MUSIC

MUSICAL ELEMENTS

TIMBRE Sound Quality

PITCH High or Low Sound

TEXTURE How Many Sound

TEMPO Fast or Slow

DURATION Long or Short

STRUCTURE The Musical Plan

DYNAMICS Loud or Quiet

IMPRESSIONISM & EXPRESSIONISM

IMPRESSIONISM
- A term borrowed from painting to describe music that is intended to convey an
Impression rather than a Dramatic or Narrative Idea.
- French Movement in the late 19th and 20th Century.

Features of Impressionism
1. The use of "color", or in musical terms, timbre, which can be achieved through
orchestration, harmonic usage, texture, etc (Timbre is known as the tone color or tone
quality).
2. New combinations of extended chords, harmonies, whole tone, chromatic scales, and
pentatonic scales emerged.
3. Impressionism was an attempt not to depict reality, but merely to suggest it.

The Two Prominent Composers of Impressionism

1. CLAUDE DEBUSSY
- He was the Principal Exponent of the Impressionist movement and the inspiration for
other impressionism composers.
- He reformed the course of musical development by eradicating traditional rules and
conversation into a new language of possibilities in Harmony, Rhythm, Form, Texture
and Color.
- He composed a total of more or less 227 Masterpieces
- "Father of the modern School composition"
- His remarkable and popular composition is Claire De Lune or Moonlight in English.
 2. JOSEPH MAURICE RAVEL
- At the age of 14, He entered the Paris Conservatory where he was musically nurtured by
a prominent french composer, Gabriel Faure.
- His style is Innovative but not Atonal Style of Harmonic Treatment.
- His works are defined with intricate and sometimes modal melodies and Extended
Chordal Components.
- Ravel's defining composition is "Bolero". It's a one movement orchestral piece which
was premiered in 1928.

Virtuoso - A person who's exemplary in musical technique and execution.

EXPRESSIONISM
- A term "Expressionism" was originally used in visual and literary arts and was probably
first applied to music in 1918.

Features of Expressionism
1. High Degree of Dissonance (It's the quality of sounds that seems unstable)
2. Extreme contrast of Dynamics.
3. Constant changing of Texture.
4. Distorted melodies and harmonies
5. Angular melodies with wide leaps.

Composers of Expressionism

1. ARNOLD SCHOENBERG
- His works was greatly influenced by the German Composer Richard Wagner as evident
in his symphonic peom pelleas et melisand op.5 (1903)
- He was responsible for the establishment of the twelve tone system.
- One of his significant composition is the "Three Piano Pieces". This musical piece was
the first composition ever to dispense completely with Tonal means organization.

2. IGOR STRAVINSKY
- Hus early music reflected the influence of his teacher, the Russian composer Nikolai
Rimsky Korsakov
- His first notable composition was "The firebird suite (1910)" which was composed for
Diaghilev's Russian Ballet.
- He added a new ingredient to his nationalist music. The rite of spring (1913) was another
outstanding work showcasing his new techniques.
- He wrote approximately 127 works. Including Concerti, Orchestral, Instrumental, Operas,
Ballet, etc.
- One of his Masterpiece was "Petrouchka". Its a ballet and orchestral concert.

CONCERTI/CONCERTO - Is a musical composition for a solo instrument accompanied by

orchestra.
 MUSICAL COMPOSERS MUSICAL STYLE MUSICAL WORKS
MOVEMENTS

CLAUDE DEBUSSY Convention into a String Quartet

new language of La Mer
possibilities. Clair de lune
227 Compositions
IMPRESSIONISM
MAURICE RAVEL Innovative but not Bolero
Atonal Pavane for a dead
princess
Rhapsodie
Espagnole
60 compositions

ARNOLD Extreme contrast of Verklarte

SCHOENBERG dynamics Pierrot Lunair
Violin Concerto
213 Composition
EXPRESSIONISM
IGOR STRAVINSKY His music is Ballet Petrouscha
structured, precise, The firebird suite
controlled, full of The rite of spring
Artifice, and 127 composition
theatrically.

