Material Specifications MAT2004

DUCTILE IRON CASTINGS

1. SCOPE

1.1 This specification provides reference information for National Standards and CNH requirements
for ductile iron castings. There are four grades covered in this specification including two preferred
grades, see Table 1. It is intended to replace Former CNH Company Material Specifications listed in
Table 3 and should be used on all applicable new and updated drawings.
1.2 In addition to the requirements of referenced National Standards, all casting materials supplied to
this specification shall also meet the Class 1 (CL1) requirements specified in Table 4. Class 1
requirements apply to all existing and new engineering drawings where CNH MAT2004 ductile iron
grades are specified.
1.3 Annex A, Table A1 shows typical chemical composition expected for each CNH Grade.
Conforming to composition ranges in Table A1 can assist foundries in meeting hardness, mechanical
property and CL1 requirements for CNH ductile iron grades.
1.4 Annex B, Table B1 shows the typical matrix microstructure expected for each CNH Grade.
Conforming to matrix microstructure in Table B1 along with the casting hardness can assist in attaining
the mechanical property requirements for CNH ductile iron grades. For purposes of this specification
matrix microstructure is comprised of the pearlite and ferrite phases excluding graphite content.
1.5 Casting quality shall comply with the requirements of CNH MAT2010, Casting Soundness and
Surface Quality, in addition to requirements of referenced National Standards. MAT2010 shall be listed
on all casting drawings in the applicable standards block per DWGA150.

1.6 All National Standards and related test methods are to be latest issue unless otherwise specified.

Table 1 CNH Grades and Material Description

CNH Grade Description
As-cast, fully annealed, or subcritically annealed
A
Typically 95% minimum ferrite
B As-cast, fully annealed, or subcritically annealed
Preferred in Europe Essentially ferrite with some pearlite
C As-cast or normalized, mixture of ferrite and pearlite
Preferred in North America and Europe Essentially pearlitic
As-cast or normalized
D Essentially pearlitic

2. APPLICATIONS

2.1 Ductile iron is often specified when increased strength and ductility is required over gray iron. It
does, however, exhibit reduced machinability, castability and less thermal conductivity than gray iron.
Ductile irons are specified for frame members, highly stressed housings, and critical structural
components, among others. The preferred grades of ductile iron, Grades B and C, are most
economically used in the as-cast condition, See Table 1. Based on design practices and availability, as-
cast Grade B and C are preferred for designs manufactured in Europe, as-cast Grade C is preferred for
designs manufactured in North America.

ISSUED BY ECN NO. NAME

GER 09APR17 35263474 SPEC DUCTILE IRON CASTINGS
APPROVED BY REV. PAGE CNH NUMBER
ENR 09APR17 G 1 OF 12 87034347
THE INFORMATION HEREON IS THE CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY PROPERTY OF CNH GLOBAL N.V. AND/OR
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 Material Specifications MAT2004

Table 2 Local Material and National Standard References

(4)
CNH Grade SAE DIN EN Fiat
EN 1563,
SAE J434, D400 DIN1693, Fiat 52215,
A (3) EN-GJS-400-15
(D4018 ) GGG40 GH 40-30-15
EN-GJS-400-18
EN 1563,
(1) SAE J434, D450 DIN1693, Fiat 52215,
B (3) EN-GJS-450-10
(D4512 ) GGG50 GH 45-33-15
EN-GJS-500-7
(2) SAE J434, D550 DIN1693, EN 1563, Fiat 52215,
C (D5506 )
(3)
EN-GJS-600-3 GH 60-38-10
GGG60
SAE J434, D700 DIN1693, EN 1563, Fiat 52215,
D (3)
EN-GJS-700-2 GH 65-48-05
(D7003 ) GGG70
(1) Preferred grade in Europe
(2) Preferred grade in North America and Europe
(3) Former SAE J434 grade designations, FEB2004 revision
(4) Specified EN 1563 Grades shall be cast as ferritic to pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast iron grades. See Section 3.2

2.2 The microstructure of ductile iron produced to this specification is expected to be composed of
predominantly spheroidal graphite in a matrix of ferrite and/or pearlite compatible with the required
mechanical properties. Annex B, Table B1, shows the typical matrix microstructure expected for each
CNH Grade. The matrix microstructure should be evaluated in conjunction with the specified hardness
and graphite morphology. Where a ductile iron casting does not exhibit the expected matrix
microstructure for the specified CNH Grade, additional testing may be required by the CNH procuring
location for acceptance or rejection of the casting.

