Thomas Calculus 13th Edition Thomas

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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Match the differential equation with the appropriate slope field.

1) y′ = x - y 1)
A)

B)

C)

1
 D)

2) y′ = y + 2 2)
A)

B)

2
 C)

D)

x
3) y′ = 3)
y
A)

3
B)

C)

D)

4
4) y′ = x2 - y2 4)
A)

B)

C)

5
 D)

5) y′ = (y + 3)(y - 3) 5)
A)

B)

6
 C)

D)

6) y′ = y(y + 2)( y - 2) 6)
A)

7
B)

C)

D)

8
Use Euler's method to calculate the first three approximations to the given initial value problem for the specified
increment size. Round your results to four decimal places.
y
7) y′ = 1 + , y(2) = 0, dx = 0.5 7)
x
A) y1 = 1.0000, y2 = 1.6500, y3 = 3.5667 B) y1 = 1.0000, y2 = 2.2000, y3 = 7.1333
C) y1 = 0.5000, y2 = 1.1000, y3 = 1.7833 D) y1 = 0.7500, y2 = 1.3200, y3 = 2.1400

8) y′ = -x(1 - y), y(1) = 0, dx = 0.2 8)

A) y1 = -0.2000, y2 = -0.4880, y3 = -0.9046 B) y1 = -1.0000, y2 = -4.8800, y3 = -9.0464
C) y1 = -0.1000, y2 = -0.2440, y3 = -0.4523 D) y1 = -0.4000, y2 = -0.9760, y3 = -1.8093

9) y′ = 3xy - 3y, y(1) = 5, dx = 0.2 9)

A) y1 = 1.5000, y2 = 3.5000, y3 = 34.0200 B) y1 = 5.0000, y2 = 5.6000, y3 = 6.9440
C) y1 = 0.5000, y2 = 5.6000, y3 = 18.1440 D) y1 = 2.5000, y2 = 6.3000, y3 = 22.6800

10) y′ = y2(1 - 2x), y(-1) = -1, dx = 0.5 10)

A) y1 = 0.4, y2 = 0.63, y3 = 0.7472 B) y1 = 0.7, y2 = 0.99, y3 = 1.2656
C) y1 = 0.7, y2 = 0.99, y3 = 1.9136 D) y1 = 0.5, y2 = 0.75, y3 = 1.03125

11) y′ = 2xex2 , y(-1) = 1, dx = 0.1 11)

A) y1 = 0.4107, y2 = 0.0061, y3 = -0.2974 B) y1 = 0.3651, y2 = -0.0395, y3 = -0.3430
C) y1 = 0.5020, y2 = 0.0974, y3 = -0.2061 D) y1 = 0.4563, y2 = 0.0517, y3 = -0.2517

12) y′ = y - ex - 3, y(2) = 1, dx = 0.5 12)

A) y1 = -3.6945, y2 = -13.1330, y3 = -31.2423 B) y1 = -3.6945, y2 = -13.7330, y3 = -31.5423
C) y1 = -3.6945, y2 = -12.5330, y3 = -30.9423 D) y1 = -3.6945, y2 = -14.3330, y3 = -31.8423

Solve. Round your results to four decimal places.

13) Use the Euler method with dx = 0.2 to estimate y(2) if y′ = -y and y(1) = -1. What is the exact 13)
value of y(2)?
A) y ≈ -0.0277, exact value is -2e B) y ≈ -0.2277, exact value is e-2
C) y ≈ -0.3277, exact value is e-1 D) y ≈ -0.1277, exact value is -e

14) Use the Euler method with dx = 0.2 to estimate y(3) if y′ = -y/x and y(2) = 3. What is the exact 14)
value of y(3)?
A) y ≈ 1.9286, exact value is 1.5000 B) y ≈ 0.7895, exact value is 2.0000
C) y ≈ 1.7368, exact value is 3.0000 D) y ≈ 1.1053, exact value is 6.0000