20TH CENTURY MUSICAL STYLES

Musical styles development in the modern era

● Short-lived
● Being Experiments
● Too Radical in Nature
● Blended the Old and New
● New Inventions and Discoveries

ELECTRONIC MUSIC
- The ability of Electronic Machines such as Synthesizers, Amplifiers, Tape Recorders,
and Loud Speaker to produce Different sounds was popularized by the 20th
Composers like Edgar Varese, Karlheinz Stockhausen, and Mario Davidovsky.
- Music the Uses tape recorder is called "Music Concrete" or "Concrete Music". It
records different sounds heard in the Environment such as Cry of an Infant, Barking if
Dogs, Sound of Typhoon, Etc.

Composers of Electronic Music

 1. EDGAR VARESE (1883-1965)
- "Innovative French-Born Composer"
- Pioneer and created new sounds that boarded between music and noise.
- "Father of Electronic Music"
- He use of new instruments and electronic resources
- Dubbed as the "Stratospheric colossus of sound"
- His Musical Compositions are: Poem Electronique - Created with the use of technology
(an 8 minute piece written in 1958)

2. KARLHEINZ STOCKHAUSEN
- A central figure in the realm of Electronic Music
- He developed his style of total Serealism (The theory of Composing Serial Music)
- His music was initially met with resistance due to Heavy Atonal and No Clear Melodic
Rhymic Sense.
- His works: Gruppen (A piece of three orchestras), Kontakte (Work pushed the tape
machine to its limit), Hymnen (An ambitious two hour work of 40 Juxtaposed song
anthems from around the world), and Litch/Light (Seven part opera)

CHANCE MUSIC
- Known as Aleatoric Music
- A style which the piece always sounds differently at every performance.
- The sounds emenate from the Surroundings, Both natural and man made such as
Honking cars, Rustling Leaves, etc.

Composer of Chance Music

1. JOHN CAGE (1912-1992)

- One of the 20th century composers with broadest array of sounds.
- One of the most composers in the History of western music.
- He challenge the very idea of music by manipulating musical instruments to attain new
sounds.
- He experimented with what came to be known as "Chance Music"
- His Musical Works: 4'33", Methamorphosis, Music for wind instruments.

MUSICAL COMPOSERS MUSICAL STYLES MUSICAL WORKS

MOVEMENTS

EDGAR VARESE Emphasis on timber Poeme Electronique

ELECTRONIC and rhythm and Hyperprism
MUSIC organized sounds Octandre
Ionisation

KARLHEINZ Developed his style Gruppen

STOCKHAUSEN of total Serealism Kontakte
 Hymnen
Licth

CHANCE MUSIC JOHN CAGE Manipulating musical 4'33"

instruments to create Methamorphosis
new sounds Music of wind
instruments

ARTS

ELEMENTS OF ARTS

LINE - Mark made by a pointed tool as a brush, pen,

or stick.
- A moving point.

SHAPES - Flat, enclosed area that has two dimensions,

length and width.
- Artist use both geometric and organic
shapes.

COLOR - Most Dominant Element.

- Created by Light
- Three Properties of color
• Hue (Name)
• Value (Shades and tints)
• Intensity (Brightness)

VALUE - Degrees of lightness and darkness.

- The difference between values is called
value contrast

FORM - Has Three Dimensional Length, width and

height.
- Forms take up space and Volume.

TEXTURE - The feel of an actual surface.

- The surface quality of an object.
- Can be real or implied.

SPACE - Use to create illusion of depth.

- can be 2d, 3d, negative or positive.
 PRINCIPLE OF ARTS

CONTRAST - Created by combining dissimilar art elements.

- Materials and ways of working to draw the
eye.

