ng s 11. 2 1, 22 .
2
Cin de r el la , pp . 10 1, 10 5, 110 , 303, 333, 4 10 .

3
viii . 8, 9 .

4
A Co n c or da nc e to the w r t ii ngs o f S we de n b o rg . A rt . W oo d.

V OL . 1 . 16
230 THE LO ST LANG UA G E OF SYMB O L ISM
of s h e e p is she w ho t e n ds he r i n no c e n t ide as a go o se h erd is ,

lo gic ally she w ho ch e ri sh e s he r spirit uality The ge e se th at .

are g ua rde d by C IN DERELL A h avi n g t he wit t o r e co g n i se t he

,

beau ty o f th e ir i n co mparable m i stre ss si n g in cho rus ,

Hi ss, Hi ss, Hiss !

W hat a b ea ut iful lady is t h is
Ju st like t he Mo o n a n d t he Sun is she ,
So me l
no b e man s
’
daught e r she se e ms t o me .
”
1

Eve ry S u n day C IN D ERELLA re mo ve s he r wo o de n di sg u i se

an d c o m b s he r h ai r fr o m which fall g o ld e n pip s an d th e se
, ,

pip s are pick e d u p by t he go sli n gs ?

Th e re is a fu rth e r ve ry c o m m o n an d c learly sym bo l ic
feat u re in t he sto ry o f C IND ERELLA Wh e n ill t reate d by .
-

he r s t e p mo th e r so m e f ri e n dly an d sy mp ath e tic an i m al s u ch

, ,

as a Bl u e Co w o r a White La m b se rv e s h e r as a c o n fi da n t e ,

a n d go o d g e n i u s The c ru e l Ste p m o th e r w ho may safe ly b e

.
,

ide n tifi e d with Gian t Ci rc u m stan c e o rd e r s he r ste pdaughte r ,

t o sl au ght e r thi s ve ry thi n g in t he w o rld she mo st l o ve s .

Gri evi n gly Ci n de re lla do e s so an d fro m the blo o d o f he r,

sa c rific e th e r e sp ri n g s he r b e au tif u l dr e sse s an d he r f u t u r e

h appi n e ss . It has be e n said I b e li e ve by Fe ne lo n th a t

, .
,
”
G o d alo n e k n o ws ho w t o c ru cify .

In so me ve rsi o n s t he t as k i m p o se d u p o n Ci n d e re ll a is
grai n -so rti n g si m ilar to th a t i m pose d u p o n Psych e The
,
.

me an i n g o f thi s i m p o s iti o n is so su gge s tive th at Dr F raz e r

has e n titl e d o n e o f his w o rk s Psyche s To sh an d has d e dica te d
’

it t o all w ho are e n gage d in P sych e s task o f so rti ng o u t t he ’

se e d s o f go o d fro m t he se e d s o f e vil
”
.

In his i n tro d u cti o n t o Mi ss Co x s c o ll e cti o n o f Cinderella

’

tal e s Mr A n dre w Lang d esc ribe s the m as o f i m m e n se

,

an tiq u ity an d as da ti n g
,
“
fro m a p e riod o f wi ld fan cy lik e
that in which t he m o re b ackward race s are sti ll o r were
1
Ci d n ll p
e re 2 a, . 21 . Ibid p 334 2
,
. . .
 CI N DERE LLA
y e st erday . T he e vid e n c e n o w b ro ught t o ge th e r— a n d
th e re is ye t m u ch m o re to b e addu ce d —m ay I am in h o p e s L
, ,
“
do so m e thi n g t o di sp e l thi s c o rro di n g th e o ry o f wild
fan cy an d t o su pp o rt t he co n te n tio n o f Baco n th at u n de r
,
”

”
so m e o f t he a n ci e n t ficti o n s la c o uch e d c e rtai n m y s teri e s
y .

O f t he h e ro i n e o f The Fa erie Queene wh o m Sp e n se r ide n tifi e s

,
“
with D iana t he Godde ss of Light t he p o e t w rite s
, ,
In
th at Fai ry Q u e e n I co n c e ive t he m o st e xc e ll e n t a n d gl o ri o u s
p erso n o f o u r Sove re ign t he Q u ee n an d he r Ki n gdo m in
Fai rylan d The Fa erie Queene is as Sp e n se r hi m se lf de scrib e s
.
,
“ ”
it
, a c o n ti n u al all e go ry o r da rk c o n c e it an d t h e sam e ,

may I thi n k b e said of Ci n de re ll a

, ,
The p ro gre ss i o n o f
.

Ci n de re lla fro m fire-te n de r to Ki n g s daught e r se e m s t o m e

’

a dra matic re pre se n ta ti o n o f t he m y s tic t e n e t Man d o e s ,

n o t p e rc e iv e t he t ru th b u t G o d p e rc e ive s t he tr uth in man .

,

The i n n e r light is t he n a tu ral asc e n t o f t he spi rit withi n u s

w hich at las t ill u mi n ates an d t ran sfigu re s th o se who te n d
it.
”2
O f The Song of Solomon St B e rnard asks W ho is t he
B ride a n d he an s we rs I thi n k c o rr e ctl y
,
“
,
It is t he S o u l ,

thirs ti n g fo r
1
Cin de re ll a , p xiv .
2
J ac o b B o e h me .

3
Ca n tica Ca n tico r u m , S e rm o n V II .
 C HA PTER X

THE STAR O F THE SEA

I m ust b e c o me Que e n Ma ry a n d b i rth to G o d mus t g iv e,

If Iin b l
e s se dn e ss fo r e v e rmo re w o u ld liv e
”
.

S HEC FFL ER .

IT is p ro b abl e th at t he w o rship o f t he Vi rgi n M A RY did

m o r e to t e m p e r t he u n l o v e ly fe ro citi e s o f t he dark ages
th a n any o th e r fe at u re o f t he C ath o lic faith The wildest .

swa shb u ckl e r th o u ght it n o s l u r u p o n his m an h o o d to d ro p

t he k n e e b e fo re he r w ay s id e s h ri n e an d t he m ise rable st ,

p e asan t de riv e d so m e co m fo rt fro m an Av e Ma ria :

T he Ch u rch has e n d o w e d t he Vi rgi n M A RY with o the r

an d m o r e a n ci e n t fe at u re s th an t he Ne w T e st am e n t ass ig n s

he r. F ro m The Song of Solomon it has bo rro we d the titles

Ro se o f Sh aro n ,
“
”
L ily o f t he Vall e y “
Ce dar o f ,
”

Le ban o n an d To we r o f D avid ; an d fr o m t he Ap o ca
,
” “ ”

lypse it has de riv e d it s co n c e pti o n o f t he Q u e e n o f H e av e n

st an di n g u p o n t he M o o n cl o th e d with t he S u n an d c ro w ne d
,

with t he tw e lve Stars Of t he A ss um pti o n .

Re ligi o n g raft s n e w c o n c e pti o n s o n t o an ci e n t t e n e ts ,

a n d n o f re sh c re e d has e ve r e ra dic at e d t he Old e r b e li e f s o n

which it has b ee n i m p o se d The w o rs hip o f t he Q u e e n o f

.

1
H e av e n w as fl o u ri s hi n g l o n g b e fo re t he ti m e o f J ER EMIA H ,

an d wh e n t he Chri s ti an Ch u rch a pp o i n t e d it s fe s tival s it ,

fixe d u p o n 2 5t h M arch as La dy Day fo r t he reaso n th at

J m i h xliv 6
1
e re a . 1 , 22 .

2 32
 THE STAR O F THE SEA
thi s date was c e l e b rate d t h ro ugho u t t he G re cian an d Ro man
wo rld as t he fe stival Of t he m i rac ul o us c o n c e pti o n o f t he
“
Ble sse d V i rgi n J U NO The m o n th O f May n o w
.
,

de dicate d t o t he Vi rgi n M A RY was lik e wi se t he mo n th o f ,

The titl e s o f “ ”
t he p aga n vi rgi n m o th e rs O u r Lady
1
.
,

“
Q u e en o f H eave n an d M o th e r o f G o d we re bo rn e
“
,
”

by I S IS t he i mm ac u late a n d A ssu m pti o n lik e I si s w as

, ,
-
,

re p re s e n te d s ta n di n g o n t he cre s c e n t m o o n an d su rro u n d e d

by twe lve s tars ?

The Vi rgi n M ary is d e sig n at e d by t he C ath o lic C hu rch
O iir La dy of Wi s d o m a n d Ma ter Sap ientie Wh e n po r e .

t raye d a s O u r Lady o f Wi s d o m s he is re p re se n te d re adi n g ,

t he se ve n th ch a pte r o f t he Wi s d o m o f S olo m o n o p e n e d
a t t he w o rd s
“
Fo r she is t he breath o f t he p o w e r o f G o d
,

an d a p u re i n fl ue n c e fl o wi n g fro m the glory of t he

Al m igh ty .
3 ”
Acc o rdi n g t o t he au th o r o f Our L ady in A rt ,

M ary fro m e arli e s t Ch ri sti an ity has sto o d as a sym b o l o f

t he Ch u rch a n d o f t he i n divid u al so u l wh o se sal va ti o n is in

he r If thi s b e so t he Lati n Ch u rch has faithf ully

,

p re serve d so m e m e m o ry o f t he o rigi n al an d e so te ric m ean

in g o f t he p arab l e .

Am o n g t he ti t l e s o f Q ue e n M ary is S T ELLA M A R IS t he ,

Star o f t he Sea— an a ppe llati o n fo r which it is diflic u lt to

e '

di sc e rn an y Biblic al j u stificati o n Star o f t he Se a w as .

”

h o we ve r o n e o f t he titl e s o f I S IS an d o th e r pagan go dde sse s

, ,

an d o n e m u s t as su m e th a t it was san cti o n e d by Ch ri s ti an ity

fo r t he u su al reaso n th at t he p e o pl e o b sti n ate ly re f u se d to

re li n q u i s h it .

The St ar O f t he Se a is re p re se n t e d in t he acc o m p an y
in g W at e r M o th e r e m bl e m s
- M A RY M A R IA M Y RR HA , , , ,

M IR IA M o r M A RA t he spa rkli n g light o f t he wate rs t he

, , ,

vi rgi n daughter o f LA BISMINA t he G re at Abys s ,

.

1
B ibl My th A W D
e s, . p 335 . o an e , . .

3
Our L dy i A t M H J
a n r ,
p 5 rs . e n n e r, . 1 .
2 34 TH E LO ST LAN GUAGE OF SYMB OL ISM
T he ci rc u lar m i rror in t he h an d s o f figs 50 0 to 50 3 is
,
.

t he Mi rro r o f P e rf e cti o,
n which e v
,
e n t o da
y i-
s t he fa m i
, l i ar

att rib u te o f Tr u th .

In t he Wi d
s om O f S o l o m o n , Wi s d o m cl e a
,
r a n d u n

d fi
de file d is e n e a d s t h e b right n e s s o f t h e e v e rl a s ti n g light ,
,

p tt d mirror o f t h p w e o f G o d an d t h e i m age o f
t he u n s o e e o r ,

His G o o d n e ss 1
.
 THE STAR O F THE SEA
A m o n g ce rtai n We st Af rican tribe s at t he pre se n t day ,

t he n ative s sy m b o li se t he D e ity by a tri a n gl e su rr o u n di n g a

pi e c e o f l o o ki n g—glass o r so m e thi n g b right to re p re se n t

Light an d thi s c u s to m is su pp o se d by Dr Ch u rchward t o
,

h ave o rigi n ate d in an cie n t E G Y PT J apan e se m ytho l o gy

1
.

re la t e s th a t t he S u n go dd e ss wh e n taki n g l eave o f he r
gran dchi ld gave him a h e ave n ly m ir ro r sayi n g
,
My child , ,

wh e n tho u lo o ke st u po n thi s m i rror le t it b e a s if th o u ,

we rt lo o ki ng u p o n me ; Le t it b e with th ee o n thy c o u ch
”
an d in thy h all an d le t it b e t o th e e a h o ly m i rro r
,
Thi s .
2

m i rro r which is r e garde d by t he J apane se as a sym bo l o f

504

k n o wl e dge is p re se rve d at t he sh ri n e s o f ISE? Acc o rdi n g to

,

I n dia n p o e try
T he r re t w o mirro s w he re in bliss e fl e c t e d lie
e a r
,
r

T he sun o f he av e an d t he Sp i ri t -Su n M st Hi h
n o
, g
O n e m irro r is t he se a o e r w hi c h n st rm-w in d bl w s ’
o o o
,

T he o t he r is th mi d t hat no un q uie t k n o w s
e n .
” 4

Th er e is hardl y a n ati o n wh o se hi story has c o m e do wn

t o u s th at d o e s n o t r e c o rd t he e xi st e n c e o f so m e S avi o u r
G o d b o rn o f an I m m ac u late Vi rgi n an d n o t i n fr e qu e n tly
i
,

thi s Vi rgi n M o the r is n am e d M ari a o r an e qu ival e n t word ,

p o i n ti ng t o t he Sea D ION YS O S was born o f t he virgi n

.

1
S gi d Sy mb l f P im di l M
ns an p 132
o s o r or a an, .

J H Lo gf d p 22
2
Th S t y f Old j p
e or o a a n, . . n or , . .

3
Ibid p 7 .
, . 1 .

4 T l t i f m t h G m f F R k h t b y E M M ti
ra ns a on ro e er an o . uc ar va . ar n .
2 36 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
M Y R R HA ; H ER MES t he Logos o f t he G re e k s was b o rn
, ,

o f t he vi rgi n M Y R R HA o r M A IA an d t he m o th e r o f t he ,

Si am e se Savi o ur w as calle d M A YA M A RIA 1

All th e se .

n am e s a re re late d t o Ma re t he S e a a n d t he i m m ac u la t e
, ,

p u rity o f t he vari o us M o th er—M arys is e xplai ne d by t he

m ystic te ne t th at Spi rit in it s e l e me n t was lik e wate r ,
-

e sse n ti ally p u re an d th a t sin an d m at eri ali s m b e i n g m e re ly

,

fo re ig n b o di e s wo u ld in the c o urse o f ti m e se ttl e i n to

,

s e di m e n t an d l e av e t he Spi rit in it s p u re p ri s ti n e b e au ty .

Th u s Sc he fll er si n gs
I m ust b e co m e Q Ma y n d bi t h t
ue e n r a r o G o d m ust giv e ,
If I in b le sse dn e ss fo r e v ermo re w o l d l iv u e.

The k n o wle dge th at M ary t he Vi rgi n w as sy m b o li se d by

Ma re t he Se a se e m s t o h ave b e e n i n te n ti o n ally re c o gn i se d
, ,

by t he Si e n e se pai n te rs o f wh o se M ado n n as Mrs J e n n e r

,

write s : The e xce ssiv e grac e o f t he li n es o f he r ( M ary s)

“ ’

u n d u l a ti n g fig u re re c a ll s t he w o n d e rf u l c u rv e s o f ro lli n g
” 2
wave s In t he ru l e s la id do w n in 164 9 by t he Art
Ce n so r o f t he H o ly I n q u i s iti o n it was o rdai n e d th at M ary ,

w as t o b e p o rtraye d in a sc arf o r m an tle o f Blue h e r ro b e ,

w as t o b e o f sp o tl e s s white a n d he r h ai r was t o b e golden

3
.

In fig 50 6 t he Star o f t he Sea app e ars o ve r t he l e tte r M ;

.

s u rm o u n ti n g fig 10 are t he th re e ci rcl e s o f p e rfe ct Po w e r

5 .
,

Lo ve an d Wi sdo m an d i n to fig 50 8 h ave b ee n i n tr o d u c e d
, ,
.

t he s ix attrib u te s pr e vi o u sly asso ci a te d with t he Wat e r

M o th e r .

Wh e n t he l e tte r M was t ake n o ve r from t he Egyptian s

by t he P h oen ician s it was s u pp o se d t o rese m bl e ripple s an d
,

w as chri ste n e d Me m “
t he w ate rs The wo rd em is
4 ”
.
,

1
B ibl e My ths , A . W Do an e
.
,
p .
332 .

2
Ou r La dy in A rt, p 44 . .

3
Ibid , 7
. p . .

4
Cha mbers s E n cy c lop e dia ,
’
vi .
7 60 .
 THE STAR O F THE SEA 2 37

H e b re w fo r w a ter an d in t he e m bl e m s h e re with t he l e tt e r
,
‘

M is de sign e d like th e wav e s o r rippl e s o f Wat e r .

S o m e ti me s as in fig 5 15 th e sym bo li st s c o n stru cte d it

,
.
,

fro m t wo esses plac e d back t o back which as o n all pre w o u s , ,

o ccas i o n s read Sa nctus Sp iritus

,
.

C IN DERELLA as w e h ave already se e n (a nte p

,
is ,
.

in vari o u s l o c al iti e s k n o w n as M A RA M A RIA M A R Y , , ,

M
! . m

M A R IETTA a n d MA R IU CELLA all o f which a re said t o

, , ,

b e de riva tive s o f t he glitt e ri n g light o f t he sea T he .

I n di an Go dde ss o f B e au ty was like AP H ROD IT E said t o , ,

h ave be e n b o rn o f t he Se a an d th e re is an i n scripti o n t o
,

I si s which h ail s her as

B l ss d G dde ss a d Mo t he I sis f t he m a y n am s
e e o n r
,
o n e ,

T w h m t he h a v e s gav e b irt h o n t h e glit t e i g w av e s f t he s a

o o e n r n o e
,
'

A n d w ho m t he dark n e ss b e gat as t he light fo r all m a n k in d .

” 1

l A Ha n dbook f Egyptia n
o Re ligion , A Erma n ,
. p . 24 5 .
2 38 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OLI SM
T he arm s o f t he
p ari s h o f M aryl e b o n e co n si st o f t he Ro se
o f S haro n a n d t he L ily o f t he Va ll e y b e n e ath which ,( fig 5 )I6 .

a pp e ars wh a t is h e raldic ally d e sc rib e d as a barry wavy

o f s ix
”
. Th e se wave s o f t he se a a lterna tely bla ck a nd w hite
, ,

c o rre sp o n d in all pro bability to t he six a ttrib u tes of de i ty

sy m b o li se d by t he six h a i rs o f fi s p
g t o .
( 2 0 9 ) an d .

t he s ix o bj e ct s re p re se n te d in fig 50 8 Th ese wave s o f
. .

t he spi rit u al s e a al so a p p e ar o n t he su mm it o f fig 5 19 an d .

o n t he m ill e n n i ary e m bl e m h e re with In fig 5 18 t he l e tt e r

. .

M by t he additi o n o f a fifth st ro k e has be e n e xte n d e d i n to

a wavy z igz ag o f t he wate rs A s t he Mill e n n i u m was to

.

c o n si st o f t he u n ive rsal re ign o f Spirit a nd a fu ll n e ss o f t he

k n o wl e dge o f t he Lo rd it is pe rm i ss ible t o read M e ith e r
,

a s Mille n ariu m o r em t he wa te rs,

a n d it is p lai n th at t he
,

s y m b o li s t s e m pl o y e d it in b o th se n ses .

In t he d e sig n s h e re with t he p u re e ffl u e n c e fro m t he

Eve rl asti n g Light is sym b o li se d by s im p le waves abo ve
a n d b e l o w fig 52 1 by wavy li n e s su rr o u n di n g fig 52 2 an d
.
,
.
,

by t he s ix sn ake —lik e fo rm s o f t he l e tt e r M o r S in fig 52 3 . .

In fig 52 4 t he wave s ( m ark e d M ) asc e n d an d d e sc e n d

.

fro m t he su rm o u n ti n g Fleur de lys an d at t he b ase o f thi s

- -
,

e m bl e m th e y fo rm th e m se lve s i n to t he S S o f Sa nctu:
Sp iritus .

A mo n g all na ti o n s an d fro m t he t t
re m o e s an tiq u ity ,
 THE STAR O F THE SEA
wat e r sym bo li se d by a z igz ag o r wavy li n e se e m s t o h ave
, ,

b e e n e mp lo ye d as a re ge n e rativ e sac rame n t an d a s a re p t e

se n t at iv e o f s pi rit u al cl e an s i n g an d re birth } The c e re m o n y
a m o n g t he a n ci e n t M e xic an s w as fo r t he m idwif e t o pl ac e

he r mo i st e n e d fi n ge r o n t he m o u th o f t he n e wb o rn child ,

sa yi ng Take thi s by thi s th o u h as t t o live o n t he e arth ,

t o gro w a n d to fl o u ri s h ; th ro u gh thi s we ge t all thi n g s

,

th at su pport e xi st e n c e o n t he e arth ; re c e ive it Th e n .

”

with m o i st e n e d fi n ge rs t o u chi n g the b re ast o f t he child she ,

“
said : B e h o ld t he p u re wat e r th a t was h e s an d cl e an se s
thy h eart that re m o ve s all filth in e ss ; re c e ive it : m ay t he
,

B ihl My th A W D
e s, . . pp 3 7 3 3
o ane , . 1 ,
2 .
2 40 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
Go dd e ss se e go o d to p u ri fy a n d cl e an se thy h e art Th e n .

t he m idwif e p o u re d w at e r o n t he child s h ea d sayi n g O ’

m y gran d s o n m y so n t a k e thi s wa t e r o f t he Lo rd o f t he
, ,

W o rld which is thy life i n vigo ra ti n g a n d re fre s hi n g , ,

washi n g a n d cl e a n si n g I p ray th at thi s c e l e sti al wate r .

,

bl u e a n d l ight bl u e may e n te r i n to thy b o dy an d th ere

,

live I p ray th at it m ay de str o y in th e e a n d pu t away

.

fro m th e e all thi n gs e vil an d adve rse th at w e re give n th e e

b e fo re t he b e gi n n i ng o f t he wo rld Wh e re so e ver th o u .

art in thi s child 0 h u rtfu l thi n g b e go n e ! l e av e it pu t

, ,

thyse lf ap art ; fo r n o w d o e s it live a n e w an d an e w is it ,

b o rn n o w agai n is it p u rifi e d an d cl e a n se d ; n o w agai n is

,

it s hape n e d a n d e n ge n d ere d by o u r M o th e r the Go ddess

" 1
o f W at e r .

The Lati n Ch u rch has app l i e d t o t he Virgi n M A R Y t he

“
S o lo m o n ic i m age o f t he B ride as an e n cl o se d garde n a
‘

,
”
s p ri n g shut up a fo u n ta i n sea led Thi s id e a is p arall e l e d 2
.
,

by a n Egyptian hym n t o T H O T H in which he is co m p are d ,

t o a w e ll n o t t o b e f o u n d by t he talkativ e an d n o i sy
“
Th o u sw e e t sp ri n g fo r t he thi rsty in t he d e s e rt ! I t is
closed fo r th o se w h o s p e ak th e re it is op en fo r th o se w ho ,

k e e p s il e n c e th e re wh e n t he s il e n t m an c o m e th he fin de t h
3
t he s pri n g .

The h e ro i n e o f The Song of Solomon is f u rth e r de sig n at e d

a fo u n t a i n o f gard e n s a w e ll o f livi n g w a t ers an d
“
as , ,

T he u n c an o n ic al Go sp e l acc o rdi n g
” 4
s t re a m s fro m L e b an o n .

t o t he H e b re w s re l a t e s th a t aft e r t he b apti sm o f Ch ri st t he

e n ti re fo u n ta i n o f t he H o ly Spi rit d e s c e n d e d a n d re s t e d

upo n H im an d thi s sy m b o lic fo u n tai n is e vid e n tly

a sy n o n y m fo r t he sy m b o lic D o v e o r H o ly Spi rit o f t he

N ti R
1
a Bve ft iii 37 2
a ces , a n c ro , . .

S g f S l m
2
on ivo o o on . 12 .

A H3
db k f Egyp t i
an R ligi
oo o A E m p 84 an e on , . r an , . .

iv 5
4
. 1 .

S l m
5
o o d S l m i L it
on a n t D M C w y p 83
o o on c e r a u re, . . on a , . 1 .
 THE STAR O F THE SEA
c an o n ic al G o sp e l s A m o n g t he Parsi s t he i n fl u e n c e o f
.

AN A H ITA (t he vi rgi n o f t he H o ly Spi rit) is always de scrib e d

as a f o u n tai n d e sc e n di n g o n t he sai n t s a n d h e ro e s t o wh o m

s he give s s t re n gth an d in t h e figu re h e re with

1
,
2
thi s fo u n ta i n ,

s pri n gi n g fr o m t he G o dd e ss o f t he c e l e s ti al w at e rs is se e n ,

de sce n di n g u p o n H ERCU L ES (b o rn 2 5t h D e c e m be r) an d .

e nabli n g him t o cl e a n se t he s ta b l e o f A u geas The p o p u l ar .

He rc u l e s c l ean i n g t h e

om l o
S ta b l e:
o
R me
! A u ge a n
( Fr 3 Re ie f a t

ve rsi o n o f thi s l e ge n d is th at H e rc u l e s acc o m pli s h e d his

ard u o u s t as k by dive rti n g t he rive r Alph e u s b u t t he .

d e s ig n e r o f fig 52 5 se e m s t o h ave b e e n acq u ai n t e d with a

.

di ffe re n t ve rs i o n .

Sto ri e s o f m irac ul o u s h e al i n g wate rs are c o mm o n t o

t he f o lk — l o re o f m o st n ati o n s an d th e se wate rs a re de sc ribe d
,
”
in fai ry tal e as t he
- W e ll o f t he W o rld t he W e ll b e y o n d ,
”
t he W o rld , t he
“
Wat e r o f t he W e ll o f Vi rt ue s t he W e ll
“
,
”

S ol o mon and S o lo mo n ic Lite ra tu re , D . M C o n w a y,

. 183 p . .

2
i
Fro m S m th s Cla ss ica l Dict io n a ry
’
. i
B y k n d p e rm iss mn of Mr J .

Mu rra y .
242 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
o f Tru e Wa te r t he Re vivi n g C o rdial t he Ve ss e l o f
, ,
“

1 ”
Co rdial Balsam a n d so me ti m e s s i m ply Livi n g Wate rs
,
”
.

T he q u e st fo r thi s Wat e r o f L ife is t he chi e f i n cid e n t

in a l arge an d i m p o rta n t gr o u p o f n u rse ry tal e s The .

m agic e lixi r re vive s t he d e a d awak e s t he sl e e pi n g c u re s , ,

t he s ick o p e n s t he e ye s o f t he bli n d re s to re s t he p e trifi e d

, ,

t o life c au s e s a vas t acc e ss i o n o f s tre n gth t o t he s t ro n g an d

, ,

i m part s i m m o rtal yo u th an d lo ve li n e ss The M ao ri s .

,

M o n go l s I n dian s Slavs an d appare n tly e ve ry race o n

, , ,

e a rth,
h ave traditio n s o f an i n exhau stibl e Fo u n tai n o f
Yo u th wh e re i n it was so me ti m e s mai n tai n e d t he Fai ri e s
,

dipp e d childre n in o rde r t o fre e th e m fro m m ortality .

S u ch fo u n tai n s are sp o ke n o f in J A PA N an d o n e o f th e m ,

is sa id t o b e hidd e n o n t he top o f M o u n t F UJ I : wh o e ve r
fi n ds an d dri n ks o f it will live fo r e ve r ’e
.

In B RITTA N Y C IN DER ELLA is k n o w n as CE SA RINE a

,
3
nd ,

so m e ti m e s t he m agic fo u n ta i n o f Fa i ryl a n d is c a ll e d Ca sar s ’

We ll In R USS IA th e re is a Ci n de re lla-typ e o f st o ry which

.

re l at e s ho w t he yo u n ge s t o f th ree girl s was kille d by he r

j e alo u s si s te r The mu rde re d maide n co n ve ys a m e ssage

.

t o he r fath e r :
“
Yo u will n o t bri n g m e t o life agai n till
‘

o u fe tch wat e r f ro m t he Cz ar s W e ll With thi ’ ”

s s he
y .

is res tor e d t o l ife ; t he Czar marri e s he r an d she fre e ly

‘
fo rgive s her u nwo rthy siste rs .

Re late d t o th ese Fairy tale s o f a M agic We ll is an o th e r-

large cycl e o f sto ri e s in which t he h e ro i ne is u n di sg u i se dly

“
,
”
calle d T ru th an d t he vill ai n False h o o d “
A H un .
”

gari an v e rsi o n de sc ribe s ho w Tru th ref u si ng t o ad m it t he ,

s u p e ri o rity o f F al se h o o d has h er e ye s pu t o u t by t he
,

latte r T ru th lyi n g m ai m e d o ve rh ea rs t wo de vil s bo asti n g

.

t hat th e y h ave c u t o ff the wate r su pply fro m t he n e ighbo u r

1
Th e Chil dhood o f Fict io n , J . A . Ma c C ullo c h ,
p .
54 .

2
Ibid .
,
pp .
54 -66. 3
Cin de rella , p
.
37 3 .

4
The Chil dhoo d o f Fiction , J . A . Ma c c ulloc h ,
p
. I10 .
 THE STAR O F T H E SEA 24 3

ing t o wn an d th at th e y h ave j u s t kill e d a p hy s ici an w ho

,

had di sc o ve re d th at if c rippl e s ro ll e d ab o u t an d t he bli n d ,

was h e d th e i r e ye s in t he de w o n t he n ig ht o f t he n e w
m o o n th e y w o u ld b e h e al e d
,
Tr u th t aki n g adva n t age
.
,

o f thi s i n fo rma ti o n r u b s he r e e so ck e t s with

, y de w an d -

has he r s ight re s to re d Th e n she g o e s t o t he t o w n an d

.
, ,

t e lli n g th e m ho w t he s u pply o f wate r may b e rec o ve re d 1

,

is r e c e ive d with gra tit u d e an d h o n o u r .

It is e vid e n t tha t WA T ER wh e th e r in the fo rm o f se a , ,

rive r ,
fo u n tai n we ll rai n o r de w has u n iv e rsally b e e n
, , , ,
‘

em p lo y e d as a sym b o l o f t he cl ean s i n g re fr e shi n g an d , ,

i n vigo rati n g qual iti e s o f Spi rit My do ctri n e shall dro p.

as t he rai n m s p e e ch sh all di s til as t he de w as t he sm all

y , ,

ra i n u p o n t he t e n d e r h e rb a n d as t he s h o w e rs u p o n t he
,
”
2
gras s . I SA IA H att rib u t e s t o t he de w e xactl y t he sam e
a wa k e n i n g p ro p e rti e s as are m e t with in fa i ry— tal e Awake
an d si n g
y ,
e th at dw e l l in d u s t f o r thy de w is as t he de w
”
o f h e rb s an d t he e a rth s h all c as t o u t t h e d ead V IRG IL
3
.
,

is re p re se n te d as cl e an si n g DA N T E S fac e with de w a n d
’

‘
,

it is em i n e n tly lik e ly th at t he o ld ide a th a t maide n s we re

re n d e re d b e a u tif u l by was hi n g th e i r fa c es in t he de w o f a

May m o r n i n g had it s ri se fro m a sym bo lic o rigi n The .

n am e D R US ILL A m e an s
“
de w — wat e re d an d it is a wid e ly ”

s p re ad c u s t o m fo r o ld w o me n t o c o l l e ct de w i n t o a b o ttl e

an d u se it fo r was h in g t he fac e s o f child re n ; t h e su p e r

st it io n is th at In thi s way t he child re n will b e c o m e a s

be au tiful as an g e l s .

The B ride gr o o m o f t he S o n g o f S o lo m o n k n o cki n g at t he ,

do o r o f his be l o ve d say s “
,
O p e n t o m e m y s i s te r m y , ,

l o ve my do ve my u n de file d fo r my h e ad is fille d wit h

, ,

de w an d m y l o ck s with t he d ro p s o f t he n ight
”

, Th e re is .
4

a Mill e n n i u m p ro ph e cy in D e u t e ro n o m y c o n cl u di n g with t he

1
Th Childh d f Fi ti
e oo J A M C ll h p 68
o c on , . . ac u oc , . .

3
I i h xxvi 19
sa a . . D t m y xxxii
3
v
e u e ro no . 2 .
4
. 2.
2 44 TH E LO ST LA NG UAGE OF SYMB OL I SM
p ro m i se th at t he h e ave n s shall dro p do w n de w an d in a ,
” 1

s i m il a r p ro ph e cy in H o s e a t he D e i t y hi m se lf is id e n tifi e d

with t he De w — “
I will b e as t he de w Th e D e wdro p s .
”

h e re ill u strate d are n o t o nl y m ark e d with t he wavy li n e s o f

wat e r b u t are fu rth e r id e n tifi e d with t he Spi rit by t he
,

H e art o f Lo ve app e ari n g o n fig 530 t he th re e Ray s o f .

,
'

Light o n figs 52 8 an d 52 9 an d t he three fo ld attrib u te s o n

.
,

figs 530 , 53 1,
. an d 53 2 .

D e w w as i g u larly favo u rite e m ble m by reaso n o f its

a s n

sy m b o li s i n g t he c ardi n al d o ct ri n e o f My stici sm th a t e v e ry
“
m an is a m ic ro c o sm o s o r w o rld in m i n i at u re In e ach .

de wd ro p e ve rythi n g is re fl e ct e d fro m t he Su n itse lf do w n ,

t o t he m i n u t e s t o bj e ct It was b e li e ve d th at G o d w as in
.

e ve ry i n divid u al acc o rdi n g t o his cap aci ty fo r re fl e cti n g

G o d an d th a t e ach in his d e gre e re fl e cte d G o d s i m age
’

acc o rdi n g t o t he d e v e l o p m e n t an d p u rity o f h is s o u l

2
.

Thi s ide a u n ive rsally fam ili ar to t he p o e t s is expre sse d

, ,

by Sh e ll e y in t he l i n e s
W h t i He av e n
i

aA glo b e f de w
s o ,

Fillin g i t h m o r i g n e w n e n n

So m e e ye d fl w e r w h se y n g le a v e s w ake n
o o ou

O n im a i d w rld ne o
gn an u

C nst e ll t e d s n s n shake
o a u u n
,

O b it m e surele sr f l d
s a s are ur e

In t h t f ail a d f di g sp h
a r n a n e re .

xxxiii . 26
-2 8
.
2
The Perfect Way ,
pp . 62
3
Ode t o Hea v en .
 THE STAR O F THE SEA
Fro m Thy h a n d say s O live r We n de ll H o l me s
, ,

T h w rlds w e re
e t
o
y et ev
y l fl t l i ms
c as er ea e c a

F m t hat same Ha d it s lit t l hin i g p h

ro n e s n s e re
”
O f st ar-lit de w .
1

The Light o f A sia co n cl u de s with an a pp eal to AUM

“ I t a ke m y re fu ge m
y d OthM o r er

T he de w is o n t he lo t us ! Rise gre at sun I

A n d lift m y le af a n d mix m e w it h t he w a v e
O M MA N I PA D ME HU M, t he Su n rise c o me s
T he de w dro p sl ip s in t o t he shin in g Se a
”
.

In t he abo ve e m bl e m Wi sdo m ,
t he Alma Ma ter is re p re ,

se n t e d c ro w n e d “
lik e th e To we r of D avid b u ild e d fo r a n

O n t he c ro w n o f he r he a d t he Ki n g t hro n e t h,
T rut h o n he r he a d do t h re po se 3
Win d Cl o u ds a n d S ta rdrifts . S o ng f
o S o l o m on IV .
4 .

3
The Wedding S o ng of Wis do m .

V OL . I
.
24 6 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
In o ne h an d s he h o lds t he su n light in t he o th e r a chalice
,

i n to which is di stilli n g t he de w o f h e ave n Re p re se n ta .

ti o n s o f a fai r an d b e au tifu l vi rgi n cl aspi n g t he sym bo lic

chalic e se t am o n g e vil s pi rit s an d b e asts w ho t ry t o drag
,

he r d o w n are c o m mo n in m e di ae val art

,
In t he u n can o n ic al
.

Books of the Sa v iour Ch ri s t is said t o b e He w ho

,
bri n ge th
f u ll o f i n t u iti o n a n d wi s do m an d al s o p ru de n c e a n d
-
a cu
p
give th it t o t he so ul an d c as te th t he so u l i n to a bo dy which
will n o t b e abl e to fall asl ee p a n d fo rge t b ec au se o f t he c u p
o f p ru d e n c e which h ath b e e n giv e n u n t o it ; b u t wi l l b e

e ve r p u re in h eart an d se e ki n g a ft e r t he m y s t e ri e s o f l ight

un til it h ath fo u n d th e m by o rde r o f t he Vi rgi n of Light

in o rd e r ( th a t th at so u l) m ay i n h e rit t he L ight fo r e ve r
” 1
.

In t he a b o ve c u p s t he c o n t e n t s are i n dic a te d by t he
Fleur de lys o f l ight t he l e tt e rs I S
- -
,
J e su s Salvato r) a n d by ,

a ci rcl e r e p re se n ti n g e ith e r t he p earl o f p ric e o r a gl o be o f

de w . The d e sig n e rs o f th e se e m bl e m s we re p re su mably

i n fl u e n ce d by t he wo rds o f t he P sal m i st The so rro ws o f
“
,

de ath c o m p asse d me a n d t he p ai n s o f h e ll gat h o ld u p o n m e

,

1 fo u n d t ro u bl e an d so rr o w I wi l l take the c up o f
.

” 2
salva ti o n a n d c all u p o n t he n am e o f t he Lord .

T he m ys tic c u p s flago n s vase s ch alic e s an d ve sse l s o f

, , , ,

Salvati o n assu m e d an app are n tly i n fi n ite vari e ty o f fo rm

,

Fra g m en ts of a Fa ith Fo rg otten , G R S

. . . Me a d , p .
518
.

2
l
Ps a m c xvi 3, I3
. .
 TH E STAR O F T H E SEA 24 7

i
an d s z e , an d t he s ym b o li sm with which th e y are d e c o rat e d
is so i n t ric at e th a t m u ch o f it I am u n abl e t o d e ciph e r AS .

a ru l e t he e m b e lli s h m e n t s i n dic a t e t he c o n te n t s a n d it is
,

pro bable th at thi s is a n arti stic c us to m o f e xt re m e an tiqu ity .

Mr AN DREW LA NG o bse rve s th at an yo n e w ho is i n te re ste d

in t he s t ran ge an d u n iv e rsal id e n ti ty o f t he h u man m i n d
m ay e xam i n e A me ric an an d e arly G re e k p o tte ry Co m
.

p are says he
, t he wave p a ttern 6n G re e k an d M e xican
,
” 1
vase s . It m ay b e th at th e se an ci e n t wave p atte rn s are
n o thi n g m o re th a n n at u r al o r n am e n t b u t in t he e m bl e m s
,

h e re with t he wavy l i n e s c e rtai n ly de n o te t he de w of th e

,
'

H o ly Spirit o r t he h e ali n g wate rs o f S al vati o n .

T he S o f Sp iritus e n ci rcli n g t he P e arl app ear s o n fig 54 2 .

t he h an dl e o f fig 54 3 is an S a n d of fig
.
,
a J = Je so u s
. .

The l e tte r s J C o n fig 54 5 d e n o t e Je so u s Ch ri s to s an d o n
. .
,

C t m 1
d Myth p 288
us o an , . .
24 3 TH E LO ST LAN GUA G E OF SYMB OL I SM
fig .
54 6 is t hefam ili ar I H S O n fig 54 9 is t he i n iti al M
. .
,

a n d t he l e tt e rs M R o n fig su pp o rt e d by S S h a n dl e s
550 .
, ,

p re su m ably i m ply Ma ria Redcmp trix S u rm o un ti n g figs 55 1

. .

554

an d 55 2 is t he D o ve H o ly Spi rit The H e art o f Lo ve

o f t he .

di s ti n gu i s h e s fig 553 an d t he b o di e s o f t he m ag n ifi e d vase s
.
,

h e re w ith al so c o n s i st o f h earts supp o rte d by S S h an dl e s .

fl o w e rs sp ri n gi n g fr o m t he g ro u p be l o w are Fleur:
T he
de—lys L ili e s o f t he Fi e ld a n d M arigo ld s t he l a tt e r sy m b o l
, , ,
1

i si n g t he m y stic go ld o f M ary .
 THE STAR O F THE SEA
Figs 5 60 to 5 7 0 re pre se n t vari o u s fo rm s o f t he Fl am e
. .

N o te ho w in figs 562 an d 563 thi s divi n e fire fo rm s at it s

.

s u m m it t he t re fo il a n d t he c re sc e n t m o o n O ve r fig 561
. .

t he fire is b u rn i n g like a six ray e d S u n a n d t he s ig n o f t he

-
,

M o o n is o n th e bo dy o f t he Vase .

T he triple arran ge m e n t o n fig 57 0 is p re su m ably a n o th e r

.

fo rm o f t he th re e ray s o f Light an d t he ve sse l with a s p o u t

,

co i n cides in app earan ce with t he e mbl e m atic vase th a t w as

c arri e d at t he fe stival s o f I S IS AP U L EIUS d e sc rib e s it as
.

a small v e ss e l m a d e o f b u rn i s h e d go ld an d m o s t skilf u lly

w ro u ght o u t in to a h e m i sph e ric al b o tt o m e mbo sse d e x

, .

t e rn ally with s t ran g e Egypti a n fig u re s . It s m o u th b u t

2 50 THE LO ST L AN GUAGE O F SYMB OLI SM
S lightly rai se d w as e xte n de d i n to a sp o u t an d proj e cte d
,
”
c o n s ide ra bly be yo n d t he bo dy o f t he bo wl 1
By thi s .

c d ve s se l typifi e d t he d e ad an d ri se n O s iri s 2
sa re w as .

The G n ostics, C . W . Ki g p I
n , . II.
2
B ible F lk L
o - p 324
o re, . .
 THE STAR O F THE SEA
S o m e ti me s th e se sy m bolic vase s are lo ade d u
p with g ra p e s

typifyi ng t he n e w wi n e o f Ch ri s t s Ki n gdo m
’
. BA HA U LLA H ,

t he Ara bi an m y s tic ,
re p re se n t s Wi sd o m as e xcl a i m i n g

57 7 57 9
0 So n o f Ma n ; c d t o m y H ea ve n tha t th o u may s t
as e n

dri n k o f t he p u re Wi n e which has n o like n e s s— fro m t he

ch l ic
a e o f e ve rlasti n g Gl o ry.
1 ”

2
Hidden W o rd sfro m the S up reme Pen .
2 52 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB O L I SM
In The Song of Solomon B ride gro o m is m ad e to _say
t he

I have d ru n k m y wi n e with my m ilk : e at 0 fri e n ds ; ,

“
d ri n k ye a d ri n k ab u n da n tly O b e lo ve d
, ,
T hi s e lixi r o f
,
.

life thi s e xc e ll e n t an d de l ectable liq u o r o f Wi s do m is aga i n

,
“
m e n ti o n e d in The Song of Solomon as th at b e s t wi n e th at
“
go e t h d o w n swe e tly c au si n g t he l ip s of tho se th at are
,
” 2
asl e e p t o sp ea k .

580 583
’

The h o n e y an d m ilk u nde r t he to n g ue o f t he Sh ul am ite 3

are d o u btl e s s id e n tic al with th e wi n e an d h o n ey fabl e d

“

‘
t o flo w fro m the m o u th o f Ci n d e re ll a In o n e ve r s i o n .

Ci n de re lla s fai ry vi sito rs e m e rge fro m a vase an d fro m thi s

’

sa m e v a s e th e y p ro d u c e he r e xq u i s it e d re s se s Acc o rdi n g 5
.

t o a n o th e r v e rs i o n wh e re i n Ci n de re l la g e t s h e r cl o thi n g

f ro m an appl e t re e she say s ,

L i t t le g l de a ppl t eo n e r e
,

l V it/z my v a se of gold ha v e I w a t ered t hee,

W it h my s ade o f go d ha e I digge d t hy m o u d
p l v l
v
G i e me yo ur o e y c o t he s, l v l l ra
y, Ip
m y ugl y r gs aw ay
”
A nd t ake a .
6

1
v. 1 .
2
V II
9 . .
3
iv . 11.
Cin de re l la , p . 188. 5
Ibid , . p .
349 .
5
Ib id .
,
p . 139 .
 THE STAR O F THE SEA .

Amo n g t he y ase s h e re with figs 5 52 582 a n d 583 are

,
.
, ,

d ec o rate d with se ve n ci rcle s de n o ti n g p ro bably t he se ve n

,

fo ld gifts o r p e rfe cti o n s o f t he H o ly Spi rit O cc as i o n al ly .

th e se ci rcle s are arran ge d in th re e gro u p s o f thre e th u s ,

fo rm i n g t he i mm utable n u mb e r N i n e N i n e is e q u ivale n t.

t o t he H e b re w w o rd fo r Truth an d has t he p e c u li ar p ro p e rty

wh e n mu l tipli e d o f e ve r re p ro d u ci n g it self Th u s twic e .

n i n e are 18 and 1 th ric e n i n e are 2 7 an d

In figs 5 87 an d 5 88 t he Vase o f Tr u th is s u rmo u n te d
.

with se ve n n u cl eat e d c e ll s an d NUC L EOL US t he divi n e

, ,

Nucleus t he G erm o f L ife was o n e o f t he a pp e lla tio n s

, ,

u n d e r which t he H o ly Spi rit was k n o w n am o n g t he m ys tic s

l
.

