Efficiency Of The Newly Developed Fish Port

And Its Impact On Local Fishing Businesses

Of Barangay Dalahican

By

Ericka G. Cantos

John Lorenz Alcaraz

Jhunathan Bano

Jazzmine Corbes

Axel Duran

Francine Flores

2023
 CHAPTER I

Introduction

Fish selling is one of the main jobs in the Philippines as it is an archipelago. In the

province of Batangas, the Municipality of San Juan is one example of a popular fish market.

Additionally, tourists frequently go there. However, the researchers discovered that even while

visitors continued to arrive, fish sales in Sitio Burol, Nagsaulay, San Juan, Batangas decreased.

(Bacay, 2019)

According to Alapan (2016), with a total production of 3.1 million tons of fish and other

aquatic creatures in 2014, the Philippines was one of the world’s top producers of fish.

Mindanao, in particular Surigao Del Sur, where fishing is a major source of income, is one of the

locations of the nation with an island-dwelling population numbering in the hundreds. The fact

that a number of intervening factors influence and restrict access to fishing, however, seems to

provide a serious problem for fishermen themselves. Ultimately, the price demand of fish being

sold has a major impact on customers who depend on them.

Moreover according to Kolkata(2018), obtaining governmental identification as fish

workers or fishermen can be challenging for seafood dealers. In terms of obtaining government

identity cards as fish workers, they lag considerably behind fishermen and fish growers. While

collecting fish from the wholesale fish depots and fish landing centres, the fish merchants

encounter chaos and poor management every day. Mistakes are frequently made when bidding

at auction. The elderly and female fish dealers find it extremely challenging to participate fairly in

the auction due to jostling and pushing. Always taking advantage of the helpless and vulnerable

fish vendors are the wealthy and powerful. Naturally, the worst sufferers are the female fish

merchants.
 In addition, according to Kolkata (2018), to move the fish from fish depots, seaside fish

landing centers, or other fish production centers to the fish markets or towns, fish merchants

need transportation. By bus, pick-up truck, motorcycle, rickshaw van, bicycle or even on their

heads, fish vendors transport the catch. Due to transportation and budgetary limitations, fish

vendors, particularly female fish vendors, endure extremely challenging circumstances. The

majority of those who receive government-provided bicycles, motorcycles, or cold boxes are

supporters of the reigning political parties, many of whom do not even come from fishing towns.

The experiences of fish vendors before the development of fish ports were

characterized by difficulties connected to infrastructure, cleanliness, market conditions, and

environmental issues. Fish dealers often confronted many difficulties and had unusual

experiences. By constructing contemporary facilities, strengthening storage and transportation,

and expanding market accessibility for vendors, fish ports were developed with the intention of

resolving many of these problems.

Back when the fish port wasn’t yet developed, the situation for fish dealers wasn’t

good. There was a lot of mud, unpleasant smells, and trash everywhere. Additionally, because

there were not enough spaces for each vendor, their goods were frequently stolen. Due to the

lack of available space, many sellers broke the fish ports’ laws and started putting up stalls on

the road. They would interfere with the truck routes, causing delays for oncoming traffic.

Additionally, their fish products have occasionally been seized for breaking the law. Back then,

the environment for fish dealers was difficult.

Newly Developed Fish Port has a good or positive and bad or negative effects on fish

vendors. The positive effects of having a newly develop port is to have an opportunity to do

international trade, allowing for the import and export of goods. It can boost and improve the

services of ports. Having a newly develop port enhances connectivity with other places

promoting and exchanging of goods and products.

 The researchers’ purpose in this study is to develop a program for fish vendors in order

for them to make their market easier And also, to be familiar with the strategies that they using

to have a better selling. And lastly, the researchers aims to know the changes of having a new

develop port in fish vendors market.

Statement of the problem

This study about Efficiency of the Newly Develop Fish Port And Its Impact on Local Fishing

Business of Barangay Dalahican aims to solve problem on fish vendors and how they can

market goods and products that can suit on their everyday needs. Specifically, it seeks to find

answer for the following.

1. What are the problems experienced by the fish vendors with the newly developed fish

port?

