Sedc Refresher

REVIEW INNOVATIONS
NOVEMBER 2022 CE BOARD EXAM REFRESHER TUZON 7

INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer A. 271 C. 290
for each of the following questions. Mark B. 131 D. 113
only one answer for each item by shading
the box corresponding to the letter of 5. Determine the expected dragline
production in loose cubic meter (LCM)
your choice on the answer sheet provided.
per hour based on the following
STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED. GOOD LUCK. information:
Soil swell op = 25%
NOTE: A times B is represented by A×B Job efficiency = 50 min/h
or A*B. A raised to the power n Material = common earth
is expressed as A^n. All problems Average depth of cut = 2.4 m
are 1 point each. Swing angle = 120°
Dragline size = 1.53 m^3
Situation 1. The basic data for Hint:
proportioning trial batches for Expected production = Ideal output x
normal weight concrete with an Swing-depth factor x Efficiency
average compressive strength of 35
A. 217 C.165
MPa at 28 days are as follows: B. 271 D.156
Slump = 75 mm to 100 mm 6. Estimate the production in loose cubic

yards per hour for a medium-weight
Water-Cement ratio by weight = 0.48 clamshell excavating loose earth.
Specific gravity of cement = 3.15 Heaped bucket capacity is 0.75 m^3. The
Specific gravity of coarse soil is common earth with a bucket fill
aggregate = 2.68 factor of 0.95. Estimated cycle time is
Specific gravity of fine aggregate 40 s. Job efficiency is estimated at 50
min/h.
= 2.64
A. 53 C. 75
Water (net mixing) = 180 kg/m^3 B. 35 D. 57
Entrapped air = 1%
Concrete unit weight = 23.6 kN/m^3 7. A wheel tractor-scraper weighing 91 t is
being operated on a haul road with a
1. What is the total solid volume of tire penetration of (5 cm). What is the
water, cement, coarse aggregate and total resistance (kg) and effective
entrapped air, if the dry weight of grade when the scraper is ascending a
coarse aggregate is 10.1 kN/m^3? slope of 5%?
A. 0.38 C.0.12 Hint:
B. 0.24 D.0.69 Rolling resistance factor (kg/t) = 20 +
2. For 10 m^3 of concrete, how much 6 x cm penetration
Grade resistance factor (kg/t)
cement (kN) is needed?
= 10 * grade (%)
A. 57.1 C.36.8
Grade resistance (kg)
B. 18.4 D.9.8
= Vehicle weight (t) * Grade resistance
3. If the combined solid volume of factor (kg/t)
cement, water, coarse aggregate and Effective grade (%) =
entrapped air is 0.55 m^3, what 𝑹𝒐𝒍𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒇𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓 (𝒌𝒈/𝒕)
weight (kN) of dry sand is Grade (%) +
𝟏𝟎
required?
A. 13.0 C.25.9 A. 9100,10% C. 9100,0%
B. 16.4 D.11.6 B. 4550,10% D. 4550,0%
8. A crawler tractor weighing (36 t) is

4. Find the expected production in loose towing a rubber-tired scraper
cubic meter (LCM) per hour of a 2.3 m^3 weighing (45.5 t) up a grade of 4%.
hydraulic shovel equipped with a front-
dump bucket. The material is common
What is the total resistance (kg) of
earth with a bucket fill factor of 1.0. the combination if the rolling
The average angle of swing is 75° and resistance factor is 50 kg/t?
job efficiency is 0.80 Hint:
Hint: Grade resistance factor (kg/t)
Production(LCY/h) or (LCM/h) = = 10 * grade (%)
C x S x V x B x E Grade resistance (kg)
where = Vehicle weight (t) * Grade resistance
C = cycles/h (Table 6) factor (kg/t)
S = swing factor (Table 6) Rolling resistance = Rolling resistance
V = heaped bucket volume (LCY or LCM) factor * Weight (kg)
B = bucket fill factor (Table 2) A. 3355 C. 2275
E = job efficiency B. 5535 D. 3260
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9. A four-wheel-drive tractor weighs C. Dusting
20,000 kg and produces a maximum rimpull D. Spalling
of 18,160 kg at sea level. The tractor 16. Bringing of a concrete surface to
is being operated at an altitude of 3050 true grade with enough mortar to
m on wet earth. A pull of 10,000 kg is produce the desired finish.
required to move the tractor and its A. Floating
load. Can the tractor perform under B. Screeding
these conditions? C. Leveling
Hint: D. Troweling
𝑨𝒍𝒕𝒊𝒕𝒖𝒅𝒆(𝒎)−𝟗𝟏𝟓 17. The surface of newly placed concrete
Derating Factor (%) = is struck off by moving a straightedge
𝟏𝟎𝟐
back and forth with a sawlike motion
across the top of the forms and screeds.
Maximum usable pull = Coefficient of A. Floating
traction x Weight on drivers B. Screeding
C. Leveling
A. The tractor can perform under these D. Troweling
conditions
B. The tractor cannot perform under 18. Is done on slabs that are to be left
these conditions as limited by the exposed or to receive thin finishes,
altitude such as resilient flooring, carpet,
C. The tractor cannot perform under tile, or paint
these conditions as limited by the A. Floating
traction B. Screeding
D. All of the above C. Finishing
D. Troweling
10. ________ is the process of bringing 19. Constitute that portion of the written
earthwork to the desired shape and requirements for a building
elevation. construction project that are contained
A. Ground modification in the divisions of a project manual.
C. Trimming A. Construction plans
B. Grading B. Contract
D. Earthworks C. Specifications
D. Shop Drawings
11. The process of giving natural soils 20. The process of increasing the density
enough abrasive resistance and shear of a soil by mechanically forcing the
strength to accommodate traffic or soil particles closer together, thereby
design loads expelling air from the void spaces in
A. Ground modification the soil.
B. Trimming A. Consolidation
C. Grading B. Compaction
D. Earthworks C. Tamping
D. Contraction
12. The process of bringing each roadway
layer to its final grade. 21. An increase in soil density of a
A. Ground modification cohesive soil resulting from the
B. Trimming expulsion of water from the soil’s
C. Grading void spaces.
D. Earthworks A. Consolidation
B. Compaction
13. _____is the breaking away of the C. Tamping
hardened concrete surface of a slab to D. Contraction
a depth of about 1.6 to 4.8 mm. It
usually occurs at an early age of the 22. It occurs as concrete hardens, being
slab. greater in wet mixes. Curing helps to
A. Scaling limit effects and therefore concrete in
B. Crazing the actual structure should be
C. Dusting thoroughly and continuously moistened
D. Spalling for some considerable period after
placing.
14. _____is the occurrence of numerous fine A. Moisture content
hair cracks in the surface of a newly B. Concrete
hardened slab to surface shrinkage. C. Shrinkage
A. Scaling D. Compaction
B. Crazing
C. Dusting 23. _______is pneumatically placed
D. Spalling concrete, used primarily for swimming
15. ______is the appearance of a powdery pools and other in ground and above
material on the surface of a newly hardened ground free form structures and for
concrete slab repairing damage concrete.
A. Scaling A. Shotcrete
B. Crazing B. Pumpcrete

C. Tremie
D. Slip forming
24. ______is the process of removing air

voids in concrete as it is placed.
A. Consolidation
B. Compaction
C. Tamping
D. Contraction
25. Primary causes of poor concrete

performance:
I. Excessive Slump
II. Consequent Bleeding
III. Incorrect aggregate sizing
IV. Segregation
V. Weather Condition
A. II,III and IV only
B. I,II and V only
C. I,II and IV only
D. All of the above
26. Slumps for concrete should not be:

A. less than 25 mm or more than 100 mm.
B. less than 50 mm or more than 100 mm.
C. less than 15 mm or more than 60 mm.
D. less than 30 mm or more than 75 mm.

REVIEW INNOVATIONS
NOVEMBER 2022 CE BOARD EXAM REFRESHER ALVAREZ 1
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer 5. the axial force in member DE, in kN
for each of the following questions. Mark A. 14, T C. 17.5, T
only one answer for each item by shading B. 14, C D. 17.5, C
the box corresponding to the letter of
6. the axial force in member FG, in kN.
A. 46, T C. 28.3, T
STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED. GOOD LUCK. B. 46, C D. 28.3, C
NOTE: A times B is represented by A×B Situation 3. Three cables are used to

or A*B. A raised to the power n tether a balloon as shown in the
is expressed as A^n. All problems figure. Knowing that the balloon
are 1 point each. exerts a 1000 N vertical force and the
wind exerts a 100 N force along
Situation 1. As shown in the figure, a positive x-direction both acting at
weight W hangs from two wires each with point A.
cross-sectional area of 113 mm2. If θ Y
= 30° and α = 45°,
A B A
C α
θ
8 m
D
W
B 5 m
X
C
1. Find the largest weight, W (kN), that 2.5 m
can be carried by the wires if the
Z
maximum stress in the wires is not to
exceed 124 MPa.
A. 19.14 C. 16.91 7. Which of the following most nearly
B. 15.62 D. 22.04 gives the force at cable AB, in N?
A. 247.67 C. 458.97
2. If the weight W = 25 kN, what is the B. 294.84 D. 436.35
resulting stress in wire AC (MPa)?
A. 161.96 C. 198.35 8. Which of the following most nearly
B. 114.52 D. 158.28 gives the force at cable AD, in N?
A. 247.67 C. 546.39
3. If the weight W = 25 kN, determine the B. 436.35 D. 294.84
required cross-sectional area (sq. mm)
of the wires so that the max stress 9. Which of the following most nearly
does not exceed 124 MPa. gives the force at cable AC, in N?
A. 148 C. 105 A. 294.84 C. 458.97
B. 181 D. 127 B. 546.39 D. 247.67
Situation 2. Diagonals BE, CD, DG, and EF Situation 4. A right-angled rigid pipe is
of the truss shown in the figure can fixed to a wall at A and is
resist tension only. Find the additionally supported through the
following: cable CD as shown in the figure. The
tension in the cable is 3 kN.
4. the axial force in member BC, in kN

A. 104.6, T C. 94, T
B. 104.6, C D. 94, C

10. Neglecting the weight of the pipe,
which of the following most nearly
gives the largest shear force (in kN)
on the pipe’s cross section?
A. 3.00 C. 2.71
B. 1.28 D. 2.97

gives the maximum bending moment (in
kN-m) at A?
A. 2.71 C. 4.88
B. 3.47 D. 2.31

gives the maximum twisting moment (in
kN-m) about x-axis?
A. 1.90 C. 0.53
B. 0.84 D. 0.79
Situation 5. A load of 6 kN is supported as

shown in the figure. The weight of the
pulley is 2 kN. Neglect the weight of
the bars.
0.75 m
B C D
3 m 6 kN
750 N/m
0.5 m 2 m 2 m 2.5 m
13. Which of the following most nearly

gives the reaction at D, in kN?
A. 8.49 C. 12.62
B. 10.0 D. 15.00
14. Which of the following gives the

reaction at C, in kN?
A. 29.65 C. 24.16
B. 37.61 D. 33.40

gives the angle that the reaction at C
makes with the horizontal?
A. 19.68° C. 16.18°
B. 24.81° D. 22.85°

REVIEW INNOVATIONS
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer 4. What is the maximum sag (in m) at the
for each of the following questions. Mark lowest point of the cable which occurs
only one answer for each item by shading at mid length if the allowable tensile
the box corresponding to the letter of load in the cable is 2550 kN?
A. 0.87 C. 1.15
B. 0.77 D. 1.30
STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED. GOOD LUCK.
5. The sag of the cable at mid-length is
NOTE: A times B is represented by A×B 3 m. Find the maximum axial stress (in
or A*B. A raised to the power n MPa) if the cable diameter is 75 mm.
is expressed as A^n. All problems A. 177 C. 44
are 1 point each. B. 252 D. 225
Situation 1. As shown in the figure, a bin 6. The sag of the cable at mid length is
holds three cylinders, each weighing 2 m. If the allowable tensile load in
1200 N. The diameter of each cylinder the cable is 2000 kN, how much
is 600 mm. Assume frictionless additional load (in kN/m) can the
surfaces. cable carry?
A. 8.81 C. 15.3
B. 2.31 D. 6.50
Situation 3. As shown in the figure, a

force P acting at an angle of 45º from
the x-axis along the x-y plane,
prevents the pole weighing 375 N from
falling. The pole leans against a
frictionless wall at A.
Given: x = 3.15 m, y = 4 m, z = 3.15 m
y
P
45º
1. Which of the following gives the force A
(N) at point A?
A. 1,384 C. 1,200
B. 693 D. 600
y
2. Which of the following gives the force
(N) at point D?
A. 1,039 C. 0
B. 346 D. 693
3. Which of the following gives the force x

(N) at point G?
A. 1,296 C. 2,400 z
B. 1,800 D. 1,200
x B
Situation 2. The water supply pipe shown in
the figure is suspended from a cable
z
using a series of close and equally
spaced hangers. The length of the pipe
supported by the cable is 60 m. The 7. Determine the value of P, in N.
total weight of the pipe filled with A. 82.61 C. 116.82
water is 6.5 kN/m. B. 165.2 D. 233.63
8. Determine the reaction at the wall at

60 m A, in N.
A B A. 82.61 C. 116.82
B. 165.2 D. 233.63
9. Determine the vertical reaction at B,

in N.
A. 314.07 C. 209.80
B. 292.40 D. 314.87
W = 6.5 kN/m
Situation 4. The upper block is attached to
the ground as shown in the figure by a
short rope. The coefficient of
friction between the blocks is 0.30
while the angle of friction between
the lower block and the horizontal
ground is 25.
360 N
P
940 N
30
10. Determine the tension in the rope, in

N, when the lower block is about to
move.
A. 150.8 C. 162.2
B. 156.4 D. 168.8
11. Determine friction force, in N, under

the 940 N block when it is about to
move.
A. 641.4 C. 762.2
B. 689.4 D. 737.6
12. Determine the horizontal force P, in

N, required to initiate motion.
A. 714 C. 762
B. 732 D. 772
Situation 5. The figure shows a pellet

about to be fired from a sling. The
total unstretched length of the rubber
band is 80 mm. The rubber band
elongates 1 mm for every 15 N force.
Given: a = 100 mm b = 40 mm
Figure MEC-105
13. As the pellet is about to be released,
how much is the total elongation, in
mm, of the rubber band?
A. 102 C. 204
B. 62 D. 124
14. What is the force (N) exerted on each

leg of the rubber band?
A. 765 C. 930
B. 1,080 D. 1,530
15. What is the pulling force (N)?