2.3 When part drawings specify optional grades, or a grade permitting optional conditions (as-cast,
fully annealed, normalized, etc.), the using manufacturing plant and the supplying foundry shall agree on
which of the optional conditions shall be furnished. The supplying foundry is not permitted to change
back and forth between allowable optional conditions without prior written approval from the using
manufacturing plant.

2.4 Outside suppliers of semi-finished castings that require further processing at a CNH plant such as
heat treating or machining are not permitted to change the ductile iron material supplied for the originally
specified material without prior written approval from the CNH plant procuring the part.

3. GRADES

3.1 LOCAL / NATIONAL STANDARDS

Applicable National Standards for CNH ductile iron grades are listed in Table 2. In general, it is
permissible to produce a part from any of these “Listed” comparable National Standard grades for a
corresponding CNH Grade when no special strength or composition requirements are specified. See
CNH MAT1003 for additional information on materials designations on drawings.

3.2 EN 1563 Grades specified in Table 2 shall be cast as ferritic to pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast
irons. Substitution of these materials by solid-solution strengthened ferritic grades described in EN 1563
is not permitted. This applies to all prototype and production castings covered by CNH MAT2004.

3.3 Table 6 lists National standard materials that were previously listed in Table 2 as comparable
materials for the CNH Grades. Effective with Revision E of this specification the Materials listed in Table
6 shall not be used on new or updated drawings.

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4. RELATED SPECIFICATIONS
ASTM A536 Specification for Ductile Iron Castings
ASTM E8 Test Method for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
ASTM E10 Standard Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials
CNH DWGA150 (87021640) Casting & Forging Drawings
CNH DWGA155 (87021640) Casting Identification Marking
CNH DWGB105 (86979025) Specifying General Tolerances
CNH ENPH110 (87303288) Date Coding
CNH ENPJ100 (86619032) Significant Characteristics
CNH MAT1003 (86979049) Metallic Material Designations on Engineering Drawings
CNH MAT2004S (84256279) Ductile Iron Castings, Initial Supply Requirements
CNH MAT2010 (87034349) Casting Soundness and Surface Quality
EN 1563 Founding – Spheroidal Ductile Cast Irons
EN ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials -- Brinell hardness test -- Part 1: Test method
ISO 1083 Spheroidal Graphite Cast Irons - Classification
Fiat PS 9.50250 Iron Castings Procurement

Table 3 Former CNH Company Material Specifications

CNH NH Pennsylvania NH-Zedelgem NH Tractor
CASE
Grade FNHA-Standard Engineering Stds Engineering
A MS-612, 4018 2-A-920, 60-40-18 ES 61.18, GGG40 Fiat 52215, GH 40-30-15
B MS-612, 4512 2-A-920, 65-45-12 ES 61.23, GGG50 Fiat 52215, GH 45-33-15
C MS-612, 5506 2-A-920, 80-55-06 ES 61.22, GGG60 Fiat 52215, GH 60-38-10
D MS-612, 7003 2-A-920, 100-70-03 --- Fiat 52215, GH 65-48-05

5. REQUIREMENTS

5.1 CNH ductile iron Grades shall meet all requirements of the applicable National Standards, the
Class 1 requirements defined in this specification, and any special requirements specified on the
engineering drawing. The additional Class 1 requirements shall apply to all existing and new engineering
drawings where CNH MAT2004 ductile iron grades are specified.

TABLE 4 Class 1 (CL1) Requirements for CNH Ductile Iron Castings

Metallurgical Requirements
• Graphite nodule Type shall be ≥ 85% Type I and II per ASTM A247 (Equivalent to ≥ 85% Type V and VI per
ISO 945-1). Flake graphite is not permitted, see Section 5.2.1.
• Graphite nodule Size shall be Class 6 or finer per ASTM A247.
(1)
• The matrix microstructure shall conform to the descriptions per Table 1 .
• Castings shall be substantially free of chill (white or mottled iron). Fine, well distributed carbides, shall be less
than 0.5% for Grades A and B and less than 3% for Grades C and D. The carbides must not adversely affect
machinability or other properties of the casting. No massive carbides or excessive carbon floatation are
expected. Evaluate carbides microscopically at 100X magnification.
Chemistry and Mechanical Property Requirements
• Chemistry; (%Cu/10) + %Sn shall not exceed 0.08% maximum.
• Casting hardness; must comply with values per the specified National Standard or as specified on the drawing.
• Where specified for CNH Grade C, SAE J434, D550 requirements apply except casting hardness and elongation
shall comply with values per CNH MAT2004 Table 5.
(1) Where ductile iron castings are quenched and tempered the matrix microstructure shall be tempered martensite.