REPETITION/ PATTERN - Repeating the art elements of line, shapes,

color, value, texture or space.
- regular repeats = formal patters
- irregular repeats = informal patterns

EMPHASIS - Calls the attention to an important idea in an

artwork
- The eye returns to it over and over.

MOVEMENT/ RHYTHM - Can be arranged to represent movements

- Regular repetition of elements can create a
sense of movement/rhythm.

BALANCE - Sense of stability

- to be off balance gives the feeling of unease
- Can be formal (symmetrical), informal
(asymmetrical), or radial (radiate from centre)

UNITY - Occur when each art elements & principle

used has a purpose & all the parts work
together so it's look complete.

ABSTRACTION
- Modern art includes artistic work produced during the period extending roughly
from 1860's and denotes the style and philosophy of art produced during that era.
- A breakway from the traditional form of painting.

ART MOVEMENT
- Tendency or style in art with Specific common philosophy or goal.
- It introduces new techniques, methods, materials, and new themes to produce
art in their own way.

A. IMPRESSIONISM
- Art movement the emerge in the second half of the 19th century among a group
of paris based artist. (Used of vivid colors, Heavy brush, strokes and true to life
subjects.)
 - "Impressionism" was a coined from the title of a work by french painter claude
monet, impression, Soleil levant, (Impression, Sunrise)

1. CLAUDE MONET (1840-1926)

- Founder of impressionist movement
- The most prominent and influential figure.
- He is best known beloved flower gardens and water lily in giverny.

Artworks:
• La prominade, The red boats (,) argentevil, bridge over a pond of water lilies, and
írises in monets garden.

2. AUGUST RENOIR (1841-1919)

- Central figures of the impressionist movement.
- His early works were snapshots of real life, full of sparkling color and light.
- Renoir broke away from the impressionist movement to apply a more disciplined,
formal technique to portraits an actual people and figure paintings.

Artworks:
• Dancer, A girl with a watering can, Mlle Irene Cahen d'anvers, and luncheon of the
boating party.

3. EDOUARD MANET (1832-1883)

- One of the first 19th century artist to depict modern-life subjects.
- He was the key figure in the transition from realism to impressionism

Artworks:
• Argenteuil, rue mosier decker with flags, café concert, the bar at the folies - bergere

B. POST IMPRESSIONISM
- Used of geometric approach, fragmenting objects, and distorting people faces
and body parts, And applying colors that were not necessarily realistic or natural.

1. PAUL CEZANNE (1839-1906)

- A french artist and post impressionist painter.
- His work exemplied the transition from the late 19th century impressionism to add
radically different world of art in the 20th century.

Artworks
 • Hortense Fiquet in a striped skit, still life with compotier, Harlequin, and Boy in a red
vest.

2. VINCENT VAN GOGH (1853-1890)

- Post impressionist painter from Netherlands.
- His works were remarkable for their strong, heavy brush strokes, intense emotions,
and colors that appeared to almost pulsate with energy

Artworks
• Starry Night, Sheaves of wheat in a field, the sower

C. EXPRESSIONISM
- A bold new movement
- Art movement arose in the western art world.
- Artist created works with more emotional force rather than with realistic or natural
images.
- They distorted outlines, applied strong colors, and exaggerated forms.
- They work with Imaginations and feelings rather than with what their eyes saw in
the physical world.

1. NEO-PRIMIVITISM
- Art style that incorporated elements from the native arts of the south sea islander
and the wood carvings of african tribes.
- Western artist, Amedeo Modigliani used oval faces and elongated shapes of
african art in both his sculptures and paintings.

Artworks
- Head
- Yellow Sweater by Modigliani

2. FAUVISM
- A style used bold, vibrant colors and distortions.
- The name derived from les fauves (wild beasts) referring to the group of french
expressionist painters... Mostly known was Henri Matisse.

