AoPS Community 2001 National Olympiad First Round

National Olympiad First Round 2001

www.artofproblemsolving.com/community/c4356
by matematikolimpiyati

1 Let A, B, C be points on [OX and D, E, F be points on [OY such that |OA| = |AB| = |BC| and
|OD| = |DE| = |EF |. If |OA| > |OD|, which one below is true?

(A) For every XOY

\ , Area(AEC) > Area(DBF )

(B) For every XOY

\ , Area(AEC) = Area(DBF )

(C) For every XOY

\ , Area(AEC) < Area(DBF )

(D) If m(XOY
\ ) < 45◦ then Area(AEC) < Area(DBF ), and if 45◦ < m(XOY
\ ) < 90◦ then
Area(AEC) > Area(DBF )
(E) None of above

2 Each of the football teams Istanbulspor, Yesildirek, Vefa, Karagumruk, and Adalet, played ex-
actly one match against the other four teams. Istanbulspor defeated all teams except Yesildirek;
Yesildirek defeated Istanbulspor but lost to all the other teams. Vefa defeated all except Istan-
bulspor. The winner of the game Karagumruk-Adalet is Karagumruk. In how many ways one
can order these five teams such that each team except the last, defeated the next team?
(A) 5 (B) 7 (C) 8 (D) 9 (E) None of the preceding

3 How many primes p are there such that 2p4 − 7p2 + 1 is equal to square of an integer?
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 4 (D) Infinitely many (E) None of the preceding

x2000 √ √ √
4 How many real solution does the equation + 2 3x2 − 2 5x + 3 have?
2001
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 11 (D) 12 (E) None of the preceding

5 Let ABCD be a trapezoid such that AB k CD, |AB| < |CD|, and Area(ABC) = 30. Let the
line through B parallel to AD meet [AC] at E. If |AE| : |EC| = 3 : 2, then what is the area of
trapezoid ABCD?
(A) 45 (B) 60 (C) 72 (D) 80 (E) 90

6 How many 5−digit positive numbers which contain only odd numbers are there such that there
is at least one pair of consecutive digits whose sum is 10?
(A) 3125 (B) 2500 (C) 1845 (D) 1190 (E) None of the preceding

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AoPS Community 2001 National Olympiad First Round

7 How many ordered triples of positive integers (a, b, c) are there such that (2a + b)(2b + a) = 2c ?
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3 (E) None of the preceding

8 Which of the followings gives the product of the real roots of the equation x4 + 3x3 + 5x2 +
21x − 14 = 0?
(A) − 2 (B) 7 (C) − 14 (D) 21 (E) None of the preceding

9 What is the largest possible area of an isosceles trapezoid in which the largest side is 13 and
the perimeter is 28?
(A) 13 (B) 24 (C) 27 (D) 28 (E) 30

10 At each step, we are changing the places of exactly two numbers from the sequence 1, 2, 3, 4,
5, 6, 7. How many different arrangements can be formed after two steps?
(A) 88 (B) 100 (C) 120 (D) 176 (E) 441

11 For how many integers n, does the equation system

2x + 3y = 7
5x + ny = n2

have a solution over integers?

(A) 0 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 8 (E) None of the preceding

12 A circle with center O and radius 15 is given. Let P be a point such that |OP | = 9. How many
of the chords of the circle pass through P and have integer length?
(A) 11 (B) 12 (C) 13 (D) 14 (E) 29

13 Let ABC be a triangle such that |BC| = 7 and |AB| = 9. If m(ABC) \ then what
\ = 2m(BCA),
is the area of the triangle?
√ √ √ √
(A) 14 5 (B) 30 (C) 10 6 (D) 20 2 (E) 12 3

14 Let x1 , x2 , . . . , xn be a positive integer sequence such that each term is less than or equal to
2001 and for every i ≥ 3, xi = |xi−1 − xi−2 |. What is the largest possible value of n?
(A) 1000 (B) 2001 (C) 3002 (D) 4003 (E) None of the preceding

15 How many different solutions does the congruence x3 + 3x2 + x + 3 ≡ 0 (mod 25) have?
(A) 0 (B) 2 (C) 4 (D) 5 (E) 6

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AoPS Community 2001 National Olympiad First Round

16 The polynomial P (x) = x3 + ax + 1 has exactly one solution on the interval [−2, 0) and has
exactly one solution on the interval (0, 1] where a is a real number. Which of the followings
cannot be equal to P (2)?
√ √ √ √ √
(A) 17 (B) 3 30 (C) 26 − 1 (D) 30 (E) 3 10

17 Let ABC be a triangle such that midpoints of three altitudes are collinear. If the largest side
of triangle is 10, what is the largest possible area of the triangle?
(A) 20 (B) 25 (C) 30 (D) 40 (E) 50

18 A convex polygon has at least one side with length 1. If all diagonals of the polygon have
integer lengths, at most how many sides does the polygon have?
(A) 3 (B) 5 (C) 7 (D) 10 (E) None of the preceding

