EMPOWERMENT TECHNOLOGIES
1st Quarter | 11 – J. Rizal
LESSON 1: ICT
Information and Communication Technologies
World Wide Web
 Tim Berners - Lee (1989)
 The documents and other resources
located from different terminals and web
pages with their unique uniform resource
locator (URL) can be interlinked through
the internet.
 In its initial stage, it only used hypertexts to
connect one page to another page/s.
 single = web page
 multiple web pages = websites.
http://www.example.com
Protocol identifier - http://
Resource name - www.example.com
History of WWW
Web 1.0
 Debatable
 Websites pages are static.
 Website contents and layout are
inseparable.
 Website contents are stored in files.
 Websites use proprietary HTML tags.
 Websites forms are usually sent by email.
Web 2.0
 Darcy DiNucci (1999)
 It has user-generated contents.
 It has emphasis on user experience.
 It has improved interoperability
Web 3.0
 It adheres to minimalist design.
 It uses the semantic web framework.
 It is an ever-present web.
 It applies and uses artificial intelligence.
TRENDS IN ICT
1. Convergent Technologies
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 can be associated with any technology that
applies the process of convergence.
 convergence refers to the meeting of
different elements to make up a whole.
2. Mobile Technologies
 Smartphones and tablets have grown in
popularity in recent years.
 This is largely due to the device's ability to
perform tasks that were previously only
performed by personal computers.
Android – Google created an open-source OS
 Open source – many mobile phone
providers can use it for free.
iOS – Apple (iPhone and iPad)
Blackberry OS – Blackberry
Windows Phone OS – closed source and propriety
OS developed by Microsoft
Symbian – original smartphone OS; Nokia
Web OS – originally smartphones; now for smart
TVs
3. Social Media Platforms
 Process of connecting the people and
bringing relevant and pertinent information
to people across the globe, social media
platforms are in forefront.
- Social Network – allow creation of personal
accounts that will be used to connect with
people for different purposes.
EX: Propeller, Facebook
- Bookmarking Sites – used to search,
manage, organize, and store web pages
that a person wants to revisit or share with
others.
EX. Pinterest, Flipboard
- Social News – to submit news, articles,
stories, videos, and photographs that are
worth sharing to their expected subscribers.
EX: Reddit, Digg, Quora
- Media Sharing – to share and upload
multimedia contents like graphics, texts,
video and audios.
EX: Youtube, Instagram, Snapchat
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- Microblogging – online broadcast
mediums that allow their users to post and
exchange short content.
EX: Twitter, Tumblr
- Blogs and Forums – blog sites allow one
to post their content
EX: Blogger, WordPress
4. Assistive Media
 Devices are adaptive, assistive, and
rehabilitative to the elderly and to people
with special needs.
Online Systems – refer to the integrated and
collaborative use of software, hardware, and the
internet to deliver their intended functions
through and identified platform.
Online Functions – refer to what the system can
do for its users. A tool for searching and
researching vital information. Used to speed up
transactions that may take more time when done
manually.
 Used to organize records that are generated
in single or multiple transactions.
 Used to manage the data involved in online
transactions.
Online Platforms – refers to the range of
services and tools available on the internet that
will be used to provide the indicated functions
earlier.
LESSON 2: ONLINE SAFETY
Online Safety – refers to the maximization of
internet user's knowledge and awareness of safety
protocols, online crimes, and security risk in the
private property and information in which are
connected to the use of the internet.
Online Security – "Rules that are followed and
actions that are taken to make sure that online
users and data privacy aren't compromised by
cybercriminals," (Mocan, 2019).
Online Crimes
1. Cyberbullying
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Republic Act 10627 or The Cyberbullying Anti -
Bullying Act of 2013 defines bullying as “any
severe or repeated use by one or more students of
a written, verbal or electronic expression, or a
physical act or gesture.”
 Flaming - an online fight using electronic
messages with angry and vulgar languages.
 Harassment - act of repeatedly sending nasty,
mean and insulting messages.
 Denigration - sending or posting gossip or
rumors about a person to damage his or her
reputation or friendship.
 Impersonation - someone is pretending to be
someone else and sending or posting material
to get that person in trouble or danger or to
damage that person’s reputation or friendship.
 Outing - act of sharing someone’s secrets or
embarrassing information or images online.
 Trickery - someone is talking to a person to let
him or her reveal his or her secrets or
embarrassing information and then shares the
sensitive information online.
 Exclusion - one is intentionally or cruelly
excluded from an online group.
 Cyberstalking - act of repeated, intense
harassment and denigration that includes
threats or creates significant fear.
2. Identity Theft
US Department of Justice defines “identity theft”
and “identity fraud” as “all types of crimes in which
someone wrongfully obtains and uses another
person’s personal data in some way that involves
fraud or deception, typically for economic gain.”
3. Phishing
Oxford Lexico defines Phishing as, “The
fraudulent practice of sending emails purporting to
be from reputable companies in order to reveal
personal information such as passwords and credit
card numbers”
4. Plagiarism and Copyright Infringement
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1st Quarter | 11 – J. Rizal
5. WRITE YOUR LETTER (MORE ITEMS)
The University of Oxford in the UK states that 6. REVIEW YOUR LETTERS
“plagiarism is presenting someone else’s work or 7. COMPLETE THE MERGE
ideas as your own, with or without their consent,
by incorporating it in your work without full LESSON 4: ADVANCED WORD PROCESSING
acknowledgement.”
Wrap Text
Common Internet Security Threats
1. In line with text
 dangers that are associated with using the  Default settings
internet.  The image is located in the line where the
text is located.
Most common forms identified by McAfee
Corporation: 2. Square – The text surrounds the image.