T he sy m b o l N u se d as in figs 5 89 t o 59 3 e ith e r se p arate ly

, .

o r in c o m bi natio n is m e re ly a c o n t ract e d f o r m o f M an d
, ,

has b e e n si m ilarly d e riv e d fro m t he Egypti an hi e r o glyph

fo r wat e r . In PA L ER MO C IN DERELL A is n a m e d N IN A a n d
,

s o m e ti m e s N IN ETTA 2
.T he f o r m e r wh e n c e t he city o f
,

N IN EV EH d e riv e d it s n ame was o n e o f t he titl e s o f I s htar

, .

N i n a says Dr P IN C HES ano th e r fo r mof I S HTA R was a

,
”

, ,

go dde ss of creati o n typifie d in t he te e m i n g l ife o f t he o c ean ,

a n d he r n am e is writt e n with a ch ar act e r stan di ng fo r a h o u se

3 ”
o r re c e ptac l e with t he S ig n for fis h withi n Wh e n N IN A .

S e e The Pe rfect Way , p as s im .

2
Cin de re l la , p .
349 .

3
The Relig ion o f B a by lo n ia a nd A ssy ria , p .
75 .
2 54 T H E LO ST LA N GUAGE OF SYMB OLI S M
C IN D ER ELL A ) has b e e n dre ss e d by fa i ri e s f ro m t he m agic
(
vase t he fo ll o wi n g c u ri o u s di alo gu e ta ke s plac e
,

Prince Lady ho w are yo u

,

Nina
”
A s in wi n te r .

Prince Ho w are yo u c all e d

Nina
”
By my n am e .

Prince Wh e re do yo u l ive
” 1
Nina In the house w ith the door .

Wh e n t he P h oe n ici an s to o k o ve r fro m E G Y PT t he l e tte r

N th ey call e d it nun t he Fi s h I S HTA R re pre se n te d by a
, , .

fis h in a h o u se is th e re fo re c l e arly t he same as N IN A o r
C IND ER ELLA dw e lli n g In t he h o u se with t he d o o r In ‘ .

Egypti an th e o lo gy thi s H o u se o f Wi s do m app ears in t he

n am e H A T H O R H AT HO E
: - “
t he House o f HO RUS
,
.
” 2

Acco rdi n g t o a Swi ss varian t o f C IN DERELLA she is acc o ste d ,

“ 8 ”
by t he c u ri o u s title gol d Be t he li which i mm e di ate ly
,

Ci d n l l p 349
ere a, . . Bibl F lk L 2
p 347 e o - o re, . .

3
 THE STAR O F THE SEA 2 55

“
su gge st s B e th e l an d t he vi s i o n o f J ac o b s Ladde r A nd
’
.

J aco b awake d o u t o f his sl e e p a n d he said S u re ly t he , ,

Lo rd is in thi s plac e an d I k n e w it n o t A n d he was afraid .

,

a n d said Ho w drea dful is thi s place ! thi s is n o n e o th e r

,

b ut t he h o u se o f G o d a n d thi s is t he gate of h eave n ,

.

A n d he c all e d t he n a me o f th at plac e B e th c l b u t t he n am e -

“
o f th a t city w as c all e d Lu z a t t he fi rs t .

Lu z m e a n s Light a n d B e th e l t he Ho u se o f G o d
2
, , ,
“ ’
may b e id e n tifi e d with N IN A S a n d C IN DER ELL A S h o u se ’

with t he do o r i e t he H o u se o f Wi sdo m In fig 594

,
”
. . . .

no e t p ro m i n e n t do o r and t he tri n ity o f do ve s u p o n

t he

t he ro o f ; in fig n o te t h ci rc l e o f P e rfe cti o n a n d
59 5 . e

t he surm o u n ti n g e m b l e m o f re ge nerat io n In Egypt this .

s y m b o l o f Wi s d o m s Dwe lli n g pl ac e w as so m e ti m e s k n o w n
’
-

as t he H o u se o f A n u p t he ci rc u l ar wi n d o w re p re se n te d
,

HO RUS t he th re e -s ide d ro of w as typic al o f H e ave n an d t he

, ,

sq ua re b o dy d e n o te d t he E arth
8
The m ys tic s re gard e d .

t he w o m an ly e l e m e n t in h u m an ity a s “
t he house an d w a ll
o f t he m an with o u t wh o se b o un di n g an d re d e e mi n g in
,

G i xxviii 6 7 9
e ne s s . 1 , I , 1 .

2
L uzi p s t -d y P t gu
re se n f lig h t
a or u e se or .

3
S gi d Sy mb l f P im di l M
ns a n o s o Ch h w d pp 3 9 3 7
r or a a n, u rc ar ,
. 1 , 2 .
2 56 THE LO ST LA NG UAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
flu e n ce he wo ul d i n evit ably be di ssip ate d an d l o st in t he
“
a by ss .

Thi s ide a o f Wi sdo m as a H o use an d a Wall e l u cida te s

t he o th e rwi s e a b s u rd a sse rti o n o f t he Sh ul am it e I am a
“
,
”
wall . It is al so lik e ly th at t he p re c e di n g p as sage The
2 “
,

beams o f o u r h o u se are c e dar a n d o ur raft e rs are fir 3

has , ,
”

re fe re n c e to thi s H o u se o f Wi sd o m which is n o do u bt ,

fu n dame n tal l y ide n tical with t he Te m p l e o f S o l o m o n .

T he La ti n Ch u rch t each e s th at M ary is t he m o th e r

o f Grac e an d t he Star who gu id e s an d c o n d u ct s u s t o t he

h arb o u r of S alvati o n O n e o f the titl e s o f Ci n d e re lla is .

A NNEMO R =A n n a m o t her = A n n a d ar l i n g
- - ‘
an d t he n am e ,
‘
AN N E mean s G race of God .

T he Lati n Ch urch has al s o assig n e d t o t he Vi rgi n M ary

”
t he titl e H ealth o f t he Sick By t he sick m y stic s h ave .
,

al wa y s u n d e r st o o d ig n o ran ce a n d m o ral o r m e n t al s ick n e s s .

”
Tu rn agai n t o t he m o s t high says t he w rite r o f ,
“
Eccle si aste s an d t u rn away fro m i n iq u ity fo r he will l ead
, ,

th e e o u t o f dark n e ss i n to t he light o f hea lth 6

.
”

The fiv e p o i n t e d st ar de sc rib e d in t he e m bl e m h e re with

-

a s t he Sym bo l o f H e alth is t he P e n tago n o r fam o u s S eal

with which Ki n g S o l o m o n is fabl e d t o h ave w o rke d h is
a m az i n g m arv e l s It was with thi s p o te n t tali sm an th at he
.

warde d o f? all dan ge r s an d c o n t ro ll e d t he e vil g enii Dr .

M A C K EY state s tha t amo n g t he fo llowe rs o f PYT HA G O RA S

a n d PY T HA G O RA S d e riv e d h is phi l o so phic id e as fro m E G Y P T

— t he tripl e tri an gl e re pre se n t e d Light an d was an e m bl e m

o f H e al th I t is th e re fo re p ro bab le that t he le tte r S o n
7
.

fig 60 1 s tan ds fo r SA NITA S an d t he l e tters S H o n fig 60 0

. .

fo r SA NITA S H O MINO RU M .

The Perfect Way , p . 2 7 3. 2

S o ng of S o l o mon viii . Io .

3
Ibid .
, i . 17 .
4
Cin derella , 2 48 p . .

5
S m i il ly A NNA BEL
ar an d HA NN IBA L mea n th e G ra c e of B AL, B EL,
or
’
B AA L .
‘
3
xviii . 2.
7
A L exicon f Freema so n ry
o , p . 10 4 .
THE STAR O F THE SEA
2 58 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
T he ch aracte r s appeari n g in t he an gle s o f fig 59 6 are .

u n k n o w n t o m e b u t th e y a pp ear t o b e R u n ic
, Ru n e s were .

t he an ci e n t al phab e t o f t he H eath e n N o rth m e n t he o ld ,

N o rse word run o rigi n ally m ean i n g so me t hi n g se cre t o r

magic al The R u n ic al ph at
. was e n tire l y a n g u l ar t he ,

ch aracte rs be i n g c o n s tru cte d f ro m t he fo rms take n by l ittl e

s tick s u se d fo r divi n i n g p u rp o se s .

In The Song of Solomon t he B rid e say s to he r Bride

gro o m Se t me as a se al u p o n thy h e art as a se al u po n
, ,
1 ”
thi n e arm .

A m o n g t he G no s tic s t he se al o f So lo m o n w as assig n e d
t o t he Vi rgi n SOP H IA a n d was rega rd e d as t he m ark o f a n d
, ,

passp o rt to t he Ki n gdo m o f Light At death it was be li e ve d

, .

that t he so u l w o u ld b e bro ught to j u dgme n t b e fo re t he

Vi rgi n an d p ro vide d t he mark o f he r S eal w e re fo u n d
,

u p o n it wo u ld b e ad m itte d forthwith i n to t he Tre asu ry

,

o f L i ht
2
g .

“
Ig n oran c e says S HA K ES P EA RE is t he c u r se o f G o d
, ,

k n o wl e dge t he wi n g wh e re by w e fly to H e ave n 3
T he
”

sam e id e a w as vo ic e d by S A DI t he P e rs i a n
poet w ho in , , ,

his Scroll of l l isdom mai n ta i n s that

/ “
with o u t le arn i n g w e
,
”
c an n o t k n o w G o d .

G o, se iz e fast ho ld of t he skirt o f k n o w le dge ,

Fo r learn in g w ill c o n v e y t he e t o e v e rlast in g ab o de s .

Se e k no ught b ut k no w le dge if t ho u art w ise ,

Fo r it is n e gle c t ful t o re main w it ho ut w isdo m .

Fro m le arn in g t he re w ill c o m e t o t he e pe rfe c t io n as

re
ga rds re l igio n an d t he w o r ld
.
”

T he Gn o stic s be li e ve d that SOP H IA typifie d that aspira

t io n al e l e m e n t in t he so u l which is c o n s tan tly a sp i ri n g t o

1
viii . 6 .

2
The G n o stics, K i n g, pp .
— 6
3 5 35
2 .

3
Hen ry V L, iv .
7 .
 THE STAR O F T H E SEA
“
a high e r wo rld .
1
Thi s m y s t e ry,
ys an an cie n t co m sa

m e n t at o r “
is t he G a te of Hea v en an d thi s is t he H o u se o f
, ,

G o d wh e re t he G o o d G o d dw e ll s a lo n e i n to which H o u se
n o i mp u r e m an s h all c o m e — b u t it is k e pt u n de r watch fo r

t he Spi rit u al al o n e wh e re wh e n th e y c o m e th e y m us t cast

, ,

away th e i r garm e n t s a n d all b e c o m e B rid e g ro o m s Obta i n i n g ,

th e i r t ru e m an h o o d th ro ugh t he Vi rgi n a! Spi rit H e re .

” 2

p e rhap s w e h ave a c l ue t o t he m e an i n g o f t he p as sage in

“
t he S o n g o f S o l o m o n
“
1 h a ve pu t o fl m y c o a t, l
”
h ave was h e d m y fe e t .
3

T he Ch u rch o f Ro m e t each e s th at t he Vi rgi n M ary is

t he “
Gat e o f H eave n —a p re ro gative which as w e have ,

s ee n w as cl ai m e d by t h e Vi rgi n s va ri o u s p ro t o typ e s a nte

’

, ( ,

p . To o p e n t he l o ck of H e ave n m ai n tai n s I S HTA R , ,

be l o n g s to m y s u p re m acy In t he Brev ia ry t he V i rgi n

.
”

M ary is addre sse d

Hail, St ar o f t he Se a
Go d s G rac io us Mot he r
’
,

T h u ha ppy gat e f he av
o o en.

O L dy mo st gl rio us
a o ,

Ex alt e d a bo v e t he he av e n s ,

T ho u art b e co me t he w i do w n of he a v e n
’
T is t ho u t hat a rt t he
gat e o f t he Kin g on high,
f b right light po rt al ”
And o t he art t ho u .

Fig 60 2 c o n s i st s o f a large k e y s u rm o u n ti n g what is

.

n o w k n o wn as a C a th e ri n e Wh e e l In fig 60 3 thi s wh e e l . .

is l e tte re d with an i n sc ripti o n which M o n s B riq u e t b e l i e ve s .

t o h ave o rigi nal ly read S T ELLA M A R IS Figs 60 4 an d 60 7 . .

are s u rm o u n t e d with a n M ; fig 60 5 with t he Pe arl an d .

,

fig 60 8 with M R Maria
.
= R e m
de pt rix ? T he t e rm

E a r ly Chn istia n ity , S B S ac k , . . l p7 11

. .

2
S e e W e dding S ong of Wis do m , Me ad, p . 14 .
260 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL ISM
Cath e ri n e Wh e e l aro se acc o rdi n g t o p o p u l ar e sti ma ti o n
1
, ,

fro m t he Le ge n d o f ST C A T H ERIN E a Ch ri sti an vi rgi n o f ,

Ale xa n dri a w ho p u bl icly c o n fe sse d t he Go sp e l (A D 30 7 )

, . .

a n d w as d o o m e d t o d eath o n t o o th e d wh e e l s No l e ss than .

fifty p aga n philo so ph e rs se n t by t he E mpero r t o p e rve rt he r

,

while s he was in p ri so n w e re th e mselve s c o nve rte d to ,

Ch ri stia n ity by he r wi n n i n g a nd i rre si stibl e e ldqu e n c e

h e n c e sh e was re gard e d as t he p atro n e s s o f phil o so ph e rs

an d l earn e d sch o o l s H avi n g rej e cte d all o ffe rs o f e arth ly

.

m arri age s he w as ta ke n in a vi s i o n t o H e ave n a n d b e c am e

,

t he S p o u se o f C H R IS T w ho plight e d his t ro th t o he r with

,

a ri n g
2
.

It is cl ear th a t thi s s to ry is a Ch ri s ti an i se d ve rsi o n o f

so m e fa r m o re a n ci e n t l e ge n d Cat he ri n e (f ro m t he G re e k .

1
It w ld b oui t ti g t te h w th b l i g fi w k
n e re s n o ll d
rac e o e az n re or ca e a

C th i
a Wh l
e r ne q i d it
ee ac m Sp k a d fi
u re h vs th i g i
na e. ar s n re a e no n n

co mm w i th th
on Ch i t i lg d
e r s an e en .

E y l p di iii 9
2 ’
Ch ba in ers s nc c o e a , . .
 THE STAR O F THE SEA
wo rd C a tha ros =
)
p u re cl e arly t he all p u re
is i m mac u l a t e -
, ,

an d u n de file d B rid e o f t he S o n g o f S o l o m o n an d t he ,

to ot h e d wh e e l with which S he is ide n tifie d is t he fo ur o r

six ray e d
- S o lar wh e e l C IN D ERELL A is so m e ti me s c all e d
.

La Bella Ca ta rina an d th e r e a re m o n u m e n t s to I S IS b e ari n g

1
,
”
t he i n s cripti o n I mmac u late is o u r Lady I si s
“
.

O ne o f t he G no s tic philo so ph e rs ha s le ft o n re c o rd t he
acc o u n t o f a n al l e ge d vi sio n o f SOP H IA
”
Tru th say s he .
, ,

l o o ke d u p o n m e an d o p e n e d he r m o u th a n d u tt e re d a
w o rd a n d th at wo rd be cam e a Name ; a Na m e which w e
,

k n o w an d sp eak— J ESUS C H R IST : an d h avi n g n ame d H im ,

”
s he h e l d he r p e ac e Th e re is n o do u bt that t he m y s tic s
3
.

g
o f t he Middl e A e s id e n tifi e d C H R IS T with SOP H IA a n d thi s ,

ide n tity is re fl e cte d in t he six-raye d S o lar wh e e l s h ere with .

O ve r fig 61 I is t he H o ly O NE o f J ESUS t he T ru e Light
.
, ,

a n d t he m e an i n g o f t he o th e r e xam pl e s is e l u cid at e d by t he

S e e The G n o s t ics , Ki ng , p .
438 .

3
Ibid , 288. p . .

V OL . I
.
2 62 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
th re e ci rcl e s o f p e rfe cti o n t he p ast o ral c ro o k o f t he G o o d
,

Sh e ph e rd t he M o o n o f H e ave n a n d t he C ro w n o f Glo ry
, , .

T he e q u atio n o f C H R IST an d SOP H IA as bo th b e i n g

i n carn ate Wi sd o m is re n de re d t he m o re c o m pl e te by
,
’
“
Ch ri st s clai m I am t he do o r by m e if a n y m an e n te r in ,

h e s h all b e save d an d sh al l go in an d o u t an d fin d p as t u re
'
” 1
.
, ,

In fig 618 t he t re fo ile d H an d is e xt e n di n g a k e y fro m

.

H e ave n — do u btl e ss t he k e y o f David re fe rre d to in

I sai ah xxn 2 2 “
W o e u n to yo u ! said Ch ri s t add re ss i n g
.
”

t he l awye rs “
fo r ye h ave t ake n away t he hey of hnow ledge
,
,

e e n te re d n o t in y o u r se lv e s an d th e m th a t w e re e n t e ri n g
y ,

in ye hi n d e red
” 2
Acc o rdi n g t o a Ge rm an ve r si o n o f
.

C IN D ERELLA t he h e ro i ne c atch e s s ight o f a glitt e ri n g

,

so m e thi n g th ro w s a sto n e at it and a go lde n k e y fall s

, ,

i n to he r h an d With thi s k ey she u n lo cks a c u pbo ard

.

f ull o f t he m o st e xq u i s it e cl o th e s ; do n s a s ilv e r d re ss ;
fi n d s a magic ste e d waiti n g he r be h est s an d go e s to t he ,

d an ce .
3

F ro m t he e m ble m s he re with it is e asy t o se e ho w t he

m ys tic s u n de rs to o d thi s magic k e y The h an dl e o f figs 619 . .

t o 62 1 Is t he H e art o f Lov e a n d o f figs 62 2 an d 62 3 it is ,

.

t he P e arl o f hl/ isdom The S e rp e n ti n e wave s o f LA B IS MINA

.

fo rme d i n to t he l e tte r M c o n s tit u te t he base o f fig 62 2 an d .

,

t he i n iti al s S S are se en o n t he cro ss ke y s in fig 62 4 In . .

fig 62 5 t he ke ys of h eave n a re id e n tifie d with t he h e art o f

.

Lo ve an d t he fo urfol d h eart-shap e d m e an de r o ve r fig 62 6
,
.

is pre su mably t he fl am i ng ro se o f Lo ve
,
.

1
J h x 9
o n . .L k xi 5 2
u e . 2.
 THE STAR O F THE SEA
diamo n d th at c o n stit u te s t he han dle o f figs 62 7
The .

an d 62 8 was t he e m bl e m o f
“
l ight i n no ce n c e life and , , ,

jy
o . S o m e ti m e s thi s s t o n e w as e m p lo ye d as a se p ara t e

a n d di s tin ct e m b l e m an d o n fi 630 th e r e a pp e ar s t he
, g .

le tte r D It is e m in e n tly l ike ly that t he D i am o n d was

.

garde d f Dio n ysOs Day,

’

re as t he g em o or an d that t he
na me D ia mond is l iate d with t he San sc rit dyu to b e bri l
affi ,
“

”
l i an t The h a rd an d i n d e stru ctibl e ch aracte r o f di am o n d
.

is e xp re sse d in it s alte r n ative n am e a da ma nt d e rive d fro m ,

a mo n d su rm o u n t s
q
t he Gre e k a da ma s u nco n u e rabl e
,
A di .

fig 63 1 an d was n o do u bt the e m ble m of b ri l li an t

.
,

victo rio us an d u n c o n q ue rable L ight No te t he Cross o f

,
.

L ight o n figs 62 9 an d 630 . .

R m n of Sy mb li m 5 H th p
1
o a ce 7o s ,
. ea , . 21 .
264 THE LO ST LA NGUAGE O F S YMB OL I SM
A s so ci ate d with t he dia m o rid-h an dle d k e y o f fig 62 8 is
'

t he H awk o r D o v e o f t he H o ly Spi rit . Th e re is a s t riki n g

S i m i larity be tw e e n thi s d e sig n an d t he Egypti an D o ve re pro

du c e d o n p ag e 10 4 v o l ii
,
. T he Dove w as t he att rib u t e o f
.

I S HTA R an d V EN US a n d in The Song of Solomon is l ike wi se

,
 TH E STAR O F T HE SEA 2 65
‘

a ss oci ate d with t he Brid e : My dov e , m y u n de file d is b u t

” 1
o ne.

In fig u re h e re with t he k ey o f k n o wle dge is asso ciate d

t he
n o t with t he d o ve b u t with t he H o l y G o o se o r Gh o st In .

fig 634 t he Go o se is c ro w n e d with t he triple Pe rfe cti o n in

.

figs 632 an d 633 with t he di ade m o f b e au ty an d in fig 63 5

.
,
.

it appe ars in c o m bi n a ti o n with t he c ro ss .

The c o nju n ct io n o f G o o se Do ve and Ke y app e ars t o , ,

i n dic at e that Sp irit w as regarde d as t he o n ly o p e n e r o f t he

D o o rs o f H e ave n G o d is a spi rit a n d th e y th at wo rship
.
,

him must w o r s hip him in sp irit an d in t ru th .

With poe tic i n t u iti o n Mrs Kath e ri n e Ty n a n s u ms u p

m o s t o f t he ti m e -h o n o u re d sy m b o l s o r s i m i l e s o f St e ll a '

M ari s t he B o n a Dea t he i m mac u l ate M ag n a M a te r in he r

, , ,
”
p o e m e n title d The M o th e r T he ital ic s are m i n e
. .

I a m t he pil la rs o f t he ho u se
The heyston e o f t he arc h a m I .

T ake me aw ay, an d roo f an d w all

W o uld fall t o ruin u t t e r ly .

I am t he fi p
re u on t he hea rt h,
I am t he lig ht of the good sun .

I a m t he hea t t hat w arm s t he e art h,

W hi c h l
e se w e re co lde r t ha n a st o n e .

A t m e t he ildre n w arm t he i r han ds

ch

I am t he i r li ght o f lo ve ali v e .

W it ho ut me c o ld t he he arthst n e st an ds o
,

N r c uld t he pre c io us c hildre n t h riv e

o o .

I a m t he t w ist t hat l
ho ds t o ge th e r

T he ildre n in it s sac re d rin g

ch ,

T he i r h t f l v e fro m w hose c lo se
no o o
,
t e t he r

No lo st c hild go e s a-w an de rin g .

2 66 T H E LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYM B OL I SM
I a m t he house fro m fl o o r to ro o f.

I de c k t h w lls e a
,
t he bo ard I p re ad
s

I spin t he c urt ain s ,

w ar p an d w o o f,
A n d shak e t he do w n to be t he ir bed .

I a m t he ir w a ll ga ain st a ll dan ge r,
T he ir do or a ain st
g t he w in d an d sno w .

Th u W h
o o m a w o m an laid in man ge r
,

T ak e m e no t t ill t he c hildre n
gro w I
 C HAPTER XI

ON E EYE TW O EYES A ND THREE-EYES

-
,
-
,

La nguage has b e en ca e d b y J e an Pau ll l a d i ti

c o na ry o f fa ded me ta
'

phors so it is , an d it is t h e d ut y o f the e tymo l gi

o s t t o try to re sto re the m to

the r or g n a b r gh tne ss ”— MAX MU ER

i i i l i . LL .

T HE wi n do w of the hou se o f Wi sdom (a nte p 2 55 fig 594) ,

.
,
.

was c o n s tr u cte d of fi v e p e rfe ct ci rcl e s an d th e se fiv e circ le s ,

we re t he M ayan an d Egyptian sy m b o l fo r daylight aiid

s pl e n d o u r In t he sch o ol o f PY T HA G O RA S fiv e t ypifié d
’

Light ; am on g t he G re e k s it was t he n u m b e r sacre d to

2

APOLLO an d amo n g m o de r n Fre e m aso n s it s tan ds fo r t he

,

Five Vi rtu e s o r P o i n t s o f Fe llo w ship The s i m pl e practic e .

o f th e se Five p re c e pt s c o n s tit u t e d I h a ve littl e d o u bt t he

, ,

m ys te ri o us p o te n ci e s o f So l o m o n s fiv e -p o i n te d S e al Th e
’
.

Five vi rtu e s we re so m e ti me s sym b o li se d se parate l y an d

so m e ti m e s as in fig th e y con stitu te an o rn ame n t o f
.
,

grace an d spl e n do u r .
,

O cc asi o n ally fo u r ci rc l e s are l i n k e d t o a fifth a n d l arge r

c e n t ral o n e th u s c o n stit u ti n g an i ll u s tra tio n o f t he w o rd s o f
,

Wi sdo m : I am t he moth e r o f fair lo ve an d fe ar an d

“
, ,

k n o wl e dge an d h o ly hop e
,
3
.

The tw o chi l dre n ass oci ate d with W IS DO M t he Wa te r ,

Mo the r in fig 500 (a nte p 2 34) a re re sp e ctive ly di s ti n g u i sh ed

, .
, .

1
S ig n d Sy mb l of P im di l M
s an o s Ch rhw d p 1 8 or a a n, urc ar , . 2 .

fF m s y M k y p
2
A L xi e con o ree 4
a on r , ac e , . 10 .

3
E l i ti
c c e s as xxiv 2
c us . 0.
2 68 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL ISM
by t he H e art o f Lov e an d t he B o o k o f Know ledge Hop e is al so
e xp re sse d by t he A n ch o r an d Fea r by t he Sc a l e s o f J u stic e
.
,

’
O f W IS DO M S childre n two we r e re garde d as in co m~
,
.

arab l t h chi e fe s t a n d th e se t w o K n o wl e dge an d

p y e , ,

Fair Lo ve we re sym bol i se d by m u l tifari o u s fo rm s a n d

,
”

m e tho d s
. The s tr e am s of m ilk fl o wi n g fro m t he Alma
 ON E EYE TW O EYES
-
,
-
,
TH REE EYES s
2 69

Ma ter re p re se n t e d in fig .
533 ( a nte, p. 2 4 5) p ro b a bly d e n o t e

th e m an d in t he Cro ss K e y s h e re with th e y are re p re se n t e d

by t wo Pearl s o r Circl e s .
2 70 T HE LO ST LA N GUAGE OF SYMB OL I SM
S o m e ti m e s t he twi n ci rcle s th e m se lves fo rm Scal e s o r are
po i se d withi n t he scal e s T he Egypti an s b el ie ve d th at at
.

de ath t he acti o n o f t he di se m bodi e d so u l was we igh e d by

T HO T H be fo re M A A T t he Go dde ss o f Tru th an d th at thi s
, ,

j u dgme n t to o k p lac e in a H eave n ly H all calle d t he H al l

o f t he Tw o Truths The l e tte r M wh e n fo un d in com bi n a
” 1
.

ti o n with scal e s p ro bably s tan d s fo r M aat an d t he figu re 8 ,

2
,

al so fr e q u e n t l y o cc urri n g se e fi s 6
( g 4 6 6 4 7 6 4 8 an d .
, , ,

was as we h ave al re ady see n , t he n u m b e r o f T HO T H t he

, ,

rege n e rato r It was said o f C HR IST by a c e l e b rat e d m ystic

.

th at in His e sse n tial e le me n ts His n u m be r is

“
a n d it

wo ul d app ear pro ba ble th at thi s figu re 8 was re garde d as t he

n u m b e r o f r e g e n e rati o n b e c au se it is c o m p o se d o f t he twi n

ci rcle s o f Lo ve a n d K no wl e dge in c lo se i m p o sitio n In figs . .

65 1 to 653 t he t w o ro u n d s are n o t t o u chi n g b u t in fig ,

.

654 t he y fo rm i n t o a p e rfe ct 8 an d in fig 64 6 thi s sac re d ,

.

n u m b e r app e a rs as t h e go al o f Vi sio n .

“
Am o n g i n sc ripti o n s to I S IS is t he clai m I have made ,

J ustice m o re p o we rful th an s i l ve r an d gold I h ave c au se d .

”
Tr u th t o b e co n side re d be autifu l an d it is e vide n t tha t ,
4

t he m e di ae val m y s tic aspire d in ve ry m u ch t he same te r m s as

t he m o d e rn p o e t 0 Th o u m ighty G o d mak e m e as a
.
,

balanc e o f r u bi e s an d je t th a t is cast in t he lap o f t he su n .

I be se e ch th ee 0 Tho u Great G o d that I m ay fl a sh fo rth

, ,

t he w o n d e r o f Thy b right n e ss a nd m e lt i n t o t he p e rfe ct ,

p o i se o f Thy B e i n g 0 Th o u G o d my G o d, .
” 5
‘

Fro m t he fact that t he twi n circle s a pp ear n o t in

f re q ue n tly o n t he Vase o f Wi sdo m o n e m ay i n fe r th at ,
‘

1
A Ha n dbook of Egyptia n R el igion , A Erman , . p . 10 8 .

2
Ma p
t is re re se n te d a s th e Da ug ht e r o f RA , Mi s tre s s o f He a ve n , Ru l e r of

Ea rth , an d P id
re s e n t o f th e Ne th e r-W o rld . pi
Th e Eg y t a n ma a t is n o t o n y l
T ru th an d J ti
b ut O rde r a n d Law in t h e
us ce p i l
hys c a as w e a s in the mo ra ll l
l
wo r d
”—
Re no uf, Hibber t L ectu r es ,
. 120 p . .

3
L ife of L o uis Cla ude de S t Ma r t in , A E . . W a i te ,
p .
4 11 .

1
A Ha n dbook , Erma n , 24 5 p . .
5
A C ro w . l
e y.
 O NE-EYE, TW O -EYES , THREE-EYES 27 1

Wi s do m was re garde d as a p e rfe ct ble n d o r e q u ip o i se o f ,

Lo ve an d K no wl e dge The le tte r G o n fig 656 stan d s

.
1
.

e ith e r fo r G NO S Is— i e i n spir e d re veal e d divi n e an d ch ari

. .
, , ,

table k n o wl e dge— o r n o t i m p ro bably fo r G ESU No tic e with .

wh at i nge n u ity t he s te m o f fig 657 fo rms t he re ge n e rative 8

. .

It was e vide n tl y t he aim o f t he e m ble m make rs to co n

ce n trate ma n ifo ld m ean in gs withi n a s i n gl e fo r m th u s
’ ,

i ll u strati n g t he maxi m th at Th at Sc ript u re is t he m ore

exce ll e n t which b ri ng s fo rth ab u n dan t s ig n ificatio n Fpr .

G o d is abl e t o say man y thi n gs in o n e as t he p e rfe ct o vary ,

”
co n tai ns m an y se e ds in it s ch al ice 1
The bo di e s an d face s .

o f sy m b o l ic a n i ma l s are mo re o fte n th an n o t
,
i n ge n io u sly ,

sy m b o l ic t o t he m i n u te s t d e ta il In fig 658 t he Fo u r . .

1
K wl dg b l w th p b t h ity b ild th p
no e e o e u , u c ar u e u .

2
F m He m t i f g m t q t d i Th P f t W y
ro a r e c ra en uo e n e e r ec a .
272 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I S M
childre n of
Wi sdo m app ear as e yes a n d n o st ril s In fig . .

659 t he e ye s h ave d e lib e rate ly b e e n plac e d in j u xt ap o sitio n ,

an d wh e n d raw n a s p e rfe ct circl e s th e re is littl e do u bt th a t

th e y sym bo li se d t he re ge n e rate e ye s o f Pe rfe ct Lo ve an d

P e rfe ct Wi sd o m .

The Egypti an s i m agi n e d t he D e i ty a s p o sse sse d o f two

e ye s t he Su n an d t he M o o n
,
a n d th e s e th e y t e rm e d t he

e y e s o f t he N o rth an d S o u th o r t he e e o f H O RU S = = L i h t
y g ,

a n d t he e e o f S U T = Dark ne ss Th e y b e li e v e d th at t he
y .

r e ge n e rat e man w o u l d h ave thi s d ual sight be st o we d as a

“
G ift fro m t he Go ds a n d that e ve n t ually tw o e y e s are ,

give n t o him an d he b e co me s glo ri o u s th e re with 1

.
”

In fig 660 th e se s y m b o lic e y e s are asso ci ate d with t he

.

st ar o f L ight a n d in fig 661 th e y f o rm it s n o rth e rn a n d it s

,
.

s o u th e rn p o i n t s In fig 663 t he twi n ci rcl e s have b e e n

. .

c o m bi n e d with t he th ree light rays a n d in fig 664 -

, .

t he se th re e ray s are fl o wi n g fro m t he m o u th o f a B u ll .

T he S u p re m e Spi rit w as ve ry wid e ly r e p re se n te d as be i n g

.

b e arde d The Assyri an S IN t he Ill u m i n ato r t he G o d o f

.
, ,

L ight an d Wi sdo m t he H e ife r o f A NU

“
,
has a lo n g ,
” 2

fl o wi n g be ard t he co l o ur o f lap is la z uli an d thi s bl u e b e ard

3
,

w a s in all p ro b ability a s y m bo l o f o u tp o u ri n g d e sc e n di n g ,

Tru th .
4

In fig 662 t he sym bolic light flo wi n g fro m t he m o u th

.

is e xp re s se d by a d e s ig n c o m bi n i n g t he T c ro ss the Lati n ,

cro ss t he Tri angle an d t he Cre sc e n t M o o n

, ,
.

In fig 666t he circ l e o f the Pe rfe ct an d Ete rn al O NE has

.

1
S e S ign s
e d Sy mb l f P im di l M
an C hu h w d pp 2
o s o 2 2 r or a a n, rc ar , . 0 1, 0 ,

330 ; 34 5
9
A NU wa s l
a so the na me of a G ae l ic g odde ss of p p
ros e rity a n d

a b un da n c e .
3 Re lig ion f B a by l on iaoa n d A ssy ria , J a stro w , 7 6 p . .

1 ii l
The a me n t e s o f The o o g y see m a wa ys t o de ma nd th at the G o ds o f l
i l
o n e s n e g hb o ur S h o u d b e re g a rde d as De mo n s
’
Our te rm De is co g nate . vil
w ith dev el , th e G y sy fo r G o d
“
p
O g re w a s o r gin a y a Northe rn D e ty, a n d
”
i ll i
the l ”
i l p
B ue b e ard o f fa ry-ta e is ro bab y a er e rs o n o f b ue -b earde d S IN l p v i l .
 ON E -EYE TW O -EYES THREE EYES
, ,
- 273

be e n made to do d u ty as a m o uth an d in fig 667 thi s

, .

m o u th has s ig n ific an tly b e e n mispl ac e d

. T he Stag was n o t
2 74 T H E LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB O L I SM
on ly a sym bo l of S o litary P u rity b u t it s bran chi n g an tle rs ,

we re like n e d t o t he rays o f t he ri si ng Su n an d t he Stag ,

thu s b ec o me s a S o lar e mble m T he m o u th was re garde d .

as a w e ll o r fo u n tai n a n d it is p ro ve rbial th at
,
t he m o u th
o f a righteo u s man is a we ll o f l ife
1 ”
Fig 666 will th u s . .

de no te wh at M ATT HEW A R NOLD te rme d t he lo n e ly p u re

“

n e ss o f t he a ll-p u re Fo u n t
”
.

If, in t he si e n t l m in d of One all- u rep

A t first imagin d lay
’

T he sac re d w o rld an d b
y p ro c e ssio n sure

Fro m t ho se st i ll de e ps ,
in fo rm an d c o o url dre st ,
Se aso n s l
a t e rn a t in
g, an d n i
ght an d day,
T he lo n g-m use d t ho ught t o n o rt h, so ut h, e ast , an d w e st

To o k t he n it s all-se e n w ay

0 w akin g on a l
w o r d w hic h t h us-w ise p
s rin
gs
W he t her it n e e ds t he c o u n t

B e t w ixt th
y w ak in
g an d t he b irt h o f t hin s
g
A ge s or ho urs O
w akin g o n Life s st re am
’

By lo e ly p ure n e ss t o t he all-p ure Fo un t

n

O nl
’
'

( b
y y t his t ho u c an st t he c o lo ur d dre am
)
O f Life re mo un t .

T hin ,
t hin t he ple asan t h u man n o is s e gro w ,
A n d fain t y gleam s
t he c it

Rare t he lo ne past o ral h ut s m arv e l n o t t ho u

T he so e mn l p e ak s b ut t o t he st ars are k no w n ,
But t o t he st ars, a n d t he c o ld l un ar b eams
A lo n e t he sun arise s an d a o n e l
Sp rin g t he gre at st re am s.

In It aly th e re ve rsi o n o f Ci n de re lla cal le d M o n a

is a

Catari n a i e t he lo n e P u re o n e an d in so me lo c aliti e s
,
“
. .
,

t he s to ry o f Ci n d e r e l la is t o ld u de t e titl
n r h e O n e -Eye ,
”
Two -Ey e s a n d Th re e -Eye s
,
T he fact th at C IND ERELLA .

P ve b x 1 1 ro r s . 1 .
 O NE-EYE, T W O -EYES , THREE-EYES 27
5

a pp e ars as t he Two -Eye s o f thi s ve rsi o n su pp o rts t he “ ’

su gge s ti o n th a t W IS DO M w as re ga rd e d as t he e q u ip o i se o f

Lo ve a n d K n o wle dge So m e ti m e s t he Go d s we re de sc rib e d .

as h avi n g Th ree Ey e s t he Thi rd Eye re p re se n ti n g th a t

m y s te ri o u s fac u lty w e c all I n t u iti o n o r wh at t he an ci e n t ,

p o e ts te r me d t he i n n e r e ye o f Reaso n
“
G re e k m yth .
”

att rib u te s th re e e y e s t o J U P IT ER ; so m e ti m e s th re e e ye s w e re

as s ig n e d t o T H O R an d th re e e ye d ch aracte r s in fo lk-l o re a re
,
-

n o t u nc o m mo n .

The au th o rs o f The Perfect W ay stat e th at in t he .

.

sy m b o l i s m o f t he fac e t he tw o e ye s de n o te re spe ctive ly

I n te llige nce an d Love an d it is p ro bable th a t right a nd
1
,

l e ft e ye had e ach it s o w n pro p e r sign ifica n ce Z EC HA RIA H .

fu l mi nati n g agai n s t c o n t e m p o rary p ri e s tc raft e xc lai m s W oe

t o t he idl e s h e ph erd th a t l e ave th t he fl o ck his right e ye
s ha ll b e u tte rly dark e n e d a n d t he s till p re val e n t e xp re s
” 2
,

1
A s ma n , ma de in th e ‘
Ima g e
’
o f A do n a i ,
is th e e xp re ss io n of G o d, so

is t he e xp i
re s s o n o r c o un te n a n c ema n t h e e re ss ma ge o f G o d s nature , of xp i ’

a nd b ea rs i p
in its fe a ture s the m re ss o f th e c e e s t a , sho w ng h im to b e l il i
th e n c e iv de r ed lp i
Th us , in th e huma n fa c e , b y the s t ra gh t, c e n t ra , ro trud n g ,
. i
an d v ti al li
er f thc g fne pi t i i d t d I divi d li ty th
o e or an o re s ra o n, s e no e n ua , e

divi Eg th I A M f t h m
ne o, e Th ug h i gl ,
o xt i ly d e tit t i g
an . o s n e e er or an co ns u n

g
o n e o r an i t k f th D
n ivi U
o i t y w i th i
en o it i d l eh vi g d ub l
ne n , n s ua , a n a o e

fun c ti d tw
o n , an t il i w h i h id th p w f th B th S pi i t
o nos r s n c re s es e o er o e re a or r ,

an d wh i h p t th
c D ivire D li t y
re se n Th d l i t y fi d it e p ial
ne ua . e ua n s s es ec

s ym b l i t i
o i th t w
sa on ph f th
n ye wh i h pl o d s l vel w i th
e re s o e e e s, c , a ce on a e

th e mm i t f th
su o d o t p t iv ly I tellig
e n se , nd L ve no e, re s ec e , n ence a o e, or

F tha d M th
e r an a the p m l m t f B i g Th gh xt i ly
o e r, s s u re e e e en s o e n . ou e e r or

tw o,i t i ly t h y
n er o r vi i i e A d f th e h m
a re o ne , i
as s on s o ne . n o ar o n o us c o

o pe t i ra f th t w p
on o liti p
e t d b y th m p
o e rs o n a d h i ld
e s re re sen e e ,
ro c e e s, a s c , a

th i d p
r l i y i h i t i j i t xp i
t w h
e rso n a h , c
‘
W d O f th i th
s e r o n e re s s o n or or .
’
s e

M th i t
ou ths a g d
once y m b l b i g i i t
e o r an a n lf D l — wh l d s o , e n n se ua e n c o se a

li wh p
ne, i l
en o d len t w fold b i g
a c rc e mp d d f li
an a so d o , e n co o un e o ne an

i l i th t g
c rc e n d l ip
e A d
on ueth pl an f i f th s. t iv n as e a ce o s s ue o e c re a e

b th it i b l w th
re a , th
s f t e o i e ti o in m i g f m th
er ea u re s , s nc e c re a on, co n ro e

Hig h t i i it di
es , ti
s n sily d w w d Th i th
re c o n n e c e s sar t o n ar s . us , n e c o un e n a n c e

o f th Im g
e
‘
f G d i a xp e d th
o to f G d— v
,
’
s th
e II n
re ss e e n a ure o o e en e

T i i ty b i g ti l m d
‘
r n F .th th or e se re e f th S m
a re o ne ,
’
e n e s se n a o es o e a e
B i g —P
e n .
5 . 20 . xi 7 2
. I .
276 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I S M
s oni ye d has in all p ro babi lity de sce n de d fro m an
o n e -e
, ,

i m m e mo rial pas t F abl e re c o rds t he e xi st e n ce o f a o n e -e ye d

.

rac e o f m e n w ho it is said we re co n st an tly e n deavo u ri ng

, , ,

t o filc h t he h o ard e d g o l d o ve r which c e rt ai n riflin s k e pt

g
watc h an d ward .

Th e se o n e e y ed p e o ple we re e n title d Arima spian s — a

-

wo rd su gge stive o f A R IMA NES t he P e r si an Lu cife r G riflin s ,

.
1
,

li o n bo di e d m o n ste rs with e agle - h e ads an d wi n gs are

k n o w n t o have typifi e d Wi sdo m an d E nlighte n m e n t an d ,
2

t he gold th a t it w as th e i r m i s s io n t o watch o ve r a n d d e fe n d

w as p ro b ably t he go ld o f Wi s d o m In t he c u t h e re with a p ai r .

668

o f griflin s ppo rti n g Wi sdo m in he r fo rm o f t he Wat e r

are s u

M o the r G riflin s d e c o rate t he h e l m e t that pro te ct s t he h e ad

.

o f Mi n e rva — a n am e g e n e rally a tt rib u t e d t o t he sa m e ro o t as

nzens t he M i n d — an d th e y a re o ft e n re p re se n t e d g u ardi n g t he
,

V ase o f Wi sdo m 3
In sc u lpt u re t he G ri ffi n u s u al ly a pp e ars
.

h o ldi n g a ball u n d e r it s c l aw an d p se ud o -griflin s m ay b e ,

se e n in thi s attit u d e o n t he p arap e t o f H o lb o rn Vi a d u ct .

T hi s ball t he P e arl o f Wi sdo m is t he sa m e Ball o f Pe r

, ,

fe c t io n as is h e ld by t he se v e n starre d BON A D EA w ho
. -

a pp e ars o ve r t he p o rtic o o f t he B riti sh M u se u m as t he

'

1
It is sa id th a t fro m A R IMA NES , th e Pr n c e i fD o a rk n e ss , we d e r iv e o ur

e xp i
re s s o n o ld Ha rry ,
”
m ea n i ng th e De vil — Mfy th
. ol ogy o f the A ry a n
Na tio ns , C o x, p 567 . .

Ho rns of Hon o u r , J C El w o rth y, p 116 . . . .

2
O n S ta t io n e rs Hall t h e re is a re pli c a o f
’
a l i
c ass c m e da lli on t h us re

p i
re s e n t n g the m .
 O NE-EYE, TW O -EYES , THREE EYES - 277

c e n tral figu re t o t he g ro u p o f Go d s an d Go dde sse s In fig . .