2. What are the impact of the newly developed fish port to the fish vendors?

3. What are the adjustments of the fish vendors to be productive in their business?

Significant of the study

This study about Efficiency of the newly develop fish port and its impact on Local fishing

industry of Barangay Dalahican will be important for all fish dealers, particularly those in

Barangay Dalahican to become aware of and comprehend the typical issues they experience on

a regular basis as well as to provide them with a plan to support and meet the requirements of

their families. Specifically, it seeks answer for the following;

Fish vendors - This study will help them determine whether their business management and

product strategies are up to part with customer expectations.

Fishermen - Since fisherman are the source of the fish that fish vendors sell, this study will be

beneficial to them. By increasing the quantity of fish caught, they provide a high family income

that may be used to meet their daily requirements and raise standards of living.

Customers – This study will be beneficial on customers in order for them to know the rules

inside the newly develop fish port.

Government - This study will be important for the government to understand other

socioeconomic issues that vendors are facing and to take action to address these issues.

Municipality of Lucena - This study will be important for the town as the river is nearby and is

the source of the fish that is sold by fish vendors from house to house. Additionally, as more fish

are caught by fishermen, more money can be made, which can increase tax collections and be

used to provide basic services more effectively.

Future Researchers – This study will be beneficial to future researchers who wish to create the

precise study about Efficiency of newly develop fish port and its impact on local fishing

businesses.

Scope and Limitation

The scope of this study is to examine the effectiveness of the newly developed port and how it

will affect the local fishing industry in the Barangay. Dalahican. The parameters of this study,

which will take place between S.Y. 2023 and 2024, include the effectiveness of newly

developed ports as sources of fish vendors, as well as the difficulties they face and the
techniques they employ. The study is limited to quantitative research. Simple random sampling

will be used.

Definition of Terms

For clarify of ease and understanding the following terms are defined conceptually and

operationally.

Customer: A person or entity who purchases goods or services.

Circumstances: The conditions or factors that surround a situation or event.

Contemporary facilities: Modern and up-to-date amenities, equipment, or structures.

Dealers: People or businesses engaged in buying and selling goods, including fish.

Development - means the process of making things better or helping grow and improve.

Efficiency: The ability to accomplish tasks or goals with minimal waste of resources, such as

time, money, or energy.

Fishermen: Individuals who catch fish, typically as a profession or for sustenance.

Fish growers: Individuals or entities involved in the cultivation and farming of fish for commercial

purposes.

Fish port: A location or facility where fish are landed, processed, and distributed for sale and

transportation.

Fish vendors: Individuals or businesses that sell fish to customers, often at markets or retail

locations.

International trade: The exchange of goods and services between countries, often involving

imports and exports.

Landing center: A facility near a fishing location where fish are brought ashore after being

caught.

Strategies: Carefully planned actions or approaches designed to achieve specific goals or

objectives.

Transportation: The movement of people or goods from one place to another, often involving

vehicles or vessels.

CHAPTER II

Review of Related Literature and Studies

This chapter presents the related literature and studies. It contains articles, journal,

printed materials and online.

Related Literature

Foreign

The fishing industry is one of the major drivers of coastal economies and has a

substantial impact on the local economy in terms of the economy, politics, society, and the

environment. The flow of goods between producers and consumers is made easier by a variety

of various sectors and agencies, which are all involved in the fishery sector of a region's

economy. The relationship between the fishing industry and the economy can be represented

as a flow that involves several stages, as follows: the primary fishing industry produces a variety

of fish products; market intermediaries facilitate the movement of this production among
households; processing industries, or forward-linked industries; and export; fishermen; and

forward-linked industries draw input from manufacturing and service industries, or backward-

linked industries. (Akbari , 2023)

According to Djunarsjah et..al (2021), Indonesia is a rich country in marine resources

as well as access to water territory islands that lead to the growing of the fishing industry. It is

followed by position of Indonesia that became third largest in fish production, after China and

Peru. Despite the relatively stable trend in total marine captures, catches of major species have

undergone marked variations over the years, as well as fluctuations in the catches among the

top producing countries – notably Indonesia, whose marine catches increased from less than 4

million tonnes in the early 2000s to over 6.7 million tonnes in 2018. Although improvements in

the country's data collection and reporting partially account for the increase. When global

catches are declining, the fisheries sector in Indonesia was recorded in a steady increase

