Himt STSDSD

Hindustan Institute of Maritime Training Rev: 03
Date: April 23
Security Training for Seafarers with Designated
Prep by:
Security Duties (STSDSD)
Appr by:
Title : Security Training for Seafarers with Designated Security Duties
Edition : Third
Year : April, 2023
Compiled by:
Faculty, Hindustan Institute of Maritime Training (HIMT), Chennai – 10.
Date: April 23
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PREFACE
The development of the ISPS code including mandatory requirements for a Ship
Security Officer was a reaction to the events of the 9/11 attacks on the United States
in 2001 and the bombing of SS Limburg, the French oil tanker a year later. Although
decided in 2002, it came in to force on 1st July 2004.
The ISPS Code consists of two parts. The first part, Part A has mandatory
requirements for a Ship Security Officer to put in place: the second part Part B offers
guidance on its implementation for Ship Security Officer. The Code acts as a guide for
maritime security for all stake holders and personnel including the Ship Security officer
to ensure the security of the Ships and ports including terrorism and piracy
All ships, passenger and cargo, over 500 GRT on international voyages must
implement this code. Mobile offshore drilling units are also subject to this Code.
The ship security officer has responsibilities which include ensuring that appropriate
security measures are maintained according to the security level: maintaining and
supervising the implementation of the ship security plan and proposing any
amendments: ensuring co-ordination with port facility security officer; and company
security officer. He is the custodian of SSP, SSA and ISPS code records which are to
be maintained on board ship as per SSP.
The compilation of this book is done from various sources to provide the reader with
information which can be practically followed on the ships.
This book details the topics provided as per STCW 2010 and conforms to the
requirements of Directorate General of Shipping, India. This aims at creating
awareness for those joining the ships and good knowledge of security requirements
for those already sailing.
This book covers in detail all the security related courses mentioned under section A-
VI/6 of STCW convention, viz:
1. Standard of competence for security related familiarization training – IMO model
course 3.19.
2. Standard of competence for security awareness training – IMO model course 3.27
3. Standard of competence for seafarers with designated security duties and human
response to maritime piracy – IMO model course 3.26.
-Sanjeev S. Vakil
Chief Executive Officer
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SECURITY TRAINING FOR SEAFARERS WITH DESIGNATED SECURITY DUTIES
No. Topic Page
1 Introduction 2
2 Maritime security Policies 7
3 Security responsibilities 13
4 Ship Security Assessment 18
5 Security equipment 25
6 Ship security Plan 37
7 Threat Identification, recognition and response 60
8 Ship security actions 67
9 Emergency preparedness, drills and exercises 69
10 Security administration 73
11 Security training 76
12 Anti Piracy 78
13 Pirate Attack 83
14 The Release Process 87
15 The Seafarers’ Family 90
16 Conclusion 92
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
Objective of the course:

Those who successfully complete this course should be able
● to undertake the duties and responsibilities as Ship Security Officer as defined in
section A/12.2 of ISPS code and Section A VI/5 of the STCW Code as amended
● to undertake the duties and responsibilities as Seafarer’s with Designated Ship
Security duties as per section A VI/6{Paragraphs 4,5,6} of STCW Code as amended.
Note: Whilst the material in this handout is primarily intended for participants of the SSO
course, it will be also be beneficial for seafarer’s with designated ship security duties.
Historical perspective
Right from very early days, sea farers have had to face many perils. Apart from those caused
by nature, other issues such as stowaways, smuggling, piracy and robbery are very old
threats which needed addressing. Over recent years terrorism has gained a much attention.
The last few years have seen piracy and threat to seafarer’s lives taking centre stage.
Achille Lauro
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On October 7, 1985, four men representing the Palestine Liberation Front (PLF) hijacked the
Italian liner MS Achille Lauro off Egypt as she was sailing from Alexandria to Port Said. One
elderly, wheelchair bound man was murdered by the hijackers and thrown overboard. Holding
the passengers and crew hostage, they directed the vessel to sail to Tartous, in Syria, and
demanded the release of 50 Palestinians; then in Israeli prisons.
USS Cole
The USS Cole bombing was a suicide attack against the United States Navy destroyer USS
Cole on October 12, 2000, while it was harbored and refueled in the Yemeni port of Aden.
The terrorist organization al-Qaeda claimed responsibility for the attack. On the morning of
Thursday, October 12, 2000, USS Cole entered Aden harbor for a routine refueling stop. USS
Cole completed mooring at 09:30. Refueling started at 10:30. Around 11:18 local time, a small
craft approached the port side of the destroyer, and an explosion occurred, causing a 40-by-
40-foot gash in the ship's port side, the blast appeared to be caused by explosives molded
into a shaped charge against the hull of the boat. Around 400 to 700 pounds (200–300 kg) of
explosives were used. 17 sailors were killed and 39 were injured in the blast.
Al-Qaeda Attacks in USA.
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MT Limburg
On October 6, 2002, the MT Limburg was carrying 397,000 barrels (63,100 m 3) of crude oil
from Iran to Malaysia, and was in the Gulf of Aden off Yemen to pick up another load of oil. It
was registered under a French-flag and had been chartered by the Malaysian petrol firm
PETRONAS.
While it was some miles offshore, an explosives-laden dinghy rammed the starboard side of
the tanker and detonated. The vessel caught on fire and approximately 90,000 barrels
(14,000 m3) of oil leaked into the Gulf of Aden. Although Yemeni officials initially claimed that
the explosion was the result of an accident, later investigations found traces of TNT on the
damaged ship.
One crew member was killed, and 12 other crew members were injured. The fire was put out,
and four days later the Limburg was towed to Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
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Current security threats & patterns
Piracy and armed robbery against ships

Acts of piracy and armed robbery against ships are of tremendous concern to shipping. The
fight to prevent and suppress these acts is linked to the measures to improve security on
ships and in port facilities, adopted in December 2002.
The following definition of piracy is contained in article 101 of the 1982 United Nations
Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS):
“Piracy consists of any of the following acts:
(a) Any illegal acts of violence or detention, or any act of depredation, committed for private
ends by the crew or the passengers of a private ship or a private aircraft, and directed:
(i) on the high seas, against another ship or aircraft, or against persons or property on board
such ship
(ii) against a ship, aircraft, persons or property in a place outside the jurisdiction of any State;
(b) Any act of voluntary participation in the operation of a ship or of an aircraft with knowledge
of facts making it a pirate ship or aircraft;
(c) Any act inciting or of intentionally facilitating an act described in sub-paragraph (a) or (b).”
(d) Any illegal acts of violence or detention, or any act of depredation, committed for private
Initiatives to counter piracy and armed robbery at sea
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PIRACY REPORTS
Worldwide Incidents: as on 3 Dec 2012

Total Attacks Worldwide: 278
Total Hijackings Worldwide: 27
Incidents Reported for Somalia:

Total Incidents: 71
Total Hijackings:13
Total Hostages: 212
Current vessels held by Somali pirates:

Vessels: 9 Hostages: 14
Multimodal transport (also known as combined transport) is the transportation of goods

under a single contract, but performed with at least two different means of transport; the
carrier is liable (in a legal sense) for the entire carriage, even though it is performed by
several different modes of transport (by rail, sea and road, for example). Security issues are
more with containerised cargo. As they are transported by many modes, before reaching the
ship.
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2.0 MARITIME SECURITY POLICIES
IMO s response to the incident on Achille Lauro led to:
Assembly resolution A.584 (14) on Measures to prevent unlawful acts which threaten the
safety of ships and the security of their passengers and crew, adopted in 1985, invited the
MSC to develop detailed and practical technical measures to ensure the security of
passengers and crews on board ships,.
In 1986, IMO issued MSC/Circ.443 on Measures to prevent unlawful acts against passengers
and crews on board ships gave guidelines on the steps that should be taken, with particular
reference to passenger ships engaged on international voyages of 24 hours or more and the
port facilities which service them.. In March 1988 a conference in Rome adopted the
Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Maritime Navigation,
1988( SUA) and the Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Fixed
Platforms Located on the Continental Shelf, 1988. In 1996 the MSC adopted MSC/Circ.754
on Passenger ferry security
Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts ( SUA ) against the Safety of Maritime
Navigation, 1988
Adoption: 10 March 1988

Entry into force: 1 March 1992
The main purpose of the convention is to ensure that appropriate action is taken against
persons committing unlawful acts against ships. These include:
● the seizure of ships by force;
● acts of violence against persons on board ships; and
● the placing of devices on board a ship which are likely to destroy or damage it.
The convention obliges Contracting Governments either to extradite or prosecute alleged

offenders.
In November 2001, two months after the “9/11″ attacks, IMO’s 22nd Assembly adopted
resolution A.924 (22) Review of measures and procedures to prevent acts of terrorism which
threaten the security of passengers and crews and the safety of ships, which called for a
thorough review of all existing measures already adopted by IMO to combat acts of violence
and crime at sea.
The Assembly agreed to hold a diplomatic conference on maritime security in December

2002, to adopt any new regulations that might be deemed necessary to enhance ship and
port security and prevent shipping from becoming a target of international terrorism.
It was agreed that amendments would be made to the Safety of Life at Sea Convention 1974
("the SOLAS Convention"). Contracting governments to the SOLAS Convention finalised the
text of these amendments at a diplomatic conference held at the IMO in London in December
2002.
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The International Ship and Port Facility Security Code and other maritime security measures
were developed by IMO’s Maritime Safety Committee (MSC) and its Maritime Security
Working Group before being adopted by a Conference on Maritime Security in December
2002, and entered into force on 1 July 2004
AMENDMENTS TO SOLAS 74 AS AMENDED (MSC 76 )

CHAPTER V/19 ..................A.I.S.
CHAPTER XI ......................Renamed Chapter XI – 1
CHAPTER XI – 1 / 3 ........ Ship Identification number
CHAPTER XI – 1 / 5............Continuous Synopsis Record
CHAPTER XI - 2 ................ Special measures to enhance maritime security
SOLAS Chapter XI -2
1 - Definitions.
 Ship/port interface means the interactions that occur when a ship is directly and
immediately affected by actions involving the movement of persons, goods or the
provisions of port services to or from the ship.
 Ship-to-ship activity means any activity not related to a port facility that involves the
transfer of goods or persons from one ship to another.
 Security incident means any suspicious act or circumstance threatening the security of
a ship, including a mobile offshore drilling unit and a high-speed craft, or of a port
facility or of any ship/port interface or any ship-to-ship activity.
2 - Application.
 This chapter applies to certain ship types (already detailed) engaged in international
voyages and port facilities serving such ships engaged on international voyages…
 …Contracting Governments shall decide the extent of application of this chapter and
of the relevant sections of part A of the ISPS Code to those port facilities within their
territory…
3 - Obligation of Contracting Governments with respect to security.

 ADMINISTRATIONS shall set security levels (SL) and ensure the provisions of SL
information to SHIPS entitled to fly their flag…
 CONTRACTING GOVERNMENTS shall set the SLs and ensure the provision of SL
information to PORT FACILITIES within their territory, and to SHIPS prior to entering
a port or whilst in a port within their territory...
4 - Requirements for Companies and Ships.

 Prior to entering a port or whilst in a port within the territory of a CG, a ship shall
comply with the requirements for the SL set by that CG, if such SL is higher than the
SL set by the Administration for that ship.
5 - Specific responsibilities of Companies.

The Company shall ensure that the master has available on board, at all times, information
through which officers duly authorized by a Contracting Government can establish:
1. who is responsible for appointing the members of the crew or other persons currently
employed or engaged on board the ship in any capacity on the business of that ship;
2. who is responsible for deciding the employment of the ship; and
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3. in cases where the ship is employed under the terms of charter party(ies), who are the
parties to such charter party(ies).
6. Ship security alert system

 The SSAS shall be capable of being activated from the navigation bridge and in at least
one other location.
7 - Threats to Ships.
 Contracting Governments shall set security levels and ensure the provision of
security related information to ships operating in their territorial sea or have
communicated an intention to enter their territorial sea.
8 - Master’s discretion for Ship safety & security.

 The master shall not be constrained by the Company, the charterer or any other
person from taking or executing any decision which, in the professional judgment of
the master, is necessary to maintain the safety and security of the ship. This
includes denial of access to persons (except those identified as duly authorized by a
CG) or their effects and refusal to load cargo, including containers or other closed
cargo transport units.
 If in the professional judgment of the master, a conflict between any safety and
security requirements applicable to the ship arises during its operations, the master
shall give effect to those requirements necessary to maintain the safety of the ship.
In such cases, the master may implement temporary security measures and shall
forthwith inform the Administration and, if appropriate, the CG in whose port the ship
is operating or intends to enter.
9 - Control & Compliance Measures.

 every ship to which this chapter applies is subject to control when in port of another
CG by officers duly authorized by that Government, who may be the same as those
carrying out the functions of regulation I/19. Such control shall be limited to verifying
that there is on board a valid ISSC…unless there are clear grounds for believing that
the ship is not in compliance with the requirements of this chapter or part A of the
ISPS Code
10 - Requirements for Port Facilities.