669 t he G re a t M o th e r h o ld s a b all an d a ri n g
1
T he m agic .

ri n g fig u ri n g so l arge l y in S o l o m o n ic m yth o l o gy had pro

bably t he same sig n ifican ce as o u r m o d e rn we ddi n g ri n g ,

t he H e a th e n o rigi n o f which n e a rly le d t o it s ab o liti o n

duri n g t he Co m m o n we alth S o m e o f t he G riflin s he re 2

.

ill u strate d are c row n e d wit h t he Fle u r-de lys o f E n light e n -

me n t Fig 67 2 w ho is m ark e d with t he s ig n o f t he c ro ss

. .
, ,

has his tail twi n e d i n t o t he fo rm of t he Pe arl an d in fig ,

.

Rh ea. us Cy b ele. t h an a Bow Lamp ) .

669

67 3 t he ci rcl e has b e e n i m p o se d in t he c e n t re o f t he bo dy .

J e su s Chri st w as regarde d as t he M ast e r-G riflin an d t he ,

3

I an d 8 u n de r fig 67 4 wi ll th us s ta n d fo r t he H o ly
.

One w ho man ife s t s Hi mse lf as t he n u m b e r 8 .

O n fig 67 6 th e r e is an i n di sti n ct i n scripti o n in which

.

t he l e tt er s S H are pro mi n e n t The i n scripti o n o n fig 67 7 . .

F m S m i th Cl
1
i l Dicti n y B y p mi i n f M J M
’
ro s a ss ca o y ar . er ss o o r . . u rra .

Th f m f th
2
e ori g y o ld w i t
e r n b i g i
, l th t i
”
sa s an od r e r, e n c rc u a r, a s ro un

an d w i th ut o d impo t t h thus mu h th t th i mut l l v

en , r e d h rty c a e r ua o e an ea

a ff t iec h ld
on s u dly flow f m th
ou ro n t th th i Ci l
ro d e o ne o e o er as n a rc e , a n

th ta ti
c on lly d f v
n ua Th O ig i
an f Pp l
or e S p
e r.
”
titi e r ns o o u ar u ers on s,

T Sh p
. K wl
ar er p 99
no s o n, . .

S 3 D te P g t i
ee an
’
s t xxx d xxxi
u r a or o ca n o s . an .

V OL. I .
27 8 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMBOL IS M

(a G reat B e ar
) re ad s I S S an d
,
t he wo rdi n g on fig . 67 4
.

c o n cl u d e s with t he l e tt e rs I 8 .

Acc o rdi n g t o t he au th o r s o f The Perfect Way t he wo rds ,

15 an d Isa o rigi n ally m e an t L ight a n d t he n am e 1515 o n c e

, ,

Isa Isa w as Egypti an fo r L ight L ight ‘

-
,
- Th o se w ho we re
.

1
P . In .
 ON E -EYE TW O-EYES THREE-EYES , , 279

i n i tiate d i n to t he mys t e rie s o f s s we re k n o wn as I SSA an d ,

1

"
t he l e ge n d ary I SS EDON ES w ho we re said t o h ave b e e n ,

ev 1ct e d f ro m th e ir c o u n t ry by t he e ve r e n c ro achi n g o n e -e y e d -
,

Ari m aspi an s m ay pro bably b e ide n tifie d as t he e n light e n e d

,

fo llo we r s o f O R MUZ t he Lo rd o f Light an d adve r sa ry of ,

A HRIMA N t he P ri n c e o f D ark n e ss
,
2
.

Th e re is a N o rth e r n tale o f Ol d H arry tha t b ears a

re markable re se m bla n c e to t he G re e k le ge n d o f U LYssa s an d
'

P OLY P HEMUS T he De vil n o tici n g a m an m o uldi n g b utto n s

.
,

as k s wh a t he may b e doi n g an d wh e n an sw e re d th a t he is ,

m ou l di n g e ye s as ks him fu rth e r wh e th e r he can f urn i s h

,

him with a n e w p ai r The wo rk man u n d e rtak e s t o do

.

so b u t i n s te ad o f f u r n i s hi n g ne w e y e s
,
a s he te rm s
hi m se lf p o u r s in to t he so cke ts a de adly s tr eam o f m olte n
,

le ad an d t he fre n z i e d De vil rus h e s away e xcl a i mi n g : 155 1

,
“
,
”
did it 15 51 did it
,
The wo rd 155 1 b e i n g a m big u o u s
.
,

mean i n g also h i mse l f t he n e ighb o u rs i n stead o f sym pa

”
“
, ,

t hisin g with t he o u twitte d De v il je e r1ngly bid h im lie o n t he ,

b e d he has hi mse lf mad e . 3

T he syll abl e s 15 5 1: o cc u r in t he n am e UL YSS ES an d aga1n ,

in it s e q u ival e n t O uv ssau s Acc o rdi ng t o Gre e k l e ge n d .

,

UL YSS ES whe n aske d his nam e by P OL Y P HEMUS an swe re d

, ,

wilily : My n ame is N O MA N S ub se q u e n tly ULYSS ES .

,

with fo ur se le ct fri e n ds h e at e d t he e n d o f a stake u n ti l it ,

glo we d like a livi n g c o al ; th e n poi s i ng it o ve r t he gian t s ,

’

s o l it ary e e b u ri e d it d e e p l y in t he s ock e t
y , T h e n e ighbo u r .

ing Cy c l o p s di s t u rbe d by t he mo n s tro u s b e ll o wi n g of

P OLY P HEMUS fl o cke d fro m th e ir su rro u n di ng cave s an d
i n q u i re d wh at grie vo u s h u rt had cau se d him to so u n d s u ch
a horribl e al arm a n d br eak th e ir sl u m b e r s He r e p l i e d .

The Perfec t Way p 1

, . 11 .

2
His n ame a n d e pith t i mp rt e s o e s se n t a i l wi c k e dn e ss a be i ng o c c u pi ed

in p v ti
er er ng a n d c o rru pt i g v yth in e er ng goo d .
”
— Persia , J B Fras e r,
. . p . 12 8.
My tho logy of A 7y a n Na tio n s p
‘
3
, C o x, .
570 .
2 80 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
0 fri e n ds I die an d N O MA N give s m e t he blo w
,
Th e y .

an sw e r e d
“
If no ma n h u rt s th e e it is t he str o ke o f J o v e , ,

a n d th o u m u s t b ear it So sayi n g th e y le ft him g ro an

.
,

ing. O n t he fo ll o wi n g m o rn i n g UL YSS ES s afe f ro m t he ,

cl u tch e s o f t he gi an t shou te d in de ri si o n ,
Cycl o p s
t he Go d s h ave w e l l re q u ite d th e e fo r thy atro ci o u s d ee d s .

K no w it is UL YSS ES t o w ho m th o u o west thy sh am e fu l

lo ss o f sight .

The Tartars h av e a s to ry o f a o n e e y e d man e ati n g gi an t -

,
-
,

a n d t he h e ro B IS SA T a s u s ual b u rn s o ut t he mo n ste r s e e
’

, y ,

with a re d-ho t k n ife .

1

Ce ltic l e ge n d re l ate s th at a c e rtai n h e ro n am e d LU G H

bli n de d a o n e e ye d gi an t by m ean s o f a re d ho t iro n a n d
2- -
,

thi s n am e LU G H is always e q u at e d with L L EU t he We l s h ,

wo rd fo r Light ?

The am big u o u s Issr Ysss 15 513 o r 15 5A is re l ate d t o , , ,

E ssa t he Lati n ve rb t o b e a n d fro m m e is de rive d t he

, ,
”

wo rd E sse nc e a phil o so phic an d po e t 1c syno n y m fo r the S o ul

,
"
or Light withi n .

It wo uld th u s app e a r p ro b abl e th at t he O dyssey is to

so me e xt e n t a n a ll e go ry o f t he S o ul an d th at O D YSS EUS t he , ,

wand e re r is t ruly N O MA N n o h ist o ric p e rso n age b u t l ike

, , , ,

Ci n d e rell a a p e rso n ific ati o n o f t he so ul t he s park t he G o d

, , ,
’

” "
withi n o r Dwe ll e r in t he I n n e rm o st
,
“
The w o rd pl ay .
-

”
u po n I ssr t he L ight
,
and 1 35 1 hi m se lf is co m parabl e t o
, , ,

Ci n de re lla s amaz e d awake n i n g to t he fact th at t he gl ory o f

’

he r d az i n g radi an c e is h e rse lf .

T he syll abl e s 15 5 1 o r 1sm a pp e ar to h av e an ci e n tly m e an t

Lig/zt in m an y dire cti o n s W e m e e t th e m in NYSSA t he .
,

n am e o f t he n y m ph w ho w as s aid t o b e t he m o th e r of t he

Su n in NYSA t he m o u n ta i n wh e re o n v so s w as b o r n an d
, ,

1
Cin de re l la , p .
4 89 .

2
Ce l tic My tlt a n d Leg en d, C h ar e s S q u l i re , p . 2 39 .
3
R h ys , Hil bert Lect u res, pp . 239 , 409 .
 O NE-EYE, TW O -EYES , THREE EYES -
231

1
in M o u n t N ISSA of Ethio pi a wh e re OS IRIS w as bo rn The
, .

sac re d St o n e Lan t e r n s o r L ight re c e pt acl e s o f J ap a n are still

c alle d Islzia oro an d t he J apa n e se H eave n ly G ra ndchi ld is

’
,

said to h ave d e sc e n d e d t o e arth u p o n M o u n t KIR IS H IMA .

I S IS was k no w n in N o rth e rn E u ro p e as s r t he Ch ald e an

so l ar h e ro w as I Z DUB A R a n d t he l as t o f t he J a p an e se twi n

de iti e s we re n a me d I Z A N A G I a n d I Z A N A MI .

In Lap la n d t he go dd e ss c o r re sp o n di n g t o I S IS w as
wo rshipp e d u n de r t he n am e ISA an d thi s w o rd m u s t b e ,

re lat e d to I S IA a Gre e k vari an t o f I S IS s ig n ifyi n g acc o rdi n g

, , ,
” ”
t o Plato ,
H o ly O n e I n te llige n ce an d Pe rc e pti o n
, , .

The na me I S IS was un de rs to o d by P l u tarch as m e an i ng

” 3
K n o wle dge .

In H e bre w t he syllabl e 15 b e c o m e s J ES an d t h u s t he ,

J e ws te rm I SAIA H J ESA IA H ; c o n ve rse ly t he wo rd J ESS E is

p re su mably ide n tical with I SS E In t he c o ll e cti o n o f m ystic
.

lite rat ur e gro u pe d toge th e r in o u r Bibl e un d e r t he sig n ific a n t

titl e I SA IA H is a p ro ph e cy o f t he fu t ure wh e n t he earth
, ,

s h all b e f u ll o f t he k n o wl e dg e o f t he L o rd as t he w at e r s ,
” "
c o ve r t he sea . In th a t day say s I sai ah th e re sh all b e
, ,

a ro o t o f J ESS E A n d th e re s hall c o m e fo rth a ro d o u t o f

.

t he st e m o f J ESS E an d a B ran ch s h all g ro w o u t o f his ro ot s

” 4
, .

The ro o t o f J ESS E as r e pr ese n te d h e r e with is fi ve-l i m b e d

, , ,

an d is th u s t he r o ot o f L ight .

l ing s S ee n in jap a n , C e Ho liv ll a n d, p . 209 .

l
Cf P uta rc h s !sis a n d Osiris
’
2 82 THE L O ST LA N GUAGE O F SYM BOL ISM
HO S EA th e re is a Mil le n n i ary pro ph e cy wh e re i n o cc u rs
In
t he e n ig m a tic passag e A n d it s h all b e at tha t day saith
“
,

t he Lo rd tha t th o u s h alt c al l m e 1
, 5 111 a n d sh alt c all m e n o

m o re B A A L I Fo r I will take away t he n am e s o f B aal i m o u t

.

o f he r m o u th a n d th e y s h a ll n o m o re b e re m e m b e re d by
,
” 1
th e i r n am e T he B aali m we re se c o n dary divi n iti e s i n t o
w hich t he P h oen ician G re at G o d EL was su bdivide d an d ,

I S H I w as p ro bably a sy n o n ym fo r t he pri mal Light The .

Ce ltic gian t bl i n de d by Luc a t he L ight w as n ame d BA LO R , , ,

t he Ba l - o f which m a
y p e rh a p s b e e q u ate d with t he Ba a l o f

Baal i m .

The an i m al u p o n which t he l e tte rs 18 8 are i n scribe d

a nte p 2 7 8) is a Be ar an d t he S e v e n St ars o f t he G o ld e n B e ar
( ,
.
,

we re k n o w n as t he Se ve n Riskis o r shi n i n g Light s Fro m .

thi s wo rd a n in it ial vo we l has e vide n tl y wo r n o ff A S the .

S e ve n sta rs are ve ry like a plo ugh an d t he c o n s te l lati o n was ,

s o m e ti m e s k no w n a s t he Sev en Plouglzing Oxen it is p ro b a bl e ,

th at t he l o s t vo w e l w as A ma ki n g Ar-is/zis The syl labl e A R , .

,

which is I ri sh fo r P lo ugh is t he ro o t o f m an y te rm s re lati n g ,

t o pl o u ghi n g s u ch as A ra ble d ry a n e t c A rts/11s wil l th u s 2

' '

.
, , ,

s i m ply an d r eas o n ably re so lv e i n to Plougfi L i g k ts .

Ursa t he La ti n fo r B e ar is f ro m t he sam e ro ot as
, ,

U S HA S t he Daw n ; an d t he s hi n i n g U S HA S (t he nslzer o f
,

Day) is id e n tical with I S IS The Ve dic Man in t he Su n .

,

c o rre sp o n di n g to t he ge n e ric t e rm Adam w as e n title d ,

PU R US HA S H R I t he wife o f V IS H N U be fo re de sc e n di n g
.
, ,

fro m t he Su n w as k n ow n as A NUS HA YINI an d t he wife o f

, ,
3

1 11 16 1 .
.
7
2
Th e h me
a G eorg e me an s a pl o ugh o r hus b a n dman . En g li h l f lk
s rura o

still p ro n o un c e th s i “
JAAR G E ,
”
wh e re i n the y un c o n sc o us i ly p v th re se r e e

p imit iv
r e ra d cai l AR .

3
Th e M t i o un a ns of KIRISHIMA a re s it in th e Is a n d o f KIU S HIO,
uat e d l
an d it is re c o rde d o f a c e rta n i J p a an e se G o d that h e e s ta b s he d h m se f li i l
u n de r th e n a me o f OK UN INUS HI at a pl ace n a me d IZ M U O . In S an sc r it t h e
”
ro o t US H me a n s to b urn .
 O NE-EYE TW O -EYES , ,
THREE EYES - 2 83

K RI H S N A t he n o ct u rn al Su n
,
“
i s n a m e d L UX MEE T h e , .

k n owle dge th at Is o r Isl: m e an t Lax t he light n o t o n ly

.
, ,

e l u cida te s t he m ean i n g o f I S H I b u t it a l so u n rave l s t he ,

e tymo lo gy o f m an y oth e r o b sc u re titl e s e

g t he G o dd e ss , . .

I SHTA R who se n am e has hithe rto p ro ve d an i n so l u bl e

,

e n igma may b e r e so lve d i n to Islz t he Light an d Ta r

, , , ,

dau ghte r o f
”
.

The nam e o f t he p roph e t EL ISHA (a b u rn i n g an d a s hi n i n g

l ight) re so lve s itse lf n atu rall y i n to I S HA t he l ight o f, B L ,
”

In t he au th o ri se d ve rsi o n o f t he Ne w Te s t am e n t
”
God .

EL IS HA is re n de re d EL IS EUS an d it may safe ly b e i n fe rre d ,

th at EL ISSA an al te r native name o f D IDo has al so t he sam e

, ,

sig n ific a t ion D IDO is ge ne rally acce pte d as a mythic al

.

p e rso n ifica tio n o f t he Su n an d he r famo u s s u icide is ,

e q u ival e n t t o t he fl am i n g d ath o f t he s u n o n t he f u n e ral

e
pyre o f t he s un se t The te r m EL ISSA which w as al so .
,

bo rn e by an Arabian Go dde ss wh o m H e ro d o tu s ide n tifie s

with t he Pe rsi an Mitra leads s ugge s tive ly t o ELISYO N ,
2
,

an d th e r e is l ittl e do u bt th a t t he E l y s i a n Fi e l d s o f t he

Gre e ks m ay b e e q uate d with Z ION t he H o ly City of ,

t he H e bre w s .

O ne o f t he l e sse r E l i z a b e th an s w ho de dicat e s a so n n e t
se q u e n c e e n titl e d D ia na U n to He r M aj e s ty s S ac re d
,
’

Ho no u rable M aids l eads o ff ,

Et e rn alT w in s that co nq ue r De at h an d Time .

,

Pe rpe t ua
l adv o ca t e s in He av e n an d Earth
Fair c has t e im mac ulat e an d all-div i e
, , ,
n
,

Gl rio us alo n e be fo re t he first man s birt h

o
’
.
” 3

l T he ll l i
in th e F n n s h name I MATA R , s u o se d y
sy ab e TA R o c c urs a ga n i i L pp l
i
mea n n g Da ug h te r o f th e A ir ” It is w e re c og n se d t ha t the a n gua ge o f
. ll i l
i l
F n an d a b o un ds in C ha dea n sur a s, l
a n d th e
‘
F n n sh s uflixviv l
“
ta r,
”
i i
iv l
e q u a e nt to the da ugh te r o f, is se e m ng y o n e o f th e se
”
Cf Popu la r i l . .

Poet ry of the Fin ns, C B illso n .

J . .

2
i . 13 1.
3
E l iz a betha n S on n ets, R c h a rd S m t h i i . Ed S Le e
. . .
2 84 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SY MBOL ISM
He r M aj e s ty h e re be e n su pp o se d to m ean Q u e e n
has
Eli z abe th b u t t he Eli z abe th in t he p o e t s m i n d w as
,
’

e vid e n tl he Dau ght e r o f Zi o n who glori

“
y t w as all o us ,

withi n EL Iz z A -B ET H i e t he H o u se o f t he L ight
-
,
. .

o f God .

I t is bvio u s that J eslznrnn o r I S RA EL re fe rs fre

o
“

q u e ntly t o so m e thi n g mo re th an an hi s to ric tribe o f S e m itic

de mo n-wo rshipp e rs an d th at I S RA EL he o r she is so me ti m e s
, , ,

a p e rso n ific ati o n o f t he i n divid u al s o u l wan d e ri n g in t he

wild e r n e ss I s u gge s t th at t he n ame I S RA EL re so lve s itse lf

.

”
n a t u rally i n t o Is t he L ight o f RA , t he e t e rn al S u n which , ,
”
has e xi s te d fo r e v e r EL
“
t he Fi rs t C au se t he p ri n cipl e
,
1
,

o r b e gi n n i n g o f all thi n g s
“
The p o e tic I S RA EL th u s ” 2
.

a pp ears as a n e xt e n s i o n o f t he n am e E Z RA Ri s i n g o f
“
,

L ight, a n d as an o th e r p e rso n ificatio n o f t he D ivi ne E sse n ce

3 ”

Light o r Co l o n y in t he so ul
, .

I t was sa id o f Wi sdo m She is t he b right n e ss o f t he

“
,

e v e rl as ti n g L ight she is m o re b e au tif u l th a n t he S u n a n d

,
“
ab o v e all t he o rd e r o f Star s In so m e p art s of Ital y .

‘
Ci n d e re lla is e n titl e d L ISA BELLUCC IA a nam e o bvi o u sly ’

a ki n t o I SA B ELL A whi c h m a m ean e ith e r B e au tifu l L ight

y ,

T he Shi n i n g o f t he L ight The syll abl e s ELL A as in

”
“
or .
,

Ci n de re ll a are fo u n d in stella a star ; an d aster a n al te r

, , ,

n a tiv e w o rd fo r s t ar is re l ate d t o A S HTA R O T H ,

AS HTA RO T H .

a n d A S T A RT E are a pp e ll a ti o n s o f I S HTA R a n d I S HTA R has b e e n ,

id e n tifie d with E ST HER a n am e which is radically id e n tic al ,

wi t h t he Z e n dic sta ra a star The G re e k ve rsi o n o f the ,

.

B o o k o f E sth e r co n tai n s t he re markabl e p assage little

1
Com p
mes EZ RA a nd Z ERA H , b o th s a d to m e a n
a re t he na r s ng o f i "
ii
i C/2r is tzan Na mes, He e na M S w a n l
”—
L ght . . .

A L exic on of Free m a so n ry , Mac k e y, 2 29 p . .

Th s is the d e n t o n g e n in Mrs S wa n s Ch ristia n Na mes

i fi ii ivPr m a r y i il
3 ’
.

p l
it ro b a b y me a n t E2 o r IZ R A , th e L g h t o f R A i .

4
i
W s do m o f S o o m o n l vii .

5
Cin dere lla , p . 2 8 1.
 O NE-EYE, TW O -EYES , TH REE-EYES 2 85

ennta in
f beca me d th e re was l ight , an d t he
a riv er, a n su n , an d

mu ch wate r Thi s rive r is E ST HER, an d t he t wo

. drago n s
"
are I an d H A MA N In Eccl es i astic u s a s i m ilar
. pi e ce o f

au tobi o graph y is pu t i n t o t he m o u th o f I al so
came o ut as a bro o k fro m a rive r an d as a c o n d u it i n to
'

a gard e n . I said I wi ll wate r my be st garde n an d will

, ,

wate r ab u n dan tly m y garde n b e d an d 10 my brook beca me a

,

riv er an d m riv e r b e c ame a I will t m k m

, y s ea .
ye a e
y
2 86 THE LO ST L AN GUAGE O F SYM BOL I SM
d o ctri ne to s hi n e as t he mo rn i n g an d will se n d fo rth her ,
‘

l ight afa r o fi I wi ll ye t p o u r o u t do ctri n e as p ro ph e cy an d

.

l e ave it to all age s fo r e ve r The Rabbi s se e m t o p rese rve

.
” 1

so m e traditi o n o f a s1m 1lar i n t e rp re tati o n wh e n th e y cal l

Esth e r t he
”
“
hi n d of t he D awn an d in t he Tal m u d it is ,
2
st ate d th at he r co m p l e xi o n was t he c o l o u r o f go l d .

In t he ab o ve e m bl e m s o f L ISA BELLU C C IA o r C IND ER ELLA

’

’
s he is seate d o n t he z igz ag s o f e fiu l e n ce an d is ado rn e d
g
with t he h air j e we l o f t he Daw n go dde ss .

O n t he sc ro ll e m e rgi n g f ro m t he m o u th o f fig 68 1 is .

a wo rd th at w as al m o st c e rtai n ly M A N A S b u t two s tro ke s ”

.
,

o f t he l e tt e r N have u n fo rt u nat e ly b ro ke n away MA NA S .

in San scrit m e an s m i n d o r an o f th o u ght

“
u n cti o n o f
”

g ,
f ,
”

”
c o gn iti o n an d acti o n t he ego o r 1n div idu alisin g p ri nciple
,

so m e ti m e s c all e d t he rati o n al h u man so u l The

‘
or .

Cre sc e n t M o o n was t he badge o f bl u e b e arde d SIN t he -

,

Assyri an G o d o f Light an d t he wo rd Ci n de r ell a is in ,

d u bitabl y rel ate d t o SIN T he e tym o lo gy o f o u r wo rd .

Cinder is so su gge stive th at I q uo te it ve rbati m fro m

W EDo wo o o s Dictiona ry of English Etymology
’
“
It s h o ul d
b e w ritt e n Sinder co rre s po n di n g t o Ge rman Sinter ; D u tch
,

Sindel Sintel O ld N o rse

,
Sindr s ig n ifyi n g in t he fi rst pl ac e
t he b ri ll i an t spark s which are d riv e n o ff wh e n whit e -ho t i ro n
-

is b eat e n o n t he an vil th e n t he black sc al e s t o which t he y

,

t urn wh e n c o ld an d the slag o r d ro ss o f iro n o f which th e y

,

are c o m p o se d The o rigi n o f t he wo rd is se e n in O ld

.

No rse Sindra to sp arkle t o thro w o u t sp ark s— a p aralle l

, ,

fo rm with Tyna ra t o sp arkle ’

,
In G e rman y Z nncler is .

u se d as a sy n o n y m with Sinder The O ld No rs e o f o u r .

wo rd T IN D ER is S INDR I = a fli n t fo r striki ng fire asso ci at e d

with a ti n kl i n g so u n d .

The n ame S IN DB A D is do u btl e ss o f s i m il ar de rivati o n to

1
xxv . I
.

2
B ibl e Folh L o re, s
a n o n ., p . 198.
 O NE-EYE, T W O -EYES , THREE-EYES 2 87

S INDR ELLA an d to t he Te u t o n ic na m e s S INDBA LD, me anin g

“
parkli n g p ri n c e
s an d
,
S INDBERT m e an i n g s p arkli n g
“

”
bright . The S e ve n vo yage s of S IN D B A D we r e o n c e alle go ric ,

an d th e i r sy m bo li s m has be e n w o rke d o u t in c o n s id e rabl e

de tail by E A Hitchc o ck
. . In t he thi rd o f t he S e ve n
.
1

vo yage s S IN D B A D l ike I SS I ULYSS ES a n d BISSA T bli n d s

, , , ,

a o ne -e y e d m o n s t e r .

Th e R e d B ook f A pp ia n Ne w Yo rk , 1866
1
o , .
 CHA PTER X II

THE EYE O F THE U N IVERSE

O n t he ea rth t he b ro k e n a rc s , in th e he a v e ns t he Pe rfe c t Ro un d .

BR W I GO NN .

Le t us the n l
ma n a b orn o e t
a c k n o w e dg e De s te h is utmo st p . pi
ef pl
fo rts , we re b e ma d e n o ug h t o e m o y t he m , he c o uld n o t s uc c e e d in e ha us t~ x
l p i l l
in g h is an g uag e o ft he o e t ca e e me nt wh c h is n h e re n t in it, in s tri ng i i ppi
l i l vi
it o f b o sso m, fl o w e r, a n d fru t, a n d e a ng it n o t h n g b ut a b a re a n d na k e d i
s te m . He ma y fa n c y fo r a mo m e n t t ha t he h a s suc c e e de d in do n g th s , b ut i i
ill l
it w o n y n e e d fo r h im to b e c o me a tt e b e t t e r li l
h o o g e r, to g o a tt e p il l li l
de e p i t
er n o the s tudy o f th e wo rds wh c h h e is u s i i n g , an d he w i ll d i v sc o er

t ha t he is a s re mo te fro m th i s c o n s u mma t o n a s e i v er .
”-
TR E NC H .

T HE xp re ssi o n o n e-e ye d was n o t u se d i n variably in an

e

u n favo u rabl e se n se an d t he Eye o f S H IV A t he Eye o f

, ,

HO RUS an d t he Eye o f Z EUS we re ti m e h o n o u re d sym bo l s

,
-

o f D ivi n e O m n i sci e n c e WO TA N t he bl u e clo ake d All .

,
-

Fath er o f N o rth e rn myth o lo gy was said to p o sse ss a so litary ,

e e u n d e rs to o d by myth o l o gi s t s t o p o i n t b e y o n d all d o u bt
y ,

t o t he S u n t he o n e e ye which all day l o n g l o o k s d o w n fro m

,

H eav e n u p o n t he Eart h In t he m i n d o f ST M A TT H EW
” 1

t he s i n gl e e ye w as t he e q u ati o n o f L igh t
“
T he light o f .

t he b o dy is t he e ye : if th e re fo re thi n e e ye b e si ngle thy , ,

wh o l e bo dy sh al l b e fu ll o f light .
” 2

In fig 682 a re c o n cili ati o n o r ato n e m e n t o f t he two

.

ci rcl e s is in pro g re ss a n d t he d u al s ight is m e rgi n g i n to t he

s i n gl e e e o f L ight
y .

1
A ry My th l gy G W C x p 9 3
an o o ,
. M tth w vi 2
. o ,
. 1 . a e . 2 .

288
 THE EYE O F THE U N IVERSE
The s i m ilit u de o f G o d t o circl e is c o mm on t o the o a

lo gian s a n d philo so ph e rs In t he pict u re w riti n g o f a n ci e n t

.

M e xic o t he D e ity is re p re se n te d by a ci rc le p re ci se ly as was

1
O RMUZ by t he P e rs i an s an d A SSU R by t he A ssy ri an s , .

The Egyptian s c o n s id e r e d G o d as t he Eye of t he

U n ive rse an d a p o i n t withi n a ci rc le was re garde d by th e m
“

as a sy m b o l o f t he D e ity s u r ro u n d e d by e t e r n ity : a gl o b e

typifi e d th e su p re me an d e ve rlas ti n g G o d 2
.

The Gre e k fo r Su n is Helios i e t he Shi n i n g Light ,

. . .

—
The A ssyri an S u n G o d S IN t he E n gl i s h “
su n a n d t he , ,
”

D u tch z o n we re p ro babl y o n c e is-ln is-nn an d iz -on , , ,

t he L ight o f t he O n e or Light o f t he Su n It is o n e .

of t he axi o ms o f P hil o logy that vo we l so u n ds are e q ual to

o n e a n o th e r an d h ave l itt l e if a n y i n divid u a l i m p o rtan c e ;
3
, ,

t he 0! of sol m u s t th e re fo re b e e q u al to EL m ean i n g G o d _
,

an d P o w e r a n d t he Ic e l an dic Sw e di sh D an i sh Lati n an d
, , , , ,

1
G t Cit i
rea f t h A i t W o l
es o d T A B
e k l y p 367 Em n
n c en r , . . uc e , . . e rso

i hi E
n s y ssai l f t th U tt i b l
o n c rc e s re e rs th fl yi g P fe t
o e na a na e as
“
e n er c
”

d w h i h th h d
a ro un c fm e v m t
an s o an c a n n e er ee .

f Free mas on ry Ma c k e y
2
A L exicon o , .

3
V o lt i
a re de fi l
n e d e t ymo o g y as a sc e n c e i in wh c h i v o we s s l i g i fy n n o th n g i
a t a ll a n d c o n s o na n t s v y l i t tl
er e .
”
U p o n th s i Ma x Miille r c o mme n ts
“
It
is on ly in th e p re s e n t c e n t ury t h a t e t ymo o g y l h a s ta k e n its ra n k a s a Sc i e n c e,

an d i
it is c ur o us t o o b s e r e t h a t wha t V v l i i
o ta re n t e n de d a s a sa rc a s m has
n o w b e co me o n e o f its a c k n o w e dg e d l p i ipl ” — S cien ce
r nc e s. f
o La ng uag e ,
i
z ud s e r e s , 2R S p . .
2 90 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
-

Po rt ug u ese sol m ay b e e q uat e d with Is EL t he Light o f ,

” ”
EL . Ital ian s call t he S na i l Sole t he so litary o n e and , ,

t he F re n ch soleil m ay b e e q u at e d with sole il o r EL t he S o l e ,

a n d S o litary G o d th e M o n o cl e o r Lo n e G re at EY E
, .

The Ch ald e e s sy m b o li se d EU SO PH t he L ight o f L ife by , ,

an e q u il a t e ra l t ri a n gl e a n d by t he Hi n d o o s t he gre at A U M
,

dw e lli n g in t he i n fi n ite is si m ilarly fig u re d The Egypti ans .

re gard e d t he Tri a n gl e as Nat u re b eau tifu l an d fr u itfu l ,

a n d t he e n ci rc l e d Tri angl e h e re with will th u s e xp re s s t he

wo rds o f PLU IA RC H ' ‘

T he are a withi n thi s t ri an gl e is t he
‘
c o mm o n h e arth o f th e m all an d is n am e d t he Plai n o f ,

T ru th in which t he R easo n t he fo rm s an d the pa tte r n o f

,
’

, ,

all thi ngs that h ave b ee n a n d that sh al l b e are store d u p

, ,

no t t o b e di s t u rb e d an d as Et e rn ity dw e ll s aro u n d th e m
, ,

from th e n ce Ti me like a s t re am fro m a fo u n tai n fl o w s

.

, ,
1 ”
do w n u po n t he wo rlds .

“
The Z o f Z EUS fo rm i n g the ce n tre o f fig 687
,
t he o
.
,
"
EYE o f Z EUS which se e s all an d k n o ws all c o n s i st s o f th re e
.
,

s t ro k e s a n sw e ri n g t o t he Tr iple ray A c o mm o n b u t .

hith e rt o u n de ciph e re d sym bo l o n G n o st ic ge m s is t he le tt e r

S o r Z thrice re p eate d an d trave r se d by a str aight ro d
”
thro u gh the m iddl e Thi s is agai n t he H o ly O n e a nd t he
.

tripl e rays corre sp o n di ng t o t he th ree e xcl ama ti o n s Sa nctus

\

Sa nctus Sa nctns ! The ch ar act e rs su rro u n di n g fig 687 .

c o n s i st o f fi v e diam o n ds an d t he l e tte rs A U O M The .

th ree s tro kes attach e d t o t he right o f t he A are aga i n t he

1
0 the Ce
n tio f
ssa O a l n o Th G
r c es . tic p 8 2
e n os s, . 2I .
 THE EYE O F THE U N IVERSE 29 1

three rays an d th e se thre e ray s wh e n attach e d t o the H oly

,

O NE c o n s titu t e o u r l e tte r E .

Th ere was a w o rld famo u s E i n sc ribe d o ve r t he-

O rac le at De l phi Be cau se thi s ch aracte r has fiv e p o i n ts

.
l
,

th e G re e k s c o ns id e re d it t o b e e q u ival e n t to t he n u m e ral5 ,

say s Ki n g o th e r s mo re p rof o u n dl y i n t e rp re te d t he
“
b ut , ,

le tte r as mean i n g by it s p ro p e r so u n d 1n t he G ree k al ph abe t

t he d e c lara ti o n Ri Thou a rt as add re sse d to t he G o dh ead
, , ,
‘
th u s maki ng it e q u ivale n t to t he title 0 O N the livi n g ,
”

G o d so f re q u e n tly give n to J EHO V A H

’
.
,

The fiv e po i n ts of
E cau se d it to b e re garde d as
e q u ival e n t t o t he fiv e p o i n t e d S o l o m o n s S e al It was ’
- .

e s te e m e d t o b e t he l e tte r o f L ight a n d it s a pp earan c e in fig ,

.

688 stam p s th a t e m bl e m as an o t he r ~e xam ple o f t he Si n gl e

:

Eye o f L ight The l e tte r E which by d e sign o r c o i n cide n c e

.
,

is t he fifth ch aracte r in t he Egypti an P h oen ici an Gr ee k , , ,

an d Lati n alph a b e t s fo r m s t he Ke
8
y f o
,
L igh t in fi s
g 6 9 1 .

a nd 692 .

1
S ee P uta rc h l ’
s Es say, 0n the E at Delt hi
The G n ostics , 29 7 .
1 p . .

3
Co m are pA n d Ma ry an swe re d an d sa d t o the S a v io ur, No w w e k no w ,
i
0 Mas te r, fre e y, sure y, l l pl i l
a n y, tha t th o u h as t b ro ug h t th e e ys o f the K
Myste r es o fthe n gdo m o f L ght, w h c h re m t the s n s o f so u s that the y ma y
i Ki i i i i l
l i p
b e c ea n se d a n d b e t ra nsfo rme d nto ure g ht, a n d b e b roug h t n to the li i
” —
Light . Pistis S ophia .
2 92 THE LO ST LA NG UAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
 T H E EYE O F THE U N IVERSE
T he character T wh e th e r in its large o r sm all fo r m w as
, ,

si m il arly t he l e tte r o f light T o r t he Tau cro ss w as t he

.

si n a ta u t he si na ture o r m ark o f e n light e n m e n t m e n ti o n e d

g g ,

in E Z EK IEL as b e i n g b ran d e d u p o n t he fo re h e ad s o f t he
e l e ct an d it s san ctity is e x e m plifi e d in t he e m bl e m s h e re
1
,

p re ce di n g .

The Lati n T w as o rigi n all y writte n it w as su b se

q u e n tly al t e re d t o x an d t he st ro k e with which w e n o w
”
cro ss o u r small t s is a re ve rs i o n t o t he o rigi n al cro s s
’
.

The Ci rc l e s h e re with e xhibit all f o u r ch aracte rs fig 69 3 .

69 3

t he o rigi n al pl us S ig n figb se q u e n t X o f L ux
. 694 t he su

an d fi s 6 a n d 69 6 t he m o d e r n l arge an d s m al l T
g 95 . .

In t he M ayan al ph ab e t T w as e xp re sse d by t he sa m e
”
S ign as t he Lati n T an d al so by an e qu il ate ral tria n gle In .

t he Gr e e k al ph ab e t D o r delta is e xp re sse d by a t ri an gl e a n d ,

it wo ul d se e m th at t he m ean i n g e xp re sse d by T an d D was

o rigi n ally id e n tic al Thi s ide n tity m ay e xpla i n the i n te r
.

cha n geabi l ity o f T an d D fo rm u l ate d in G ri m m s Law as ’

for e xam pl e in Tins an d Deus t he Te u t o n ic an d Lati n

, ,

t e rm s fo r D e ity The Gre e k fo r G o d is Theo: an d t he Th

.

o f thi s wo rd is s i mp l y a vari a n t o f T o r D In t he .

1 ix .
4
.

3
S e e The A lp ha bet , Dr Is a ac Ta y o r l .

3
S a cred My s teries a mong the Quiches , Le P o n g eo n l p . x11

V OL . I .
2 94 T H E LO ST LANG U AG E O F SYMB O L ISM
t ii
n c an an Gre e k al phabe ts Th w as de n o t e d by a ci rcl e
d
divide d i n to fo u r q uarte rs 1
.

The S ansc rit wo rd dyn m ean i n g brillia nt an d resp lendent , ,

is su ppose d t o b e t he ro ot o f D EUS D IES D IA N A D IEU a n d , , , ,

so fo rth ,
b u t dyu is a wo rd o f tw o syllabl e s an d is i n c o r
re c tl d scrib e d as a r o o t T h t u e ro o t is t he dee o r dy
y e e r .
,

an d it is e vi e n t th a t thi s m o n o syll abl e c arri e s in it se lf t he

d
idea o f brilli an ce ligh t an d spl e n do u r Th u s t he Lati n
, ,
.

D ens o r D ies an d t he Span i s h D ios re so lve s i n to the

Shi n i n g Ligh t The m ean i n g e xp re sse d by t he Gre e k
.
”

Theos o r t he Ge r man Tins is p re ci se ly t he sam e an d in t he ,

n am e Z ens we are aga i n c o n f ro n t e d with t he vari ability o f

Z with T D o r Th The sam e i n te rchan geabili ty is

, , .

app are n t in Tuesda

y a n d Z iesta
g o r D ie nsta
g t he an ci e n t ,

an d m ode rn G e r m an fo r Tu esda y .

In fig 687 (a nte p 2 90 ) Light w as re p re se n te d by the

.
, .

le tte r Z an d j u dgi n g fro m t he sig n ific an t fre q u e n cy with

,

which thi s ch aracte r e n t ers i n to t he n ame s o f Su n-Go ds an d

i n to wo rds havi n g relatio n to b rillian t l ight I sugge st th at ,

in t he sam e way as M an d N w e re o n c e hi e ro glyphic

r e pre se n tati o ns o f sea w aves so Z was at o n e ti me u n d e r ,

s t o od to e xp re ss t he d e sc e n di n g z igz ag s 0 f t he light n i n g

fl ash .

O u r word Z ed borro w e d f ro m t he Ph oen ici an s is

, ,

p ro bably t he P ersian wo rd iz od with t he i wo rn o fli The

I z e n s we re acco rdi n g t o Zoro as trian th e osophy t he thi rty
, ,

arch an ge l s o f O R MUZ t he Lo rd o f L ight a n d th ey p re s id e d

-
, ,

as g uardi an spirit s o v e r t he thi rty da s o r dies o f t he m o n th

y .

1 lph b t th i l tt was l xp
In th e G re e k d by
a a e s e er a so e re ss e

a p i t w i th i
o n i l d i th ld lph b t f It ly it i
n a c rc e , a n n e o a a e o a s

exp d by X i
re ss e i l t b f fig 7 5 Th Q k
n a c rc e a s a a se o . 0 . e ua e rs

a re i d t h v d p t d t h d t l th
sa o
“
a e d ath f o e e en a ou
”
an
“
ee o

th i v yd y p h
e r e er at t mi d
s f th P i m l
e ec as a co n s a n re n er o e r a

B e th
r a S pi i t d i fig 765 th
0r ymb l i th
r , anX f m n . e s o c or or s

70 5 th h dl
e f t h K y f Li f
an e o e e o e.
 T H E EYE O F THE U N IVERSE 29 5

T he le tte r X, t he c ro ss f Lax, w as
k n o w n to t he Gre e k s
o

as xi an d t he syll ab l e xi 2 i o r si e vid e n tly o n c e m ean t Fir e

, , ,

or Light It o cc urs s ig n ifican tly in X IUT LEC UT LI t he

.
,

M e xican G o d o f Fi re ; in X ILO NEN a M e xican Go dde ss in ,

Z IZ I an d Z Iz A E u ro p e an e q u ival e n t s o f I S IS in Z IO t he o ld
, ,

High Ge rman fo r Z e U s ; in t he H e b re w Z ION o r Light o f

t he S u n in t he G re e k e q u ival e n t ELISYO N o r Shi n i n g L igh t

70 6

o f t he Su n in t he Hi n d o o S IV A , t he fi e ry su n l ight , an d in
the Gre e k Z EUS .

‘
T he F re n ch fo r light n i n g, ecla ir, is ph o n e tic a lly a h—cla re, t he
gre at shi n e t he It al i an fo r light n i n g, ba leno, is e vide n tly
de rive d fro m BELENU S, t he n am e o f t he C e l tic APOLLO t he
G e rm an fo r light n i n g, blitz , w e may l e giti mat e ly re s t o re i n to
1
belitz o r beliz , t he “ brill i an t light o f BEL A n o l d e r fo r m .
”

o f blitz w as blit z e, which re so lv e s i nt o bel— ih— z e, t he great

fire of BEL o r t he fire o f g reat BEL The P o rt u g u e se fo r
”
.

light n i n g, ra io, an d t he Span i sh rayo, are s u gge stive o f RA .

1 In th e Ma ya n a lp h ab e t t he s oun d T5 wa s e xp re s s e d b y the S ig n x
29 6 THE LO ST LA NG U A G E O F S YMB O L I SM
The Fren ch word fo r blaz e is rayon an d as a z is e qu ivale n t ,

t o iz o u r w o rd bla z e m ay lik e blitz b e r e s t o re d i n t o beluz e

, ,

t he Fir e of BEL W e h ave h e re p erha p s t he o rigi n o f t he

.
”

words blast bliss blush an d bless an d of t he pro p e r nam es

, , , ,

BLA IS E and BELA SSES Th e r e was e vide n tly so m e close co n

.

n e c tio n be twe e n t he p agan B A A L o r BEL fir e s an d t he

Chri sti an ST BLA S E BLA IS E BLA YS E e tc In EN G LA N D , , , .

ST BLA S E S Day w as fo r m e rly m ark e d by se v e ral s ig n ific an t

’

O b se rvan c e s— t he l ighti n g o f t ap ers b o n fi res o n hill s e t c , ,

.
,

an d at BRA DFO R D in YO R K S H IRE a fe s tival is s til l h e ld in his

l
me m ory e ve ry fiv e years .

I t was c us to mary amo ng t he an ci e n ts t o e mp lo y divi n e

n ames as adj e ctive s— as n o wad ay s w e al so do wh e n u si n g

g ood, ga udy
j ov ia l m a rtia l
, m ercuria l sa turnine
,
an d , , ,

v enerea l It is al so e vide n t th at divi n e n a m e s serve d

.

a n d still se rve n o t i n fre q u e n tly as n o u n s O f a c e rt ai n .

I ri sh divi n i ty name d B RESS which m ean s b eau tifu l it is , ,

“
re c o rde d that e ve ry b e au tifu l thi n g in I re l a n d wh e th e r
”
plai n o r fortre ss o r ale o r to rch o r wom an o r m an w as
, , , ,

c o mpare d with him so th at m e n said O f th e m ,

“
that is a ,
”
B R ESS . Thi s c u sto m is sti ll appare n t in J A PA N wh e re t he ,

word Ka mi G o d is u se d al so t o m e an an ythi n g an d e v e ry
, ,

thi n g th at is in an y re spe ct G o d lik e -

.

Th u s it is pro bable th at t o BEL t he G o d of L ight t he , ,

Co n q ue ro r of t he Dragon we o we t he Fre n ch adj ective bel , ,

me an i n g b e au tiful good an d h o ne st In t he E as t Bel was

, ,
. .

u s e d as a ge n e ric t e rm fo r L o rd 0 r R u l e r
. .

