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    EE182221 DC Machines Ep5 Upload

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    Warayut Kampeerawat
    (1) The document discusses three methods for controlling the speed of DC motors: armature voltage control, field control, and armature resistance control. (2) Armature voltage control involves keeping the field current constant, which keeps the torque constant. Speed is then controlled by varying the armature voltage. (3) Field control involves keeping the armature voltage constant. Speed is then controlled by varying the field current, which varies the torque. (4) Armature resistance control involves keeping both the field current and armature voltage constant. Speed is then controlled by varying the armature resistance, which varies the torque.

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    EE182221 DC Machines Ep5 Upload

    Uploaded by

    Warayut Kampeerawat
    6 views12 pages
    (1) The document discusses three methods for controlling the speed of DC motors: armature voltage control, field control, and armature resistance control. (2) Armature voltage control involves keeping the field current constant, which keeps the torque constant. Speed is then controlled by varying the armature voltage. (3) Field control involves keeping the armature voltage constant. Speed is then controlled by varying the field current, which varies the torque. (4) Armature resistance control involves keeping both the field current and armature voltage constant. Speed is then controlled by varying the armature resistance, which varies the torque.

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    (1) The document discusses three methods for controlling the speed of DC motors: armature voltage control, field control, and armature resistance control. (2) Armature voltage control involves keeping the field current constant, which keeps the torque constant. Speed is then controlled by varying the armature voltage. (3) Field control involves keeping the armature voltage constant. Speed is then controlled by varying the field current, which varies the torque. (4) Armature resistance control involves keeping both the field current and armature voltage constant. Speed is then controlled by varying the armature resistance, which varies the torque.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    6 views12 pages

    EE182221 DC Machines Ep5 Upload

    Uploaded by

    Warayut Kampeerawat
    (1) The document discusses three methods for controlling the speed of DC motors: armature voltage control, field control, and armature resistance control. (2) Armature voltage control involves keeping the field current constant, which keeps the torque constant. Speed is then controlled by varying the armature voltage. (3) Field control involves keeping the armature voltage constant. Speed is then controlled by varying the field current, which varies the torque. (4) Armature resistance control involves keeping both the field current and armature voltage constant. Speed is then controlled by varying the armature resistance, which varies the torque.

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    Contents

    DCMACHINES  SpeedControlofDCMotor
    Á‡¦ºÉ°Š‹´„¦„¨Å¢¢oµ„¦³Â­˜¦Š
    EPISODEV:SPEEDCONTROL&STARTING  SpeedControlSystem
     Starter
    182221ELECTRICALMACHINESI

      


      
     !"# 

    SelfExcited(Shunt)Motor
    SpeedControl
    SeparatelyExcitedMotor Armaturecircuit:
    Armaturecircuit: Ea K aIZm
    Ea K aIZm Vt Ea  I a Ra
    Vt Ea  I a Ra
    Fieldcircuit:
    Fieldcircuit: Vt
    Vf If
    If Rf
    Rf

    Vt Ra
    Speedofrotation: Zm  Te Vt Ra
    K aI ( K aI ) 2 Speedofrotation: Zm  Te
    K aI ( K aI ) 2
    (1) ArmatureVoltageControl
    Vt Ra Vt Ra
    Speedofrotation: Zm  Te I f =constant Ÿ I =constant Zm  Te
    K aI ( K aI ) 2 K aI ( K aI ) 2
    Zm Vt
    Noload: T 0 Zm
    SpeedcontrolofDCmotors: K aI
    (1) ArmatureVoltageControl Zbase
    (2) FieldControl Zm v Vt
    (3) ArmatureResistanceControl

    Vt ,rated
    0 Vt

    (2)FieldControl
    LoadCondition: Zm K1Vt  K 2T
    Vt Ra
    Vt =constant Zm  T
    Zm Zm K aI ( K aI )2
    T2 ! T1 ! T Vt 3 ! Vt 2 ! Vt1 Vt
    Noload: T 0 Zm I v If
    T 0 T1 T2 K aI
    Zm
    1
    Vt 3 Zm v
    If
    Vt 2
    Vt1

    Vt T
    0 If
    §1· § 1 · (3)ArmatureResistanceControl
    LoadCondition: Zm K3 ¨ ¸  K 4 ¨ 2 ¸ T
    ©I ¹ ©I ¹ Vt ( R  Rae )
    I f =constant, Vt =constant Zm  a Te
    Zm Zm K aI ( K aI ) 2
    T 0
    Zm
    T2 ! T1 ! T I f 3 ! I f 2 ! I f1 Zm K5  K 6T  K 7TRae

    T1
    Zbase
    I f1
    If2 T1
    T2
    If3

    If T
    0 Rae

    CharacteristicsofPower,Torque,andSpeedofmotors
    Zm K5  K 6T  K 7TRae

    Zm Zm armaturevoltage fieldcontrol
    control

    T3 ! T2 ! T1 Rae 3 ! Rae 2 ! Rae1 Prated


    TORQUE
    Trated
    T1 Rae1
    T2 Rae 2
    T3 Rae3
    Vt ,rated

    Rae T
    Zbase Zmax
    MechanicalLoadCharacteristics
    SeriesDCMotor
    P k T k
    Ea K aIZm
    1 Pvn Te K aI I a
    Tv
    n
    n n K aI K sr I a