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5.2 CASTING SOUNDNESS AND QUALITY

CNH MAT2010, Casting Soundness and Surface Quality shall be listed on all casting drawings in the
applicable standards block per CNH DWGA150. MAT2010 requirements apply to all castings and
include the following.

5.2.1 Flake graphite is not permitted in ductile iron castings except at cast surfaces where it is limited to
a depth of 0.25 mm, see MAT2010.

5.2.2 Foundries are expected to employ practices to eliminate the potential for dross. If dross is
present in the iron, see MAT2010 sections 6.4.2 for related defect acceptance limits.

5.3 CASTING MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

5.3.1 Table 5 provides casting hardness and cast test bar mechanical property (elongation, tensile and
yield strength) requirements. Specifying casting hardness at check locations identified on drawings is
required for all ductile iron castings, see Section 9.2.1. Required casting mechanical properties and
check locations shall be identified on drawings for all ductile iron castings with critical areas/sections to
ensure part strength. Hardness may be checked at alternate locations on the casting where correlation
with critical section hardness has been established.

5.3.2 Castings Critical Areas / Sections - Specify Mechanical Properties

5.3.2.1 Castings that include critical areas/sections shall have these areas identified by CNH
Engineering, based on Finite Elemental Analysis (FEA). These critical sections shall have their location
with required casting hardness and minimum mechanical properties (elongation, tensile and yield
strength) according to Table 5 values clearly specified on the engineering drawing. Where specified,
these property requirements shall be met in standard test bars machined from the casting at the
designated section, see Section 5.3.2.2 concerning casting strength values. These key properties shall
be identified on drawings with a single flag (CNH 1) as important characteristics per CNH ENPJ100.
Requirements in this section apply for these new casting designs with critical areas/sections and for new
applications of existing designs of this type. See example Section 9.2.3 and Figures 1, 2 and 3.

5.3.2.2 Casting tensile and yield strength values are expected to be somewhat lower than cast test bar
values in Table 5. Casting tensile and yield strength values will be considered acceptable where they
are a maximum of 10 percent less than the cast bar values specified from Table 5.

5.3.2.3 Dimensions of tension test bars cut from castings and evaluation of mechanical properties shall
be in accordance with ASTM A536 and ASTM E8, EN 1563 ISO1083, or equivalent specification. Yield
strength shall be determined at 0.2% offset by the offset method.

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5.3.2.4 Testing to certify mechanical property values in production runs may be conducted on cast to size
test bars only where results from these test bar specimens are shown to correlate with results obtained
directly from test bars cut from specified locations of the casting. The number and frequency of tests
required to establish acceptable correlation of the mechanical property test results between the casting
specimens and cast test bars shall be agreed upon by CNH SQE (Supplier Quality Engineering) and the
casting foundry. Reports to certify property values shall identify all results obtained from separately cast
bars.

5.3.2.5 Cast to size tension test bars, for testing per Section 5.3.2.4, shall be cast in the mold attached to
the part, with the same ladle chemistry, cooling cycle, and if applicable the same heat treat cycle as the
cast part. This requirement also applies if an existing ductile iron cast part is sourced to a different
casting foundry location.

5.3.2.6 Cast to size tension test bars shall be cast and machined to final size according to ASTM A536,
EN 1563, or equivalent specification, based on the casting critical or controlling section thicknesses.

5.4 CASTING IDENTIFICATION

CNH Engineering shall specify the location of casting markings on the drawing. Critically stressed areas,
machined areas, and visibility on the machine should be considered. Markings commonly included on
castings are: the foundry trademark or identification; the cast date (format per CNH ENPH110) or heat
code; rough casting part number; and material identification code. Casting identification shall comply
with marking requirements of CNH DWGA155 that shall be listed in the applicable standards block of the
drawing per CNH DWGA150.