The A n gl o -Saxo n w o rd fo r b right whit e an d s hi n i n g , ,

was bla c e vid e n tly Be LA c t he G re at Be l ; an d j u s t as t he

, ,

Gre e k s u se d Knep haio s t o de n o te dark n e ss o r i n sc ru tability

a n d t he Hi n do o s KR IST NA t o m e an blo ck so w e n o w ,

1
A B ooh of th e S a in ts , L H Da wson , 24 . . p . .

3
Cel tic My th a n d Leg e n d, C S q u re , 50 . i p . .

3
S hin to, W G A s to n , 5. . p . .
 THE EYE O F T H E U N IVE RSE 297

em plo y t he te rm bla ch in it s se c o n dary se n se i e , . . t he di re ct

o pp o sit e o f t he S ax o n bla c .

In fig 7 0 7 t he l e tt e r Z s ur mo u n ts t he h ead of
. an 0 x o r

B U LL t he an i mal that is said t o be l lo w an d wh o se n ame

, ,

Bull or Bulloch is a ffi l i ate d to BEL or B ELLO C 1

Th at at is .

radic al ly t he sam e as a s is s h o w n by ab u n d an t e vid e n c e ,

s u ch fo r i n sta n c e as t he id e n tit b e tw e e n o ur Oa k -tr ee an d

, y ,

p p p L C
Co m a re t he ro e r n ames B A K , B A K E, B
1
L U LLOC
H, a n d B E LLOC
l i l p
a so the H gh a nd la ce -na me BE LLOC N UY
HA T l l
In the c ase o f o c a na m e s .

il l l lv i
t he ra w ma te r a s o f a n g uage do n Ot e n d t he mse e s w th th e s ame fa c t y ili
a s o ther wo rds t o th e p p ii i
roc e sse s o f de c o m o s t o n a n d re c o n s truc t o n , a n d

v i
m any name s ha e fo r th ousan ds o f ye ars re ma ne d un c h a n g e d, a nd s o m e
i li i
t mes n ge r ro und th e n o w de se rt e d s t es o f t h e pl i
a ce s to w h c h th e y re fe r .

T he name s o f four of th e o de s t c t e s o f the wo r d—HE R

l ii l B ON
, G AZ A, S I DON ,

a n d HA MATH, a re s t ill p
ro n o un c e d b y t he i i
n hab t an ts in p i l
re c se y t he sa me

m w
a n n e r as th p h p th i ty f ty t i g d fyi g ft
as e ca se er a s r or or c e n ur e s a o, e n O en

tim th p
es i ste t tt mpt f l t b t itut m th
e e rs n a e so m D i g
ru e rs o su s e so e o e r na e. ur n

th th e h u d d y
e re f th G
n re k l e ars o t t mp t w m d b y th
e re e ru e , a n a e as a e e

co n qu t h g th
e ro rs am
o c f HA MAIR t Epip h i
an e e n b t th
e Oi t ’ ‘
o an a , u e anc en

a pp llati li g d th l ip f th
e on n e re u d i ng t ib
ou e d h s w o e s urro n r e s, an as no

re s um d it e w y w h i l th G
s s k a m h
, b e ut t l y f g t t
e re e Th na e as een er or o en. e

na m f A h wh i h w fi d i th Old T t me t wa
e o cc o, c e n p d d f om
n e es a n , s s u e rse e or s e

t i m b y th G
e ek m e f Pt l mai
re Th i is
na w f g tt
e o d t h pl c
o e s. s no or o e n, an e a e

g oe b y thes m f A KKA na Th G e k
e o tt m p t d t i m p . th i m
e f r e s a e e o o se e r na e o

Nic p li n t h t w
o o s o f Emm eb t i v i ; f
o n o th m d m a us, u n a n or e o e rn na e,

A MWAS t ill ,ts th vi t l i ty f t h

s a sse r i e t d i g ti
e a W d i th
o e a nc n es na on . e re a n e

B k f Ch
oo o il t h t S l mo b i lt TA DMOR i t h w i ld
ro n c e s a o o Th n u n e e rn e ss . e

Roma t t mp t d t o i mp
ns a e it th e
e m f Ad i a p l i
ose b ut t hi
on na e o r no o s, s

a pp lla ti h utt ly p i h d d th Bed i t ill g iv th

e on as er er s e i t am
,
an e ou ns s e e an c e n n e

o f T dm a t the d or lat f re t f t and pro t t l m wh i h m k

o e so e o s o e re c s ra e c o u ns c ar s

t he i te f th i ty f the palm
s o e c Wo d o d Pl c s D I T yl s.
”
r s an a e , r saa c a o r,

p 256
. .
298 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMBOL ISM
t he A ngl o S axo n Ac tre e Si m ilarly t he D e vo nshi re Rive r
- - .
,

O C K is k n o wn alte rn ativ e ly a s t he EX E b o th nam e s acc ordi n g , ,

t o B A RIN G -GO U LD b e i n g trac e ab l e t o t he sam e C e l tic ro o t s

, ,

a n d t he di ffe re n ce be i n g du e t o t h e re h avi n g be e n t wo
di sti nct b ranch e s o f t he Ce ltic fam ily pl an t e d o n t he ri ve r
o n e ab o ve t he o th e r T he l e tt e r X which I h ave sy ste
1
.
,

m at ically d e c o d e d as t he sy m b o l o f light is n am e d exe an d , ,

”
ph o n e tically thi s is ecse t he G reat L ight ,
X is e m pl o ye d .

by mat he matici an s as t he fi rs t o f t he u n k n o w n q uan titi e s an d ,

a m o n g Ch ri s ti ans it is an a bb re vi at e d s ig n fo r t he n am e o f

C H R IST .

At t he Dio nys iak o r Great D i o n ysian F e stivals it was

c ust o m ary fo r t he asse mble d wo rshipp e rs t o rai se l o u d
s h o u t s o f Axie Ta ure l — u n d e rs t o o d by P L U TA RC H t o m e an
“
Wo rthy is t he Bu t t he a hc lamat io n o r g re at
clam o u r o f Axie see m i n gly o n ce m ean t A t z e G reat Fi re ,

o r L ight — a m e a n i n g t o which m an y o th e r ch e e rs a n d

glo rias o f the p re se n t day are trac eable The m o de rn .

“
Ch ri stian ch an t s so me wh at u n witti ngly ab o ut rai si n g t he
”
Trisagion fo r e v e r an d aye Trisagion e q u ival e n t to
.
3
,

Lati n Ter-sa nctus is tris—agion ; i e a th ric e re p e ate d sh o u t

,
. .
-

o f ag ian l G re a t S u n o r O n e T he Ge rm an Hoch ! is still

.

to day u n de rsto od t o m e an High day

- T he w ar-c ry o f .
” ‘
1
“

t he an ci e n t G re e k s Was Eleleu i e ele lu t he shi n i ng light

. . .
, ,

a n d t o thi s t he H e b re w s se e m t o h av e add e d JA H m aki n g 1t ,

Ha lleluja h ! o r Alleluia ! T he N u n s o f St M ary s C HES T ER

’

, ,

u se d t o s i n g a Hy m n Qui crea v it ctr/um lully lully la an d

, , , ,

t hi s m y ste ri o u s lully lully la is a su rvival o f t he e c static

,

cr I a luz Ia luz i e t he Ev e r- e xi s t e n t L ight ! t he Ev e r

y ,
. . . .

e xi s t e n t L ight

The S e m itic fo r F ire an d Light is Ur wh e n c e Ch ri sti an ,

1
Dev o n ,
p . 16
. G r eeh Qu estions , 36 .

3
Hy mns A n cien t a nd Mode rn No, .
42 3 .

1
‘
Origin f Pop u la r
o S up e rst it ion s, T S ha r
. p er Kn o wlso n , p .
53
.
 THE EYE O F THE U N IVERSE , 2 99

na me s s uch as U R IA H ( U RJ A H) an d U R IEL are b o th de fi n e d

in n a m e -dicti o nari e s as m e an i n g God is my L ight o r Fi re ” 1
.

The B riti s h Hooray ! o r Hurra h m ay in all pro bability b e

re so lve d i n t o Ur-ra o r -Ra , t he light o f RA At t he S u n
y .

Festivals o wo rshipp e rs ra i se d t ri u mph an t sh o u ts

f P ERU t he
o f Ha il/i which is see m i n gly a late r fo rm o f o u r m o re
p ri m itive Ha il ! an d o n e m ay pictu re t he pri m itive B rito n s
o n S ali sb u ry P la i n an d o th e r s it e s o f p re hi sto ric S u n -w o rs hip ,

waiti n g in s i le n t e xp e ctati o n fo r t he D aw n an d rai s i n g

e c s tatic s h o u t s of U R RA H as t he gr e a t E e of D a ro se
y y
o ve r t he h o ri z o n an d o p e n e d u p o n th e m .

The B riti sh three ch e ers or Tri sagi o n may b e c o m p are d

with t he e xpress io n Sela h which o cc u rs at i n te rval s in t he ,

H e br e w Psal m s an d is n o wadays su pp o sed t o have m e an t

“ “
a p au se It is ph o n e tically Sila h ! the Fire o f t he
.
”

Eve rlasti n g .

The V iv e ! o r V iv a s ! o f t he La ti n n at 1o n s 15 r e late d t o
V IV A SV A T a San scrit n ame fo r t he Su n t he So u rc e an d
, ,

G ive r o f Life The wo rd la ns as in La us D eo b e fo re it

.
, ,

mean t “
pra i se m u st h ave be e n la us t he Light o f t he
,
“
,
”
Eve rlasti n g an d we m ay agai n re co gn i se it in thi s pre hi st o ric
,

se n se in SA N TA CLA US o r as it sh o u ld b e w ritte n S A N T , ,

A C LA U S t he H o ly Great Light th at has e xi ste d fo r e ve r ”

, .

Th e se same t wo syllabl e s la -as are t he co n c l u sio n o f

t he n am e ELELEU S o n e o f t he su rn am e s o f APOLLO a n d
,

D ION YS O S .

“
Wh e reve r says Max M ull e r we an al yse lan guage
,
“
,

in a t ru ly sch o larlike spirit wh e th e r in Ic e l and o r in Ti e rra ,

del F u e go w e shall fin d in it t he k ey to so me o f t he d e e p e s t
,

s e cre t s o f t he hu ma n m i n d an d t he so l u ti o n o f p robl e m s ,

in phil o so phy an d re ligi o n whic h n o thi n g e l se c an su pply

’

1
or JA H is s imil ly ppa t i UZZ IA H
ar a ren n , ZE DEKIA H
, HEZ EKIA H,
O BADIA H J ER EMIA H
, , K EZ IA H d J EDED IA H
, an .

.
3
Pe ru , Pre s c o tt, C h II . .
300 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
E ach l ang u age wh e th e r San scrit o r Z u l u is l ike a palimp
, ,

se s t which if care f ully h an dl e d wi ll di sclo se t he origi n al

, , ,

t e xt be n e ath t he su p e rfici al writi n g an d th o ugh that o rigi nal ,

te xt m ay b e m o re diflic u lt to re c o ve r in illit e rate lan gu age s ,

e t it is th e re n e v e rth e l e ss Ev e ry l an g uage if p p rly

y ro e .
,

su m m o n e d wil l reveal to u s t he m i n d o f t he arti st w ho

,

fram e d it fro m it s e arlie s t awa ke n i n g to it s l ate st dream s

, .

Eve ry o n e will teach u s t he sam e l e sso n t he l e sso n o n ,

which t he wh o le Sci e n c e o f Th o ught is base d th at th e r e is ,

n o l a n g u ag e witho u t r e aso n a s th e r e is n o r e aso n witho u t ,

"1
lang u age .

A n an al y si s of t he se v e ral t e r ms fo r ma n soul or sp irit , ,

re ve als the ti m e -h o n o u re d b e li e f th at t he h u man race

e m e rge d in it s i n fa n cy fr o m t he G rea t L ight a n d tha t ,

e ve ry h u m an so ul w as a sp ark o r f ragm e n t o f t he Ev e r

Exi st e n t O ve rso u l The Egypti an fo r ma n was se t he .

i
,

G e rm an fo r soul is seele co gnate with Sala h l an d

m e a n i n g lik e wi se t he “
Light o f t he Eve rlasti n g The .

D u tch fo r soul is z iel t he fi e ry light of God an d t he , ,

E n gli sh soul was o n c e pr e su m ably is ol t he e sse n c e o r light of ,

God ”
The He bre w fo r ma n is ish an d fo r wo man isha
. .

T he Lati n homo is O M t he Su n as al so is t he F re n ch homme , ,

a n d time t he F re n ch fo r soul is app are n tl y t he Hi n do o A U M

, ,
.

The a n ci e n t M e xic an s t rac e d th e i r de sc e n t fr o m an an c e s to r

n am e d C o xc o x ie a ch och se a ch,
och se
. .t he Gre at , ,

Great Light t he G re at Great Light The Te u to n s cl ai m

3 ”
.
,

to h ave de sc e n de d fro m TIU o r T U ISCO an A ryan G o d o f ,

L ight an d t he n am e T UISCO m ay b e re sto re d i n to tn is

,

a ch O t he
“
brilli an t light o f t he Gr eat
,
A Ge r man
1
B iog r aphies o f Wo rds , In tro .

3
W e ma y se e s i m ila v r o we l i
e ro s o n go i ng o n at t he p re s e n t da y, a nd

t he wo rd cu te w ill so o n tak e it s pl ac e in the d i ti

c o nar e s i in a dd t o n toii
its ro e r fo rm
a c u te, p p .

3
i li
Th s do ub n g o f a t t e is a w o r dw de c o mmo n a c e , il l i pl s i m il ar to o ur

i
K n g of Ki
n g s a n d Lo rd o f Lo rds , V e ry G o d o f V e ry G od
”
.
 THE EYE O F THE U N IVERSE
\1ame for t he b o r n man w as A S K R i e a s a ch ur
fi rs t -
! “
. .
, ,
”
the l ight o r e sse n c e of t he Gr e at L ight The w o rd a skr .

mean s also ash tre e an d t he G re e k s i magi n e d that o n e o f

-
,

t he ar c e s o f m e n s pr a n g fr o m as h-tr e e s T he A S H o r IS H .

tr ee was the sy m bo l o f Light a n d sac re d t o t he so le -e ye d

WOTA N an d t he e xpre ssio n so n of t he ash-tr ee w as u se d
,
1 ”
as sy n o n y m o u s with man .

No t o n ly do t he ge n e ric te r m s fo r man so ul an d spi rit , ,

re veal t he a n ci e n t c o n c e ptio n b u t t he sam e ari sto cr acy o f ,

th o ught is man ife st in m an y i n divid u al n ame s an d su rna m e s .

The Sco tch U RE is t he H e b re w a r ; E RIC o r H ERR IC K

is a r ih ; H A RR IS an d R HYS w e re o n c e ar is H A W K ER ,
.

or HO C K ER are in all p robabili ty t he same n am e s as K ER R

o r C A RR The P e rs i an O MA R is p aralle l with t he G re e k
.

H O MER a nd b o th n am e s m ay pr o b ably b e e qua te d with

,

a mor an d a mour pri m arily m e an i n g sunli h t o r sa nf re a n d

, g ,

se c o n dari l y lov e Th e nam e A NN is a n the Su n an d AN NA

'

.
,

is t he same as a na t he A ssyri an word fo r hea v en an d A NU

, , ,

t he A ssyri an n am e fo r t he Al l-Fa th e r The Sc o tch IA N o r .

IO N is ide n tic al with t he C o n ti n e n t al H A H N an d t he E n gli s h

J OH N pro n o u n c e d in co u n t ry di s trict s JA H O N JA H o r JE
,
- . .

is H e br e w fo r t he Eve r— Exi st e n t an d JO H N JO A N a n d J A N E , , ,

m e a n t he e ve r-e xi st e n t O n e o r S u n So lik e wi se d o e s t he .

E u ro p ean JO HA N o r J EA N an d t he P e rs i a n J EHA N e xp re ss t he
Egyptian te n e t Th o u h ast be en b o rn a go d So n o f t he
“
, ,

O ne , a n d t he H e br e w
“
Ye are go d s : an d all o f yo u are
,

children o f t he M ost
T he n ame s J ESSE J ESS IE an d JO S E m ean ,
Eve r-Exi st e n t
,
“
Gre at Light . The C o rn i s h Jo N is t he
”
e v e r-e xi s t e n t

S u n light an d thi s same me a n i n g u n de rl i e s J A N US JON A S

, , ,
“ ”
JON ES JO H N S an d H A N S H IC K S is t he Gre at Lig ht
, ,
.
,

HO C K EN HA CO N a n d H A A K ON are t he G re at Su n o r Great
, ,

1
Millle r , S cien ce ( J L a ng uag e, ii. 47 8 .

3
Ps a m l lxxxii .
30 2 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
O ne, an d HA c o , H UG O ,
an d JA G O ,
t he
“
Eve r—Exi sten t
g rea t O .

.
”

The c t y o f t he h u m an Ego t he I m yself

high an e s r ,
“
,
”
t he
“
I o f t he fi rst p e rso n s i n gu l ar is r e fl e cte d in t he Gre e k
a n d La t 1n t e rm E o t he G re at T h e A n gl o -S ax o n fo r
g ,
“
I was Ic an d t he O ld E n gli sh l ie T he D u tch is Ih
”
.
,

t he Ic e l an dic is Eh an d t he G e rm an Ich The F re n ch J e

,
.

m e an s t he e ve r e xi st e n t an d in t he Dan i s h an d Sw e di s h l eg
-
,

an d l a e are aga i n c o n f ro n te d with v e r e xi s t e n t grea t

“
g w e -

one . The Lith u an i an fo r I m yse lf is A sz i e t he light

“ “
,
. .

o f t he s t r o n g L ight
”
a n d in t he S an sc rit Aha m th e re is as
, ,

it we re a n echo o f t he w o rds I A M
,
“ 1
.
”

T he J e o f ev er— existent o cc u rs in J A HW E o r J EH OV A H ;

in JO V E which is t he sam e wo rd as J EHOV A H in J U P IT ER

, ,
“
e ve r e xi s t e n t F ath e r in t he J a p an e se
”
i e l u p ita r t he
. . .
,
-

J IMMU an d in JU MA LA t he Fi n n i s h A LL F A T H ER The ,
.

latt e r n ame m ay b e re so lv e d i n to JU M t he e ve r-e xi ste n t

'

,
”
G o d w ho ha s e xi st e d fo r e ve r
”
Su n ,
A LA o r ALL A H t he ,
.

In G e rman y S A N TA CL A US is k n o w n al te rn ative ly as
K n e cht ( K n ight) C LO RES C LO EES is t he same wo rd as o ur .

lobes a n d t he ro o t o f b o th is t he syll abl e ob o n c e m ea n i n g

g , ,

t he sa m e as Orb Ob m ea n i n g a ba ll is t he fo u n dati o n o f
.
, ,

obus a ba ll an d al so o f obolus a littl e b all

, ,
The w o rd bolus ,
.

o r l arge pill is obolus with a l o s t i n iti al an d t o t he sa me ,

ro o t are trac e a bl e b ow l a ro u n d b all an d bow l a ci rc u l a r

, , ,

u t e n s il Globe m u st o rigi nall y h ave b e e n ag cl obe t he

.
,

Gre at O rb o f G o d C LO EES will th e re fo r e l ik e A C LA US

‘

.
, ,

1
P m b ly
re su ll d w i th th pl i g f n y th t E h w th v i
a so c a e e eas n a c a c o as e o ce

o f th e G rea t 0 .

2
On as c e n d n g i t h e th ro n e o f h is fa th e rs , A D . 1868,
. Mutsuh i to , the lat e

Emp e ro r o f J p th
a an , u s a dd re s s e d h is p pl
:
eo e My ho use , t ha t fro m Ji mm u

Te n s hi h a s ld v
ru e o er J p a an a c c o r di g t
n o th e w ill o f th e g o ds, is th ld t
e o es

dyn a st y o n ea rth , a n d is c a rr e d i b ac k t e n t ho usa n d yea rs b e yo n d Jimm t u o

im
th e t e w he n o ur D ivi ne a n c e s to rs li
a d th e fo un da t o n s i Of t h e e a rth .
”

JIMMU i s the sa m e as t h e En g li h J IMMY f m f J AMES

s ,
a or o , o r, a s it us e d t o

b p
e ro n o u n c e d, J EA MES ,
i e th e
. . E v l t i g S li gh t
er as n un .
 THE EYE O F THE U N IVERSE 30 3
1
have me an t light o f t he Gre at O rb o f G o d an d
t he
“
,

we may e q u a t e
”
“
K n ight CLO BES with OB ERON t he Fai ry ,

Ki ng Hob w as a wo rd use d l o n g ago t o de n o te a sp rit e

1
'

.
,

and it s u rvive s in H o bgo bli n .

A s O is i n t e rch an g eabl e with A it fo l lo w s th at a b t he , ,

H e bre w te rm fo r Fath e r is t he sam e as ob The wo rd ”

,
. .

a byss so fr e q u e n tl y a ppli e d t o G o d is f u n da m e n tally a b is

, , ,

an d t he B abyl o n i a n fo r a byss was a bz a t he Fi re a n d L ight ,

o f a b t he Fath e r o r t he orb o f Da
”
y It is a l so p ro b abl e .

tha t ob as in observer is t he hub o f t he U n ive rsal Wh e e l

, , ,

an d t he ro o t of t he t e rm ubique m ean i n g h e r e th e re an d , , ,
4
e ve rywh e r e .

Oa bl is t he C e l tic w o rd fo r hea v en a n d t he F re n ch fo r ,

hea v en an d fo r shy is ciel i e t he Light o f G o d ,

. . .

The a n ci e n t s had a c u s to m fo r which philol o gi sts h ave

“
c o i n e d t he p le asan t te rm o n o m ato p o esi s Thi s say s .
”

,
”

Max M ull e r is o n e o f t he s ec re ts o f onoma topoesis o r

“
,
'
,

na m e po e try th a t e ach n am e S h o u ld e xpr e ss n o t t he m o s t

,

i m po rtan t o r s pe cific q uality b u t th at which st rik e s o u r

”
fan cy .

It appar e n tl y stru ck t he anci e n t fancy th at an ythi n g

ro u n d o r circ u l ar was lik e t he O rb o f Da Th u s t he
y .

L ith u an i an s cal le d an apple obolys which is si m ply obolus , ,

a littl e b all The I ri sh fo r a ppl e is a bha l t he Gae lic ubb a l

.
, ,

a n d t he R u ss i an ia bloho a w o rd which re solv e s i n t o ia bel , ,

o rb o f god
”
t he oho t he gre at , ,

Am o n g t he an ci e n t M e xic an s t he w o rd on se rve d to
‘

de n o te an ythi n g ci rc ular T he C e l t ic fo r circle is hib .

1
5

Co m p n a me s : JOB, JOBSON , HOBBS HOBSON , O BEN, O BA DIA H,

1
a re ,

HO BDAY, e tC. G

3
Co m BNER A BS A LOM A BDIEL t
p a re A d vwl , , ,
e c ., a n as o e s a re i n te rc h a n
ge
abl l th S di vi IR d th G m IBAC H
e , a so e c an na an an e er an .

C mp
3
A BYSS IN IA ( ld
o pi t l AKU ME) d A R A B IA
a re o ca a an .

‘
1
Th d Rub y w
e re p b b ly m d ft b th fi as ro a na e a e r a r u e, e e ry o rb .

L Pl g
3
e Q M p 5
on e on, uee n oo , . 1 1.
3 4
0 THE LO ST LA N G U AGE O F SYMB OL I SM
a h 2b , t he gre at o rb , an d fo r round, hrenn— a h a r en, t he
”
g reat fire su n .

It w o u l d app e ar to b e o n e o f t he p ri m e cl u e s t o lan gu age

th at sh arp an d bl u n t c o n so n an ts su ch as S an d Z T an d D , , ,

P a n d B we re o rigi n ally ide n tical o r at all e v e n ts had a

,

val u e so n e arly id e n tical th a t th e y m ay b e gro u p e d to ge th e r

lik e m al e an d fe male o f o n e sp e ci e s Thi s fact is r e co gn i se d .

in t he alph ab e t o f P it m an s Sh o rth an d wh e re P an d B T
’

, ,

an d D Ch an d J K an d G e tc
,
are r e p re se n t e d by t he sam e
, ,
.
,

sig n s b u t light an d dark

,
th u s : \= p \= b ; l = t I= d , , ,

=e h =j ,
k g In accordan c e with thi s
, .

rul e t he ob o f t he R u ssi an Gael ic Iri sh an d Lith uan i an , , ,

app l e b e c o me s t he ap of t he E n gl i sh app le the G e rman ,

1
apfel t he Ic e l a n dic ep li The k n o wl e dge t hat ap is e q ual '

.
,

t o ob o r orb e n a b l e s u s t o re d u c e t he n a m e Ap ollo i n t o
’

”
o rb o f t he L o rd Eve rlas ti n g
2
zip ol lo t he ,
.

I am t he EY E w it h w hic h t he un i e rsev
B e ho lds it self an d k n o w s it self div in e ,
A ll harm o n y o f in st ru me n t or v e rse ,

A ll p ro phe c y ,
al l m e dic in e are m ine ,
A ll ligh t o f A rt an d N at ure to my so n
g
V ic t o ry an d p raise in t he ir own ri ht be
g l on
g .
” 3

Ap m u s t b e t he ro o t
Gree k ap o m e an i ng far of t he “
,

aw ay a n d it m ay al s o b e e q u at e d with o u r up an d up w a rds
”

, ,

b o th m ean i n g t o ward s t he o rb it is al so t he fo u n dati o n o f

o timus t he b e st an d o f op timism o r fait h in t he high e s t
4
p , , .

i
Th s e tymo ogy o f A le
“
ppl
is c o n rme d b y t h e Fre n c h p o mme, i e
”
fi . .

ll l
op o m, th e S un Ba ; a so b y p o mo l o, th e n a me fo r a g an t o ran g e The w o rd i .

o ra ng e re s o e s n t o ar -a lv i
n - e th e
j , g o de n e e r a s t n g S un l v l i .

2
A mo n g th e Pe ru an s cap a e wa s n o o n vi a n ad t ly j tiv
ec e me a n i n g g rea t
a n d p o w erfu l , b ut it wa s a s o a n a me fo r th e S un lA . PSU an d A PASO N w ere
l iv U
a t e rn a t e fo rm s o f A RZ , t h e Ba b y o n sh g re a t A b ys s l i .

3
S h lle y
e , Hy mn of Ap o l l o .

4
Hig h ma y s i m il ly b
ar e e q uate d i
w th t o wa rds the Io r Eye .
 TH E EYE O F TH E U NIV ERS E 3 5
0

Co u n try p eo p le pro no u n c e up c o p an d t he child s hoop ,

’

may h ave b e e n so n am e d b e c au se it w a s a ci rcl e lik e t he

Sun . Op is n o t o n ly t he ro o t O f hop e a n d happy b u t it is
al so t he fo u n da tio n O f op tics op tica l an d o th e r t e r m s r e l a ti n g , ,

t o t he e ye o r e ye b al l The w o rd eye ph o n e tic ally I ”

.
, ,

may h av e arise n f ro m t he fact th at t he e ye is a ball l ike t he

Su n an d thi s id ea ru n s thro ugh t he e t ym o l o gy O f e ye in
,
’
m an y lan g u age s .

O p s o r O PIs w as o n e O f t he n am e s O f J U N O the u n iq u e
’3
, ,

e ve r-e xi s t e n t O o r as s he w as so m e ti m e s k n ow n D EMETER
, , , ,

t he M o th e r O f b ri llia n t sple n do ur O Ps w as t he giver O f .

o s rich e s wh e n c e t he w o rd op ulent p l ty i f n d am e n tally

p , ,
en s u

op ulenty a n d t he
,
Lati n for p lenty is eop ia a h—op e—ia A , .

sy n o n y m fo r p lenty is a b-un-da nt e .

The syll abl e O P m ean i n g Eye o cc u r s in m an y prop e r

‘

, ,
“
nam e s a n d pl ac e n a m e s n ota b l y in ET H IO PIA a n d E U R OP E
-
, .

Co x tran slat e s E U R OP E as m ean i n g t he spl e n d o u r Of

” “
m o rni n g a n d t he w o rd is al t e rn a tiv e ly re n d e re d
, t he
Bu t t he t wo syl l abl e s O f E U R OP E a re si m p l y
”
b ro ad-e ye d .

a re ve rse d fo r m O f t he E ngl i s h s u r n a m e HOOP ER t he E e o r

y ,

H o o p o f Light i e t he Su n It is a c u ri o u s coi n cide n c e

,
. . .

th a t in t he I sl and Of L EW IS (L LEw light) th e re is a plac e :

n a m e d E R R O P IE c l o se t o which is EY E P e n i n su la
, .

Withi n t he O PE o r H o o p o r Agap e o f fig 7 0 8 app e ars t he

4
.

l e tte r P The e arli e st fo rm Of P— j u dgi ng fro m figs 7 0 9

mM o n s B riq u e t s co ll e e
. .

t o 7 1 I which a re re p ro d u c e d fro
"
’
.
,

tio n o f arch aic P s— w as a s h e ph e rd s c ro o k an d P in th e se

’ ’

e m b l e m s s tan d s se e m i n gly for PA t he F a th e r t he Sh e ph e rd , , ,

a n d Bi s h o p O f all so u l s .

Th e S i t f Ey i A K S HI
a n sc r or Li t h
e i A KIS L t i
s uan a n , a n

OCU LUS ( di m i t iv f O CUS) G

nu k O MMA S w d i h 0 6A R
e o i 0 K0
,
re e , e s -
, us s a n

Sp an si h OJO ( = v xi t t P t g e e r-e O L HO ( L d
s en or u ue se or
2
Pi h ( T
nc es R ligi f B by l i
. d A y i pp 7 9 3
e on o a on a a n ss r a, . I , .

3
C mp o HOPPS HOPE O PIE JO PE J EPPE J OPPA
a re , , , , ,
.

4
A g ap e is th e G ree k fo r Lov e .
30 6 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OLISM
Pa , which acc o rdi ng to Max M ulle r m e an s no t to beget
Gr e k an d t O f t he
1
bu t to
p rotect an d to nourish,e is t he ro o

Lati n p a ter o f t he Itali an pa dre an d Of p a rens a pare n t

,
'

, , .

The P e rsi an fo r “ ”
F athe r is p ida r the Sansc ri t p ita r t he , ,

M ao ri p a ta an d in see m i n gly all language s p a o r p i o n ce

,

m e an t t he Pare n t t he P ro te cto r an d t he F e e de r
,
Sr ,
.
'

N IC HOLA S— a sy no n ym fo r SA N TA CLA US o r F ath e r Ch ri stm as

-is said t o h ave b e e n b o r n a t P A TA RA
; a n d in I taly t he
F e s tival o f ST N IC H OLA S is cal l e d Z O PA IA i e t he Fire
2 ' ‘
,
. .

Fath e r A sym bo l Of t he Su p re me Fath e r was t he P eaco ck

.
,

an d thi s e mbl em m ay b e se e n e mbro id e re d o n t he ve st

m e n ts o f Cath o lic e ccl e siastic s The P eac o ck l ike t he G o o se
.
, ,

was t he Bird o f J U NO o r O Ps o bvi o u sly be c au se O f t he

'

bl u e i rid e sc e n t e ye s Of it s w o n de rf ul p l umage It is fabl e d

3
.

tha t A R O US su rn ame d PA NOPT ES o r t he All-se e i n g was

,
“
,
”

ch an ge d i n to a P e aco ck an d if t he n ame A RO US b e an alyse d

, ,

it yi e ld s a r goose t he Fi re Gh o st o r Spirit
,
In the .

figu re h e re wi t h A RG US stan di ng u p o n a T o r Ta u C ro ss
s u rm o u n t s t he O rb The Fr e n c h fo r P e ac o ck is p a on i e
.
, . .

1
Chip s , 11. 22 . 2
B ran d, A n tigu ztzes ,
' ’

p . 22 6.
3
Co m p a re t he b l i id
ue r e sc e n t o a l
p .
 THE EYE O F THE U N I V ERSE 30 7
t

Fa th er- Sun, an d if
k n o ck O fl t he n e gligibl e cocle o r hen
we ’
,

t he n am e pea cock re so lve s i n t o p ea o r p i t he Fa t he r

l
.
,

The H o ly Gh o st is s ym b o li se d in Ch ri s ti an ity by a
Do ve a n d t he H e bre w fo r dam is jona h
,
T he jon O f .

i on a h r e app e ars in t he E n gli s h a n d F re n ch p i eon a w o rd

g ,

re so l vi n g i n t o p i a on t he F a th e r o f t he Ev e rl as ti n g O n e
j ,
.

The C e ltic n am e s fo r a p igeon are a ube t he b rilli an t o rb ’

, ,
“ ”
an d hlom i e a h el om
,
. . Gre at Lo rd t he Su n 2
At t he
,
.

B apti sm O f Ch ri st t he H e ave n s are said to h ave O p e n e d

an d a D o ve o r P ige o n t o h ave d e sc e n d e d t o t he wo rd s ,

Thi s is m y b e l o ve d So n in wh o m I am we ll pl e ase d Pi
”
.

o r p a t he Fa th e r is t he ro o t Of p ity p ea ce a tience a n d O f
, , p , , ,

t he n am e s P A U L PA U LU s e tc The t wo syll abl e s O f PA U L

8
.
, ,

co al esc e fre q ue n tly i n to PO L wh e n ce P OLLO C K P O L S ON , , ,

POLL Y P O L DI e tc an d i n n u m e rab le plac e -n am e s su ch as

, ,
.
, ,

PO LDHU o r BA LDH U P OL T ON an d BOLT ON P OLP ERRO an d , , ,

B ELP U R PO L w as a titl e O f B A L DU R t he APOLLO O f

.
,
4

Scan di navia an d BA LD U R see m i n gly o n c e m e an t t he

,
”
e n d u ri n g B A LL o r t he e n d u ri n g B AA L The East e r n .

BAA L may b e e qu ate d with t he Dru idic B EA L which , ,

acc o rdi n g t o C l tic a n tiq u ari e s m ea n s t he life o f e v e ry

e ,

thi n g o r t he so urce o fall be i n gs Pa is i e t he e sse n c e

6 ”
. . .
,

o f t he Fath e r is t he G re e k fo r son an d p a our agai n

,
” 6 '

, ,

t he
“
light o f t he Fath e r is Ce ltic fo r son Pa 147 t he ,
”
.
,

Fath e r Of L ight is t he o rigi n o f p ojover which in F re n ch is

, ,

i a nce t he light o r e ss e n c e O f PA T h C ltic fo r sp irit

p u ss , e e .

is p oell an d p ot le is t he F re n ch fo r stov e ; G e rm an stube

, ,
.

Eve n t o-day in J ap an t he do m e s tic c o o ki n g-fu r n ac e is co n

side re d as a De ity
’
Pa tria rch m u st o rigi n ally h ave b e e n
.

C mp
o
n m e PO C OC
a re s u r aK G t G t F th or re a re a a e r.
2
C mp
o l mb
are co o d l mb e an co u a . l

3
P l i q l t PO EL G d t h F th
au se ua o C mp l J OEL d J AEL th
, o e a e r. o a re a s o an , e

Ev Exi t t G d B th l m w ( J f B iti h I l p 884

4
e r- s en o . G tt ar o o e . aze e er o r s s es , . .

P f F b l p 37 5
5
k Ag
ea co c , e o a e. . .

FA IS H i C ih s a m o rn s W G A t
s urn a S hi t p 44
e.
7
. . s on, n o, . .
30 8 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM

p a ter-a rch, an G d m e an t
re a t F a th e r T h e p a tr o n sa i.n t Of

I re l a n d is pr e su m ably a c o rru pte d fo rm o f PA T ER IC K t he ,

G re at F ath e r a n d t he S ha m ro ck o r Cl o ve r l e af may b e re
,

garde d as t he th re e fo ld sym b o l o f a c lov er t he Great Lo ve r

'

.
,

l n fig 7 13 t he l e tt e r P e m b e lli s h e d i n t o a p as t o ra l st aff
.

s u rm o u n t s t he S o l ar Wh e e l o r S u n Fl o w e r t he G o ld e n ,

B u ll s Eye O f t he U n ive rse

’
.

T he Dai sy o r “ ”
dy z i fo r m e d like a littl e ye llow su n
,

e n ci rcl e d by radi ati n g w h it e fl o re t s w as h e l d t o sym b o li se

,

t he Eye o f Day, a n d t he gi an t vari e ty o f Dai sy is c alle d

a n Oxeye .

In figs 7 15 a n d 7 16 t he P o f the Great P are n t app ear s

.

u p o n t he h ea d O f a n O x In Egypt t he sac re d O x was

.

kn o wn AP IS i e op is t he Eye Of Light
as ,
. .
,
.

O u r wo rd O x ph o n e tic ally oh se was e vid e n tly b e st o we d

, ,

b e cau se app are n tly fro m t he d awn o f h u man life t he O x

w as re gard e d as a sy m b o l O f t he C re at o r t he S o lar Savi o u r , ,

t he G re at L ight Th e S an sc rit fo r B u ll is nhsha n i e

.
, . .

uhisha n t he g re at S u n light
,
The Gr e e k fo r B u ll o r O x
.
,

ta uros is radic ally ta n o r T a n d m ea n s t he b ril l i an t an d

, ,

s t ro n g L ight .

T he gia n t O x Of C e n tral A si a 13 c al l e d a Ya h i e Y a h ,
. .

Or L a b t he Eve r-e xi ste n t G re at O n e T he m o st a n ci e n t

,
.
 THE EYE O F THE U N I V ERSE
te r m fo r D ION YS O S w as IA KC H OS, which t he syllabl e c u o s Of ,

as in A R O US is e vid e n tly c o g n at e with o u r goose an d ghost

, .

IA KC HO S will th u s re so lve it se lf i n to t he Ev e r—e xi s t e n t

Grea t Gh o s t Spirit o r B re ath an d thi s hig h sym bo li s m O f
, , ,

the G o o se will p e r h ap s a cc o u n t fo r it s o th e rwi se i n e xplic a bl e

Italian n am e s oca an d p ap ero .

In fig 7 17 t he Z is bl az o n e d o n t he Eagl e O f O m
.

n i o t e n ce t he Bi rd O f Fi re t he H awk O f G o ld E as t a n d
p , ,
.

we st t he E agl e h awk w as i n vari ably t he sym b o l O f t he s u n

- .

In Egypt H awk s w e re k e pt in t he Su n go d s t e m pl e w he re
’
-
,

the D e ity hi m se lf w as re p re se n t e d a s a m an with a h awk s

’

head an d t he di sk O f
G re e k fo r
t he Su n o ve r it .
1
The
H awk is hiera x a wo rd t hat has m u c h p u z z l e d phil o l o ge rs
, ,

b u t which Obvi o u sly is hier sac re d o r h o ly t o a h se t he , ,

Great Light The Lati n fo r ha w /e is a ccip iter a w o rd

.
,

co n tai n i n g t he p iter o f J U P IT ER a n d r e so lva bl e i n t o a le se -

it G t L ight F ath e r T h e La ti n fo r E agl e is a uila

p ar ,
re a q .
,

an d t he Sp an i s h aguila The c o re O f b o th th e s e w o rd s
.

is e vid e n tly H U H I an Egypti an t e rm fo r G o d t he F a th e r

, ,

an d b o th th u s re a d a h H U III la t h e G re at F a th e r Ev e r ,

lasti n g T he I ri s h fo r E agl e w as a chil p ro b ably a t cl

.
2
, ,

F G ld B g h iii p
ra z e r, o 2 en ou ,
. . I1 .

2
I th Eg ypt i
n the O G d PTA H A TU M RA w
an e H / i th
ne o or as it t , e

Et l i t h h t f G d t h F th — C h h w d ( A
e rn a n e c a ra c e r o o S g e a e r.
”
urc ar . i n:

an d Sy mb l f P im di l l Vl
o s o p 365 r or a an, . .

V OL . I .
 3 10 T HE L O ST LAN GUAGE OF SYMB OL I SM
t he G re at G od w ith which we m ay co m par e t he F re n ch
,

aigle a n d t he E n gl i s h eagle
l
.

O n e O f t he su r n am es O f D ION YS O S was PU RIPA Is a ,

Pa r o r pyr is
”
wo rd u n de r stoo d to m ean So n O f Fi re
“
.

Gre e k fo r Fire an d the G re e k s so m e ti m e s calle d t he

,

L ight n i n g PU R D IO S i e t he Fi re O f D i o s o r DYA US t he
,
. .
,

Shi n i n g light t he Sky Pyre in E n gli s h m ea n s a f un e ral

, .

fire in U m b ri an pyr m ean s l ight an d in Ta hiti an p a ra

, ,
“
m e an s t o bl az e as a fire In S an s crit p ra ma ntha m e an s
”
.

t he s tick with which o n e ki n dl e d fire an d t he p a r o f ,

p ra ma ntha is no do u bt id e n tic al with t he p a r Of PRO MET IIEU S ,

t he traditi o n al B ri nge r o f Fi re .

It is rec o rd e d by o n e Of t he Gree k hi sto rian s th at t he

Slavs k ne w o nly o ne go d the fa brica tor of lightning wh o m , ,
”
th e y l ook u pon as t he rul e r O f all Thi s G o d re pr e se n te d .
,

with three b e ads was n am e d P ERU N an d w as po rtraye d

,

with a fie ry-red face su rr o u n de d by fl am e s H e w as

,
.

wo rshipp ed by t he R u ssian s t he B o h e m i an s t he Po l e s an d , , ,

t he B ulg ari an s A pe rp e tual fire was m ai n tai n e d in h o n o u r

.

o f P ERU N which if e xti n g u i sh e d w as r e ki n dl e d by sp a rk s

, , ,
2
s tru ck fr o m a s t o n e h e ld in t he h an d o f t he G o d s i m age
’
.

The n ame PERU N e vide n tly m e an t e ith e r Fi re o f t he

S u n o r t h e O n e Fi re ; a n b e i n g s till t he Fre n ch fo r one 3

"
an d t he r o o t O f a nus unit uni ue e t c P ER U N w as al so
q , , ,
.

1
B ag is S c an d na an fo r 0a h = A C i vi Th e Po rtuguese for Ha wk is A . R CO
i l
G re a t F re ) Our Ha ze/h is a mo s t de n t c a w th O R K, G ae c fo r
. i i l i li
t h e G rea t fis h . p l
C o m a re a so Hag , Old S c a n d n a an fo r a Ha w k Th e re i vi .

v i
is a a r e ty o f Ha wk k n o wn in En g a n d as a l
Ho b b y, a n o the r a s a G os
”

ha w k o r G re a t L ght Ha w k i .

2
Cf R eligion s Sy stems of the Wor l d,
. 261 p . .

3 T li
he re is n o do ub t th a t th e E ng sh on e t h e Fre n c h o n , a n , o r acn e ; t he
l x
S c o t c h a n d A n g o -S a o n a n e o r a n th e G e rm a n ezn La t n u n it s, the o n e
'

i
lig ht
” —
a l l me a n t th e S u n , t h e s o e o n e l
T h e F n n sh fo r o n e is ih o r y hsi,
. i i
th e g re at g h t
”
lit h e S an sc r t is eh i
t h e Bre to n u na n ,
“
th e o n e s un
”
T he .

l x “ ”
l
A n g o S a o n fo r o n y w a s a n lic, t e o n e - k e , un q ue
- . . li i .

4 p
C o m are th e En g s h surn ame PERR I li N .
 THE EYE O F TH E U N IVERSE 311

kn o wn PERA U N, i a t he S o l ar Fir e as PER KU NA S, which

as . .

w e may r e s to re t o PER-A K-U N-A S, t he Bl az i n g G re a t Su n

- —
Fi re ; and as PER KU NS, l o PER A K IN C E, t he Sp arkli n g
1
. .

”
Grea t F IR E .

The G re e k wo rd p a ra clete u se d by St J o h n to d e n o te
t he H o l y Gh o s t t he C o m f o rte r is radically p er a h cl t he , ,

Fi re O f t he Gre at G o d an d it w as p e rh ap s from P ER A K , ,

t he Gr eat Fi re th at t he E as t I n di an PERA K a n d t he A m e ric an

,

PA RAG UA Y d e rive d th e i r n am e s .
3

P ER U N m u st b e all i e d n o t o n l y to P ERU G IA o r PERUS IA ,

b u t al so to P ER U t he l a n d O f t he se l f-te rm e d
,
Childre n O f
The P e r u vi an S o lar h e ro w as n am e d P IR H U A
”
t he S u n .

