CARDIOVASCULAR

SYSTEM
 ⑪
Functions:
Transport blood throughoutthe body -

Blood hansports nutrients,

oxygen, hormones,
waste
products
Vocabulary:
branch -divicle shark
many parts:phan
-
into

-constrict reduce the diameter

=

(width): so lai
-
Động mạch Tĩnh mạch
dilate the diameter (width):
increase
gian na Phổi
-

Tim
-

-exect to
=

cause, push:dan den

to

oxygenate to
-
add
oxygen:them
oxy
*
Structure:Heart, blood, blood vessels
A. The
anatomy of the heart:
-
In thoraic
cavity
(= chest
cavity), beneath the
left lung
pericardium.(mang
-

Inside a sas called t

him
Phổi trái

Phổi phải
Màng ngoài tim
↓ Carity Pousa -Thoracice
Tim

I Abdominal
-
Cơ hoành

Lồng ngực
Pelvic
B. The wall the heart.
of
S
lager de (Nội tâm mạc)

percar ene
-

Màng trong tim

Cơ tim

endocardium
Dịch màng ngoài tim
between 2 Protect the heart
-
Pericardial
beats
fluid
the
wall
layers of pericardium
the chest
->
from damage
as it
against of carity. Ngoại tâm mạc
(Màng ngoài tim)
 (cotim)
-

Tocardium
cardiac
I heart beats
muscle, contracts when -

lage
the thickest

Endocardium epithelium, smooth layer against which blood

-

me

↳ Within
-
a
flows
C. The chambers values the
heart.
and
of
-

Chamberzatiaflefgt,ahemneede Động mạch chủ

Leight ventricle Van động mạch phổi Van động mạch chủ

Blood
flows from atria
↓ easily -

gravity ⑧
Tâm nhĩ phải Tâm nhĩ trái

atrioventricular values (close) 11

X Van nhĩ thất phải - van 3 lá Bicuspid

↓ chordal Van nhĩ thất trái - van 2 lá

Tâm thất trái

-tendineae
Thường gân (dây chằng tim)
ventricles
(full) C-heart
string) Tâm thất phải

-
Bloodis
bumped from right ventricle
↓
pulmonary semilurar values
-Oxygenated passes through left
blood ventricle
↓ ↓
pulmonary artery aortic semilar value
↓
hings (to
be
oxygenated) aorta
 the blood
through

e
the heart:
D.
Tracing path of ĐM chủ
TM chủ trên
ĐM phổi trái
Poor O2
Rich O2 ĐM phổi phải TM phổi trái

Poor O2 TM phổi phải

Poor O2

Rich O2

TM chủ dưới
ĐM chủ bụng

E. How the heart bumps

blood:
Heartscardiac muscle
autorhythmic menages), taken of
(without neural the
body, continue to beat
-

out
-

any
Pacemaker/Sinoatrial node (SA nodel make cardic muscle until
fibers contractas group. a out
of
-

oxygen
Nitxoang whil ↳ Send
signals Aconduction system
-

I Heart attack:(Nha cotim) man

Myocardial infarction
-

blockagein coronaryactories(atong muchranginanahthe

A heart
(high oxygen, nutrition
-

~growback - Connective
tissue
replaces. -> Weaken the heart.

heart health.
F.
Measuring

iHeartatofconWhitesheartsyouheart
-
makes
per
minute. -> Measured
by taking pub at it
 areastagerathetic
division
(fight or
flight) -
The autonomic nervous
system
-Heartrate increases
Doing exercise

↳ If NOT,
body
Increase
uses more
body temperature:Ijever
oxygen
& nutrients than
they could be supplied-> Lose consciousness

also heart A
fetus (=an unborn baby) beats
-

Age affects rate

- Older
-

150
per
minute

->

Gradually decrease
2. Heart sounds:
-

By using a
stethoscope (Eng nghe) -> heartsounds
efficiently s
I
Is heart
pumping
heart values Ane values workin
I properly?
The closin
g of
"Lub" The AV values (bicuspid& Enicuspid) close Blood the ventricles
-
-

fills -

-"Dup" The semilunar values Caortic & pulmonary) close

-
Bloodmoves out
from the - ventricles

I Heart murmur:

An unusual when heart sounds, be

-

sound
listening to
may
extra
swishing sound
an

W Incompetent value NOTclose tightly easily.

