SPEED AND DIRECTION CONTROL OF STEPPER MOTOR USING PC

SYNOPSIS:
The main aim of this project is to design Speed and Direction Control of Stepper Motor
Using PC Keyboard via Com Port.
Computer controlled stepper motors are one of the most versatile forms of positioning
systems. Open loop control of stepper motors suffers from a major disadvantage that the rotation
of the rotor becomes oscillatory and unstable in certain speed ranges. This project presents the
micro stepping technique which overcomes the problem of instability and at the same time
provides high accuracy for micro stepping applications. This technique improves electronically
resolution of the stepper motors and suppresses oscillations due to effects of mechanical
resonance. This has greatly enhanced its usefulness in modern control applications.
In this project the microcontroller which forms the heart of the project, plays an
important role in establishing communication between the pc and the microcontroller. In this
system a unipolar stepper motor is used (which is used widely in all kinds of floppy drives and
CD drives) the use of single microcontroller to control the speed, direction and rotation angle of
a stepper motor by sending pulse sequences to the motor winding in response to the control
commands.
Commands executed by the code in this application include: single step the motor
rotates in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction (i. e. rotate the rotor through a certain
number of degrees) when the corresponding key is pressed from the computer keyboard. This is
a general purpose application for which a degree of adjustment or programmability is required to
meet the needs of specific processes and their performances. This project consists of a stepper
motor and a driver IC ULN 2003 that will drive the motor, However the Microcontroller lacks
sufficient current to drive the stepper motor windings, so driver ULN2003 (U3) is used to
energize the stator, based on the instructions typed by the user in the pc the stepper motor will
rotate. In the pc we will type a command and based on the command the stepper motor will
work.
BLOCK DIAGRAM:

MAIN SECTION:

Power
Supply

Micro Controller
Motor
driver
MAX ULN2003
PC
232

Stepper
Motor
SOFTWARES:

1. Embedded C
2. Express PCB

3. Kiel IDE

4. Uc-Flash or ISP

HARDWARE USED:

1. Micro Controller
2. Power Supply
3. Stepper motor
4. ULN2003
5. MAX 232