“
MA N CA a te rm tran slate d by Sp e n c e as So n o f t he Su n
, ,

an d by D o n n e ll y as r e ve ale r Of p ir light 5 ”
T he syll a bl e , .

PER e ith e r a coal e sc e d fo rm o f p a a r or a co n t ract e d

,

fo r m Of op ar is sti l l t o -day a Scan di navi an Ch ri sti a n n am e

, ,

an d is Obvi o u sl y t he r o o t O f P ER CY PER C EV A a n d PA RZ IFA L , ,

— n am e s o n c e m e an i n g t he l ight o r stro n g l ight O f t he Fi re .

In P e r si an p ersica m e an s S u n an d t he F o u n d e r O f the ,

P e r sian M o n archy w as te r me d P ERS ICA ”

.

The E n gli s h su r nam e PU RV IS m ay b e e q u a t e d w ith

PEREDU R an al t e rn ative form O f PERC EV A LE or PA R S IF A L ;
,

t he su ffi x e s ~v is dur an d -v a l e ach mean i n g stro n g or

,
-
, ,

e n d uri n g .

The So n Of H EL IO S t he S u n w as n am e d PER SEs ; t he t g

daughte r O f P ERS ES was PER SEIS ; an d t he wife o f H ELIO S

was P ERS E PER t he Fi re o r L ight was d o u btle s s al so t he
.
, ,

ro o t Of PERC IDES P ERS EUS an d Of P ER S EP HON E o r PERO SER

, ,

1
Co m p a re t h e Eng li sh s urn a m e s PER R I NS , PR I N CE , and PER K I NS .

2
In ce = “
s p a rk li n g,
”
as in etin ce l l e a n d tin se l .

3
PER A K m a y we ll h v a i i
e b ee n t h e o r g n O f o u r j iv
a d e ct e p erhy , m ea n i n g
s p ightly
r and fu ll o f fire .

4
My tho l ogies of A n cien t ! M
exico a n d Peru ,
p .
53 .

5
A tl a n tis , p 39 . 1.

6
Pa yne - K i ght Sy m b
n , ol . La ng .
f A ncien t
o A rt a nd My th o logy , p . I4 5 .
3 12 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
P IN E w ho is h e re re p re se n te d with t he Fl e u r de -lys
,
1 -

tipp e d sc e pt re o f L ight an d is c ro w n e d with t he to wer

O f Tru th .

T he fam o u s P ER S EPOL IS o n e O f t he w o n de rs O f t he ,

Easte rn w o rld m u s t have m e an t PER SE-POL IS t he City Of

,
-
,

P ERS E t he light O f PER a n d t he l an d O f P ERS IA o rigi n ally

, ,

P ER S IS cl e arly o we s it s nam e t o t he sam e ro o t The

,
2
.

Pe rs e ph o ne ( Pr o r
se p in e ) e n t h ro ned. r
( G e h ard. Arc hl o lo g Ze it
. . In HI

Sp a n i s h P EREZ m ay b e e q ua te d with t he It ali an

s u rn a m e

PER IZ Z I a n d with t he P ER IZ Z IT ES O f t he O ld Te s tam e n t

, .

T he Fi re w o rs h ipp i n g P A R S IS w e re o rigi n ally— lik e t he

-

PA R IS H t he fo u n d e rs O f t he Ci ty Of PA R IS — t he fo ll o we rs
,
3

o r child re n o f PER In P ER U th e re is a t o w n n am e d PER

.
,

1 i Cl i l Di ti y b y p m i i
Fro m S m th
’
s a ss ca c on a r , er s s o n Of Mr J Murra y
. .

A lt t iv ly E L A M
“ ”
e rn a L d S e ,
or un .
3
Th m PA S t h li g h t f t h S
e na e m yb RI , e o e un , a e c o n t ra s t e d i
w th HEL EN
S E L EN A th M Th F gi l
’
or ,
eh h d oon . e re n c o nce a a r s nam e S ELENIS S A , i . e.

t h li g h t f t h M
e o e o o n.
 TH E EYE O F TH E U N IVERSE 3 3
1

in Co rn wall a plac e nam e d PA R a n d PA R R is a fam ili ar ,

l

E n gli s h su rn am e Cl o se t o Sto n e h e n ge is P ER HA M a n d
.
,

e l se wh e re in E n glan d w e m e e t with PERT O N PY R F O R D , ,

PU R B EC K PU R F L EET PER BO RO U G H a n d P IR B R IG H T
, , , .

T he Su n G o d P ER U N is p ro ba bly t he G o dfath e r O f t he
-

Sto n e am phith e atre in C o rn wall call e d P ER RA N RO U N D ,

which is s it u ate at P ERRA N Z A BU LO E a ru i n e d se ttl e m e n t ,

ab o u n di n g in p re hi st o ric re m ai n s In C o rn w all th e re is .

a P ER RA N W ELL an d al s o a P ERRA N PO RT H .

In S o u th A m e ric a is t he city O f PA RA in A s i a is ,

P ERA an d in De vo n is PA RA CO MB all p ro bably o wi n g th e i r

, ,
-

n o m e n cl at u r e t o a Sh ri n e o f t he F ath e r Fi re .

PA R t he fo u n dati o n O f o u r w o rd p a rent m ay b e e q u a te d
, ,

with t he Fre n ch p é re which m ean s fath e r a n d t he Su n

“
, ,
”

G O d P ERU N m ay p ro b ably b e e q u at e d with p ire an t he o n e ,

Fath e r .

Pur is Fr e n ch fo r p ure an d is t he ro o t O f p rime p rima l , ,

p r im itiv e
p re m ie
,
r a n d p g
r o ress
,
iv e Pe f
r ect o r a s t h e F.re n ch ,

have it p a rfa it m u st o rigi n ally h av e i m pli e d m ade by o r

, ,

like PER PER m e a n i n g through o r thorough is t he fo u n da

.
, ,

ti o n o f t he adj e ctive s p erma nent p ermea ting p ersev ering , , ,

p erv a siv e, p ertina cious,

p erennia l, an d p resent . Pa rdon m e a n s
t he dona tion gift or o f PER,
a n d j u s t as la us w a s p ri m a rily

t he light o f t he Eve rl asti n g so m u s t it s E n gli s h e q u ival e n t

,

p ra ise h ave m e an t
p er a z t he l ig h t o f P ER T he S an sc rit c
- .

Purusha is t he e q u iva l e n t O f t he ge n e ric t e rm AD A M The .

Fre n ch fo r sp irit is esp rit an d t he P o rt u g u e se fo r light is esp erti ,

Le t he light O f s hi n i n g PER
. In o u r wo rd sp irit an d in t he
.

Lati n sp iritus t he i n itial vo we l has ph o n e tically d e caye d .

Man y wo rd s n o w c o m m e n ci n g with sc st sp e t c we re , , ,
.
,

o rigi n ally sp e ll e d with a n i n iti al v o w e l a n d n ativ e rac e s ,

Oft e n fin d it i m p o ssibl e t o p ro n o u n c e s u ch a syllabl e as o u r

Cl t PA R
o se LUX U LYAN
o d S t B LA Z EY
a re PA R IS i
an C ih . s a o rn s

s urn a me .
3 4
1 THE LO ST LANG U AGE OF SYMB OL ISM
s chool yi n g isc hOOl o r su k o o l
with o u t sa The Gree k
wo rd p eri m e a n i n g h e re th e re an d e ve rywh e re is e q u ival e n t
, , , ,

t o t he Lati n ubique A P e rsi a n n am e fo r ra dia

.

wi n ge d spi rits is peri o r p a ri t he Ne w Z eal an d M ao ri

7 29

s p e ak O f t he fai ri e s as p a ia rehe wh o m th e y state dwe ll o n : ,

”
t he fi e ry m o u n t a i n n am e d P IR ON G IA a w o rd s u gg e s tive ,

O f Eve r Exi st e n t
- P ER U N an d al so Of PA R NA SSUS The .

H o m e O f t he P e rsi an p eri w as PA RA D IS E an d t he Garde n

3
,
:

S Mull S i
ee f L g g ii
e r, c en c e o 9 an ua e, . 20 , 2 10 .

C wo M i fN w Z l d p 3
an a or s o e ea a n , . 20 .

m D th H img g g i g h m
“
3
Th G me t er an s er ea eTh w d an , a o n o e . e or s :

H o me and He im b o th me a n O M, t h e S un , or OMMA , th e Eye .

 THE EYE O F THE UN IVERSE
Of H ES P ERIDES can n o t di ffe r from PA RA D IS E t he Shi n i n g
t he ,

L ight Of PER H Y P ER ION w as t he Fath e r O f t he Su n ;

.

H ES P ERUS was t he M o rn i n g Star who h e ralde d t he D aw n

an d asp ira nce m ean s Ho e T e Fr e n ch fo r d aw n is a ube
1
p h .
,

i e orb o r hoop t he Op e n i n g Of t he r adi an t Eye

. .
,
.

In figs 7 19 an d 7 2 0 t he I o r H o ly O n e is c o m bi n e d
.

”
with P form i n g t he wo rd 1P In figs 7 2 1 an d 7 2 2 t he
, . .

I fo rm s p art O f t he P in fig 7 23 th is sacre d in iti al .

,

ide n tifi e d with JESU S iC H R ISTU S a n d in fig 7 2 4 with t h e . .

C O f C H R IST US .

In fig 7 35 t he P O f t he All -P are n t is s urm o u n t e d by

.

t he S of esp iritus a n d essence in fig 7 36 with th e H e art o f .

Lo ve an d in fig 7 37 it is id e n tifi e d with t he Gre at B ear

. .

The O ld G e rm an fo r B ear w as p ero o r bero Th e m o d e rn .

1
Com pa e l p i wi p a d pi tio
r a so es o r, re, s ero , n as ra n.
2
P i b ly th i w d h
o ss su viv d i HIP ( A gl S a x
s or as r e n n o- on Heap e ), the na me
fo r the l i t tl d h
e ro u n
y p d b
or ei f t h H w
e -sth a n e e rr e s o e a or .
3 16 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
Ge rm an is ba r t he D u tch beer ; an d as b is appare n tly
,

e v e rywh e re i n t e rch a n g e abl e with o u r E n gli s h bea r will

re s o lv e i n t o ba ur t he Fa t he r O f L ight Th e B e a r s y m b o l
,
.
,

o f t h e S e l f— Exi ste n t was fig u re d u p o n t he Bi rd Of Fi re in

,

fig 3 12 (a nte p I I
. a n d in all l a n g u age s t he e q u ival e n t s
,
.

t o B ear m e a n al so L ight o r Fi re T he F re n ch ours an d t he .

La ti n ursa r e so lve i n t o a r se t he Fi re light an d t he San scrit , ,

riksha e xp an d s i n t o ur ih isha t he fire o f t he g re at I S HA , .

T he s i m ilarity O f thi s w o rd riksha ( b ear) t o rishi ( S hi n e r)

w a s t he pe g u p o n which Max M ull e r h u n g his o n c e all
u l a r th e o ry th a t m yth o l o gy W di sease O f
“
as du e to a
p
la n g u age In o rd e r t o fin d so m e e xpl an ati o n fo r t he B e ar
.

”
b e i n g n a m e d S hi n e r o r brilli an t he was d rive n to t he ,

fu til e su gge sti o n th at it w as b eca u se O f t he a n i m al s b right ’

e y e s o r fro m his b rilli an t t aw n y fu r

”
.
,

S o m e ti m e s t he B e a r is call e d B RU IN a n ame which m ay ,

b e e q u at e d wit h PERA U N o r P ER U N T he c o l o u r bra n o r .

brow n m ay h ave b e e n n a m e d aft e r t he c o l o u r O f B ru i n s fu r

’
.

T he All F ath e r O f Te u t o n ic m yth o l o gy w as n am e d BU R

-

bra is H e b re w fo r crea te bra o is C e ltic fo r good an d t he , ,

S o n s O f BU R are said t o h ave sl ai n t he p ri m e val gia n t s a nd to

h ave c re ate d t he C e l e s tial Sph e re s The r o o t bur m e an in g .
3
,

fire will acc o u n t fo r su ch wo rd s as burn burnished bra ss

,
”

, , ,

bra z ier bright brillia nt a n d breez e (C i n d e rs)

, , The Ge rm an
, .

fo r fire is brenn en a n d t he Sp an i s h brillo .

_

In Sc an di n avi an m yth o l o gy B RA G I So n O f O D IN w as t he:

b rilli an t gl e am i n g Lo rd O f t he Sky a n d Day an d t he c hieF ,
‘
o f t he Fi re M a id e n s w as n am e d B R U N H ILD E .

1 Th e m ost an c ent i fo rm of t he na me B ERTHA wa s PERA HTA th e I

B re t o n !o r p a rdo n is ba rd o n e Th e re is a h in C orn w a
. ill ll k n o wn a s PERTINNY
o r B A R TINE . l i
In n um e ra b e n s ta n c e s o f s m a r n te rre i il i l tia o n c an be a ddu c e d.
2
S cien ce f
o La ng uag e , ii 37 9
. .

3 R ydb e rg , Te n t . My tho logy , 389 , 4 18, 4 2 5, 428 .

W A L KUR E t he F re Ma de n s , re so
i i lv i
4 ’
V A L KYR E o r , es n to V AL K UR
s t ro n g g re a t Fire .
 T H E EYE O F THE U N IVERSE
'

17
3

The na me B R ID G ET
t race abl e t o BR IG H IT t he I ri s h
is ,

Go dde ss Of is so m e ti m e s re fe r re d to as
Fi re w ho
,
“
t he
Pre sidi n g Care a n d t he h u sb a n d O f B R IG H IT was n am e d

BR Ess O n e Of t he titl e s O f O PS o r C YB EL E w as B ER E
.

C INT HIA an d A G N I t he I n di an G o d Of Fire is altern ative ly

, ,
‘
k no w n a s B R IHA S PA TI The So n O f B RA H MA was n am e d .

BR IG H U a n d BR IG H U w as t he “
D i sco ve re r o f fire 2 ”

, In .

San scrit t he wo rd bhra ma m e an s whirli n g leapi n g fl ame a n d , ,

bhra ma m u st b e id e n tica l with t he divi n e n am e s B RA H MA

an d B RA H M The l att e r re so lve s i n t o bur a um t he F ie ry
.
,

S u n o r S o l ar F ire The n am e A B RA HA M is adm itt e dly

.

B RA HM t he Ge rm an BRA H Ms will m e an t he light o f BRA IIM ,

with which m ay al so b e co m pare d t he E n gli s h surname s

B RA M B RA H M an d B RO U G HA M The latte r is pro n o u n ce d
, ,
’
.

Broom an d the Broom an d G orse b u s h Of E u ro p e w e re pre

,

s u mabl so ch ri s t e n e d b e c au s e th e ir flam e lik e fl o w e rs h av e

y
t he app e ara n c e O f a r e at G o ld e n Fi re L ight
”

g or se t he G , .

In H e b re w Bra m m ean s “
fath e r Of a m u ltit u de .
”

B RA HMA is re p re se n te d as ridi n g u p o n a go o se— ag oos ,

t he Great L ight ; o r a g an d e r— ag a n dur t he Grea t En ,

d u ri n g Su n an d o n e o f t h e titl e s o f B A C C H US t he F ath e r ,

Go o se was BRO MIUS The Old Sco tch fo r go o se was

, .
6

cla his i e a h el a his t he G re a t G o d t he Gre a t L ight ; a n d

,
. .
,
,
”
in se e m i n gly all l an g u age s t he n am e s fo r “
go o se m e an t
al so S u n .
3

The r o o t BU R is re s p o n s ibl e fo r Inn u m e rabl e pl ac e n ame s -

an d prop e r n am e s an d fo r adj e ctiv e s su ch as burly

, ( or b ur

PATI, th e S h i i n ng Fa th e r ; B R IHA S , F re L ght i i .

2
M Miille r
.
,B iog r of Words ,
. p 190 . .

3
Co m p are BA RR , B RR U UP OR IS B AR UCH BAR KER BERNARD t
, B , , , , e c.
2
GA NDER m ay b e eq t d w i
ua et h CONDOR t h g i g t i g l f S , e an c ea e o o uth

A me r ca i S l
”
. Th e g a n n e t or g i
o an g
oo se s a se a oo se .

. l
S w g a s, Ic e g as , Da n g a a s , D u
5
. . . and G g a n s , L a ns e r
. . . Th e na me
bra n dt is a e d to a ppli
a r e t y o f go o s e a v i l so ba rn a cl e, L b ern a cla . or bernecha ,
Fr be rn ache
. .
 3 1 8 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE OF SYMB OL I SM
like brisk an d ho u t Of Bra v o w as it may b e
bra v e . The s ,
“
ass u m e d o rigi n al ly Bara v o o r Bur a v e
,
l h ail th e e BU R , ,
“
The wo rd a ppl au se p o i n ts s ugge s tiv e ly t o t he c o n cl u s i o n
that it w as o rigi n ally op la us a la us o r lan ding Of the ,

b e n e fice n t H o o p .

The n am e s burr an d burdock app l i e d t o t he spiky litt le

”
,

see d-ve s se l s O f t he h e dg ero w w e re e vid e n tl y b e s towe d with

,

t he p o e tic n o ti o n th at t he cli n gi n g b u r r was a m i n i at u re

Su n b all The sa m e n o t io n u n de r l i es t he n o m e n cla t u re Of

.

t he h e dge h o g which ro ll s it se lf i n to a p rickly b all

,
T he .

‘
Span i sh fo r he dge h o g is eriz o a n d t he F re n ch herisson bo th
”
, ,

O fwhich r e so l ve i n to ur is on i e Fi re Light Su n O u r ,
. . .

h e dge h o g is ph o n e tical ly eiog e v e rl as ti n g gre at o n e an d as

,

ch m u st b e e u iv al e n t t o s alt e rn a tiv e n am e O f urchin

q j it ,

Wallo o n uret han— will m e an Fi re Of t he Eve r e xi ste n t Su n - .

In t he e m ble m h e re with t he u rchi n is su rm o u n t e d by t he

fivefo ld light Of t he P are n t Fl am e .

Se a U rc hin sq —ro u n d s h e llfi s h with m u ltit u di n o u s spik e s

-

m o s t e xq u i s it e l y c o l o u re d— se e m i n gly de rive th e i r n am e fo r
t he sam e reaso n as t he h e dge h o g ; a n d t he Sw e di s h n a m e
fo r sea u rchi n is barre
- .

1
l
Ba r e y w a s in A n g l x
o -S a o n t im es i
wr t te n B aer lic, i e B u r - k e
. . li or B aer
l ik e, i li
Fa th e r-Of-F re - k e . The b e a rde d fire lik e s pi k e of l
b a r e y is ob vi ly
o us

th e c au se o f it s n a m e .
2
Burr, the G rea t S h i ne r.
”

2
B rea st is Ze n d fo r r igh t . Com p a re su rna me HA R R ISON .
 THE EYE O F THE U N IVERSE 1
3 9

O ne O ppe llati o n s O f B A CC HUS t he Fath e r Of Great

f t he a ,

Light w as L IEB E = LA BU R t he Eve rlasti n g B U RR LA BU R

,
-
, .

m u s t h av e b e en Lo rd O f t he fire lik e La burnum tr e e a n d in -

,

Lati n liber m ea n s fre e — wh e n c e liberty O u r wo rd fi ve is .

al m o s t id e n tic al with FRO t he n a m e O f t he a n ci e n t All Fath e r

,
-

Of N o rth e rn E u ro pe — wh e n c e Friday COX Ob se rve s .

“
In t he Old e s t T e u to n ic m yth o l o gy We fin d a go d Fro o r
F riuja which is wo rshippe d as t he Lo rd Of all cre ate d
,

thi n gs I f w e may j u dge fro m t he n a me t he c o n c e ptio n Of

.
,

thi s de ity w as p ro bably far ab o ve t he id e as fo rme d Of an y

o f t he Ve dic o r Ol y m pi a n go d s If t he wo rd is c o n n e cte d
.

with t he m o de rn G e rman Froh it e xp re sse s an idea wh ich is ,

t he v e ry o pp o s ite O f t he H e br e w t e n d e n cy t o wors hip m e re

s t re n gth an d p o w e r Fo r Fro is n o h arsh tas k maste r b u t

.
,

t he m e rcif u l an d e t e rn al G o d H e is in s h o rt t he b e n e
.
, ,

fice n c e a n d l o n g su ffe ri n g o f n at u re
- Fro is t h us t he .

p o wer which i m p arts t o h u m an life all its st re n gth an d

S wee t n e ss an d which c o n se c rate s all right eo us e flo rt s an d
'

san cti o n s all right e o u s m o tive s

l ”
.

The fo u n da ti o n O f t he n am e FRO is fer wh e n c e o u r ,

E n gli s h wo rd fire The sam e ro o t is e vide n tly re spo n sibl e

fo r t he G e rm
.

a n feuer t he D u tch v uur a n d t he E n gli s h

, ,

furna ce for e fii z z le an d s i m il ar t e rm s re l ativ e t o fire

, g , ,
.

Fo R NA x w as t he Lati n go dde ss O f t he O ve n a n dforna x w as ,

t he ge n e ric te rm fo r a furna ce Forin us is Lati n fo r w a rm

.
,

an d
f ournea u is F re n ch fo r stov e F er v our m e a n s w arm th .
,

an d t o fly a n artic l e w as pr e s u m ably t o e xp o se It t o t he

Fi e ry O n e Pha re is Gre e k fo r a lighth o u se an d fa ir is a

.
,

do u bl e-barre lle d E n gli sh wo rd m ean i n g just a n d bea utiful .

The wo rd sp here in m e diaav al E n gli s h w a s writt e n sp ere an d ,

t he O ld Fr e n ch w as esp ere an d th e se t e rm s are e vid e n tly

,

re l a t e d t o t he light o f P ere t he F ath e r o r t he gre a t P h are

, ,

O f Da F a iries t he l ight o r e sse n c e o f T H E F IR E ma

y b e
y .
, ,

My th l gy f A y N ti
1
o o op 98 r an a o n s, . 1 .
32 0 THE LO ST LA N GUAG E O F SYMB O L I SM
e q uate d with t he p eri o r pixi e s an d t he t e rm fa iries is c o g n ate ,
1

with t he P e rsia n wo rd Ferouers Th e Fe ro u e rs we re t he .

grade O f D ivi n e b e i n gs n e xt in ran k be l o w t he Iz e ds a n d in ,

C e l tic iz od m e an s fa ir I n fi n ite in n u m be r t he Fe ro u e rs
.
, ,

p ro te cte d m an du ri n g his m o rtal life a n d p u rifie d his so u l

o n t he Da o f A sc e n s i o n
y .

The O ld I ri sh fer like t he Lat in v ir was t he ge n e ric , ,

t e rm fo r ma n an d FR IUIA t he alte rn ative na m e O f FRO is t he

, , ,

Te u to n ic adj e ctive frija m e an i n g free dea r an d belov ed , , ,

.

It may b e c o mpare d with t he San sc rit p riya m e an i n g w ife ,

o r lov ed one an d with t he G o thic ov e— wh e n c e it

, fl ij on t o l , ,

is ass u m e d o u r w o rd friend
, The adj e ctive s fresh an d frisky .

are e q u ivale n t t o brisk an d k nd i ki

p y
e r a f orce s a n t o
p ow er ,
.

P HA RE t he P ri m e val POW ER t he fo u n datio n Of o ur te rms

, ,

firm firma ment first an d foremost is t he ro o t Of t he dyn astic

, , , ,
”
title P HA RA O H a n d Of t he n ame s P HRA P HA RA MON D , ,

FA RA DA Y F RA Z ER F ERG US FA RQ U HA RS ON F R ED ER IC K F R ITZ
, , , , , ,

e tc . T he To w n O f PHER ENIC E alte r n ative ly B ER EN IC E an d ,

o rigi n ally H ES P ERIS IS t he fabl e d s it e O f t he gard e n O f t he

,

H e sp e ride s P H O RON EUS is Gre e k fo r di sco ve re r O f fire

.
,
”

a n d t he FO RT U N AT E I slan ds m ight l egiti mat e ly b e sp e lt

PHO RT U NA T E In t he wo rd op htha lmia op h is Obvi o u sly
’

a fo rm O f op 0 r ob The F A RO E I sl an d s w e re p ro bably
.

n am e d aft e r FRO who w as do u btl e ss al so t he o rigi n Of

,

fl a nc m e a n i n g
, fi ee O f f r a nk ‘
m e a n i n g o en
p an d o f F RAM ,

a n d F RA N C E The an ci e n t t o w n Of F IRA N w as alte rn ative ly

.

k n o wn as P HA RA N an d thi s acc o rdi n g to Le p si u s is t he

, , ,
”
sam e as t h e P A RA N o f t he O ld Te s ta m e n t .

A s t he ac u t e F m u st b e e q u al t o t he bl u n t V t he I n di an ,

VA RU N A e xpre sse s t he sam e idea as P ERU N t he u n iq u e ,

1
Pixy = Pic k ze . Th e i l
r e a de r wa s P UC K
. Co m p are l
a so B row n ies,
Sp rites ( se p urite s), and s p rightly .

2
Or PERAA .

3
Ea p t , E thiopia , a nd S ina i, p .
30 4 .
 THE EYE O F THE U N I V ERSE
PO W ER or F ri s i an te rm fo r F ath e r is v a a r to
P ER E . T he ,

wh o m w e m ay att rib u t e t he city n ame V ER ON A an d t he

Ch ri s tian n am e V ERON ICA .
1

T he o rigi n al i de n tity O f V ER with B ER m ay b e d e d uc e d

fro m place —n am e s app are n tly all t he wo rld o ve r M o u n t .

B ERO MA in M as h o n al an d is alt e rn ative ly Mo u n t V ERO MA .

In Co r n wall is a S T B U R Y A N a n d a S T V ERY A N t he fo rm e r
is n o d o u bt id e n tic al w ith t he Ch ri s ti an n am e B RY A N o r
B RIEN .

V ER Fre n ch fo r Sp ri n g i e se p aring t he fire o f

is t he ,
. .
,

P ER E a n d is t he ro o t O f v erdure V IR is Lati n fo r strength

,
.
,

a n d in S a n s c rit t he w o rd v risha n acc o rdi n g t o Ma x M ull e r , ,

t he s t ro n g ri s i n g In F re n ch v ra i m e a n s
“
m e an s
t ru e a n d t he s ame ro o t is re sp o n s ibl e fo r v erite v era u
,
'

, ,

T e xp re ss i o n ry
“
v era cit v irtue v irilit an d v e r h e V e
y , y , y , .

G o d O f V e ry G o d is s ti ll in frequent u se
”
.

T he c o n so rt o f O D IN t he Sc a n di n avi an O NE EY E was
, ,

said t o b e F R IG G re at Fi re an d t he m e an s by w hich ”
t he , ,

Th V 1
I e l g dm th v b
e ra co n e ft t h g h t
en us a e ee n an a er ou .

f L g g ii 463
2
S i c en ce o an ua e, . .
32 2 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE OF SYMB OL I SM
t he an ci e n ts Obtai n e d fire w as friction FU R IC K is al so
.

e vid e n tly t he ro o t O f t he n am e A F R IC A ; a co n cl u s i o n
st r e n gth e n e d by t he fact th at Afric a w as alt e rn ativ e ly k n o w n

as A BA R IC A . In P e ru t he wo rd V IRA CO C HA b e s id e s m e a n i n g
,

t he G reat Fa th e r was a ge n e ric t e r m fo r all divi n e b e i n g s

l
.
,

Sir J o h n Ma u n de v ille m e n ti o n s in his Asia tic Trav els ”

a p l ac e na m e d PHA RSIPEE i e P HA R t he Fir e Fath e r At

,
. .
,
.

PHA RS IPEE th e re w as said to b e a marve ll o u s Sp arro w hawk -

— w e ma cal l it a Pere rine —nu t he Fi re O f t he

y g (p g
er-e a r -
,

O n e G reat P OW ER)— an d wh o so e ve r wa tch e d thi s bi rd fo r

s e ve n d ay s an d s e ve n n ight s— so m e said th re e d ay s an d

—
th ree n ights wo u ld h ave e very de si re gran te d by a fai r “

lady Of fairie In fig 7 39 t he l e tte r F is fig u re d o n t he

.
”
.

Bi rd O f Fi re an d fig 7 4 0 is de sig n e d in s u ch a way as t o
, .

c o n ve y t he n o ti o n O f a flam i n g Fi re .

1
My th of A n cien t Mexico a n d
. Pe r u , S p e nce p .
48
.

2
p
C h a te r X III .
 CHA PTER XIII

THE P RESI D E N T O F THE M O U NTAI N S

E v
e ry b e ast o f th e fo re s t is m i n e , a nd l p
th e c a tt e u o n a tho usa n d hill s.

PS A L M l . Io .

THE fi rst De ity th at lo o m s o u t o f t he p ro digio u s a n tiq u ity

o f Egypti an hi s to ry is PTA H t he Cre ato r U n de r t he
, .

sym b o l i s m O f a B u ll t he b eau tif u l B u l l O f t he Cycl e of

t he G o d s — P TA H w as wo rs hipp e d as H A P I Or AP IS He .

was al so typifi e d by a B u ll k n o w n as t he KA -N UB o r KA NO
BUS a n am e re so lvi n g e as ily i n to a h—a n obus t he great S u n -
, ,
”
t he Ob u s A third B ull was k n o w n as BA K H o r B A K IS i e
.
, . .

”
Ob t he G reat Light
,
o r in o th e r wo rd s B A CC H US
, , Th e ,
.

Egyptian s also sy m bo li se d the C rea to r u n d e r t he fo rm o f a

fo urth B u ll n am e d U R MER The fi rs t sylla bl e o f thi s
-
.

n am e p ro b ably as a m o n g t he S e m it e s m e a n t Fire a n d t he
, , ,

wo rd is p ro b ably alli e d to MER o n e o f t he n ame s o f t he ,

As syri an G o d Of Light n i n g O n e of t he titl e s o f t he .

A ssyrian Fi re go d w as NIN-IP a nd N IN IB o r N ER IO
"

he o n e Grea t Fi re a s al so k n o w n U AS
1
ou a r i t w as R
g , , .

T he gi an t B u ll O f p ri m itive E u ro p e w as k n o w n t o t he Lati n s
a s urus t he,
“
light o f t he Fi re an d thi s wo rd is practically
,
”

ide n tical with HO RUS o r O RUS t he Egypti an APOLLO So , .

wide sp read w as t he c ult o f HO RUS that in Egypt the wo rd

horns was u se d as a ge n e ric te rm fo r Urns is
Pi h 1
R l ig i
nc f B by l ia
e s, e d A y i 97
on o a on an ss r a, .

Ti l ( C2 R l igi
e e . S y t m f th W ld p 6
e o us s e s o e or , . .

323
32 4 T H E LO ST LAN GUAGE OF SYMB OL I SM
e vide n tly t he fo u n dati o n o f ta uros t he G re e k ta urus t he ,

Lati n an d toro t he Span i sh fo r B u ll The Chi n e se h ave

,
1
,
.

s til l a T e m pl e cal l e d t he P al ac e o f t he H o rn e d B u ll an d t he ,

sa me sym b o l is v e n e ra t e d in J a p an a n d all o ve r Hi n d u s tan .

T H O R t he Scan di n avia n J u pit er was re p re se nt e d in t he

, ,

Te m ple o f U PSA L (O P C 1EL - ”

with t he h e ad o f a B u ll u p o n
his b reas t ; a n d in O ld Sca n di n avi an as in P h oen ici a n an d ,

Ch alde e thur was t he ge n e ric t e rm fo r bull : tur w as

,
3

Chalde e fo r sun At MIA KO ( O M-YA K O in J ap an t he

‘
.
-
,

c re ati o n o f t he world is re p re se n te d u n d e r t he i m age o f

a B u ll b re aki n g t he s he ll O f a n e gg an d an i m ati n g t he
con te n t s with his b re ath .
6

T he n am e P T A H m u st h ave b e e n p ro n o u n c e d e ith e r
Th1
i ty m f TOR INO TUR IN
e c ar s o m p t B ll or a re a ra an u .

Up l th E y
2
f t h Fi
sa , ef G d w e l o ll d UPS L A Thi
e re o o , a s a so ca e A . s
na m i lm t i d t i l w i th p il t h G k m f t h i l tt
e s a os en ca u s on , e re e na e or e r e e r 11 .

C mpo l p il th G k m f E O f th ti tl f B CC HUS
a re a so e s on , e re e na e or . ne o e es O A
w as PS ILAS .

3
Pa yn e - n g h t K i
Sy m b o l Za ng of A n cien t A r t a n d M
.
y tho log y ,
. . p . 20 .

1
i
H g g e n s, A na ca lyp sis , 60 7 i . .

5
K i
Pa yn e - n g h t ( R Sy m bo l La ng of A n cie n t A r t a n d My tho l ogy ,
. . . p . 20 .
 THE P RESI D E N T O F TH E M O U N TAI N S 2
3 5

O PTA H , t he hi n i n g Eye o r PA TA H the s hi n i n g Fath e r

s , , ,

a n d Egypto l o gi s t s h av e c o m m e n t e d u p o n t he fact th a t t he

i mage s o f PTA H cl o se ly re se m bl e t he p a ta ikoi o r sm all

figure s c arri e d a bo u t by Ph oe n ician sa ilo rs T he wo rd p a ta .

is re l ate d to p ehti t he Egypti a n fo r strong o r strengt h a n d t o

, ,

h M ri t e rm fo r a ther ; an d t he a ta ikoi o r p a ta iks

p a t u t e ao
f p
we re p re su m ably s mall sy m bo l s o f St Pat rick t he G re at ,

St ro n g Fa th e r .

In s u b se q u e n t age s t he te rm P T A H w as e xte n d e d by
t he additi o n o f l ate r G o d na m e s s u ch a s S EE ER wh o se - l
, ,

sy m b o l w as a H awk T he na m e S EK ER SO KA R o r S EG ER
.
, ,
,

is cl early t he sam e a s t he E n gli s h wo rd sa ker a ki n d O f ,

Fal co n T he F re n ch a n d Span i s h c al l thi s bi rd sa cre an d

.
,

t he A ra bi a n s sa gr At t he t o w n o f O P IS in Assy ria w as t he
.

chi e f sh ri n e O f t he De ity ZA KA R an d thi s na me ide n tifi e d , ,

with t he Bibli c al I SSA C HA R t he So n o f J A C O B is t he fo u n da , ,

”

ti o n o f o u r wo rd sa cred ( Fre n ch sa cre) The S u p re m e G o d .

o f B u ddhi s m is k n o w n as S EKRA .

In additi o n t o t he titl e P TA H-S EK ER t he Egypti an Al l

Fath er w as n am e d also PTA H—S EK ER OS IR IS A n e a rli e r - .

fo rm o f t he n am e OS IR IS t he Watch e r t he M an y—Eye d t he , , ,

Go o d B e i n g was A SA R o r A S IR E SA R is the T urki sh S IRE

, .
,

is t he Pe rsi a n n am e fo r G o d— an d sire which is E n gli s h

, ,
3

fo r fa ther IS Ch alde an fo r light

, T he p re sidi n g D e ity O f .

ASSY R IA w as n am e d A SSU R A SU RA w as o n e o f t he app e lla .

ti o n s o f VA RU N A an d ASU RA has be e n e qu at e d with A H U RA

,

M A Z DA i e O R MUZ
,
. . In H e b re w t he na m e A Z U R m e a n s
.
4

H e th at assi s t s A SS ER is an E n gli sh su rn am e an d in
Assy ri an A SSU R o r A SU R m e an s Holy Th e re is an in scrip .

1
V i i t S OKA R S EG E t
a ry n g n o ,
R, e c.
2
JACOBUS i L ti f J A MES
s a n or .

3
O ur E gl i h t i tl S i h
n s th e r as e s a me me a n n g i
A t o ne
. t im e a ll pi r e s ts

w e re e n t i tl d S i
e Si r or; r r e v er e n ce i
so me t m e s a s S ir j o h n . The Ki g n is
a ddre s s e d a s S ire .

‘
1
C o x, A ry a n hiy t h o logy , p . 156 .

V O L. I.
32 6 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYM B OL ISM
ti o n at N IN EV EH wh e re t he wo rd a sur o cc u rs th re e tim e s ,

s u gge s ti n g t he e xclam ati o n H o ly ! H o ly ! H o ly ! o r ”

H o ly ! H o ly ! H o ly O n e Az ure is t he Sky bl ue O f t he
1 -

H eave n s an d in Sc an di n avi an m yth o lo gy t he Twe lve se lf

,

e xi s t e n t s pi rit s w ho dwe lt in A S G A R D we re te rme d t he

A ES IR A SA RI w as o ne o f t he appe llati o n s o f M ERO DA C H
.
,

t he yo u n g s t ee r O f Day who is de sc rib e d as

,
past u r
in g the G o d s like an d it is Obvi o u s th a t A SA R I

a n d c o r re la tive te r m s m a b e e q u ate d with OS IR IS Th us

y .

PTA H S late r appe llati o n Of PTA H S EK ER OS IR IS re so lve s i n to

’
- -

t he id e a ,
Shi n i n g Fa th e r t he light o f t he Great Fi re the
, ,

blaz e o f t he Fi re l ight .

OS IR IS was k n o w n alte rn ative ly as U NNEFER t he o n e o r ,

So l ar Fi re an d in fig 7 4 3 t he s u n is su b sc ribe d A U NF a
,
.
,

c o n tracte d fo rm o f thi s te rm The i n ne r ci rcle o f t he Eye .

is c all e d t he iris a n d t he n am e OS IR IS is ge n e rally i n te r

,

p re t e d t o m e an t he M a n y-e ye d I RIS t he Rai n b o w w as .

, ,

t he i rid e sc e n t m e sse n ge r o f t he go d s b u t m o re p artic u la rly ,

o f J U NO a n d eros is t he G re e k fo r L ov e OS IR IS was al so .

k n o w n as U NBU un me an i n g one o r sun a n d bu Fa ther

, , ,
.

Tha t BA is i n te rch an ge able with an d e qu ival e n t to PA is

Obvi o u s fro m m a n y c o n side rati o n s ; su ch fo r i n s tan c e as , ,

t he fact th at t he city o f PA BA ST w as alt e rn ativ e ly k n o w n as

BU BA ST IS th a t t he T u rki s h Pa sha is e q u ival e n t t o Ba sha w ,

Pi h 1
R lig i
nc f B by l i
e s, e d A y i p 87
on o a on a a n ss r a, . .

Ibid p 6
2
.
,
. 1.
 TH E P RESI D E N T O F TH E M O U N TAI N S 2
3 7

an d th at the to wn o f PA P H O S was al te rnate ly B A FU Ba was .

t he M ayan w o rd fo r fa ther a n d t he Egypti an fo r soul .

1

BE is o u r ve rb to be Being o r Existence T he La ti n fo r , , .

to be is fi re i e t he fire an d in F re n ch bea u m ean s

,
. .
,
”
bea utiful The C o rn i sh fo r p ity was byte wh e n ce it m ay b e
.
,

i n fe rre d th at the Fath e r Re sple n de n t w as e s te e m e d t o b e

o d of Pity an d o f Bea uty
a
g .

In fig 7 44 t he P o f PTA H is su rmo u n t e d by his s ym b o l

.
,

t he Scarab mu s o r b e e tl e T he Egypti an fo r sc ara b ae u s w as .

chep era an d t he w o rd che era s ig n ifi e d al so bein

, p g N o .

”
“
wo rds says R ENO U F can m o re di sti n ctly e xp re ss t he
, ,

n o ti o n O f se l f e xi s te n t B e i n g th an chep era chep er t esef, ’

-

wo rds which ve ry fre q ue n tly o cc u r in Egypti an re ligi o u s

te xt s At o n e ti m e the m o rn i n g Su n was wo rs hipp e d
3 ”
.

‘
u n d e r t he n a m e K H EP ERA a n d C HA FU RA w as a n am e am o n g ,

t he Egypti a n s fo r th e i r ki n g s o r S o n s o f t he Su n We .
”

E ngli sh h ave thi s te r m chafa ra in It s m o re p ri m itive

fo rm chafer m e an i n g a be e tl e In t he an ci e n t hi e ro glyphic
, ,
.

gl i g i b il i ty f v w l d i pi i w d p p i
1
Th e ne o o e so un s s co n s c uo us n o ur or s o e, . e.

p p
a a pa
or l t d i b b
e, an b by nbdb é aT h w d b b ( A gl S x
e, a , b bor . e or a e n o- a on a ,

li t f m b b ) i d i b d b y S k t
ea r e s or a an s p b b ly d t i f t il
e sc r e ea as ro a ue o n an e

u tt era n c e . A b by w
”
d bt
a ll d b by b
as no it i db b p p
ou ca e a e ca us e cr e a a or a a,

an d it i t s l i k l y th t th l m b
no un e y fB a w e f th t
a
’
s cr o aa as o ne re as o n or a

an i m l ymb li
a
’
s s t i ty
o PEP!
c sa n c d B A BA w k i gly
. m i Eg ypt ; an e re n na es n

BABY LON w lt tiv ly BA BILU

as a e rn a e .

2
Th H b w f b e e re tif l i j pp
or ea u Hibb t L t u 87 9 p
s 7 o a .
3
er ec u res , 1 , . 21 .

4
P t i ( Fl i d
e r e ) R lig in f A
e rs ,
i t E gy pet p 54
on o n c en , . .
3 2 8 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OLI SM
a lph abe t o f
M e xic o a be e t le w as t he s ig n o f t he l e tte r L ,
I

an d El w as p re s u m a bly so c all e d b e c a u se it sy m b o li se d El ,

m e an i n g P o w e r o r G o d T he M aya n s re p re s e n te d L by a
.

do t wit h i n a ci rcle an d by a n ac u te a n gl e In t he e m bl e m s .

h e re wit h t he le tte r is glo rifi e d with t he c ro w n a n d c ro ss an d ,

in fig 7 4 7 it is as so ci a t e d with t he P o f PA
. .

The w o rd chafer m ea n t p ri m arily Eve r e xi s ti n g Fi re -

,

an d t he p era O f che era m a

p y b e re n d e re d p bre o r p ow er T he .

te rm sca ra b may b e c o m pare d with esca rbot t he F re n ch fo r ,

b e e tle a n d e xte n de d i n t o is a c—a r a b o r os-a c a r bo

,
- - - - .

7 48 7 49 7 50

The Egypti a n chep era is al m o s t t he E n gli s h shep herd, an d

t he G e rm a n fo r shep herd is schafer The F re n ch fo r shep herd .

is be rger ( bur-z hay), B a ur, t he e ve r-e xi ste n t, a n d t he ”

S an sc rit is p ayu The It ali an fo r s h e ph e rd is p ecorajo, i e

. . .

op - ek—
a r— t he Eye , t he g re a t Fi re e v e r- e xi s te n t, a n d t he
“
a/
”
o,

Ce ltic fo r S h e ph e rd w as bugel In figs 7 4 8 an d 7 4 9 P is . .

as s ocia te d with a b u gl e a n d in E n gli s h bugle has t wo

,

a dditi o n al m ean i n g s It i m pli e s a wild o x a n d al so a

.

ci rc u la r o r o val sh ap e d o rn am e n t The ro o t o f bugle is bug

- .
,

s an E n gli s h t e rm fo r all t he t rib e o f b ee tl e s

”
a n d bu
g i .

1
Do nn e y ll A t la n tis, p . 2 19 .

2
Th e re is a R iv er B UG in R us s i a a n d a n o th e r in A us tr a i . B UG G E i s an
'

En g li sh s urn a m e .
 THE P RESI DE N T O F THE M O U NTAI N S 2
3 9

O n e m ay i t hat apart fro m sym bo li sm th e y we re so

s u rm se , ,

c all e d be ca use th e y a re ro u n d sh ape d like ob ug t he Mighty ,

O rb Fig 7 50 is su rm o u n t e d by an O rb
. . .

A m o n g t he C e lt s t he be e tl e w as n a me d chouil o r chuyl ,

a n d in so m e di s t rict s huyl T he w o rd huyl is e q u al t o .

heal ha ul o r haul t he C e ltic n am e fo r t he Sun

, , ,
It is .

se e m i n gly fro m heal t he e te rn al EL th a t w e d e rive o u r

1
, ,

adj e ctive s ha le w hole an d holy ,

T he Te u to n ic fo r H o ly
,
.

is he! heli heil o r a la i e ELLA G o d th a t has e xi s te d

, , , , . .
,

fo r e ve r t he A LL an d t he W H OL E
,
In app are n tly all .

langu age s t he wo rd sig n ifyi ng holy has be e n d e rive d f ro m

”
t he divi n e ly h o n o u re d s u n l ight .

T he Lati n P has t he sam e fo rm as t he G re e k l e tt e r

n a me d Rho O n e o f the m o s t famo u s e m bl e m s o f e arl y
.