 Contracting Governments to ensure that port facility security assessments are
carried out and that port facility security plans are developed, implemented and
reviewed in accordance with the ISPS Code
11 - Alternative security agreements.

 Possible written bilateral or multilateral agreements with other CGs on alternative
security arrangements covering short international voyages on fixed routes between
port facilities located within their territories.
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12 - Equivalent security arrangements.

 An Administration may allow a particular ship or a group of ships entitled to fly its
flag to implement other security measures equivalent to those prescribed in this
chapter or in part A of the ISPS Code.
13 - Communication of information.
Contracting Governments shall communicate to the IMO and make available information of
Companies and ship.
The ISPS Code has two Parts:

1. Part A : Mandatory requirements regarding the provisions of Chapter XI-2 of the
Annex to the SOLAS 74 as amended.
2. Part B: Guidance requirements regarding the provisions of Chapter XI-2 of the Annex
to the SOLAS 74 as amended and Part A of the Code.
The main elements of the ISPS code are

1 – General ,2 – Definition, 3 – Application, 4 - Responsibilities of Contracting Governments,
5 - Declaration of Security ( DoS ) ,6 - Obligations of the Company,7 - Ship Security,8 - Ship
Security Assessment.9 - Ship Security Plan,10 – Records,11 - Company Security Officer,12 -
Ship Security Officer,13 - Training, drills and exercises on ship , 14 - Port Facility Security,
15 - Port Facility Security Assessment, 16 - Port facility Security Plan, 17 - Port Facility
Security Officer,18 - Training, drills and exercises on port facility,19 - Verification and
certification for ships
The ISPS Code provides a framework through which ships and port facilities can co-operate
to detect and deter acts which pose a threat to maritime security.
The Objectives of the Code:
● Enable the detection and deterrence of security threats within an international
framework
● Establish roles and responsibilities
● Enables collection and exchange of security information
● Provide a methodology for assessing security
● Ensure that adequate security measures in place
The ISPS Code

The ISPS Code applies to all passenger ships on international voyages, to all other ships over
500 GT on international voyages, and to all port facilities serving ships on international
voyages. The ISPS Code is intended to operate on the basis that security requirements will
vary depending on the potential risk to security.
Having assessed the threat to security, the government of a country, or a Designated

Authority within the government ("the Appropriate Authority"), will set the security level
required at each of its port facilities. The Appropriate Authority will communicate all variations
in security levels to port facilities and ships. The security threat level applied to a ship will be
set by the Appropriate Authority of the ship's flag. If a ship is in port, the ship must implement
measures that satisfy the required level of security for that port facility, or the level set for the
ship if it is higher. There are three security levels under the ISPS Code, similar to the
MARSEC Levels used in the United States.
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The three security levels are as follows:

1. Security Level 1: Low Risk. This is the level of threat at which port facilities and
ships will normally operate.
2. Security Level 2: Medium Risk. This security level will apply in circumstances
where there is a heightened risk of a security incident.
3. Security Level 3: High Risk. This security level will apply in circumstances where
there is an exceptional risk of a security incident.
2005 Protocol to the SUA Convention

The 2005 Protocol to the SUA Convention added a new Article 3bis .:
Under the new instrument, a person commits an offence within the meaning of the
Convention if that person unlawfully and intentionally transports another person on board a
ship knowing that the person has committed an act that constitutes an offence under the
SUA Convention or an offence set forth in any treaty listed in the Annex. The Annex lists
nine such treaties.
The new instrument also makes it an offence to unlawfully and intentionally injure or kill any
person in connection with the commission of any of the offences in the Convention; to
attempt to commit an offence; to participate as an accomplice; to organize or direct others
to commit an offence; or to contribute to the commissioning of an offence.
A new Article requires Parties to take necessary measures to enable a legal entity (this
could be a company or organization, for example) to be made liable and to face sanctions
when a person responsible for management of control of that legal entity has, that capacity,
committed an offence under the Convention.
ILO/IMO Code of practice on security in ports

October 21, 2010
The ILO/IMO Code of practice on security in ports, which complements the provisions of the
International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code with respect to security of the wider port
area, was approved by the Governing Body of the ILO at its 289th session in March 2004 and was
approved by the IMO Maritime Safety Committee (MSC) at its seventy-eighth session.
The ILO/IMO Code of practice on security in ports is available in English, French and Spanish.
The Djibouti Code of Conduct (Resolution 1)

The Djibouti Meeting adopted the Code of Conduct concerning the Repression of Piracy and
Armed Robbery against Ships in the Western Indian Ocean and the Gulf of Aden, which was
signed on 29 January 2009 by the representatives of Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar,
Maldives, Seychelles, Somalia, the United Republic of Tanzania and Yemen. It remains open
for signature at IMO Headquarters by other countries in the region. Comoros, Egypt,
Eritrea, Jordan, Mauritius, Mozambique, Oman, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Sudan and the
United Arab Emirates have since signed making the current total 20 countries from the 21
eligible to sign the Djibouti Code of Conduct.
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The signatories also undertook to review their national legislation with a view to ensuring that
there are laws in place to criminalize piracy and armed robbery against ships and to make
adequate provision for the exercise of jurisdiction, conduct of investigations and prosecution
of alleged offenders.
National Legislations
The Maritime Transportation Security Act of 2002 (MTSA) is an Act of Congress enacted
by the US Congress to address port and waterway security. It was signed into law on
November 25, 2002.
Australia
The Australian Government developed the Maritime Transport Security Act 2003 to implement
the ISPS Code in Australia. Both the ISPS Code and the Act came into effect on 1 July 2004.
In 2005 the Act was extended and renamed the Maritime Transport and Offshore Facilities
Security Act 2003 (MTOFSA). The amended Act, and Regulations under it, establishes the
legislative basis for also approving security plans for offshore oil and gas facilities.
Legal Implications:
Law Enforcement
– Vessel, Facility & owners and operators must permit law enforcement personal, in the
performance of official duties, who show proper ID to enter/board without delay or
obstruction.
– Upon boarding or entering, will as soon as possible explain their mission to the master,
operator, owner or designated agent.
– Action/non-action by security personnel
– ISPS Code A/4, 6
– SOLAS Chapter XI-2
– Entering foreign jurisdictions
– Clear grounds
Security Related Information

The information in Ship security Plan is considered security sensitive. (The provisions in the
plan relating to ISPC Code, section 9.4 sub. sec. .2, .4, .5, .7, .15, .17 and .18 of Part A of the
Code are considered as confidential information, and cannot be subject to inspection unless
otherwise agreed by the Contracting Governments concerned)
The plan may be kept in an electronic format. In such a case, it shall be protected by
procedures aimed at preventing its unauthorized deletion, destruction or amendment. The
plan shall be protected from unauthorized access or disclosure.
Many of the records relating to security as covered in section 10 of ISPS code are also
considered sensitive and such records are to be protected from unauthorised access.
Obligations of Contracting Governments with respect to security (SOLAS)
Administrations shall set security levels and ensure the provision of security level information
to ships entitled to fly their flag. When changes in security level occur, security-level
information shall be updated as the circumstance dictates.
Contracting Governments shall set security levels and ensure the provision of security-level
information to port facilities within their territory, and to ships prior to entering a port or whilst
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in a port within their territory. When changes in security level occur, security-level information
shall be updated as the circumstance dictates.
Responsibilities of Contracting Governments

Subject to the provisions of regulation XI-2/3 and XI-2/7, Contracting Governments shall set
security levels and provide guidance for protection from security incidents. Higher security
levels indicate greater likelihood of occurrence of a security incident. Factors to be considered
in setting the appropriate security level include:
.1. The degree that the threat information is credible;
.2. The degree that the threat information is corroborated;
.3. The degree that the threat information is specific or imminent; and
.4. The potential consequences of such a security incident.
Contracting Governments, when they set security level 3, shall issue, as necessary,
appropriate instructions and shall provide security related information to the ships and port
facilities that may be affected.
Contracting Governments may delegate to a recognized security organization certain of their

security related duties under chapter XI-2 and this Part of the Code with the exception of:
1. Setting of the applicable security level;
2. Approving a Port Facility Security Assessment and subsequent amendments to an
approved assessment.
3. Determining the port facilities which will be required to designate a Port Facility Security
Officer.
4. Approving a Port Facility Security Plan and subsequent amendments to an approved
plan.
5. Exercising control and compliance measures pursuant to regulation XI-2/9 and
6. Establishing the requirements for a Declaration of Security.
Contracting Governments shall, to the extent they consider appropriate, test the effectiveness
of the Ship or the Port Facility Security Plans, or of amendments to such plans, they have
approved, or, in the case of ships, of plans which have been approved on their behalf.
Recognized Security Organizations

Contracting Governments may authorize a recognized security organization (RSO) to
undertake certain security related activities, including:
1. Approval of ship security plans, or amendments thereto, on behalf of the Administration;
2. Verification and certification of compliance of ships with the requirements of chapter
XI-2 and part A of this Code on behalf of the Administration; and
3. Conducting port facility security assessments required by the Contracting
Government.
An RSO may also advise or provide assistance to Companies or port facilities on security
matters, including ship security assessments, ship security plans, port facility security
assessments and port facility security plans. This can include completion of a SSA or SSP or
PFSA or PFS. If an RSO has done so in respect of a SSA or SSP that RSO is not permitted
to approve that ship security plan.
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When authorizing an RSO, Contracting Governments should give consideration to the

competency of such an organization. When delegating specific duties to a RSO, Contracting
Governments, including Administrations, should ensure that the RSO has the competencies
needed to undertake the task.
Requirements for Companies and Ships

Companies shall comply with the relevant requirements of this chapter and of part A of the
ISPS Code, taking into account the guidance given in part B of the ISPS Code. Ships shall
comply with the relevant requirements of this chapter and of part A of the ISPS Code, taking
into account the guidance given in part B of the ISPS Code, and such compliance shall be
verified and certified as provided for in part A of the ISPS Code. Prior to entering a port or
whilst in a port within the territory of a Contracting Government, a ship shall comply with the
requirements for the security level set by that Contracting Government, if such security level is
higher than the security level set by the Administration for that ship
.
Ships shall respond without undue delay to any change to a higher security level.
Where a ship is not in compliance with the requirements of this chapter or of part A of the
ISPS Code, or cannot comply with the requirements of the security level set by the
Administration or by another Contracting Government and applicable to that ship, then the
ship shall notify the appropriate competent authority prior to conducting any ship/port interface
or prior to entry into port, whichever occurs earlier
Specific responsibility of Companies

The Company shall ensure that the master has available on board, at all times, information
through which officers duly authorized by a Contracting Government can establish:
Who is responsible for appointing the members of the crew or other persons currently
employed or engaged on board the ship in any capacity on the business of that ship;
Who is responsible for deciding the employment of the ship and
In cases where the ship is employed under the terms of charter party (ies), who are the
parties to such charter party (ies).
Obligations of the Company

The Company shall ensure that the ship security plan contains a clear statement emphasizing
the master’s authority. The Company shall establish in the ship security plan that the master
has the overriding authority and responsibility to make decisions with respect to the safety
and security of the ship and to request the assistance of the Company or of any Contracting
Government as may be necessary.
The Company shall ensure that the company security officer, the master and the ship security
officer are given the necessary support to fulfil their duties and responsibilities in accordance
with chapter XI-2 and this Part of the Code.
Requirements for port facilities

Port facilities shall comply with the relevant requirements of this chapter and part A of the
ISPS Code, taking into account the guidance given in part B of the ISPS Code.
Port facility security

A port facility is required to act upon the security levels set by the Contracting Government
within whose territory it is located. Security measures and procedures shall be applied at the
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port facility in such a manner as to cause a minimum of interference with, or delay to,
passengers, ship, ship’s personnel and visitors, goods and services.
When a port facility security officer is advised that a ship encounters difficulties in complying
with the requirements of chapter XI-2 or this part or in implementing the appropriate measures
and procedures as detailed in the ship security plan, and in the case of security level 3
following any security instructions given by the Contracting Government within whose territory
the port facility is located, the port facility security officer and ship security officer shall liaise
and co-ordinate appropriate actions.
When a port facility security officer is advised that a ship is at a security level, which is higher
than that of the port facility, the port facility security officer shall report the matter to the
competent authority and shall liaise with the ship security officer and co-ordinate appropriate
actions, if necessary.
Ship security officer

A ship security officer shall be designated on each ship.
In addition to those specified elsewhere in this Part of the Code, the duties and
responsibilities of the ship security officer shall include, but are not limited to:
1. Undertaking regular security inspections of the ship to ensure that appropriate security
measures are maintained.
2. Maintaining and supervising the implementation of the ship security plan, including any
amendments to the plan.
3. Co-ordinating the security aspects of the handling of cargo and ship’s stores with other
shipboard personnel and with the relevant port facility security officers.
4. Proposing modifications to the ship security plan.
5. Reporting to the company security officer any deficiencies and non-conformities
identified during internal audits, periodic reviews, security inspections and verifications of
compliance and implementing any corrective actions.
6. Enhancing security awareness and vigilance on board.
7. Ensuring that adequate training has been provided to shipboard personnel, as
appropriate.
8. Reporting all security incidents.
9. Co-ordinating implementation of the ship security plan with the company security officer
and the relevant port facility security officer and
10. Ensuring that security equipment is properly operated, tested, calibrated and
maintained, if any.
Company security officer