Artworks
- Blue Widow
- Woman with Hat by Matisse

3. DADAISM
 - Characterized by dream fantasies, memory images, and visual tricks and
suprises.

Artworks
- Melancholy and Mystery of a Street by Giogio De Chirico

4. SURREALISM
- Was a style depicted an illogical sub conscious dream world that seemed to exist
beyond the logical conscious physical one.
- A departure from reality as through the artist were dreaming, seeing illusion or
experiencing altered mental state.

Artworks
- Persistent of Memoy by Salvador Dali
- I and the Village by Marc Chagall

5. SOCIAL REALISM
- Expressed the artist role in social reform.
- Artist used their work to protest against the injustices, inequality, immortality and
ugliness of human condition.

Artworks:
- Miner's Wives by Ben Shahn
- Guernica by Pablo Picasso

ART MOVEMENT SUBJECT/FEATURES

IMPRESSIONISM - Everyday Objects

- Objective Perspective
- Freely brushed colors
- Blurry
- conveys mood and
atmosphere

EXPRESSIONISM - The subjects are all from

imagination
- Subject Perspective
- Vivid Coloration
- Distorted
- Expresses Emotion

FILIPINO IMPRESSIONISM ARTISTS AND ARTWORKS

Tampuhan - Juan Luna
Planting Rice - Fernando Amorsolo
Duyan - Jun Martinez

FILIPINO EXPRESSIONISM ARTISTS AND ARTWORKS

Man on fire - Kiukok

Woman with yellow blossom - Onib Olmedo
Hills - Nikko Jose Joya

D. ABSTRACTIONISM
- Movement arouse from the intellectual pov in the 20th century
- Logical and Rational
- Involved analyzing, detaching, selecting and simplifying.

Representation Abstractionism - Recognizable Subjects

Pure Abstractionism - No Recognizable Subjects

1. CUBISM
- Derived from Cube
- 3d geometric figure composed of strict measured lines, planes and angles.
- Artist was Pablo Picasso

Artworks
• Three Musicians by Pablo Picasso
• Three Musicians and Girl before a mirror by Pablo Picasso

2. FUTURISM
- Began in italy in the 1900s
- Futurist created art for a fast-paced, machine propelled Age
- The admired the motion, force, strength, speed of mechanical forms.

Artwork
• Armored Train by Gino Sevrini

3. MECHANICAL STYLE
- The basic forms such as planes, cones, sphere, and cylinder all fit together
precisely and neatly in their appointed places.
Artwork
• The City by Fernand Leger

4. NON OBJECTIVISM
- The geometrical conclusion of abstractionism.
- didn't use figures
- Lines, Shapes, Colors were used in a cool, impersonal approach that aimed for
balance, unity, and stability.
- Colors were mainly black, white and primary colors

Artwork
• New york City by Piet Mondrian

E. ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM
- (American Painters) as opposed to "The school of Paris"

1. ACTION PAINTING
- One form of abstract expressionism was seen in the works of Jackson pollock.
- He worked on huge canvases spread on the floor, splattering, Squirting, abd
dribbling paint.
- Ex. Autumn Rhythm by Jackson Pollock

2. COLOR FIELD PAINTING

- Used of different color saturations (purity, vividness, intensity) to create their
desired effects.

3. PICTOGRAPH APPROACH
- Filling the canvas with repeating pictures fragments or symbols.

4. POP ART
- Commonplace, Trivial, Even nonsensical objects
- ex. Marilyn Monroe and Twelve cars by Andy Warhol

5. OP ART (OPTICAL ART)

- Form of action Painting with the action taken place in the viewer's eyes.

6. CONCEPTUAL ARTS
- Arose in the mind of the artist took cocreate form for a time, and then
disappeared (Unless it was captured)
 - Ex. One and three chairs by Joseph Kosuth

CONTEMPORARY ART
Installation Art is a contemporary art form that uses sculptural material and other media
to modify the way the viewers experiences a particular space.