A. 1,860 C. 1,824
B. 2,115 D. 912

REVIEW INNOVATIONS
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for 4. If cable AB is 0.60 m long, determine
each of the following questions. Mark only the force in cable AB, in N.
one answer for each item by shading the box A. 179 C. 208
corresponding to the letter of your choice B. 192 D. 215
on the answer sheet provided. STRICTLY NO
ERASURES ALLOWED. GOOD LUCK. 5. Determine the force in spring AC, in
N.
NOTE: A times B is represented by A×B or A. 110 C. 130
A*B. A raised to the power n is B. 120 D. 140
expressed as A^n. All problems are 1
point each. 6. Find the unstretched length of spring
AC, in m.
Situation 1. The 1.8-m diameter circular A. 0.85 C. 0.90
plate shown in the figure is supported B. 0.75 D. 0.80
by equally spaced posts along its
circumference. A load P = 1150 kN is Situation 3. A vertical load of W is
placed at a distance x = 0.45 m from supported by the tripod shown in the
post A. figure.
y W
B
A
2.4 m
r
P 60°
A O x
60° D
C
r
1.8 m O
x 1.35 m
C 1.8 m 0.9 m
TOP VIEW B
1. Neglecting the weight of the plate,

what is the reaction at post A, in kN? 7. Which of the following is the most
A. 834.2 C. 191.7 stressed leg(s)?
B. 766.7 D. 194.6 A. AD C. AB
B. AC D. AB and AD
2. Neglecting the weight of the plate,
what is the reaction at post B, in kN? 8. If the capacity of each leg is 25 kN,
A. 766.7 C. 194.6 what is the safe value of W, in kN?
B. 834.2 D. 191.7 A. 54.48 C. 59.76
B. 57.47 D. 63.21
3. Considering the weight of the plate,
what is the reaction at C, in kN? The 9. Determine the axial force on leg AD,
plate is 45 mm thick, and the unit in kN, if the maximum safe value of W
weight of steel is 77 kN/m3. is applied.
A. 194.6 C. 834.2 A. 25.00 C. 23.40
B. 191.7 D. 766.7 B. 22.49 D. 21.33
Situation 2. As shown in the figure, a load Situation 4. A fink roof truss is used for
P is supported by a cable AB and a a residential building and loaded as
spring AC. When P = 240 N, the angle shown in the figure
 is 60. Consider k = 500 N/m for the
spring:
1.20 m
B  C

10. If P = 85 kN, find the force in member
BC (kN), neglecting H1, H2, and H3.
A. 143.4 C. 144.3
B. 134.4 D. 133.4
11. When H1 = 11 kN, H2 = 16 kN, and H3 =

27 kN, find the reaction of the roller
at A (kN) if P = 0.
A. 32.8 C. 23.8
B. 38.2 D. 28.3
12. When H1 = 11 kN, H2 = 16 kN, and H3 =

27 kN, find the vertical reaction at G
(kN) if P = 0.
A. 13.84 C. 14.83
B. 18.43 D. 13.48
Situation 5. The figure shown is a portable

seat subjected to a load W = 2100 kN
and is braced by a cable FG.
Coefficient of friction at D and E is
0.20.
Given: H1 = 0.50 m x = 0.90 m

H2 = 0.25 m x1 = 0.60 m
H3 = 0.25 m x2 = 0.45 m
W
x1
A C
H1
B
H2
F G
H3
D E
x2 x2
x
13. Determine the reaction at C, in kN.

A. 700 C. 2,100
B. 1,050 D. 1,400
14. Determine the tensile force in cable

FG, in kN.
A. 3,500 C. 3,220
B. 4,060 D. 4,340
15. Determine the reaction at D, in kN.

A. 1,400 C. 700
B. 1,428 D. 714

REVIEW INNOVATIONS
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for 6. Determine the tension (N) in the cord
each of the following questions. Mark only CD.
one answer for each item by shading the box A. 43.5 C. 117.6
corresponding to the letter of your choice B. 124.8 D. 204.6
on the answer sheet provided. STRICTLY NO
ERASURES ALLOWED. GOOD LUCK. Situation 3. As shown in the figure, the
mast hinged at B was used to lift the
NOTE: A times B is represented by A×B or load W. Neglect the weight of the mast.
A*B. A raised to the power n is
expressed as A^n. All problems are 1 Given: x1 = 8 m x2 = 4 m H = 9 m
point each.
C
Situation 1. To stiffen the footbridge in
the figure, a short post BD supported
by a steel cable ADC is added. The
maximum tension in the cable is 2 kN.
W H
A C
B
0.9 m
A B
D x1 x2
2.7 m 2.7 m
7. What is the resultant force (in kN) at
1. What is the maximum weight W, in kN, B if W = 24 kN?
of a person can the footbridge carry? A. 36.0 C. 39.4
A. 0.632 C. 1.897 B. 20.0 D. 16.0
B. 1.264 D. 3.795
8. What is the tensile force (in kN) in
2. If W = 800 N, what is the resulting the cable AC if W = 48 kN?
force, in N, in the post BD? A. 20.0 C. 22.3
A. 800 C. 632 B. 87.3 D. 40.0
B. 400 D. 1265
9. What is the biggest load W (in kN) that
3. If the area of the cable is 113 mm2, can be lifted if the maximum tensile
how much is the resulting elongation force in the cable AC is 50 kN and the
of the steel cable due to the maximum mast weighs 8 kN?
tension of 2 kN. Use E = 200,000 MPa. A. 64.0 C. 60.0
A. 0.252 C. 0.126 B. 50.0 D. 56.0
B. 0.504 D. 0.214
Situation 4. The cylindrical tank shown in
Situation 2. The quarter circular plate is the figure has a diameter D = 1.4 m and
subjected to forces as shown in the height H = 3 m. The tank weighs 1500
figure. If the plate weighs 50 kg, and N. If θ =
assuming equilibrium, 60º,
P
4. Determine the reaction (N) in the

ball-and-socket joint at A.
A. 333.3 C. 581.4 A
B
B. 373.2 D. 541.5
D
5. Determine the reaction (N) in the
roller at B. 10. Determine the value of P, in kN, so
A. 333.3 C. 581.4 that the tank is on the verge of
B. 373.2 D. 541.5 tipping over about point A if the tank
is full of water.
A. 12.08 C. 10.14
B. 15.32 D. 9.85
11. Calculate the smallest coefficient of

static friction that would allow
tipping over about A if the tank is
full of water.
A. 0.215 C. 0.125
B. 0.166 D. 0.324
12. If P = 7.5 kN, calculate the depth of

water in the tank, in m, if the tank
is at the verge of tipping over about
point A.
A. 2.116 C. 1.542
B. 1.825 D. 1.249
Situation 5. A prestressed concrete beam

350 mm x 450 mm in cross section has a
simple span of 10 m.
Stresses due to external loads:

Compression = 4.88 MPa
Tension = 4.88 MPa
Stresses due to prestressing force:
Compression = 3.46 MPa
Tension = 0.72 MPa
Unit weight of concrete = 24 kN/m3
13. Determine the stress at the bottom

fiber, in MPa.
A. 4.16 C. 8.34
B. 1.42 D. 5.60
14. Determine the maximum additional

external moment, in kN-m, if the
allowable tensile stress is zero. Loss
of stress = 20%.
A. 24.95 C. 57.65
B. 32.70 D. 16.77
15. Determine the superimposed uniform

load, in kN/m, if the allowable
tensile stress is 2 MPa and the
allowable compressive stress is 4.0
MPa. Loss of stress = 20%.
A. 0.726 C. 4.324
B. 0.544 D. 4.506

REVIEW INNOVATIONS
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for A. 390 C. 440
each of the following questions. Mark only B. 360 D. 410
one answer for each item by shading the box
corresponding to the letter of your choice 5. Determine the tension (in N) developed
on the answer sheet provided. STRICTLY NO in wire CD used to support the 50-kg
ERASURES ALLOWED. GOOD LUCK. chandelier.
A. 340 C. 360
NOTE: A times B is represented by A×B or B. 390 D. 310
A*B. A raised to the power n is
expressed as A^n. All problems are 1 6. Determine the tension (in N) developed
point each. in wire BC used to support the 50-kg
chandelier.
Situation 1. The hook is subjected to three A. 210 C. 250
forces P, Q and S as shown. B. 230 D. 280
Given: P = 35 kN Q = 45 kN Situation 3. A three-hinged arc is shown in

the figure.
y S
20 kN
C
7.6 m
α
P = 35 kN x
9 m 25 m
60° 8 kN
6 m
A B
Q = 45 kN
23 m 25 m
1. Determine the angle α such that the
resultant of the three forces is 80 kN
acting horizontally to the right. 7. Which of the following most nearly
A. 22.85° C. 24.98° gives the reaction at the right
B. 21.78° D. 23.12° support, in kN?
A. 7.22 C. 16.29
2. If angle α = 60°, find the magnitude B. 5.89 D. 4.17
of the force S, in kN, such that the
resultant force is horizontal to the 8. Which of the following most nearly
right. gives the reaction at the left
A. 48 C. 42 support, in kN?
B. 51 D. 45 A. 16.29 C. 5.89
B. 4.17 D. 7.22
3. Find the magnitude of the force S such
that the three forces are in 9. Which of the following gives the
equilibrium. reaction at the internal hinge, in kN?
A. 43.87 C. 45.98 A. 7.22 C. 16.29
B. 40.93 D. 38.65 B. 5.89 D. 4.17
Situation 2. From the figure shown: Situation 4. For the steel truss shown,
the cross-sectional area of each
member is 1200 mm2.
A
30° C B
B 45° 30°
D
D
6m
4m
A F
4m C 3m E 3m
4. Determine the tension (in N) developed
in wire BD used to support the 50-kg
chandelier. 100 kN 200 kN

10. The stress in member DF is nearest to:
A. 132 MPa (T) C. 188 MPa (C)
B. 188 MPa (T) D. 132 MPa (C)
11. The strain in member CE is nearest to:

A. 0.00056 C. 0.00073
B. 0.00062 D. 0.00045
12. The deformation in member BD is

nearest to:
A. 1.11 mm C. 1.33 mm
B. 1.22 mm D. 1.44 mm
Situation 5. A two-member frame in the

figure is loaded as shown.
3 kN/m
8 kN
B C
m
1.5 m
2 m 2 m
13. The y-component of the reaction at B

(in kN) is nearest to:
A. 15 C. 8
B. 3 D. 12
14. The magnitude of the reaction at A (kN)

is nearest to:
A. 15 C. 14
B. 13 D. 12
15. If member BC is 40 mm wide × 140 mm

deep, the maximum compressive stress
(MPa) in the member BC is nearest to:
A. 11.5 C. 13.0
B. 12.8 D. 14.1

REVIEW INNOVATIONS
NOVEMBER 2022 CE BOARD EXAM REFRESHER MONTALBAN 1
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer 6. Determine the best angle θ (degrees)
for each of the following questions. Mark if shear strength of the glue is 50%
only one answer for each item by shading higher than the tensile strength.
A. 33.69 C. 67.38
your choice on the answer sheet provided. B. 56.32 D. 28.16
Situation 3. A steel cable is used to
NOTE: A times B is represented by A×B lift a load W.
or A*B. A raised to the power n
is expressed as A^n. All problems Given:
are 1 point each.
W(total load including weight of cable) =
175 kN
Situation 1. A wooden log is to be used as
a foot bridge to span a 2m. gap. The log is Properties of steel cable
to support a concentrated load of 27 kN.
Allowable shear stress = 1.2 MPa. Diameter = 30mm ; Length = 12mm ; Modulus
Allowable bending stress = 6.3 MPa. of Elasticity = 200 GPa
7. Find the elongation (mm) of the cable

1. What is the diameter of the log needed as it lifts the load W.
for a maximum shear? A. 0.015 C. 0.035
B. 0.012 D. 0.025
A. 140 C. 300
B. 200 D. 250 8. What is the resulting strain in the
cable as it lifts the load W?
2. Find the diameter of the log needed so
A. 1.00x10^-3 C. 2.08x10^-3
that the allowable bending stress is
B. 1.25x10^-3 D. 2.92x10^-3
not exceeded.
A. 260 C. 280 9. Due to a very heavy load, the steel

B. 300 D. 180
cable breaks. The recorded diameter of
3. A 150 wide rectangular log is to be failure is 27.5mm. Calculate the
used instead of the circular log. What ductility (%) of the material.
is the required minimum depth of the A. 84 C. 19
log so as not to exceed the allowable B. 16 D. 81
bending stress?
A. 290 C. 300
Situation 4. A submersible weighing
B. 250 D. 270
65.2 kN with a volume of 3.4 m^3 was
lowered to a depth of 648 m. The
Situation 2. Two wooden members are
submersible was lowered at the end of
glued together as shown in Figure STR- a straight vertical hollow steel
001. The resulting member is subjected cable having an area of 452 mm^2 with
to a uniaxial tensile stress of 6 MPa. the other end positioned at 2 m above
sea level. Use specific gravity of
water of 1.03. Neglect the effect of
buoyancy on the cable.
10. Determine the stress at the bottom

of the hollow steel cable, in MPa.
A. 144.25 C. 68.25
B. 81.52 D. 86.23
4. Calculate the tensile stress (MPa) in 11. Determine the stress at the top of
the glued section if θ = 50°. the cable, in MPa. Consider weight of
A. 1.18 C. 2.48 steel is 7850 kg/m^3.
B. 3.52 D. 0.52 A. 121.5 C. 133.8
B. 127.6 D. 118.3
5. Calculate the shear stress (MPa) in
the glued section if θ = 50°. 12. Determine the total elongation of the
cable in mm.
A. 2.48 C. 1.95
A. 252 C. 412
B. 2.95 D. 1.45
B. 384 D. 303

Situation 5. A standard weight pipe
column is subjected to the following
loads:
Axial Load = 450 kN
Moment = 35 kN-m
Given:
Column Properties
Area = 5419 mm^2
Moment of Inertia = 30x10^6
Outside Diameter = 219mm
Inside Diameter = 202mm
13. Calculate the maximum compressive

stress in the column.
A. 211 C. 83
B. 128 D. 45
14. Calculate the maximum tensile

stress in the column.
A. 128 C. 83
B. 45 D. 211
15. The design requires that there

should be no tensile stress in the pipe
column due to the loads. How much
should be the pipe outside diameter
(mm) if the available thickness is
8mm.
A. 300 C. 318
B. 310 D. 327
16. When a material has to support a

load for a long period of time, what
causes it to continue to deform until
a sudden fracture occurs?
A. Plasticity C. Creep
B. Fatigue D. Yielding
17. When a material is subjected to

repeated cycles of stress or strain,
what causes its structure to breakdown
ultimately leading to fracture?
18. In what condition is a material

when it breaks down and deforms
permanently even due to slight
increase in stress above the elastic
limit?
Psalms 37:4
Delight yourself in the Lord, and He
will give you the desires of your heart.