The Company shall designate a company security officer. A person designated as the
company security officer may act as the company security officer for one or more ships,
depending on the number or types of ships the Company operates provided it is clearly
identified for which ships this person is responsible. A Company may, depending on the
number or types of ships they operate designate several persons as company security
officers provided it is clearly identified for which ships each person is responsible. In addition
to those specified elsewhere in this Part of the Code, the duties and responsibilities of the
company security officer shall include, but are not limited to:
1. Advising the level of threats likely to be encountered by the ship, using appropriate
security assessments and other relevant information;
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2. Ensuring that ship security assessments are carried out;

3. Ensuring the development, the submission for approval, and thereafter the
implementation and maintenance of the ship security plan;
4. Ensuring that the ship security plan is modified, as appropriate, to correct deficiencies
and satisfy the security requirements of the individual ship;
5. Arranging for internal audits and reviews of security activities;
6. Arranging for the initial and subsequent verifications of the ship by the Administration
or the recognized security organization;
7. Ensuring that deficiencies and non-conformities identified during internal audits,
periodic reviews, security inspections and verifications of compliance are promptly
addressed and dealt with;
8. Enhancing security awareness and vigilance;
9. Ensuring adequate training for personnel responsible for the security of the ship;
10.Ensuring effective communication and co-operation between the ship security officer
and the relevant port facility security officers;
11. Ensuring consistency between security requirements and safety requirements;
12. Ensuring that, if sister-ship or fleet security plans are used, the plan for each ship
reflects the ship-specific information accurately; and
13. Ensuring that any alternative or equivalent arrangements approved for a particular
ship or group of ships are implemented and maintained.
Port facility security officer

A port facility security officer shall be designated for each port facility. A person may be
designated as the port facility security officer for one or more port facilities.
In addition to those specified elsewhere in this Part of the Code, the duties and
responsibilities of the port facility security officer shall include, but are not limited to:
1. Conducting an initial comprehensive security survey of the port facility taking into account
the relevant port facility security assessment;
2. Ensuring the development and maintenance of the port facility security plan;
3. Implementing and exercising the port facility security plan;
4. Undertaking regular security inspections of the port facility to ensure the continuation of
appropriate security measures;
5. Recommending and incorporating, as appropriate, modifications to the port facility
security plan in order to correct deficiencies and to update the plan to take into account
of relevant changes to the port facility;
6. Enhancing security awareness and vigilance of the port facility personnel;
7. Ensuring adequate training has been provided to personnel responsible for the security of
the port facility;
8. Reporting to the relevant authorities and maintaining records of occurrences which
threaten the security of the port facility;
9. Co-ordinating implementation of the port facility security plan with the appropriate
Company and ship security officer(s);
10. Co-ordinating with security services, as appropriate;
11. Ensuring that standards for personnel responsible for security of the port facility are met;
12. Ensuring that security equipment is properly operated, tested, calibrated and
maintained, if any; and
13. Assisting ship security officers in confirming the identity of those seeking to board the
ship when requested.
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Members of the ship’s crew may be assigned designated security duties in support of the
ship security plan and shall be provided training as appropriates Other shipboard and port
facility personnel may have a role in the enhancement of maritime security should be
familiar with the SSP /PFSP as applicable and also have received some training in the
following as appropriate.
4.0 SHIP SECURITY ASSESSMENT
SHIP SECURITY ASSESSMENT (SSA)

The Ship Security Assessment (SSA) is to be carried out before developing the Ship Security
Plan
(SSP), and is a major element in the process of developing or updating the SSP.
It is the responsibility of the Company Security Officer (CSO) to ensure that the SSA is carried
out by persons with appropriate skills, for each ship in the company fleet.
The SSA shall include the following steps, which should than be adapted to each type
of ship:
I) Identification of key shipboard operations
II) Identification of existing security measures and procedures
III) Identification of potential threats (refers to threat scenarios)
IV) Performance of an on-scene security surveys
V) Identification of weakness in both the infrastructure and in the procedures
VI) Identification of key shipboard operations
In this step, the company is to clearly identify what the key shipboard operations are with
respect to security, which need to be protected , this is to identify:
- The operations
- The systems and equipment
- The areas and spaces on-board the ship
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- The crew and personnel on-board

- All elements, which can be considered as critical if, subjected to a security incident
As an example:
The critical operations may include the cargo handling, the ship stores handling, and the
navigation.
The critical spaces may include the stores, the bridge, the machinery spaces including the
Engine
Control Room (ECR) and the steering control station.
The critical systems may include the security alert system.
The company may list these “key shipboard operations”, for each ship, and prioritize these
operations
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Key Shipboard Operations
II) Identification of existing security measures and procedures
The aim of this step is, for the company, to clearly identify and describe the existing security
measures, procedures and operations.
As an example, security procedures may include (but are not limited to):
- Procedures for response to emergency conditions (fire, flooding…)
- Procedures for security patrols
- Procedures for handling surveillance equipment, if any
- Procedures for handling security communication systems
- Procedure for handling security doors, barriers and lighting
The company may list the existing measures / procedures for each key shipboard operation.
This will allow the company to identify any key shipboard operation with inappropriate
security measure, non-existing, too limited or weak:
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Existing security measures and procedures

III) Identification of potential threats (threat scenarios)
In this step, the company is to clearly identify the potential threat scenarios to a ship under
specific circumstances.
It is of the utmost importance that the threat scenarios that are identified as being possible
remain “credible”, in order for the Ship Security Assessment to be as efficient as possible.
These threat scenarios should consequently encompass the specific features of the ship in
terms of type of ship, crew, cargo, trade, area and ports. To this end, it will be useful to
consider what are the possible situations, which could motivate security threats:
- Political
- Image
- Economical
- Fear driven
For any of these situations, the review should aim at establishing whether the motivation
factors are unlikely, probable or likely to occur. Particular threat scenarios should then be
considered accordingly.
The company may then list and describe the potential threat scenarios, especially the ones it
considers particularly relevant in its case:
Potential threat scenarios
A consequence assessment (in terms of injury or death, economic and environmental impact)
and a risk (vulnerability) assessment should then be carried out for each scenario, in order to
determine whether existing security measures and procedures are sufficient, whether they
shall be improved or whether additional new security measures and procedures are required.
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Select a scenario
Consequence Score
Vulnerability score
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Scenario requiring a mitigation strategy
Mitigation determination
Note: For further information, you may consult the Appendix B “Guidance on
Performing Security Assessment” to the United States Coast Guard (USCG) Navigation
and Vessel Inspection Circular NVIC 10-02.IV) Performance of an on-scene security
survey
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The on-scene security survey is a very important part of the SSA.

Its objective is the examination and evaluation of existing shipboard protective measures,
procedures and operations for:
- Ensuring the performance of all security duties
- Monitoring restricted areas to ensure that only authorized persons have access
- Controlling access to the ship, including any identification systems
- Monitoring of deck areas and areas surrounding the ship
- Controlling the embarkation of persons and their effects (accompanied and unaccompanied
baggage and ship’s personnel effects)
- Supervising the handling of cargo and the delivery of the ship’s stores
- Ensuring that the ship security communication, information and equipment are readily
available
Consequently, the one-scene security survey is an onboard assessment of the ship security,
in order to:
- Confirm the correct implementation of existing security measures
- Identify the non-existent or insufficient security measures, with particular respect to:
􀂃 Interference between security and safety measures
􀂃 Interference between shipboard duties and security assignments
􀂃 Watchkeeping and manning constraints
􀂃 Deficiencies on security equipment / items
V) Identification of weakness in both the infrastructure and in the procedures

This is the last step of the Ship Security Assessment.
The objective is here to identify in details which remedial actions are needed (as an example,
new security
measures to be implemented), based on the conclusions of both the vulnerability assessment
and the on-scene security survey.
The following steps should be considered:
1.Determination of mitigation strategy (protective measures)
2.List of all the scenario from the previous table that would be affected by the selected
protective measures
3.Refer to the same consequence score for each scenario as in table
4.Re-evaluate vulnerability score
5.With the consequence score and new vulnerability score, use table to determine the new
mitigation results The results of this assessment may be reported in a table similar to above
each above steps corresponding to one each column
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Mitigation Implementation
Reporting
Upon completion of the SSA, a report shall be prepared, consisting of

.1 A summary of how the assessment was conducted;
.2 A description of each vulnerability found during the assessment; and
.3 A description of counter measures that could be used to address each vulnerability.
The report shall be protected from unauthorized access or disclosure.
If the SSA has not been carried out by the Company the SSA documentation shall be
reviewed and verified by the CSO.
Periodic Review of the SSA.
The SSA shall be reviewed periodically. Records of the reviews shall be prepared and kept on
board for verification.
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5.0 SECURITY EQUIPMENT
Security equipment onboard
Apart from the ship security alert system which is mandated by the SOLAS
requirements, a vessel may have other security equipment on board. These may include,
night vision binoculars, additional search lights, closed circuit TV, intrusion detection
equipment, dog leg mirrors and similar search equipment. Where piracy attacks are possible,
barbed wires, electric fencing, long range acoustic devices and razor wires etc may be
provided by the ship owners
Weapons are not envisaged as security equipment for ships as per the ISPS code.
However due to the increase in piracy attacks, private armed security guards may be placed
on board ships subject to the Flag Administration agreements when transiting through high
risk areas.
Ship security alert system

All ships shall be provided with a ship security alert system,
The ship security alert system shall:
Be capable of being activated from the navigation bridge and in at least one other location
The system is intended for transmitting a security alert when the ship is under attack by
pirates, terrorists, etc. It notifies a preset flag administration on land that the ship is under
threat, without generating any audio/visual alarms to prevent others onboard from sensing
that a security alert is transmitted. Its multi-addressed transmission function enables reports
to a ship’s owner as well as to a flag administration in parallel.
The information transmitted includes ship’s current position and identification. Ship’s position,
obtained by using the built-in GPS receiver, is sent at regular intervals so that a flag
administration and the ship owner are kept informed of the position of the ship. A backup
battery is available as an option to drive the system up to five days for continual data
transmission. Furthermore, its polling function enables tracking of a ship even after the loss of
ship's communication.
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Examples of Security Equipment

Physical Security Equipment, Access Control Measures, Patrolling, and Monitoring/Detection
Systems
Maintenance
Code Type Utilization Example
Required
Securing Monthly
Dead-bolt Doors check and
1
Door Lock and lubrication
Hatches as required
Securing
doors Monthly
Door Hook and check and
2A
Lock hatches lubrication
from as required
inside
Securing
Doors Monthly
Door Hook and check and
2B
Lock Hatches lubrication
from as required
Inside
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Physical Security Equipment, Access Control Measures, Patrolling, and