5.5 DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES

Castings shall conform to dimensions and tolerances as per CNH DWGB105 or as specified on the
engineering drawing.

6. SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS

6.1 Optional conditions or grades listed in National Standards may be applied as special
requirements (SPCL). These requirements shall be indicated on the engineering drawing and apply to
both the CNH grade and National Standard specified. Special requirements that may be applied include
the following:

6.2 HEAT TREATMENT

6.2.1 Quench and Tempering

Quenched and tempered (through hardened) ductile iron castings can be specified for improved strength
and wear resistance. For this material condition Grade DQ&T per SAE J434 should be specified on the
drawing along with the required hardness, see Section 9.2.4.2 for a drawing note example.

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6.2.2 Normalizing

Where a casting is required to exhibit a pearlitic microstructure prior to being induction or flame
hardened, or it has a section thickness less than 6.5 mm, normalizing should be specified on the
engineering drawing. This heat treatment shall only be specified for CNH Grades C and D when the
resulting benefits justify the added costs of normalizing. Normalized castings must be fully austenitized
during heat treatment. The following notes shall be used on the drawing to specify normalizing for the
corresponding CNH grades. See Section 9.2.4.1 for a drawing note example.

6.2.2.1 CNH Grade C: Normalize to produce a microstructure of 70% minimum pearlite.

6.2.2.2 CNH Grade D: Normalize to produce a microstructure of 85% minimum pearlite.

6.2.3 AUSTEMPERING

Austempered ductile iron (ADI) castings can be specified to obtain higher strength castings with
improved impact and/or wear resistance. ADI casting material, where essential for the application, shall
be specified according to the CNH MAT2030 ADI Castings specification.

7. INSPECTION AND REJECTION

All ductile iron casting material supplied to this specification shall be equivalent in every respect to
samples approved by the CNH location procuring the casting. While the procuring location may test
samples from incoming shipments for quality assurance, the supplier is responsible for ensuring that
shipments meet the stated requirements without depending upon the purchaser’s inspection.

8. INITIAL SAMPLE QUALITY

8.1 Quality requirements for initial ductile iron casting part samples submitted by suppliers to ensure
compliance with this specification are provided in the CNH MAT2004S Ductile Iron Castings, Initial
Supply Requirements specification. CNH MAT2004S requirements apply only to ductile iron casting
specified material properties and quality requirements and are not intended to replace or supersede any
other ISIR supplier quality requirements. The manufacturer of a part is responsible to meet applicable
requirements of CNH Engineering Specification ENS0301 (86620212), CNH Supplier Quality
Engineering (SQE) Approval of Manufactured Parts - Part Approval Process (PAP) CNH-SQA-F03Q, and
any requirements on the Engineering drawing.

8.2 CASTING DEVELOPMENT - DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

Key points to consider in developing or modifying casting designs include the following:
1. Assure casting drawing specifies correct material, quality requirements, and related notes.
2. Verify Foundry Supplier can produce casting as specified; check initial casting samples per the
MAT2004S specification and SQE ISIR requirements.
3. Check of casting fit, form, and function by the Product Validation Group before production release.

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9. DRAWING SPECIFICATIONS

9.1 Specifying a restricted (RSTR) or special (SPCL) material may require the use of a significant
characteristic per CNH Engineering Procedure ENPJ100 (86619032). This will be determined as part of
the design review process.

9.2 The title block of engineering drawings shall contain material designations as described in CNH
MAT1003 (86979049) Metallic Material Designations on Engineering Drawings. This specification
includes Class 1 (CL1, Table 4) requirements for ductile iron castings that are in addition to those in the
referenced National Standards. In the title block of a drawing, the CNH Material block shall include the
generic material name, CNH Material Specification number, CNH grade, and CL1 designation. The
Local Material block will not include a Listed or Local material; it shall contain “See Notes”. A material
note on the drawing shall include the Local or National Standard material considered in the original part
design and the MAT2004 Class 1 requirement. Where applicable for castings with critical areas/sections
the note shall include a single flag to identify key mechanical properties as important characteristics. The
following are examples of drawing material designations for ductile iron castings.