->
A
problem with heartvalues -

Sterotic value flexible close

NOT andHeart has to harder to deliver
pump
-

-
amount
of bloodto the same
body
3. EKG
(Electrocardiograph):(Dien tain tot
-
Use electrodesMeasure the->

change in electrical current between area.

different
I Arrhythmia: (Ronloan whip tim)
An abnormal heart
-

rhythm. different
Many heart types DifferentEKGpatterns causes
-

and

Fibrillation: An arhythmia muscle NOTbeat a coordinated

7 Because the conduction fashion
-

in
-

NOT control the muscle well

system
 - Ventricular fibrillation:(Rung that) -
Ventricles often look like a
bag of worms
lo partof the rhythm
-> Each ventricle beat its in own

NO coordination of Little bloodbumpedoutof the

ventricles
of contraction
->

se a debrillator
(maythisrung) -
shock the heart muscle into
the directions
following of the conduction
system.
4. Blood
pressure:(Huget ap)
the walls
-The measurement
of the pressure exertedby blood on
of bloodvessels.
Ex: 110/70
I ↳
Systolic pressure Diastolic
pressure
(Ventricles contract) (Ventricles slac
-
Blood
pressure changes, depending on I
changes.
the
bloodper contraction from
Inthe volumeof
heart
Blood
In level muscle walls
-

of contraction
of in the
artery
Be
frightened Sympathetic
S
Autonomic
C -> Vasoconstriction (Co mach) -> Blood pressure
->
nerves

Lie down to sleep

Parasympathetic
-> nerves nervous
system -> Vasodilation (Gian mach) -> Blood
pressure t
In
+
bloodvolume

closeofblood - volumet Blood - Bloodpree

Hormonalunbalance- Bloodvolume Bloodpre e

↑

water
Retain -
->

Small within brainster

afferent
area

medulla Xs
-Monitored
by baroreceptors in the walls
of certain
large arteries
neurons
> The
Regulate HRandBP
pressure
In thethep biz) Cheong tam) Stiy)
 Lavona

composerteeton:
et
high/low A,baoctorfleet
-Blood too
due
x

↑ Volume bumpedbyheation blood venele heart, much bloodwee

in
Effector organ:
in

! Change bloodvolume:Baroneceptors
in
m e e
can NOT
fise
I Hypothalamus
Kidneys
-
& (adrenal gland....
Hormones:anti-dietic hormone
(pituitary gland), aldosterone

$ Hypertension:(Cao/Tang huyehap)
-

Acondition -
blood
pressure consistently
is
high) over 140180)

theroschrosi.No mating mach)

An accumulation materials bloodwee
caused
by of fatty
- -

II
in

stress,
emoking, obesity, hereality
Adiet
high saltandfats
in

&Hypotension:(Ha huyet ap)

Acondition low blood
- -

pressure
by lowbloodvolume

I amherblem(=
-Caused -

Hemorrhage Extreme bloodloss)

Bạch cầu
-
Hồng cầu

Tiểu cầu
G. The bloodvessels:

1.
Types
of bloodvessels: -
types
5
↓
Anteries:
I largevesselscarrybloodawayfromtheheartconstrict/date
-

-
Anterioles:- smaller than arteries (in
diameter) ↳
W smooth muscle ->
ONLY 1-2
layers of
-

Capillaries:form networks
(Cubeds)- evround tissues
- Pick
andnutrients
Supply oxygen materials (CO,
I layer of epithelium waste meal

↳
up and

-
muscle
No walls
in

thin valle Materials -

(sugar, salts, gases, hormones, water.... can aces

through I Blood cells, certain
proteins are

Venules: thin walls, than capillaries heldin bloodstream

larger too
big to
-

cross
- -

-Veins,
merge Superior vena cava

I bring bloodback
to the heart

↳ some
Inferior
veins the
in
vena cava

lower
parts (ex:
legs ....) -
have values
prevent
- blood
from being pulleddownwardby gravity
C
2
pathways,ving thanhoarl. -
Syetemiccircuitthe
circuite
major
=>

2. The
major
bloodvessels
body.
of the