Monitoring/Detection Systems
Maintenance
Required
Monthly
Securing
Screw check and
3 doors and
Bolt lubrication as
hatches
required
Securing
Monthly
Doors and
Sliding check and
4 Hatches
Bolt lubrication as
from
required
Inside
Monthly
Securing
check and
5 Padlock Doors and
lubrication as
Hatches
required
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Maintenance
Required
Used as both
a lock for
Check during
"securing"
6 Bolt Seal routine security
and a seal for
rounds
"intrusion
detection"
Denying
Access or Monthly check
Metal Bar
7A Securing a and lubrication
Door
Compartment as required
/ entrance
Denying
Access or Monthly check
Metal Bar
7B Creating a and lubrication
Door
"Access as required
Zone"
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Systems
Maintenance
Required
Intrusion Detection of
Doors, Hatches, Check during
Plastic
8A Compartments, routine security
Strap Seal
Lockers, rounds
etc.
Doors, Hatches, Check during
Metal Strap
8B Compartments, routine security
Seal
Lockers, rounds
etc.
Security Doors, Hatches, Check during
9A Seal Tape Compartments, routine security
(serialized) Lockers, rounds
etc.
9B Seal Tape Compartments, routine security
etc.
9C Seal Tape Compartments, routine security
etc.
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Maintenance
Required
Intrusion Detection
of
Security Seal Check during
Doors, Hatches,
9D Tape routine security
Compartments,
(Serialized) rounds
Lockers,
etc.
Placed at
Gangway or other
Access points.
Advises
Monthly Check
Access “Authorized
10 for repair and
Control Signs Personnel Only”,
painting
“ID Checkpoint”,
All items subject to
Inspection for
Contraband
Located on
Monthly Check
Access External and
11 for repair and
Control Signs Internal Stairs &
painting
Access Points
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Systems
Maintenance
Required
Challenge of
Persons
boarding,
Access Control
12A Inspection of ID N/A
Measures
badge, and
Recording in
Log
Retention of
Visitor/Vendor/S
Access Control tevedore
12B N/A
Measures ID Badge and
Issue of
Ship ID
Retention of
Visitor/Vendor/S
Access Control tevedore
12C N/A
Measures ID Badge and
Issue of
Ship ID
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Maintenance
Required
Retention of
Visitor/Vendor/St
Access
evedore
12D Control N/A
ID Badge and
Measures
Issue of
Ship ID
Inspection of all
packages,
Access bags, coolers,
13 Control etc. at N/A
Measures Gangway or
other Access
Point
Search of
Access
Persons --
14 Control N/A
Increased Threat
Measures
Level
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Maintenance
Required
K-9 Search of
Access Persons &
15 Control Bags-- Increased N/A
Measures Threat
Level
Security Officer
16 Patrolling protecting the N/A
Seaward side
Security Officer
protecting
13 Patrolling the Seaward side -- N/A
Increased Threat
Level
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Maintenance
Required
Security Officer
monitoring
activities on
14 Patrolling N/A
decks, in
cargo bays,
and dockside
K-9 Search of
Containers,
Monitoring /
Cargo, Ship's
15A Detection by N/A
Stores, and
K- 9 Team
Baggage for
Contraband
K-9 Search of
Ship Storage
Monitoring / Areas, Lockers,
15B Detection by Accommodatio N/A
K-9 Team ns, Engine
Room, etc. for
Contraband
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Maintenance
Required
Use of Probe
Monitoring / or Hands to
Detection Search Cargo,
16 by Ship's N/A
Security Stores, and
Officer Baggage for
Contraband
Use of SCUBA
Monitoring / Divers to
Detection inspect Hull of
17 by the Ship for N/A
SCUBA Attachments
Divers (Drugs or
Explosives)
Use at Access
Hourly
Points for
checks
Monitoring / Detecting
when in
18 Detection Weapons
usage to
Device being
determine
carried by
functionality
Persons
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Systems
Code Type Utilization Example Maintenance Required
CCTV in Restricted
Areas
Monitoring / and other Key Areas
As recommended by
19 Detection to
Manufacturer
Device Detect/Record
Unauthorized
Access
For Usage in
Denying
Monitoring / Access to Ship by
As recommended by
20A Detection Unauthorized
Manufacturer
Device Persons
(pirates, stowaways,
terrorists, etc.)
"Secure-Ship" High
Monitoring /
Voltage fence As recommended by
20B Detection
produced by Manufacturer
Device
"Secure-Marine"
Monitoring /
Intrusion Detection As recommended by
21 Detection
Devices and Alarms Manufacturer
Device
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SHIP SECURITY PLAN
Ship security plan

Each ship shall carry on board a ship security plan approved by the Administration. The
plan shall make provisions for the three security levels as defined Part A of the Code.
A recognized security organization may prepare the ship security plan for a specific
ship.
The Administration may entrust the review and approval of ship security plans, or of
amendments to a previously approved plan, to recognized security organizations.
The recognized security organization, undertaking the review and approval of a ship
security plan, or its amendments, for a specific ship shall not have been involved in
either the preparation of the ship security assessment or of the ship security plan, or of
the amendments, under review.
The submission of a ship security plan, or of amendments to a previously approved

plan, for approval shall be accompanied by the security assessment on the basis of
which the plan, or the amendments, have been developed.
Such a plan shall be developed, taking into account the guidance given in part B of
this Code and shall be written in the working language or languages of the ship. If the
language or languages used is not English, French or Spanish, a translation into one of
these languages shall be included. The plan shall not be restricted to but address, at
least, the following:
1. Measures designed to prevent weapons, dangerous substances and devices
intended for use against persons, ships or ports and the carriage of which is not
authorized from being taken on board the ship;
2. Identification of the restricted areas and measures for the prevention of unauthorized
access to them
3. Measures for the prevention of unauthorized access to the ship;
4. Procedures for responding to security threats or breaches of security, including
provisions for maintaining critical operations of the ship or ship/port interface;
5. Procedures for responding to any security instructions Contracting Governments
may give at security level 3;
6. Procedures for evacuation in case of security threats or breaches of security;
7. Duties of shipboard personnel assigned security responsibilities and of other
shipboard personnel on security aspects;
8. Procedures for auditing the security activities;
9. Procedures for training, drills and exercises associated with the plan;
10. Procedures for interfacing with port facility security activities;
11. Procedures for the periodic review of the plan and for updating;
12. Procedures for reporting security incidents;
13. Identification of the ship security officer;
14. Identification of the company security officer including 24-hour contact details;
15. Procedures to ensure the inspection, testing, calibration, and maintenance of any
security equipment provided on board;
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16. Frequency for testing or calibration of any security equipment provided on board;
17. Identification of the locations where the ship security alert system activation points
are provided and
18. Procedures, instructions and guidance on the use of the ship security alert system,
including the testing, activation, deactivation and resetting and to limit false alerts.
The nature of the changes to the ship security plan or the security equipment that have
been specifically approved by the Administration, pursuant to section 9.5, shall be
documented in a manner that clearly indicates such approval. This approval shall be
available on board and shall be presented together with the International Ship Security
Certificate (or the Interim International Ship Security Certificate). If these changes are
temporary, once the original approved measures or equipment are reinstated, this
documentation no longer needs to be retained by the ship.
The plan may be kept in an electronic format. In such a case, it shall be protected by
procedures aimed at preventing its unauthorized deletion, destruction or amendment.
The plan shall be protected from unauthorized access or disclosure.
Ship security plans are not subject to inspection by officers duly authorized by a
Contracting Government to carry out control and compliance measures in accordance
with regulation XI-2/9, save in circumstances specified below.
If the officers duly authorized by a Contracting Government have clear grounds to
believe that the ship is not in compliance with the requirements of chapter XI-2 or part A
of this Code, and the only means to verify or rectify the non-compliance is to review the
relevant requirements of the ship security plan, limited access to the specific sections of
the plan relating to the non- compliance is exceptionally allowed, but only with the
consent of the Contracting Government of, or the master of, the ship concerned.
Nevertheless, the provisions in the plan relating to section 9.4 subsections .2, .4, .5, .7,
.15, .17 and .18 as above are considered as confidential information, and cannot be
subject to inspection unless otherwise agreed by the Contracting Governments
concerned.
Ship Security Plan

General
The company security officer (CSO) has the responsibility of ensuring that a ship
security plan (SSP) is prepared and submitted for approval. The content of each
individual SSP should vary depending on the particular ship it covers. The ship security
assessment (SSA) will have identified the particular features of the ship and the
potential threats and vulnerabilities. The preparation of the SSP will require these
features to be addressed in detail. Administrations may prepare advice on the
preparation and content of a SSP.
Differing security levels

The SSP should establish details of the procedures and security measures the ship
could adopt if the ship is at a higher security level than that applying to a port facility.
Activities not covered by the Code

The SSP should establish details of the procedures and security measures the ship
should apply when:
.1. It is at a port of a State which is not a Contracting Government;
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.2. It is interfacing with a ship to which this Code does not apply)
.3. It is interfacing with fixed or floating platforms or a mobile drilling unit on
location; or
.4. It is interfacing with a port or port facility which is not required to comply with
chapter XI-2 and part A of this Code.
Audit and review

The SSP should establish how the CSO and the SSO intend to audit the continued
effectiveness of the SSP and the procedure to be followed to review, update or amend
the SSP.
A sample questionnaire as follows may be used to review the adequacy of the SSP with
the requirements of the code.
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Ship Security Plan Questionnaire

VESSEL NAME:
DATE:
REVIEWER:
Requirements of SECURITY ASSESSOR Yes No
Part A Part B
Has the Ship Security Assessment being
A/ carried out for the ship by the person with
8.2 appropriate skills to evaluate the ship's
security?
Review his training certificates and/or CV
1. Shipboard experience- At least Second
Mate or Second Engineer, or similar Navy or
Coast Guard Experience.
2. Security training from one of the IACS
members, LISCR or another reputable
company.
Page where found

Section 8 SHIP SECURITY ASSESSMENT in
Assessment
A/
8.4
Has the SSA included the followings?
A/
8.4
on-scene security survey
A/ identification of existing security measures,
8.4.1 procedures and operations
A/ identification and evaluation of key ship board
8.4.2 operations that it is important to protect
A/ identification of possible threats to the key ship
8.4.3 board operations and the likelihood of their
occurrence, in order to
establish and prioritize security measures;(See end
of this section 8 regarding vessels transiting off
the east coast of Africa, east coast of Oman,
Seychelles, the southern Red Sea and the west
coast of Africa)
identification of weaknesses, including human
A/
8.4.4
factors in the infrastructure, policies and
procedures
B/8.2 Prior to commencing the SSA, has the CSO
ensured that advantage is taken of information
available on the assessment of threat for the
ports at which the ship will call or at which
passengers embark or disembark and
About the port facilities and their protective
measures?
Has the CSO studied previous reports on similar
B/8.2
security needs?
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B/8.2 Has the CSO met with appropriate persons on

the ship and in the port facilities to discuss the
purpose and
Methodology of the assessment, where feasible?
Has the CSO followed any specific guidance
B/8.2
offered by the Contracting Governments?
Has the SSA addressed the following elements on
B/8.3
board or within the ship?
.1 physical security
.2 structural integrity
.3 personnel protection systems
.4 procedural policies
radio and telecommunication systems, including
.5
computer systems and networks;
other areas that may, if damaged or used for illicit
.6 observation, pose a risk to people, property, or
operations on board the ship or within a port facility
Are those involved in a SSA able to draw upon
B/8.4
expert assistance in relation to the following?
.1 knowledge of current security threats and patterns
recognition and detection of weapons, dangerous
.2
substances and devices
.3 recognition, on a non-discriminatory basis, of
characteristics and behavioral patterns of
persons who are likely to threaten security
.4 techniques used to circumvent security measures
.5 methods used to cause a security incident
effects of explosives on ship structures and
.6
equipment
.7 ship security
.8 ship/port interface business practices
contingency planning, emergency preparedness
.9
and response
.10 physical security
radio and telecommunications systems, including
.11
computer systems and networks
.12 marine engineering
.13 ship and port operations
Has the CSO obtained and recorded the
B/8.5 information required to conduct an assessment for
the following?
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GNRL LAYOUT .1 the general layout of the ship

.2 the location of areas which should have restricted
access, such as navigation bridge, machinery
spaces of
category A and other control stations as defined in
chapter II-2, etc.
the location and function of each actual or potential
.3
access point to the ship
changes in the tide which may have an impact on
.4
the vulnerability or security of the ship
.5 the cargo spaces and stowage arrangements
the locations where the ship stores and essential
.6
maintenance equipment is stored
the locations where unaccompanied baggage is
.7
stored
the emergency and stand-by equipment available
.8
to maintain essential services
.9 the number of ship personnel, any existing
security duties and any existing training
requirement practices of the
Company **(See Note on page 4)
existing security and safety equipment for the
.10
protection of passengers and ship personnel;
.11 escape and evacuation routes and assembly
stations which have to be maintained to ensure the
orderly and safe
emergency evacuation of the ship
existing agreements with private security
.12 companies providing ship/waterside security
services
.13 existing security measures and procedures in
effect, including inspection and, control procedures,
identification
systems, surveillance and monitoring
equipment, personnel identification documents
and communication,
Alarms, lighting, access control and other
appropriate systems.
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B/8.6 Has the SSA examined each identified point of

access, including open weather decks, and
evaluate its potential
for use by individuals who might seek to breach
security? This includes points of access
available to individuals having legitimate
access as well as those who seek to obtain
unauthorized entry.
B/8.7 Has the SSA considered the continuing
relevance of the existing security measures and
guidance, procedures and operations, under
both routine and emergency conditions and
should determine security guidance for
following?
.1 the restricted areas
the response procedures to fire or other
.2
emergency conditions
the level of supervision of the ship personnel,
.3 passengers, visitors, vendors, repair technicians,
dock workers, etc.
the frequency and effectiveness of security
.4
patrols
the access control systems, including
.5
identification systems
the security communications systems and
.6
procedures
.7 the security doors, barriers and lighting
the security and surveillance equipment and
.8
systems, if any
Has the SSA considered the following persons,
B/8.8 activities, services and operations that it is
important to protect?
.1 the ship personnel
passengers, visitors, vendors, repair technicians,
.2
port facility personnel, etc;
the capacity to maintain safe navigation and
.3
emergency response
the cargo, particularly dangerous goods or
.4
hazardous substances
.5 the ship stores
the ship security communication equipment and
.6
systems, if any
the ship security surveillance equipment and
.7
systems, if any
Has the SSA considered all possible threats, which
THREATS may include the following types of security
incidents?
damage to, or destruction of, the ship or of a port
B/8.9 .1 facility, e.g. by explosive devices, arson, sabotage
or vandalism
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hijacking or seizure of the ship or of persons on

