Pancreatic juice

Pancreatic juice is a liquid secreted by the

pancreas,[1] which contains a number of
digestive enzymes, including trypsinogen,
chymotrypsinogen, elastase,
carboxypeptidase, pancreatic lipase,
nucleases and amylase. The pancreas is
located in the visceral region, and is a
major part of the digestive system
required for proper digestion and
subsequent assimilation of macronutrient
substances required for living.

Pancreatic juice

Identifiers

MeSH D010189 (https://mes

hb.nlm.nih.gov/recor
d/ui?ui=D010189)

FMA 62973 (https://bioport

al.bioontology.org/ont
ologies/FMA/?p=clas
ses&conceptid=http%
3A%2F%2Fpurl.org%2
Fsig%2Font%2Ffma%
2Ffma62973)

Anatomical terminology
Pancreatic juice is alkaline in nature due to
the high concentration of bicarbonate
ions. Bicarbonate is useful in neutralizing
the acidic gastric acid, allowing for
effective enzymic changes.

Pancreatic juice secretion is principally

regulated by the hormones secretin and
cholecystokinin, which are produced by
the walls of the duodenum, and by the
action of autonomic innervation.

The release of these hormones into the

blood is stimulated by the entry of the
acidic chyme into the duodenum. Their
coordinated action results in the secretion
of a large volume of pancreatic juice,
which is alkaline and enzyme-rich, into the
duodenum. The pancreas also receives
autonomic innervation. The blood flow into
pancreas is regulated by sympathetic
nerve fibers, while parasympathetic
neurons stimulate the activity of acinar
and centroacinar cells.

Pancreatic secretion is an aqueous

solution of bicarbonate originating from
the duct cells and enzymes originating
from the acinar cells. The bicarbonate
assists in neutralising the low pH of the
chyme coming from the stomach, while
the enzymes assist in the breakdown of
the proteins, lipids and carbohydrates for
further processing and absorption in the
intestines. Secretin-stimulated pancreatic
juice can be collected during endoscopy
and provides an important source for
diagnostic biomarkers, allowing detection
of pancreatic pathology, especially cancer
not yet visible on medical imaging..[2]

Pancreatic juice is secreted into the

duodenum through duodenal papillae.
Some individuals have also an accessory
duct, named accessory pancreatic duct,
which may be functional (that is, it also
empties the contents of the exocrine
pancreas into the duodenum) or non-
functional.

External links
"Pancreatic juice (https://web.archive.or
g/web/20090628224336/http://www.m
ercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorl
ands_split.jsp?pg=/ppdocs/us/commo
n/dorlands/dorland/four/000055719.ht
m) " at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
Nosek, Thomas M. "Section
6/6ch4/s6ch4_18" (https://web.archive.
org/web/20160324124828/http://huma
nphysiology.tuars.com/program/section
6/6ch4/s6ch4_18.htm) . Essentials of
Human Physiology. Archived from the
 original (http://humanphysiology.tuars.c
om/program/section6/6ch4/s6ch4_18.h
tm) on 2016-03-24.

References
1. Mellanby, J. (1926-06-22). "The secretion of
pancreatic juice" (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.
gov/pmc/articles/PMC1514823) . The
Journal of Physiology. 61 (3): 419–435.
doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1926.sp002304 (http
s://doi.org/10.1113%2Fjphysiol.1926.sp002
304) . ISSN 0022-3751 (https://www.worldc
at.org/issn/0022-3751) . PMC 1514823 (htt
ps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P
MC1514823) . PMID 16993803 (https://pub
med.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16993803) .
2. Levink, Iris; Nesteruk, Kateryna; Visser, Dido;
Sieuwerts, Anita; Fernandes, Celio; Jansen,
Maurice; van Driel, Lydi; Poley, Jan-Werner;
Peppelenbosch, Maikel; Cahen, Djuna;
Fuhler, Gwenny; Bruno, Marco (2020).
"Optimization of Pancreatic Juice
Collection: A First Step Toward Biomarker
Discovery and Early Detection of Pancreatic
Cancer". The American Journal of
Gastroenterology. 115 (12): 2103–2108.
doi:10.14309/ajg.0000000000000939 (http
s://doi.org/10.14309%2Fajg.000000000000
0939) . PMID 33105193 (https://pubmed.n
cbi.nlm.nih.gov/33105193) .
S2CID 225084082 (https://api.semanticsch
olar.org/CorpusID:225084082) .
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