    P v n2 P v n3 Ea K sr I aZm

    2
    Te K sr I a2
    T vn T vn

    Ea Vt  I a ( Ra  Rae  Rsr )
    n n

    TorqueSpeedCharacteristicsofSeriesMotor TorqueSpeedCharacteristicsofSeriesMotor
    Vt ( R  Rae  Rsr ) Vt ( R  Rae  Rsr )
    Zm  a Vt =constant Zm  a
    K sr I a K sr K srTe K sr

    Vt ( R  Rae  Rsr )
    Zm  a Zm Rae3 Rae 2 Rae1
    K srTe K sr
    Zm
    Rae 3 ! Rae 2 ! Rae1

    Te
    Te , I a
    EXAMPLE1 Adcmachine(25kW,250V,1200rpm)isoperated EXAMPLE2 Adcmotor(250V,100A,1200rpm)hasarmature
    asamotor.Thespeedofmotorisadjustedoveritsbasespeed resistance=0.1.Themotorisdrivenbyusingavariabledc
    (ratedspeed)byreducingfieldcurrent.Determinethemaximum supply(0250V)connectedtothearmaturecircuit.Thefield
    torqueataspeedof2000rpmwhenthearmatureresistanceis circuitisconnectedtoaconstantdcsupplyandthefieldcurrentis
    neglected. keptconstant.Therotorisconnectedtoaconstanttorqueloadat
    aspeedof600rpm,Vt =120VandIa =80A.
    Neglecttheeffectofarmaturereactionandtherotationallosses.

    a) WhenVt isincreasedto180V,findthespeedofmotor.
    b) Whenwewanttorunthemotorat1000rpm,findthe
    terminalvoltage(Vt).
    c) Whenanexternalresistor=0.3 isconnectedinserieswith
    thearmaturewindingandVt =120V,findthespeedofmotor.
    d) Whenthetorqueofloadisdecreasedby50%,findVt that
    controlthemotortorunat1000rpm.
    WardLeonardSystem
    SpeedControlSystem
    ACmotor DCgenerator DCmotor

    • WardLeonardSystem
    • SolidStateControlSystem
    • ClosedLoopControlSystem

    WardLeonardSystem SolidStateControlSystem
    MGset DCdrivemotor DCmotor

    armaturevoltage fieldcontrol ACSUPPLY


    control 1 or 3 AC
    SOLIDSTATE
    Prated CONVERTER DC
    TORQUE
    Trated

    DC
    Signalto
    controlVt
    AC
    Vt ,rated SOLIDSTATE
    CONVERTER
    Signalto
    Zbase Zmax controlIf
    SolidStateControlSystem

    ACSUPPLY
    1 or 3

    D 0o
    Signalto D
    controlVt

    D 30o
    SCRs=Siliconcontrolledrectifiers

    D 0o

    D 30o
    OutputofControlrectifiers
    (AverageOutputVoltage)

    Semiconverter Fullconverter

    2VP (1  cos D ) 2 2VP cos D


    Singlephase Vo Vo
    S S

    Threephase V 3 6VP (1  cos D ) 3 6VP cos D


    o Vo
    2S S

    D the firing angle of SCRs


    VP Peak Voltage

    ClosedLoopControlSystem
    EXAMPLE3 TheWardLeonardspeedcontrolsystemusestwo
    identicaldcmachinesofrating250V,5kW,1200rpm.The
    armatureresistanceofeachmachineis0.5.Thegeneratoris
    drivenataconstantspeedof1200rpm.Neglecttheeffectof
    armaturereaction.Themagnetizationcharacteristicsofeach
    machineat1200rpmisasfollows.
    If 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4
    Ea 5 60 120 160 190 212 230 242 250 262 270 273

    a) Ifthemotorfieldcurrentiskeptconstantat0.8A,determine
    themaximumandminimumvaluesofthegeneratorfield
    currentrequiredforthemotortooperateinaspeedrangeof
    200to1200rpmatfullloadarmaturecurrent.
    b) Thegeneratorfieldcurrentiskeptat1Aandthemotorfield
    currentisreducedto0.2A.Determinethespeedofthemotor
    atfullloadarmaturecurrent.
    Starter StarterBox
    Ra
    Vt  Ea
    It
    Ra  Rae
    Rae
    Atstart:
    Vt  Ear Vt
    It | Rf
    Ra  Rae Ra  Rae

    athreepointstarterbox I a ,start

    I a ,rated

    Ea
    EXAMPLE4 Thedcmachineofrating200V,100A,1000rpm
    hasarmatureresistance=0.2 andisconnectedtoaconstantdc
    supplyof200V.
    a) Determinethestartingcurrentifnostartingresistanceisused
    inthearmaturecircuit.
    b) Determinethevalueofthestartingresistanceifthestarting
    currentislimitedtotwicetheratedcurrent.
    c) Ifthestartingresistancefromb)isformedasathreepoint
    starterbox,findthevaluesofresistancesrequiredinthe
    starterbox.
    EXAMPLE5 Thedcmachineofrating100V,12kW,1000rpm
    hasarmatureresistance=0.1 andisconnectedtoaconstantdc
    supplyof100V.
    a) Determinethestartingcurrentifnostartingresistanceisused
    inthearmaturecircuit.
    b) Determinethevalueofthestartingresistanceifthestarting
    currentislimitedtotwicetheratedcurrent.
    c) Ifthestartingresistancefromb)isformedasathreepoint
    starterbox,findthevaluesofresistancesrequiredinthe
    starterbox.

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