REVIEW INNOVATIONS
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer 5. Find the force(kN) in strut BC if the
for each of the following questions. Mark load W is 3.6kN.
only one answer for each item by shading A. 3.5 C. 4.8
the box corresponding to the letter of B. 8.5 D. 6.0
your choice on the answer sheet provided. 6. What is the minimum required bolt
STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED. GOOD LUCK. diameter(mm) at A, if the load W is
3.6kN? Apply a factor of safety of 2?
NOTE: A times B is represented by A×B A. 25 C. 16
B. 12 D. 20
is expressed as A^n. All problems Situation 3. Refer to RC-8. Details of a
are 1 point each. beam with negative moment at the column
support is shown.
Situation 1. A steel tank has a
diameter of 3.5m and wall thickness of Given:
6mm. The tank is 4m high. BxH = 300mmx600mm
1. Determine the maximum height to which As = 3 of 25 mm diameter bars spaced
the tank may be filled with water if the at 80mm O.C.
allowable stress is 5 MPa. fc’ = 28 MPa
A. 1.75 C. 1.30 fyl = 414 MPa (for main bars)
fyv = 275 MPa (for ties)
B. 3.50 D. 0.60
Ties = 12mm diameter ties spaced at
200mm O.C.
2. The steel tank is subjected to an Clear concrete cover = 40 mm.
internal pressure of 0.5 MPa. Find the
The column support is large enough to
allowable bursting force (kN) per unit
provide a side cover of more than 65mm,
length.
normal to the plane of the hook. No
A. 175 C. 350 confinement from ties or stirrups
B. 550 D. 481 within the joint. Use ψt =1.3, ψc = 0.7, ψe =
ψs = ψr = 1.0 and K tr = 0.
3. The stress is limited to 12 MPa. Find
the allowable internal pressure (MPa). 7. Which of the following most nearly gives
the required development length,𝒍𝒅 (mm)
A. 0.062 C. 0.028 of bars if anchored straight?
B. 0.041 D. 0.082
A. 1,445 C. 925
B. 1,112 D. 1565
Situation 2. Refer to Fig.STCNM 10.010
8. Which of the following most nearly gives
Given:
the required development length,𝒍𝒅𝒉 (mm)
Dimensions of bars if anchored using a standard 90 0
L1 = 1.8m hook?
L2 = 1.2m
A. 219 C. 329
L3 = 1.8m
B. 380 D. 412
Rigid Bar AD = 100mm wide x 12mm thk
Strut BC = 80mm wide x 10mm thk
Allowable shear stress = 60 MPa
the total length(mm) of bar embedded in
the column support if anchored using a
standard 900 hook?
A. 629 C. 729
B. 667 D. 557
Situation 4. Refer to Fig.STCNM 10.020

The angle bracket supports beam A. The
bracket is bolted to the flange of the
supporting column with 2-20mm diameter
bolts. The load from Beam A = 60kN.
Fig.STCNM 10.010 Assume that the load is concentrically
4. What is the allowable load, W(kN), if applied at the connection.
the allowable compressive stress in Given:
strut BC is 82 MPa? Bracket = 75x75x12mm thk, L = 155mm
A. 46.4 C. 27.8 Thickness of Column Flange = 15mm
B. 39.3 D. 65.6 Thickness of Beam Flange = 10mm

18. A Lateral Displacement of one level

relative to the level above or below is
called ______.
A. Story drift
B. Eccentricity
C. Story displacement
D. Offset
Fig.STCNM 10.020
10. Find the critical bolt bearing stress

(MPa).
A. 150 C. 100
B. 125 D. 250
11. Find the critical bolt shear stress
(MPa).
A. 169.8 C. 382.0
B. 265.2 D. 95.5
12. Find the bearing pressure (MPa) in the
bracket.
A. 2.6 C. 5.4
B. 1.8 D. 4.0
Situation 5. A temporary earth

retaining wall consists of planks
driven vertically into the ground. The
wall is designed to resist 2.4m height
of soil.
Given:
Plank Dimension: 300mm wide x 75mm thk
Plank allowable stresses:
Bending = 10.4 MPa
Shear = 0.8 MPa
Unit weight of soil = 17.3 kN/m^3
Active earth pressure coefficient
Ka=1/3

maximum flexural stress?
A. 141.7 C. 14.2
B. 47.24 D. 42.5
14. Find the maximum shear stress.
A. 0.99 C. 1.11
B. 3.32 D. 0.33
15. What should be the thickness (mm) of the

planks to prevent failure?
A. 95 C. 155
B. 35 D. 90
16. It is the distance between the Center

of Rigidity and Center of Mass.
A. Offset
B. Story drift
C. Story displacement
D. Eccentricity
17. It is the point through which the
resultant of the resistance to the
applied lateral force acts.
James 1:5
A. Center of Gravity “If any of you lacks wisdom, he
B. Center of Pressure should ask God, who gives
C. Center of Rigidity generously to all without finding
D. Center of Mass fault, and it will be given to
him.”


REVIEW INNOVATIONS
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer angles and the structural tee is
for each of the following questions. Mark satisfactory.
only one answer for each item by shading Allowable Bolt Shear = 117 MPa
the box corresponding to the letter of Allowable Tensile Stress = 150 MPa
Allowable Bearing Stress = 480 MPa
NOTE: A times B is represented by A×B

is expressed as A^n. All problems
are 1 point each.
Situation 1. The beam in the figure below

is fabricated by attaching a C180x14.6
channel to a W250x17.9 shape with 15-
mm-dia rivets at uniform spacing “s”.
The maximum shear force in the beam is
65 kN.
Given properties:
C180x14.6:
A = 1850 mm^2
d=178 mm
Xcg= 13.8 mm
Iy = 0.405x10^6 mm^4
tw = 5.3 mm; tf = 9.3 mm
W250x17.9:
A = 2270 mm^2
d = 251 mm 4. Find the value of P by shear and
Ix = 22.4x10^6 mm^4 tension.
tw = 4.8 mm; tf = 5.3 mm A. 230 kN C. 295 kN
B. 287 kN D. 491 kN
5. Find the value of P by bearing.

A. 960 kN C. 768 kN
B. 1280 kN D. 1185 kN
6. What is the diameter of the bolt if

P=360kN?
A. 10mm C. 28mm
B. 22mm D. 33mm
Situation 3. Given the following:

Dimensions of the signage, b x c = 2.4
1. Find the maximum allowable spacing x 1.0 m
(mm) of the rivets if the working Offset distance from the pole center,
stress for a rivet is 100 MPa in shear. a = 0.4 m
A. 140 C. 180 Signage distance from the ground. h=8m
B. 160 D. 200 The wind force acting on the signage
only is equal to 4Kn.
2. What is the corresponding maximum Diameter of Pole = 150mm
bearing stress (MPa) exerted by the
rivets?
A. 222 C. 245
B. 127 D. 186
3. If the rivets are spaced 100 mm on

centers, calculate the resulting
bearing stress (MPa) in the members
connected.
A. 150 C. 138
B. 144 D. 132
Situation 2. A tension member made up of a

pair of angles is connected as shown
with a 4-25 mm bolts in standard holes.
All structural steel is A 36. Assuming
that the connections between the
7. Determine the shearing of the pole at 16. The ability of the material to deform
the base due to bending alone in MPa. under tensile stress.
A. 0.226 C. 0.339 A. Malleability C. Toughness
B. 0.302 D. 0.874 B. Ductility D. Resilience
8. Determine the bending stress of the 17. The ability of the material to absorb
pole in MPa. energy and plastically deform without
A. 102.61 C. 316.35 fracturing.
B. 96.58 D. 432.34 A. Malleability C. Toughness
B. Ductility D. Resilience
9. Determine the torsional stress of the
pole in MPa. 18. The ability of the material to absorb
A. 8.76 C. 6.59 energy when it is deformed elastically
B. 7.24 D. 9.66 and release that energy upon loading.
A. Malleability C. Toughness
Situation 4. A 7-m beam is simply supported B. Ductility D. Resilience
and has 2-m over hang to the right, a
uniformly distributed dead load of 5
kN/m is imposed and a moving wheel of
50 kN and 20 kN that are 3m apart.
10. Determine the maximum reaction of the

left support.
A. 68.5 kN C. 80.5 kN
B. 77.5 kN D. 82.5 kN
11. Determine the maximum negative shear

at midspan.
A. 26 kN C. 28 kN
B. 27 kN D. 29 kN
12. Determine the maximum positive shear

at midspan
A. 22 kN C. 24 kN
B. 23 kN D. 25 kN
Situation 5. From the figure shown, the

shaft is subjected at its junction
with a concentrated torque. Consider
the length of steel to be 1-meter long.

gives the ratio of the length of steel
to the length of bronze such that the
allowable stress in each material is
reached simultaneously?
A. 0.843 C. 1.284
B. 1.186 D. 0.779

gives the reaction at the left end if
the maximum torque is applied to the
shaft, in kN-m.
A. 1.96 C. 3.41
B. 2.38 D. 4.97

gives the angle of twist at the
interface of the two materials, in
degrees.
A. 0.04 C. 0.09
B. 2.21 D. 5.59

REVIEW INNOVATIONS
NOVEMBER 2022 CE BOARD EXAM REFRESHER DELA CRUZ F 1
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer 5. Calculate the normal stress (MPa) at
for each of the following questions. Mark the root of the threads.
only one answer for each item by shading A. 101.3 C. 99.5
the box corresponding to the letter of B. 84.7 D. 92.3
6. Find the compressive stress (MPa) at
STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED. GOOD LUCK. the head as the bolt bears on the
surface to resist tensile load.
NOTE: A times B is represented by A×B A. 71.0 C. 84.9
or A*B. A raised to the power n B. 40.3 D. 31.7
are 1 point each. Situation 3. A pin connected circular arch
supports a load as shown below.
Situation 1. The cross section shown in the
figure is 50 x 200 mm and point A is
40 mm above the center of the beam.
Assume P = 90 kN load acts at the
centroid of the cross section.
7. Neglecting the weights of the members,

compute the bending moment that act on
the cross section at line 1.
A. 1.78 kN.m C. 2.26 kN.m
B. 2.19 kN.m D. 1.83 kN.m
1. Compute the normal stress at point A
in MPA. 8. What is the shear force that act on
A. 56.12 C. 4.50 the cross section at line 1?
B. 60.62 D. 32.40 A. 3.66 kN C. 6.23 kN
B. 5.11 kN D. 9.84 kN
2. Compute the shearing stress at point A
in MPa. 9. What is the axial force that act on
A. 9.82 C. 7.79 the cross section at line 1?
B. 39.28 D. 9.00 A. 1.404 kN C. 1.366 kN
B. 1.847 kN D. 1.623 kN
3. Calculate the principal stresses
direction in degrees from x-y plane Situation 4. A WF 360 x 382 is simply
that makes with the horizontal. supppported at A and is hinged at
A. 19.28 C. 17.96 B.Column AC is 300 mm square solid
B. 8.98 D. 9.64 section.
Properties of W360x382
Situation 2. From the figure shown, Bf = 406mm
D = 416 mm
Ix = 1410 x 10^6 mm^4
Iy = 536 x 10^6 mm^4
10. Find the allowable uniform load (w)

that can be applied if the allowable
4. Calculate the tensile stress (MPa) in flexural stress is 165 MPa?
the body of the bolt. A. 112.1 kN/m C. 248.6 kN/m
A. 83.7 C. 84.8 B. 250.7 kN/m D. 139.8 kN/m
B. 40.3 D. 70.5

NOVEMBER 2022 CE BOARD EXAM REFRESHER DELA CRUZ F 1
11. Find the bolt diameter at B if it is
in double shear. Allowable shear
stress is 130 MPa.
A. 50 mm C. 70 mm
B. 60 mm D. 80 mm
12. Find the bearing stress of plate at A

if the size is 200 x 250.
A. 22.37 MPa C. 29.08 MPa
B. 16.50 MPa D. 34.81 MPa
Situation 5. A rectangular tubular column

has the following properties:
Nominal width along the x-axis = 100mm
Nominal depth along the y-axis = 200mm
Wall Thickness = 12 mm
Area = 6,710 mm^2
Sx = 308,076 mm^3
Sy = 201,560 mm^3

radius of gyration (mm) of the section
about the y-axis?
A. 77.5 C. 54.8
B. 47.9 D. 38.8

maximum tensile stress in MPa in the
column given the following?
Axial load, P = 320 kN
Eccentricity of Load P, about the x-
axis = 125 mm
Eccentricity of Load P, about the y-
axis = 75mm
A. 248.9 C. 201.2
B. 276.4 D. 228.7
15. Find the maximum load, P, based on the

allowable compressive stress of 108
MPa given the following:
Eccentricity of Load P, about the x-
axis = 100mm
Eccentricity of Load P, about the y-
axis = 50 mm
A. 724.7 C. 149.6
B. 254.9 D. 615.2

REVIEW INNOVATIONS
NOVEMBER 2022 CE BOARD EXAM REFRESHER POLICARPIO 5
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer Situation: Refer to Figure. Given
for each of the following questions. Mark S = 2 m; H = 3 m
only one answer for each item by shading P1 = P2 = P3 = 14 kN

are 1 point each.
Situation: The force P is acting along the Section of Diagonal Members

centroidal axis of the welds at a distance 2 angles 75 mm × 75 mm × 6 mm Area =
“a” from the weld (L2). Do not include end 1,858 mm2
turns.
rx = 23.6 mm ry = 34.0 mm
Properties of vertical member:
2 angles 75 mm x 75 mm x 8 mm thick
Area of 2 angles = 2290 mm2 4. What is the reaction (kN) at A?
Fy = 248 MPa Fu = 400 MPa A. 7 C. 21
Allowable tensile stress based on gross area B. 28 D. 14
= 0.6Fy 5. What is the stress (kN) in member
Allowable tensile stress based on net area = GD?
0.5Fu A. 4.0 C. 8.4
Properties of the fillet weld: B. 14.0 D. 7.0
Allowable weld shear stress = 0.3Fu 6. Calculate the allowable load (kN) in
Fu = 414 MPa
member GD. Use NSCP for(Fa)
Weld thickness = 8 mm
A. 82.0 C. 44.0
B. 164 D. 79.0
Situation: A hollow circular steel column

is supported on a steel base plate and a
concrete pedestal. Column ends are hinged
and sidesway is prevented.
Given:
Column axial load = 780 kN Column inside
diameter = 250 mm
Allowable column compressive stress = 55
MPa
Allowable concrete bearing stress = 10 MPa
7. Calculate the critical slenderness ratio

of the column if its thickness is 10 mm
and a height of 3 m.
A. 32.6 C. 84.9
B. 23.6 D. 48.9
8. Find the minimum required thickness (mm)
1. Which of the following gives the maximum of the column.
tensile force P based on tension in the A. 16 C. 14
of the angles? Use U = 0.85 B. 18 D. 20
A. 341 kN C. 682 kN 9. What is the safe diameter (mm) of the base
B. 389 kN D. 778 kN plate?
2. If L1 = 50 mm and L2 = 130 mm, which of A. 280 C. 340
the following gives the allowable load P B. 320 D. 300
based on shear in the weld?
A. 253 kN C. 127 kN Situation: A simply supported steel beam
B. 167 kN D. 118 kN spans 9 m. It carries a uniformly distributed
load of 10 kN/m, beam weight already
3. If P = 270 kN, which of the following included.
gives the required length of weld at the Beam (wide flange) properties:
right (L2), so that each fillet weld is Area = 8530 mm2
equally stressed in shear? Depth = 306 mm
A. 280 mm C. 320 mm Flange Width = 204 mm
B. 140 mm D. 300 mm Flange Thickness = 8.5 mm
Moment of Inertia, Ix = 145 x 106 mm4
Modulus of elasticity, E = 200 GPa