Artworks:
- Cordillera Labyrinth by Roberto Villanueva
- Pasyon at Rebolusyon by Santiago Bose

PERFORMANCE ART
Is a form of Modern art in which the actions of an Individual or Group at Particular
Space or in a time constitute the work. It can happen everywhere.

Four Basic Elements: Time, Space, The performer's body and The relationship
between performers and audience.

PHYSICAL EDUCATION (P.E)

Components of physical education:

Health Related fitness

- Components that have relationship with good or a lower risk of illness Disease.

Skills Related fitness

- Have a relationship with learning motor skills.
- To achieve a high level of performance in sport.

HEALTH RELATED FITNESS

1. BODY COMPOSITION
- A ratio of body fat relative to their body tissue.

2. CARDIOVASCULAR ENDURANCE
- The ability of heart and lungs, blood vessels to deliver oxygen to the working
muscles and tissues
 3. FLEXIBILITY
- Ability of Joints to move through a full range of motion.

4. MUSCULAR ENDURANCE
- An ability of muscle to tried exercices many times.

5. MUSCULAR STRENGTH.
- Amount of force put forth by a muscle or muscle group.

BODY MASS INDEX (BMI)

WEIGHT
- heaviness or lightness of the person.

HEIGHT
- Distance between Feet on the floor to the top of head.

WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE
- Measure visceral fat, contributes to more risk of cardiovascular and diabetes

SKILLS RELATED FITNESS

1. Speed
2. Agility
3. Balance
4. Power
5. Coordination
6. Reaction Time

1. AGILITY
- It is the ability of the body to move in different directions quickly.

2. POWER
- It is the ability of the muscle to transfer energy and release maximum force at a
fast time

3. COORDINATION
 - It is the ability to use senses with the body parts to perform motor tasks smoothly
and accurately.

4. BALANCE
- It is the ability of the body to maintain the equilibrium while stationary or moving.

5. REACTION TIME
- It is the amount of time, it takes to respond to certain stimulus.

6. SPEED
- It is the ability to perform movement in one direction in the shortest period of
time.

PHYSICAL FITNESS TEST

1. BASIC PLANK
- A simple fitness test of core muscle strength

2. PUSH UP
- Measures upper body strength and endurance.

3. STANDING LONG JUMP

- Measures lower-body horizontal explosiveness and/or power.

4. SIT AND REACH

- Measures the flexibility of the clients lower back and hamstrings

5. ZIPPER TEST
- Measures how mobile and flexible your upper arms and shoulder joints are.

6. 3 MINUTE STEP TEST

- Design to measure a person's aerobic fitness. It increase Heart rate and to
evaluate the heart's recovery rate.

7. 40 METER SPRINT
- A 40 meter run primarily to evaluate the speed of the person.

8. HEXAGON AGILITY TEST

- Involves quickly Jumping in and out of a hexagon shape

9. STICK DRIP TEST

 - Use to determine how long it takes for a person to respond.

10. JUGGLING
- Main objective is to hit the cramped paper alternately.

PHYSICAL FITNESS
- Measure of the body's ability to function efficiently and effectively in work leisure
activities, to be healthy, to resist hypokinetic disease, and to meet emergency
situation.

GENERAL FITNESS
- A state of Health and Well being

SPECIFIC FITNESS
- Is a task oriented definition based on the ability to perform specific aspect of
sports or occupation.

ACTIVE RECREATION
- Are those Activities held during one's leisure time. Their purpose is to refresh
oneself by doing activities that are considered by an individual as enjoyable.

STRENGTH TRAINING
- It involves the performance of physical Exercises which are designed to improve
strength and endurance. It is often associated with the use of weights but can
take a variety of different forms

PROPER NUTRITION FOR EXERCISES

● NUTRITION
- Is the branch of health science that emphasizes the importance of the food for
growth and development, as well as lowering the chances of acquiring diseases
and illnesses.

● MACRO NUTRIENTS
- This are mandatory intake of the bodsy in large amount such as carbohydrates,
fats, proteins and water.