15) Use the Euler method with dx = 0.5 to estimate y(3) if y′ = y2 / 2x and y(2) = -3. What is the exact 15)
value of y(3)?
A) y ≈ -0.6685, exact value is -0.1346 B) y ≈ -0.8899, exact value is -0.1154
C) y ≈ -0.6242, exact value is -0.1291 D) y ≈ -0.8013, exact value is -0.1263

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

Obtain a slope field and add to its graphs of the solution curves passing through the given points.
16) y′ = -y with (0, 2) 16)

9
 17) y' = 3(y - 1) with (2, 0) 17)

18) y′ = y(1 - y) with (0, -1) 18)

19) y′ = -y2 with (0, 1) 19)

2y
20) y′ = with (-2, 0) 20)
x

xy
21) y′ = with (0, -1) 21)
x2 + 2

Solve the problem.

22) Using the given conditions, obtain a slope field and graph the particular solution over the 22)
specified interval. Then find the general solution of the differential equation.

1
y′ = y(3 - y), y(0) = ;
3
0 ≤ x ≤ 5, 0 ≤ y ≤ 4

23) Using the given conditions, obtain a slope field and graph the particular solution over the 23)
specified interval. Then find the general solution of the differential equation.

1
y′ = y(2 - lny), y(0) = ;
4
0 ≤ x ≤ 4, 0 ≤ y ≤ 3

24) Using the given conditions, obtain a slope field, solve for the general solution, and plot 24)
solution curves for the arbitrary constant values C = -2, 2, and 4.

4x2 + 3x + 1
y′ = ;
2(y - 1)
-3 ≤ x ≤ 3, -3 ≤ y ≤ 3

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Use Euler's method with the specified step size to estimate the value of the solution at the given point x *. Find the
value of the exact solution at x *.
25) y′ = 2xex2 , y(0) = 3, dx = 0.1, x* = 1 25)
A) Euler's method gives y ≈ 4.9042; the exact solution is 4.9901
B) Euler's method gives y ≈ 4.4584; the exact solution is 4.7183
C) Euler's method gives y ≈ 4.0125; the exact solution is 4.4465
D) Euler's method gives y ≈ 4.7183; the exact solution is 5.2619

10
 26) y′ = 3y2 / 3x, y(1) = -1, dx = 0.5, x* = 5 26)
A) Euler's method gives y ≈ 0.0821; the exact solution is -0.1601
B) Euler's method gives y ≈ -0.1949; the exact solution is -0.2594
C) Euler's method gives y ≈ -0.0879; the exact solution is -0.1893
D) Euler's method gives y ≈ -0.1482; the exact solution is -0.2224

27) y′ = y - e-1x, y(0) = 2, dx = 1/3, x* = 2 27)

A) Euler's method gives y ≈ 8.2740; the exact solution is 11.1513
B) Euler's method gives y ≈ 9.2983; the exact solution is 12.9315
C) Euler's method gives y ≈ 9.4866; the exact solution is 13.3004
D) Euler's method gives y ≈ 8.9605; the exact solution is 12.3212

Solve the differential equation.

dy
28) cos x + y sin x = sin x cos x 28)
dx
A) y = cos x ln sec x + C cos x B) y = sin x ln sec x + C sin x
C) y = cos x ln sec x + tan x + C cos x D) y = cot x + C cos x

dy y
29) - = ( ln x)5 29)
dx x
1 6 1
A) y = x + Cx B) y = x (ln x) 6 + Cx
6 6
1
C) y = x (ln x) 6 + Cx D) y = (ln x) 6 + Cx
6

dy
30) x = y + (x2 - 2)2 30)
dx
1 4
A) y = x - 8x ln x+ Cx B) y = x4 - x2 - 4 + Cx
3
1 4 1 3 4
C) y = x - 4x2 - 4 + Cx D) y = x - 4x - + C
3 3 x

dy
31) ex + 3ex y = 2, x > 0 31)
dx
A) y = e-x + e-3x, x > 0 B) y = ex + Ce-3x, x > 0
C) y = e-x + Ce-3x, x > 0 D) y = e-3x + Ce-x, x > 0

cos x
32) xy ′+ 4y = ,x>0 32)
x3
sin x + C cos x + C
A) y = ,x>0 B) y = ,x>0
x4 x3
sin x + C cos x + C
C) y = ,x>0 D) y = ,x>0
x3 x4

