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Stats Data and Models Canadian 1st Edition de Veaux Test Bank
Stats Data and Models Canadian 1st Edition de Veaux Test Bank
1) For the model = 1.77 + 1.6x, predict y when x = 2. Round to two decimal places.
A) 4.97
B) 0.20
C) -0.70
D) -1.43
E) 0.17
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Type: BI
Objective: (10.1) Evaluate Re-Expression Function
2) For the model ln = 3.21 + 8.1x, predict y when x = 5. Round to two decimal places.
A) 1.64
B) 43.71
C) 9,616,384,107,947,345,920.00
D) is undefined for x = 5.
E) 3.78
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Type: BI
Objective: (10.1) Evaluate Re-Expression Function
3) For the model = 4.16 + 7.9 , predict y when x = 4. Round to two decimal places.
A) 130.56
B) 19.96
C) 35.76
D) 0.00
E) -11.64
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Type: BI
Objective: (10.1) Evaluate Re-Expression Function
4) For the model = 2.93( ), predict y when x = 2. Round to two decimal places.
A) 396.97
B) 49.17
C) 16.53
D) 135.48
E) 39.85
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Type: BI
Objective: (10.1) Evaluate Re-Expression Function
5) For the model = 2.72 + 2.3x, predict y when x = 5. Round to two decimal places.
A) 14.22
B) 13.49
C) 14.79
D) -14.22
E) -14.79
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Type: BI
Objective: (10.1) Evaluate Re-Expression Function
6) For the model = 4.3 + 0.1x, predict y when x = 5. Round to two decimal places.
A) 23.04
B) 22.23
C) 24.27
D) 4.8
E) 2.19
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Type: BI
Objective: (10.1) Evaluate Re-Expression Function
7) For the model = 2.8 , predict y when x = 4. Round to two decimal places.
A) 3.76
B) 11.2
C) 4.88
D) 4.48
E) 7.03
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Type: BI
Objective: (10.1) Evaluate Re-Expression Function
8) For the model = 1.4 + 0.08 log x, predict y when x = 2. Round to two decimal places.
A) 6.72
B) 9.4
C) 1.42
D) 1.56
E) -0.94
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Type: BI
Objective: (10.1) Evaluate Re-Expression Function
9) For the model log = 2.1 + 0.5x, predict y when x = 2. Round to two decimal places.
A) 158,489.32
B) 1,267.63
C) 1,258.93
D) 1,274.13
E) 0.49
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Type: BI
Objective: (10.1) Evaluate Re-Expression Function
10) For the model = 0.1 + 2.1x + 8, predict y when x = 3. Round to two decimal places.
A) 33.6
B) 17
C) -33.6
D) 15.2
E) -15.2
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Type: BI
Objective: (10.1) Evaluate Re-Expression Function
2) The model = 3.30 + 0.235(speed) can be used to predict the stopping distance (in centimetres) for a
car traveling at a specific speed (in km/h). According to this model, about how much distance will a car going 65
km/h need to stop?
A) 345.0 cm
B) 729.0 cm
C) 4.3 cm
D) 18.6 cm
E) 27.0 cm
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Type: BI
Objective: (10.1) Solve Apps: Evaluate Re-Expression Model
3) The model = 12 + 20(dia) can be used to predict the breaking strength of a rope (in kilograms) from its
diameter (in metres). According to this model, how much force should a rope one-half metre in diameter be able
to withstand?
A) 256 kg
B) 16 kg
C) 484 kg
D) 4.7 kg
E) 22 kg
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Type: BI
Objective: (10.1) Solve Apps: Evaluate Re-Expression Model
10.3 Interpret Scatterplot/Residuals Plot I
Based upon the residuals plot, do you think that this linear model is appropriate?
4) One of the important factors determining a car's fuel efficiency is its weight. This relationship is examined for
11 cars, and the association is shown in the scatterplot below.
5) The relationship between two quantities x and y is examined, and the association is shown in the scatterplot
below.
What does the slope say about the relationship between x and y?
A) For each increase in x of 1, the corresponding average decrease in y is 9.97.
B) For each increase in x of 1, the corresponding average increase in y is 37.74.
C) For each increase in x of 1, the corresponding average decrease in y is 37.74.
D) For each increase in x of 1, the corresponding average increase in y is 9.97.
E) For each increase in x of 1, y decreases by and average of 87.9%.
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Type: BI
Objective: (10.1) Interpret Scatterplot/Residuals Plot I
7) The relationship between two quantities x and y is examined, and the association is shown in the scatterplot
below.
Should you re-express these data before trying to fit a model? Explain.
A) Data should be re-expressed. Scatterplot shows upward curvature and increasing scatter as X increases.
B) Data should be re-expressed. Scatterplot shows linear relationship and uniform scatter.
C) Data does not need to be re-expressed. Scatterplot shows upward curvature and increasing scatter as X
increases.
D) Data should be re-expressed. Scatterplot shows linear relationship.
E) Data does not need to be re-expressed. Scatterplot shows linear relationship.
