) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
Presented by Semi-finals Group

AGGREGATE DEMAND
& AGGREGATE SUPPLY
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
CORPORATE SOCIAL
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

RESPONSIBILITY

“ Strategy undertaken by companies to

not just grow profits, but also to take an
active and positive social role in the
world around them. The term is also
associated with the related term
corporate citizenship. “
-techtarget.com
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

02

it has significant impacts in all aspects in the

society such as economic, social, and
environmental.
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) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

TYPES OF CSR

ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICAL PHILANTHROPIC FINANCIAL

) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
ENVIRONMENTAL
RESPONSIBILITY
an essential component of
corporate social
responsibility that is
rooted in the preservation
of the natural world.
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
ETHICAL
RESPONSIBILITY
a pillar of corporate social
responsibility that is
based on fair and ethical
behavior.
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
PHILANTHROPIC
RESPONSIBILITY
key component of
corporate social
responsibility that focuses
on how a company acts
and contributes to society.
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
FINANCIAL
RESPONSIBILITY
it connects all the 3 areas
that must be supported
financially through
program investments,
donations, or product
research.
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

AGGREGATE DEMAND
a curve that shows how a change in price level will change aggregate
expenditures on all goods and services in an economy
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
WHY IS IT DOWNWARD
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

SLOPING?
01 Consumption

02 Investment

03 Government
Spending

04 Net Exports
 WEALTH EFFECT
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) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
Real balance effect
Fall in the price level: Makes the holders of money and
financial assets richer, so they buy more.
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

INTEREST RATE EFFECT

The effect that a lower price level has

on investment expenditures through
the effect that a change in a price level
has on interest rate. Decrease in price
level: Increase real cash on hand
(money balances)
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
THE INTERNATIONAL EFFECT
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The price level falls (assuming the exchange rate does not change), net exports will rise.
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

THE MULTIPLIER EFFECT

The amplification of initial changes in expenditures.
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

SHIFTS IN THE AD CURVE

A shift in the AD curve means that at every price level, total
expenditures have changed.
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
Five important shift factors:
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

01 FOREIGN INCOME

EXCHANGE RATE
02 FLUCTUATIONS

03 EXPECTATIONS

04 DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME

05 GOVERNMENT POLICIES
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
EFFECTS OF A SHIFT
FACTOR

The AD curve shifts out by

more than the initial
change in expenditures.
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

AGGREGATE SUPPLY
Aggregate supply refers to the quantity of goods and services that
firms are willing and able to supply.
The relationship between this quantity and the price level is
different in the long and short run.
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
Long-run aggregate supply (LAS) curve:

A curve that shows the

relationship in the long run
between the price level and
the quantity of real GDP
supplied.
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
Short-run aggregate supply (SRAS)
curve:

A curve that shows the relationship

between the price level and the quantity
of goods and services firms are willing to
supply, holding constant all other
variables that affect the willingness of
firms to supply goods and services.
The SRAS is upward-sloping.
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) SHIFTS OF THE SHORT-RUN AGGREGATE
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
SUPPLY CURVE VS. MOVEMENTS ALONG IT

A change in the price level not caused by factors that would

otherwise affect short-run aggregate supply results in a
movement along a stationary SRAS curve.
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
Factors cause the SRAS curve to shift
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

LABOR FORCE OR CAPITAL STOCK

PRODUCTIVITY
EXPECTED FUTURE PRICE LEVEL
WORKERS AND FIRMS ADJUSTING TO INCORRECT
ESTIMATION OF PRICE
SUPPLY SHOCKS
DECREASE

) ) ) ) ) ) )
INCREASE
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
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) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
SHORT-RUN EQUILIBRIUM
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
LONG-RUN EQUILIBRIUM
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Thank You
By Semis Group

ALOJADO-LAGRIMAS-MANGARING-MORALES-
OCADO-RANOLA-SOCHACO