Appendix 3

Irregular verbs in groups

The past simple and past participle are the same: The past simple and past participle are different:

cost -> cost let —> let break broke broken

cut —> cut put —> put choose chose chosen
hit hit shut —» shut speak —> spoke spoken
hurt -> hurt steal stole stolen
wake -> woke woken

lend —> lent lose lost

send -> sent shoot —> shot drive —> drove driven
spend -> spent get -> got ride -» rode ridden
build —> built light -> lit rise -> rose risen
sit —» sat write wrote written
burn -> burnt
learn —> learnt keep kept beat —> beat beaten
smell —> smelt sleep slept bite —> bit bitten
hide —> hid hidden
feel —> felt
leave —> left
meet met eat —> ate eaten
dream —> dreamt (dremt)* fall fell fallen
mean meant (m ent)* forget forgot forgotten
give -> gave given
see saw seen
bring —> brought (brort)* take took taken
buy - » bought (bort)*
fight —> fought (fort)*
think —> thought (thort)* blow —> blew blown
grow -> grew grown
catch —» caught (kort)*
know -> knew known
teach taught (tort)*
throw -> threw thrown
fly —> flew flown
draw drew drawn
sell —> sold
show -> showed shown
tell —> told

find found
begin —> began begun
have -> had
drink —> drank drunk
hear -> heard
swim —> swam swum
hold -> held
read -> read (red)* ring -> rang rung
say -> said (sed)* sing -> sang sung

run -> ran run

pay —> paid
make —> made

stand —> stood come came come

understand —> understood become —> became become

* pronunciation