10. What is the maximum flexural stress in

the beam?
A. 106.8 MPa C. 111.2 MPa
B. 101.3 MPa D. 118.5 MPa
11. To prevent excessive deflection, the
beam is propped at mid span using a pipe
column. Find the resulting axial stress
in the column. Outside diameter = 200 mm,
thickness = 10 mm, height = 4 m.
A. 9.4 MPa C. 5.2 MPa
B. 7.8 MPa D. 6.6 MPa
12. How much is the maximum bending stress
in the propped beam?
A. 22.0 MPa C. 26.7 MPa
B. 19.8 MPa D. 33.8 MPa
Situation: A column is built-up from 4 –

300mm x 16mm plates, welded to form a box
section having a width of 300mm along the x-
axis and a depth of 332mm along y-axis.
Unbraced column length with respect to
lateral bucking about the x-axis is 12m. With
respect to lateral bucking about the y-axis,
the column is braced at third points so that
the unbraced length is 4m. Assume pinned ends
for both axes. Sidesway is prevented.
13. Compute the effective slenderness ratio

with respect to the x-axis.
A. 127.45 C. 94.16
B. 117.66 D. 34.00
14. Compute the effective slenderness ratio
with respect to y-axis.
A. 94.16 C. 34.00
B. 117.66 D. 127.45
15. Compute the bucking stress of the
column.
A. 431 MPa C. 138 MPa
B. 381 MPa D. 223 MPa

REVIEW INNOVATIONS
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer Situation: An 8-m long steel column is
for each of the following questions. Mark pinned at the top and fixed at the
only one answer for each item by shading bottom. The column is provided with
the box corresponding to the letter of lateral support at mid height in the weak
your choice on the answer sheet provided. direction. The Euler critical load is
STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED. GOOD LUCK.  2 EI
Pc =
NOTE: A times B is represented by A×B (kL) 2
or A*B. A raised to the power n The properties of the column section:
is expressed as A^n. All problems k = effective
are 1 point each. length factor
Ix = 178.1 x 106 mm4 k = 1.0 when both
Situation: The diagonal at the left of ends are pinned
the connection is a double angle 90 mm x Iy = 18.8 x 106 mm4 k = 0.5 when both
90 mm x 8 mm, with area of 2700 sq mm, ends are fixed
bolted to the 8 mm thick gusset plate. A = 8129 mm2
k = 0.7 when one end is fixed and other
end is pinned
4. What is the critical effective

slenderness ratio of the column?
A. 38 C. 54
B. 83 D. 58
5. Calculate the critical load Pc in kN?
A. 11210 C. 4733
B. 5493 D. 2319
6. Determine the minimum length of the
column for which the Euler’s formula
is valid if the proportional limit of
the steel used is 320 MPa.
PDimensions: A. 11.7m C. 3.8m
S1 = 50 mm S2 = 35 mm B. 7.6m D. 10.8m
S3 = 50 mm S4 = 40 mm
Bolt diameter = 16 mm Situation: A double-angle tension member
Bolt hole diameter = 18 mm (2Ls 89mm x 76mm x 9.5mm with LL back-
Bolt shear strength, Fv = 68 MPa to-back, Ag = 2955 mm2) is welded to a
Steel plate strength and stresses are as 9.5-mm thick gusset plate. All
follows: structural steel is A36 with Fy = 248 MPa
Yield strength, Fy = 248 MPa and Fu = 400 MPa. The length L1 is 76
Ultimate strength, Fu = 400 MPa mm, the length L2 is 152 mm.
Allowable tensile stress on the gross
area = 0.6Fy Allowable stresses:
Allowable tensile Stress on the net area Tension on gross area, Ft =0.60Fy
= 0.5Fu Tension on net area, Ft = 0.50Fu
Allowable shear stress on the net area Shear on net area, Fv = 0.30 Fu
= 0.3Fu
Bolt bearing capacity, Fp = 1.2Fu
1. Calculate the allowable tensile load
P (kN) based on bolt capacity in shear.
A. 150 C. 164
B. 41 D. 82
P (kN) based on bolt bearing capacity.
A. 207 C. 368
B. 184 D. 414
P (kN) based on block shear strength of 7. Determine the tensile load capacity P
the double angle. based on tension-gross area (in kN).
A. 254 C. 136 A. 1182 C. 591
B. 170 D. 272 B. 439 D. 879

8. Determine the tensile load capacity P 13. Which of the following gives the
based on tension-effective net area maximum bending stress (MPa) in beam
using a strength reduction BF?
coefficient of 85% (in kN). A. 217 C. 248
A. 373 C. 591 B. 145 D. 98
B. 502 D. 1004 14. Lateral supports are to be
9. Determine the tensile load capacity provided. Find the biggest distance
P based on block shear in the gusset (m) between lateral supports so that
plate along the perimeter of the the maximum allowable flexural stress
welds (in kN). can be utilized.
A. 416 C. 445 A. 1 C. 3
B. 429 D. 858 B. 2 D. 4
15. What is the permissible flexural
Situation: A simply supported W 350 x 90 stress (MPa) if the compression
girder, 8m long carries three equal flange of the beam is laterally
concentrated load P’s positioned at supported only at midspan? Cb = 1.0
quarter points. The beam also A. 117 C. 130
carries a uniform dead load of 5 kN/m ( B. 126 D. 142
including its own weight) and
live load of 7.2kN/m. Use Fy = 250 MPa
and E = 200 GPa.
Properties of W 350 x 90
d = 350 mm Ix = 266.4 x 106 mm4
tw = 10 mm Q@N.A = 813455 mm3
bf = 250 mm rx = 152 mm
tf = 16.5 mm A = 11,500 mm2
w = 91 kg/m Iy = 44.54 x 106 m
rx = 68.58 mm Sy = 350 x 103 mm3
ry = 62.10 mm Sx = 1510 x 103 mm3
Allowable stresses:
Flexure, Fb = 0.66Fy
Shear, Fv = 0.40Fy
Allowable deflection = L/360
10. Determine the value of P based on

flexure.
A. 48.5 C. 67.8
B. 23.4 D. 37.8 kN
shear.
A. 200 C. 154
B. 178 D. 185
deflection.
A. 28.9 C. 21.0
B. 26.5 D. 32.8
Situation: Refer to Fig. Given

S = 2 m; H = 3 m
P1 = P2 = P3 = 14 kN
Situation: - Refer to figure: Given:

S = 3 m L = 10 m
Superimposed dead load = 6.0 kPa Live
load = 4.8 kPa
Properties of beam BF:
Section = W 468 mm x 97 kg/m Areas, A
= 12,324 mm2
d = 465 mm, bf = 193 mm, tf = 19 mm, tw
= 11 mm
Ix = 445x106 mm4 Iy = 23x106 mm4 Yield
strength = 344 MPa rt = 50 mm
Considering bending about x-axis.

REVIEW INNOVATIONS
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer centers. The beams are simply supported
for each of the following questions. Mark over a span of 25 m. The loads on each
only one answer for each item by shading beam are as follows:
the box corresponding to the letter of Dead load = 12 kN/m (including weight
your choice on the answer sheet provided. of beam and deck)
STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED. GOOD LUCK. Wheel live loads:
Front wheel = 18 kN
NOTE: A times B is represented by A×B Rear wheel = 72 kN
or A*B. A raised to the power n Wheel base = 4.3 m
are 1 point each. 15
 30%
Impact factor = L + 37 ,
Situation: Given: P = 360 kN a =
where L = length in m.
0.20 m b = 0.50 m Allowable weld
Properties of W 850 x 185:
stress = 93 MPa
A = 23.750 mm2 tw = 15 mm
d = 850mm Ix = 2662 x 106 mm4
bf = 290 mm Iy = 81.52 x 106 mm4
tf = 20 mm
4. Calculate the maximum bending stress

in the beam due to dead load.
A. 123 MPa C. 92 MPa
B. 107 MPa D. 98 MPa
5. Calculate the maximum bending stress
in the beam due to live load plus
weld
impact
s
A. 79 MPa C. 68 MPa
1. Calculate the average vertical force
B. 62 MPa D. 56 MPa
per unit length (N/mm) assuming that 6. Calculate the maximum average
distance “a” is zero.
web shear stress in the beam due to
A. 720 C. 180
live load plus impact
B. 540 D. 360
A. 7.6 MPa C. 9.1 MPa
2. Calculate the resultant force per unit
B. 8.5 MPa D.12.4 MPa
length (N/mm) of the eccentric load
P. The beam, W410 mm × 67 kg/m, with 9mm
A. 1220 C. 864
web thickness subjects the girder, W530
B. 936 D. 1765
mm × 109 kg/m with 12 mm web thickness
3. If the resultant force per unit length
to a shear load, P (kN). 2L – 90 mm × 90
of weld is 750 N/mm, find the required
mm × 6 mm with bolts frame the beam to
weld thickness (mm). the girder.
A. 10 C. 12 Given:
B. 9 D. 11
S1 = 40 mm
S2 = 40 mm
S3 = 80 mm
S4 = 110 mm
S5 = 40mm
Allowable Stresses are as follows:

Bolt shear stress, Fv = 120 MPa
Bolt bearing stress, Fp = 480 MPa
Situation: The deck of a bridge consist
of ribbed metal deck with 100 mm
concrete slab on top. The
superstructure supporting the deck is
made of wide flange steel beams
strengthened by cover plate 16 mm x 260
mm, one at the top and one at the
bottom, and are spaced 1.2 m on
7. Determine the allowable load, P (kN), Situation: A W12x78 bridge crane runaway
based on the shear capacity of the 4 – girder is on a simple span of 6m. Assume
25 mm diameter bolts (4 – d1). that the crane wheel imparts a vertical
A. 471 C. 235 load of 100 kN and a lateral load of 10
B. 182 D. 365 kN, applied at the top flange of the
8. Calculate the allowable load, P (kN), girder. A standard 0.4kN/m rail will be
based on bolt bearing stress on the web used. Determine the following:
of the beam. Properties of W21x78:
A. 380 C. 210 d = 300 mm bf = 200 mm
B. 432 D. 760 Ix = 191.73x106 mm4 Iy = 35.07x106 mm4
9. If P = 250 kN at an eccentricity, e = w = 1. 32 kN/m
50 mm determine the tensile stress (MPa)
on the critical bolt of the 8 – 22 mm 13. Bending stress about the x-axis.
diameter bolts (8 – d2). A. 83.32 MPa C. 123.4 MPa
A. 98 C. 148 B. 89.40 MPa D. 85.98 MPa
B. 74 D. 62 14. Bending stress about the y-axis.
A. 42.8 MPa C. 171 MPa
Situation: An 8 m propped cantilever B. 85.5 MPa D. 64.1 MPa
beam supports a uniformly distributed 15. Interaction value. If Fbx = 0.6Fy and
service dead load (including its own Fby= 0.75Fy
weight) of 15 kN/m. A. 1.06 C. 1.75
Properties of beam (Wide flange): B. 1.29 D. 1.0
A = 19226 mm2 d = 540 mm
bf = 312 mm tf = 20 mm
tw = 12 mm
Sx = 3.72 x 106 mm3
Sy = 0.66 x 106 mm3
Zx = 4.14 x 106 mm3
Zy = 1.01 x 106 mm3
Ix = 1.00 x 109 mm3
Fy = 248 MPa
E = 200 GPa
10. Calculate the maximum uniformly

distributed service live load that the
beam can support considering flexure in
the beam only. Assume that the beam is
compact and lateral-torsional buckling
is not critical. Use 1.2D+1.6L and
resistance factor (flexure): b = 0.9
A. 30 kN/m C. 60 kN/m
B. 90 kN/m D. 120 kN/m
beam can support considering shear in
the beam only. Use 1.2D+1.6L
and resistance factor (shear): v =
1.0
A. 67 kN/m C. 93 kN/m
B. 109 kN/m D. 81 kN/m

beam can support considering
deflection of the beam only if maximum
allowable deflection is L/360.
A. 130 kN/m C. 145 kN/m
B. 165 kN/m D. 185 kN/m

