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Beam Details For Longitudinal Reinforcement: A Max 0.24 F F BD, 0.85 F BD
Beam Details For Longitudinal Reinforcement: A Max 0.24 F F BD, 0.85 F BD
(IS 456:2000,
Clause 26.5.1.1a)
{
Ast (min) ≥max 0.24
fy fy }
√ f ck bd, 0.85 bd
(
Me1=0.87 fyAst d 1-
6
)
Ast f y
bd f ck
389.955*10 =0.87 *500*Ast*667*
( 1-
Ast *500
400*6 6 7 *25 ) Ast(top) =
Solving, 1516.367 mm2
Ast, (top)= 1516.367mm2
Solving,
Ast= 1217.772 mm2
Since, Ast>Ast(min) (= 672 mm2) (ok)
Therefore, Ast, (bottom)= 1217.772 mm2
ANALYSIS OF THE BEAM SECION AT THE MIDDLE SPAN
5. Top Reinforcement (Combination UDCON 19)
Data are UDCON19 = 0.9DL+1.5EQY
abstracted from Factored positive Moment (Mu) =-2.3945 KNm
ETABS 16.2.1 Torsion (Tu) = 7.7154 KNm
The moment due to torsion is obtained as:
Mt = Tu*{1+ D /b
1.7 }
Torsional moment (Mt ) = 12.4808 KNm
(IS 456:2000 Since, Mu< Mt so,
Clause 38.1) Total Design (-ve) moment (Me1) = Mu- Mt
Annex G(G.1.1 b) = -14.8753 KNm
As, Mel<Mu,lim (=594.399 KNm)
We have for singly reinforced beam.
Me1=0.87 fyAst d 1-
6
(
Ast f y
bd f ck )
14.8753*10 =0.87 *500*Ast*667*
( 1-
Ast *500
400*6 6 7 *25 ) Ast(top) =
672mm2
Solving,
Ast (top) = 51.467mm2
Since, Ast<Ast(min) (= 672 mm2)
Therefore, Ast (top) = 672 mm2
(IS 13920:1993, 6. Bottom Reinforcement (Combination UNCON20)
Clause 6.2.4) UDCON20 = 0.9DL-1.5EQY
Factored Negative Moment (Mu) = 22.9377 KNm
Torsion (Tu) = 7.5905 KNm
The moment due to torsion is obtained as:
Mt = Tu*{1+ D /b
1.7 }
Torsional moment (Mt ) = 12.2788 KNm
Since, Mu< Mt so,
Total Design moment (Me1) = Mu+ Mt
= 35.2165 KNm
As, Mel<Mu,lim (=594.399 KNm)
We have for singly reinforced beam.
(
Me1=0.87 fyAst d 1-
6
)
Ast f y
bd f ck
35.2165*10 =0.87 *500*Ast*667*
( 1-
Ast *500
400*6 6 7 *25 ) Ast (bottom) =
672 mm2
Solving,
Ast (bottom) = 122.500 mm2
Since, Ast<Ast(min) (=672 mm2)
Therefore, Ast (bottom) = 672 mm2
ANALYSIS OF THE BEAM SECTION AT RIGHT END
Data are 7. Top Reinforcement (UDCON 13)
abstracted from UDCON13 = 1.5DL+1.5EQX
ETABS 16.2.1 Factored Negative Moment (Mu) = -301.841 KNm
Torsion(Tu) = 3.7249 KNm
The moment due to torsion is obtained as:
Mt = Tu*{1+ D /b
1.7 }
Torsional moment (Mt) = 6.0256 KNm
Since, Mu>Mt so,
(IS 456:2000 Total Design moment (Me1) = Mu+ Mt
Clause 38.1) = -307.867KNm
Annex G(G.1.1 b) As, Mel<Mu, lim (=594.399 KNm)
We have for singly reinforced beam.
(
Me1=0.87 fyAst d 1-
6
)
Ast f y
bd f ck
307.867*10 =0.87 *500*Ast*667*
( 1-
Ast *500
400*6 6 7 *25 ) Ast(top) =
1162.359 mm2
Solving,
Ast (top) =1162.359 mm2
Since, Ast<Ast(min) (= 672 mm2)
Therefore,Ast (top) = 1162.359 mm2
(IS 13920:1993, 8. Bottom Reinforcement (UDCON 14)
Clause 6.2.3) UDCON14 = 1.5DL-1.5EQX
Factored Positive Moment (Mu) = 301.5642 KNm
Torsion(Tu) = 3.6351 KNm
The moment due to torsion is obtained as:
Mt = Tu* {
1+ D /b
1.7 }
Torsional moment (Mt ) = 5.8803 KNm
Since, Mu>Mt so,
Total Design moment (Me1) = Mu+ Mt
= 307.4445 KNm
(+ve moment)
As, Mel<Mu, lim (=594.399 KNm)
We have for singly reinforced beam.