.2
board
tampering with cargo, essential ship equipment or
.3
systems or ship stores
unauthorized access or use, including presence of
.4
stowaways
smuggling weapons or equipment, including
.5
weapons of mass destruction
use of the ship to carry those intending to cause a
.6
security incident and/or their equipment
use of the ship itself as a weapon or as a means to
.7
cause damage or destruction
.8 attacks from seaward whilst at berth or at anchor
.9 attacks whilst at sea
VULNERA- Has the SSA taken into account all possible
BILITIES vulnerabilities for following?
B/8.10 .1 conflicts between safety and security measures
conflicts between shipboard duties and security
.2
assignments;
.3 watch-keeping duties, number of ship
personnel, particularly with implications on
crew fatigue, alertness and performance
.4 any identified security training deficiencies
any security equipment and systems, including
.5
communication systems
B/ 8.11 Are particular consideration given to the
convenience, comfort and personal privacy of the
ship personnel and their ability to maintain their
effectiveness over long periods?
B/ 8.12 Upon completion of the SSA, has the report
been prepared, consisting of a summary of how
the assessment was conducted, a description of
each vulnerability found during the assessment
and a description of counter measures that could
be used to address each vulnerability?
B/ 8.13 If the SSA has not been carried out by the
Company, has the report of the SSA been
reviewed and accepted by the CSO?
B/ 8.14 Has the on-scene security survey examined and
evaluated existing shipboard protective
measures, procedures and operations for the
following?
ensuring the performance of all ship security
.1
duties
monitoring restricted areas to ensure that only
.2
authorized persons have access;
controlling access to the ship, including any
.3
identification systems
monitoring of deck areas and areas surrounding
.4
the ship
44
Date: April 23
Prep by:
Appr by:
.5 controlling the embarkation of persons and their

effects (accompanied and unaccompanied
baggage and ship
personnel personal effects);
supervising the handling of cargo and the
.6
delivery of ship stores;
ensuring that ship security communication,
.7
information, and equipment are readily available
BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES TO DETER ACTS OF PIRACY AND ARMED

ROBBERY **
For vessels transiting off the east Coast of Africa, east

B/8.2
coast of Oman, Seychelles, the southern Red Sea and
the west coast of Africa.
Has the SSA, carried out in accordance with the ISPS

A/8.4.3 B/8.3
code, taken into account the threat from piracy and
B/8.4.1 armed robbery?
B/8.5.9
B/8.5.10
B/8.9.2
B/8.9.9
Has the SSA given full consideration to the guidance
B/8.10.1
issued by the IMO, industry and military sources,
including IMO MSC.1/Circ.1334, “Guidance to ship
B/8.10.3
owners and ship operators, shipmasters and crews on
preventing and suppressing acts of piracy and armed
B/8.10.4
robbery against ships” and IMO MSC.1/Circ.1339
(BMP5), “Best Management Practices to Deter
Piracy in the Gulf of Aden and off the Coast of
Somalia developed by the industry.”
B/8.12 Upon completion of the SSA, does the report
include a description of each vulnerability found
during the assessment and a description of counter
measures that could be used to address each
vulnerability?
** Note: Although not a requirement for SSP approval under the ISPS Code, Company’s
shall ensure compliance with security-related training and instruction for all
seafarers in accordance with A-VI/6 of the STCW Code, as amended
45
Date: April 23
Prep by:
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Page/
Ship Security Plan
Requirements of Yes No item in
Questionnaire
SSP
Part A Part B Section 5 DECLARATION OF SECURITY
Are the requirements for the use of DoS set
DOS B/5.2
out in the ship security plan?
Has the SSP detailed how requests for DoS
from a port facility will be handled and the
B/9.52
circumstances under which the ship itself
should request a DoS?
Section 6 OBLIGATIONS OF THE
COMPANY
A/6.1 Has the Company ensured that the ship
security plan contains a clear statement
emphasizing the
Master’s authority?
A/6.1 Has the Company established in the ship
security plan that the master has the
overriding authority and responsibility to
make decisions with respect to the security
of the ship and to request the assistance of
the Company or of any Contracting
Government authority.
Has the Company ensured that the
company security officer, the master and
the ship security officer are given the
necessary support to fulfill their duties and
responsibilities in accordance with chapter
XI-2 and this part of the Code?
Has following information included?
A/6.2 Parties responsible for appointing
shipboard personnel, such as ship
management companies,
Manning agents, contractors,
B/6.1 concessionaries, for example, retail sales
outlets, casinos etc
.1 Parties responsible for deciding the
employment of the ship including, time or
bareboat
Charterer (s) or any other entity acting in
such capacity
.2 In cases when the ship is employed under
the terms of a charter party, the contact
details of those parties including time or
voyage chatterers
.3 Is the result of Ship Security Assessment
attached to the Ship Security Plan?
46
Date: April 23
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Does the Plan address the following?

measures designed to prevent weapons,
dangerous substances and devices intended
A/9.3 for use against people, ships or ports and
the carriage of which is not authorized from
being taken on board the ship
A/9.4
measures for the prevention of unauthorized

.1
access to the ship
procedures for
responding to
identification of the restricted areas and
RESTD security threats or
.2 measures for the prevention of unauthorized
AREAS breaches of
access
security, including
provisions for
maintaining critical operations of the ship or
.3
ship/port interface
procedures for responding to any security
instructions Contracting Governments
.4 may give at
security level 3
duties of shipboard personnel assigned
.5 security responsibilities and of other
shipboard
procedures for evacuation in case of personnel on security
EVACUATION .6
security threats or breaches of security aspects
procedures for auditing the security
activities
.7 procedures for training, drills and
exercises associated with the plan
**(See Note on page 14)
procedures for interfacing with port facility
.8
security activities
A/13 .9
.10
47
Date: April 23
Prep by:
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REVIEW OF procedures for the periodic review of the plan

PLAN .11 and for updating
.12 procedures for reporting security incidents

SSO .13 identification of the ship security officer
identification of the company security officer
CSO IMP .14
including with 24-hour contact details
procedures to ensure the inspection, testing,
.15 calibration, and maintenance of any security
equipment provided on board, if any
frequency for testing or calibration any
.16
security equipment provided on board, if any
SSAS identification of the locations where the ship
.17 security alert system activation points are
provided
procedures, instructions and guidance on the use
of the ship security alert system, including the
.18
testing, activation, deactivation and resetting and
to limit false alerts
Is the personnel conducting internal audits
of the security activities specified in the
plan or evaluating its implementation
A/9.4.
independent of the activities being
1
audited unless this is
impracticable due to the size and the nature of
the Company or of the ship?
ELECTRONIC In the case that the Plan is to be kept in an
electronic format, is it to be protected by
A/9.6 procedures
aimed at preventing its unauthorized deletion,
destruction or amendment?
B/9.2 Does the SSP contain following contents?

detail of the organizational structure of security for
.1
the ship
detail of the ship relationships with the Company,
.2 port facilities, other ships and relevant
authorities with security responsibility
detail of the communication systems to allow
effective continuous communication within the
.3
ship and between the ship and others, including port
facilities;
detail of the basic security measures for security level
.4 1, both operational and physical, that
will always be in place
detail of the additional security measures that will
allow the ship to progress without delay to
.5
security level 2 and, when necessary, to security level
3
REGULAR .6 details of the regular review, or audit, of the SSP
48
Date: April 23
Prep by:
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REVIEW OF and for its amendment in response to

SSP
experience or changing circumstances
reporting procedures to the appropriate Contracting

.7
Governments contact points
Has the preparation of an effective SSP rested on a
thorough assessment of all issues that relate to the
security of the ship, including, in particular, a
B/9.3
thorough appreciation of the physical and
operational characteristics, including the voyage
pattern, of the individual ship?
RSO has not prepared or assisted in the preparation
B/9.4
of the plan
Have the following procedures been developed by
B/9.5
CSO and SSO?
EFFECTIVENES
S OF SSP
assess the continuing effectiveness of the SSP
.1
AMEND’S TO prepare amendments of the plan subsequent to its

SSP .2
approval
Has the SSP established the following which relate to

B/9.7
all security levels?
the duties and responsibilities of all shipboard

.1
personnel with a security role
the procedures or safeguards necessary to allow such
.2 continuous communications to be
maintained at all times
the procedures needed to assess the continuing
effectiveness of security procedures and any
security and surveillance equipment and
.3 systems, including procedures for identifying
and
responding to equipment or systems failure or
malfunction
the procedures and practices to protect security
.4 sensitive information held in paper or
electronic format
the type and maintenance requirements, of security
.5
and surveillance equipment and systems, if any
the procedures to ensure the timely submission, and
.6 assessment, of reports relating to possible
breaches of security or security concerns
procedures to establish, maintain and up-date an
inventory of any dangerous goods or
.7
hazardous substances carried on board, including
their location
49
Date: April 23
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Has the SSP established the security measures

B/9.9 covering all means of access to the ship identified
in the SSA?
.1 access ladders
.2 access gangways
.3 access ramps
.4 access doors, side scuttles, windows and ports
.5 mooring lines and anchor chains

.6 cranes and hoisting gear
Has the SSP identified the locations where access
B/9.10 restrictions or prohibitions should be applied
for each of the security level?
Has the SSP established the type of restriction or
B/9.10 prohibition to be applied and the means of
enforcing them for each security level?
Has the SSP established for each security level the
means of identification required to allow
B/9.11
access to the ship and for individuals to remain on the
ship without challenge?
Has any ship identification system been co-ordinate
B/9.11
with that applying to the port facility?
Has the SSP established provisions to ensure that the
identification systems are regularly
B/9.11
updated, and that abuse of procedures should be
subject to disciplinary action?
Are instructions provided to notify SSOs, CSOs,
B/9.12 PFSO, flag and port states for any attempted
unauthorized entry
Has the SSP established the frequency of application
B/9.13 of any access controls particularly if they
are to be applied on a random, or occasional, basis?
ACCESS TO SHIP
(Security Level 1 - Access to the Ship)
Has the SSP established the following security
B/9.14
measures to control access to the ship?
checking the identity of all persons seeking to
board the ship and confirming their reasons for
.1 doing so by checking, for example, joining
instructions, passenger tickets, boarding passes,
work orders etc
in liaison with the port facility the ship should ensure
.2
that designated secure areas are
50
Date: April 23
Prep by:
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established in which inspections and searching of

people, baggage (including carry on items), personal
effects, vehicles and their contents can take place
in liaison with the port facility the ship should ensure
that vehicles destined to be loaded on
Ro-Ro .3 board car carriers, ro-ro and other passenger ships
are subjected to search prior to loading, in
accordance with the frequency required in the SSP
segregating checked persons and their personal effects
passengers .4 from unchecked persons and their
personal effects
passengers .5 segregating embarking from disembarking passengers
identification of access points that should be secured or
.6 attended to prevent unauthorized
access
securing, by locking or other means, access to
.7 unattended spaces adjoining areas to which
passengers and visitors have access
providing security briefings to all ship personnel on
possible threats, the procedures for
.8
reporting suspicious persons, objects or activities and the
need for vigilance
Has the SSP specified that all those seeking to board a
ship should be liable to search, and
B/9.15
has the frequency of such searches, including random
searches, been specified in the SSP?
(Security Level 1 - Restricted Areas on the Ship)
Has the SSP established the following security measures
B/9.22
to be applied to restricted areas?
.1 locking or securing access points
.2 using surveillance equipment to monitor the areas
.3 using guards or patrols
using automatic intrusion detection devices to alert the
.4
ship personnel of unauthorized access
(Security Level 2- Access to the Ship)
Has the SSP established the following security measures?
B/9.16
(May include)
assigning additional personnel to patrol deck areas
.1 during silent hours to deter unauthorized
access
limiting the number of access points to the ship,
.2 identifying those to be closed and the means
of adequately securing them
deterring waterside access to the ship, including, for
.3 example, in liaison with the port facility,
provision of boat patrols
establishing a restricted area on the shore-side of the
.4
ship, in close co-operation with the port
51
Date: April 23
Prep by:
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facility
increasing the frequency and detail of searches of
.5 people, personal effects, and vehicles being
embarked or loaded onto the ship;
ESCORTING
VISITORS
escorting visitors on the ship
.6
providing additional specific security briefings to all

ship personnel on any identified threats,
.7 re-emphasizing the procedures for reporting
suspicious persons, objects, or activities and
stressing the need for increased vigilance
carrying out a full or partial search of the ship
.8
(Security Level 2 - Restricted Areas on the Ship)

Has the frequency and intensity of the monitoring
of, and control of access to restricted
B/9.23
areas been increased to ensure that only authorized
persons have access?
Has the SSP established the following additional
B/9.23
security measures?
establishing restricted areas adjacent to access
.1
points
.2 continuously monitoring surveillance equipment
dedicating additional personnel to guard and patrol
.3
restricted areas
(Security Level 3 - Access to the Ship)
B/9.17 Has the SSP detailed the following security measures?
.1 limiting access to a single, controlled, access point
granting access only to those responding to the
.2
security incident or threat thereof;
.3 directions of persons on board
.4 suspension of embarkation or disembarkation
suspension of cargo handling operations, deliveries
.5
etc
EVACUATI ON evacuation of the ship
.6
.7 movement of the ship
.8 preparing for a full or partial search of the ship
Has the SSP identified the restricted areas to be
established on the ship, specified their extent,
B/9.18 times of application, the security measures to be
taken to control access to them and those to be
taken to control activities within them?
Does the SSP ensure that there are clearly
established policies and practices to control access
B/9.19
to
all restricted areas then?
52
Date: April 23
Prep by:
Appr by:
REST Does the SSP provide that all restricted areas