Furthermore, according to Benette (2018), oceans' economic potential has attracted

the attention of environmentalists, business executives, funders, governments, and multilateral

institutions like the World Bank and the United Nations. This is demonstrated by an increase in

international conferences with an ocean focus that, in the past, have prioritized conservation as

the main topic but now highlight a focus on the "Blue Economy"

Moreover, Tolley et.al (2015) stated that the consolidation and corporatization of

fishing companies that occur when managers use individual transferable quotas (ITQs) have

been widely documented in fisheries around the world . The broad consensus among neoliberal

economists is that these predictable impacts are preferable as a first step in correcting the

shortcomings of fisheries management. It has been argued for a number of decades that

making access to fishing a private property right will lead to people who are permitted such

access safeguarding “their property” through better resource management. Even while
individual fisheries ITQs were created in the Netherlands, Iceland, and Canada in the 1970s,

New Zealand was the first country to embrace them as a national strategy.

In addition, based on the study of OECD (2017), fisheries represent an important

source of food and livelihood for millions of people around the world. However, based on Food

and Agriculture Organization (FAO) analysis of assessed commercial fish stocks. The share of

fish stocks within biologicallv sustainable levels has decreased since the 1970s and is only

starting to recover now. IUU fishing is estimated at 15% of total catches, representing a value of

EUR 24 billion annuallv.

According to Luomba et al. (2013), 58% of fisherman are thought to have

numerous sources of income. The sustainable livelihood framework proposed by Chamber and

Cornway (1992) was developed by Ibrahim et al. (2017) on the basis of their research indicating

that capital is the essential element.

While the majority of the fishermen’s money is spent on a variety of endeavors, a

considerable percentage is used to fulfill their most basic requirements, such as those for food,

clothes, shelter, healthcare, and other necessities of life. Education, there are two aspects to

education: the vendors’ ability to cover the costs of sending their kids to school and the level of

education the vendors have attained. In addition, it was projected that illiterate men and women

would work as fish vendors. ( Gibson et al. 2020).

Azmi et.al (2022 ) , demonstrated that a significant shortage of healthcare resources

and other infrastructure noticed how Bangladeshi fishing communities were lowering their

revenue. In a different instance, Fabinyi et.al (2021) highlighted how the physical infrastructure

given by the authorities is impacted by improvements to livelihoods while enhancing the welfare

of the people.

Local
 A new facility that would act as the primary accelerator for the fishing and other

agricultural sectors in the communities bordering San Miguel Bay is what the P50 million

Sabang Fish Port Development Project seeks to create. The project, which is being carried out

by the Department of Transportation and Communications, entails building a fish port in a

reclaimed area along with a terminal shed and restrooms. Local fisherman, fish brokers,

construction suppliers, and the general populace are anticipated to gain from the project (Fish

Site, 2023)

According to Rita Parmawati et.al (2019), in the global economic system, the fishing

industry is a significant participant. People started to focus on environmental and social

challenges, such as resource depletion, climate change, and pollution, after a long period of

trade growth, industrialization, and economic benefits of fisheries since the globalization era. A

contemporary, integrated, and environmentally friendly infrastructure, fish ports have drawn

competition from other nations. A global community's requirements are driving the development

of sustainable port infrastructure concepts. This depends on the requirement for port

management to reduce adverse environmental effects without impeding the expansion of

economic success. Natural resource wealth, managerial compatibility with nature, and

sustainability are only a few of these environmental considerations.

According to Ibon International (2017), with 3.1 million tonnes of fish and other aquatic

animals produced there in 2012, the Philippines is one of the world's top fish producers. The

fisheries and aquaculture sector employs over 1.5 million people nationwide. The biggest

marine exports are tuna, shrimp, and prawns. The Philippine fishing industry is projected to

have contributed 1.8%, or 196 billion pesos, to the GDP of the nation in 2012.

According to Miraflor (2021), the continued government-approved fish importation,

Navotas Fish Port Complex (NFPC), the biggest fish port in Southeast Asia, announced its

second-highest offloading in 2021. After unloading 20,000.86 metric tons (MT) of fish and
fishery products in October, the Philippine Fisheries Development Authority (PFDA) said that

NFPC had registered its second-highest unloading volume of the year.