● MICRONUTRIENTS
 - This are only needed in a very little amounts such as vitamins and minerals.
They all aid our bodies to produce enzymes, hormones and other substances
critical to growth and development.

FITT PRINCIPLE

FREQUENCY
- Number of sessions in a week

TIME
- Duration or distance covered in an exercise session

INTENSITY
- Difficulty level of the exercise or work demand of an exercise.

TYPE
- (Mode of exercise or activity)

FIVE BASIC STRENGTH TRAINING EXERCISES

PUSH-UPS
- Regular push-ups is required to most people

SQUATS
- From an upright position with arms and hands crossed in front of chest or up,
squat lower the thighs are parallel to the ground.

SUPERMAN (Prone back extension)

- Lift both arms and legs. Try not to bend the legs; then lower arms and legs
without relaxing in the ground.

CRUNCHES
- From the supine lying position while legs are bent and arms touching the ears.
Lift the head and shoulders with the shoulder

LUNGES
- Keep your shoulders lifted off the floor without your neck.
HEART RATE
- Is an indicator of the level of participation in physical activity. The intensity of the
activity is measured by the percentage of the maximum heart rate (max HR)
during exercise which literally means the maximum number of times the heart
contracts in a minute.

MAXIMUM HEART RATE FORMULA

220-Your Age = MAXhr

RPE SCALE (Rate of Perceived Exertion)

1 Very Light Activity (Anything other than complete rest)

2-3 Light Activity (Feels like you can maintain for hours, easy to
breathe and carry on conversation)

4-5 Moderate Activity (Feels like you can Exercise for long period
of time, able to talk and hold short conversation)

6-7 Vigorous Activity (On the verge of becoming uncomfortabl,

short of breath, can speak a sentence)

8-9 Very Hard Activity (Difficult to maintain Exercise intensity,

hard to speak more than a single word)

10 Max Effort (Feels impossible to continue, completely out of

breath, unable to talk)

RPE APPROXIMATE LEVEL OF EXERTION

1 10% No Exertion

2 20% Very Very Weak

3 30% Very Weak

4 40% Weak

5 50% Moderate

6 60% Somewhat Strong

7 70% Strong
 8 80% Very Strong

HEALTH
CONSUMER HEALTH
- It's about making decisions and having a clear and deeper understanding to
make wise choice.
- Consumer health aims to develop a person’s ability to evaluate and utilize health
information, products, and services wisely and effectively.

Consumer health has three components:

Health information, Health products, and Health services

1. HEALTH INFORMATION
- Is any concept, step, or advice that various sources give to aid the health status
of an individual.
- The information is critical as it may alter the health conditions of a person.
Another important characteristic of health information is that it is continuously and
rapidly changing.
Some of Reliable Sources of Information
1. Medical and Health Professionals
2. Government Agencies like Department of Health (DOH), Food and Drug
Administration (FDA), Bureau of Food and Drugs (BFAD), Department of Trade
and Industry (DTI)
3. Websites ending in .gov, .edu, and .org
4. Local Health officials
5. Educational Institution

Some of Unreliable Sources of Information

1. Oudated customs, practices, and superstition without scientific basis
2. Information based on ignorance and prejudice
3. Commercialized Health information
4. Personal option and Incomplete Information
5. Quack or Pseudo Healer.

2. HEALTH PRODUCTS
- Are food, drugs, cosmetics, devices, biologicals, vaccines, in-vitro diagnostic
reagents, and household/urban hazardous substances and/or a combination of
and/or a derivative thereof (FDA Act,2009).
- Can find in Supermarkets, Pharmacies, and Hospital
 3. HEALTH SERVICES
- This programs aim to appraise the health conditions of individuals through
screening and examinations, cure and treat disorders, prevent and control the
spread of diseases, provide safety, emergency care, and first aid, and ensure a
follow-up program for individuals who have done treatments.
- Health services are usually offered by healthcare providers.
- Ex. Medical and Dental consultation and treatment, Services from beauty
salon, and Barber Shops.