33) y ′ + y tan x = cos x, -π/2 < x < π/2 33)

A) y = x sin x + C sin x, -π/2 < x < π/2 B) y = x cos x + C cos x, -π/2 < x < π/2
C) y = x cos x + C sin x, -π/2 < x < π/2 D) y = x sin x + C cos x, -π/2 < x < π/2

11
 dy 1
34) x + 2y = 4 - , x > 0 34)
dx x
4x2 + 2x + C x2 - 4x + C
A) y = ,x>0 B) y = ,x>0
2x2 2x2
4x2 - x + C 4x2 - 2x + C
C) y = ,x>0 D) y = ,x>0
2x2 2x2

35) 5y ′ = ex/5 + y 35)

xex/5 + C
A) y = B) y = xex/5 + Cex/5
5
xex/5 + Cex/5 -xex/5 + Cex/5
C) y = D) y =
5 5

36) y ′ e3x + 3ye3x = 4x 36)

A) y = 2x2 e-3x + Ce-3x B) y = 4x2 e3x + Ce3x
C) y = 2x2 e3x + Ce3x D) y = 4x2 e-3x + Ce-3x

dy cos x
37) x = - 3y, x > 0 37)
dx x2
A) y = x-3 (cos x + C), x > 0 B) y = x3 (sin x + C), x > 0
C) y = x3 (cos x + C), x > 0 D) y = x-3 (sin x + C), x > 0

Solve the initial value problem.

38) y ′ + y = 2ex; y(0) = 19 38)
A) y = 4e2 + 20e-x B) y = 19ex C) y = ex + 18e-x D) y = 2ex + 16e-x

dy
39) 2 - 4xy = 8x; y(0) = 12 39)
dx

A) y = -2 + 14e-x2 B) y = -1 + 13ex2
C) y = 2 + 12ex2 D) y = -2 + 14ex2

dy
40) + 9y = 3; y(0) = 1 40)
dt
1 9t 2 1 -9t 2 2 -9t 1 2 9t 1
A) y = e + B) y = e + C) y = e + D) y = e +
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

dy
41) t + 4y = t3 ; t > 0, y(2) = 1 41)
dt
t3 t3 144 -4
A) y = - 2t-4 , t > 0 B) y = + t ,t>0
7 7 7
t3 16 -4 t3 16 -4
C) y = + t ,t>0 D) y = - t ,t>0
7 7 7 7

12
 dy
42) θ + y = cos θ; θ > 0, y(π) = 1 42)
dθ
-sin θ + π -sin θ + πθ
A) y = ,θ>0 B) y = ,θ>0
θ θ2
sin θ + π sin θ + πθ
C) y = ,θ>0 D) y = ,θ>0
θ θ2

dy
43) θ2 - 3θy = θ5 sec θ tan θ; θ > 0, y(π) = 0 43)
dθ
θ3 θ2
A) y = - - θ3 , θ > 0 B) y = + θ2 , θ > 0
cos θ cos θ
θ2 θ3
C) y = - - θ2 , θ > 0 D) y = + θ3 , θ > 0
cos θ cos θ

dy ex2
44) (x + 2) - 2(x2 + 2x)y = ; x > -2, y(0) = 0 44)
dx x+2
x x
A) y = ex2 , x > -2 B) y = -ex2 , x > -2
2x + 4 2x + 4
x x
C) y = e-x2 , x > -2 D) y = -e-x2 , x > -2
2x + 4 2x + 4

dy
45) + xy = 2x; y(0) = -5 45)
dx

A) y = 2e-x2 /2 - 7 B) y = 2ex2 /2 - 7
C) y = -7ex2 /2 + 2 D) y = -7e-x2 /2 + 2

Determine which of the following equations is correct.

46) x
1
∫
3x
dx = 46)

x x2 ln x x
A) 3x ln x + C B) +C C) +C D) ln x + C
3 6 3

47)
1
sin x ∫ sin x dx = 47)

A) -cot x + C B) 1/sin x + C C) sin x + C D) cos x + C

Solve the differential equation.