Ch ri s ti an ity— k n o w n as t he LA BA RU M the se al O f Co n s tan ti n e , ,

o r t he Chi-Rho m o n o g ra m— is t he l e tt e r X s u rm o u n t e d by a

P The t w o l e tte rs Chi an d Rho are ass u m e d t o re ad Chr

.
,

a c o n t racti o n fo r t he nam e C H R IST b u t t he sy m b o l w as in ,

u se fo r l o n g ag e s p ri o r t o Ch ri s ti a n ity an d it p ro b a bly s t o o d ,
‘

fo r X t he G re at Fi re an d P Pate r o r PA TA H
, ,
T he wo rd ,
.

la ba rum re so lve s i n t o la ba r um t he “
e ve rl as ti n g F a th e r ,

Su n . The Pe Ekse o f thi s fam o u s sy m bo l w as al s o d o u bt

l e ss u n de rst o o d to m e an Pa x= p ea ce The an ci e n t s pe rso n i .

fie d PA x as a divi n ity an d b uilt te m p l e s t o his h o n o u r As .

t he m y s tic fo rm s o f p i re p re se n t a S h e h e rd s c ro o k t he
’

p ,

l e tte r w a s do u btle ss u n de rst o o d also t o m e an Payu t he G o o d ,

She ph e rd F ro m t he e m ble m s he re with it is e vid e n t th at R

.

w as s i m ila rly de rive d f ro m a s h e ph e rd s c ro o k O u r l e tte r

’
.

R is Ar t he Fi re an d in fig 14 2 a nte p 59 A R fo rm e d t he
, , .
, ,
.
,

c e n t re o f t he S o l ar Eye T he Egypti an wo rd fo r eye was .

or HA R w as o ne o f t he n am e s o f t he o ne -e ye d O D IN an d in ,

1
Co m p a re s urn a me s H ULL an d HOOL E .

2
Co mp a re G re e k Hag ios a n d Hie ro s . Th e wo rd s a in t o r sa n ta was
p i m ily
r ar sa n .
330 TH E LO ST LA N GUAGE OF SYMB O L ISM
N o rse ha rr m e an t high, d o u b tl e ss b e c au se HA R w as u p o n 1

high . The G re e k Rho p ro bably d e rive d its n am e f ro m RA ,

an d t he It ali an wo rd p p a ero, a
g reen
g oose, was pre s u mably
Fa th e r RA Ra is n o d o u bt re s p o n s ibl e fo r
. t he E n gli sh
wo rds ray a n d ra dia nt an d fo r i n n u m e rable pl ac e -n am e s a nd ,
”
su rna me s The Dan i s h fo r goose l s ra dga a s o r rayga a s an d
.
,

in N o rth e r n E u ro p e t he p ri n cipal De ity was at o ne ti m e

3
RA DG OST or RA DEG OST .

The P Sh e ph e rd is the fo u n da ti o n o f PA N
O f t he G re at ,

t he G o d o f all Sh e ph e rd s a n d t he n am e PA N m ay b e u n de r ,

s to o d in difle re n t l a s op a n t he S u n D i s k o r p a a n F a th e r
'

y , , ,

Su n . APOLLO w ho w as partic u larly wo rshippe d at t he

1
‘

C mp
1
opl m
a re HA R BO OUG H HA R BY HA R G R V E t
a c e -n a es d R , ,
A , e c .
, an

s u rnam HA RDY e th pl d t HA R ,
e re s en en .
”

2
C mp oR A Y W R A Y R E Y R AO UL R EA N R EHA N R EJA N
a re , R EN E,
A , , , ,
E, ,

RA BA L R C K HA M R A C KS OLE t
, A , ,
e c.
3
Th hi f t fhi w
e c h ip w
e m g p pl
se a o m d t h O BOTR ITES
s o rs as a on a eo e na e e ,

wh t
o se it y e rr p d d ghly t p
or c o rre s t -d y MEC K L EN BUR G ( B
on e g ro u o re se n a ur

m t gh ld
e a n s a s ro n d th m i i g MEC KLEN l k
o , an i ly l ik O MEKA
e re a n n oo s c u r o us e

or O MEG A L EN) I BO HEMIA

- v l pl
. pp d t h v b
n se e ra a c e s a re su o se o a e een

na m d ft e R D EG OST
a er d th O BOTR II ES
A l b li v d t b , an p e
' ‘
are a so e e e o e re s on

sib l f th m B ERL IN B R EMEN LE IP S E IC d m y th

e or e na es , ,
- - -
, an an o e rs.
1
I v y
n i t l g g th i
e er a nc en t i mb i g i ty th
an f ua e e re s a cer a n a u : us O

S i t M F W B i i th p f
a n sc r r . f . f hi I dia n t i nw it e re a c e O one o s n an s o r es r es

Th m
e na f th li t tl I d i
e o f bl h pe t d t th l v e fn i i ti an a e, e re re se n e o e o er o c ur o s es

E gl i h d i mb ig u W m yt l t it i difi tly i th '

'
i
n an n s re s s , s a uo s. e a ra n s a e n e re n , e er

Th N w M
e e i th H o onf th G d f G d n l S h th t d
e a ir o e o o o s , o r e se e a re uces
 TH E P RESI D E NT O F T HE M O U N TAI N S '

33 :

city PA TA RA w as su rna me d P/EA N a n d t he so n gs su n g at

of , ,

his fe stival s we re th e n c e n am e d p c a ns T he w o rd p a ta ra e .

mean t a ro u n d o r di s k an d t he wo rd p a a n w as u se d al so t o
,

m ean Hea ler an d Physicia n .

She phe rds, rise an d shak e o ff sle e p

Se e , t he b uddin g mo rn do t h p ee p
T hro ugh t he w in do w , w hile t he sun
T o t he m o u n t ain t o ps is run .

Sin g His p r ise s t hat

do t h ke e p
a

O u r flo c k s fro m harm ,
Pan , t he Fat he r o f o u r she e p
W hi e arm in arm l
T re ad w e so ft
y in a ro un d, l
W hi e t he ho o w n e ighbo urin g gro u n d
l ll
ll
Fi s t he m usic w it h he r so un d .

Pa n , 0 G re at G o d Pa n , to T he e
T hus do we sin
g
Th ou t h at ke e p
’
st us c hast e a n d fre e
A s t he yo un g Sprin g
Eve r b e t hy ho n o urs spo k e ,
Fro m t hat plac e t he mo m is b ro k e ,
T o t hat plac e day do t h un yo ke
”
1
.

t he Pride of G o ds , De mo n s, a n d a l l the Rest of Crea tio n ; tha t is the G o dde ss

o f Bea ut y a n d Fo rt un e To th o se u n fa m a r w th th e e c u ar g e n us o f the
. il i i p li i
i l i
S a n sc r t a n g uag e it m g h t se e m s n g u a r tha t tw o s uc h d ffe re n t de as i l i i
l
sh ou d b e e xp i l
ress b e b y t he o ne a n d th e sa me w o rd B ut it is us t in th s . j i
p x i i
o we r o f de te ro us a mb gu t y tha t the b ea uty o f t h a t a n g ua g e es As th e re l li .

i l i
a re b u tte rfl es a n d b e e t e s w n g s , o f w h c h w e find it m o s s b e to s a y t hat
’ ’
i i p i l
p i iv l i l
t he y a re o s t e y th s c o o u r o r t ha t— fo r a c c o rding t o t he g ht in w h c h we li i
vi e w t h e m th e y c ha n g e a n d t urn , n o w dusk y re d, n o w ea c o c k b ue , n o w it p l
p pl l
ma y b e da rk ur e or o ld go d— so a w e l-fo rme d S an sc r t c o m o u nd wo rd l i p
w ill l i
sub t y s h oo t a n d c o rus c a t e w th m e a n n g , a s do t h o se w o n dro us w n g s i i
i l i i
w t h c o o ur : a n d t h s s tud e d do ub e , tre b e , ma n fo d s gn ca t o n o f it s l l i l i ifi i
l l i
w o rds e n ds t o th e c a ss c to n g ue a so rt o f e rb a s he e n , a e r e t ua un de r v l p p l
i i i
c urre n t o f n d re c t sugg e s t o n , a b y - a y o f a us o n , a pl
r s m a t c b eau t y, o f ll i pi i
i l
w h c h n o o th e r a n g uag e c a n c o n e y th e e as t dea v
Fo r t ra ns at o n mus t l i . l i
s pli
t up wha t in th e o r g na is a u n ty i i l i
A n d so o ur t t e , a cco rd n g to the . il i
l i i
v a ue w h c h w e c h oo s e to a ss g n to its c o m o n e n t e e m e n t s , c an b e tak e n to p l
i i j l
de no te e the r the h a r-e w e o f th e mo o n -c re ste d g od o r the un e rsa l p re iv
i l il i
e m n e n c e o f w o r d w de r ng A h ro d te
- ”
p1
F e tche r i . l .
332 T H E LO ST LA N GUAGE OF SYMB OL ISM
It is u su ally ass u me d th at PA N was a divi n ity O f G re e k
co n c e pti o n b u t H ER ODO T US re c o rds th at t he Egypti an s
, ,

co n trariwi se re gard e d PA N as e xc e e di n gly a n ci e n t an d

,
“ ”

be lo n gi n g t o t ho se wh o m th e y call e d t he e ight Go d s i e ,
. .

t he o rigi n al O G DO A D H e sta te s : Th e se Egypti an s w ho

“
.

are t he Me n de s ia n s c o n s id e r PA N t o b e o n e o f t he e ight

go ds w ho e xi ste d be fo re the twe lve an d PA N is re p re se n t e d ,

in Egypt by t he p a i n te rs an d t he sc u l pto rs j u st as he is in
G re e c e with t he fac e an d l e gs o f a go at Th e y do n o t ho w
,
.
,

e v e r b e li e ve thi s t o b e his s h ap e o r c o n s id e r him in an

, y
re s p e ct u n lik e t h e o th e r o d b u t th e y re p re se n t h im th u s
g ,

fo r a re aso n which I p re fe r n o t t o re la te
” 1
.

PA N a n d his c o nso rt M A YA we re ad o re d in C EN T RA L
A MER ICA an d at t he to w n o f PA NUCA o r PA N CA in M EX IC O
,

t he Sp an i ard s o n th e i r e n t ry fo u n d s u p e rb t e m p le s a n d

i mage s O f PA N The n a m e s PA N an d M A IA e n te r l arge ly

.
3

i n to t he M ayan vo cab u lary M A IA b e i n g t he sam e as M A YA , ,

t he n am e O f t he P e n i n su l ar a n d PA N c o m bi n e d with M A YA ,

fo rm i n g t he nam e o f t he an ci e n t c apital M A YA PA N .

A m o n g t he Gre e k s t he n am e PA N w as u se d t o m ean t he
A ll t he Ev ery thing an d th e Univ ersa l
, ,
PA N t he ro o t O f .
,

PA NA C EA t he G o dd e ss Of H eal th m u st b e e q ual to Ba n an d
, ,

ba n ban o r ben m e an i n g good are t he ro o t s o f benign

, , , , ,

benev olent benison e t c

, Bonheur is t he F re n ch fo r happ iness
,
. .

PA N w o u ld appear t o h av e b e e n an o rigi n al D e ity o f

J A PA N o r J A PON T he J apan e se c all th e i r co u n t ry N IPPON
.

( pp )
on i an a n d,
th e i r n a ti o n al ch e e r is B A Nz I t he light o f
t he g rea t F IRE o r L IF E In m o d e rn J apan e se N IPPON is
.

u n d e rs t o o d t o m e a n F o u n tai n o r S o u rc e Of L ight ”
.

PA N is re co rd e d to h ave b e e n t he so n O f A IT H ER t he ,

all-p e rm e ati n g ether an d t he M o th e r o f PA N is said vari o u sly

,

1
Bk . 11. p .
46 .

2
p
C o m a re s urn a e PA K H R T m N U S .

3 ’
Bra ss e ur s In t ro duc t IO n t o La n da s R e la t io n
’
.
 THE P RESI DE N T OF '

THE M O U N TAI N S 333

to h av e b e e n D RY OP E, t he
E n d u ri n g Gre at U n it o r EYE
1
,

o r Y B IS o r O NEIS t he O n e E sse n c e o r L ight o r P EN ELOP E

”

, , .

Acco rdi n g t o Gre e k m yth o lo gy t he first bo rn wo m an w as -

PA N DO RA .

Pente in G re e k m e an s Fiv e ; p a nch o r p un! is S an sc rit

an d Gyp sy fo r Fiv e a n d t he PU NIA B o r Pun/ orb is s u pp o se d
,

t o b e so n am e d b e c au se It Is wa te re d by Fiv e Rive rs ’
Ofl .

t he c o as t o f A RA B IA o r U RO B IA is a n i sl a n d c all e d PA NC H EA
wh e re o n w as a m ag n ifice n t Te m pl e o f J u pite r I t is a m o st .

c u ri o u s fact th at t he fo rm O f o u r n u m e ral 5 is ide n tic al

with t he le tte r P in t he I n di an alph ab e t fro m which h ave ,

al so b e e n d e rive d c e rt ain o th e r o f o u r n u m e rals

”
.

The W e l sh fo r G rea t Spi rit is M A W R PEN A ET H IR ,

which can n o t b u t b e re l ate d t o t he No rth—A m e rican I n di an -

te rm fo r G re at Spi rit M A HO P EN ETA i n de e d S O n u m e ro u s ,

are t he S i m ilariti e s b e tw e e n t he l a n g u ag e o f W A L ES an d th at

o f c e rt ai n t rib e s o f A MER IC A th a t t he W e l s h h ave cl a i m e d

t he h o n o u r O f b e i n g t he fi rs t E u ro p ea n s e ttl e rs in M EX IC O .

R EA D E s tate s : W e h ave it o n t he a u th o ri ty o f a Captai n

“

Davi e s an d L i e u t e n an t Rob e rts o f HA W C O R DEN in Fli n t shi re

a n d f ro m a n M S e n t ry in Willi am P e n n s j o u rn al e vid e n c e
’
.
,

co lle cte d by t he famo u s Dr O we n P u gh e th a t t he t rib e s O f ,

t he Illi n o i s Mado ca n t e s t he Pado n cas a n d Mu d I n di a n s

, , ,
”
s p o k e t he W e l s h l a n g u age I t is n o t i m p ro babl e th at t he 1
‘
.

”
Whit e PA N IS n o w calle d P A W N EES we re o rigi n ally a t ribe
, ,

o f PA N wo rs hipp e rs .

PA N in t he fe arfu l maj e s ty O f h is h igh e r as p e ct s is t he

, ,

so u rc e o f t he w o rd p a nic Si m ilarly t he wo rd fea r m ay b e

.
,

e q u at e d with F IR E app a lling with APOLLO a n d t he F re n ch

, ,

p e ur with P O W ER .

PA N is t he G o dfath e r O f S P A IN— a co n tracte d fo rm o f t he

Olde r H IS PA N IA a n d t o t he same ro o t are n o do u bt t rac eabl e
,

1
DROPE i E gl i h
s an m n s Ch m b
s urn a E y l e i 88
.
2
a ers s
’
nc c o .
, . 1 .

1
'

A tl ti p
an 5
s, . 11 . Th V il f I i p 96
4
e e o s s, . 1 .
334 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL ISM
t he Lati n p a nis b read an d t he F re n ch p a in PA N is ev i
, , .

d t l l t h t f i d f ‘ t h F ch
e n
y a s o e ro o o p ens v e a n o p en see e re n ,

fo r th o ught The Gyp sy fo r t o thi n k is p encha v a a n d t he

.
“
,

Pe r sian is p enda shtenl The ti me-h o n o u re d e mble m o f re

me mb ran ce an d ki n d thought is t he fl owe r we call a p a nsy ,

fro m which o n e may de d u ce t he fact th at t he anc i e n ts de fi n e d

thought as t he
“
light o r fire o f G o d .
’

PA N was partic u larly s tyle d P re side n t of t he M o u n

ta i n s an d in m an y la n g uage s his n am e has b e c o m e a
” 1
,

ge n e ric te rm fo r hill s an d m o u n tai ns The Chi n e se fo r .

”
mounta in o r hill is p a n an d t he P h oen ici an was p enna h , ,

wh e n c e it is su ppo se d was derive d t he Co rn i s h p en a n d t he

, ,

Sc o tch ben Al l o ve r t he wo rld t he ro ot p en o r ben e n te rs

.

i n to m o u n tai n n ame s fro m t he AP ENN IN ES to the P ENN IN E

,

RA N G E an d fro m t he G re ci an P IN DUS M o u n tai n s t o t he

Pe ru vi an P IN RA .

The Chi n e se re gard mo u n tai ns as t he sym bo l o f

Co n stan cy an d Fi rmn e ss an d acco rdi n g to SW EDEN B O RG in , ,
“
,

t he a n ci e n t Ch u rch divi n e w o rs hip w as u po n mo u n tai n s ,

be c au se m o u n tai n s sign ifi e d c e le stial Lo ve .

” 3

In Egypt PA N was k n o w n as MIN an d three gigan tic ,

l i me sto n e figu re s o f MIN h ave be e n fo u n d at t he to w n o f

KO PTO S t he chi e f seat o f his wo rship
,
‘
MIN says .
,
”

Pro fe sso r P e tri e was t he ma le p ri n cipl e it is ”

, an d ,

p ro bable that MIN is t he same as ma n in co n tradi sti n ctio n ,

6

t o w oma n . Ma n in Sco tlan d p ro n o u n ce d man is t he ro o t o f

, ,

t he Lati n mens t he E n gli s h mind t he Sa nsc rit ma na s an d

, , , ‘

O f t he G ree k monos m e an i n g single solita ry , a lone It was , , .

o rigi n al ly p e rh ap s om on t he O n e S un o r it may h ave b ee n

”

, , , ,

a c o al iti o n o f ma on t he O n e M o th e r as in moon t he s m b o l
, y , ,

1
Wisdo m of the A n cien ts , Bac o n .

2
K x no G l ass of G eog r Te rms , .
30 3 . p
. .

3
A r ca na Ce lestia , n 42 88 . .

1
i li
Pe t r e ( F n de rs), Relig io n of A n cie n t Eg p t, 59 p . .

5
p
In G y sy la g a g e
n u m a n is th e e rso n al ro n oun p
I
”
p .
 THE P RESI D E NT O F THE M O U N TAI N S 33 5

Of M agn a M ate r RA t he Su n w as A MON o r A MU N

t he .
, ,

t he G re e k s e n ti t l e d Z e u s A MMON o r H A MMON ; a n d t he
1

wo rd Amen m e an s firm true v erily , ,

.

T he A n glo -Saxo n s te rme d t he M o o n mona an d a t t he ,

pre se n t day Moon o r Mona day is call e d M o n d ay -

.
”

”
An gle se y a famo u s san ct uary Of t he B riti s h D ru id s was
, ,

an ci e n tly k no w n a s MO N M ON A o r M EN A I ; an d MON A , ,

a n d M INN IE a re fam ili ar Ch ri s ti a n n a m e s

3
MON A is a n .

al te rn ativ e n am e o f t he I s l e o f Man which w as al s o k n o w n ,

as MO NA B IA .

The t o w n O f BOD MIN w as o rigi n al ly “

t he a b o de o f

MIN an d in n o me n clatu re may b e e q uate d with t he I n dian

,
”

ALLA HA B A D t he a bad o r abo d e o f ALLA H

,
.
”

IR MIN was t he n am e O f a Saxo n De ity an d his titl e ,

5

wh e n ce ha rmony — s u gge sts th at he was a mal e asp e ct o f

M IN ERV A t he So l e St ro n g Fi re Th e re is agai n thi s sam e c o n
,
.

n e c t io n in t h e na m es o f t he littl e a n i m al k n o w n as t he ermine
6

1
p
Co m a re s urn a me HAMM OND .

2
Th e pl
a c e -n a m e s in A n g e se y a re o f gre at n te re st l
B EAU M-A R -l s i .

Fa th e r S un , th e S un g ht ”
li
In fig 7 46 EL wa s re re se n te d a s a r gh t
. . p i
a ng le . l
Th e w o rd an g e o r a n ag el is th e ro o t o f mo dern E G A D N L N .

3
Co m pa re s urn a me s MANN MA NN ING , ,
e tc .
1
‘
. l
Cf Ta y o r, Wo r ds a n d Pla ces , 332 p . .

5
l l
Do ub t e ss re a te d to th e S a o n a n d A n g x i li c an De t y ER o r IR The .

s urn a me A K ER MA C NN
is the grea t ER MI N MON O v . R is a re e rse d fo rm
of ON
RA M or RA Y MOND E , an d MUND A Y S IMON ON ON , , S IME , S YM , a n d
S IMMOND S a re a ll f m th i
ro s sa me g re at ro o t .
‘ ER MINE S t
1
re e t is th e a nc e n t i Br t ii s h hi gh w a y n o rthw a rd fro m t he
E gli h Ch
n s lt Yo rk s h re
a n ne Erm ne fur is s t
o i a n e mb e m o f B r t s h
. i ill l ii
y lty t h b p i li v p
“
ro a , e he n c , an d t h e e e ra g e T h e e rm n e w as b e e e d to re fe r
.

pl
death to de file m e n t , an d if a c e d w th n a w a o r r n g o f mud, w o u d k i i ll i l ill
i l
tse f ra th e r t ha n c o nta m na te it s s po t e ss fur i It is o n th s a c c o un t t ha tl . i
i l
e rm n e is se e c t e d a s t h e ro b e o f r n c e a n d udg e —a n e mb e m o f un s o t te d
pi j l p
” —
p i
ur t y Hu me ( F
. l Na t l fi st Lo re,
. 17 6 . . p . .

i
S a d a n e n o us , e rud te e rm n e vi i i
Th e re s one t h n g I c a n n o t de t e rm n e
’
i i
W h e n a ma n we a rs m y c o at ,
He s a pe rso n o f n o te ,
’

Wh ile I m b ut a spe c i e s o f ve rm i n
’
l
336 T H E LO ST LAN GUAGE OF SYMB OL I SM
or m iniv er ; withi n t he b o u n da ri e s o f BO DMIN is t he pari sh
o f ST M IN V ER .

I t was be li e ve d by t he an ci e n t s an d is still an i n g rai n e d ,

ide a a mo n g na tive rac e s th at ki n g s a n d ru l e rs are So n s O f ,

t he livi n g i m age s a n d vic e re ge n t s o r s h ad o w s

”
t he S u n ,

O f t he H o ly S u n Thi s divi n ity O f ki n g s is re fl e cte d n o t

1
.

o n ly in ge n e ric t e rm s lik e mona rch S a n sc rit chuni G rm a n

g e , ,

konig “
gre a t u n iq u e
,
b u t p artic u larly in dy n as tic
n ame s .

Acco rdi n g t o p ri e stly t raditi o n s t he o rigi n al ki n g o f

Egypt wa s a ce rta i n MEN M EN A o r MENEs— an d Menes , , ,

s o l e L ight was a ge n e ric te rm fo r t he whit e o r

”
“
t he ,

go lde n Su n B u ll o f OS IRIS M EN U R t he so l e Fi re w as
“
.
, ,

a n a m e O f t he S ac re d B u ll O f M N EV IS J U NO w as te rm e d .

M EN A a n d in O ld Lati n ma nis m e an t good an d prop itious ;

,

ma nes is t he Lati n fo r a ncestors M EN ES O f Egypt m ay b e .

e q u a t e d with t he n a m e M INO S a ki n gly n a m e in C R ET E , ,

an d C R ET E w as t he se a t o f t he Minota ur a fab ul o u sly ,

m o n stro u s B u ll .

1 “
Th e e ar ly mo na rc h s of Ba b y l
on w e re w o rs h ipp e d as g o ds in t he r i
l if ti m
e e. i
Th e k n g s o f Ty re t ra c e d the r de s c e n t i fro m Ba a , a n d l
a pp tly p
a re n ro fe sse d t o b e g o ds in t h e r o wn e rso n
”
— Fra ze r, A do n is , A ttis ,
i p .

O i i pp
s r s, . 10 , I I.

In Ne w Ze a la nd a Ta m p o i
c h e f sa id to a m i i
s s o n a ry :
“
Th i nk not tha t
Ia m a ma n, t ha t my i gi
or n
‘

is o f t he e art h . I c o me fro m the h e a e n s v ;

my a n c e s to rs a re t h e re ; t h e y are go ds an d I s ha
a ll ll re t u rn t o t h e m
”
.

Th o m p so n , The S to ry of New Z ea la n d , 95 i p
. . .

i
w “
p
In a n c e n t Egy t it as t he b e e f t ha t t he ru ng k ng o r li li i so v e re ig n of

p
E g y t w a s t he n g ma g e an d livi i
c e re g e n t o f th e s u n -g o d ( R a ) vi . He w a s in
v i
e s t e d w th t h e a t t r ib t u es O f d ivi i t y n , a nd th a t in t h e li
e a r e st t im e s , Of w h c h w e i
p mo n ume n a e t l vi d
—Re n o uf, Reli io n o A nc ie n t E p
”
o s se ss e nce g f gyp t,
. 161 . .

2 p
C o m a re Raja h , Rey , Rex. A n a x, A rc ho n , e t c S ha h is a c o n trac te d .

fo rm O fp a dis ha h — pa d, a s in pa dre , m ea n n g , n o do ub t , Fa t he r, a n d is ha , th e i
L i g ht . Ks h i ( a hishi) is S a n sc ri t fo r t o rule S hiek “
.
”
wa s p ro b a b ly IS III EK -
,

th e G re a t Li g h t ; Ka iser , pho n e t i c a lly Ky s a r , ma y b e re s to re d t o ah

yz a r,

th e G re a t L g h t o f L gh t i i an d A kba r is s m i ply h b a a r. the G re a t F re i . Th e

wo rd e mp e ro r o r e m er eu r
p is, as th e Fre nc h po r n o un ce it, o m p er a r , S un ,
Fa the r, F re i .
”
 T HE P RESI D E N T O F TH E M O U N TAI N S 337

In O x M o u n ta i n s an d TA U R ICA w as a
I re lan d are t he ,

s u rn a m e o f D IA N A M o u n t TA U R US al so k n o w n as A MA NUS
.
, ,
1 ”
A NT ITA U R U S a n d A MA RA NT HA is t he l arg e st m o u n ta i n in
, ,

A S IA .

M EN A t he o rigi n al Ki n g o f Egypt m u st b e re late d t o

,
‘
,

M A N U t he N o ah a n d firs t a n c e s to r o f t he Hi n do o s T he
, .

o rigi n al o f t he G e rm a n rac e is sa id t o h av e b e e n M A N N US ,

a n d ma nus ma nush o r monish are t he Gy sy w o rd s fo r ma n

, p , , .

The Sa n sc rit fo r ma n is ma na sha .

MO N t he ro o t O f monocle monop oly e tc is t he b ase O f t he

,
”
, ,
.
,

Egypti an ro yal n ame M EN E PTA H so l e Eye r e spl e n de n t , ,

”

a n d it is al s o t he fo u n d ati o n o f monde a n d mundus t he ro u n d ,

wo rld t he u n ive rse

,
.

MIN w ho w as part ic u larly w o rshippe d at t he city o f

,
/

M EN D ES w as al so re ve re n ce d in Egypt u n d e r t he n am e o f
,
‘
M EN T U The p ri n cipal s h ri n e O f M EN T U w ho w as fig u re d
.
,

with t he h ead o f a H awk w as at t he city Of B E MEN T whic h , ,

is aki n n o t o n ly t o t he S ax o n IR MIN b u t also t o H ER MON

, , ,

a n alte rn a tiv e n am e fo r M o u n t Zi o n It is e vide n t t hat .

MIN lik e PA N b e ca m e a ge n e ric te rm fo r mounta in T he

, ,
.

Japan e se fo r mounta in p ea k is mine an d in E n gli s h min o n ce -

,

mean t t he “
bro w O f a hill T he g rea t m o u n ta i n c all e d
” 5

MON C H w as do u btle s s n a m e d afte r MO N t he Eve r Exi s te n t

‘ 1
,
-
,

a n d t he sa m e ro o t is re s p o n s ibl e fo r t he g e n e ric t e rm s mons ,

mont mount mound an d all th e i r n u m e ro u s c o rre lativ e s

, , , .

Mons is t he Lati n fo r a bov e a n d the v e rb mount m e an s t o r

i

rise up w a rd With t he wo rds mounta in an d montagne

.

1
Co m p a re n a me A NTIPATER .

2
A MA R A NTHA m e a n s im morta l an d u n a ding . f
3
Co m p a re It a li an pl a c e -n a me MONOPO L I .

a re s u rn a m e MI T
mp N O
1
Co .

5
Ed m un d s , Na m es of Pla c es , p . 2 37 .

5
Co m p a re MA NC HU R IA a nd MA NC HESTER . Th e l
a tte r to w n , k no w n
l
a so a s MA NIG C EASTER and MA NC UNIU M , w a s fo u n d e d b y t h e B R IG A N TES , a

t ib
r e fro m Y OR K S HIR E .
33 8 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL ISM
m ay b e co m pare d t he name s MON TA IG N E MON TA G U E , ,

MON ICA MON A C O MO NIG U E an d M U N G O

, ,
The wo rd
,
.

mungo is C e ltic fo r lov a ble an d t he I ri s h P ro vi n c e MON A

,

G HA N is n o m i n all y re la te d t o t he A s i a tic MON G OL IA t he ,

c o u n t ry o f t he Mo N G U Ls A dynastic titl e o f t he M e xican

.

e m p e r o rs w as MON T EZ U MA m ean i n g t he M o u n t o f t he
,

Blaz i n g Su n an d t he Ez uma o f thi s nam e may b e e q u ate d

,

with I ZU ME a J ap an e se Go dde ss a n d with t he Assyri an ISU M

, , ,
”
se e m i n gly a n a m e o f t he fire G o d
1
.

The site O f PA N s ru i n e d ci t y o f M EN DES is n o w m arke d

’

o n ly by t he m o u n d s o f A S H MO U N a n ame in which is re ta i n e d
,

moun, t he ro o t O f mound an d mount In the e m bl e m h e re with .

a fo u rfo ld c ro s s is p o i s e d u p o n a th re e fo ld H o ly M o u n t .

Th e re is a Ch ri sti an traditi o n th at wh e n t he an ge lic ho st s

h e ralde d t he bi rth o f J ESUS C HR IST a h o llo w gro an re ve r ,

be rate d th ro u gh t he I sl e s Of G re e ce i n ti mati ng th at gre at ,

PA N w as de ad an d th a t t he e rs tw hile divi n iti e s o f O LY MP US

,

we re de th ro n e d an d o u tcas t Thi s st o ry o rigi n ate d fro m

.

t he i n cide n t re c o rd e d by P L U TA R C H tha t whil e c ru i s i n g n e ar

,

h
t e i sl an d o f P A xo s— n o t e t he n a m e — an Egypti an pil o t

n am e d T HA MUS h e ard c o m i n g f ro m t he s h o re re p e at e d c ri e s

Of T HA MUS t he vo ic e su b se q ue n tly an n o u n ci n g that

G reat Pan was de ad A S Dr Fraz e r has su rm i se d t he
.
”

t ru e i n fe re n ce fr o m thi s s to ry a pp ears t o b e t he e q u atio n o f

1 Pi h
nc R ligi
e s, e f B by l i
on o d A y i p 93
a on a a n ss r a , . .
 THE P RESI DE NT O F THE M O U NTAI N S 339

PA N w ith TA MMU z , t he
Syri an Sh e ph e rd G o d wh o se de m i se -

was an n u ally an d n o i s i l y b e waile d .

The ro o t o f t he n ame T HA MUS TA MMUZ or T HO MA S is , , ,

Tha m Ta rn o r Thom an d j u s t as p a n an d man we r e ge n e ric

, , ,

te rm s fo r hill o r mounta in so also was thorn In We l s h , .

an d Gae lic tom is a hillOCk — wh e n c e t he O ld E n gli s h w o rd

tump a hi ll o ck
,
Tom is t he ro o t O f tumulus a mo u n d an d
.
, ,

o n e o f t he fam o us s ight s n e ar C ar nac in B ritt an y Is

“
t he
Bu tte de T H U MIA C o r Gran d M o n t a Ce l tic m o u n d 7 0 ,

fe e t high an d 800 fe e t ro u n d .

T HU M o r TO M s ho u ld o rigi n al ly have m ean t t he re

sple n d e n t Su n an d in Egypt it did so TU M b e i n g t he ti t l e
, ,

O f t he Su n - o d at t he g re a t ci ty o f A NU O N o r H EL IOPOL IS
g , ,
.

Ta mbo was Pe ru vi an fo r the da w n ”

RENO UF e q uat es M EN T U .

with T MU as be i n g m e rel y two di ffe re n t asp e cts o f t he same

” “
great Su n I am T MU ru n s an i n sc ripti o n who h ave
.
,
”

made H e ave n an d h av e c re ate d all t he thi n gs which are an d ,

”
I e xi st alo n e .
1

The Egypti an TM T H O M o r TU M is t he ro o t Of temp us , , ,

o r time an d t he o n e l o ne so l itary l o ck o f h a i r re p re se n t e d
, ,

o n t he b al d h ead o f FA T H ER T IME is wh at was k n o w n in

Egypt as t he lo ck o f HO RUS .

At t he fe s tivals O f BA CC H US as at all o th e r so lar 0 r ,

Bacchan al ian o rgi e s it w as c u sto mary fo r the wo rshipp e rs

,

t o rai se a m o s t j o yfu l din u p o n cy m bal s a n d tam b o u ri n e s .

The word ta mbourine o r timbre! is an e xte n d e d fo rm o f

ta mbour a d ru m an d ta mbour has d e ve l o p e d fro m t he n ative
6
, ,

to m- tom o r ta n- ta n All th e se wo rd s p o i n t to t he c o n cl u si o n
.

1
C o o k s Ha n dboo k to No rma n dy a n d B ritta ny ,
’
27 7 p . .

2
S e n c e , My tholog ies of A n cie n t Mexico a n d Pe ru ,
p 51 p . .

3
fl ibbe r t Lectu res , 88 p . .

1
Ibid ,
. p . 19 8 .

5
Co m p a re n a me BURLAIN ETA M or T A MERLA N E l th a so e En g li sh

O
T H M, TO MS , TO MLEY T HOMPS O N , , and TO MP KIN S I C lt i t . n e c a rn me an t
34 0 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
th at t he ci rc ular d ru m w as so n am e d afte r dur oom t he ,
1

E n d u ri n g S u n The Lati n fo r dru m is timp a nus

. .

Th e re is a ki n d O f small dru m k n o wn as a ta bor o r

ta bour which s u gge s t s M o u n t TA B O R a m o u n ta i n d o u btl e ss ,

th u s na m e d b e c au se it is O f a re markably ro u n d
“

T he Byz a n ti n e m ys tic s u se d to sit wa tchi n g th e i r n ave l s o r ,

“
ci rcle s o f t he 31
, m in t he h o p e o f wit n e ss i n g t he far
,
”

“
fame d L ight o f TA B O R s t ream i n g th e r e fro m as fro m ,
”
a fo c u s .

T he b rightl y-c o l o u re d ribb o n s o f t he ta m b o u ri n e like ,

t h e m a n y -co l o u re d stream e rs fro m t he ri n g at t he su mm it

o f t he M aypo le sym bo li se d t he all radi an t s trea m i n g
,
-
,

s u n s hi n e .

Laya rd in his acc o u n t o f a so lar fe s tival n e ar N IN EV EH

de sc ribe s ho w t he nativ es in th e i r e xu ltan t fre n z y h u rle d
t am bo u ri n e s i n to t he a ir while t he wo m e n m ade t he ro cks ,
‘
re so u n d with s h rill c ri e s O f ta hlehl .

Thi s c ry o f ta hlehl app e ars t o b e ta cl a le H ail re spl e n d e n t ,

God T he w o rd ha il is t he C e ltic ha el t he Sun an d is , ,

radic al ly t h e sa m e a s t he w o rd yule Hla l in Dan i s h an d .

Sw e di s h m e an s w heel an d if w e di scard t he di ffe re n c e s o f

,

s p e lli n g huoel an d hiul a re t he sa m e w o rd

,
In Y o rk shi re .
,

p e o pl e u n til c o m para tive ly re c e n tly u se d t o c ry Ule Ule !

, ,

in t he ch u rch e s as a t o ke n o f rej o ici n g a n d t he c o mm o n so rt ,

ra n a b o u t t he st re e t s s i n gi n g

Ule Ule Ule l Ule

T h re e p uddin gs i n a p le u
,

C rac k n ut s a n d c r
y U1, 1 »
” 5

1
Com p are s urn a m e DR MMO U NDand pl a c e -n a m e s s uc h as MINDR U M ,

D U N DR U M D R U L S,
O O U O
M I H, D R M R E, DR M D, e tc .

2
W ig ht
r E a r ly Tra v els in Pa l es tine , 9 p . .

2
Ki g ( C
n Th . e G n os tics , p .
300 .

1
Ni h p
‘
n ev e 86 ,
. 1 .

5
B ra n d s A
’
n t iq u it ies , p . 2 52 .
 THE P RESI DE N T O F TH E M O U NTAI N S 34 1

In M EX IC O Hool m e an t t he H e ad ,
t he De i ty , an d ho
1
me an t fi v e.

In all
p ro babi l ity t he wo rd hubbub aro se fro m t he e x
hilarat in g crie s o f H O B H O B ! r ai se d a t t he so la r fe stival s
-
.

In H e b re w hoba b m ean s belov ed a n d o ne O f t he w o rld s

’

mo s t sac re d tre e s is t he ba oba b t he Fath e r HO BA B , .

7 0bb a n d ch op i e t he Ev e r-Exi s t e n t O rb
,
. . a re an ci e n t ,

B riti sh wo rds fo r a hill—top an d a re th e n c e t rac eabl e in pl ac e,

n am e s su ch as EV A NJO B B o r EV A NC HO P in RA DNO R S H IR E .

The Syri an TA MMUZ ha s b e e n e q uate d n o tably by Mr ,

”
Bari n g Go ul d with o u r patro n sai n t ST G EO R G E In t he
-
, , .

Ru ssian p rovi n c e o f G EO RG IA wh o se so u th e rn bo u n dary

-
,

is t he mo u n ta i n s o f A R MEN IA ( Ha rmonia P ) S T G EO R G E is n o t ,

re gard e d m e re ly as a sai n t b u t is w o rs hipp e d as t he De i t y , .

Addre sse d as G o d Sai n t Ge o rge o f IxH INT I he o cc upi e s in ,

”

t he m i n d s o f t he G eo rgi an s p re ci se ly t he p o s iti o n o f M e di ato r

an d I n t e rc e ss or as do e s Chri st in t he m i n ds O f Ch ri s ti an s
, .

The C ro ss Of ST G EO RG E who was said t o h ave b e e n ,

bo r n at t he city o f D IO S POL IS app ears in fig 7 54 an d th at , ,

St Ge o rge w as ide n tifie d with mounta ins is plai n fro m t he

fact th at In G EO RG IA th e re are n o hil ls n o r sm all m o u n tai n s
with o u t ch u rch e s in ho n o u r o f St
The m o s t fam o u s ch ap e l in t he wo rld is p e rh ap s th at o f
‘
St Ge o rge o n t he Hi ll at W IN DS O R At t he n e ighbo uri n g .

E T ON th e re is still h e ld a triennia l fe st ival call e d M ON T EM

o rigi nall y in h o n o u r o fMon Tern t he S o l e S u n 1 T he Egypti a n ,
.

”
TEM t he Lo rd o f L ight an d t he ge n tl e -flo w in g life givi n g
, , ,
-

River T HA MES T HA MIS E o r TA MESIs are p re s um ably alli e d

5
, , ,

Le P o ng e o n , S ac red My steries ,
1
l 63 p . .

2
Cu rio u s My ths qf the Middl e A g es .

3
Ja v a khis h v il i Fo k - Ta e s o f t h e G l
e o rg a n s ,l”
Th e Qu es t, a n ua ry i J
19 12 .
1
The n a me Win dsor me a n s w n d ng sho re i i .

5
To wards O R X FO D
is th e age o f T HA MF vill
The o r g n a n ame s o f . i i l
O fo rd w e re CA ER ( the se at o f) MEMPHRIC , a fte rwa rds B ELLOS ITU M, a n d
x
C A ER PEN HA LG OIT .

V OL . I .
34 2 T H E LO ST L A N GUAGE OF S YMB OL I SM
to TA MMUZ t he l ight or esse n c e Of TA M o r Fath e r T IME
,

In t he T HA MES vall e y T IMMs is a fam iliar su rn am e .

ET ON in B u cks o n c e h e ld a great an n ual Fai r

A S H-We d n e sday The c u l t of ST G EO RG E was n o ti
.

practi se d at t he to wn Of A S H BY DE LA Z OU C H E
a n ci e n tly c all e d ESSEBY an d A S H BU R Y n ear O K EHA MP T ON
,

w as al so o rigi n all y k n o w n as ES SEBU RY 1

.

The fam o u s F u rry Dan c e at H EL ST O N ( H e o l s

” ” ’

To w n in C o rnwall was an d still is a Fa i r H ighday

” ”

, , , ,
“ ” “
Ho lydiiy o f ST G EO R G E a stanz a in t he
”
Eye day ,
or ,

O ld F u rry So n g r u n n i n g

A s fo r Sain t G eo rge 0,
Sain t Ge or e
g he w as a K
ight 0 ;
n

O f all t he Kin gs in C h rist e n do m,

K in g G e o rgie is t he right 0 ,
In v e ry lan d 0
e
,

Eac h lan d w he re e r w e
’
o
g

The wo rd furry q u ally we ll b e v erry a fire o r spri ng

m ight e ,

dan ce an d the same roo t reapp ears in PHA R NA V A S a ki ngly

, ,

n am e in G EO R G IA T he m o st c e l e b rate d Q ue e n O f Geo rgi a

.

w as T HA MA R o r TA MA RA .

The p lay u p o n 0 in t he F u rry S o n g O f Ki n g G e o

is su gge stive of t he Itali an G EO R G IO In R u ss i a t he sai n .

k no wn as YU RG EN i e yur—ag—en t he Eve r-e xi ste n t F

,
. .
,

t he Mighty Su n A m o n g M uss ul man s his n ame is

.
”

KO U DE an d EL KO U DU R (ak o dur) t he Great E n d u ri n g - -

,

the y say is n o t ye t dead b u t still fli e s ro u n d an d ro u n d

, ,

At U R MI in Pe rsia— an d U R MI can n o t b u t
'

”
wo rld .
,

re late d t o U R MIN— t he Ch u rch e s o f St Ge orge are fre q ue n t

by th o se s u ffe ri n g fro m fear t e pa nic ,
. . .

The Ro se St Ge o rge s fl o we r sym b o li se s Lo ve an d t h

’

, , ,

W il Imp i l G
1 tt so n , er a aze e er.

N HELS TON i MA NA CCA N

2
ea r s .

H O F S t G g f E gl d p 8
3
. . .
,
eo r e or n an , . 2 .
 THE P RESI D E N T O F THE M O U N TAI N S 34 3

wo rd rose is an i n fl e cte d fo rm
Lo ve o f E RO S , t he God o f .

T he G re e k fo r rose is rhode o r rhoda t he re sp le n d e n t R HO ,

o r RA
l
In H u n gari an eras m e an s strong an d is e vid e n tly
.
,

the sam e as eros t he G re e k fo r hero Th e re is a clo se

,
.

con n e cti o n be twe e n heroic an d erotic which m ean s lov ing ,

T he F re n ch fo r lov e 13 a mour fire o r light o f t he Su n , ,

an d thi s wo rd lik e t he Lati n a mor is t he sam e as t he

, ,

fi rs t two syllable s o f A MA R U DU K t he o ld e st fo rm o f 2
,
“
t he n a m e M EROD A C H M ER O DA C H t he yo u n g ste er o f .
,

day t he,
“
l ife o f t he wh o le o f t he go d s is t he sam e ,
”

as MERIA DEK
"
t he p a tro n sa i n t o f B R IT TA N Y
,
The B re to n .

fo r lov e is minonia ch ; t he B re t o n fo r a mi a f ri e n d is , ,

minon o r minoun ; a n d th e re is al so a Bre to n wo rd orged ,

‘ "
m e an i n g lov e Orged re so l ve s in t o
. re s pl e n d e n t O R G E ,
”
or t he Eve r e xi s te n t Go ld e n L ight - an d t he w o rd ,

O R G E wh e nce gorgeous an d urge is e vide n tl y t he r o o t

, ,

o f G EO R G E G eorgia t he G re e k for husba ndry pro b a bly

.
, ,

w as d e rive d f ro m G EO R G E a n d n o t G EO RG E f ro m georgia .