 Malware – Malicious Software
 Computer Worms - these are programs
that can replicate themselves from one
computer to another in great volume.
 Spam - generally, spam and unwanted
messages are harmless.
 Phishing - these scams are created by
cybercriminals who intend to ask for private
or elicit information from their victims.
3. Behind the text – The image is located behind
the text.
4. Tight – The text surrounds the image, but the
margin/space between the image and the text
is smaller.
5. Top and Bottom – Text at the top or bottom of
the image.

Internet Security Strategies 6. In front of text – Image is located in front of the

text or hovers above the text which obscures it.
 Browser Selection
 Email Security Guides in Making an Effective Presentation
 Multifactor Authentication (MFA)
Minimalism – Do not put too many slides in a
 Firewalls
Presentation.
Clarity – The slides in the presentation must be
Online Ethics – ethics deals with what is good
clear.
and bad. It is a set of moral principles that can be
Simplicity – Do not put an entire paragraph in
taken as a guiding philosophy in life.
the slide. Follow 6*7 rule that limits the
content.
Online Etiquette – This acceptable conduct that
Visual – Orientedness – Use relevant graphics
adheres to polite behaviors and respectful
to make the presentation more interesting.
manners.
Consistency – Slides should be uniform
Contrast – Make the presentation readable
LESSON 3: MAIL MARGE
Hyperlink – Allows you to connect your
Mail Merge – Allows you to produce multiple
presentation with other documents or even within
letters, Labels, envelopes, name tags, and more
your presentation by connecting it to a text or a
using information stored in a list, database, or
picture.
spreadsheet. Personalized Mail for many people.
LESSON 5: ADVANCE SPREADSHEET SKILLS
1. SELECT YOUR DATABASE (WORD OR
EXCEL)
Formulas – appears in the formula bar or written
2. SELECT CURRENT FILE
into a cell
3. SELECT STARTING DOCUMENT
4. SELECT RECIPIENT  (=) Equal Sign
 (+) Plus Sign
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1st Quarter | 11 – J. Rizal
 (-) Minus Sign
 (*) Asterisk Sign
 (/) Forward Slash Sign
1. AUTOSUM – calculates the sum of the
numbers on the selected cells.
2. SUMIF() – used to summate the values of
cells in a range that meet a criteria that
have been specified.
3. AVERAGE() – Allows user to get the
average of all the numbers in the chosen
cells.
 Basic formula is =AVERAGE (range to be
counted)
4. COUNT() – Used to count the number
chosen cells that have a number value in
them.
 Basic formula is =COUNT (range to be counted)
IMAGING AND DESIGN FOR ONLINE
ENVIRONMENT
Principles of Design
1. Balance – The visual weight of objects,
texture, color, and space is evenly distributed
on the screen.
A. Symmetrical – has an imaginary line
B. Asymmetrical – doesn’t have imaginary
line.
2. Emphasis – An area in the design that may
appear different in size, texture, shape, or color
to attract the viewer’s attention.
3. Movement – Visual elements guide the
viewer’s eyes around the screen.
4. Pattern, Repetition, and Rhythm – Create
unity in layout; repeating visual elements, and
organized.
5. Proportion – Visual elements create a sense of
unity where they relate well with one another.
6. Variety – Uses several designs elements to
draw a viewer’s attention.
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 Variety prevents design from being
monotonous.
INFOGRAPHICS
Information graphics are used to represent
information, statistical data, or knowledge in a
graphical manner usually done in a creative way to
attract the viewer’s attention.
REASONS TO USE INFOGRAPHICS
 To communicate a message
 To present in a way that is compact and easy to
comprehend
 To analyze data in order to discover cause-and-
effect relationships.
ELEMENTS OF INFOGRAPHICS
1. Visual Elements
2. Content Elements
3. Knowledge Elements
ONLINE FILE FORMAT FOR IMAGES
1. JPEG (Joint Photographic Expert Group)
 One of the most popular image file
type, widely used for sharing and
uploading visual content online.
 Supports 24-bit colors (16.7M)
 Used for photographic images and
graphics with complex colors and
gradients.
2. PNG (Portable Network Graphics)
 Supports 24-bit colors (16M)
 Features background transparency.
 Does not support animation.
 Older printers may not support PNG
transparencies.
3. GIF (Graphic Interchange Format)
 Supports 8-bit colors (256 colors)
 Features background transparency and
animation
 Requires editing program.