48) y′ + y = y2 48)
1 1
A) 1 + Cex B) C) 1 - Ce-x D)
1 + Ce-x 1 + Cex

49) y′ - y = -xy2 49)

ex ex
A) B) C) x - 1 + C D) x + 1 + C
ex(x - 1) + C (x + 1) + C

13
 50) -xy′ - y = y-2 50)
A) y3 = 1 - Cx-3 B) y2 = 1 - Cx-3 C) y3 = -1 + Cx-3 D) y2 = -1 + Cx-3

51) -x3 y′ + 2x2 y = y2 51)

x2 x x2 x
A) y = B) y = C) y = D) y =
lnx - C lnx - C lnx + C lnx + C

52) 3x2 y′ - 2xy = y-3 52)

-4 -4
A) y4 = + Cx11/3 B) y2 = + Cx8/3
11x 11x
-4 -4
C) y4 = + Cx8/3 D) y2 = + Cx11/3
11x 11x

Solve the problem.

53) dy/dt = ky + f(t) is a population model where y is the population at time t and f(t) is some function 53)
to describe the net effect on the population. Assume k = .02 and y = 10,000 when t = 0. Solve the
differential equation of y when f(t) = 9t.
A) y = 450t - 22,500 + 32,500e-.02t B) y = -450t - 22,500 + 32,500e-.02t
C) y = -450t - 22,500 + 32,500e.02t D) y = 450t + 22,500 + 32,500e-.02t

54) dy/dt = ky + f(t) is a population model where y is the population at time t and f(t) is some function 54)
to describe the net effect on the population. Assume k = .02 and y = 10,000 when t = 0. Solve the
differential equation of y when f(t) = -3t.
A) y = 150t + 7500 + 2500e-.02t B) y = -150t - 7500 + 2500e.02t
C) y = -150t + 7500 + 2500e-.02t D) y = 150t + 7500 + 2500e.02t

55) A tank initially contains 150 gal of brine in which 40 lb of salt are dissolved. A brine containing 1 55)
lb/gal of salt runs into the tank at the rate of 8 gal/min. The mixture is kept uniform by stirring and
flows out of the tank at the rate of 5 gal/min. Write, in standard form, the differential equation that
models the mixing process.
dy 8 dy 5
A) + y=5 B) =8- y
dt 150 + 3t dt 150 + 3t
dy 5 dy 5
C) + y=8 D) + y =8
dt 150 + 3t dt 150 - 3t

56) A tank initially contains 100 gal of brine in which 40 lb of salt are dissolved. A brine containing 56)
2 lb/gal of salt runs into the tank at the rate of 4 gal/min. The mixture is kept uniform by stirring
and flows out of the tank at the rate of 3 gal/min. Find the solution to the differential equation that
models the mixing process.
108 C
A) y = 4(50 + t) - B) y = 4(50 + t) -
(100 + t) 3 (100 + t)3
108 C
C) y = 2(100 + t) - D) y = 2(100 + t) -
(100 + t) 3 (100 + t3 )

14
 57) A 200 gal tank is half full of distilled water. At time = 0, a solution containing 1 lb/gal of 57)
concentrate enters the tank at the rate of 4 gal/min, and the well-stirred mixture is withdrawn at
the rate of 2 gal/min. When the tank is full, how many pounds of concentrate will it contain?
A) 150 pounds B) 100 pounds C) 200 pounds D) 120 pounds

58) A 100 gal tank is half full of distilled water. At time = 0, a solution containing 2 lb/gal of 58)
concentrate enters the tank at the rate of 4 gal/min, and the well-stirred mixture is withdrawn at
the rate of 3 gal/min. When the tank is full, how many pounds of concentrate will it contain?
A) 175 pounds B) 187.5 pounds C) 150 pounds D) 200 pounds