RICT should be clearly marked indicating that access
ED B/9.20 to the area is restricted and that unauthorized
AREA presence within the area constitutes a breach of
S security?
Are the restricted areas including the following? (May
B/9.21
include).
navigation bridge, machinery spaces of category
.1 A and other control stations as defined in
chapter II-2
spaces containing security and surveillance
.2 equipment and systems and their controls and
lighting system controls
ventilation and air-conditioning systems and other
.3
similar spaces
spaces with access to portable water tanks, pumps, or
.4
manifolds
spaces containing dangerous goods or hazardous
.5
substances
.6 spaces containing cargo pumps and their controls
.7 cargo spaces and spaces containing ship stores
.8 crew accommodation
any other areas as determined by the CSO, through the
.9
SSA to which access must be restricted to
maintain the security of the ship

(Security Level 3 Restricted Areas on the Ship)
Has the SSP detailed the following security
measures which could be taken by the ship, in close
B/9.24
co-operations with those responding and the port
facility?
setting up of additional restricted areas on the ship
in proximity to the security incident, or the believed
.1
location of the security threat, to which access is
denied
searching of restricted areas as part of a search of the
.2
ship
HANDLING
(Security Level 1 Handling of Cargo)
CARGO
B/9.27
measures to be applied during cargo handling?
routine checking of cargo, cargo transport units
.1 and cargo spaces prior to, and during, cargo
handling operations;
checks to ensure that cargo being loaded matches the
.2
cargo documentation
ensuring, in liaison with the port facility, that vehicles
to be loaded on board car-carriers, ro-ro and
.3 passenger ships are subjected to search prior to
loading, in accordance with the frequency required
53
Date: April 23
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in the SSP
checking of seals or other methods used to prevent

.4
tampering
Are there arrangements to conclude an agreement
B/9.29 for other security measures with PFSO for regular
or repeated cargo movement
B/9.30 security measures to be applied during cargo
handling?
detailed checking of cargo, cargo transport units and
.1
cargo spaces
intensified checks to ensure that only the intended
.2
cargo is loaded
intensified searching of vehicles to be loaded on car-
.3
carriers, ro-ro and passenger ships
increased frequency and detail in checking of seals or
.4
other methods used to prevent tampering
Has the SSP detailed the following security measures
B/9.32 which could be taken by the ship, in close co-
operation with those responding and the port facility?
.1 suspension of the loading or unloading of cargo
verify the inventory of dangerous goods and
.2 hazardous substances carried on board, if any, and
their location
SHIP STORES (Security Level 1 Delivery of Ship's Store)
B/9.35 measures to be applied during delivery of ship
stores?
checking to ensure stores match the order prior to being
.1
loaded on board
.2 ensuring immediate secure stowage of ship stores
(Security Level 2 Delivery of Ship's Store)
Has the SSP established the additional security
measures to be applied during delivery of ship
B/9.36
stores by exercising checks prior to receiving
stores on board and intensifying inspections?
54
Date: April 23
Prep by:
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(Security Level 3 Delivery of Ship's Store)

measures which could be taken by the ship, in
B/9.37
close co-operation with those responding and the
port facility?
.1 subjecting ship stores to more extensive checking
preparation for restriction or suspension of handling of
.2
ship stores
.3 refusal to accept ship stores on board the ship
UNACCOMPANIED (Security Level 1 Handling Unaccompanied
BAGGAGE Baggage)
Has the SSP established the security measures to
be applied when handling unaccompanied baggage
B/9.39 to ensure that unaccompanied baggage is
screened or searched up to and including 100
percent, which may include use of x-ray screening?
(Security Level 2 Handling Unaccompanied
Baggage)
Has the SSP established the additional security
measures to be applied when handling
B/9.40 unaccompanied baggage which should include 100
percent x-ray screening of all unaccompanied
baggage?
(Security Level 1 Handling Unaccompanied
Baggage)
measures which could be taken by the ship, in
B/9.41
close co-operation with those responding and the
port facility?
subjecting such baggage to more extensive
.1 screening, for example x-raying it from at least two
different angles
preparation for restriction or suspension of handling of
.2
unaccompanied baggage
refusal to accept unaccompanied baggage on board
.3
the ship.
MONITORING SHIP
SECURITY
(Monitoring the Security of the Ship)
Has the SSP established the procedures and
equipment needed at each security level and the
means of ensuring that monitoring equipment
B/9.44
will be able to perform continually, including
consideration of the possible effects of weather
conditions or of power disruptions?
(Security Level 1 Monitoring the Security of the
Ship)
Has the SSP established the security measures to
be applied which may be a combination of lighting,
B/9.45 watch keepers, security guards or use of security
and surveillance equipment to allow ship security
personnel to observe the ship in general, and
55
Date: April 23
Prep by:
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barriers and restricted areas in particular?

Has the following been considered when
B/9.46 establishing the appropriate level and location
of lighting?
the ship personnel should be able to detect
.1 activities beyond the ship, on both the shore side
and the waterside
coverage should include the area on and around the
.2
ship
coverage should facilitate personnel identification at
.3
access points
coverage may be provided through coordination with
.4
the port facility
(Security Level 2 Monitoring the Security of the
Ship)

B/9.4
security measures to be applied to enhance the
7
monitoring and surveillance capabilities?
.1 increasing the frequency and detail of security patrols
increasing the coverage and intensity of lighting
.2 or the use of security and surveillance and
equipment
.3 assigning additional personnel as security lookouts
ensuring coordination with waterside boat patrols,
.4 and foot or vehicle patrols on the shore-side, when
provided
MONITORING SHIP (Security Level 3 Monitoring the Security of the
SECURITY Ship)
B/ measures which could be taken by the ship, in close
9.49 co-operation with those responding and the port
facility?
switching on of all lighting on, or illuminating the
.1
vicinity of, the ship
switching on of all on board surveillance equipment
.2 capable of recording activities on, or in the vicinity
of, the ship
maximizing the length of time such surveillance
.3
equipment can continue to record
preparation for underwater inspection of the hull of the
.4
ship
initiation of measures, including the slow revolution of
.5 the ship propellers, if practicable, to deter underwater
access to the hull of the ship
ADL. B/ Are measures to provide additional lighting when
LIGHT 9.48 necessary available?
(Differing Security Levels)
Has the SSP established details of the procedures
B/
and security measures the ship could adopt if the
9.50
ship is at a higher security level than that applying
56
Date: April 23
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to a port facility?
(Activities not covered by the Code)

Has the SSP established details of the procedures
B/
and security measures the ship should apply for the
9.51
following cases?
it is at a port of a State which is not a Contracting
.1
Government
it is interfacing with a ship to which this Code does not
.2
apply
it is interfacing with fixed or floating platforms or a
.3
mobile drilling unit on location
it is interfacing with a port or port facility which is not
.4 required to comply with chapter XI-2 and part A of
this Code
AUDIT & REVIEW (Audit and Review)
Has the SSP established how the CSO and the
B/ SSO are intending to audit the continued
9.53 effectiveness of the SSP and the procedure to
follow for review, update or amending the SSP?
RECORD S Section 10 RECORDS
Are instructions/information to maintain the
A/10.1 RECORDS records of the activities addressed in the SSP
provided?
In the case that the records are to be kept in
an electronic format, are they protected by
A/10.3 procedures aimed at preventing
unauthorized deletion, destruction or
amendment?
CSO Section 11COMPANY SECURITY OFFICER
Has the Company Security Officer been designated for
A/11.1
the ship?
Are following duties and responsibilities of the
A/11.2
company security officer included in the Plan?
advising the level of threats likely to be encountered
.1 by the ship, using appropriate security assessments
and other relevant information
ensuring that ship security assessments are carried
.2
out
ensuring the development, the submission for
.3 approval, and thereafter the implementation and
maintenance of the ship security plan
ensuring that the ship security plan is modified, as
.4 appropriate, to correct deficiencies and satisfy the
security requirements of the individual ship
arranging for internal audits and reviews of security
.5
activities
arranging for the initial and subsequent verifications
.6 of the ship by the Administration or the recognized
security organization
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Date: April 23
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ensuring that deficiencies and non-conformities

identified during internal audits, periodic reviews,
.7 security inspections and verifications of compliance
are promptly addressed and dealt with
.8 enhancing security awareness and vigilance

ensuring adequate training for personnel responsible
.9
for the security of the ship
ensuring effective communication and co-operation
.10 between the ship security officer and the relevant
port facility security officers
ensuring consistency between security requirements
.11
and safety requirement
ensuring that, if sister-ship or fleet security plans are
.12 used, the plan for each ship reflects the ship-specific
information accurately
ensuring that any alternative or equivalent
.13 arrangements approved for a particular ship or
group of ships are implemented and maintained
SSO Section 12 SHIP SECURITY OFFICER
Has the Ship Security Officer been designated on
A/12.1
the ship?
Are following duties and responsibilities of the ship
A/12.2
security officer included in the Plan?
undertaking regular security inspections of the ship
.1 to ensure that appropriate security measures are
maintained
maintaining and supervising the implementation of
.2 the ship security plan, including any amendments to
the plan
coordinating the security aspects of the handling of
cargo and ship stores with other shipboard
.3
personnel and with the relevant port facility security
officers;
.4 proposing modifications to the ship security plan
reporting to the Company Security Officer any
deficiencies and non-conformities identified during
.5 internal audits, periodic reviews, security inspections
and verifications of compliance and implementing
any corrective actions
58
Date: April 23
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.6 enhancing security awareness and vigilance on board

ensuring that adequate training has been provided to
.7
shipboard personnel, as appropriate
.8 reporting all security incidents
coordinating implementation of the ship security plan with
.9 the company security officer and the relevant port facility
security officer
Ensuring that security equipment is properly operated,
.10 tested, calibrated and maintained, if any.
PIRACY & ARMED
BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES TO DETER PIRACY AND
ROBBERY **
ARMED ROBBERY
Has the SSP established additional security measures to
counter the threat of piracy and armed robbery when
operating off the east coast of Africa, east coast of Oman,
Seychelles, the southern Red Sea and the west coast of
Africa
** Note: Although not a requirement for SSP approval under the ISPS Code,
Company’s shall ensure compliance with security-related training and
instruction for all seafarers in accordance with A-VI/6 of the STCW
Code, as amended.
59
Date: April 23
Prep by:
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6.0 THREAT IDENTIFICATION, RECOGNITION AND RESPONSE
Recognition and detection of weapons, dangerous substances and devices
● Weapon Identification
Beretta 9mm Colt 1911
9mm, Semi, Magazine Fed, Recoil Operated Cal, Semi, Magazine Fed, Recoil
Operated
AK 47
UZI
7.62 MM, Semi and Auto, Mag Fed, Gas Operated
AK Design assassins weapon (when broken up )
60
Date: April 23
Prep by:
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Can you tell the difference? Real or fake?
61
Date: April 23
Prep by:
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● Substances
● Cocaine-Crack
62
Date: April 23
Prep by:
Appr by:
● Devices
Chemical Bomb IED’s
Methods of Physical Screening and Inspections
63
Date: April 23
Prep by:
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Methods of Physical Screening and Inspections
Implementation and Coordinating Searches

• Planning and practicing searches
• Check-card system
• Necessary equipment
– flashlights and batteries;
– screwdrivers, wrenches and crowbars;
– mirrors and probes;
– gloves, hard hats, overalls and non-slip footwear;
– plastic bags and envelopes for collection of evidence;
– forms on which to record activities and discoveries
• Systematic search procedures
– Search teams
– Dividing rooms/spaces into sections
– Focused attention and clearing areas
• Crew members and facility personnel should not be allowed to search their
own areas in recognition of the possibility that they may have concealed
packages or devices in their own work or personal areas
• Known areas for concealment
Room search, There is a system: from the center up 90 degrees and then
up another 90 degrees 2 man team always!!
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Recognition of persons posing potential security risks

● Non-discriminatory basis
● Focus on an individual’s behaviours and communications to determine if the individual
appears to be planning or preparing for an attack. Behaviour, body-language and
communication are more effective indicators to measure an aggressor’s escalation.
● The U.S. Secret Service reports that the use of profiles, particularly racial or ethnic
profiles, is not effective either for identifying individuals who may pose a risk for
targeted violence or – once an individual has been identified – for assessing the risk
that a particular individual may pose for targeted violence.
• Profiling:
– Ethnic back ground
– Religion
– Dress
– Actions
– Accents
– Beliefs
– Political following
– You cannot tell by any means who might be a terrorist
– In the Maritime Security field any person coming onto your vessel could
pose a threat
– Visitors
• Check ID’s for fakes
– Vendors
• Don’t assume they have not been approached
– Persons taking pictures of vessel or facility
Understand and react to persons exhibiting unsafe appearance or behavior.

