TIUSYEN IBNU SINA ANSWER SCHEME

CHEMISTRY MODULE 10A SALT 1

1 Copper (II) oxide is added little by little to 25 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid to form copper (II) sulphate until it is excess. The solution is stirred. The solution is filtered. After that the filtrate is heated until it is saturated. Finally it is cooled at room temperature. Copper (II) sulphate crystals are formed. [Relative atomic mass, Cu,64; S,32; O,16] i) ii) Write the chemical equation for the reaction CuO + H2SO4 CuSO4 + H2O. Calculate the mass of copper (II) sulphate Number of mole H2SO4 = (1.0) ( 25)/ 1000 = 0.025 mol 1 mol H2SO4 0.025 mol H2SO4 1 mol CuSO4 0.025 mol CuSO4

Mass = 0.025 X [ 64 + 32 + 4(16) ] = 0.025 x 160 =4g 2 Diagram 1shows a series of reactions for the production of zinc nitrates and substances Q. Zinc carbonate is one of the reactant. ZnCO3 Stage I Solution P + Gas R + H2O

Stage II

+ Pb(NO3)2

Zn(NO3)2 + Substance Q DIAGRAM 1 (a) Name (i) Solution P : Zinc chloride.

(ii) Substance Q: Lead (II) chloride

TIUSYEN IBNU SINA ANSWER SCHEME

CHEMISTRY MODULE 10A SALT 1

(b) In Stage I, 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid is reacted with excess zinc carbonate powder. (i) Write the chemical equation for this reaction . ZnCO3 + 2HCl ZnCl2 + CO2 + H2O (ii) Calculate the maximum volume of gas R that can be produced at room condition. [The molar volume of any gas is 24 dm3 mol-1 at room condition] Number of mol of HCl 2 mol HCl 0.05 mol HCl Volume = 0.025 x 24 = 0.6 dm3 = (1.0) (50) /1000 = 0.05 mol 1 mol CO2. 0.05 /2 mol = 0.025 mol CO2.

(c) (i) Name the type of reaction that takes place in Stage II Precipitation // Double decomposition reaction . (ii) Explain how to separate substance Q from the mixture. Filter the mixture containing substance Q. Rinse the substance Q with distilled water. Press the substance Q between two filter papers 3 (a) You are provided with two different chemical substances below. Zinc oxide powder 1 mol dm3 sulphuric acid 50 cm3 of 1 mol dm3 sulphuric acid reacts with excess zinc oxide powder. [Relative Atomic Mass : Zn, 65 ; S,32 ; O,16] (i) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction above. ZnO + H2SO4 (ii) ZnSO4 + H2O

Calculate the mass of the salt formed. Number of mol of H2SO4 = (1.0)(50)/ 1000 = 0.05 mol 1 mol H2SO4 0.05 mol H2SO4 1 mol ZnSO4 0.05 mol ZnSO4

Mass = 0.05 X ( 65 + 32 + 4(16)) = 0.05 x 161 2

TIUSYEN IBNU SINA ANSWER SCHEME (d)

CHEMISTRY MODULE 10A SALT 1

= 8.05 g Describe a laboratory experiment to prepare dry zinc sulphate using the chemical provided in (a). List out the suitable apparatus that are used to prepare the salt. Apparatus : Beaker, glass rod, 100 cm 3 measuring cylinder, wire gauze, tripod stand, Bunsen burner, conical flask, spatula, filter funnel, filter paper. Procedure: 1. 30 cm3 of 1 mol dm3 sulphuric acid is measured using a measuring cylinder and poured into a beaker and heated. 2. Using a spatula, zinc oxide powder is added a little at a time to the hot sulphuric acid while stirring continuously with a glass rod until the zinc oxide is in excess. 3. The mixture is filtered to remove excess zinc oxide powder. 4. The filtrate is heated until 1/3 of the original volume . 5. The saturated solution is allowed to cool to room temperature. 6. The zinc sulphate crystals formed are removed by filtration and rinsed with a little distilled water. 7. Finally, the crystals are pressed between two filter papers to dry it.

4 Substance Q

Heated Black solid U + Gas R

+ Dilute sulphuric acid Solution V + Gas R

+ Dilute nitric acid Solution Z

+ metal M Solution W + solid X

The flow chart shows a series of chemical changes of substance Q. 3

TIUSYEN IBNU SINA ANSWER SCHEME

CHEMISTRY MODULE 10A SALT 1

(a) Draw a labelled set-up of apparatus to convert substance Q to solid U and gas R.

Substance Q heat

Lime water

(b) In process II, sulphuric acid is added to substance Q to form a blue solution, V and gas R. i) Name the solution V Copper ( II ) sulphate. ii) Write the chemical equation the reaction above. CuCO3 + H2SO4 CuSO4 + H2O + CO2.

iii) Describe how to obtain crystal salt V from their solution V - heat the solution V until become saturated. - cool to room temperature - filter the crystal formed - rinse with a little distilled water. - press the crystal between two filter papers to dry it. 5. The chemicals supplied are Zinc oxide Sodium carbonate solution Dilute nitric acid Describe briefly how you can prepare a sample of dry zinc carbonate in the laboratory. Include in your answer all chemical equations involved. - Excess zinc oxide is added into 50 cm3 0.5 mol dm-3 dilute nitric acid and heated. - filter the mixture // filter - add 50 cm3 sodium carbonate solution into the filtrate // add sodium carbonate. - white precipitate of zinc carbonate is produced - filter the precipitate and press the precipitate between two filter papers -Equation: ZnO + 2HNO3 Zn(NO3)2 + H2O 4

TIUSYEN IBNU SINA ANSWER SCHEME Zn(NO3)2 + Na2CO3 ZnCO3 + 2NaNO3

CHEMISTRY MODULE 10A SALT 1

6 Determine whether the salts soluble or insoluble in water. If it is soluble mark it with and if it does not mark it with X .

7 Complete the table below. Type of salt Carbonate Soluble (in water) Na2CO3, K2CO3 and (NH4)2CO3 Insoluble (in water) All insoluble

Chloride

All soluble except PbCl2, AgCl and . HgCl PbCl2, AgCl, HgCl

Nitrate Sulphate

All soluble All soluble except PbSO4, BaSO4 and CaSO4

PbCl2, AgCl. HgCl

Tips: All type of sodium, Na, potassium, K and ammonium, NH4+ salts soluble in water.

TIUSYEN IBNU SINA ANSWER SCHEME

CHEMISTRY MODULE 10A SALT 1

8 Complete the diagram below Preparation of soluble salt

Sodium salt Potassium salt Ammonium salt

Others

Reaction between an acid and an alkali , NaOH, KOH or NH3

1.Reaction between an acid and a metal 2.Reaction between an acid and a metal carbonate 3.Reaction between an acid and a metal oxide or metal hydroxide

9 Complete the diagram below Have fixed geometrical shapes Have flat surfaces, straight edges and sharp angles. Physical characteristics of crystals

Crystals of the same substance have same shapes but may differ in size

Have fixed angles between two neighbouring surfaces