59) A tank contains 100 gal of fresh water. A solution containing 2 lb/gal of soluble lawn fertilizer runs 59)
into the tank at the rate of 1 gal/min, and the mixture is pumped out of the tank at the rate of
2 gal/min. Find the maximum amount of fertilizer in the tank and the time required to reach the
maximum.
A) 48 pounds, 60 minutes B) 48 pounds, 40 minutes
C) 50 pounds, 50 minutes D) 60 pounds, 40 minutes

60) An office contains 1000 ft3 of air initially free of carbon monoxide. Starting at time = 0, cigarette 60)
smoke containing 4% carbon monoxide is blown into the room at the rate of 0.5 ft3 /min. A ceiling
fan keeps the air in the room well circulated and the air leaves the room at the same rate of 0.5
ft3 /min. Find the time when the concentration of carbon monoxide reaches 0.01%.
A) 5.01 min B) 7.01 min C) 6.01 min D) 8.01 min

61) How many seconds after the switch in an RL circuit is closed will it take the current i to reach 35% 61)
of its steady state value? Express answer in terms of R and L and round coefficient to the nearest
hundredth.
A) 1.05 L/R seconds B) 0.63 L/R seconds
C) 1.25 L/R seconds D) 0.43 L/R seconds

62) If the switch is thrown open after the current in an RL circuit has built up to its steady-state value, 62)
di
the decaying current obeys the equation L + Ri = 0. How long after the switch is thrown open
dt
will it take the current to fall to 20% of its original value?
A) -4.60 L/R seconds B) 1.81 L/R seconds
C) 1.61 L/R seconds D) -4.40 L/R seconds

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

Find the orthogonal trajectories of the family of curves. Sketch several members of each family.
63) y = -mx 63)

64) kx2 + y2 = 1 64)

Show that the curves are orthogonal.

65) x2 + y2 = 5 and y2 = x3 65)

66) y2 + x2 = 1 and xy = 2 66)

15
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Solve.
67) A 60-kg skateboarder on a 3-kg board starts coasting on level ground at 9 m/sec. Let k = 3.2 67)
kg/sec. About how far will the skater coast before reaching a complete stop?
A) 177.19 m B) 506.25 m C) 5184.00 m D) 64.00 m

68) A 58-kg skateboarder on a 3-kg board starts coasting on level ground at 8 m/sec. Let k = 3.2 68)
kg/sec. How long will it take the skater's speed to drop to 2 m/sec?
A) 26.43 sec B) 1.30 sec C) -26.43 sec D) 25.13 sec

69) A local pond can only hold up to 49 geese. Five geese are introduced into the pond. Assume that 69)
the rate of growth of the population is
dP
= (0.0011)(49 - P)P
dt
where t is time in weeks.
Find a formula for the goose population in terms of t.
49 49
A) P(t) = B) P(t) =
1 + 44e-0.054t 1 + 8.8e-49t
49 49
C) P(t) = D) P(t) =
1 + 44e-49t 1 + 8.8e-0.054t

70) A local pond can only hold up to 43 geese. Six geese are introduced into the pond. Assume that 70)
the rate of growth of the population is
dP
= (0.0011)(43 - P)P
dt
where t is time in weeks.
How long will it take for the goose population to be 21?
A) 37.48 weeks B) 23.31 weeks C) 75.36 weeks D) 40.56 weeks

71) Solve the initial value problem 71)

dP
= 6kP2, P(0) = P0
dt
P0 P0
A) P(t) = B) P(t) =
6 - 6kP0t 1 - kP0 t
P0 6P0
C) P(t) = D) P(t) =
1 - 6kP0t 1 - 6kP0 t

Identify equilibrium values and determine which are stable and which are unstable.
dy
72) = (y + 3)(y + 2) 72)
dx
A) y = 3 is a stable equilibrium value and y = 2 is an unstable equilibrium.
B) y = 2 is a stable equilibrium value and y = -3 is an unstable equilibrium.
C) y = -3 is a stable equilibrium value and y = 2 is an unstable equilibrium.
D) y = -2 is a stable equilibrium value and y = 3 is an unstable equilibrium.