9.2.1 Referenced Materials; also see Table 2.

CNH Material
DUCTILE IRON CNH MAT2004, GRADE B, CL1
Local Material
SEE NOTES
MATERIAL (Note on drawing)
DUCTILE IRON, FIAT 52215, GH 45-33-15
MUST ALSO MEET CL1 REQUIREMENTS PER CNH MAT2004
HARDNESS AT LOCATION XXX SHALL BE 150-190 HBW

9.2.2 Restricted Material (RSTR)

CNH Material
DUCTILE IRON CNH MAT2004, GRADE C, CL1, RSTR
Local Material
SEE NOTES
MATERIAL (Note on drawing):
DUCTILE IRON, SAE J434, GRADE D550
MUST ALSO MEET CL1 REQUIREMENTS PER CNH MAT2004
HARDNESS AT LOCATION XXX SHALL BE 187-269 HBW
NO ALTERNATE MATERIAL PERMITTED

9.2.3 Casting with Critical Area/Sections; Mechanical Properties, CNH1 (Single Flag)
CNH Material
DUCTILE IRON, CNH MAT2004, GRADE C, CL1
Local Material
SEE NOTES
MATERIAL (Note on drawing)(Check / test bar locations marked on drawings, see Figures 1, 2, and 3)
DUCTILE IRON, EN 1563, GRADE 600-3
MUST ALSO MEET CL1 REQUIREMENTS PER CNH MAT2004
TENSILE STRENGTH, YIELD STRENGTH, ELONGATION, HARDNESS PER SPECIFIED MATERIAL

INDICATES AN IMPORTANT CHARACTERISTIC REQUIRING

COMPLIANCE WITH ENS0301 (86620212)

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9.2.4 Special Requirements (SPCL)

9.2.4.1 Normalized Ductile Iron

CNH Material
DUCTILE IRON, CNH MAT2004, Grade C, CL1, SPCL
Local Material
SEE NOTES
MATERIAL (Note on drawing)
DUCTILE IRON, SAE J434, GRADE D550
MUST ALSO MEET CL1 REQUIREMENTS PER CNH MAT2004
SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS (SPCL) ARE:
NORMALIZE TO PRODUCE A MICROSTRUCTURE OF 70% MINIMUM PEARLITE

9.2.4.2 Quenched and Tempered Ductile Iron

CNH Material
DUCTILE IRON, CNH MAT2004, CL1, SPCL
Local Material
SEE NOTES
MATERIAL (Note on drawing)
DUCTILE IRON, SAE J434, GRADE DQ&T
MUST ALSO MEET CL1 REQUIREMENTS PER CNH MAT2004
SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS (SPCL) ARE:
QUENCH AND TEMPER TO A HARDNESS OF 48-53 HRC

10. DESIGN PROPERTIES

10.1 Mechanical properties for comparable National Standard material grades are grouped together in
Table 5 and provide information for engineering guidance.
10.2 For design purposes CNH Engineering must consider the differences in dimensional tolerances
and properties of referenced National Standard ductile iron materials to assure functionality, reliability,
and serviceability of a part when manufactured in different parts of the world. In applications when these
differences in local materials are significant and cannot be compensated for in the design, the material
may be restricted to the originally specified local material as described in CNH MAT1003 (86979049)
Metallic Material Designations on Engineering Drawings.

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Table 5 Mechanical Properties