G e as in geograp hy m e an t ea rth so th a t t he t ru e mean i n g

, , ,

o f G eor e ma l e giti m at e ly b e s u rm i se d a s G e ur e t h
g y g e ,

u rg e r o r s ti m u la t o r o f t he E arth .

O n G o o d Friday o r Furry Day it is c u sto m ary t o e a t

Co m are su rn a me M TR E ;
p a c e -n a mes M ON OS E, M pl ON OS ON UX
‘
1
TR TR E .

3
i
P n c h e s, Rel igio n of B a hy lo m a a n d A ssy ria , 59
'

p . .

3
i i p i l
A s it w as q u te m o s s b e to de s tro y t h e se paga n c us to ms , Chr s t an t y i i i
i
t r e d , as w e k n o w , t o t urn th e m to h e r o wn ac c o un t S he ra s e d c h a e s . i pl
n e a r the fo un t a n s , i pl
a c e d fi g ure s o f th e V rg n in c ra n n e s o f th e sa c re d oa k i i i
ifi
t re e s , sa n c t e d t h e o ld myt h s b y a d o t n g t h e m as he r o w n , sub s t t ut n g th e pi i i
i
na m e s o f s a n ts fo r th ose o f t he o ld go ds . A n d s o , no do ub t, it c a me t o a s s p
th a t g oo d Me ria de k , fa b u o u s B s h o l i
of V a n n e s , wa s c a e d u o n t o rec e e p ll p iv
t he w o rs h ip i
h th e rto a ddre ss e d to t he s un in t h s c o rn e r o f Treg o r i .

Th e re ma ny t h n g s a b o ut h im
a re i t ha tj t i fy us i
th s t h e o ry . A c e rta n i
Myste ry P a y— re c o us re mn an t o f a
l p i l t d i l t—
os a ec sh o w s him to us e n do w e d

i
w th t he g i ft f l i g ht d i ip t i g th
o , ss a n eda rk n e ss of s i g htl e ss e ye s , o p i e n n g t he

sh a do w e d u n d t di g t b e h l d
e rs a n n o o th e L g h t i o f Li g h t s.
” —A n a to l 1
e e B raz
,
Th e La n d o f P do !B i t t y! p
ar ns r an ,
. I34 .

4
G o n ide c , V o ca b .
,
f re n ch -B ret on, p . 12 .
344 T HE LO ST LANG U AGE OF SYMB OL I SM
ho t c ro ss-b u n s which are ro u n d c ake s s tam p e d with t he
,

s ig n at u re o f S T G EO R G E Thi s cu sto m is t rac eable to Egypt

.
,

wh e re sacrifici al cake s m ade o f the p u re st an d m o s t de le ct

,

abl e i n g re di e n t s we re o n sal e o u tside t he Te m p l es The

, .

wo rd hun w as o rigi n ally houn an d t he G re e k s ch an ge d it ,

sl ightl y i n to hous T he wo rd hous in G re e k also m ean s a n

1
.

O x an d t he sac re d b u n s we re so m e tim e s m ade with a

,

re p re se n tati o n of two ho rn s At Y u le tide it is u sual t o e at .

mince pi e s o r as th e y are al so n am e d
”

, , happy months In , .

Sc o tlan d l ittl e t ro o p s o f bo ys an d gi rls we re wo n t to pe ram

b u late t he vi llage s at Ch ri st mas ti m e c ryi n g H ag me n a , ,

Hag me n a give u s c ake s a n d ch e e se an d le t u s go away

,
.
”

Thi s m o s t re markabl e wo rd Hagmena u se d o n th e se o ccasi o n s , ,

is s u pp o se d says t he c au ti o u s Bra n d to b e o f an an tiq u ity

, ,

p rio r t o t he i n tr o d u cti o n o f t he Ch ri s tian faith ”

I t wo uld .

s e e m to b e m o re ag e d th an A G -M EN A t he G re a t M EN A t he , ,

t raditi o n al p re hi sto ric a n c e sto r o f Egyptian ro yal ty To .

a cc o u n t fo r t he w o rd s hun an d p ie o n e m a assu m e e ith e r

y ,

th at th e se c o m e stible s we re o rigi n ally ci rc u lar o r th at the ,

a n ci e n t s b e li e v e d as ma n y Ch ri s ti an s still b e li e v e th a t in t he
, ,

sac ram e n t o f t he hun wafe r o r p ie th e y we re e ati n g t he

, , ,

ve ritabl e an d s u b s ta n ti al b o dy o f th e ir Spi rit ual Fath e r .

The B o o k o r O rdi n al e o f Ch u rch S e rvic e is call e d t he p ie ,

an d t he littl e ch e s t th at h o ld s t he c o n se c ra t e d H o s t is k n o w n

as t he p ix P IUS a s tan d ard Papal n ame m ean s t he same

.
, ,

a s pious .Pihhis in Gyp sy l an g u age mean s t he fe male

bre asts which are al so t e rm e d by t he gyp si e s hirh an d ha rk
,
.

BIR o r B IROU w as a titl e o f t he Assy rian MER t he F ath e r , ,

Fi re o r fl mour an d t he idea o f t he Gr eat Fe e de r is re tai n e d

,

in p iep t t he Wall achi a n fo r hrea sts and in o u r E n gli s h p ap

, ,

fo o d fo r i n fan ts a n d p ap s o r huhs the fe m al e b reasts

, , .

At t he Egypti an city o f T HEB ES wh o se n am e o rigi n ate d ,

!

1
B d A tiq it i
ra n ,
p 8 n u es , . 1

Th f tiv l e viv t d y u d th m f H gm y
es a s ur es o- a n er e na e o o a na .
 THE P RESI D E N T O F THE M O U N TAI N S 34 5

fro m a san ct uary cal le d A P A MO N-RA was wo rshipp e d u n de r ,

1

t he g u i se o f a Ra m an d in fig 7 57 t he H e ad o f a Ra m ,
.

app ears in t he c e n t re o f t he Eye .

T he Ram fig uri n g as A R ES in t he Z o di ac w as t he
, ,

sy mb o l o f Cr e ativ e H eat The Egypti a n fo r ra m was ha .

,

an d thi s sam e word al so s ig n ifi e d soul Belus t he Lati n fo r .

,

ra m is alli e d t o BELENU S
,
t he C e ltic APOLLO a n d tup t he , , ,

En gli s h fo r a mal e s h e e p m ay b e e q u at e d with top t he , ,

re sp le n de n t Eye is id e n tic al with U RA S E RO S

.
, ,

HO R US e tc an d o u r m m was e vide n tly o n c e ura m t he

,
.
, ,

So lar F ire 2
Ra mr is Ic e l an dic fo r strong a n d t he id e a o f
.
,

str e n gth s tra ight n e ss,

an d p o w e r is re tai n e d in t he w o rd ,

ra mrod an d t he v e rb to ra m In H e b re w ra m m ea n s high .
,

a n d ra ma h a lo ty i S c it R
f p la ce n a n s r A MA is th e S u n R A M .

1 “
A p, l
a ong i l T p f m w h i h th G k m d
i
w th th e fe m i i
n n e a rt c e a , ro c e re e s a e

T HEBE w th , m f as p ti l etu y f A MMON — L p i

na e o one ar c u a r sa n c ar o .
”
e s us ,

Li b a y p 248
’
Egyp t E thi pi , d Si i B h o a, an na , o us r r ,
. .

Th gyp i
2
f E gla d c all th i l g g
e s es t he g yp i
o n fm y n e r an ua e , as s es o an

o t he t i ll th i R m y R m — w d i th de iv d f m
r co un r es ca e rs , o an or o a nes a or e er r e ro

t he I d i nR m R m w h i h i g ifi
an a h b d or f m th e t w R m
a a, c s n es a us a n , or ro o n o e,

wh i h t k it
c m Ei th
oo f m t h I di
s na R m f m th G l i w a d
e er ro e n an a or ro e au c r

R m w hi h i n
o , ly t t m t t h b d m f
c s e ar th I d i
an a R m o un o us a n or an o r, a s e n an a

mea s a h usb d
n m d th G an li R m i g i fy th t w h i h
or an , s o oe s e au c o s n a c con

s t itute a ma s d bl h im t b n anm h b d —G e na g B es w o eco e a us an

”
. eo r e o rro ,

Roma no La w -Lil, Int ro .

34 6 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
‘
is t he ro o t o f t he ro yal
RA MES ES tran sla te d by t he name ,

a u th o riti e s t o So n o f t he S u n an d o f RA MA DA N o r
m e an
”

R AMA ZA N a gre at Fe ast am o n g M ah o m m e dan pe o pl e s

,
.

The wo rd R A MA DA N i m plyi n g c o n su m i n g fire is all i e d to

, ,

t he Ara bian ro o t ra nt ed it wa s hot Ra ma z a n is sa n ra ma 2

, ,

t he H o ly Su n .

R IMMON BER o r B IROU t he Babylo n i sh Al m ighty w as

, , , ,

al t e rn ative ly k n o w n as RA MMA NU an d as Urim is t he p l u ral ,

o f Ur, titl e R IMMON m ay b e

t he un de r stood as Urim Mon ,
”
“
S o le Lo rd o f Fi re s an d Lights .

W hat e v e r la m p s on Eart h or He av e n m ay shin e

A re po i
rt o n s o f O NE POW ER w hic h is MIN E .
”
3

T hep ri n cipal to w n s in t he I sle o f MA N M A NO RIA o r , ,

MA NX LA ND (ma nihsela nd) are RA MS EY an d P EEL , .

In fig 7 60 a G o at is ra mpi n g o n a m o u n ta i n -p e a k
. At .

M EN D ES in Egypt MIN was wo rs hippe d u n de r t he fo rm o f

, ,

a go a t an d in th a t di st rict mendes w as t he e ne ric n am e fo r

, g
oa t In G REEC E as in E G Y P T Pan w as fig u r d as h avi n g
g .
, e ,

t he c o u n t e na n c e a n d li m b s o f a go at The ch o ral o de s s u n g .

1
Th e g l i
or es of RA ME E S S II w e re
. s u ng by an pi Eg y t an p o e t n a me d

PE NTA UR . In C o rn wa ll is a RA ME He a d a nd a PENTIR E P i o n t.
2
Co m p a re Re p b li
u c of S AN R EMO .
3
Hy mn of A pol l o , S h elle y .

Co m p En gl i h MENDENHA M
4 s
a re .
 TH E P RESI D E N T O F T HE M O U N TAI N S 34 7

in h o n o u r o f BA C C H US who is al so said to h ave app eare d ,

as a go at we re c alle d tragodia i o r go at so ngs an d a goa t

, ,

was t he sy m b o lic al pri z e give n o n those o ccas i o n s .

The e m bl e m atic disti n c tio n o f t he go a t ar o se p artly

be cau se the ha bita t of thi s an i mal is hill y an d m o u n tai n o u s
di strict s b u t m ai n ly be cau se the Go at typifie d Ge n e ra tive
,

Heat o r t he Vi tal U rge The w o rd urge will b e re co gn i se d .

,

as in G EO R G E an d in D emiu e a G n o stic te rm fo r t he
, rg ,

D e ity to m ea n t he Eve r-Exi s te n t Fire t he S o lar eu-argy

, , .

The F re n ch fo r a he -go at is bouc which m ea n s e xactly ,

t he sa m e as ba uh t he Egypti a n fo r h awk ,
It is also t he .

sam e as o u r E n gli sh buck a n d is p e rh ap s tr ac eabl e in pla c e ,

‘
na m e s su ch as Bo x B U XT ON an d BAX EN D EN The Lati n
, ,
.

ca er Ital i an ca ra n d Spa n i sh ca bron n e e d m e re ly th e i r

2
p , p a , ,
”
i n iti al vo we l t o re sto re th e m i n to Gre at Eye of Fi re .

Th e re is a lo n g h o r n e d m o u n tai n goat k n o wn as t he ibex a

-
,

wo rd re so lvin g i n to ib eh se The F re n ch chev re is al m o s t .

t he sam e as o u r chafer a n d m e an t s i m i la rl y t he Eve r-Exi s te n t

,

Fi re The Gre e ks h ave t w o te r m s fo r goa t— tragos t he

.
'

e n d u ri n g g re at light an d a iu t he great fire o f A

3
,
In t he ,
.

Mayan al phab e t A w as re p re se n te d by three al te rn ative

‘

s ign s— a do t withi n a circl e a di am o n d-s ha p e d s q u a re an d a

‘

, ,

e a k which w as n o d o u bt i n t e n d e d as t he hi e ro glyphic o f a
p ,

mo u n t ai n o r hill T he G re e k fo r. a m o u n ta i n -p ea k w as
a hra ,
an d o u r wo rd p ea h s i m ilarly c o n ta i n s t he n o ti o n o f

Grea t Fa the r In t he No rth o f En glan d pyke is a ge n e ric

.

te rm fo r po i n te d hi ll an d p ic t he sam e wo rd occ u rs o n , , ,

t he Co n ti ne n t as in PIC DU M ID I
,
KR IST NA is rec o rde d t o .

a n d in t he R e v e la ti o n o f
“
have aflirm e d I am t he l e tte r A
,
”

1
Th e G lo uc es t e rs hire B o x is MIN CHIN HA MPTON
a ha m l et in . Th e B o x
nea r C HIPPENIIA M, th e h a mle t o f C HEO PPEN i n c lude s A S HL EY , . S o uth of

SA L SB
I URY is an e m n e n c e i ca ll ed B UX BU RY . Com p l
a re a s o B E) : in S w tze r i
lan d an d UXA R i I d i
B n n a. B AX , B EX, a n d JEX a re En gl i h
s s urn a me s .

3
C mp o C A PR I ff th
a re o e c o a s t o f C A M A IA P N .

3
A I) : i mm
s a co pl on a c e -n a m e .
 ,

34 8 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM

J e s u s Ch ri st it is asse rte d I am Alpha an d O m e ga the ,
“
,

be gi n n i n g an d t he e n di n g saith t he Lo rd which is a nd , , ,

which w as an d which is t o co m e t he Alm ighty

,
1
In all ,
”

lan gu age s t he great A se e m s t o h ave sto od fo r a sy m bo l o f

t he Age d U nagi n g Co n stan t an d Eve rlasti n g H ILL t he
, , , ,

I mm u tabl e EL t he U n chan geabl e Fi rst Cau se , .

Th at a m o u n tai n —t o p was re garde d as a sym bo l an d a

phy sic al si m i l it u de o f t he sac re d A is e vid e n ce d to so me 2

e xt e n t by g e n e ric te rm s fo r m o u n tai n s u ch as t he Gr ee k
'

a hra t he gre at Fi re A
,
S av o yade cra u ; Slavo n ic ga ra ;
—
A n gl o Saxo n la w i e el a w Lo rd Aw “
J apan e se ja ma o r
. .
, ,

y a ma sa n H o l y u n iq u e S u n A
, La ti n monta na ;
3
Sp an i sh
monta nha an d sierra .

T he n am e s J AH an d YA H re so l ve i n to t he Exi s te n t or

1 Re v . i . 8 .

3
T h a t th e le t te r A ha d s o me fro m there c o n d it e sig ifi n ca n c e is e vid e nt

J
w o rds o f e sus fo un d in t h e A o c ry ha G o s e o omas p
A n d he oo k ed p l p l f Th l
p e us , a n d sa d to h im
u o n t h e t e a c h e r Za c c h a Tho u wh o art g n o ra n t o f t he i i
n a t ure o f t h e A lp
ha , h o w ca n s t th o u t e ac h o th e rs th e B e ta ? Th o u h y o cr te p i
fi rs t , if t h o u k no w e st, t e a c h t h e A , a n d w e s ha b e e e t he e a b o u t t he B ll li v .

i
The n h e b e ga n t o q ue s t o n the t ea c he r ab o ut th e rs t e t te r, a n d h e was no t fi l
l
a b e t o a n s w e r h im A n d in th e h ea r n g o f man y, t he c h d sa ys to Zac c ha us
. i il
He a r, 0 t e a c he r, t he o rde r o f the rst e t te r, a n d no t c e he re h o w it has n e s, fi l i li
i l
a n d a m dd e s t ro k e c ro ss n g t h o se w h c h t ho u s e e s t c o mmo n i ( ne s ) i li
i
b ro ugh t t og e t h e r th e h gh e s t a rt s u o rt ng th e m a n d a ga n b r n g ng the m p pp i i i i
un de r o n e h ea d w th t h re e i
o n t s ( o f n te rse c t o n ) p i
o f t h e sa me k n d i i i
p i ip l
r nc a a n d su b o rd n a te ; o f e q ua e n g th i ll
Th o u h a s t t h e n e s o f t h e A . li .

A n d w he n t he te a c h e r Za c c h mus he a rd the c h d s e ak ng s uc h a n d so g rea t il p i

ll i
a e g o r e s o f t he fi l
rs t e tt e r, h e w a s a t a g re at oss a b o ut s uc h a n arra t e , a nd l iv
a b o ut h is te a c h n g i .
”

li
Th e th re e n e s o f t h e A a re e rh a s e a ne d in t he fo o w ng p
as sag e p xpl i ll i p
fro m a fteen th c e n tury MS q uo te d b y S ir o h n Rhys
fi Th e t h re e e e me n ts
. J l
l
o f a e t t e r a re i
I s nc e it is o f t he re se nc e of o n e o r othe r o f t he thre e a p
le tte r c o n s s ts i
they a r e t h ree be a ms of l igh t , a nd it is o f t h e m are fo rme d the
s ix
t e e n o g yrv e n s, t h at is t he s te e n e t te rs ix
The s e b e o ng a so to a no the r l . l l
v v
a rt se e n ( s c o re ) a n d s e e n o gyrv e ns , w h c h a re n o o th e r t h a n th e s ymb o s o f i l
th e ra n k o f v in t h e a re n tag e o f the W e s h
t h e s e e n sc o re a n d se e n w o rds v p l
” —
l a n guag e , a n d it is fro m t h e m a ll o th e r words a re de r e d Hibbert Lectu res, iv .

p . 2 68 ( Ita lics min e )

. .

3 l
Th e Ita ia n fo r ra m is mo n tone .
 THE P RESI D E N T O F THE M O U N TAI N S 34 9

U n iq ue A an d thi s p ri m e radical may b e re cogn i se d

AH or ,

ih it s o rigin al s i m p l icity in t he E n gli sh w o rd a w e an d in ,

the s u rn am e s HA Y a n d HA W Agha is t he Sa n sc rit fo r .

Lord a rha in S an sc rit m ea n s Sun a nd al so a hymn of p ra ise , .

The H appy Lan d o f PA N t he leade r o f t he ce l e sti al da n c e ,

and so n g was A R C A D IA o r A R C A DY
, a n a m e re so lvi n g i n t o ,
“
t he re sple n de n t m ighty A A is t he ro o t o f age an d o f .

t he Sansc rit ayus m e an i n g li fl It is al

, so t he fo u n d ati o n o f '
.

n ame s su ch as A HA E A HA z H A Y ES H A W ES an d AA RON ; , , , ,

AA RON In H e bre w m ean s l o fty o r m o u n tai n o u s an d in ,

C um be rlan d the re is a mo u n ta i n n ain e d AA RON END T he .

High Po n t ifl o f t he M ayans was k n ow n as t he Cay i e a c

’ 1
,
. .

ay t he gr eat A
,
KA Y an d G A Y are E n gl i s h su r n ame s an d
ay is an adj e ctive : hay is Te u t o n ic fo r re oicin
g j g .

In all p ro bability boa t he P o rt u g u e se fo r good was o rigi n , ,

”
all y bo a
“
Fath e r A
,
Oca t he great A is I talian fo r .
, ,

oose ; a na was Ch ald ean fo r heav en ; a n d a na w as Sans crit

g
fo r mother Abu bu a ? is Ar abic fo r fa ther ; at the to w n
.

of A BA the re Was a fam o u s o racl e o f APOLLO ; an d M o un t

A EU in I n dia is a c e l e brate d place of pilg ri mage At abo u t .

t he m iddl e o f M o u n t A EU t he fo l lo w e rs o f V IS H N U k n ow n ,

as t he JA INs h ave e re cte d a magn ifice n t gro u p of fin e

,

te m ples .

T he fi rst le tte r of t he Egyptian al ph at was a hom ,

me an i n g eagle an d t he fi rst l e tte r o f t he H e b re w w as

,

a le h
p m ea n i n g o x
, A lp ha t he Gr e e k fo r A m u s t b e a
.
, ,

late r fo rm o f alep h an d is pho n e ticall y a lep h a Ca lip h ,

.
2

o r Ca li h l Ca di E as t e rn titl e s o f a u th o rity all m ean

p a a s a s o , , ,

t he g re at A Ale ph o r Al ph a ; an d t he S ai n t s n am e ALP HA G E
‘ ’

, , , ,

Qu een Moo,
p I9
1
. .

N 2
TA DCA STER i Y k h i
ea r i n or s re s U LL ES KEL F i ULL ES-A KELIF ? O
,
. e. n

th R iv
e DU DDON i C mb e la d
er n u r n , n e UL V ER STON E i th C h p l y f
ar ,
s e a e r o

ULPHA Th .i th U LP HA
e re s a no er i W tmo la d
n es N rePENRITH n . ear
i UL FSBY
s OUSBY or .

C te b y i lud
3
an th p i h
r ur nc es e ar s e s of St A l ph a ge an d Pa trixb o urne .
350 THE L O ST LA NG UAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
is pro bably re late d The I srae lite s lap se d i n to t he w o rship
.

o f a go ld e n c alf t he an ci e n t M u sc o vit e s al so wo r shipp e d a

go lde n cal f ; an d t he wo rd ca lf is see m i n gly a co nt racti o n o f
1

a c— a li he g re at A T h G o thic fo r c alf w as ha lbo the

f,
t e .
_
,
2
Great Lo rd Fath e r an d t he ALP S an d CA LV A RY se e m i n gly
o w e th e i r n a m e s t o thi s sa me ro o t .

D r Tayl o r ma i n tai n s th at t he H e b re w a lep h is ide n tical

3

with elep h o f elep ha nt the gre ate s t m o s t p o we rfu l an d fo re

, , ,

mo st o f all b e ast s The S e m itic fo r elep ha nt is p ul which

.
,
‘
al s o m eans hin I n t he O ld T e s tame n t a c e rta i n Ki n g
g .

PUL is m e n ti o n e d as e n t e ri n g i n to a l eagu e with Ki n g

M EN A HEM i e S o le Eagle o r So l e A ?
,
. .

LE P LON G EON sta te s th at a m o n g t he M ayas t he m as to do n

was ve n e ra t e d as an i m age o f t he D e ity o n Earth p ro bably
'

b e cau se thi s pachyde rm was t he large st and m ost p o we rful

”
creat ure th at live d in t he lan d M uch t o t he p e rple xity 5

o f hi s to ri a n s a re p re s e n tati o n o f t he e l e ph an t t he sym b o l ,

o f powe r a n d is t o b e fo u n d c arve d o n o n e o f
t he ro u n d to w e rs o f Sc o tl an d in c o m pan y with a c ru cifi x
an d a l am b H IG G EN S w ho first su ppo se d the se sym bo l s
.
,
“
t o b e o f Ch ri sti an o rigi n su b se q u e n tly w rote : I now ,
.

do u bt !the m o de rn date o f t he to we r! fo r w e have o ve r an d

o ve r agai n se e n t he c ru cifi e d m an b e fo re Ch ri s t W e h ave .

‘
al so fo u n d t he Lam b th at tak e th away t he si n s o f t he
world amo ng t he CA RNUTES o f Gau l b e fo re t he ti me o f
’

Ch ri st ; a n d wh e n I c o n te mpl ate th e se an d t he e le ph an t ,

o f Ga n e sa an d t he
,
ri n g a n d it s c o bra Linga Iona an d , , ,

Na ndies fo u n d n o t far fro m t he to we r

,
I am i n d u c e d
to do u bt m y fo rm e r co n c lu si o n s The e l e ph an t t he .
,

GA N ESA o f I n dia is a ve ry stu bb o rn fe llow to b e fo u n d h e re

,
.

P y -Kni gh t p I47
1
a ne , . .

P t f th A lp d i t i t i
2
ar o e m d th O BER LAND s r c s na e e .

Th A lph b t i 69
3
e a e , . K i g xv
I .
1
‘
2 n s .

S5
d My t i
ac re m g th M ys er es ap 64 on e a as, . .

B ibl Myth p e 7 s, . 11 .
 THE P RESI D E NT O F THE M O U NTAI N S 35 1

The r n i g to o , wh e n j o i n e d with o the r mat t e rs, I c an n o t

“
get o ve r .

O ne o f t he
w o n de rs o f t he wo rld is t he st u p e n do u s
s h ri n e cave rn o f EL EP HA N TA Thi s “
o ld e s t.an d m o st

mag n ific e n t t e m pl e in t he wo rld is d e sc rib e d by M au ric e

as n e ith e r m o re n o r l e s s th an a s u p e rb t e m pl e o f t he T ri u n e
”
G od .
2
The I n di an GA N ES HA re p re se n t e d e i t h e r as a n ,

e l e ph an t o r as a m an with a n e l e ph an t s h ead i s in v o k e d
’

as t he van q u i s h e r o f o b stacl e s by Hi n d o o s o f all se c t s at t he

o u t se t o f a n b u s i n ess : t he na m e re so lve s in a an t h
y g ,
e

Great O n e I S HA In t he G a nap a ti Up a nisha d t he G o d is

.

add re sse d : Prai se t o th e e O Gan e sh a ! Tho u art

“
,

m a n ife stly t he t ru th ; t ho u art u n d o u bte dly t he C re a to r

.
,

P re se rve r an d De st ro ye r t he S u p re m e B rah ma t he Ete rn al

, , ,

Spi rit I sp e ak wha t 15 right an d t ru e ; p re se rve m e th e re

.
,

fo re wh e n sp e aki n g liste n in g givi n g p o sse ssi ng teachi n g

, , , , , ,

le arn i ng ; c o n ti n ually p ro t e ct m e e ve rywhe re The i m age .

” 3

o f GA N ES HA is s e e n a t t he c ro ss i n g o f I n di an ro ad s an d is

place d by archite cts at t he fo u n dati o n s o f e dific e s In .

a n ci e n t M EX IC O t he m asto do n s h ead w as si m ilarly t he ’

p ri n cip al an d m o st c o m m o n o rna m e n t .
4

T he i n c arn ati o n o f B U DD HA 13 said t o h ave b e e n b ro ught

“
ab o u t by t he de sce n t of t he divi n e p o we r calle d t he
lyp i ii 3 iii p 9
1
A na ca s s, . I di
1 0. A tiq it i n an n u es , . . .

H i d My th l gy W i lk i
3
n oo p 73
o o , n s, . 2

L Pl g
4
e S on d My t i
eo n , p 97
a cre s e r es , . .
352 THE LO ST LA NG UA G E O F SYMB OL I SM
H o ly Ghost u po n M A YA a h u man m o th e r an d thi s H o ly , ,

Gh o st o r Spi rit desce n de d in t he fo rm o f a white e le ph an t 1

.

Sto w in his Surv ey sp eak s o f elep ha nts as olipha n ts wh e n c e ,

o n e ma s u rm i se t h m an i n g o f t he E n gl i s h su rn am e
y e e

O LIP HA N T 2
.

The Ge rman for goa t is z iege t he ag e d Fir e an d t h e , ,

San scrit is aga t he mighty A O u r E n gl i sh goa t is vari e d

, .

in t he la n g uage s o f E u ro p e i n to ga t goot geit ged get a n d , , , , ,

t he radical o f all th e se wo rd s is a t which is t he Egypti an fo r ,

g oa t . Th e re is r easo n as will b e se e n t o s u rm i se th at thi s

, ,

sy llabl e o n c e m e an t t he sam e as o u r m o de r n E n gli sh hea t

an d hot .

s
ET NA , t he vo lca n o is
, a c o n tract e d fo rm of a ttan a t he ,

P h oen ici an fo r a f u rn ac e . The F re n ch fo r stov e is étuv e ,

a n d t he syl lab l e s ct a t at , , ,
e tc . occ u r p e rsi ste n tly in wo rd s
,

re lative to hea t o r thi n gs hot .

J ust as t an d d are i n t e rchan geable e l se wh e re th e y h e re ,

agai n vary The early E n gl i s h fo r hot was hoot t he A n gl o

‘
.
,

Saxo n ha t ; D u tch is heet ; Swe di sh hot ; an d Dan i s h hed .

The F re n ch fo r w a rm is cha ud an d fo r warmth cha leur , ,

t he Eve r-Exi s te n t Ev e rl as ti n g Fi re,

.

TA MMuz w as k n o w n as A T Ys o r ATT IS an d his al t e rn ative ,

na m e A DO NIs re so l ve s with a si n gu lar apt n e ss to c u rre n t

,
“
Aton the Az te c fo r sun
”
o pi n i o n i n to warm S u n light ‘

.
, , ,

a n d a ten t he Egypti a n fo r sun

,
wo ul d app e ar to h ave ,
“
o rigi n ally me an t t he hot one o r t he
’
hot nu a n d P TA H

H OT EP o n e o f t he titl es o f t he Egyptian PA TA H may pe r

, ,

h ap s b e tran slit erate d i n to t he Fath e r Shi n i ng A H o r A ,

t he H o t H o o p
”
.

The pri n cipal Fir e D e ity amo n g t he J apan ese is ATA G O

”
S A MA A TA G o may b e u n de r sto o d as t he ho t m igh ty O
.
,

1
Do a ne , B ible My ths .

3 i
Num e ro us re ma n s o f e e han ts halp v e b ee n fo un d in Br ta i i n.
3
p i i
Co m a re C hr s t an n ame E A DN .
 THE PRESI D E NT O F THE M O U NTAI N S 3 53

an d t he wo rd S A MA is cl o se ly a ki n t o S A MA S t he Bab ylo n ish ,

Su n -G o d o r G o dd e ss w ho w as al so k n ow n as U T U KI i e t he
, , . .

Ho t Gre at O n e ( P ) T h e chi e f s h ri n e o f A TA G o -S A MA
.

is at t he su m m it o f t he high hi l l of A TA G o n ear K IO T O an d ,

hill s h ri n es are d e dica te d t o him at all t he chi e f c 1t 1e s of

J A PA N In t he o ld state re ligio n t he G od an d fire we re
.

re gard e d as id e n tic al
l
.

The J ap an e se word ha mi m e an i n g G o d and an ythi n g ,

2
go dl ike is t he sam e a s KA MI t he o ld n am e fo r Egypt
, , .

Kha ma is t he H e bre w fo r sun an d ca m hem an d ca n are , , ,

t he G yp sy w o rd s fo r sun In S an sc rit hha n mean s sun in

’
'

H e bre w hha m m e an s hea t ; an d it is p ro bable that t he n ame

KA MI or KA MIT appl i e d t o Egypt mean t n o t B lack Lan d ,
”

b u t t he Lan d of t he G reat H o t Su n
”
The word E G Y PT .

re so l ve s i n t o EJ-Y P—
”
TE t he age d Bril l i an t Eye
, .

O n t he s h o res o f t he Re d (ured) or Fi re -ho t Sea ,

which t he It alian s call ma r Rosso is the n o to ri o u sly ho t ,

to wn o f A DEN Adim is t he San scrit fo r first an d ADA M

.
,

is b e l i e ve d t o b e t he fir s t an ce sto r o f H u man ity ADON .

was t he gre at D e ity o f t he Phte n ic ian s an d ADON A I is a ,

m y s tic an d p o e tic t e rm fo r t he S u p re me Spi rit sp o ke n o f

as t he Mona d Mona dh is t he Gae l ic fo r mounta in o r hill
.
,

c o rre sp o n di n g to t he W e l sh mynydd an d bo th th e se t e rm s ,
‘
o cc u r fr e q u e n tl y in pl ac e n am e s
- .

The B abyl o n i s h RA MMA NU B IR o r B IROU w as k n o w n , , ,

alt e r n ative ly a s A DDU

“
hot b ri ll i ance ( P
, ) ; A D AD
“
h eat ,

P P
”
ri l li a n t o f b rillia n t s I
“
o f h ea t s
() a n d D A DU b , () n t he .

l an gu age o f t he Ro m an y o r Gyp sy da d a n d da do m ean fa ther ‘

a n d a re cl earl y t he sam e as o u r E n gli s h da d an d da ddy .

The Ce ltic fo r a ncestors was gour da dou an d ta dou hoz b o th ,

1
A t W
s on, S hi t p 44
. n o, . .

3
Or C HEMI, w h e n c e the w o rd chem ist ry
3 p il
C o m are Afgh a n t t e Kha n In C e lt . i c th e n a me s K EA N an d K ENNY
me a n t v as t .

Ta y l
o r, Wor ds a n d Pla ces , p .
326
.
3 54 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL ISM
fwhich te rm s re fl ect t he p ri m itive be li e f th a t man s fi rst ’
o
“
Pare n t was Daddy G re at Fi re o r Daddy G rea t Light .

In t he Go sp e l s D ID Y MUS is m e n ti o n e d as a n o th e r n am e fo r
T HOMA S .

The C e l tic fo r fa ther was tad or ta t t he o rigi n p e rh ap s , , ,

o f t he s u rn am es TO D TA IT TA DDY al l o f which m ay b e
, , ,

c o m pare d with t he Egyptian sym b o l c al le d t he ta t da d o r , ,

da ddu The Ta t a re p re se n tati o n o f fo u r pillars was t he

.
”
, ,

e m bl e m o f stability It has re c e n tly b e e n d e cide d that t he

. .

ta t o r da d al s o re p re se n te d t he spi n e o r backb o n e (buch bone)

“
o f OS IR IS In t he e m bl e m h e re with t he l e tte r
. fo rm s

‘
t he fo u n dati o n t o a flam like tree s pi n al c o l u m n o r Fire e- , ,

o f L ife Thi s ro d o r ste m o f J ESS E m ay b e e q uate d with

.

t he Ashera a phall ic o bj e ct m e n ti o n e d in t h e O ld T e s tam e n t

,

in co n n e cti o n with t he w o rs hip o f A S HT O RET H The Ashera .

w a s an u pright s t e m o r p o l e an sw e ri n g sym b o lic all y to t he

'

En gli s h M ayp o l e In J a p an a c e rt ai n san ctity s till a ttach e s

.

t o t he c e n t ral pi llar o r ki n g po s t o f t he h o u s e k n o w n as
-
‘

da ihohu-bashira T he ba shira o r Fath e r A S H ERA is c o n n e cte d

.

lti
'

1
The C e c fo r a ng el is el , G o d . The 'Fre n c h fo r a n c e sto r is a ie n l .
3
Co m p a re En g li sh tea t or du d . Tu d is G y s y fo r milh , p an d in the sa me

l an g ua g e ta tto ho t, ta tcho = tru e, a n d ta tchipen = t r u th .

3
i
T rard, B ooh of Dea d, 79 p . .

ii li v
Os r s w a s b e e e d to ha e b e e n m v i pi r so ne d in a tree trun k .
 THE P RESI D E N T O F THE M O U NTAI N S 3 55

in t he o ld
J apa n e se rituals with a H o u se -G o d n ame d
‘
YA BU NE T he . Go o d YA was o n c e no do u bt t he sam e , ,

co n c e ptio n as t he H e b re w YA H o r JA H 2
.

In c e rtain part s o f S A MA R IA t he grea t go d PA N was

3
kn o w n as A S H IMA an d in Pe rs ian mytho lo gy A RMA IT I the
, ,

Gr e at M o th e r has a dau ghte r ,

t he go o d A S H I —wh o se
fun cti o n it is to p ass b e tw ee n earth an d h eave n an d bri ng
t he h e ave n ly wi sd o m to m a n ki n d In S an sc rit the syllable s .

A S I are e q u ival e n t t o t he H e b re w JA H an d m ea n
- “
Th o u
”
art f u n dam e n tally t he San scrit A S I reso lve s i n to Fi re -

”
o f t he A .

A mo ng E u ro p e an na ti o n s t he A LL-Fa th e r w as p ec u li arly
ide n tifi e d with t he Migh ty A S H an d it is p ro babl e that t he ,

rowan an d t he mo un tai n ash were o rigi nally h e ld in ve n e rati o n

by reaso n o f t he gl o b u l e s o f h o ly see d the fructi fyi n g ,
”

ho n e y d ew scatte re d o ve r th e m in red cl u ste rs Re d was

,
.

t he co l o u r o f Lo v e a n d o f B l o o d an d B l o o d w as re garde d ,

as t he e sse n c e o f l ife an d t he so u rc e o f all h u m a n ac t iv it

y .
l

The Lati n fo r ash t re e is fraxinus t he gr e at Fi re light

-
,
t he

Ice lan dic is a shr t he blaz e o f t he G reat Fi re

,
t he Da ni s h

an d Sw e di s h are a sh a n d t h e L ith u an i an is a sis I S IS The .

white fragran t fl o w e rs o f t he ash-tre e which a re li ke small ,

h awth o rn blo sso m s gro w in d e n se cl u ste rs an d app e ar in

,

J u n e o r J u n o s m o n th The fl o w e rs h ave each jiv e s m all

’
.

s e p al s an d fiv e ro u n d whit e p e tals an d t he s errat e d l eav es ,

o f t he t re e h av e so me wh a t t he app earan c e o f s m all fl am e s .

“
I k n o w an A sh call e d l ggd ras il a high tre e sp ri n kl e d , ,

with white m o i st u re ( th e n c e co m e t he de w s th at fall in

“
t he d al e s it sta n d s e v e rg ree n by U R D s s p ri n g Th nce
’

) e .

co me th re e maids all k n o wi n g fro m t he h all that stan d s

, ,

1
A sto n , S hin to , p .
46 .

3
In I Ch ro n c es i l ii
27 , B . UN A H i
me n t i o n e d as the b ro th e r o f RA M in
s

Ruth iv . I9 , RA M is m e n t o ne di a s b e g e t t i n g A MMI A DA B N .

3
S m th i ’
s B ibl e Dictio na ry ( A shima ) . C o mpa re s urname HU R D .
35 6 THE LO ST L AN GUAGE O F SYMB OL ISM
”
un de r t he t re e Th e se th re e maid s t he fam ili ar Tri n ity
.
1
,

o f G o o d Th o u ght Go o d De e d an d Go o d W o rd may b e
, , ,

co m pare d with t he th re e guardi an Q ue e n s o f Ki n g A RT HU R ;

a n d t he n am e l o -DU R-As-IL may b e re so lve d i n to t he
“
G re at E n d u ri n g L ight o f G o d .
”

In fig 7 65 t he vital Urge t he rej u ve n ati n g Fi re is

.
, ,

s y m b o li se d by an ear o f b eard e d wh ea t o r b arl e y T he .

Fre n ch fo r barle y is orge a wo rd which ide n tic al with urge

, , ,
”
reapp e ars i n bur eon a n op u le n t a n d richly b u rs ti n g b u d
-
g ,
.

f t he
O ne o G no s tic appe llatio n s fo r Ch ri st t he B re ad o f ,

L ife , was t he Gre t Wh t ear

a e a - HO R US was e n titl e d t he
G re e n Ear o f Wheat an d t he Ear o f Wh eat was a w e ll
,

kn o wn attrib u te o f I S IS C ER ES an d o t he r asp e ct s o f t he
, ,

Great Pare n t It symbo li se d t he sp e r matic po we r o f t he

.

C re ato r an d may b e e q u ate d with t he s taff o f life t he latte r ,

phrase be i n g to thi s day pro ve rbially appli e d to wh eat .

In t he ve s tib u l e o f t he B riti s h M u se u m th e re is a
sc ul pt u r e re p re se n ti n g Mith ra slayi n g t he sac rific e d B U LL ,

1
Fro m The Edda, W Fara da y
.
, p . 29 .
3 Bud wa s i lly p lled budd
o rig n a S e e or badde, an d t he Po rtugue se fo r g oa t
 THE PRESI D E NT O F THE M O U N TAI N S 3 57

an d blo o d fl o wi n g fro m t he wo u n de d B ull is in t he

t he
fo rm o f three wh e at e ars -
.

A n e ar o f b e arde d wh e at figu re s o n t he c o i n age o f t he B riti sh

Ki n g C U NO BELINU S be tt e r k n o w n as C Y MB EL IN E (A D circa
, . .

The c apital o f Ki n g C U NO EELINU s— BELENU S t he so l ar RA M , ,

t he g re a t u n iq u e O — w as C O LC H EST ER
l
the n kn o w n as ,

C A MU LO DU N U M Sir JO H N R HYS e q u ate s C U MHA L t he ro o t

.
,

o f th i s n a m e with himmel t he Ge rman fo r hea v en ; an d

, ,

hea v en is t he sam e as E V A N which w as o n e o f t he titl e s o f

2
,

BA CC HUS The city o f RO ME acc o rdi n g to so m e acc o u n t s

.
, ,

was n am e d afte r t he Godd e ss RO MA a d au ghte r o f E V A N D ER , ,

“ ”
t he e n d u ri n g E V A N RO MU L US t he alte rn ative fo u n de r
.
,

o f RO ME is said t o h ave i n s tit u t e d fo r t he se ri

,
ttic e o f t he go d s

a n o rd e r o f p ri e s t s c all e d C A MILL I o r C A MILLE CA MILL E is ‘

a F re n ch Ch ri s ti an n a m e ; C A MILL US w as a R o m a n su rn a m e ;

a n d in I T A L Y a n d M ES O PO T A MIA th e re w e re e o le n a m e d
p p a

t he CA MELA NI In E n glan d an d in Scotl an d th e re is a Rive r

.

CA MEL ; CA MMEL is an E n gli s h su rn a me ; an d t he sa m e ro o t s

are res p o n s ibl e fo r C A MELO T t he w o n d ro u s city o f Ki n g ,

A RT HU R which t he po e t s de sc rib e as a city o f spires an d

,

tu rre ts pile d pict u re squ e ly u p o n t he sl o p e s o f a s tee p

m o u n taIn .

The ym bo lic ca m el h e re ill u s t rate d has in e ve ry c ase

s

its h u m p re p re se n t e d as a th re e fo ld o r H o ly m o u n t— a fact
that le d m e to i n v e stigate t he co n ne cti o n if an y b e twe e n , ,

t he w o rd ca mel an d C A R MEL t he S ac re d m o u n t In addi ,

.

ti o n to M o u n t CA R MEL in Pale sti n e th e re is a CA R MEL

Po i n t in AN G L ES EY an d in SO U T H A MER ICA th e re is an ,

ALTA CA MELA 3
.

1PHR YX US ( F h u ) i i d t h v fl w t COLCHIS th b k f
un
’

s s s sa o a e o n o on e ac o

a g ld
o m C OLC HES TER w
e n ra . th pi t l f th TR INO BANTES as e ca a o e .

2
C mp o m EVA N EVA N S LEVA N
a re n a d B EVA N
es , A P EYA N
, , , an or - .

3
Th A L TA h e u d m y b mp d w i th t h B i t i h A LT
e re se d th
a e co a re e r s an e

G l i A LLTI-
ae c IA m e i g t p pl , m u t i di t i t
an n d
a s ee d th a ce o r o n a n s rc , an use us

f q
re tly i S
ue n tl d n dW l co an an a es.

V OL . I
.
35 8 T H E L o sT LA N GUAGE OF SYMB O L ISM
In The Song of Solomon
B ride gro o m s h ead is t he
’

l ik e ne d t o M o u n t CA R MEL Thi n e h ea d u po n th e e is like

CA R MEL ; an d in Micah t he idea o f CA RMEL is co u pl e d with
1

th at o f a fr u itf ul ro d o r a s pik e o f t he stafl o f life

,
“
Fe e d
thy p eo pl e w ith thy rod t he fl o ck o f thi n e h e ritage which
, ,

dwe l l so litarily in t he w o o d in t he m idst o f CA R MEL , .

” 2

The w o rd C A R MEL acc o rdi n g to t he re c o gn i se d a u t ho ri

,

ti e s m ean s n o t o n ly circumcised la mb b u t al so ha r vest v ine

, , ,

f
o G od— otherw ise a
g a rden or orc a r h d— an d full f
o ca rs o
f corn .

So m e Arth u ria n st u de n t s ide n tify CA MELO T with GU IL D

F O R D o rigi n all y G IL F O R D in S U RREY The H e b re w fo r
, , .

ca mel is gimel a n d gimel, t he thi rd le tt e r o f t he H e bre w

‘

al ph ab e t , is b e li e ve d t o h ave ta ke n it sfo rm fro m t he cam e l s ’

hum p ?
Th e re m u s t th e re fo re h ave b ee n so m e p e c u liar S ig
n ifica n c e att achi n g t o t he c am e l s h u m p a n d if G U ILD F O R D b e
’

e q u ival e n t t o C A MELOT w e m a p e rh ap s rightl y a ssu m e th at

y ,

G IL is a d e cayed fo r m o f gimel .