19 If the integers m, n, k hold the equation 221m + 247n + 323k = 2001, what is the smallest
possible value of k greater than 100?
(A) 124 (B) 111 (C) 107 (D) 101 (E) None of the preceding

20 If the sum of any 10 of 21 real numbers is less than the sum of remaining 11 of them, at least
how many of these 21 numbers are positive?
(A) 18 (B) 19 (C) 20 (D) 21 (E) None of the preceding

21 Let b be the length of the largest diagonal and c be the length of the smallest diagonal of a
regular nonagon with side length a. Which one of the followings is true?
a+c √ a2 + c2
(A) b = (B) b = ac (C) b2 =
2 2
(D) c = a + b (E) c2 = a2 + b2

22 A ladder is formed by removing some consecutive unit squares of a 10 × 10 chessboard such

that for each k−th row (k ∈ {1, 2, . . . , 10}), the leftmost k − 1 unit squares are removed. How
many rectangles formed by composition of unit squares does the ladder have?
(A) 625 (B) 715 (C) 1024 (D) 1512 (E) None of the preceding

23 Which of the followings is false for the sequence 9, 99, 999, . . . ?

(A) The primes which do not divide any term of the sequence are finite.
(B) Infinitely many primes divide infinitely many terms of the sequence.
(C) For every positive integer n, there is a term which is divisible by at least n distinct prime
numbers.

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AoPS Community 2001 National Olympiad First Round

(D) There is an inteter n such that every prime number greater than n divides infinitely many
terms of the sequence.
(E) None of above

24 How many real roots of the equation

x2 − 18[x] + 77 = 0

are not integer, where [x] denotes the greatest integer not exceeding the real number x?
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3 (E) None of the preceding

25 The circumradius of acute triangle ABC is twice of the distance of its circumcenter to AB. If
|AC| = 2 and |BC| = 3, what is the altitude passing through C?
√ 3√ 4√ 1√ 2√
(A) 14 (B) 21 (C) 21 (D) 21 (E) 14
7 7 2 3

26 Berk tries to guess the two-digit number that Ayca picks. After each guess, Ayca gives a hint
indicating the number of digits which match the number picked. If Berk can guarantee to guess
Ayca’s number in n guesses, what is the smallest possible value of n?
(A) 9 (B) 10 (C) 11 (D) 15 (E) 20

27 If decimal representation of 2n starts with 7, what is the first digit in decimal representation of
5n ?
(A) 1 (B) 3 (C) 5 (D) 7 (E) 9

28 The towns A, B, C, D, E are located clockwise on a circular road such that the distance be-
tween A and B, B and C, C and D, E and A are 5, 5, 2, 1 and 4 km respectively. A health center
will be located on that road such that the sum of distances to all towns will be minimum. How
many alternative locations are there for the health center?
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3 (E) None of the preceding

29 Let ABCD be a isosceles trapezoid such that AB||CD and all of its sides are tangent to a
circle. [AD] touches this circle at N . N C and N B meet the circle again at K and L, respectively.
|BN | |CN |
What is + ?
|BL| |CK|
(A) 4 (B) 6 (C) 8 (D) 9 (E) 10

30 There are n airports which form a regular n-gon. In the beginnig, there is exactly one plane at
only k airports. Each of the planes flies to one of the nearest airport each day. For which of

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AoPS Community 2001 National Olympiad First Round

the following ordered pairs (n, k), it is impossible to gather all planes at a airport on one day
however the planes are arranged initially?
(A) (10, 6) (B) (10, 4) (C) (11, 3) (D) (11, 5) (E) (13, 8)

31 What is the largest integer n such that 2n + 65 is equal to square of an integer?

(A) 1024 (B) 268 (C) 10 (D) 4 (E) None of the preceding
√
32 What is the 33-rd number after the decimal point of ( 10 + 3)2001 ?
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 4 (E) 8
√
33 Let ABC be a triangle such that |AC| = 1 and |AB| = 2. Let M be a point such that |M A| =
|AB|, m(M\ AB) = 90◦ , and C and M are on the opposite sides of AB. Let N be a point such
that |N A| = |AX|, m(N
\ AC) = 90◦ , and B and N are on the opposite sides of AC. If the line
|BF |
passing throung A and the circumcenter of triangle M AN meets [BC] at F , what is ?
|F C|
√ √ √
(A) 2 2 (B) 2 3 (C) 2 (D) 3 (E) 3 2

34 Let f be a real-valued function defined over ordered pairs of integers such that

f (x + 3m − 2n, y − 4m + 5n) = f (x, y)

for every integers x, y, m, n. At most how many elements does the range set of f have?
(A) 7 (B) 8 (C) 15 (D) 49 (E) Infinitely many

35 How many ordered pairs (p, n) are there such that (1 + p)n = 1 + pn + np where p is a prime
and n is a positive integer?
(A) 5 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D) 0 (E) None of the preceding

36 Let a and b be positive real numbers such that ab(a−b) = 1. Which of the followings can a2 +b2
take?
√ √
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 2 2 (D) 11 (E) None of the preceding

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