16
 dy
73) = y2 - 16 73)
dx
A) y = -4 is a stable equilibrium value and y = 4 is an unstable equilibrium.
B) y = -4 and y = 5 are stable equilibrium values.
C) y = 4 is a stable equilibrium value and y = -4 is an unstable equilibrium.
D) There are no equilibrium values.

dy
74) = y2 - 3y 74)
dx
A) y = 3 is a stable equilibrium value and y = 0 is an unstable equilibrium.
B) y = 0 is a stable equilibrium value and y = 3 is an unstable equilibrium.
C) y = 0 and y = 3 are unstable equilibrium values.
D) There are no equilibrium values.

75) y′ = 5y, y > 0 75)

A) y = 0 is an unstable equilibrium value. B) y = 0 is a stable equilibrium value.
C) y = 5 is an unstable equilibrium value. D) There are no equilibrium values.

76) y′ = (y - 2)(y - 4)(y - 5) 76)

A) y = 2 is a stable equilibrium value and y = 4 and y = 5 are unstable equilibria.
B) y = 5, y = 2 and y = 5 are unstable equilibria.
C) y = 4 is a stable equilibrium value and y = 2 and y = 5 are unstable equilibria.
D) y = 5 is a stable equilibrium value and y = 4 and y = 2 are unstable equilibria.

17
Construct a phase line. Identify signs of y′ and y′′ .
dy
77) = (y + 3)(y - 4) 77)
dx
A)

y′ > 0 y′ < 0 y′ < 0 y′ > 0

y′′ < 0 y′′ > 0 y′′ > 0 y′′ > 0

1
-4 3
2
B)

y′ > 0 y′ < 0 y′ < 0 y′ > 0

y′′ < 0 y′′ < 0 y′′ < 0 y′′ > 0

1
-4 3
2
C)

y′ > 0 y′ < 0 y′ < 0 y′ > 0

y′′ < 0 y′′ < 0 y′′ < 0 y′′ > 0

1
-3 4
2

D)

y′ > 0 y′ < 0 y′ < 0 y′ > 0

y′′ < 0 y′′ > 0 y′′ > 0 y′′ > 0

1
-3 4
2

18
 dy
78) = y2 - 9 78)
dx
A)

y′ < 0 y′ > 0 y′ > 0 y′ < 0

y′′ < 0 y′′ > 0 y′′ < 0 y′′ > 0

-3 0 3
B)

y′ > 0 y′ < 0 y′ < 0 y′ > 0

y′′ < 0 y′′ > 0 y′′ < 0 y′′ > 0

-3 0 3
C)

y′ > 0 y′ < 0 y′ < 0 y′ > 0

y′′ > 0 y′′ < 0 y′′ > 0 y′′ > 0

-3 0 3
D)

y′ < 0 y′ < 0 y′ < 0 y′ > 0

y′′ < 0 y′′ < 0 y′′ < 0 y′′ > 0

-3 0 3

19
 79) y′ = 7y, y > 0 79)
A)
y′ > 0

y′′ > 0

7
2
B)

y′ > 0 y′ < 0

y′′ < 0 y′′ > 0

7
2
C)

y′ < 0 y′ > 0

y′′ > 0 y′′ < 0

7
2
D)
y′ < 0

y′′ > 0

7
2

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

Sketch several solution curves.

dy
80) = y2 - 1 80)
dx

dy
81) = y3 - 3y 81)
dx

82) y′ = y - 2 y 82)

83) y′ = y4 - y3 83)

20
The autonomous differential equation represents a model for population growth. Use phase line analysis to sketch
solution curves for P(t), selecting different starting values P(0). Which equilibria are stable, and which are unstable?
dP
84) = 1 - 5P 84)
dt

dP
85) = P(P - 5) 85)
dt

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Provide an appropriate response.