REVIEW INNOVATIONS
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer Properties of the channel:
for each of the following questions. Mark Sx = 6.19 x 104 mm3; Sy = 1.38 x 104 mm3
only one answer for each item by shading Fbx = Fby = 207 MPA
your choice on the answer sheet provided. Assume all loads pass through the
STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED. GOOD LUCK. centroid of the section. Neglect the
weight of the purlin.
or A*B. A raised to the power n For D + L + W, a one third increase in
is expressed as A^n. All problems allowable stresses is allowed.
are 1 point each.
4. What is the safe purlin spacing (m)
Situation: Refer to Figure. The butt due to D + L if sag rod are not used?
connection shows 8 – 22 mm diameter A. 1.0 C. 1.2
A325 bolts spaced as follows: B. 0.8 D. 0.6
S1 = 40 mm; S2 = 80 mm 5. What is the maximum spacing (m) of
S3 = 50 mm; S4 = 100 mm purlins due to loads D,L and W at the
Thickness of plates: leeward side?
t1 = 16 mm; t2 = 12 mm A. 1.4 C. 1.0
Steel strength and stresses are: B. 0.8 D. 1.2
Yield strength, Fy = 248 MPa 6. How much is the safe spacing (m) of
Ultimate strength, Fu = 400 MPa purlins due to loads D, L and W at the
Allowable tensile stress on the gross windward side?
area = 0.6Fy A. 1.2 C. 1.0
Allowable tensile stress on the net B. 0.7 D. 1.4
area = 0.5Fu
Allowable shear stress on the net area Situation: A rectangular tubular column
= 0.3Fu has the following properties:
Allowable bolt shear stress, Nominal width along the x-axis = 100 mm
Fv = 120 MPa Nominal depth along the y-axis = 200 mm
Calculate the allowable tensile load, T Wall thickness = 12 mm
(kN), under the following Area = 6710 mm2
conditions: Sx = 308076 mm3
1. Based on the gross area of the Sy = 201560 mm3
plate.
A. 571 C. 762 7. Which of the following gives the
B. 381 D. 286 radius of gyration (mm) of the section
2. Based on the net area of the plate. about the y-axis?
A. 528 C. 264 A. 77.5 C. 47.9
B. 352 D. 432 B. 38.8 D. 54.8
3. Based on block shear strength. 8. Which of the following gives the
A. 230 C. 480 maximum tensile stress (MPa) in the
B. 307 D. 608 column given the following:
Axial load, P = 320 kN
Eccentricity of load, P, about the x-
axis = 125 mm
Eccentricity of load, P, about the y-
axis = 75 mm
A. 201.2 C. 276.4
B. 228.7 D. 248.9
9. Find the maximum load, P (kN), based
on an allowable compressive stress of
108 MPa given the following:
Eccentricity of load, P, about the x-
axis = 100 mm
Situation: Steel channels are used as Eccentricity of load, P, about the y-
purlins and simply supported on roof axis = 50 mm
trusses 6 m apart. Roof slope, lV:4H. A. 724.7 C. 615.2
Superimposed roof dead load, D = 720 Pa; B. 149.6 D. 254.9
Roof live load, L = 1000 Pa; Wind
pressure, W= 1440 Pa; wind pressure
coefficients: 0.18 pressure at the
windward side; 0.6 suction at the leeward
side.
Situation: A steel beam is simply Light-grade steel channel was used a
supported on a span of 12 meters. purlin of a truss spaced at 1.0m on
Given: center. After some tests, it was
Section: W410 mm x 100 kg/m determined that the stresses acting on
Area = 12710 mm2 the major and minor axis are as
Depth = 410 mm follows: fbx = 114 MPa fby = 110 MPa.
Flange width = 260 mm
Flange thickness = 17 mm 13. If one line of 10mm diameter sag-
Web thickness = 10 mm rods were used, determine the resulting
Moment of inertia about x-axis = stress (MPa)in the x-axis.
397x106 mm4 A. 114 C. 57.0
Moment of inertia about y-axis = B. 28.5 D. 80.8
49x106 mm4 14. If one line of 10mm diameter sag-
E = 200000 MPa rods were used, determine the resulting
Zx = 2.13x106 mm3 stress (MPa)about the y-axis.
Zy = 0.58x106 mm3 A. 110 C. 55.0
Load causing bending about the x-axis: B. 27.5 D. 90.8
Dead load (including beam weight) = 12 15. Instead of using sag rods, the
kN/m spacing was reduced to 0.8m. Determine
Live load at midspan = P kN the resulting stress (MPa) about the y-
axis.
10. Determine the load P (kN)based on A. 110 C. 88.0
the design flexural strength of the B. 22.0 D. 137.5
beam, Mu:
Given:
Resistance factor for flexure = 0.9
Factored load combination = U =1.2D
+1.6L
A. 134.8 C. 83.8
B. 52.4 D. 99.1
11. Determine the load P (kN) based on
the design shear strength of the beam,
Vu.
Factored shear stress = 0.6Fy
Resistance factor for shear = 1.0
A. 971 C. 953
B. 762 D. 1061
12. A service load, the allowable
midspan deflection due to live load =
1/360 of the span. Determine P (kN)
based on the allowable deflection.
A. 134.5 C. 88.2
B. 73.5 D. 80.8

November 2022 Refresher – Pantino 1 Review Innovations
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each of the following questions.
GOOD LUCK.
Situation 1. A prestressed pile 15m long is to be lifted by two cables.
1. Find the distance (m) from both ends of the pile must each cable be placed
in order that shear in the pile is a minimum.
A. 4.39 C. 2.75
B. 3.75 D. 3.11
2. Find the distance (m) from both ends of the pile must each cable be placed
in order that the bending moment in the pile is a minimum.
A. 3.11 C. 3.75
B. 4.39 D. 2.75
3. With one end of the pile resting on the ground, at what distance (m) from
the other end of the pile must the cable be placed in order that the bending
moment in the pile is a minimum.
A. 2.75 C. 3.75
B. 3.11 D. 4.39
Situation 2. A footing supports a 250 mm thick concrete wall.

Given:
Allowable Soil Bearing Pressure = 192 kPa
Thickness of Footing = 350 mm
Concrete, fc’ = 27.5 MPa
Steel, fy = 415 MPa
4. The footing is subjected to a moment of 112 kN-m and a total vertical load
of 280 kN. Find the minimum width (m) of the footing to prevent uplift.
A. 2.7 C. 1.0
B. 1.4 D. 2.4
5. Given:
Resisting Moment, Mr = 430 kN-m
Overturning Moment, Mot = 250 kN-m
Total Vertical Load = 270 kN
Find the minimum width (m) of the footing to prevent uplift.
A. 4.1 C. 2.9
B. 1.4 D. 2.0
6. Given:
Footing Width = 3.0 m
Resisting Moment, Mr = 500 kN-m
Overturning Moment, Mot = 260 kN-m
Total Vertical Load = 323 kN
Which of the following gives the maximum soil bearing pressure (kPa)?
A. 290 C. 268
B. 179 D. 319
Situation 3. A 3.5 m cantilever beam is reinforced with 3-28 mmØ tension bars.
Concrete covering to centroid of reinforcement is 65 mm at top and bottom
of the section. The beam has a total depth of 450 mm and width of 300 mm.
fc’=21 MPa, fy=415 MPa and pb = 0.02161.
Use U = 1.2D + 1.6L and refer to RC-8.
7. Determine the nominal flexural strength of the section.
A. 200 kN-m C. 240 kN-m
B. 220 kN-m D. 260 kN-m
8. Determine the ultimate moment capacity of the section.

A. 180 KN-m C. 216 KN-m
B. 161 KN-m D. 193 KN-m
9. Determine the allowable concentrated service liveload located at the free

end the beam could support if it already carries a total factored uniform
load 15kN/m.
A. 22 KN C. 35 KN
B. 18 KN D. 28 KN
Manila:https://www.facebook.com/ReviewInnovationsOfficial Davao: https://www.facebook.com/reviewinnovations.davaobranch

For sections in which the net tensile strain ε t , is between the limits for compression‐
controlled and tension‐controlled sections, φ shall be permitted to be linearly increased
from that for compression‐controlled sections to 0.90 as ε t increases from the
compression‐controlled strain limit to 0.005.
RC-8
Situation 4. Details of a rectangular column are as follows:

Column width along the x-axis = 250mm
Column depth along the y-axis = 600mm
Reinforcement: 8 of 25mm diameter bars distributed equally along the longer
sides 10mm diameter ties spaced at 100mm on centers. Use fc’ = 20.7 MPa
and f = 415 MPa. Assume that the compression steel yields and neglect the
y
effect of displaced concrete.
10. Which of the following gives the location of the plastic centroid (mm)
along the geometric centroidal x-axis from the geometric centroidal y-axis?
A. 0 C. 100
B. 200 D. 125
11. Which of the following gives the nominal balanced load, Pb (kN)? The depth
of the rectangular concrete compressive stress block, a = 90.4mm.
A. 2584 C. 954
B. 2028 D.1320
12. Which of the following gives the nominal axial load (kN) that the column
can carry at an eccentricity of 200mm along the x-axis from the centroidal
y-axis?
A. 1320 C. 795
B. 398 D. 1584
Situation 5. Refer to Figure MS-002. A billboard 2 m high x 4 m wide is

supported on each end by a pin jointed assembly (bracing not shown for
simplification). Total weight of billboard is 28 kN.
Given:
H = 1 m Angle ϕ = 60 deg.
Wind pressure, a = 1.62
Wind pressure coefficient, c = 1.2
13. What is the vertical reaction (kN) at A?

A. 9.52 C. 4.76
B. 18.48 D. 9.24
14. What is the vertical reaction (kN) at C?

A. 9.52 C. 4.76
B. 18.48 D. 9.24
15. Determine the normal stress (MPa) in strut AB with cross sectional dimension
6 mm X 50 mm.
A. 16 C. 62
B. 32 D. 28
Figure MS-002

INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer

for each of the following questions. GOOD
RC-04
LUCK. SHEAR AND MOMENT COEFFICIENTS
Positive Moment
Situation 1. The barge shown in the End spans:
Figure SAM 10.06, supports the load w1 Discontinuous end
and w2. For this problem, w1 = 250 unrestrained .................................................... wuln²/11
kN/m, w2 = 500 kN/m, L1 = 2 m, L2 = 4
m, L3 = 2 m. Discontinuous end integral
with support .................................................... wuln²/14
Interior spans .......................................................... wuln²/16
Negative Moment at exterior face of first interior support

Two spans ...................................................... wuln²/9
More than two spans ...................................... wuln²/10
Negative Moment at other faces of

interior supports ............................................. wuln²/11
1. What is the length of the barge “L” Negative Moment at interior face of exterior supports for
(m) so that the upward pressure “q” members built integrally with supports
is uniform? Where support is a spandrel beam .................. wuln²/24
A. 8 C. 10 When support is a column ............................... wuln²/16
B. 9 D. 12
2. Determine the location (m) of the Shear in end members at face of first
interior support ............................................... 1.15 wuln/2
maximum moment from the left end.
Shear at face of all other
A. 3.33 C. 7.14 supports .......................................................... wuln/2
B. 6.00 D. 5.44
3. Determine the location (m) of point Note: ln = clear span for positive moment or shear and
of inflection measured from the left average of adjacent clear spans for negative moment
end.
A. 3.33 C. 7.14
B. 6.00 D. 5.44
Situation 2. Refer to Figure SAM 10.029

and Figure RC-4. Beam DEF is supported
by spandrel beams at the exterior
edges and by a column at E. The
torsional resistance of beams ADG and
CFI are not sufficient to restrain
beam DEF at D and at F.
Given:
For all beams, bxh = 300mmx450mm
For all columns, Figure SAM 10.029
section = 400mmx400mm
L1 = 8m Situation 3. Refer to CBM 10.10 and
L2 = 7m Figure RC-5.
S = 2.5m Given:
Dead load, wu = 6.0 kN/m h1 = 100 mm
(all weights included) h2 = 400 mm
Live load, wu = 4.6 kN/m b = 350 mm
4. Which of the following gives the a = 45 mm
critical negative moment (kN-m) for As’ = 4 of 20 mm diameter bars
beam DEF? As = 8 of 20 mm diameter bars
A. 68.9 C. 60.2 ds = 10 mm diameter
B. 42.4 D. 38.8 Concrete compressive strength,
fc’= 34 MPa
5. Which of the following gives the Longitudinal steel yield strength,
critical positive moment (kN-m) for fyl = 415 MPa
beam DEF? Lateral ties yield strength,
A. 44.3 C. 49.3 fyv = 275 MPa
B. 38.8 D. 56.4 Clear concrete cover = 40 mm
6. Determine the critical shear force 7. Calculate the shear strength (kN)
(kN) for beam DEF. provided by the concrete.
A. 43.6 C. 40.5 A. 131 C. 93
B. 46.6 D. 48.8 B. 157 D. 144

Situation 4. A 400x400mm concrete column

8. The 10 mm diameter stirrups are
is to carry axial service loads of 730
spaced at 100 mm on center. What is kN dead load and 480 kN live load.. fc’
the shear strength (kN) provided by = 21 MPa and fy = 415 MPa. It is to be
the shear reinforcement? reinforced with 20 mm Ø vertical bars.
A. 181 C. 151 Use U = 1.2D + 1.6L. NSCP states that Ast
B. 174 D. 169 must not be less than 1% nor greater
9. What is the maximum allowable tie than 8% of the gross concrete area.
spacing (mm)? 10. Which of the following most nearly gives
A. 325 C. 300 factored axial load.
B. 340 D. 375 A. 1,840 kN C. 3,295 kN
B. 1,644 kN D. 3,980 kN
the required area of vertical bars in
mm2, following NSCP requirements?
A. 1,080 C. 1,190
B. 770 D. 1,600
the required numbers of vertical
reinforcing bars if it is to be
distributed equally on all sides?
A. 4 C. 6
B. 8 D. 12
CBM 10.10
Figure RC-5 Situation 5. SA-2 and SAM-10.03

A. Shear strength of a section Given: L1 = L2 = L3 = 8.0 m
1. Vn  Vu Vu = factored shear force S1 = 3.0 m S2 = 2.5 m
Vn = nominal shear strength Total dead load = 4.6 kPa (beam weight
included)
2. Vn  Vc  Vs Vc = shear strength provided by Live load = 1.9 kPa
concrete The interior beam IJKL is to be
Vs = shear strength provided by shear analyzed for the maximum forces at
reinforcement ultimate condition. U = 1.2D + 1.6L.
Av f yv d
  0.66 f c 'bw d
s 13. Which of the following gives the
b s 0.35bw s maximum reaction (kN) at K?
min. Av  0.062 fc ' w 
f yv f yv A. 164 C. 247
B. 214 D. 207
B. Shear strength Vc provided by normal weight concrete 14. Which of the following most nearly
for non-pre stressed members shall be computed as follows: gives the maximum positive moment on
Simplified calculation: beam KL?
1. For members subject to shear and flexure only. A. 120.5 kN-m C. 131.5
Vc  0.17 f c 'bw d B. 152.2 D. 117.1
15. Given:
2. For members subject to axial compression Factored uniform dead load = 15kN/m
Factored uniform live load = 20kN/m
 Nu 
Vc  0.17  1   f c 'bw d Which of the following most nearly
 14 Ag 
  gives the maximum shear (kN)on beam
where Nu = factored axial load. KL?
A. 159 kN C. 171
B. 168 D. 180