Casting Test Bar Mechanical Properties
CNH Local Material /
Hardness Tensile Strength, Yield Strength, Elongation
Grade National Standard
HBW MPa (psi), Min MPa (psi), Min % Min
(1)
SAE J434, D400 143-170 400 (58,000) 275 (40,000) 18
DIN 1693, GGG40 --- 400 (58,000) 250 (36,000) 15
A EN 1563, 400-18 130-175 typical 400 (58,000) 250 (36,000) 18
EN 1563, 400-15 135-180 typical 400 (58,000) 250 (36,000) 15
Fiat 52215, GH 40-30-15 150-180 390 (56,500) 295 (43,000) 15 typical
(1)
SAE J434, D450 156-217 450 (65,000) 310 (45,000) 12
DIN 1693, GGG50 --- 500 (72,000) 320 (46,000) 7
B EN 1563, 450-10 160-210 typical 450 (65,000) 310 (45,000) 10
EN 1563, 500-7 170-230 typical 500 (72,000) 320 (46,000) 7
Fiat 52215, GH 45-33-15 150-190 440 (64,000) 325 (47,000) 15 typical
(1, 2) (2) (2)
SAE J434, D550 187-269 550 (80,000) 380 (55,000) 6
DIN 1693, GGG60 --- 600 (87,000) 370 (53,500) 3
C
EN 1563, 600-3 190-270 typical 600 (87,000) 370 (53,500) 3
Fiat 52215, GH 60-38-10 190-250 590 (86,000) 370 (53,500) 10 typical
(1)
SAE J434, D700 241-302 700 (102,000) 450 (65,000) 3
DIN 1693, GGG70 --- 700 (102,000) 440 (64,000) 2
D
EN 1563, 700-2 225-305 typical 700 (102,000) 420 (61,000) 2
Fiat 52215, GH 65-48-05 240-280 640 (93,000) 470 (68,000) 5 typical
(1) SAE J434 mechanical properties are measured on separately cast test bars that may vary in casting sections depending on composition
and cooling rate. Hardness values are typical and provided as guideline information in SAE J434, however are required for CNH castings
unless otherwise specified on the drawing.
(2) Where specified for CNH Grade C, SAE J434, D550 requirements apply except casting hardness and elongation shall comply with values
per CNH MAT2004 Table 5.

11. FORMER MATERIALS

Table 6 lists National Standard materials that were previously listed as comparable materials for the CNH
Grades. These materials may be designated on existing CNH drawings and are provided here as a
reference only to correlate to the current CNH Grades and listed National Standard materials. The
Materials listed in Table 6 shall not be used on new or updated drawings.
(1)
Former National Standard Materials
Table 6
(For Reference Only)
CNH Grade ASTM DIN BS EN FIAT
BS 2789, 400/18
A --- --- --- ---
BS 2789, 420/12
BS 2789, 450/10
B --- --- --- ---
BS 2789, 500/7
C --- --- BS 2789, 600/3 --- ---
D --- --- BS 2789, 700/2 --- ---
(1) These material references may be found on some drawings and in previous revisions of MAT2004. When drawings are changed the material
call out should be updated to those listed in Table 2. See referenced national standards for additional information.

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Figure 1 Casting Hardness and Check Locations

Figure 2 Casting Test Bar Locations and Mechanical Properties

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Figure 3 Casting Hardness and Test Bar Check Locations

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ANNEX A –– Typical Composition of Ductile Iron Castings

Chemistry, Weight Percent (1)

Table A1
(When no range is specified the value is maximum)
CNH (2) (3) (3) (3) (3)
C Si Mn P S Mg Cu Cr Sn Ti
Grade
3.50 – 2.40 – 0.025 –
A 0.25 0.050 0.025 0.05 0.05 0.01 0.050
3.80 2.80 0.065
3.50 – 2.20 – 0.25 – 0.025 – 0.10 –
B 0.050 0.025 0.05 0.01 0.050
3.80 2.80 0.35 0.065 0.20
3.50 – 2.20 – 0.30 – 0.030 – 0.40 –
C 0.050 0.025 0.05 0.05 0.050
3.90 2.80 0.50 0.060 0.60
3.50 – 2.20 – 0.40 – 0.025 – 0.60 –
D 0.050 0.025 0.05 0.05 0.050
3.90 2.80 0.50 0.065 0.80
(1) Chemistry values provided are for guidance and are not specification requirements. Poured iron chemistry conforming to composition
ranges per this table can assist foundries in meeting hardness, mechanical property and CL1 requirements for specified CNH grades.
(2) Weight Percentage Sulfur in base metal prior to magnesium treatment.
(3) Alloying elements that may be added to enhance the properties of ductile iron castings.

ANNEX B –– Typical Matrix Microstructure for CNH Grades

Table B1 Matrix Microstructure, Phase Percentage (1)

Pearlite Content Ferrite Content
CNH Grade
(Percent) (Percent)
(2)
A Maximum, 5
B 10 – 65 Remainder
C 40 – 85 (100 - % pearlite)
D 70 - 100
(1) The total summation of pearlite and ferrite phase percentages in the matrix microstructure equals 100% excluding the graphite content.
The matrix microstructure phase percentages in this table provide guidance for engineering and are not specification requirements. The
phase percentages in this table are provided to help achieve required mechanical properties for specified CNH grades.
(2) Where hardness and graphite morphology requirements are met the pearlite content for this grade shall not exceed 15%.

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