WELCOME CLASS

MAPEH
(HEALTH)

Ms. Jennifer Elentorio

Community Health
Problems and
Environmental
Issues
Perennial Community
Health Problems
Improper Disposal of Human Excreta and Sewage
Human waste is considered a biowaste, as it is a
vector for both viral and bacterial diseases. It can be a
serious health hazard if it gets into sources of drinking
water. It causes health problems when different kinds
of waste are mixed together, such as when factories
dump toxic chemicals into sewers. Improper disposal
of human excreta and sewage leads to contamination
of water sources used for drinking, flooding, and even
waterborne diseases.
Sewage-treatment plants, septic tanks,
and improving pit latrine are the best way to
resolved these problems.
Prevalence of Infectious
Diseases
Infectious diseases are disorders
caused by organisms bacteria, fungi,
parasites and viruses. Many factors are
contributing to disease emergence,
including climate change, globalization,
and urbanization, and most of these
factors are to some extent caused by
humans.
Emerging infectious diseases are
increasing, causing losses in both
human and animal lives, as well as large
costs to society.
It can be prevented through good
personal hygiene, boosting of immune
system, vaccination, and proper
treatment.
Improper Waste Disposal
Waste that was disposed improperly
become a significant source of pollution.
The reckless throwing of garbage,
laziness, ignorance, and greed of people
are the roots of this problem. There are
harmful effects of improper waste
disposal in human it affects our health,
climate, air, water, and soil
contamination.
Waste management such as
decomposing and practicing the
4R’s (Refuse, Reduce, Reuse,
and Recycle) of waste
management are the best
solutions to the growing
problem of waste.
 Improper Food Sanitation
The improper handling of food
critically affects the health of
the people in a community.
Food contaminants such as
bacteria, pathogens, and
viruses can cause food-
related diseases. It can be
serious and fatal.
Food poisoning can be prevented through maximum
hygienic standards of food preparation, and official bodies
must supervise and inspect establishment for food safety.
Lack of Water Supply
The access to clean and adequate water
source is one of the problems in the country
today. Water scarcity have a direct impact on
crops, livestock, and to humans. It can lead to
food shortages, waterborne diseases and
eventually starvation.

Preservation of water resources, water

conservation, control of water
pollution, and social awareness are the
keys to solve this perilous problem.
Drug Abuse Drug abuse may lead to social, physical,
emotional, job-related problems. Drug
addiction is a destructive issue that can
have an adverse effect on the
community. Drug users are more likely
to violate laws and commit crimes. They
used illegal drugs out of curiosity, to
have a good time, peer pressure, or to
ease problems such as anxiety and
depression.

Drug education on the harmful effects

of illegal drugs, parental monitoring,
close family ties are some of the ways
to prevent the abuse and misuse of
drugs.
 Nature of
Environmental
Issues
Pollution
The addition of any substance (solid,
liquid, or gas) or any form of energy (such
as heat, sound, or radioactivity) to the
environment at a rate faster than it can be
dispersed, diluted, decomposed,
recycled, or stored in some harmless
form. The major kinds of pollution, usually
classified by the environment, are air
pollution, water pollution, and land
pollution.
Water Pollution
occurs when harmful substances—
often chemicals or
microorganisms—contaminate a
stream, river, lake, ocean, aquifer,
or other bodies of water, degrading
water quality, and rendering it toxic
to humans or the environment.
Waterborne diseases transmitted
through drinking contaminated
water. Water contaminants can lead
to aquatic poisoning.
 Air Pollution
refers to the release of pollutants into the air
that are detrimental to human health and
the planet as a whole. It causes allergies,
respiratory and cardiovascular diseases as
well as lung damage to human. It also
contributes to the formation of acid rain,
atmospheric precipitations in the form of
rain, frost, snow or fog, which are released
during the combustion of fossil fuels.
 Noise Pollution
is generally defined as regular exposure to
elevated sound levels that may lead to
adverse effects in humans or other living
organisms. According to the World Health
Organization, sound levels less than 70 dB
are not damaging to living organisms,
regardless of how long or consistent the
exposure is. It can lead to permanent
hearing damage or loss to human and can
also affects the marine life reproduction
 Soil Pollution
is defined as the presence of toxic
chemicals (pollutants or
contaminants) in soil, in high enough
concentrations to pose a risk to
human health and/or the ecosystem.
It can lead to damage of vital organs
to human. Crop yield will be greatly
affected in soil contamination.
 Climate change
describes a change in the average conditions —
such as temperature and rainfall — in a region
over a period of time. Global climate change
refers to the average long-term changes over
the entire Earth. These include warming
temperatures and changes in precipitation, as
well as the effects of Earth’s warming, such as
rising sea levels, shrinking mountain glaciers,
ice melting at a faster rate than usual in
Greenland, Antarctic, Arctic, and changes in
flower and plant blooming time.
Deforestation is the permanent removal of trees to
make room for something besides
forest. This can include clearing the
land for agriculture or grazing, or using
the timber for fuel, construction, and
manufacturing. It causes soil erosion
and flooding can lead to loss of
property and human life. Deforestation
also affects biodiversity and the
natural processes in the ecosystem.
 Overpopulation
occurs when the number of
humans in a specific geographical
location exceeds the carrying
capacity of the place occupied by
that group. It increases crime
rate, habitat loss, emergence of
epidemic, and depletion of natural
resources.
Species Extinction
is an irreversible loss of part of the
biological richness of the Earth.
Extinction refers to the loss of species
or other taxonomic units (e.g.,
subspecies, genus, family, etc.; each is
known as a taxon) occurring when
there are no surviving individuals
elsewhere. Extinctions can disrupt vital
ecological processes such as
pollination and seed dispersal, leading
to cascading losses, ecosystem
collapse, and a higher extinction rate
THANK YOU CLASS!