Figure SAM-10.03
SA-2
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for 6. Determine the minimum width (mm) of the
each of the following questions. GOOD LUCK. beam that will be adequate to comply
with clear spacing and minimum cover
Situation 1. The 400x400mm column shown in requirements.
the Figure FOP-001 is supported by 3.5m A. 250 C. 350
square footing with five piles. The pile B. 300 D. 400
has a diameter of 300mm and the center of
the corner piles is 750mm from pile cap’s
edges. Concrete strength is 21 MPa and
steel yield strength is 415 MPa. Use 600mm
effective depth for all calculations.
Consider the following net ultimate loads:
Due to dead load and live load,
Pu = 1200 kN
Due to dead load, live load & earthquake,
Pu = 1000 kN
Mu = 252 kN-m
1. Determine the maximum beam shear stress
(MPa) in the pile cap.
A. 0.25 C. 0.17
B. 0.52 D. 0.34
2. Determine the punching shear stress on the RCB ‐ 001
most heavily loaded pile.
Figure RC-06
A. 0.16 C. 0.18
B. 0.21 D. 0.25 The nominal maximum size of coarse aggregate shall
not be larger than:
3. Determine the required number of 20mm
diameter tension bars of the pile cap 1. One fifth (1/5) the narrowest dimension between
considering the critical moment. sides of forms; or
A. 18 C. 23
B. 20 D. 25 2. One third (1/3) the depth of slabs; or
3. Three fourths (3/4) the minimum clear spacing

between individual reinforcing bars or wires,
bundles of bars, or prestressing tendons or ducts.
The minimum clear spacing between parallel

bars in a layer shall be db, but not less than 25
mm.
Where parallel reinforcement is placed in two or
more layers, bars in the upper layers shall be placed
directly above bars in the bottom layer with clear
distance between layers not less than 25mm.
Situation 2. Refer to RC-06 & Figure RCB- Situation 3. A simply supported rectangular
001. A rectangular beam is reinforced concrete beam has an overhang at the right
with 3-28 mmØ tension bars and 10 mmØ end. The beam has a width of 300mm and a
stirrups. The beam has a total depth of gross depth of 450mm.It is reinforced with
550 mm. fc’= 21 MPa, fyl = 420 MPa and fyt 4-ϕ25 mm bars at tension side and 2- ϕ25
= 280 MPa. Clear concrete cover is 40mm. mm bars at compression side with 70mm
Specified maximum aggregate size in the effective concrete cover. fc’=30 MPa and
mixture is 20mm. Use U = 1.2D + 1.6L. fy=415 MPa. U = 1.2D + 1.6L.
Use φ = 0.75 for shear and φ = 0.90 for
bending. 7. Determine the depth of the equivalent
rectangular stress block of concrete
4. Determine the minimum width (mm) of the
stress.
beam that will be adequate to carry a
factored bending moment Mu of 285 kN- A. 116.31 C. 98.86
B. 106.52 D. 53.25
m, if it is reinforced for tension
only with 3-28 mmØ bars. 8. Determine the design capacity of the
A. 250 C. 350 section against flexure in kN-m.
B. 300 D. 400 A. 265.77 C. 239.62
B. 242.43 D. 236.03
5. Determine the minimum width (mm) of the
beam that will be adequate to carry a 9. If the distance between supports is 6m
factored shear Vu of 255 kN, if and the overhang is 2.5m, determine the
stirrups are spaced at 100mm. maximum total factored uniform load in
A. 250 C. 350 kN/m that may be applied over the entire
B. 300 D. 400 beam base on flexure requirements.
A. 77.90 C. 75.50
B. 76.60 D. 73.20

Situation 4. Refer to Figure CCM 10.01 and

RC-02.
Given: B×H = 400 mm × 500 mm
Ast = 6 x Ø 20 mm diameter bars
Clear concrete cover to 10 mm diameter
ties = 50 mm
Concrete fc’ = 28 MPa
Steel fyl = 415 MPa
Steel fyv = 275 MPa
ϕ=0.75
10. The design axial loads are: Mu = 220 kN-
m; Vu = 235 kN; Nu = 500 kN. Determine
the nominal concrete shear strength (kN)
by simplified calculation if the shear
force is along x-direction. Figure CCM‐10.01
A. 204.4 C. 196.1
B. 182.3 D. 174.9
11. The design axial loads are: Mu = 220 kN- RC‐02

m; Vu = 235 kN; Nu = 500 kN. Determine 411.4.1 Simplified calculation for Vc.
the required spacing of shear 411.4.1.1 For members subject to shear and flexure only,
reinforcement to carry the factored shear 𝑽𝒄 𝟎. 𝟏𝟕λ 𝒇𝒄 ′𝒃𝒘 𝒅 (411‐3)
force Vu, if the shear force is along y-
direction. Use simplified calculation for 411.4.1.2 For members subject to axial compression.
computing Vc. 𝑵𝒖
A. 75 mm C. 200 mm 𝑽𝒄 𝟎. 𝟏𝟕 𝟏 λ 𝒇𝒄 ′𝒃𝒘 𝒅 411_ 4
𝟏𝟒𝑨𝒈
B. 150 mm D. 250 mm
Quantity Nu/Ag shall be expressed in MPa.
12. If the column is replaced with a 400mm
diameter and the nominal shear capacity of 411.4.1.3 For members subject to significant axial tension,
concrete is 1.20 MPa, which of the shear reinforcement shall be designed to carry total shear,
following most nearly gives the nominal unless a more detailed calculation is made using Section
shear strength (kN) of the concrete, Vc? 411.4.2.1 through 411.4.2.3.
A. 150 C. 260
B. 180 D. 300 411.4.3 Circular members
For circular members, the area used to compute Vc shall be

Situation 5. Refer to Figure CID-0.001. A taken as the product of the diameter and effective depth of the
tied column is subjected an eccentric concrete section. It shall be permitted to take d as 0.80 times
load. The values of Kn and Rn are the diameter of the concrete section.
determined to be 0.40 and 0.20
respectively. 411.6.5 Minimum Shear Reinforcement
DATA:
Column dimension = 315x315mm 𝒃𝒘 𝒔
𝑨𝒗,𝒎𝒊𝒏 𝟎. 𝟎𝟔𝟐 𝒇𝒄 ′ 411_ 13
Main bars = 8-25mmϕ 𝒇𝒚𝒕
Concrete strength, fc’ = 28 MPa
but shall not be less than (0.35b w s)/f y t . Where b w and
Lateral reinforcements,fyt = 415 MPa
Strength reduction factors = 0.65 s are in millimeters.
13. Determine the design axial strength (kN)
of the column.
A. 1,111 C. 722
B. 833 D. 1,542
14. Determine the design moment(kN-m)
that can be carried by of the column
simultaneously with the axial load.
A. 175 C. 157
B. 113 D. 131
15. If Kn = 0.24 and Rn = 0.15, the
diameter of the main bar should be
atleast__mm?
A. 16 C. 25
B. 20 D. 28
Figure CID-0.001.
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for

each of the following questions. GOOD LUCK.
Situation 1. Refer to Fig. SCM 10.07 and the safe diameter of the column if
Fig. SA-1. A car hit a tubular steel ρ=0.0185?
post at B. The post is fixed to the A. 340 mm C. 400 mm
ground at A. B. 380 mm D. 450 mm
Given: Force from the car, P = 175 kN 6. Which of the following most nearly gives
Section of the Post = 300mm x 300mm the required minimum diameter of main
Thickness of the post = 12mm bars if the diameter of column is 400mm?
Modulus of elasticity, E = 200 GPA A. 25 mm C. 28
H1 = 1.5m H2 = 1.0m B. 32 mm D. 20
1. How much deflection (mm) at point B?
A. 1.53 C. 5.15
B. 14.58 D. 4.68
2. What is the resulting displacement (mm)
at point C?
A. 23.8 C. 28.6
B. 12.9 D. 10.3
3. What is the resulting maximum bending
stress (MPa)?
A. 645 C. 344
B. 206 D. 387
Figure RCC-001
Situation 3. Refer to figure CBM 10.13 and

RC-5. The beam reinforcement for
negative moment at the column support is
shown.
Given:
Fig. SCM 10.07 As = 6 of 28 mm diameter bars
w/ effective cover of 80 mm.
As’ = 4 of 28 mm diameter bars
w/ effective cover = 70 mm.
fc’ = 28 MPa
fyl = 415 MPa (for main bars)
fyv = 275 MPa (for ties)
ρbal = 0.035
Dimensions:
h1 = 100 mm.
h2 = 500 mm.
b = 350 mm.
Use 10mm diameter stirrups spaced at 100mm
O.C.
7. Calculate the shear strength provided by
the concrete, Vc (kN).
A. 188.9 C. 163.7
B. 157.4 D. 132.2
Fig. SA‐1 8. Calculate the shear strength provided by
the shear reinforcement, Vs (kN).
Situation 2. A column with circular ties A. 224.6 C. 518.3
is shown in Figure RCC-001 carries a B. 449.2 D. 362.8
dead load of 1,000 kN and a live load of 9. Calculate the design shear strength of
520 kN. Use fc’=28 MPa and fy=420 MPa. U the section, Vu (kN).
= 1.2D + 1.6L. A. 612.9 C. 511.5
B. 291.2 D. 459.7
the factored axial load of the column.
A. 2,284 kN C. 3,184 kN
B. 2,032 kN D. 3,981 kN

11.Which of the following most nearly gives

the maximum reaction (kN) at the
interior support E?
A. 400 C. 124
B. 312 D. 200
12.If the loads at ultimate condition are
as follows:
Total DL wu = 24.0 kN/m
LL wu = 12.2 kN/m
find the maximum positive moment (kN-m)
at span DE.
A. 212 C. 254
Figure CBM 10.13 B. 195 D. 160
Figure RC-5
A. Shear strength of a section
1. Vn  Vu Vu = factored shear force
Vn = nominal shear strength
2. Vn  Vc  Vs Vc = shear strength provided by

concrete
Vs = shear strength provided by shear
reinforcement
Av f yv d
  0.66 f c 'bw d
s
bw s 0.35bw s
min. Av  0.062 f c ' 
f yv f yv
B. Shear strength Vc provided by normal weight concrete for

non-pre stressed members shall be computed as follows:
Simplified calculation:
1. For members subject to shear and flexure only.
Vc  0.17 f c 'bw d
2. For members subject to axial compression
 Nu  Fig. SAM 10.04

Vc  0.17  1   f c 'bw d
 14 Ag 
 
where Nu = factored axial load. Situation 5. Refer to Figure FR-005 and
Figure SA-3. H1=4m., H2=3m., S1=10m., and
S2=8m. The frame shown has the following
Situation 4. Refer to Fig. SAM 10.04. moment of inertias for beams and
Given : b = 400 mm h = 600 mm columns:
t = 100 mm S = 2.5 m Exterior columns 250x10^6 mm^4
L1 = L2 = 7.5 m Interior columns 300x10^6 mm^4
Superimposed Dead Load, DL = 4.8 kPa 2nd floor beams 980x10^6 mm^4
Live Load, LL = 3.8 kPa Roof deck beams 750x10^6 mm^4
Unit Weight of Concrete = 24 kN/m^3 Assume an end restraint factor of 10 for
Beam DEF is simply supported at D, E, pin connection and 1.0 for fix support.
and F. 13. Which of the following most nearly
For 2 spans both loaded, the negative gives the effective length factor of
moment at the interior support is wL2/8. column AB, if frame is not braced
against sidesway?
For 1 span loaded, the negative moment at
the interior support is wL2/16. A. 0.75 C. 1.3
B. 0.80 D. 1.4
For maximum stresses, apply the following:
1. Pattern loadings for Live Load 14. Which of the following most nearly
2. Ultimate Load Combination, U = 1.2D + gives the effective length of factor
1.6L column DE, if frame is not braced
against sidesway?
10.Which of the following most nearly gives A. 0.85 C. 1.85
the maximum moment (kN-m) at the B. 0.80 D. 1.80
interior support E of beam DEF?
A. 300 C. 93 15. Which of the following most nearly
B. 146 D. 186 gives the effective length factor of
column EF, if frame is not braced
against sidesway?
A. 0.73 C. 1.3
B. 0.70 D. 1.2

Figure FR‐005
Figure SA‐3

INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for

each of the following questions. GOOD LUCK.
Situation 1. Given:
Beam section, b x h = 300 mm x 450 mm
Effective depth, d = 380 mm
Beam span = 5m.
Compressive strength, fc’ = 28 MPa
Steel strength, fy = 415 MPa
Unit weight of concrete = 24 kN/m3
at ultimate condition, U = 1.2D + 1.6L
1. The beam is simply-supported and
carries a service live load of 50 KN at
midspan. What is the value of the
factored moment in kN-m?
A. 50.00 C. 112.16
B. 80.00 D. 100.00
2. Determine the required number of 20 mm
diameter tension bars? Situation 3. To construct the deck of a
A. 1 C. 3 bridge over a deep ravine, steel beams
B. 2 D. 4 spaced at 2.4 m on center, and simply
3. If the beam is fully restrained, supported on a span of 20 m, are used
determine the required number of ø16mm support the construction loads which
tension bars for the section at/near include temporary formwork and
support. The beam carries a total construction live loads equivalent to
factored uniform load of 45 kN/m. 4200 Pa. At this stage, only the steel
A. 2 C. 6 beam carries the loads. After the slab
B. 4 D. 8 hardened, sufficient shear connectors
welded to the beam flange provide full
composite action of the steel with 0.15
Situation 2. Refer to SA – 1 Wood planks m thick cast-in-place concrete slab.
are used to retain 3 m height of Given:
backfill. The active earth pressure Concrete, fc’ = 20.7 MPa
increases from zero at the free end to Concrete unit weight = 24 kN/m^3
24.5 kPa at the fixed end. Steel, Fy = 345 MPa
Modular ratio, n = 9
Given: Plank dimensions
Thickness = 100 mm For composite action, use 1.8 m flange
Width = 300 mm width.
Modulus of elasticity = 8.5 x 10ˆ3 MPa
Properties of the steel beam
Section – W685 mm x 152 kg/m
4. Which of the following gives the tw = 13 mm bf = 250 mm
maximum bending stress (MPa) in the d = 688 m Ix = 15x10^8 mm^4
cantilevered wood planks? tf = 21 mm Iy = 0.58x10^8 mm^4
A. 22.1 C. 15.6 A = 19355 mm2
B. 73.5 D. 13.0 7. Determine the maximum bending stress
5. Which of the following gives the (MPa) in the beam due to dead load which
lateral reaction (kN/m) at the propped include beam weight, slab and wearing
end if the planks are propped at the surface of 600 Pascals and the
free end but has a lateral displacement construction loads.
of 12.7mm? A. 116 C. 159
A. 7.35 C. 6.35 B. 248 D. 219
B. 29.40 D. 17.40 8. Determine the maximum tensile stress
6. If the wood planks are supported by a (MPa) in the beam due to standard truck
strut at mid-height, what pulling force load (H load) alone consisting of 15.2
(kN/m) should be applied at the strut kN front wheel load and 61.8 kN rear
prevent the free end from deflecting? wheel load. Distance wheel loads is 4.27
A. 11.1 C. 9.3 m. Include 24% impact on live load.
B. 13.9 D. 23.5 A. 28.6 C. 72.4
B. 57.7 D. 23.1
9. Determine the maximum compressive stress
(MPa) in the concrete slab.
A. 28.6 C. 3.2
B. 2.6 D. 23.1