(1-
Ast *500
400*6 6 7*25 ) Ast,(bottom) =
1160.597 mm2
Solving,
Ast, (bottom)= 1160.597 mm2
Since, Ast>Ast(min) (=672 mm2) (ok)
Therefore, Ast, (bottom)= 1160.597 mm2
TOP BOTTOM
Ast
≥ max
{ A st from -ve moment induced,Ast≥ max ¿
}
{ }
Minimum reinforcement required by Code 1217.772 mm 2
LEFT 1516.367
Ast≥ max ( 4 758.183 )
SECTION
{ } 2
2
≥ max 1516.367 mm
Ast
672 mm
2
672 mm2
Ast = 1217.772 mm2
2
Ast= 1516.367 mm
Ast
≥ max
{Minimum reinforcement required by Code }
A from -ve moment induced,A ≥ max ¿
st st
{ }
2
122.500 mm
MID 672
Ast≥ max ( =336 mm2 )
{ }
SECTION 51.467 mm
2 2 2
Ast≥ max 2
672 mm
672 mm
Ast = 672 mm2
Ast= 672 mm2
RIGHT Ast Ast
SECTION
≥ max
{ A st from -ve moment induced,
Minimum reinforcement required by Code }
{ }
A st from+ve moment induced,
≥ max half of the maximum negative steel at joint face
Minimum reinforcement required by code
{ }
{ }
2
1162.36 mm
Ast≥ max 2 1160.597 mm
2
672 mm
1162.36
Ast≥ max ( =581.179 mm 2)
2
Ast= 1162.36 mm2 2
672 mm
Ast = 1160.597mm2
Hence,
Reinforcement Distribution In Member
The discrepancy lies on addressing the differences between moment resistance values calculated by
ETABS (factored moment + torsional moment) and from moment envelope value which we have
considered on the manual calculation. Not only the external moment due to loading but also the
twisting effect (torsional moment) produced by various load combination plays the significant role
on the distribution of the longitudinal reinforcement. The number of output station consider for
displaying output may vary the result in some cases.
From design check of the structure also it can be noticed that the critically longest beam will
directly influence the result and the necessity of the reinforcement.
406.9506 320.5885
336.4139 320.5885
Vp=1.4(
Sum of sagging MOR of one end and hogging MOR of anotner end
Clear span of beam
)
=1.4 ¿ whichever is greater,
LS LH RS RH
MR MR MR MR
Clause 6.3.3) KN
Moment
from
336.4139 406.9506 320.5885 320.5885
ETABs
kNm
Vuc= τ c∗bd
= 0.5655*400*667
=150.8759 KN
10. If τ c < τ V<τ Cmax design of Shear Reinforcement is
necessary
τ
(IS 456: 2000, If τ c > τ Valso c > τ v theoretically shear
2 τ c < τ V<τ Cmax
Clause 40.2.3)
reinforcement is not required Design of Shear
Reinforcement is
τ necessary
(IS 456 : 2000, If τ c > τ Valso c < τ v minimum shear reinforcement
Clause 26.5.1.6) 2
is provided
If τ V>τ Cmax failure condition is declared ;redesign
the section
11. Shear reinforcement should be provided for
(IS 456: 2000, shear equal to,
Clause 40.4) Vus= Ve-Vuc Vus= 297.9262 KN
= (448.8020 – 150.8759) kN
= 297.9262 KN
12. Area for Vertical Stirrups per unit spacing Asv
=1.2371 mm2/mm
Sv
Asv Vus
( )=
Sv 0.87 Fy d
3
297.9262* 10
=
0.87*415*6 6 7
=1.2371 mm2/mm
13. Design of shear reinforcement
=0.8978 mm2/mm
15. CHECK FOR MINIMUM SHEAR
REINFORCEMENT
(IS 456:2000,
Clause 26.5.1.6) Asv HENCE OK
0.4
≥
Sv 0.87 Fy
1.2371 ≥ 0.001108
From shear envelop shear reinforcement analysis for beam G1-G2 at middle section shows factored
shear force (V2) is greater at combo 9, so shear analysis is carried accordingly as shown in table:
Vp
=1.4(
Sum of sagging MOR of one end and hogging MOR of anotner end
Clear span of beam
)
=1.4 ¿ whichever is greater,
(IS 13920:1993, Vp= 328.566
LS LH RS RH
Clause 6.3.3) MR MR MR MR KN
Moment
from 320.588
336.4139 406.9506 320.5885
ETABs 5
kNm
Vuc= τ c∗bd
= 0.4213*400*667
=112.4149 KN
10. If τ c < τ V<τ Cmax design of Shear Reinforcement is
necessary
τ
If τ c > τ Valso c > τ v theoretically shear reinforcement is
