2 Hours

WEEK 10

GAIN ATTENTION
Directions: Imagine you are going to make a newspaper what would be the name and tagline
of the newspaper. Explain.

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INFORM LEARNERS OF OBJECTIVES

At the end of this module, you should be able to:

Cognitive:
identify the reasons for Rizal’s arrest and imprisonment.

Affective:
Explain how the founding of La Liga Filipina was a critical turning
point in Rizal’s philosophy.

Psychomotor:
Discuss the events during the last hours of Rizal.
 Stimulate Recall of Prior Learning

SEGMENT 1 RIZAL’S ARREST AND EXILE

RIZAL’S ARREST

After the founding of La Liga Filipina, Rizal went back again in Malacanan as
requested by the Governor-General. This was the trap that was set up for Rizal.
He was asked by Despujol if he still had the intention to go back to Hong Kong.
The Governor-General asked him about who was the owner of the pillows and
mats in his luggage. He replied that they belonged to his sister Lucia. Despujol
ordered a search of his luggage and ordered him to be arrested. He was
imprisoned in Fort Santiago.

On July 7, 1892, The Governor-General issued a gubernatorial decree

ordering the deportation of Rizal to Dapitan. The grounds were as follows:
1. Introductions in the Philippines of various anti-monastic books and
handbills
2. Going to different provinces without the permission of the Governor-
General
3. Finding dangerous materials in his luggage such as the pamphlet Pobres
Frailes or Poor Friars which mocked the religious orders, dedication of the
El Filibusterismo to GOMBURZA
4. Attempt to de-Catholicize and de-nationalize the Filipino people (Garcia
et al.)

SPLIT OF LA LIGA FILIPINA

Rizal’s Deportation to Dapitan Started to affect the League. It became inactive.

Andres Bonifacio and Domingo Franco tried to resurrect the League. The
League aimed to give support to La Solidaridad and its reform purposes to be
heard in Spanish Cortez.
Later, however, the Supreme Council dissolved the League because it no
longer believed the reformation, especially people could no longer provide
funding in La Solidaridad and other acts of reform. Some of the members of the
Supreme Council, including Bonifacio, wanted a radical way to address the
concerns of the Filipino people.

La Liga Filipina was split into two groups:

● Cuerpo de Compromisarios
● Katipunan

Although History says that Katipuneros brought Philippine independence,

Rizal played an important role:
1. He awakened the minds and hearts of the Filipino people through his Noli
and Fili.
2. He showed the Spaniards and the Filipinos that if reformation would fail, a
bloody revolution would take place.
3. Even though Rizal did not give up peaceful reformation, he led the
founding of the structure and system of the Katipunan because it was
based on his La Liga Filipina aiming to unite Filipinos in national level.

The Promise and Hope in Dapitan ( First Homecoming )

The life of Jose Rizal has been narrated and

talked about in countless academic works,
from his early childhood up to his life abroad.
However, his experience as an exile in
Dapitan is often overlooked.
When Rizal returned to Manila on June 26,
1892, he was already declared as an enemy
of the state because of his novels. His every
move was monitored by the Spanish
authorities, searching all houses he frequented and interrogating the people he
knew. Despite this, on July 3, 1892, Rizal and his friends were still able to establish
La Liga Filipina. The group’s safehouse was the house of Doroteo Ongjunco
located in Tondo, Manila.
The then Gov. Gen. Eulogio Despujol ordered the arrest as a political move to
appease the friars. He publicized in Graceta de Manila that the grounds for
Rizal’s arrest were his anti-Catholic and anti-friar stance which manifested in his
writings.
 After his arrest, Rizal was deported to Dapitan, a province in Zamboanga,
a place far from his family and friends so that communication with them would
be difficult. Further, The Spanish authorities believed that sending Rizal to
Dapitan would make his life miserable. However, Rizal proved them wrong. In
fact, being in exile was considered a very fruitful episode of his life.

While in Dapitan, Rizal focused on serving the people and the society
through his civic works, medical practices, agricultural projects, and education.
He also devoted his time to improving his artistic and literary letters to his friends
in Europe, especially to Ferdinand Blumentritt and Reinhold Rost.

Rizal also became more interested in studying the lifestyle, values, and
beliefs of the cultural minorities. Since he was living within their community, he
realized that they should not be excluded from the narrative of the Philippine
society. In his day to day interactions with them, Rizal understood that they were
important in the formation of a national consciousness.