Situation 4. Fig. CCM10.03 shows a tied

column supporting a flat slab.
Given:
b × h = 600 mm × 800 mm
L1 = 2.55 m
t1 = 250 mm
t2 = 150 mm
t3 = 450 mm
Ast = 12 – 28 mm diameter bars
Concrete, fc’ = 27.5 MPa
Steel, fy = 415 MPa
Concrete cover to the center of
longitudinal bars = 70 mm
Effective length factor, k = 1
Flexural rigidity, EI = 140,000 kN-m2
Assume that all bars yield
location (mm) of the plastic centroid
from line 1?
A. 730 C. 70
B. 330 D. 400
11. Which of the following gives the value
of the unsupported length of the
column in m?
A. 3.15 C. 3.00
B. 2.55 D. 3.40
12. Calculate the critical buckling load,
Pc (kN).
A. 212 × 10^3 C. 353 × 10^3
B. 636 × 10^3 D. 702 × 10^3
Situation 5. The shear diagram of a simply

supported beam is shown. The beam is
loaded with concentrated loads and a
uniform load distributed on its entire
length.
13. Determine the applied uniform load in
kN/m.
A. 1 C. 3
B. 2 D. 4
14. Determine the reaction at D in kN.
A. 12.6 C. 14.6
B. 13.6 D. 15.6
the value of maximum moment.
A. -15.3 C. 15.3
B. -15.8 D. 15.8

INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each

of the following questions. GOOD LUCK.
Situation 1. A 1.8m x 7.5m concrete footing

supports two columns of distance 6.0m
apart:
GIVEN :
COLUMN-C1 : Dimension = 300mm x 300mm
1.2D+1.6L = 900 kN
COLUMN-C2 : Dimension = 300mm x 300mm

1.2D+1.6L = 1,350 kN
Column C1 is flush with the face of the
short side of the footing. Assume uniform
settlement.
Footing effective depth = 700 mm
Figure FR-004
Materials : Concrete, fc’ = 21 MPa
Steel, fy = 415 MPa
Situation 3. A tied column is reinforced
Strength Reduction Factors : with 5-28mmΦ bars distributed as shown in
Shear = 0.75 figure RC-011. Concrete cover to centroid
Bending = 0.90 of reinforcement is 60mm. Use fc’ = 21
1. Determine the required number of the MPa, fy=415 MPa. Use Ø=0.65.
longitudinal tension steel between the 7. Determine the design axial load capacity
columns. Use 20mm diameter bar. of the column in “KN”.
A. 12 C. 16 A. 2,640.7 C. 2,429.1
B. 14 D. 20 B. 4,735.3 D. 3,036.4
2. The value of the critical shear stress 8. Determine the location of the plastic
(MPa) for one-way action of the footing. center from the geometric centroid of
A. 0.547 C. 0.441 the gross section in “mm”. Disregard the
B. 0.588 D. 0.730 concrete area displaced by steel bars.
A. 8.96 C. 44.80
3. The value of the shear stress (MPa) of B. 9.19 D. 22.11
the footing for two-way action
considering column C1. 9. Determine the moment (kN-m) induced by
A. 0.656 C. 0.745 the eccentric force Pu = 3,000 kN at “e”
B. 0.492 D. 0.559 along the x-axis = 200mm from the
geometric center of the cross section.
Situation 2. Refer to figure FR-004. The three bars shall be considered in
Members CD and DE are subjected to the tension.
given deadload and liveload. A. 628 C. 600
B. 710 D. 572
GIVEN:
DL = 5.0 KN/m
LL = 3.5 KN/m
Wind pressure, p = 0 kPa
Wind pressure coefficients : C1, C2, C3,
C4 = 0
H1 = 3 m
H2 = 6 m
L1 = L2 = 4 m
4. Find the axial force (KN) in member AC.
A. 34 C. 67.5 Figure RC-011
B. 42.5 D. 85
5. Calculate the maximum shear (KN) in Situation 4. Four cables are used to lift a
member CD. precast concrete slab with dimensions 3m
A. 25.5 C. 42.5 x 3m and 100mm thick as shown in Figure
B. 34.0 D. 68.0
SP-002. Area of each cable is 79mm^2 and
6. What is the maximum moment in member CDE unit weight of concrete is 24kN/m^3.
in kN-m.
A. 68 C. 106 10. Determine the tensile force (kN) in each
B. 85 D. 170 of the cables.
A. 4.1 C. 6.0
B. 5.1 D. 7.9
11. Determine the normal stress (MPa) in
each of the cables.
A. 100 C. 65
B. 52 D. 76
Situation 5. Refer to Figure SMN 10.16. An

12. If the cable elongates 2 mm, what is the
open-ended thin-walled cylinder is filled
vertical displacement (mm) of the
with fluid resulting to an internal
precast slab?
pressure, p, and is subjected an axial
A. 2.50 C. 2.00
force, F. The resulting tensile stresses
B. 2.92 D. 1.37
are shown in the corresponding Mohr’s
Circle. The cylinder has a diameter of
500 mm and thickness of 3 mm.
13. What is the axial force (N)?

A. 518 C. 283
B. 495 D. 424
14. If it is a closed cylinder with internal

pressure from gas instead, what is the
axial force (N)?
A. 518 C. 283
B. 495 D. 424
Figure SP‐002
15. Find the value of angle θ.
A. 53.13 C. 63.43
B. 45.00 D. 26.57

INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each

of the following questions. GOOD LUCK.
Situation 1. A footing 2m wide x 2m long

and 0.40m thick carries a square column
0.40m x 0.40m on its center.
GIVEN :
Effective depth of footing = 0.30m
Materials : Concrete, fc’ = 28 MPa
Steel, fy = 415 MPa
Allowable stresses at ultimate loads:
For two-way action shear = 1.76 MPa
For wide beam shear = 0.88 MPa
1. Based on two-way action shear, what is
the allowable axial load (kN) at
ultimate condition?
A. 1,612 C. 1,684
B. 1,263 D. 1,828
2. Based on wide-beam shear, find the
allowable axial load (kN) at ultimate
stresses.
A. 1,584 C. 2,053
B. 2,112 D. 2,327
3. The design moment at ultimate loads at Figure SAM 10.02
the face of the column is 300kN-m. How
many 20mm diameter bars are required? Situation 3. Refer to Figure RC-3. From
A. 6 C. 8 load analysis, the following factored
B. 7 D. 9 design forces in a girder are obtained:
Mu = 300 kN-m; Vu = 250 kN;
Situation 2. Refer to Figure SAM 10.02 Tu = 35 kN-m
GIVEN: Given:
Beam sections, b x h, for AD, BE, and CF B x H = 400 mm x 500 mm
= 250mm x 400mm Concrete, fc’ = 28 MPa
Girder sections, b x h for ABC and DEF Lateral ties, fyv = 275 MPa
= 350mm x 600mm Longitudinal steel, fyl = 415 MPa
Dimensions: Effective concrete cover = 95 mm
S = 3.0 m L = 6.0 m Assume 40 mm clear cover to ø12mm
Concrete cover to centroid of lateral reinforcement.
reinforcement = 70mm Steel ratio at balanced
Materials: condition, pb = 0.0288
Concrete, fc’= 20.7 MPa Allowable concrete shear
Steel, fy = 275 MPa stress at factored load = 0.88 MPa
Loads: Reduction factor for shear = 0.75
Dead Load, D = 5.5kPa Reduction factor for moment = 0.90
(beam weight already included)
Live Load, L = 4.8kPa (all spans) 7. Which of the following most nearly gives
Required Strength, U = 1.2D + 1.6L the combined stress (MPa) from shear and
Strength Reduction factor, phi = 0.75 torsion?
A. 3.41 C. 1.87
4. Which of the following gives the total
B. 1.54 D. 2.42
factored uniform load (kN/m) in beam BE.
A. 30.90 C. 42.84 8. Which of the following most nearly gives
B. 39.30 D. 48.48 the maximum design shear strength (MPa)
of the given section?
A. 4.40 C. 150
critical design shear force Vu (kN) in
B. 3.30 D. 85
beam BE.
A. 128.52 C. 106.89 9. Which of the following gives the
B. 121.02 D. 77.10 longitudinal reinforcement (mm^2)
required for torsion, Tu?
A. 754 C. 2370
critical design shear stress (MPa) in
B. 862 D. 4230
beam BE.
A. 1.85 C. 1.73 Situation 4. Refer to Fig. SAM10.08 and
B. 1.30 D. 2.08 Figure RC – 04.
Given:
LOADS:
D = 3.3 kPa (slab weight included)
L = 4.8 kPa
U = 1.2D + 1.6L
DIMENSIONS:
S = 2.8 m
L1 = L2 = L3 = 6.0 m
slab thickness, t = 100 mm
beam, b × h = 300 mm × 400 mm
concrete cover to slab
reinforcement = 20 mm
slab reinforcement = 10 mm diameter
MATERIAL STRENGTH:
concrete, fc’= 20.7 MPa
steel, fy = 275 MPa
FIGURE SAM10.08
10. What is the positive moment, +Mu (kN –
m), at the interior slab panel bounded by
F-G-K-J?
A. 5.7 C. 4.6 Situation 5. A table is to be lifted by
B. 3.0 D. 3.8 Rendon, Vertera, Policarpio, and
Pantino positioned at points 1,2,3 and
11. What is the required theoretical spacing 4 respectively as shown in Fig. STM-
(mm) of 10mm diameter bars for the 10.5, without tilting it.
positive moment Mu for slab panel bounded Given: X = 2.0 m Y = 2.4 m
by F-G-K-J?
A. 200 C. 300
B. 150 D. 250 13. Given: FR = 120 N, FV = 90 N
If the table weighs 420 N, how much
is the force FPA which should be
12. What is the maximum allowable spacing of applied at a distance of 0.5m from
10mm diameter bars for the slab panel F- the centroidal y-axis?
G-K-J as prescribed by design codes? A. 50 C. 120
A. 390 C. 300 B. 80 D. 140
B. 520 D. 450
14. Given: FR = 120 N, FPA = 120 N, a = 0.75m
What is the maximum weight of the table
RC-04 which can be lifted?
SHEAR AND MOMENT COEFFICIENTS A. 390 C. 425
B. 405 D. 450
Positive Moment
End spans:
Discontinuous end 15. Given: FR = 120 N, FPA = 120 N, a = 0.75m
unrestrained .................................................... wuln²/11 What is the value of the force FPO
required to lift the table?
Discontinuous end integral A. 60 C. 95
with support .................................................... wuln²/14 B. 75 D. 120
Interior spans .......................................................... wuln²/16
16. Given: FR = 120 N, FV = 120 N, a = 1m
Negative Moment at exterior face of first interior support Who is useless?
Two spans ...................................................... wuln²/9
More than two spans ...................................... wuln²/10 A. Rendon C. Vertera
B. Policarpio D. Pantino
Negative Moment at other faces of
interior supports ............................................. wuln²/11
Negative Moment at interior face of exterior supports for

members built integrally with supports
Where support is a spandrel beam .................. wuln²/24
When support is a column ............................... wuln²/16
Shear in end members at face of first

interior support ............................................... 1.15 wuln/2
Shear at face of all other
supports .......................................................... wuln/2
Note: ln = clear span for positive moment or shear and

average of adjacent clear spans for negative moment

RC-3

REVIEW INNOVATIONS
NOVEMBER 2022 CE BOARD EXAM REFRESHER V5
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer of elasticity is 200 GPa and the moment
for each of the following questions. Mark of inertia is 24 ´ 106 mm4.
only one answer for each item by shading 7. Determine the maximum moment in the beam
the box corresponding to the letter of in kN×m.
your choice on the answer sheet provided. A. 36 C. 54
STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED. GOOD LUCK. B. 42 D. 78
8. What is the distance (m) of the point of
inflection from the nearest support?
A. 1.42 C. 1.63
or A*B. A raised to the power n B. 1.57 D. 1.73
is expressed as A^n. All problems 9. What is the deflection of the beam at
are 1 point each. midspan (mm)?
A. 25 C. 30
B. 35 D. 40
Situation 1. A 12-m long beam is simply
supported 0.5 m from the left end and 1.5 Situation 4. A simple wooden beam 50 mm wide,
m from the right end. In addition to 2 200 mm deep, and 6 m long, has a maximum
kN/m dead load over the entire length, a deflection of 90 mm under a uniform load.
highway uniform load of 10 kN/m and a If a third support is placed midway
concentrated moving load of 120 kN will between the two supports to reduce the
pass on this beam. Shear must be check deflection to zero, and if the modulus of
at point C which is 4 m from the left elasticity of the beam is 8,300 MPa,
support. determine the following:
1. Calculate the shear at C due to dead load 10. The maximum positive moment in N×m.
alone. A. 934 C. 1000
A. -1.5 kN C. +1.8 kN B. 1660 D. 900
B. +3.0 kN D. -5.0 kN 11. The maximum shear stress in Pa.
2. Calculate the maximum negative shear at A. 0.32 C. 0.38
C. B. 0.42 D. 0.48
12. The maximum bending stress in MPa.
A. -58.54 kN C. -57.125 kN A. 4.98 C. 5.64
B. -55.325 kN D. -91.65 kN B. 5.38 D. 4.27
3. Calculate the maximum positive shear at
C. Situation 5. The bridge truss shown in
A. +91.925 kN C. +90.125 kN Figure BT-01 is to carry a concentrated
B. +92.325 kN D. +89.625 kN moving load of 25 kN and a uniform moving
load of 5 kN/m.
Situation 2. A cantilever beam shown is
loaded by a couple M at its free end. The F G H
length of the beam is L = 2.0 m, and the

longitudinal normal strain at the top
5m
surface is 0.0012. The distance from the

top surface of the beam to the neutral A
B C D
E
surface is 82.5 mm. Use E = 200 GPa. 5m 5m 5m 5m
Figure BT-01
13. What is the maximum ordinate of the

influence diagram for member BG?
d A. 0.707 compression
B. 0.354 compression
C. 0.707 tension
L M D. 0.354 tension
14. What is the maximum tensile force that
4. Calculate the bending stress. could develop on member BG?
A. 24 MPa C. 36 MPa A. 7.07 kN C. 12.96 kN
B. 360 MPa D. 240 MPa B. 14.14 kN D. 37.71 kN
5. Find the radius of curvature. 15. What is the maximum compressive force
A. 67.85 m C. 78.65 m that could develop on member BG?
B. 87.65 m D. 68.75 m A. 7.07 kN C. 12.96 kN
6. Determine the vertical deflection d at the B. 14.14 kN D. 37.71 kN
end of the beam.
A. 28.7 mm C. 31.6 mm Situation 6. Classify each of the structures
B. 30.4 mm D. 29.1 mm shown in Figure AN-96 as statically
determinate, statically indeterminate, or
Situation 3. A horizontal beam 12 meters unstable. If indeterminate, specify the
long is symmetrically supported over two degree of indeterminacy. The supports or
supports 8 meters apart. The beam is fully connections are to be assumed as stated.
loaded with 6 kN per meter. In addition,
concentrated loads of 15 kN are acting at
the ends and at the middle. The modulus
NOVEMBER 2022 CE BOARD EXAM REFRESHER V5
22. The ability of a material to absorb or
store energy without permanent
deformation.
A. resilience C. toughness
B. elasticity D. ductility
23. The limit beyond which the material will