A mo n g t he plac e -n am e s in t he V ici n ity o f Sto n e h e n ge is

a G O MELDO N ; a me! is O ld E n gli s h fo r a ncient an d G EM MEL
g ,

is a Sc o tch s u r n ame In B A BY LON IA th e re was a ki n g G IMEL

.
,

S IN ( 2 50 0 B C ) he was d e ifi e d d u ri n g his life ti m e an d aft e r

. .
,

P
his d ea th a t e m pl e in LA G A S H Lo rd G reat A s h ) w as -

n a m e d aft e r h im
4
.

Th e re Is an Asi atic o x with a came l-like h u m p up o n its

1
5
v 11. .
4
3 V 1I. I TheA lph b t T yl
. p 87 3
a e , a o r, . .

4
J t w R lig i f B by l i d A y i p 56
as ro , e on o a on a a n ss r a, . 1 .
 THE P RESI D E N T O F THE M O U N TAI N S 3 59

s h o u l de rs and thi s sacre d an i m al is k no w n as t he z ebu i e , . .

Fire Fa th e r .

The I srae lite s are said t o h ave bee n gu ide d th ro u gh the

wi l de r ne ss by a pi l lar o f fire an d t he ide a o f a fl am i n g pil lar
,

as t he e n e rgi s i n g so u rc e o f B e i n g has b e e n dram atically se t

fo rth by Mr R ID ER H A G G A R D in She D raw n ea r draw .

,
l
n ea r cri e d A Y ESHA with a vo ice of thrill i n g e xu l tatio n
, .

Be h o ld t he Fo u n ta i n an d t he H e art of L ife as it be at s in
t he bo som o f thi s gre a t w o rl d Be h o ld t he su bs tan c e f ro m
.

which all thi n gs draw th e ir e n e rgy the Bright Spi rit o f thi s ,

Glo be witho ut which it can n o t l ive b ut m u st gro w c o l d an d

, ,

dead as t he de ad moo n D raw n ear an d wash yo u in those

.
,

l ivi n g flame s an d ta ke th e i r virt u e i n to yo u r po or b o di es in

,

all it s virgi n s t re n gth — n o t as n o w it fe e b l y gl ow s withi n

/

yo ur bo so ms fi l te re d the re to thro ugh the fin e stra i n e rs o f a

,

th o u san d i n te rme di at e live s b u t as it is h e re in th e ve ry

,

fo u n t an d so u rc e of e arthly B e i n g W e followe d he r .
’

thro u gh t he ro sy glo w u p t o the h ea d o f t he cave till we ,

s to o d b e fo re t he sp o t wh e re t he g re at p u l se b eat an d t he

g re at fl am e p asse d A n d as we we n t we b e came s en sible o f

.

a wi l d an d s le n did e xhil ara tio n of t h e gl o rio us se n se of

p ,

s u ch a fi e rc e i n te n s ity o f Life th at be s ide it t he mo s t

b u o ya n t mo m e n t s o f o ur s tre ngth see me d flat an d tam e an d
fee ble It was t he m e re e fll uv ium o f t he fire the su btle
.
,

e th e r th a t it cast o ff a s it roll e d e n t e ri n g i n to u s,
an d ,

maki n g u s s tro n g as gi an ts an d s wift as eagl e s N e are r it .

came an d n eare r ye t ti ll it was clo se u po n u s ro lli n g do w n

, , ,

like all t he th u n der-wh e e l s o f h eave n be hi n d t he h o rse s o f

the light n i n g .O n it t rave ll e d an d with it t he glo rio u s
,

bl i n di n g clo u d o f man y— c o lo u re d light an d sto o d be fo re u s ,

fo r a spac e sl o wly re vo lvi n g as it se e m e d t o u s ; th e n

, , ,

acc o m p an i e d by it s atte n da n t po m p o f so u n d it p asse d away ,

I k no w n o t whith e r So as to n i shi n g was t he wo n dro us

.

1N t th fel i i ty f th i
o e e c m o s na e.
360 THE Lo sT LA N G UAG E O F SYMB OL I SM

sight th at o n e an d all o f u s save She who s too d u p an d , ,

s tr e tch e d he r h an d s t o ward t he Fi re san k do w n b e fo re it , ,

an d hid o u r fac e s in t he sa n d .

O f t he sam e fam ily as t he go lde n La burnum an d aki n t o

it in the spl e n do u r o f it s fl o we ry cataract s is t he tree we
”
s p e ll a ca cia b u t p ro n o u n c e a ha shur the
,
Gre at A S H U R ,
.

A ca cia is sa id to b e t he G re e k a ha hia t he tho rn y ,

‘
Egyptian ac acia an d it s ro o t is a his a p oint o r thorn
, ,
.

The Th o r n is a tre e of spik es o r spi n e s sp ihe m e an i n g al so ,

a sha rp p oint a na il an d an ea r of corn ; sp ine m e an i n g al so

, ,

th e ba chbone .

Acco rdi n g to Rabbi n ical traditio n t he b u rn i n g b ush ,

”
u p o n M o u n t Si n a i wh e re i n t he G o d o f I srae l appe are d to
,

M o se s was a thorn b u s h In Egypt t he th o r n b us h was

, .

asso ci ate d with U NBU an d t he thorny acaci a w as re p u te d to

,

b e t he h abit atio n of t he m o th e r-go dde ss N EIT H In A ssy ri an .

th e o logy we m ee t with the thorny t re e o f light sacre d to

AS H U R and in A RA B IA t he thorny lo tu s was co n se crate d to
,
8
BAA L .

The c row n o f thorn with which t he J e w s crow n e d Chri st

is said to h av e b e e n p lait e d fro m t he s pi n y sh ru b nam e d
‘
jy jj b g e n u s b e l o n gi n g t o t he n a t u ral o rde r
'

t ube o r u u a a ,

rha mna cea The H o ly Th o rn o f Gl as to n b ury is te rm e d

.

t he sa cra sp ina an d t he ju uba w as k n o w n as sp ina christi

j ,
.

Th ere is l ittl e do ubt tha t in the childh o o d o f t he Wo rld a l l

p rickly o r spiky thi n gs we re re garde d as sym b o lic o f t he

darti n g radi ati n g an d pie rci n g Fi re a c o n cl u si o n which an
, , ,

a n al y s i s o f t he wo rd s p ur ih el bur is cl es p in es se pyx an d , , , ,

so fo rth wil l co n fi rm,

The A me r1can s t e rm t he spiky b u rr
.

o f t he Ho rse o r HO R US Ch e s t n u t a bit ch eye

6
- The sym bo lic -
.

1
S k ea t .

3
N l iv l
S I AI w a s a te rna t e y k n o w n a s H RE a n d C H R E O B O B .

3
B ibl e Fo lk -Lore , 6I p . .

Cha mb s s E n cy cl op e dia
e r
’
.

5
p l i
The w o rd w as re s uma b y c a rr e d a c ro s s b y the P gr m Fa the rs il i .
 THE P RESI DE NT O F THE M O U N TAI N S
'

3 61

twig sp ray b ranch ra mea u o r v irgo h e re ill u strate d m ay b e

, , , ,

re c o gn i se d as Buchthorn Bella cthorn o r H awth o rn— t he th o rn

, ,
l

o f t he HA W o r A .

It is e vide n t tha t t he axi s o f the U n ive rse was c o n c e ive d

in diflere n tly as e ith e r a fi e ry c o l u m n a pi ll ar a b ackbo n e a
'

, , ,

s pi n e a s pik e
,
a nai l a t o r so
, a t ru n k,a st af
f a pivo t a
, , , ,

s pi n dl e a n a
,
x l e -tre e a ro d o r a p o le In thi s u n ive rsal
, , .

ch aracter E RO S t he G o d o f Lo ve or Attracti o n t he fi rst

, ,

p ri n ciple o f an i ma ti o n t he fath e r o f G o d s and m e n an d the

, ,

re g u l at o r a n d di s p o se r of all thi n gs w as w o rs hipp e d u n d e r ,

t he n am e P R IA P US— PU R— I-A P US He was said t o p e rvade.

t he U n iv e r se with t he m o ti o n o f his wi n gs b ri n gi n g p u re
, .

light an d th e n ce was calle d the Spl e n did t he S e lf ill u m i n e d

, ,
-
,

t he R u l i n g P R IA P US
2
.

T he r u gge d s taff t h at o cc u rs in h e ral d ry in c o nj u n cti o n

with a B ear had do u btle ss a S im ila r sign ificati o n Thi s t o rso .
,

o r ru gg e d sta f f is re pr e se n t e d in fig 7 7 1
,
. .

1
The re is a to wn of HAC KTHOR N E n ea r ER MI NE S tre e t as it pa
s se s

LI NCOLN SHIR E .

3
Orph IVy mn
. .
3 62 T H E LO ST LAN GUAGE OF SYMB O LI SM
Lyi n g sou th o f W H IT BY an d S CA R B O RO U G H u n d e r t he
e n c ro achi n g se a are t he s u b me rge d re m a i ns o f t he o nce
fl o u ri s hi n g city o f O WT HO R NE O n t he same co as tl i n e have
l
.

al so b e e n was h e d away t he p o rt s o f RAV ENSR O D an d RA V EN S

PU R . Rod o r rode o n c e as in H o ly roo d had t he se co n dary

, ,

m ean i n g o f a c ross Sp ur t he ro o t o f sp erm o cc urs in t he

.
, ,

n a m e s SP U RR S P U R L IN G SP U RG E SP U RG EO N e tc ; in t he
, .
, , ,

Iri sh SP ERR IN M o u n tai n s an d at S P U R N H ead t he site o f ,

an ci e n t RA V ENS PU R wh e r e th e re is a so —
,
calle d B U LL Light
”
s hip . The leg h e re with star re d with a fiv e -raye d ep eron
,

o r sp ur an d an o i n t e d with a d e sc e n di n g str e a k o f fl a m e is ,

m i n gly a sym bol o f G o d, t he

se e E n e rgi si n g Go l d e n Sp u r ,
t he

Sp e r m, Spark , Sp u rt , o r Spirit The arm s o f MON A are t he .

we ll k n o wn t ri n ity o f le gs ; th e se th re e legs sp u rre d and

- “
,

gar n i sh e d O R e m ergi n g fro m a so lar face are t he arms

,
”

o f T RIN A C R IA o r Thr e e A n g l e s n o w S IC IL Y ,
.

Clo se to S P U R N H EA D are t he tow n s o f PA U LL PA T RING ,

T O N B A RT ON B R IG G
, ,
H U LL and GOOL E i e t he Great Y U L E
, , ,
. .

o r W H EEL P Withi n t h e p re ci n ct s o f G O OL E is t he t o w n s hip

of A R MIN .

Layard all u d es t o a n A rabi an t ribe t he Y EZ ID IS w ho , ,

po ssess a highly re ve re n c e d sy m b o l which th e y t erm M EL EK

TA o s o r Ki n g TA o s The M EL EK TA O S
. Su n god gre at -
,

shi n i n g l ight —was t he i m age o f a peac o ck su ppo rte d o n a

1 W ills o n ( Be c k le s ) , S tory f
o Lo st E ng la n d, p . 82 .
 THE PRESI D E N T O F THE M O U N TAI N S 6
3 3

d re s e m b l i n g a c a n dl e stick a n d it wa s c are f u lly e xpl ai n e d

t
s an ,

t o L A YA R D th at thi s o bj e ct was l o o k e d u p o n n o t as an ido l

b u t as a sym bo l l
I mage s o f a bird u p o n a p ede stal we re
.
'

fo u n d by B EN T d u ri n g his e xp lo ra tio n o f t he p re hi st o ric

.

Te m ple s of M A S HON A LA N D an d si m il ar sym bo ls hav e be e n

,
2

di scove re d in PHCENICIA , EG Y PT, C Y P RUS The pi llar an Cl .

o r betyle— c o m p a r e o u r beetle A n glo -S axo n bitela - w as t he ,

m

e m bl e m o f t he u n iv e r sal AX IS an d t he Bird u p o n t he to p ,

may b e d e scrib e d as a p igeon t he Fath e r Eve r-Exi s te n t ,

”
Su n ,
o r a p ea coch No waday s thi s ro yal sym bo l is c alle d a
.

scep tre— o rigi n all y se p ita r t he Fire Fath e r a n d t he En glish

,

c ptre is tipp e d with an I RIS o r fleur-de—lys The M ao ri s of

s e .

NEW Z EA L A N D p o sse ss a gre e n sto n e pige o n which has b e e n

carri e d ab o u t by th e m fo r u n tol d c e n t uri e s d uri ng th e i r
mu ltit u di n o u s wan de ri ngs Thi s sym bol ic bi rd c alled t he
.
,

KO RO TA NG I t he ,
G
”
r ea t Fi re -Hot S u n t he Ev e r—Exi st ,

u es d to b e s e t u
p o n a hill -t o
p ( in M ao ri la n g uag e ,
’
ta uma ta tum t he hot A) an d i n vo k e d as an orac l e
,
.

Ni1 h p 88n ev e , . 1 . O M A S H UNA ? 1 - -

C wa M
3
o i f New Z l d pp 7 2 7 3
n, aor s o ea a n , .
,
.
 THE P RESI D E N T O F T HE M O U N TAI N S 6
3 5

In t he bl e ms h e re with PA N MO N o r T U M is
em , ,

re p re se n te d partly with t he face o f a Go at an d partly with

that o f a L io n A S a sy mb o l o f t he S u n t he li o n was
.
,

an d is a u n iv e rsal e m bl e m
, a n d t he c a u se is p ro b ab ly
,

traceabl e t o t he re se m blan c e be twe e n t he c o n ve n ti o nal

so lar fac e an d t he taw n y ye ll o w m an e su rr o u n d e d fac e o f
, ,
-

1 “
Le o . The w o rd leo m e an s Eve rlas ti n g O an d lean , ,

la on o r lion m ay b e re so lve d i n to e ve rl asti n g O n e

”

, T he .

H e bre w for lion is la ish t he eve rlasti n g Light an d t he

, ,
”

Pe rsi an sher may b e e qu ate d with A S HU R .

It is c u sto mary t o ide n ti fy Chri st with t he Li o n o f

“

J u dah asso cia te d in R e velatio n with t he R o o t o f David

,
2
.

J U DA H is said to h ave b ee n t he fath er o f fiv e so n s an d t he

’
,

sig n L eo is t he fi th in t he Z o di ac In fig h L i i
f 7 8 1 t e o n s . .

”
ide n tifi e d with J U DA H t he Eve r-Exi ste n t B rill i an t A by
, ,

fiv e h e arts a nd figs 7 82 an d 7 83 are skilfu lly de sig n e d to

,
.

re pre se n t the L ivi n g Fi re .

In fig 7 85 wh e re r eal i sm has b e e n sac rific e d t o symbo l

.
,

ism t he h e ad co nsi s ts o f a lily o r iris

,
The m a n e fo rm s .

ei ht l o b es a n d the b ea rd th ree v s or ray s o f L ight T

’

g he
‘
.

tai l re p re se n ts a p o me granate which in H e b re w is call e d ,

a rimmon i e R IMMON The right h an d is g raspi n g t he

’

. . .
,

C mp1
LEOPOLD LEOTAR D LEON AR D C L EO t
o a re , , , , e c.

v 5 3
. . I Ch i l ii 4 3
ro n c e s . .
366 THE LO ST LAN GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
s ix r w s o r l ight n i n gs of D ivi n e P o we r an d t he le ft
a ro ,

h an d h o ld s a m o o n-sh ap e d cre sse t o r beaco n l ight The .

t ride n t o r th re e -fo rke d s pe ar — a fam ili ar e m bl e m of po we r

— is an al te rnative for m o f t he C ro ss .

A re c u mb e n t l i o n w as t he Egypti an hi e r o glyph fo r
t he l e tte r L an d in IN D IA P ERS IA an d appa re n tly e ve ry
, , ,

part of t he wo rld t he l i o n is t he re co g n i se d e m bl e m of
,
1

st re n gth c o in age an d t he Su n
, ,
In M AS HO N A LA N D t he
.

na tive s call t he li o n Mondoro t he l o n e e n du ri n g O

,
“
,

an d it is the re wo rs hipp e d as a go o d de ity B EN T .

,

de sc ribi ng a vi sit to t he Mondoro s High P ri e s t w ho like ’

, ,
“ ”
his M ast e r is al so te r me d
,
t he M o n d o ro say s : Th e n ,

we q u e sti o n e d him abo u t t he li o n-god an d he gave u s to ,

u n de rs t and th at t he M o n do ro o r li o n-go d o f Mto k o s ’ ’

co u n try is a so rt o f spiritu al l io n which o nly app e ars in

ti me o f dange r an d fights fo r t he m e n o f Mtok o ; all
,
‘ ’

go o d me n o f t he t rib e wh e n th e y die p ass i n to t he l i o n

, ,

fo rm a n d re app ea r to fight fo r th e i r fri e n ds It is q u ite

‘
.

cl e ar th at th e se savage s e n te rtai n a firm b eli e f in an afte r

l ife a n d a spirit ual wo rld and wo r ship th e i r an c e sto rs as
,
 T HE P RESI D E NT O F THE M O U N TAI N S 367

s pi ritu al i n te rce sso rs be twe e n th e m an d t he vag ue Mua li

1 ”
or God w ho live s in H eave n .

O nc e in tw e lve m on th s a b ull o ck an d a go a t are

sa crific e d t o t he M o n dor o ; in t he sam e di st rict bondoro
is t he na tive w o rd fo r ma ne: o r a n ce sto rs ”
.

O ve rlo o ki n g t he egg—sh ap e d Te m pl e o f Gre at Z IMB A B W E

in M A S H ON A LA N D— n ot e t he o v al e n ci rcl i n g fig 7 85 -is t he .

towe ri ng M o un t BERO MA o r V ERO MA an d wh e n t he P ort u ,

ue se fi rs t vi site d thi s p art o f A F R ICA it w as th e n u n d e r

g ,

t he r ul e o f an E m p e ro r MO NO MA TA PA This na m e the .

l o n e su n t he ho t e ye A — is as f ul l o f i n te re st as are o th e r
,

African royal name s su ch as LU C ER E MA NUZ A K HA MA , , , ,

C HA KA PA N DA U MPA NDA an d C H IPU Nz A o r C HIRA Dz I

, , , .

”
The word Z U L U is pr o b ably c o g n at e with Z U L A a ,

p lac e -n ame in CO R N W A LL an d t he c u ri o u s h e rri n g-bo n e , ,

m o rtarle ss st o ne wall s o f Z IMB A B W E are s till b e i n g b u ilt

,

in c e rtai n p arts o f CO R N W A LL n o tably n ear BO SC A ST L E ,

a n d BO SSINEY Bo s— o rigi n all y e ith e r obus o r bous ; b o th

.

bos an d bous mea n i n g ou— is a c o mm o n p re fix in C o r n wall ,

an d it o cc u r s so m e ti me s a s a s u f fi x as in th e plac e -n am e ,
‘
P RO BUS near PA R O n t he Rive r OUS E n ear BO STON in .

Th R i d Eiti
1
e u ne fM h l d p 3 9 es o as ona a n . 2 .

A li
3 “
( S i mh ) w
on th m yt h i l a t f Pi
as W j y th
e ca a nc e s o r o r nc e i a a, e

A y r an C q on f C yl
ue ro r o d t h pe pl w h e d v
o n, w i t h him
an e o e o c ro s s e o er

f m N th I d i
ro or ( 543 B C ) b
n a th m f S im h l Th C yl
. o re e na e o a e se . e e on

Ch il b
ron c es w it t ha t i
ea r th th i d
n e ss tu y b f Ch i t w h
n e r ce n r e o re r s , en

B ddh i m w
u s i t d d i t the I la dr th G t M t y t
as n ro uc e n o s n e re a o na s e r a

A nuradh p awa ural i d ut i th h p f lis a o gu d t n L t e s a e o a on re ar a n . a er

t he w ll a f th
s o pi t l w e ca m t d w it h fi g
a f li
e re o rn a d th m en e u re s o o ns , a n e sa e

e mb l m ppe a i me
e ars lpt
n nu i th d i ty w ll
ro us sc u i th ure s n e sa c re c , as e as n e
lt
a er pi t l
ca h P ll
a s , s uc w Th m v ll us
as o k i t d l S igi i
o n naru a. e ar e o ro c c a e , r

( th Li e R k) w
on oc h pe d i th f m f
, as s li Th
a ti l d vi
n e or o a on. e na ona e ce

a lso pp a e a rst h e g ld -o ui f P ak m Bah th G ea t ( 164

o co n o ar ra a u e r 1
—Mi ll sce Ge a n eal g ic t H l di
n ea o iv l iii p t viii p 37
a e e ra ca , s e r . .
, vo . .
,
. .
, . 1.

Z U LU i
3
h t s a d f m f A MAZ UL U
s o r ene Th ZU L US or b o h f . e a re a ra nc o

th B AN IUS C mp B i ti h m B U N IV d B UNDY
' ‘ ' ‘
e . o a re r s na es an .

P bity i h
4
ro ty H
s t
o nes
"
l v i t h i i g l i g ht f t h O
. o n es re s o es n o s n n o e ne ,

xp i th li gh t f d y i p v b i l
”
a d th e
n e h t
re ss o n o ne s as e o a s ro er a .
368 T H E LO ST LA NG UAGE O F SYMB OLI SM
Li n co l n shire is a place c all e d W Y BO STO N in t he p ari s h o f
EA T ON SO C ON - O n t he U S K ( usih o r G re at OUS E) n e ar
.

t he W Y E in t he C o u n ty o f MON MO U T H is t he t o w n of
CA ER L EON i e the sea t o r fortress of the lion The ro ck o f
,
. . .

LA ON t he stro ngh o ld o f t he late r M e rovi n gian ki n gs w as

, ,

al so k no w n a s LA U DU NU M The pl ac e -name LA U or LEO .

,

as in L EID EN — aga i n t he L eo s D en— an d L EON

’
as in t he ,

F re n ch LA ON an d LYO Ns is always alte rn ative ly LU G US i e , ,

. .

Lord G rea t Ouse Uz o r L ight 1

,
The lo s t la n d o f LY O NESSE
,
.

w as a lt e rn a tive ly t e r m e d L O G RIS an d t he Fr e n ch LYO NESSE ,

n o w N O R MA N D Y an d B R ITT A N Y as o rigi nall y o n e l arge

( ) w
p ro vi n ce c all e d LUG DU NENSIS divide d like t he Cross o f St ,

Geo rge i n t o four quarte rs k n o w n re sp e ctive ly as LU G ,

D U N ENS IS P R IM A S ECU N DA - T ER T,
IA an d--Q UA RTA Th e re , , .

is a L EO MIN ST ER o n t he Riv e r LU G n e ar S H REW SBU RY an d ,

S H R EW SBU RY w as k n o w n to t he a n ci e n t B rito n s as P EN G
W ER N .The Bi rd h e re with is e ith e r t he Penguin a bi rd ,

o f PA N ? o r it may b e i n te n de d to re p re se n t t he A uh o r
G rea t A uh .

In LEO MIN ST ER co n tai n i ng t he h am le t

S u sse x th e re is a ,

o f C RO SS B U S H L EINsT ER (o r L EO NSTO W ER) o ne o f t he fo u r

.
,

p ro vi n ce s o f I re lan d (o r U RELA ND) may b e e q uate d with ,

L EID EN a n d LA U DU NU M an d LEINST U R is n e xt t o M U N ST ER 3
,

m LU G US y M C Sq i t ill l i g i ti f
1“ “ ”
Th e na e , t th
sa s r . u re , s c n s o e c es o

LY ON S LAON, d LEYD EN ll
, an ci tly ll d LUGUDUNUM —My th l gy
,
a an en ca e
”
. o o

f A i t B it i p 3
o n c en r a n, . I .

U L STER = G od T w “
) C mp
(P PEN
”
2 ’
al
s UL LESWA IER
o er a . o are so
' ‘
ne r

R iT H PA TTER
, PATERDA LE B IR KFELL
or d POOL EY , , an .
 THE P RESI D E N T O F THE M O U NTAI N S 6
3 9

M IN ST ER o r M IN IST ER a to we r o r fo rtre ss o f M IN IS 1 t he
, , ,

S o l e Light T he chi e f se at o f APOLLO wo rsh ip w as t he city

.
-

o f PA T A RA t he n a me CL EOP A T RA re s o lve s i n t o a c leo a t a ra

p ,

t he G rea t L EO t he Eve rl as ti n g 0 Fath e r e n d u ri n g A

, , .

L EO lik e P IUS t he light o f PA a n d U R B A N t he b e n ig n

, , , ,

F IRE is a c o n ve n ti o n al n ame assu m e d by t he Po p e s o r

,

Papas T he c ro sse d pipe s h e re with are t he sy mb o l o f

.

Ch ri st t he P ipe r o r G reat PA PA
, , .
2

T he Fath e r o f t he All say s o n e o f t he G n o stic w rit e rs

, ,

is m o re o ve r d e n o m i n ate d t he P ip e r b e cau se t hat whic h

’

is b o rn is t he h arm o n i o u s Spi rit (o r B re a t h ) T h e Sp iri t 13 .

like wi se call e d the Fath e r an d t he So n bego tte n by t he ,

Fath e r fo r t he w o rs hip o f t he Pe rfe ct is n o t c arn al b u t ,

s pi rit ual . Thi s is t he myst e ry o f t he I n c o m p re he n sibl e

O n e f urn i sh e d with i n n u m e rabl e e ye s wh o m all Nat u re ,
’
l o n ge th aft e r in difle re n t Ways Thi s is t he Wo rd o f G o d ”
. .

Th ere is a SLAV fai ry tal e re l ate d o f o n e o f t he -

CA R PA T H IA N M o u n tai n s c all e d t he CA RA IMA N b ut w hich ,

appli e s e q u a lly t o MA N o r PA N t he P re s id e n t o f a ll ,

m o u n t ai n s It ru n s th u s
. Lo n g l o n g ago wh e n t he s k y , ,

w as n e are r t o t he e arth th a n n o w a n d t h e re w as m o re wat e r ,

th a n l a n d th e re dwe lt a m ighty so rce re r in t he Ca rpathi a n s

, .

Hi: was as tall as t he tall e s t pi n e t re e an d he c arri e d u p o n -

,

his h e ad a wh o l e tre e with g re e n twig s an d b u ddi n g bra n ch e s .

His heard th at was man y yard s lo n g was o f m o s s an d so

, , ,

we re his e ye b ro ws H is cl o thi ng w as o f bark his vo ic e

.
,

wa s like ro lli n g t h u n d e r a n d b e n e ath his arm he c a rri e d ,

a se t O f bagpip e s as big as a h o u se ,
He c o u ld do a n y t hi n g .

he lik e d with h is bagpip e s W he n he pl aye d So ft ly yo u n g .

,

gre e n sp ra n g u p all ro u n d abo u t him as far as his e ye c o uld ,

1
MINN S MIN NES i or E gli h m s an n s s urn a e .

3
Am D W ll m ti th G t Ki g
'

I T n l th
ra v e s on e a z on r a ac e en on s e re a n

V lt
u — i Eg yp t t h v lt
u re n w th y m be l f m t
u l ure
— S
as e s o o a e rn a c a re as
“
ar

cor ah m ph p p (pus W h t h t h i i th l l
a a . th i tfi m e er s s e oca or e sc e n i c na e

Ican no t y sa . S Th G ti K g p 9 3
ee e n os cs , in ,
. 2.
 37 0 TH E LO ST LA N GUAGE OF SYMB O L I SM
re ach if bl e w harde r he c o u l d c re ate l ivi n g thi n gs b u t
he ,

wh e n he bl e w fe arfu lly l o u d th e n s u ch a st o rm aro se th at

,

t he m o u n tai n s s h o o k a n d t he se a s h ra n k back fro m t he

ro ck s s o th at mo re l a n d was l e ft u n c o v e r e d
, .

O n ce he was attacke d by so m e p o we rf ul e n e m i e s b u t ,

i n st e ad o f h avi n g t o d e fe n d hi m se l f he m e rely put t he ,

bagpip e s to his l ip s a nd ch ange d his fo e s i n to pi n e s an d

,

b ee ch —t re es He was n e ve r ti re d o f playi n g fo r it delighte d

.
,

his c a r wh e n t he e ch o se n t back t he so u n d o f h is m usic t o

him b u t s til l m o re was his eye d e light e d t o se e all gro w
,
'

i n to life aro u n d him Th e n wo u ld th o u san d s o f sh e e p

.

app e ar o n e ve ry h e ight and fro m e v e ry valle y an d u p o n ,

t he fo re h e ad o f e ach g re w a l ittl e tr e e wh e re by t he C arai m an

,

m ight k n o w which w e re his an d f ro m t he sto n e s a ro u n d ,

to o,
do gs sprang fo rth a n d e ve ry o n e of th e m k n e w his
,

V o ic e .Si n c e he had n o t n o tic e d m u ch that w as go o d in

t he i n h abita n t s o f o th e r co u n t ri e s he h e s ita te d a l o n g whil e
,

b e fo r e m aki n g a n y h u man be i n gs Ye t he cam e t o t he co n

.

c lu s io n th at child re n w e re go o d a n d l o vi n g a n d h e d e cid e d ,
!

t o p eo pl e his l an d with child re n o n ly So he b e gan t o play.

t he s w e e te st t u n e he had e ve r ye t c o m p o se d -a n d b e h o ld

child re n sp ran g u p o n e ve ry s id e a nd ye t mo re child re n in

, ,

e n dl e s s c ro wd s . N ow yo u c an fan cy ho w wo n d e rf ul t he
Cara ima n s ki n gd o m l o o ke d No thi ng b ut play w as e ve r
’
.

c arri e d o n th e r e an d t he l ittl e c re at ure s t o ddl e d an d ro ll e d

‘

aro u n d in th at b e au tif u l wo rld an d w e re V e ry h appy Th ey .

c re pt u n d e r t he e w e s an d su cke d t he m i l k fro m th e i r
u dd e rs ; th e y pl u ck e d h e rb s a n d f ru it a n d at e th e m ; th e y

s l e pt o n b e d s o f m o ss a n d u n d e r o ve rh an gi n g ro ck s an d ,

we re as h appy as t he day w as lo n g Th e i r h appi n e ss c re pt .

e v e n i n t o th e i r S l e e p fo r th e n t he C arai m an pl ay e d th e m
,

t he l o v e li e s t ai rs s o th at th e y had alway s b e au tif u l d ream s

,
.

Th e re was n e ve r an y angry wo rd spo k e n i n t he ki n gdo m

o f t he C arai m an fo r th e se childr e n w e r e all so sw e e t an d
,
 THE P RESI D E N T O F THE M O U NTAI N S 37 I

j oyfu l that th e y n e ve r q uarre ll e d with o n e an o th e r Th e re .

was n o O ccasi o n fo r e nvy o r j eal o u sy e ith e r si n ce e ach o ne s ’

lo t w as as h appy as his n e ighb o u r s A n d t he C arai m an

’
.

to o k c are that th e re sh o uld b e pl e n ty o f sh e e p to fe e d t he

childre n a n d with his m u sic he alway s pro vide d e n o u gh o f
grass an d h e rb s th a t t he sh e e p to o m ight b e w e ll n o u ri s h e d
, , , .

“
The chi l d re n k n ew n o thi n g o f re adi n g o r w riti n g it
w as n o t n e c e ssary th e y s h o u ld si n c e e ve rythi n g ca m e t o
,

th e m o f itself an d th ey had to take n o t ro u ble ab o u t

,

a n ythi n g Ne ith e r did th e y ne e d an y f u rthe r k no wl e dge

.
,

s i n c e th e y w e re e xp o se d t o n o d a n g e rs .

Ye t as th e y gre w o lde r th e y l e a rn t t o dig o u t littl e

, ,

dwe ll i n gs fo r th e m se lve s in t he gro un d a n d t o c arp e t th e m

,
‘
with mo ss an d th e n o f a s u dde n th ey be ga n to say Thi s
, ,

m in e
’
Is .

Bu t wh e n o n ce a child had be gu n to say Thi s is m i n e , ,

’

all t he o th e rs w an t e d to sa it t oo S o m e b u ilt th e m se lve s

y .

h u ts l ik e t he firs t ; b u t o th e rs fo u n d it m uch e as i e r t o
ne s t l e i n t o th o se th a t w e re alr e ady m ad e a n d th e n wh e n
, ,

t he o wn e rs cri e d a n d c o m pl ai n e d t he u n ki n d littl e c o n q u e ro rs
,

la ugh e d The re u p o n tho s e w ho had bee n ch eate d o f th e i r

.

be lo n gi n gs struck o u t with th e i r fi st s an d so the fi rst battle

,

a ro se. S o me ran an d b ro u ght c o m plai n t s t o t he C arai m a n ,

w ho in c o n se q u e n c e b l ew a m ighty th u n d e r up o n his
bagpip e s which frighte n e d all t he child re n t e rribly
,
.

“
So th e y l earn t fo r t he fi rs t ti m e t o k n o w f ea r ; a n d

a fte rwa rd s th e y s h o w e d a ng e r aga i n st t he t al e b e are rs In

- .

’
thi s w ay e ve n st rife an d divi sio n e n t ere d i n to t he Caraiman s
beau tif ul p eace f u l ki n gd o m
,
.

He w as d e e ply gri e ve d wh e n he saw ho w t he ti n y fo lk

in his ki n gdom be h ave d in j u st t he sam e w ay a s t he g ro w n
pe o p le in o th e r lan ds an d he de bate d ho w he m ight c u re
,

t he e vi l . Sh o uld he blo w th e m all away i n to t he se a an d

ma ke a n e w fam ily P Bu t t he n e w o n e s w o u ld so o n b e as
37 2 THE LO ST L AN GUAGE OF SYMB OL I SM
b ad as th e se an d th e n he w as really t o o fo n d o f his littl e
,

p e o pl e N e xt he tho ught o f ta ki n g away e ve ry t hi n g o ve r

.

which th e y m ight q u arre l ; b u t th e n all wo u ld b e co m e dry

a n d b arre n fo r it was b u t o v e r a h an df u l o f e arth an d m o ss
,

th at t he st rife had ari se n an d in tr u th o n ly be c au se so m e

, , ,

o f t he child re n had be e n i n d u st ri o u s a n d o th e rs laz y .

.

Th e n he be th o ught hi m se lf o f m aki n g th e m p re se n ts a n d ,

gave t o e ach s h e e p an d do gs an d a garde n fo r his p artic u lar

u se. Bu t thi s o n l y mad e thi n gs far wo rse S o m e plan t e d .

th e i r garde n s b u t o th e r s le t th e m ru n wild an d th e n
, ,

p e rc e ive d th at t he c u ltivate d garde n s we re t he fai re s t an d

th at t he sh ee p th at had go o d p ast u re gave t he m
,

o st m ilk .

Th e n t he tro uble be cam e g re at i n de e d The laz y childre n .

mad e a l e ag u e agai n s t t he o th e rs a tt acke d th e m a n d t o o k

, ,

away m a n y o f th e ir gard e n s Th e n t he i n d u s tri o us o ne s

.

m o ve d to a f re s h sp o t which so o n g re w fa i r a l so u n d e r
,

th e i r h an d s o r e l se th e y re f use d t o b e drive n o u t an d l o n g ,

c o n flicts a fo se in t he c o u rse o f which so me o f t he child re n

,

we re Sl ai n Wh e n th e y saw d e ath fo r t he fi rs t ti m e th e y
.

we re gre atly frighte n e d an d g ri e ve d an d swo re t o ke e p ,

p eac e with o n e an o th e r Bu t all in vai n — th e y co u ld n o t

.

sta y q u i e t fo r l o n g ; so a s th e y w e re n o w l o th t o ki ll o n e
,

a n o th er th e y b e gan t o t a k e away e ach o th e r s p ro p e rty by

’

s t e alth a n d with c u n n i n g A n d thi s was far sadd e r t o se e

.

t he C ara i m a n i n d e e d gr e w so h eavy o f h e a rt o v e r it th at
, ,

he we pt rive rs o f t e ars Th e y fl o we d d o w n th ro ugh the

.

vall e y an d i n to t he se a ; ye t t he W ick e d childre n n e ve r

co n s ide re d tha t th e se we re t he t e ars th e i r ki n d fath e r w as
w e e pi n g o ve r th e m an d we n t o n bicke ri ng an d q uarr e ll i n g
, ,

Th e re u po n t he Carai man we pt e ve r m o re a n d mo re and ,

his t ears t u rne d t o t o rr e n t s an d cataracts tha t d e vastate d t he

l an d an d e n de d by ch an gi n g it i n to o n e l arge l ake wh e re i n
, ,

c o u n tle ss livi ng c reat ure s cam e t o th e i r d eath Th e n he .

c ease d w e e pi n g a nd bl e w a m ighty wi n d which l eft t he

, ,
 THE P RESI D E NT O F THE M O U NTAI N S 37 3

lan d dry agai n b u t n o w all t he gre e n gro wth ha d van i s h e d ,

h o use s an d garde n s lay b u rie d u n de r h e ap s o f s to n e s an d ,

t he s h e e p fo r l ac k o f p as t u re n o l o n ge r g ave an y m ilk
, , .

Th e n t he chil dre n c u t th e i r t hro at s o p e n with sh arp s to n e s ,

to se e if t he m ilk w o u ld n o t flo w o u t in a f re s h pl ac e b ut
i n s te ad o f m ilk bl o o d g u sh e d o u t an d wh e n th e y had
, ,

d ru n k th at th e y be ca m e fi e rc e an d we re alw ays c ravi n g fo r

, .

m o re o f it So th e y sl e w m an y o th e r s h e e p s te ali n g th o se
.
,

o f th e ir b re th re n a n d dran k bl o od a n d a t e m e at
,
Th e n .

‘
t he Carai m an sa id The re m u s t b e large r an i m als made
, ,

o r th e r e will so o n b e n o n e l e ft an d bl e w aga i n u p o n his

bagpipe s A n d be h o l d ! wild b ull s cam e i n to t he wo rld

’

.
,

an d wi n ge d h o rse s with l o n g sc aly t ail s a n d e l e ph an t s a n d

, ,

se rp e n t s
. The chi ldre n n o w b e gan t o fight with all th e se
c re at u res an d th e re by gre w ve ry tall an d s tro n g th e m se lve s
,
.

M an y o f t he an i m al s allo we d th e m se lve s to b e tame d an d

m ade u se f u l ; b u t o th e rs p u rs u e d t he chil d re n an d kill e d
th e m an d as th e y n o lo n ge r dwe lt in s u ch p e ace an d safe ty
, ,

m an y g ri e v o u s a n d dan ge ro u s sick n e sse s a pp e are d am o n g

th e m S o o n th e y b e cam e in all re sp ects lik e t he m e n o f
.

o th e r l an d s a n d t he C ara i man gre w m o re a n d m o re so u re d

,

a rid glo o m y Si n c e all th a t which he had i n t e n d e d t o u se

,

fo r go o d had b u t t u rne d to e vi l
,
H is c reat ure s t o o
.
, ,

n e ith e r l o v e d n o r t ru s te d him a n d i n s t e ad o f p e rc e ivi n g

,

th a t th ey th e m se l ve s had w ro ught the h arm th o u ght tha t ,

t he C ara i m an had se n t so rro w u p o n th e m o u t o f wan to n

c rue lty an d sp o rt Th e y wo u ld n o lo n ge r li ste n to the
.

bagpipe s who se swe e t s trai n s had o f o ld be e n wo n t to

,

delight th e i r e ar s The o ld gi a n t i n dee d did n o t o fte n

.
, ,

c are to play o n his pip e s n o w He had gro wn we ary fo r

.

ve ry so rro w a n d wo ul d sle e p fo r ho u rs to ge th e r u n de r t he
,

s h ad e o f his e y e b row s which had gro w n do w n i n to his

,

be ard Bu t so m e ti me s he wo u ld start u p o ut o f sle e p pu t ,

t he pip es t o his m o u th a n d b l ow
,
a v e r y t ru m p e t -bl as t o u t
37 4 THE LO ST LA N GUAGE O F SYMB OL I SM
i n to t he wicke d wo rld H e n c e th e re at last aro se su ch a
.

ragi n g s t o rm th a t t he t re e s gro u n d cre a ki n g an d g roa n i n g

, ,

aga i n s t o n e an o th e r a n d c au se d a fire t o b u rs t o u t so th a t
, ,

so o n t he wh o l e f o re s t w as in fl a me s Th e n he reach e d u p
.

with t he t re e th at gre w u p o n his h ead t ill he to u ch e d t he '

cl o u d s an d sh o o k do w n rai n to q u e nch t he fire Bu t all

,
.

thi s while t he h u m an be i ngs be lo w had b u t On e th o ught

ho w to pu t t he b agpip e s to sil e n c e fo r e ve r a n d e v e r So .

th e y se t o u t with lan ce s an d s p ears and sli ngs an d sto n e s

, ,

t o give b a ttl e t o t he gi an t b u t at t he sight o f th em he

b u rst i n to s u ch lau ght e r th at an e arthq u ake to o k p lace ,

which swallo we d th e m all u p with th e ir dwe ll i n gs an d th e ir

,

cattle Th e n an o th e r h o st se t o ut aga i n s t him with pi n e

.

to rch e s wh e re with to se t his b eard o n fire He did b u t

,
.

s n e e z e h o w e v e r an d all t he torch e s we re e xti n g u i s h e d an d

, ,

th e i r b eare rs fe ll backward s to t he e arth A third h o s t .

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w o u ld h ave bo u n d him while he sle pt b u t he st re tch e d his

,

li m b s an d t he bo n d s b u r st an d all t he m e n ab o u t him w e r e
, ,

c ru s h e d t o ato m s Th e n th e y w o ul d h ave se t up o n him

.

all t he m ighty wi l d b eas t s he had cre at e d Bu t he sw e pt

.

t he a ir t o g e th e r a n d m ad e th e re o f an e n d l e ss fall o f sn o w ,
‘
that c o ve re d th e m o ve r an d o ve r a n d b uri e d the m d ee p an d
‘

, ,

t u rn e d t o ice ab o ve th e m so th at afte r tho u san d s o f ye ars ,

wh e n th e i r lik e w as n o m o r e to b e se e n o n e arth th o se b east s ,

lay s till with fu r a n d fl e s h u n ch an ge d e m b e dd e d in t he ice

, ,
.

Th e n th e y be th o u ght th e m se lve s o f ge tti n g h o ld o f the

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bagpip e s by ste al th an d carryi n g th e m o fl whil e t he gi an t was
,

as l e e p . Bu t he la id his h ead u p o n th e m an d it was so h e avy

,

th at me n an d b east s to ge th e r co u l d n o t drag t he pip e s fro m

u n d e r it So at las t th e y c re pt u p qu ite so ftly a n d b o re d a
.

ti n y h o le in t he b agpip e s— an d lo th e r e a rose su ch a s to rm
th at o n e c o u ld no t te ll earth o r sea o r sk y apart a n d scarc el y ,

an ythi n g s u rvive d o f all th a t t he C arai m an had c rea t e d Bu t .

t he gi a n t aw o k e n o m o re he is s till sl u m b e ri n g an d u n d e r ,
 THE P RESI DE N T O F THE M O U NTAI NS 37 5

his a rm are bagpip e s whic h so m e ti m e s b e gi n t o so u n d

t he , ,

wh e n t he st o rm —wi n d c atch e s in th e m as it hu rri e s d o w n t he

,

P rah o va V alle y If o n ly so m e o n e c o u ld b u t m e n d t he b ag
.

pipe s th e n t he wo rld wo u ld be l o n g to t he child re n o n c e m o re

, .
”

I h ave t ra n sc ribe d thi s tale al m o st verba ti m fro m L egends

rom Riv e r a nd Mounta in c o ll e ct e d by Ca rm e n Sylva fro m
1
f ,

t he fo lk l o re
- a ss o ci a t e d wit h t he m o u n ta i n s whic h s u rro u n d

he r h o m e a m o n g t he pi n e -w o o d s o f S IN A IA J u dgi n g fro m
.
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3

t he v as t a n tiq u ity o f fo lk l o re in ge n e ral it is p o ss ibl e t ha t

-
,

thi s C A R P A T H IA N s to ry may p re se rve o n e o f t he l e ge n ds o f

PA N in a co m parative ly p u re an d p ri m itive fo rm The .

e m ble m s re p ro d u c e d in fi s 79 0 a d 79 1 a re d e sc ri b e d
g . n

by M o n s B R IQ U ET as Cornemuses T he y app e ar t o re p re se n t
. .

t he i n fl at e d b re ath — b ag o f t he c o rne m u se o r b agpip e a n d I ,

c o n c e ive th at wh o e ve r it m ay h ave b e e n w ho d e sig n e d t he m

had he ard a n d re c o g n i se d t he P ip e s o f PA N .

T 1
l t d b y Alm S t t t ll L d
ra n s a e a re e 89 6
, on on , 1 .

C mp
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o a re ,
I , e c .