CRITERIA FOR HEALTH INFORMATION, PRODUCTS, AND SERVICES

1. Credibility - Tells about the source and up to date information.

2. Content - Accuracy, Disclaimer, and Completeness of Information
3. Disclosure - Purpose and Caution of the information
4. Interactivity - Feedback mechanism and means of information exchange
between the source and the customer.

A HEALTH-CARE PROVIDER is a trained professional who provides people with

healthcare.

HEALTH SERVICES Are usually offered by healthcare providers.

Components of Healthcare provider: Health Professional, Healthcare Facilities, and

Health Insurance.

HEALTH PROFESSIONALS
- Individuals who are licensed to practice medicine and other allied health
programs.

Types of Physician based on their area of specialization

A. Pediatician - Specializes in children's care and treatment of diseases.
B. Psychiatrist - Specializes in the Diagnosis and treatment of mental disorder
C. Obstetrician - Specializes in the Care of women during Pregnancy and
Childbirth
D. Ophthalmologist - Specializes in diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases and
disorders
E. Anesthesiologist - Specializes in administering various anesthetics to assure
proper operative procedures.
F. Dermatologist - specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of skin diseases.
 G. Cardiologist - specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of the heart and blood
vessels.
H. Allergist - specializes in diagnosing and treating body reactions resulting from
unusual sensitivity to food, medicine, dust and other substances.
I. Pulmonologist - specializes in diseases of the lungs and respiratory tract.
J. Neurologist - specializes in providing diagnosis and surgical treatment of
diseases of the nervous system.
K. Gastroenterologist - specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases in
the gastrointestinal system.
L. Geriatrician - specializes in care of elderly and the diseases that affect them.
M. Surgeon - specializes in performing surgical operation in treating diseases,
injuries and deformities.
N. Urologist - specializes in diseases and abnormalities of the gastro-urinary tract.
O. Gynecologist - specializes in diseases and care of the female reproductive
organs.

Healthcare Practitioner
- An independent healthcare provider who is licensed to practice on a specific area
of the body
- Examples: Dentist, Optometrists

Allied Health Professionals

- Trained healthcare provider who practices under the supervision of a physician
or healthcare practitioner.
- Examples: Nurses, Pharmacists, physical therapists.

HEALTH FACILITIES
- Healthcare facilities are places or institutions that offer healthcare services.

There are different types of healthcare facilities:

A. Hospital
- An institution where people undergo medical diagnosis, care and treatment.
- A hospital offers different types of medical care like inpatient (Need to stay in the
hospital) and outpatient (Does not require the patient to stay in the
hospital)care.
- Kinds of Hospitals: private, voluntary, government and teaching
- Classifications of Hospitals: General (Have complete medical, surgical, and
maternal care facilities) and Specialty (Handle a particular disease or condition)

B. Walk in Surgery Center

 - It is a facility that offers surgery without the patient being admitted in the hospital

C. Health Center
- The services in a health center cater to a specific population with various health
needs.

D. Extended Healthcare Facility

- A facility that provides treatment, nursing care, and residential services to
patients, often the elderly.

HEALTH INSURANCE
- A financial agreement between an insurance company and an individual or group
for the payment of healthcare costs.
- This also may pertain to a “protection that provides benefits for sickness and
injury”.
- Health insurance may be sourced from both public and private companies.
Example: PhilHealth and Private Healthcare plans

QUACKERY
- is a form of a health fraud, an advertisement, promotion, or sale of products and
services that have not been scientifically proven safe and effective. It is being
operated by a quack. A quack is a person who dishonestly pretends to have
medical skills or knowledge.