no longer go back to its original shape
when the load is removed
Figure AN-96 (a)
A. yield point
B. proportional limit
C. plastic limit
D. elastic limit
24. If three non-parallel forces hold a rigid

body in equilibrium, they must
A. be concurrent
B. be non-concurrent
Figure AN-96 (b) C. be equal in magnitude
D. form an equilateral triangle
25. The point in the stress-strain test at

which the material will have an
appreciable elongation without any
increase of load.
A. elastic range C. yield point
B. proportional limit D. ultimate
Figure AN-96 (c)
strength
26. The constant of proportionality in the

linear portion of the stress-strain
16. Classify the structure shown in Figure
diagram is called:
AN-96(a): A. Hooke’s law
A. Statically determinate B. modulus of elasticity
B. Unstable C. elastic limit
C. Statically indeterminate to the D. shear modulus
first degree
D. Statically indeterminate to the 27. The area under the entire stress-strain
second degree curve is called:
17. Classify the structure shown in Figure A. modulus of resilience
AN-96(b): B. toughness modulus
A. Statically determinate C. elastic modulus
B. Unstable D. shear modulus
C. Statically indeterminate to the
28. The area under stress-strain curve from
first degree
the origin O up to the elastic limit E
D. Statically indeterminate to the
is called:
second degree A. modulus of resilience
18. Classify the structure shown in Figure B. toughness modulus
AN-96(c): C. elastic modulus
A. Statically determinate D. shear modulus
B. Unstable
C. Statically indeterminate to the
first degree
D. Statically indeterminate to the
second degree
19. The ratio of the lateral strain to

longitudinal strain is called:
A. modular ratio C. Poisson’s ratio ~o0o~
B. void ratio D. Hooke’s ratio
Nothing Follows
20. The ability of a material to undergo
plastic deformation without failure
under high tensile stresses.
A. resilience C. ductility
B. elasticity D. toughness
21. A measurement of the resistance of a

material to deformation, indentation, or
scratching, and can be used to verify the
ultimate strength of structural steels
after heat treatment.
A. toughness C. resilience
B. hardness D. elasticity

REVIEW INNOVATIONS
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer
for each of the following questions. Mark Situation 3. The design base shear of the
only one answer for each item by shading three-story building shown is 500 kN.
WR = 800 kN
3m W = 1000 kN
2
or A*B. A raised to the power n 3m
is expressed as A^n. All problems W1 = 1150 kN
are 1 point each.
4m
Situation 1. An 8m high vertical retaining

wall is acted on by an active pressure
6. Determine the shear force (kN) at the
that varies linearly from 136 kN/m at the
roof level, if the natural period of
base to 34 kN/m at the top.
vibration of the building T = 0.6s.
A. 204 C. 78
1. Calculate the maximum moment at the base
B. 289 D. 102
in kN-m.
A. 725 C. 4352
7. If the natural vibration of the building
B. 2176 D. 1088
T=0.9s, determine the lateral force (kN)
at the roof level.
2. If the wall is provided with simple
support at the top, calculate the maximum
A. 191 C. 32
moment at the base in kN-m.
B. 289 D. 222
A. 707 C. 400
8. After analysis, the shear force at each
B. 435 D. 510
level are as follows:
Roof Level=200 kN; 2nd Level= 169 kN; 1st
3. Calculate the force on top of the wall
level=100 kN
that will limit the deflection at the top
How much is the overturning moment at
of the wall to 35 mm. Assume EI= 400,000
the base?
kN-m2
A. 1507 C. 3583
B. 1583 D. 3183
A. 184 C. 78
B. 289 D. 102
Situation 4. Classify each of the
structures shown in the figure as
Situation 2. The column of the special
externally unstable, statically
moment frame is shown. Clear cover to the
determinate, or statically in-
12 mm transverse reinforcement is 40 mm.
determinate. If the structure is
Longitudinal bar diameter is 25 mm.
statically indeterminate externally, then
determine the degree of external
Concrete strength, fc’ = 27.5 MPa
indeterminacy.
Longitudinal reinforcement, fy = 415 MPa
Transverse reinforcement, fyh = 275 MPa
Pu = 2200 kN
700
500
(a) (b)
4. Compute the maximum spacing of transverse

reinforcements according to the provision
for seismic design.
A. 125 C. 150 (c)
B. 100 D. 140
9. (a)
A. Statically Determinate
5. Compute for the required spacing of
B. Statically Indeterminate to the 1st
transverse reinforcements over a length
degree
lo according to the provision for seismic
C. Statically Indeterminate to the 2nd
design.
degree
A. 70 C. 78
D. Statically Unstable
B. 63 D. 65

10. (b) C. Plasticizing
A. Statically Determinate D. Yielding
B. Statically Indeterminate to the 1st
degree 17. The originating earthquake source of
C. Statically Indeterminate to the 2nd the elastic waves inside the earth which
degree cause shaking of ground due to
D. Statically Unstable earthquake.
A. Hypocenter
11. (c) B. Epicenter
A. Statically Determinate C. Fault
B. Statically Indeterminate to the 1st D. Wave Fronts
degree
C. Statically Indeterminate to the 2nd 18. Occurs when the structure’s center of
degree mass does not coincide with its center of
D. Statically Unstable rigidity
A. Out of plane offset

Situation 5. A curved bar ABC having a B. Torsional shear stress
circular axis is loaded by P = 1650 N. C. Diaphragm discontinuity
The cross section of the bar is D. In-plane discontinuity
rectangular with height h = 35 mm and
thickness “t” mm.
The total force shall be distributed over the

𝒉 height of the structure in conformance
with Equations 208-15, 208-16 and 208-17
in the absence of a more rigorous
𝑷 𝑷 procedure.
45° 45° 𝒏
𝑅 = 200 𝑽 = 𝑭𝒕 + ∑ 𝑭𝒊
𝒊=𝟏
The concentrated force 𝑭𝒕 at the top,
12. Compute the maximum moment (N-mm) of the which is in addition to 𝑭𝒏, shall be
curved bar.
determined from the equation:
A. 96660 C. 233345 𝑭𝒕 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟕𝑻𝑽
B. 0 D. 136685
13. Compute the thickness “t” of the curved

bar if the allowable tensile stress is 80
The value of 𝑻 used for the purpose of
MPa.
calculating 𝑭𝒕 shall be the period that
A. 5.9 C. 6.5 corresponds with the design base shear as
B. 4.5 D. 0.6 computed using Equation 208-4.
𝑭𝒕 need not exceed 𝟎. 𝟐𝟓𝑽 and may be
14. Compute the normal stress of the bar due considered as zero where 𝑻 is 0.7 s or less.
to load alone. The remaining portion of the base shear
shall be distributed over the height of the
A. 72.8 C. 0
B. 7.3 D. 80.1 structure, including Level 𝒏, according to
the following equation:
15. When yielding has ended, an increase in
(𝑽 − 𝑭𝒕 )𝒘𝒙 𝒉𝒙
load can be supported by the specimen, 𝑭𝒙 =
until it reaches a maximum stress ∑𝒏𝒊=𝟏 𝒘𝒊 𝒉𝒊
referred to as the ultimate stress. At each level designated as 𝒙, the force 𝑭𝒙
shall be applied over the area of the
A. Necking
B. Strain Hardening
building in accordance with the mass
C. Plasticizing distribution at that level. Structural
D. Yielding displacements and design seismic forces
shall be calculated as the effect of forces
16. Just after the ultimate stress, the 𝑭𝒙 and 𝑭𝒕 applied at the appropriate
cross-sectional area will begin to
decrease in a localized region of the levels above the base.
specimen, until the specimen breaks at
the fracture stress.
A. Necking
B. Strain Hardening
REVIEW INNOVATIONS
NOVEMBER 2022 CE BOARD EXAM REFRESHER DELA CRUZ F - 3
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer Note: Live load reduction is not applicable for
for each of the following questions. Mark floors in places of public assembly and for live
only one answer for each item by shading loads greater than 4.8 kPa. For influence area
your choice on the answer sheet provided. Ai, consider all area with live load that can be
STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED. GOOD LUCK. reduced, that influence the column being
considered (area projected above).
or A*B. A raised to the power n Situation 2. The beam shown is subjected to
a concentrated live load of 90 kN, a
is expressed as A^n. All problems uniformly distributed live load of 40
are 1 point each. kN/m, and a uniformly distributed dead
load of 20 kN/m.
Situation 1. The Situation 5 - A three-
story building has interior columns
spaced 8m apart in two perpendicular
directions. The design loads for the
building are as follows:
DL: 5.0 kPa (Roof)

7.0 kPa (typical for each floor) 4. Determine the maximum reaction at the
right support.
LL: 0 (Roof Deck) A. 600 kN C. 330 kN
6.0 kPa (2nd Floor) B. 350 kN D. 240 kN
2.4 kPa (3rd Floor)
5. Determine the maximum negative shear
Recognizing that the probability of at C.
supporting a large fully loaded A. - 10 kN C. – 20 kN
tributary area is small, building B. - 15 kN D. – 25 kN
codes permit reductions. Use the
attached alternate floor live load 6. Determine the maximum positive bending
reduction provisions. moment at midspan.
A. 567 kN-m C. 765 kN-m
1. What is the total axial load (kN) on B. 657 kN-m D. 675 kN-m
an interior column at the second floor
level due to service LL? Situation 3. A cantilever beam, 3.5 m long,
A. 153.6 C. 76.3 carries a concentrated load, P, at
B. 164.5 D. 82.3 mid-length.
Given:
2. What is the total axial load (kN) on P = 200 kN
an interior column at the ground floor Beam Modulus of Elasticity, E = 200GPa
level due to service LL? Beam Moment of Inertia, I = 60.8 x 10^6
A. 287.9 C. 246.8
B. 466.3 D. 288.3 7. How much is the beam deflection (mm)
at mid-length?
3. What is the total axial dead load (kN) A. 1.84 C. 23.50
on an interior column at the ground B. 29.40 D. 14.70
floor level?
A. 1,664 C. 995 8. What force (kN) should be applied at
B. 768 D. 1216 the free end to prevent deflection?
A. 7.8 C. 62.5
B. 41.7 D. 100.0
9. To limit the deflection at mid-length

to 9.5 mm how much force (kN) should
be applied at the free end?
A. 54.1 C. 129.3
B. 76.8 D. 64.7
Situation 4. A steel strip is clamped at

left end and supported by a spring at
right end. The spring has a stiffness
of k = 3 N/mm. The strip is 5 mm wide
and 10 mm high. Take E = 200 GPa.

NOVEMBER 2022 CE BOARD EXAM REFRESHER DELA CRUZ F - 3
“You may not see it now, but it’s

all part of God’s beautiful plan.
One day, it will all make sense.”
10. Determine the deflection at right end.

A. 1.46 mm C. 1.60 mm
B. 1.37 mm D. 1.77 mm
11. Calculate the moment at the left end.

A. 9.26 N.m C. 9.04 N.m
B. 9.12 N.m D. 8.94 N.m
Situation 5. A 6m long beam is supported by

a roller at the right end and a fixed
support at the left end. It carries a
uniform load “w” kN/m throughout the
beam.
12. Compute the safe value of “w” kN/m so

that it will not exceed the flexural
capacity of the beam of 270 kN-m.
A. 60 C. 86
B. 36 D. 15
13. Compute the safe load “w” kN/m so that

it will not exceed the shear capacity
of the beam of 180 kN.
A. 80 C. 48
B. 24 D. 40
14. Compute the safe value of “w” kN/m so

that it will not exceed the allowable
deflection of 3mm.
Consider EI= 432 x 10^12 Nmm^2
A. 185 C. 124
B. 76 D. 80
15. The point through which the resultant

of the restoring forces of a system
acts.
A. Center of Gravity
B. Center of Rigidity
C. Center of Stiffness
D. Center of Mass
16. It refers to the flexibility of

structure.
A. Reciprocal of Deflection
B. Resonance
C. Rupture Strength
D. Reciprocal of Stiffness
17. It is described herein loss of stress

that takes place with the passage of
time as concrete is held at a constant
strain.
A. Relaxation
B. Pre-Tension
C. Post-Tension
`D. Proportional Limit

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REVIEW INNOVATIONS

NOVEMBER 2022 CE BOARD EXAM REFRESHER TUZON 7

Slump = 75 mm to 100 mm 6. Estimate the production in loose cubic

8. A crawler tractor weighing (36 t) is

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24. ______is the process of removing air

25. Primary causes of poor concrete

26. Slumps for concrete should not be:

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NOTE: A times B is represented by A×B Situation 3. Three cables are used to

4. the axial force in member BC, in kN

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11. Neglecting the weight of the pipe,

12. Neglecting the weight of the pipe,

Situation 5. A load of 6 kN is supported as

13. Which of the following most nearly

14. Which of the following gives the

15. Which of the following most nearly

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Situation 3. As shown in the figure, a

Given: x = 3.15 m, y = 4 m, z = 3.15 m

3. Which of the following gives the force x

8. Determine the reaction at the wall at

9. Determine the vertical reaction at B,

10. Determine the tension in the rope, in

11. Determine friction force, in N, under

12. Determine the horizontal force P, in

Situation 5. The figure shows a pellet

14. What is the force (N) exerted on each

15. What is the pulling force (N)?

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1. Neglecting the weight of the plate,

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11. When H1 = 11 kN, H2 = 16 kN, and H3 =

12. When H1 = 11 kN, H2 = 16 kN, and H3 =

Situation 5. The figure shown is a portable

Given: H1 = 0.50 m x = 0.90 m

13. Determine the reaction at C, in kN.

14. Determine the tensile force in cable

15. Determine the reaction at D, in kN.

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4. Determine the reaction (N) in the

11. Calculate the smallest coefficient of

12. If P = 7.5 kN, calculate the depth of

Situation 5. A prestressed concrete beam

Stresses due to external loads:

13. Determine the stress at the bottom

14. Determine the maximum additional

15. Determine the superimposed uniform

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Given: P = 35 kN Q = 45 kN Situation 3. A three-hinged arc is shown in

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11. The strain in member CE is nearest to:

12. The deformation in member BD is

Situation 5. A two-member frame in the

13. The y-component of the reaction at B

14. The magnitude of the reaction at A (kN)