Steel is a versatile and strong material, but it is also susceptible to damage from high

temperatures. When exposed to fire, steel can lose its strength and deform, which
can lead to structural failure. To protect steel from fire damage, a variety of fire
protection methods can be used.

Passive fire protection methods involve applying a material to the surface of the steel
that will insulate it from heat. This can be done with intumescent coatings, which are
paint-like materials that expand when exposed to heat to form a protective insulating
layer. Other passive fire protection methods include applying sprayed fire-resistant
materials, such as cementitious or gypsum-based materials, or using concrete or
masonry to encase the steel.

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Active fire protection methods involve using systems that will detect and suppress a
fire before it can damage the steel. This can be done with sprinkler systems, which
will spray water on the fire to extinguish it, or with fire suppression systems that use
gases or other extinguishing agents.

Structural fire protection involves designing buildings in a way that will minimize the
risk of fire damage to the steel. This can be done by using fire-resistant materials for
walls and floors, and by compartmentalizing the building so that a fire in one area will
not spread to the rest of the building.

The specific fire protection methods that are used will depend on the type of
structure, the occupancy of the structure, and the fire hazard level of the structure.

Here are some additional tips for protecting steel from fire damage:

• Inspect steel structures regularly for signs of damage, such as rust or corrosion.
• Keep steel structures clean and free of debris.
• Store flammable materials away from steel structures.
• Have a fire safety plan in place for your building.