Characteristic of Quackery
- It is a big business.
- It multiplies and spreads fast. It is progressive.
- It is claimed that it is for incurable condition

Possible Effects of Quackery

1. Taking a quack "cure" may delay or lose the chance to be healed.
2. The person may experience placebo effect - that he/she improves for natural reasons
and not because of the substance that the quack provides.
3. Loss of money
4. Giving false hopes to the sick person and the family.
5. The actual damage done to the Individual by using fake products and services
6. It may cause overdose and over medicines.

COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE HEALTHCARE MODALITIES

 - are treatments that are applied along with typical and accepted medical
treatments but are not standard.

4 MAJOR DOMAINS
1. Biologybased practices - are taking herbal medicine
2. Manipulative and body- based practices - are bodykinesthetic are concerned
with movement therapy.
3. Energy medicine - Uses magnetic fields of biofields
4. Mind-body medicine- uses mental exercises in belief that the brain is central to
the health.

THERE ARE TEN HERBS THAT ARE PROVEN AND TESTED TO HAVE MEDICINAL
VALUE AND APPROVED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH (DOH)

1. AKAPULCO✓ For ringworm and other skin (fungal) infections

2. AMPALAYA✓ For non-insulin dependent diabetic patients
3. BAWANG✓ For blood pressure control
4. LAGUNDI✓For cough and asthma
5. BAYABAS✓ For use as antiseptic to disinfect wounds
✓ For mouthwash or tooth decay and gum infection
6. NIYOG-NIYOGAN✓ For intestinal worms, particularly ascaris and trichina.
7. PANSIT-PANSITAN✓ For arthritis and gout
8. SAMBONG✓ For urinary stones
9. TSAANG GUBAT✓ For mouthwash
10. YERBA BUENA✓ For relief from body aches and pains

ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE

ACUPUNCTURE
- It is a form of energy medicine where long thin needles are inserted to specific
parts of the body to affect the energy flow.

REFLEXOLOGY
- Similar to acupuncture, reflexology focuses on treating specific disorders through
massaging the palms of the hand and soles of the feet.

NUTRITION THERAPHY
- Nutrition therapy approaches treatment of a medical condition by providing a
tailored diet for the patient.

ACUPRESSURE
 - Acupressure uses the same technique as that of acupuncture but it does not use
needles but hands to apply pressure on certain points of the body.

The Consumer Act of the Philippines is a law that protects the interest of the promotes
consumer, general welfare, and establishes standards of conduct for business and
industry

BUREAU OF FOOD AND DRUGS (BFAD)

1. Serves as DOH key regulatory agency and Implementer of the country's food control
system
2. Ensures safe and good quality processed food, drug, and cosmetics
3. Regulates production, sale and traffic of food, drug, and cosmetics
4. Protects the health of the consumers and handles consumer complaints

DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH (DOH)

1. Provides national policy direction and develops national plans, technical standards
and guidelines in health
2. Regulates all health services and products
3. Inspects establishments that dispense food
4. Adopts measures to ensure the quality of meat, milk products, cosmetics, and other
consumer goods

DEPARTMENT OF TRADE AND INDUSTRY (DTI)

1. Serves as the primary coordinative, promotive, facilitative, and regulatory arm of the
government for the country's trade, industry, and investment activities
2. Ensures the quality and safety of products
3. Checks the warranty and price tags of products
4. Monitors advertisements and retail ways in order to prevent any deception of
consumer
5.Guaranties consumer welfare and protection

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
● International Food Protection Institute (IFPI) - ensures food protection through
policies and practices for a safer global food supply.

● Food and Drug Administration (FDA) - responsible for protecting the public
health by assuring the safety, efficacy, and security of human and veterinary
drugs, biological products, medical devices, our nation's food supply, cosmetics,
and products that emit radiation.
● World Health Organization (WHO) - directs international health within the
United Nation's System and to lead partners and global health responses.

8 CONSUMER RIGHTS
1. Right to safety
2. Right to redress
3. Right to basic needs
4. Right to representation
5. Right to choose
6. Right to consumer education
7. Right to safety
8. Right to a healthy environment

GOODLUCK!!!