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Type: BI
Objective: (10.1) Interpret Scatterplot/Residuals Plot I
10) The relationship between two quantities X and Y is examined, and the association is shown in the scatterplot
below.
D) against X
E) against X
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Type: BI
Objective: (10.1) Interpret Scatterplot/Residuals Plot I
10.4 *Interpret Scatterplot/Residuals Plot II
Answer: Too high; the residuals are generally negative for times between 2 and 5 hours.
Diff: 2 Type: SA
Objective: (10.1) *Interpret Scatterplot/Residuals Plot II
2) Doctors studying how the human body assimilates medication inject some patients with penicillin, and then
monitor the concentration of the drug (in units/cc) in the patients' blood for seven hours. The data are shown in
the scatterplot. First they tried to fit a linear model. Now the researchers try a new model, using the re-expression
log(Concentration). Examine the regression analysis and the residuals plot below. Explain why you think this
model is better than the original linear model.
Answer: The association between age of a maple tree and its diameter is moderately strong, positive, and curved,
not linear.
Diff: 2 Type: SA
Objective: (10.1) *Interpret Scatterplot/Residuals Plot II
4) A forester would like to know how big a maple tree might be at age 50 years. She gathers data from some trees
that have been cut down, and plots the diameters (in inches) of the trees against their ages (in years). First she
makes a linear model. The scatterplot and residuals plot are shown. Do you think the linear model is
appropriate? Explain.
Answer: No, the plot of residuals shows an obvious pattern. Trees with diameters less than 6 inches have
negative residuals, trees with diameters between 9 and 14 inches have positive residuals, and trees with
diameters larger than 15 inches have negative residuals.
Diff: 2 Type: SA
Objective: (10.1) *Interpret Scatterplot/Residuals Plot II
5) A forester would like to know how big a maple tree might be at age 50 years. She gathers data from some trees
that have been cut down, and plots the diameters (in inches) of the trees against their ages (in years). First she
makes a linear model. The scatterplot and residuals plot are shown. If she uses this model to try to predict the
diameter of a 50-year old maple tree, would you expect that estimate to be fairly accurate, too low, or too high?
Explain.
Answer: Using this model to predict the diameter of a 50-year old maple tree would be too high. The model in
the original scatterplot is above the data points in the region of 50 years and the residuals above 15 inches are
negative indicating that the model would overestimate the diameter of the tree.
Diff: 2 Type: SA
Objective: (10.1) *Interpret Scatterplot/Residuals Plot II
6) A forester would like to know how big a maple tree might be at age 50 years. She gathers data from some trees
that have been cut down, and plots the diameters (in inches) of the trees against their ages (in years). First she
makes a linear model. Now she re-expresses the data, using the logarithm of age to try to predict the diameter of
the tree. Here are the regression analysis and the residuals plot. Explain why you think this is a better model.
a) Re-express the CPI by taking the log of the data, then plot the re-expressed data as a scatterplot.
b) Determine the regression equation and correlation coefficient for the re-expressed data.
c) Use your model from part (b) to predict the CPI in 2010.
Answer:
a)
Year CPI log(CPI)
1940 14.0 1.15
1950 24.1 1.38
1960 29.6 1.47
1970 38.8 1.59
1980 82.4 1.92
1990 130.7 2.12
2000 172.2 2.24
a) Re-express the dioxin concentration by taking the reciprocal square root of the data, then plot the re-expressed
data as a scatterplot.
b) Determine the regression equation and correlation coefficient for the re-expressed data.
c) Use your model from part (b) to predict the dioxin concentration at a distance of 500 metres.
Answer:
a)
Dioxin
Distance from concentration
dump (metres) (ppm) 1/
21 423 0.049
42 235 0.065
49 140 0.085
79 65 0.124
102 35 0.169
128 45 0.149
157 22 0.213
204 14 0.267
248 9 0.333
a) Re-express the number of knots untied by taking the inverse of each count, then plot the re-expressed data as a
scatterplot.
b) Determine the regression equation and correlation coefficient for the re-expressed data.
c) Interpret the y-intercept of your model. Does it have meaning?
Answer:
a)
Blood No. of Blood No. of
Alcohol Knots Alcohol Knots
Level Untied Level Untied
0.03 4 0.25 0.05 3 0.3333
0.06 1 1 0.02 5 0.2
0.06 2 0.5 0.01 10 0.1
0.01 10 0.1 0.07 1 1
0.04 2 0.5 0.09 1 1
0.04 3 0.3333 0.09 1 1
0.08 1 1 0.03 3 0.3333
0.06 2 0.5 0.07 2 0.5
0.04 4 0.25 0.05 3 0.3333
a) Re-express the data by squaring the number of calls per day, then plot the re-expressed data as a scatterplot.
b) Determine the regression equation and correlation coefficient for the re-expressed data.
c) Interpret the slope of your model. Comment on the meaning and usefulness of this slope.
Answer:
a)
Create an appropriate model to re-express the CPI. What re-expression of the CPI does this model involve?