(IS 456: 2000, 2 τ c < τ V<τ Cmax
Clause 40.2.3) not required
τ design of Shear
If τ c > τ Valso c < τ v minimum shear reinforcement is Reinforcement
2 is necessary
(IS 456 : 2000, provided
Clause 26.5.1.6)
If τ V>τ Cmax failure condition is declared ;redesign the
section
(IS 456: 2000, 11. Shear reinforcement should be provided for shear Vus= 268.4333
Clause 40.4) equal to, KN
Vus= Ve-Vuc
= 356.4047 – 112.4149 KN
=268.4333 KN
12. Area for Vertical Stirrups per unit spacing
Asv Vus
( ) = Asv
Sv 0.87 Fy d =1.1147mm
3 Sv
268.4333* 10 2
= /mm
0.87*415*6 6 7
= 1.1147 mm2/mm
13. Design of shear reinforcement
Minimum shear reinforcement
Providing 2-legged 10mmφ stirrups, Asv=157.075mm2
157.075 Sv =125 mm
Spacing (Sv)= = 140.921mm
1.1147
Hence, provide spacing of shear reinforcement(Sv) =
125 mm
14. DESIGN FOR TORSION REINFORCEMENT
A svt T u Vu A svt
(IS 456 : 2000, ( )= + =0.7027mm
S v b 1d 1*0.87*f y 2.5d 1 *0.87f y Sv
Clause 41.4.3) 2
/mm
6 3
6.1109*10 356.405*10
= +
334∗634∗0.87∗415 2.5*634*0.87*415
=0.7027 mm2/mm
15. CHECK FOR MINIMUM SHEAR
REINFORCEMENT
(IS 456:2000,
Clause 26.5.1.6) Asv HENCE OK
0.4
≥
Sv 0.87 Fy
1.1147 ≥ 0.00111
From shear envelop shear reinforcement analysis for beam G1-G2 at right section shows factored shear
force (V2) is greater at combo8, so shear analysis is carried accordingly as shown in table:
RREFERENCES
1. The equivalent shear force (Ve) to be resisted shall be
the maximum of below two in addition of shear
corresponding to the torsional moment.
Calculated factored shear force (V2) as per analysis,
and
(IS 456:2000,
Shear force due to formation of plastic hinges at both
Clause 41. 3.1)
ends of the beam (Vp) plus the factored gravity load
on the span (Vg).
The mathematical expressions is given below
Tu
Ve =|V p + Vg or V 2| whichever is greater+1.6
b
2. Shear force due to formation of plastic hinge at end
of beam
Vp =1.4(
Sum of sagging MOR of one end and hogging MOR of anotner end
Clear span of beam
)
=1.4 ¿ whichever is greater,
(IS 13920 : 1993, LS LH RS RH
MR MR MR MR Vp=328.566 KN
Clause 6.3.3)
Moment
from
336.4139 406.9506 320.5885 320.5885
ETABs
kNm
Vuc= τ c∗bd
= 0.5655*400*667
=150.8759 KN
10. If τ c < τ V<τ Cmax design of Shear Reinforcement is τ c < τ V<τ Cmax
(IS 456: 2000, necessary design of Shear
Clause 40.2.3) Reinforcement
τ is necessary
If τ c > τ Valso c > τ v theoretically shear reinforcement is
2
(IS 456 : 2000, not required
Clause 26.5.1.6) τ
If τ c > τ Valso c < τ v minimum shear reinforcement is
2
provided
If τ V>τ Cmax failure condition is declared ;redesign the
section
A svt T u Vu A svt
(IS 456 : 2000, ( )= + =0.8604
S v b 1d 1*0.87*f y 2.5d 1 *0.87f y Sv
Clause 41.4.3)
mm2/mm
6 3
33.9331* 10 346.3209*10
= +
334∗634∗0.87∗415 2.5*634*0.87*415
=0.8604 mm2/mm
15. CHECK FOR MINIMUM SHEAR
REINFORCEMENT
(IS 456:2000,
Clause 26.5.1.6) Asv HENCE OK
0.4
≥
Sv 0.87 Fy
1.1358 ≥ 0.00111
CHECK FOR DEFLECTION
For ϒ,
IS 456:2000 Area required of tension reinforcement(Areq)= 672mm2
Cl 23.2.1(a,b,c,d) For provided area,
Provide diameter of longitudinal rebar (ɸ)=25mm
Area of individual rebar(Ain)=490.8739mm2
Area provided of tension reinforcement(Areq) = 981.748
mm2
A req
fs=0.58*fy*
A prov
672
=0.58*500*
981.748
=198.503Mpa
100∗981.748
Percentage of steel= =0.351 %
400∗700
ϒ=1.8
For δ,
Area provided for compression reinforcement(Areq)=
981.748 mm2
100∗603.186
Percentage of steel= =0.351 %
350∗700
δ=1.1
L 3.75
We have, = =5.622
d 0.667
Also,
αβϒδ=23*1*1.8*1.1=45.54>5.622 (ok)
DEVELOPMENT LENGTH