Related Studies

Foreign

Morgen (2013) on his study about “Exploring how fishermen respond to the

challenges Facing the fishing industry: A study of diversification And multiple-job holding in the

English Channel fishery” stated that in light of the above developments, it is clear that the

strategies of fisheries diversification and multiple-job holding have a potentially valuable

contribution to the sustainability of both individual fishing businesses and the communities in

which fishing retains socioeconomic importance. These response strategies are particularly

salient given the challenges currently facing the UK fishing industry and the restrictions

fishermen face in developing more profitable fishing practices. However, despite their relevance,

diversification and multiple-job holding have received limited attention from researchers and

academics in this specific context. While historical evidence confirms that fishermen in the UK

have previously engaged in these strategies, knowledge of their present-day application is

limited largely to anecdotal accounts. As such, there exists a gap in knowledge of the current

practices of diversification and multiple-job holding, their contribution to fishing businesses, and

the motives and characteristics of the fishermen

who adopt them.

Local
 Fias (2019) in her study “Research study for fish vendors, Study Guides, Projects,

Research for Biology “ stated that fish vendors encounter problems in their day-to-day

experience. The first category of problems concerns the low demand for fish. Aside from the

season, element of sales operation, other events like typhoons affect the demand for fish. Sea

calamities inhibit buyers from buying, resulting in low demand, supply glut, and saddling

vendors with the problem of leftovers. The general rise and slump in the supply of fish affect

them. When supply is high, they are forced to lower the price and when the supply is low,

vendors compete for the scarce supply and buyers are naturally turned oft given the few

choices. ‘The second problem is the inherent moral hazard of selling on credit, because buyers

may default on payment. The third one is lack of capital that constrains their operational

flexibility. The fourth is the incurring of losses brought about by several interconnected reasons.

Fifth is the health hazard of their job: the schedule Is extremely demanding and as a

consequence. Sixth, followed by the lack of physical assistance and the poor condition of the

building. Other problems are the rent, tough selling season, house rental, relocation, association

dues and tire. The vendors however, have learned to live with these problems, and through

years of experience, devised some techniques to deal with them.

Agustin (2019) on his study about “ The Participation of fish vendors in policy

formulation and implementation in Tacloban City wet market” stated that the City of Tacloban is

the largest City and Regional Center of the Eastern Visayas Region of the Philippines. It is also

the capital city of Leyte. It is known of its historical places and various products seen in the city.

There are abundant supplies of food in the market like fruits, vegetables, meat and fish. Fish

vending is a natural activity in any wet market. The success of the vendors lies in keeping their

“suki” (a friend or loyal customer) from coming back. Customers prefer the friendly and

approachable vendors according to their choice to whom they will to buy. There are secrets

where a fish vendor can have many loyal clients. One maybe by offering good quality of fish,
and proper fish handling, and better pricing . As an organization, participation of fish vendors in

the market policy formulation and implementation would help empower them. It makes impact in

terms of income, services delivered to customers, supplying the need both the vendors and the

consumers, and providing good condition of fish sold. Participation is done by way of attending

meetings, making suggestions on matters concerning market issues and abiding ordinance as

way of discipline. It is our common knowledge that fish vendors are recognized by the City

government and that they are considered as part of the system.

In the market itself, vendors face other kind of problem. Fish vending spaces are either not

recognized or just do not exist. Vendors are often harassed unto paying “local taxes” in order to

continue vending fish on city pavements and other areas perceived as encroaches on public

spaces. They are constantly harassed and threatened with eviction by the police and civic

authorities while 99 units of tampered weighing scales were destroyed by Tacloban City

government in October 2018.

Ramos (2017) in his study about “ Assessment of the Tayabas Bay Fisheries “ made

mention that the 2010 National Statistics Office Census Of Population Survey, Tayabas Bay

had a total coastal Population of 409,000 comprising 82,000 households (NSCB 2010). Twenty

five percent of the households or around 20,500 were fishing households, that is, households

with at least one family member engaged in a fishing activity. The Fisheries Resource

Management Project put emphasis on data management, CRM planning and Implementation,

fisheries legislation and regulation, community-based law enforcement, nearshore monitoring,

and control and ssurveillance

Conceptual Framework

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

- experiences of fish vendors - Quantitative Method - improve fishing (fish

- effect of newly develop port - Descriptive method extension program)

to fish vendors market a. Survey - higher returns

b. Data - better quality of market

Gathering

- Simple random

sampling

-Weighted Mean

The researcher adopted the Input Process Output (IPO) model. It includes all of the

materials and the information that are required in the process, the specific details of the process

itself, and the guide on Efficiency of Newly Developed Fish Port and Its Impact on Local Fishing

Businesses in Dalahican . The concept model, as shown in Figure 1. It shows what is the

factors and effects of newly develop port to fish vendors. For process, it consist of the method
that are going to use to gathered more data. For Output, it consist the strategy or what the

researchers can do or help to improve the fish vendors’ fishing and market.