Cues to unsafe appearance:
– Inappropriate clothing for weather
– Conscious and unconscious “re-adjusting” of clothing
– Suspicious “bulges” in clothing
– Unconscious “checking” for weapon
Techniques Used to Circumvent Security Measures
• Disabling alarm systems
• Lock picking equipment
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• Glass cutting equipment

• Wire / Bolt cutters
• Fake ID badges / uniforms
• CCTV disabling spray
• Computer Hacking
In 2005, Al-Qaida trained over 200 divers. 2 were caught in the Philippines
Crowd Management & Control

SSO’s, FSO’s and CSO’s may find themselves conducting crowd control in very difficult
situations. They may discover that some groups will not accept them. They may have to
impose order in their area of jurisdiction to protect employees, passengers and the
general public. Moreover, they will be under intense media and political scrutiny.
Enlightened command and control techniques help to make decision-making more
effective in an emergent crowd control situation.
• Training programs should be designed to train crewmembers and security
personnel in:
– Vessel layout and familiarization
– Location of safety and emergency equipment
– Location of emergency exits
– Use of personal lifesaving appliances
– Compliance of the ship’s safety and emergency procedures
– Crowd management and communications during an emergency situation
• Control and Management
– Inner, Intermediate, and outer cordons
– Enforcing cordons
• Access Control measures
• Manned Checkpoints
• Natural/Physical barriers
• Tapes “funneling persons”
– Monitoring/Communication Equipment
– Signage
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7.0 SHIP SECURITY ACTIONS
Security levels—required actions

The Contracting Government will set the Security level
Security levels—required actions

• Level 1
– The level for which minimum Appropriate protective security measures
shall be maintained at all times
Level 2
– Means the level for which appropriate additional protective security
measures shall be maintained for a period of time as result of heightened
risk
• Level 3
– Means the level for which further specific protective security measures
shall be maintained for a limited period of time when a transportation
security incident is probable or imminent, although it may not be possible
to identify the specific target.
If a higher Security Level is set for the port/ zone in which the vessel is located or are
about to enter, they will comply, without undue delay, with all measures specified in the
SSP for compliance with that higher Security level
– The PFSO is notified when compliance with the higher SEC Level has
been implemented; and
– For vessels in port that compliance with the higher SEC Level has taken
place within 12 Hours of notification
• For Security Levels 2 and 3, the SSO will implement additional security
measures and notify all personnel of the change in Security Level, identified
threats, and emphasize reporting procedures and stress the need for increased
vigilance;
• For Security Level 3, the SSO will implement further additional security measures
as directed in the Ship Security Plan or as directed by the designated authority,
such as arrangements to ensure that the vessel can be towed or moved if
deemed necessary.
• Non-compliance issues must be reported immediately.
Maintaining Security of the vessel/Facility Interface
• Ship/port interface means the interactions that occur when a ship is directly and
immediately affected by actions involving the movement of persons, goods or the
provisions of port services to or from the ship.
• Security Measures during interfaces are effected by Security levels
• Coordination of duties between CSO, SSO, and FSO
• Review of SSP and FSP as applicable.
Declaration of Security (DoS)

Declaration of Security means an agreement reached between a ship and either a port
facility or another ship with which it interfaces, specifying the security measures each
will implement.
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• Contracting governments determine when a DoS shall be completed

– Determined by type of vessel and current Security Level
– Continuing DoS’s
– Designated authority request at any time
• Master, SSO, or designated representative must complete it
May be requested by vessel when:
• Vessel is at higher Security Level;
• Agreements between Contracting Government’s for certain vessels or voyages;
• Security threat or incident
• Interfacing facility is not required to have an approved FSP
• Interfacing vessel is not required to have an approved SSP
Example of a DOS
Implementation of Security Measures

• Security Measures to be taken at all three security Levels
– Performance of all vessel security duties
– Access Control
– Restricted Areas
– Handling Cargo
– Delivering vessel stores and bunkers
– Monitoring and Communication
– Additional measures for cruise ships, passenger vessels, and ferries
• Putting it all into action—an ongoing process
– Defined security duties and responsibilities
– Training, Drills, and Exercises
– Security Challenges
_ Regular communication of security procedures, threats, and concerns
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8.0 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS, DRILLS AND EXERCISES
Contingency Planning: Contingency plans are based on any security incident the
vessel may encounter and are guidelines for the SSO to follow. Each security incident
will merit its own evaluation, and the procedures and measures used will be based on
several factors that only the VSO can decide at the time of the security incident. Any
such actions taken shall always consider the safety of the crew, passengers, and vessel
as priority.
• Action to take in the event of a security incident
– All vessel personnel are familiar with the various types of security incidents
through security training provided by the company, to include the appropriate
communication lines of reporting;
– Any personnel having knowledge of or witnessing a security incident, of any
degree, will immediately notify the SSO or Master with particulars;
– The SSO will notify, without delay, the CSO, and the local designated authority ,
and take instructions as are available for responding to a given security incident;
– The SSO will ensure communication lines are maintained with the above entities
and any other agencies involved in responding to a security incident; Wheelhouse
will immediately be secured;
– The SSO will convene a meeting and brief personnel;
– The SSO will sound alarms as appropriate, to include the SSAS, depending on
the immediacy and severity of the incident.
– Implement measures for various contingency plans, as appropriate;
– Prepare to evacuate all personnel and visitors from the vessel.
– Emergency Contact Information for the following incidents:
– Notification of suspicious activities, persons, or packages;
– Notification of breaches of security;
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Training refers to the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and competencies as a result of

the teaching of vocational or practical skills and knowledge that relates to specific useful
skills
Drill is characterized by an activity that tests, develops, or maintains skills in a single

emergency response procedure by constant repetition.
Frequency: At least once every three months but in case where more than 25 % of
the ship’s personnel has been changed within the last three months, a drill
should be conducted within one week of the change.
Exercise
A manoeuvre or simulated operation involving planning, preparation and execution
carried out for the purpose of training and evaluation; may be combined, joint or single
service To provide with knowledge or training in a particular area or for a particular
purpose.
Frequency
At least once every calendar year with no more
than 18 months between the exercises
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Participants: CSO, PFSO,- Relevant authority of Contracting Government. SSO

Check: - Communications, Co-ordination, Resource availability, Response
Test individual elements of the plan such as:
● Damage to, or destruction of the Ship or Port Facility ( explosive devices,
arson, sabotage or vandalism.)
● Hijacking or seizure of the Ship or personnel on board.
● Tampering with cargo, essential ship equipment or systems or ship’s stores
● Unauthorized access or use, including presence of stowaways.
● Smuggling weapons or equipment, including weapons of mass destruction
● Use of the ship to carry persons intending to cause a security incident, or their
equipment.
● Use of the ship itself as a weapon or as a means to cause damage or
destruction.
● Attacks from seaward while at berth or at anchor.
● Attacks while at sea
Assessment of security drills & exercises:
● Ship Security Officer shall review the drill or exercise at the end of each of them.
● All personnel involved shall give their comments on the effectiveness of the drill
to the Ship Security Officer.
● Ensure that any mistakes made or deficiencies identified are corrected.
MSC.1/Circular.1334 – Piracy and Armed Robbery Against Ships; the
guidance may be suitably incorporated where applicable in the ships
security plan.
The salient features as follows:
The pirates’/robbers’ objective, Reducing the temptation for piracy and armed
robbery, Cash in the ship’s safe robbers. ,Discretion by masters and members of
the crew ,smaller crews , Recommended practices ,The pre-piracy/armed
robbery phase .,Routeing and delaying anchoring ,Practise the implementation of
the ship security plan ,Precautions at anchor or in port . Watch keeping and
vigilance ,Radio watch keeping and responses ,Standard ships’ message formats
,Lighting, Secure areas, Alarms ,Use of distress flares ,Use of defensive
measures ,Use of passive and non-lethal devices ,Firearms, Non-arming of
seafarers ,Use of unarmed security personnel ,Military teams or law enforcement
officers duly authorized by Government ,Pirate/armed robbery vessel in proximity
to, or in contact with, own ship, Pirates/armed robbers start to board ship,
Pirates/armed robbers have succeeded in entering ship .,On leaving
piracy/armed robbery high-risk/high-probability areas , Post-incident follow-up .
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9.0 SECURITY ADMINISTRATION
Duration and validity of International Ship Security Certificate

An International Ship Security Certificate shall be issued for a period specified by
the Administration which shall not exceed five years.
A Certificate issued shall cease to be valid in any of the following cases:

. If the relevant verifications are not completed within the periods specified.
. When a Company assumes the responsibility for the operation of a ship not
previously operated by that Company; and
. Upon transfer of the ship to the flag of another State.
Interim Certification
An interim certificate may be issued for the purposes of
- A Ship without a certificate, on delivery or prior to its entry or re-entry into service.
- Transfer of a Ship from the flag of a Contracting Government to the flag of another
Contracting Government.
- Transfer of a Ship to the flag of a Contracting government from a State which is not a
Contracting Government.
- A company assuming the responsibility for the operation of a Ship not previously
operated by the company.
This Interim certificate is issued only after verification that :
- The Ship security assessment has been completed, copy of the Ship Security Plan is
provided on board, that it has been sent for approval and that is being implemented on
the Ship., The ship is provided with a SSAS {Ship security alert system.},The Company
Security Officer has, Ensured that the plan is being implemented on the Ship.,
Established the necessary arrangements for drills, exercises and internal audits., is
satisfied that the Ship will successfully complete the required verification within 6
months., Arrangements have been made for carrying out the required verifications ,-
The Master, the Ship Security Officer and other Ship’s personnel with specific security
duties are familiar with their duties and responsibilities specified in the Code.,- The Ship
Security Officer meets the requirements of the Code.
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Continuous Synopsis Record

The Continuous Synopsis Record is intended to provide an on-board of the history of
the ship with respect to the information recorded therein.
For ships constructed before 1 July 2004, the CSR shall, at least, provide the history of
the ship as from 1 July 2004. The CSR shall be issued by the Administration to
each ship that is entitled to fly its flag.
Any changes relating to the entries referred to above shall be recorded in the CSR so
as to provide updated and current information together with the history of the changes.
RECORDS:
Records of the following activities shall be kept on board for at least the minimum
period specified by the Administration:
These records may be kept in electronic format, and if so must be protected
against unauthorized deletion, destruction, or amendment
Security-related records will also be kept and protected by the SSO from
unauthorized access or disclosure.
1- Training, drills and exercises

2- Security threats & incidents
3- Breaches of security
4- Change in security level
5- Communications relating to the direct security of the Ship
6- Internal audit and review of security activities.
7- Periodic review of the Ship Security Assessment
8- Periodic review of the Ship Security Plan.
9- Implementation of any amendments to the plan
10- Maintenance, calibration and testing of security equipment and Ship security
alert system
The records shall be kept in the working language or languages of the Ship. If the
language or languages used is not
English, French or Spanish, a translation into one of these languages shall
be included.
Reporting Security Incidents

• Notification of suspicious activities, persons, or packages
• Notification of breaches of security
• Monitoring and Control ;
• Proper administration of the SSP by the SSO and CSO
– Security Inspections and audits
– Records and documentation
– Amendments to the Plan
Security Audits and Inspections/Reporting Nonconformities: The CSO or SSO

must ensure a review of the SSP is performed at least annually, to ensure that the SSP
meets the applicable requirements.
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Unless impracticable due to the size and nature of the company or vessel, personnel
conducting internal audits of the security measures specified in the SSP or evaluating
it’s implementation must:
– Have knowledge of methods for conducting audits and inspections, and
security, control, and monitoring techniques;
– Not have regularly assigned security duties;
– Be independent of any security measures being implemented.
– Change in the company’s or vessel’s ownership or operator
Any non conformities raised must be dealt with as appropriate and may require
– Modifications to the vessel, including but not limited to physical structure,
emergency response procedures, security measures, or operations
– Require amendments of either the SSA or SSP which must be submitted
to the Administration/RSO for review and approval as appropriate
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9. SECURITY TRAINING
The Company Security Officer and appropriate shore-based personnel and the Ship
Security Officer shall have knowledge and receive training.
Shipboard personnel having specific security duties and responsibilities shall have
sufficient knowledge and ability to perform their assigned duties.