In the course of his exile, the Spanish authorities offered to pardon him if
he would retract his proclamations against the Church.
Rizal did not yield. He was still very vocal in his contempt toward the practices of
the Catholic Church. Jesuit priests put in a lot of effort so that Rizal would
perform religious rites and submit himself to confession. He engaged in scholarly
debates about religion with Fray Pablo Pastells, the Superior of the Jesuit mission
in the Philippines. This exchange of heated arguments further revealed the anti-
Church Rizal - his disdain for the abuses committed by the friars. Just like the
previous attempts of other friars, Fray Pastells tried his best to make Rizal
reconsider his stance against the Church but it was all in vain.

It was during his exile that Rizal met Josephine Bracken. Bracken
accompanied her blind foster father, George Taufer, who came to seek Rizal’s
help about his cataract. Rizal and Bracken instantly fell in love.

Dr. Pio Valenzuela was sent as an emissary by Andres Bonifacio, the

leader of the Katipunan, to seek Rizal’s opinion and approval of an armed
rebellion against the Spanish authorities. Rizal was outrightly opposed to the idea
of an armed rebellion. For him, the Filipinos did not need to wage a bloody
revolution to gain independence. He believed that Filipinos were not yet united
and fully educated, and that the Katipunan lacked the machinery to defeat the
Spaniards. At this point, Rizal was hoping for concessions and reforms from Spain.

Rizal: Humanist and Samaritan Beyond Compare

Rizal volunteered himself to be a military doctor in Cuba, one of the

Spanish colonies which, at the time, was currently under revolution. Rizal was
persuaded by his friend Blumentritt. Because it was his friend who advised him, it
seemed to be good to Rizal. However, his family did not approve of this
because of the situation in Cuba at that time.

Despite the disapproval of his parents, Rizal sent his intent to

volunteer to the Governor-General Blanco. Blanco later approved his request.
At first, Rizal thought of not accepting the appointment. However, he
changed his decision and accepted the appointment. He thought that if he
rejected the appointment and the revolution of the Katipunan broke out, he
would be suspected by the Spanish government. He would have no choice but
to join Bonifacio in leading the revolution ( Garcia et al 2011).

On July 31, 1896, Rizal left Dapitan on board the steamer Espana.
On August 6, 1896, he arrived in Manila. Rizal was brought to the cruiser Castilla.
He stayed there while waiting for the ship bound for Spain. He stayed in the
cruiser for almost a month with no other visitors except his family and Josephine.
While staying at the cruiser, he heard the news of the discovery of the
Katipunan.

However, prior to the discovery of Katipunan, Andres Bonifacio and

his group tried to rescue Rizal from the cruiser. Emilio Jacinto and a few
members of the Katipunan sneaked, disguising themselves as sailors inside
Castilla. Upon meeting Rizal, Jacinto explained that they came to rescue him.
Rizal, politely, refused the offer of the Katipunan.

The Sail To Cuba

 On September 3, 1896, Rizal left for Spain aboard the S.S. Isla de
Panay. While on the ship, he heard some of the passengers spreading rumors
against him.

Meanwhile, in the Philippines, bulks of documents from the

Katipunan were discovered by the Spanish authorities. Many of these
documents implicated Rizal to the Katipunan. Copies of the Nolii and Fili were
found including pictures of Rizal. There were documents stating that Rizal was an
honorary member of the Katipunan. The use of Rizal’s name as a battle cry was
also discovered which was confirmed by the testimony of those arrested
Katipuneros. All of these led the Spanish authorities to believe that Rizal was
involved in the revolution.

Later, he received a letter from Capt. A. Alemany ordering him to

stay inside his cabin because he would be brought back to Manila as per order
of Governor-General Blanco. On October 3, 1896, the S.S. Isla de Panay arrived
in Barcelona exactly 30 days after leaving Manila. He was quarantined there
until Oct 6, 1896.

On Oct 6, 1896, he boarded S.S. Colon that brought him back to

the Philippines. While onboard, Rizal learned that his name was being blamed
by Spain for the bloody revolution that was taking place in the Philippines. Rizal
thought that it was good that he was returning to the Philippines so that he
could vindicate himself.

Rizal’s friends; Dr. Regidor and Sixto Lopez hired an English lawyer in
Singapore to legally rescue Rizal by filing a writ of habeas corpus. Unfortunately,
the court denied the petition on the ground that the Colon was carrying Spanish
troops in the Philippines. hence , Singapore had no jurisdiction to grant the
petition because it was a warship of a foreign country.

ELICIT PERFORMANCE
Discuss the struggles and benefits of Rizal’s travel to Cuba
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SYNTHESIS

ASSESS PERFORMANCE

DIRECTIONS: Write what you have learned about the life in exile of Dr. Jose Rizal
and going to Cuba. Fill in your answers in the column below.

What have I learned

 Source: shorturl.at/mqrHX

ENHANCE RETENTION AND TRANSFER

Directions: Write a 20 sentence paragraph on the topic: Local Development is the Key
Towards National Progress