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the research Methodology to be used in undertaking the

“Efficiency of Newly Developed Fish Port and Its Impact on Local Fishing Businesses in

Dalahican” .Specifically, this include research design, research locale, respondents sampling

and procedure, instrumentation, validation of Instrument, data gathering procedure and

statistical treatment.

Research Design

To clarify meaning and interpretation through multiple source of information and

repeatability of observation the quantitative research was used. Thus, checklist questionnaire is

needed to obtain information in Efficiency of Newly Developed Fish Port and Its Impact on local

fishing businesses in Dalahican.

Research Locale

The research study will be carried out in the Lucena Dalahican fish port along the

Barangay Dalahican. Since the researchers are students in Dalahican, it is simple for them to

conduct and collect the data necessary to complete this research.

Research Respondents

The researcher selected the fish vendors from Lucena Dalahican fish port to be

respondents of this study. The researcher had came up with twenty five (25) fish vendors as

respondents to be representative and answering the survey. They were chosen by simple

random sampling.

Research Instrument

The tools that the researchers will utilize to perform the study are checklist

questionnaires this will be used to determine the Efficiency of Newly Developed Fish Port and

Its Impact on Local Fishing Businesses in Dalahican. All data will be collected confidentially to

ensure the safety of both researchers and respondents while obtaining information that is crucial

for determining the research output. This action research will be using a survey using checklist

questionnaires to provide a set of questions to be answered.

Data Gathering Procedure

Data gathering procedure involves sending a letter of request asking permission from

the school head then after the approval the conduct of the study was considered. With that the

researchers administered a Likert scale checklist questionnaire. Then after the retrieval, data

then be tallied, computed, and tabulated to reveal the means of each parameter in the given

study.

Statistical Treatment

To answer the problem posed in the study, these statistical tools will be applied for the data

collected.

Weighted Mean

Formula:
4f + 3f + 2f + 1f / n

Where :

F – frequency

n – total respondents

The scale below will be used for the analysis of the data

Point Scale Range Descriptive Rating

4 3.25 – 4.00 Strongly Agree (SA)

3 2.50 – 3.24 Agree (A)

2 1.75 – 2.49 Disagree (D)

1 1.0 1.74 Strongly Disagree (SD)

Questionnaires

1.What are the problems experienced by the fish vendors with the newly developed fish
port?

Statements Strongly Agree Disagree Strongly

Agree Disagree
1.I’m having a hard time adjusting to the newly
developed fish port.
2.I could not sell properly because of the difficulty
of the fish transaction.
3.I couldn’t immediately enter the fish port
because it’s required to wear boots.
4.I can no longer purchase fish wholesale due to
the strict rule such as having your own fish tub
before buying.
5.My income is decreasing because of rent
payments.
 6.The space is not wide so it’s often crowded.
7. I have so many competitors.
8. We can’t import fish right away because we
can’t just enter the fish port easily.
9. I can’t sell when it rains heavily because our
place doesn’t have a roof
10. I’m having excess supply of fish to sell
because of having many competitors.

2. What are the impact of the newly developed fish port to the fish vendors?
Statement Strongly Agree Disagree Strongly
Agree Disagree
1.We have a good selling of fish.
2.Fishing got easy and fast to market.
3.We are safe for the risk of contamination and
accidents.
4.We experience more opportunities to generate
income.
5.We are more competitive in terms of pricing.
6.My position in newly developed fish port got
organized.
7.It is now easier for trucks to enter and exit the
newly developed fish port because of large
enough space so the transaction of fisheries
become easy.
8. We attract more customers because of better
facilities.
9. My income got increase because of newly
developed fish port.
10.The surroundings of my work place has
become cleaner.
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