Area where knowledge and training may be required
.1. Security administration;
.2. Relevant international conventions, codes and recommendations;
.3. Relevant Government legislation and regulations;
.4. Responsibilities and functions of other security organizations;
.5. Methodology of ship security assessment;
.6. Methods of ship security surveys and inspections;
.7. Ship and port operations and conditions;
.8. Ship and port facility security measures;
.9. Emergency preparedness and response and contingency planning;
.10. Instruction techniques for security training and education, including security
measures and procedures;
.11. Handling sensitive security–related information and security–related
communications;
.12. Knowledge of current security threats and patterns;
.13. Recognition and detection of weapons, dangerous substances and devices;
.14. Recognition, on a non–discriminatory basis, of characteristics and behavioural
patterns of persons who are likely to threaten security;
.15. Techniques used to circumvent security measures;
.16. Security equipment and systems and their operational limitations;
.17. Methods of conducting audits, inspection, control and monitoring;
.18. Methods of physical searches and non-intrusive inspections;
.19. Security drills and exercises, including drills and exercises with port facilities; and
.20. Assessment of security drills and exercises.
Shipboard additional training may be required for Ship security Officer, Relevant
shipboard personnel, and other ship board personnel.
The SSO should have adequate knowledge of, and receive training, in some or all of the
following, as appropriate:
.1. The layout of the ship;
.2. The ship security plan (SSP) and related procedures (including scenario-based
training on how to respond);
.3. Crowd management and control techniques;
.4. Operations of security equipment and systems; and
.5. Testing, calibration and whilst at–sea maintenance of security equipment and
systems.
Shipboard personnel having specific security duties should have sufficient knowledge
and ability to perform their assigned duties, including, as appropriate:
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.1. Knowledge of current security threats and patterns;

.3. Recognition of characteristics and behavioural patterns of persons who are likely to
threaten security;
.4. Techniques used to circumvent security measures;
.5. Crowd management and control techniques;
.6. Security–related communications;
.7. Knowledge of the emergency procedures and contingency plans;
.8. Operations of security equipment and systems;
.9. Testing, calibration and whilst at–sea maintenance of security equipment and
systems;
.10. Inspection, control, and monitoring techniques; and
.11. Methods of physical searches of persons, personal effects, baggage, cargo, and
ship’s stores.
All other shipboard personnel should have sufficient knowledge of and be familiar with
relevant provisions of the SSP, including:
.1. The meaning and the consequential requirements of the different security levels;
.2. Knowledge of the emergency procedures and contingency plans;
.4. Recognition, on a non–discriminatory basis, of characteristics and behavioural
patterns of persons who are likely to threaten security; and
.5. Techniques used to circumvent security measures.
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10.0 ANTI PIRACY
PRIOR TO ENTERING HIGH RISK AREAS
Consider the factors that make:

• a ship & crew open to an attack
• a crew less at risk in a hostage situation
The level of threat of piracy for ships in territorial waters is normally set out in the
ships security plan as a specific security level, however, there will always be local
and geographical variations to the stated level. Various national intelligence services
may possess more detailed local information, provided these areas are of special
interest to that nation’s government. Unfortunately, this type of information and
assessments are normally restricted or classified. Shipowners’ are reliant on the
local knowledge and experience of their own crews, however, they can purchase
assessment reports from specialised private firms.
All ships, regardless of the level of threat in the waters in which they operate,
should have an up to date security plan. The ship security plan should contain
measures to be taken corresponding to the levels of threat which may be
encountered. The number and scope of the measures, including restrictions on
normal shipboard tasks, must be in accordance with the different levels of threat
the security plan is intended to meet. All crew members must be familiar with their
responsibilities as set out in the plan. The measures set out in the plan must also
form part of the training exercises to be undertaken at regular intervals. Crew
members may learn and understand the plan and their respective responsibilities,
but it is only through training exercises that the plan can be properly tested and any
weak points discovered.
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Preparedness
The number of crew involved in security related duties must be adequate in
reflection to the level of threat. Where a high state of alert is maintained over a long
period of time, fatigue is inevitable, especially when sailing in potentially dangerous
areas for days at a time. The ship’s master must take these factors into
consideration and plan accordingly.
General vigilance
When entering waters where pirate attacks are more likely to occur, it is vital to
emphasise to the entire crew the importance of general vigilance. Current threat
assessments for high risks areas and the corresponding level of preparedness
should be the decisive factor as to the number of crew assigned with specific
security duties. However, all crew members should be more vigilant as to possible
threats or suspicious activity, whether on or off duty, and whether the vessel is
anchored or in port. Prior to entering high risk areas the anti-piracy measures
referred to in the security plan should be put in place.
Watch keeping
A watch should be kept on the stern covering radar “blind spots” and night vision
(infrared) binoculars should also be used during hours of darkness when
approaching high risk areas, in addition to constant radar monitoring. The element
of surprise is important to any attackers, and an early detection may very well result
in the attack being aborted. Early detection will also give the ship time to raise the
alarm and prevent the crew from being caught unprepared.
Best Management Practices (Edition – 5)
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HIGH or LOW RISK???
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Self protective measures to detract, deter or delay piracy attack or hijacking
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11.0 PIRATE ATTACK
During a Pirate Attack, a big uncertainty and panic shall grip the Seafarers’ even
though the vessel is well prepared for such an attack. Human behavioural changes
cannot be ruled out, as most of the crew can act differently in dismay and fear.
‘Understanding Human Behavior in Emergencies’ by Odyssey Training Ltd it is stated
that in an emergency:
• Group 1: 60% may do little, or may engage in appropriate behaviours, whilst
awaiting the initiatives of others.
• Group 2: 25% may act rationally, perhaps attacking the threat, closing doors or
warning others.
• Group 3: 15% may be almost totally paralysed by the seriousness of the situation.
The publication then states that the breakdown of Group 2 will be:
• Super-cool 1 – 5 % act on their own initiative in attempting to deal with the
emergency itself
• Super-cool 2 – 10% will warn or instruct others.
• Super-cool 3 – 10% will attempt to look after themselves
How to defend the crew and the ship???

The ships’ crew should act according to the relevant procedures and measures as
provided in the BMP 5 edition and in Ship Security Plan.
On 28 June 2018 a revised Best Management Practice guide (“BMP 5”) was jointly
released by BIMCO, the International Chamber of Shipping, the International Group of
P&I Clubs, INTERTANKO and the Oil Companies International Marine Forum. BMP 5
replaces the previous BMP 4 guidance, which was widely used by the shipping
industry.
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Below is a brief summary of some of the changes:

• The structure of BMP 5 has changed significantly and some of the guidance
previously contained in BMP 4 can now be found in separate documents such as
the Global Counter Piracy Guidance for Companies, Master and Seafarers, which
is a document that can be used in relation to piracy globally.
• In addition to piracy, BMP 5 considers other threats including the use of anti-ship
missiles, sea mines and Water-Borne Improvised Explosive Devises (WBIED).
• The risk assessment under section 3 of BMP 5 includes several issues that must
be considered by companies. These include the requirements of the Flag State,
company, charterer and insurers; an assessment of the threat; co-operation with
military resources; the use of armed guards; the characteristics of the ship and the
applicable procedures of both the ship and company.
• Under section 5, where a citadel is used it must be well constructed with reliable
communications and be supplied with food, water and sanitation. The use of the
citadel must be drilled and the Ship Security Plan must define the conditions and
supporting logistics for its use.
• In relation to the use of Private Maritime Security Companies, BMP 5 provides a
list of the issues which should be considered. BMP 5 also recommends that any
security companies engaged are accredited to ISO28007-1:2015 and highlights
the importance of the Master’s overriding authority.
• The company should have a policy in place to cover situations where there is a
kidnap and ransom of the crew.
• Under section 7, following a hijacking, BMP 5 recommends INTERPOL be
contacted to give advice on the preservation of evidence that could be useful to
law enforcement agents.
• Annex G provides specific guidance to vessels engaged in fishing.
It should be noted that BMP 5 is not a like for like replacement for BMP 4. Members
should therefore carefully consider the content of BMP 5 to determine whether
their ships comply with these new requirements and further consider other
applicable guidance such as Global Counter Piracy Guidance for Companies,
Master and Seafarers.
The release of BMP 5 coincided with the launch of a new

website www.maritimeglobalsecurity.org which provides free security related
guidance, together with access to best practice guides, including BMP5. Links are
provided to other useful maritime security resources which may assist Members to
protect their crews and ships from security threats. The website brings together
several types of security risks to ships including piracy, cyber, migration, stowaways,
smuggling and armed conflicts and war.
The piracy focus page has further information and links to BMP5 and Global Counter
Piracy Guidance for Companies.
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Phone UKMTO / IMB / Regional Response Centre

• Activate emergency procedures
• Everybody to safe muster point / citadel
• Keep Communication Channels open with task forces and local
coordination authorities to update situation periodically
COPING IN A HOSTAGE SITUATION
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Coping in a hostage situation is the biggest challenge any Seafarer could face.
Following should be followed in a hostage situation.
• Keep Calm / cool head
• Do not react violently (or) do not be aggressive
• Obey fully to the orders given by the Pirates
• Have mutual cooperation within crew members, support and motivate others during
a long term captivity
Description of Possible Reactions Learning Points

the situation
• The pirates • Extreme fear, • Sense of immediate physical

act shock and panic vulnerability
aggressively • Fight or flight! • Pay attention to your breathing
• Regain self-control
• Pirates use • Sense of unreality • Remember you are worth more to
fear tactics them alive and in good shape
• Offer no resistance
• Don’t be aggressive
Some seafarers reflections

• ‘It was like being an actor in a play or a horror film…’
• ‘It felt so unreal, yet fear & terror were very real…’
• ‘I was numb with the horror of it all yet I needed to think straight if we were
to survive…’
• ‘I had to do as I was told to do…’
• We were fed once during 24 hours. There were cases when we were not
fed for 3-4 days.’
• ‘Food rationing included some macaroni, rice, wheat flour, beans and tea
that probably even animals would not eat in normal conditions.’
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12.0 THE RELEASE PROCESS
Most of the time, the hostages are released after four to six weeks of negotiation
between the pirates and specialised consultants hired by the companies. Once the
agreement on the ransom is fixed, the ransom is paid by the company itself or, more
commonly, by its insurance company, if the victims are insured for abduction for
ransom.
The process involves several rounds of meetings between the company and the
negotiator until an agreement is reached for the release of hostages.
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13.0 THE SEAFARER’S FAMILY
• What could be the greatest worries or concerns in your family about Piracy?
• What is your own specific responsibility towards your family?
The only thing the Pirates invoke is fear, and to anyone who’s become their victim –
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Many establishments have carried out
extensive research that revealed the long-term impact of sea piracy on seafarers and
their family members.
One of the key findings revealed that 25% of former hostages showed symptoms of
PTSD. This puts the seafarers at risk of poor wellbeing, overall
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Possible Reactions to Family Members during a Crisis

• Confusion, Uncertainty, Worry, Fear, Anxiety, Shock, Anger, Distrust
• Concerns regarding financial situation
• Family strife
• Loss of trust with the company
Involvement
• Need for credible information
• Company Liaison person
• Support during & after incident
• Support organisations
Seafarers should be able to communicate with their families the procedures the
company has in place to protect the vessel and crew from pirates and what would
happen in the unlikely event of the vessel being hijacked.
• Ensure that the family has the correct contact details of the company in the event
of a piracy attack
• Ensure that the company has the up-to-date family contact details and family
liaison representatives details
• Seafarers should know their legal rights and contractual entitlements after a
period of piracy
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Conclusion
• What should I be aware of and what should I be doing in a piracy situation?

• How will this training help me?
• What do I need to tell my family that will help alleviate their concerns?
Recognise that everyone is involved; seafarers, their families, friends & others within
their organisations.
91

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Hindustan Institute of Maritime Training Rev: 03

Title : Security Training for Seafarers with Designated Security Duties

Year : April, 2023

SECURITY TRAINING FOR SEAFARERS WITH DESIGNATED SECURITY DUTIES

No. Topic Page

2 Maritime security Policies 7

4 Ship Security Assessment 18

6 Ship security Plan 37

7 Threat Identification, recognition and response 60

8 Ship security actions 67

9 Emergency preparedness, drills and exercises 69

14 The Release Process 87

15 The Seafarers’ Family 90

Objective of the course:

Al-Qaeda Attacks in USA.

Current security threats & patterns

Piracy and armed robbery against ships

“Piracy consists of any of the following acts:

Worldwide Incidents: as on 3 Dec 2012

Incidents Reported for Somalia:

Current vessels held by Somali pirates:

Multimodal transport (also known as combined transport) is the transportation of goods

2.0 MARITIME SECURITY POLICIES

IMO s response to the incident on Achille Lauro led to:

Adoption: 10 March 1988

The convention obliges Contracting Governments either to extradite or prosecute alleged

The Assembly agreed to hold a diplomatic conference on maritime security in December

AMENDMENTS TO SOLAS 74 AS AMENDED (MSC 76 )

3 - Obligation of Contracting Governments with respect to security.

4 - Requirements for Companies and Ships.

5 - Specific responsibilities of Companies.

6. Ship security alert system

8 - Master’s discretion for Ship safety & security.

9 - Control & Compliance Measures.

10 - Requirements for Port Facilities.

11 - Alternative security agreements.

12 - Equivalent security arrangements.

The ISPS Code has two Parts:

The main elements of the ISPS code are

The ISPS Code

Having assessed the threat to security, the government of a country, or a Designated

The three security levels are as follows:

2005 Protocol to the SUA Convention

ILO/IMO Code of practice on security in ports

The Djibouti Code of Conduct (Resolution 1)

Security Related Information

Obligations of Contracting Governments with respect to security (SOLAS)

Responsibilities of Contracting Governments

Contracting Governments may delegate to a recognized security organization certain of their

Recognized Security Organizations

When authorizing an RSO, Contracting Governments should give consideration to the

Requirements for Companies and Ships

Specific responsibility of Companies

Obligations of the Company

Requirements for port facilities

Port facility security

Ship security officer

Company security officer

2. Ensuring that ship security assessments are carried out;

Port facility security officer

4.0 SHIP SECURITY ASSESSMENT

SHIP SECURITY ASSESSMENT (SSA)