86) If a body of mass m falling from rest under the action of gravity encounters an air resistance 86)
proportional to five times the square root of velocity, then the body's velocity t seconds into the fall
satisfies the equation:
dv
m = mg - 5kv2
dt
where k is a constant that depends on the body's aerodynamic properties and the density of the
air.
Determine the equilibrium, velocity curve, and the terminal velocity for a 180 lb skydiver (mg =
180) with k = 0.005.

mg
A) Equilibrium: v =
5k

mg
5k

vterminal = 84.85 ft/sec

5k
B) Equilibrium: v =
mg

5k
mg

vterminal = 84.85 ft/sec

21
 mg
C) Equilibrium: v =
5k

mg
5k

vterminal = 84.85 ft/sec

5k
D) Equilibrium: v =
mg

5k
mg

vterminal = 84.85 ft/sec

87) A catamaran is running along a course with the wind providing a constant force of 36 lb. The only 87)
other force acting on the boat is resistance as the boat moves through the water. The resisting force
is numerically equal to three times the boat's speed, and the initial velocity is 1 ft/sec. What is the
maximum velocity in feet per second of the boat under this wind?
dv
A) The maximum velocity occurs when = 14 or v = 0 ft/sec
dt
dv
B) The maximum velocity occurs when = 12 or v = 0 ft/sec
dt
dv
C) The maximum velocity occurs when = 0 or v = 12 ft/sec
dt
dv
D) The maximum velocity occurs when = 0 or v = 14 ft/sec
dt

22
Solve the problem.
dx dy
88) The system of equations = (-7 + 8y)x and = (-7 + x)y describes the growth rates of two 88)
dt dt
symbiotic (dependent) species of animals (such as the rhinoceros and a type of bird which eats
insects from its back). Find the equilibrium points.
7 8
A) (x, y) = 7, B) (x, y) = (0, 0) and (x, y) = 7,
8 7
7 7
C) (x, y) = (0, 0) and (x, y) = 7, D) (x, y) = (0, 0) and (x, y) = -7, -
8 8

dx dy
89) The system of equations = (-7 + 8y)x and = (-7 + x)y describes the growth rates of two 89)
dt dt
symbiotic (dependent) species of animals (such as the rhinoceros and a type of bird which eats
insects from its back). What is necessarily true of the two populations at the equilibrium points?
A) They are both at a minimum. B) They are both at a maximum.
C) Both populations equal zero. D) They both remain constant over all time.

dx dy
90) The system of equations = (-8 + 9y)x and = (-8 + x)y describes the growth rates of two 90)
dt dt
symbiotic (dependent) species of animals (such as the rhinoceros and a type of bird which eats
insects from its back). What happens to the rhinoceros population when the bird population
decreases?
A) The rhinoceros population decreases.
B) The rhinoceros population increases.
C) The rhinoceros population could either increase or decrease.
D) The rhinoceros population stays the same.

23
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED9

1) D
2) D
3) D
4) A
5) D
6) B
7) C
8) A
9) B
10) D
11) D
12) A
13) C
14) A
15) C
16)

17)

24
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED9

18)

19)

20)

25
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED9

21)

22)

3y2 y3 1
y= - +
2 3 3

23)

5 2 1 2 1
y= y - y lny +
4 2 4

26
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED9

24)
x(8x2 + 9x + 6)
y= +C
12(y - 1)
25) B
26) C
27) A
28) A
29) B
30) C
31) C
32) A
33) B
34) D
35) C
36) A
37) D
38) C
39) D
40) C
41) D
42) C
43) A
44) A
45) D
46) D
47) A
48) D
49) A
50) C
51) C
52) C
53) C
54) D
55) C
56) C
57) A
58) B
59) C
27
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED9

60) A
61) D
62) C
1
63) y = x+C
m

64) y = Cx1/k

65)

28
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED9

66)

67) A
68) A
69) D
70) A
71) C
72) C
73) A
74) B
75) D
76) C
77) C
78) B
79) A
80)

29
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED9

81)

82)

83)

30
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED9

dP 1 d2 P
84) = 1- 5P has stable equilibrium at P = , = -5(1 - 5P)
dt 5 dt2

1
5

1
-
5

85)

5
2

5
-
2

dP d2 P
= P(P - 5) has a stable equilibrium at P = 0 and an unstable equilibrium at P = 5; = P(P - 5)(2P - 5)
dt dt2

86) A
87) C
88) C
89) D
90) A

31