A) -
B)
C) log (CPI)
D)
E)
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: BI
Objective: (10.1) Solve Apps: Re-Expression of Data
2) The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of the relative cost of goods in the a given country for a particular
year. The table below shows the CPI for a country for the stated years beginning in 1940.
Re-express the CPI. Then determine the regression equation and correlation coefficient for the re-expressed data.
A) Re-expression: log(CPI) ; y = 0.0184x - 34.5699, r = 0.9874
B) Re-expression: - log(CPI) ; y = -0.0184x - 34.5699, r = 0.9780
C) Re-expression: ; y = 0.0295x - 32.2299, r = 0.9874
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Type: BI
Objective: (10.1) Solve Apps: Re-Expression of Data
3) The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of the relative cost of goods in the a given country for a particular
year. The table below shows the CPI for a country for the stated years beginning in 1940.
Re-express the CPI. Then determine the regression equation for the re-expressed data. Use your model to predict
the CPI in 2,017.
A) 289.3
B) 277
C) 296.5
D) 261.2
E) 241.8
Answer: E
Diff: 3 Type: BI
Objective: (10.1) Solve Apps: Re-Expression of Data
4) Dioxins are a class of long-lived and highly toxic pollutants. The topsoil concentration in parts per million
(ppm) are shown in the table below as a function of distance from the dump.
Create an appropriate model to re-express the concentration (ppm). What re-expression of the concentration
(ppm) does this model involve?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E) log (ppm)
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: BI
Objective: (10.1) Solve Apps: Re-Expression of Data
5) Dioxins are a class of long-lived and highly toxic pollutants. The topsoil concentration in parts per million
(ppm) are shown in the table below as a function of distance from the dump.
Create an appropriate model to re-express the concentration (ppm). Then determine the regression equation and
correlation coefficient for the re-expressed data. Round all figures to 4 decimal places.
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Type: BI
Objective: (10.1) Solve Apps: Re-Expression of Data
6) Dioxins are a class of long-lived and highly toxic pollutants. The topsoil concentration in parts per million
(ppm) are shown in the table below as a function of distance from the dump.
Create an appropriate model to re-express the Concentration (ppm). Then use your model to predict the dioxin
concentration at a distance of 400 metres. Round all figures to 4 decimal places.
A) 3.56 ppm
B) 3.9477 ppm
C) 3.9196 ppm
D) 3.8796 ppm
E) 3.9714 ppm
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Type: BI
Objective: (10.1) Solve Apps: Re-Expression of Data
Answer: The model estimates this rope will have an approximate breaking strength of 1361 kg, but this
extrapolation should be viewed with caution.
Diff: 3 Type: SA
Objective: (10.1) *Solve Apps: Re-Express Data II
3) QuarkNet, a project funded by the National Science Foundation and the U.S. Department of Energy, poses the
following problem on its website:
"Last year, deep within the Soudan mine, QuarkNet teachers began a long-term experiment to measure the
amount of carbon-14 remaining in an initial 100-gram sample at 2000-year intervals. The experiment will be
complete in the year 32001. Fortunately, a method for sending information backwards in time will be discovered
in the year 29998, so, although the experiment is far from over, the results are in."
Straighten the scatterplot by re-expressing these data and create an appropriate model for predicting the mass
from the year.
Answer: Re-express the data using Time as the explanatory variable and log(Mass) as the response variable. The
model is log(M ss) = 2.00143 - 0.000055(Time).
Diff: 3 Type: SA
Objective: (10.1) *Solve Apps: Re-Express Data II
4) QuarkNet, a project funded by the National Science Foundation and the U.S. Department of Energy, poses the
following problem on its website:
"Last year, deep within the Soudan mine, QuarkNet teachers began a long-term experiment to measure the
amount of carbon-14 remaining in an initial 100-gram sample at 2000-year intervals. The experiment will be
complete in the year 32001. Fortunately, a method for sending information backwards in time will be discovered
in the year 29998, so, although the experiment is far from over, the results are in."
Use your model to estimate what the mass will be after 7500 years.
Answer: log(M ss) = 2.00143 - 0.000055(7500) = 1.58893, so M ss = g = 38.80088g remaining.
Diff: 2 Type: SA
Objective: (10.1) *Interpret Scatterplot/Residuals Plot II
5) QuarkNet, a project funded by the National Science Foundation and the U.S. Department of Energy, poses the
following problem on its website:
"Last year, deep within the Soudan mine, QuarkNet teachers began a long-term experiment to measure the
amount of carbon-14 remaining in an initial 100-gram sample at 2000-year intervals. The experiment will be
complete in the year 32001. Fortunately, a method for sending information backwards in time will be discovered
in the year 29998, so, although the experiment is far from over, the results are in."
Can you use your model to predict when 50 g of the sample will be left? Explain.
Answer: No. This model is to be used to predict Mass from Time, not Time from Mass. We would need to
develop a new model using Mass as the explanatory variable and Time as the response variable to make this
prediction.
Diff: 3 Type: SA
Objective: (10.1) *Solve Apps: Re-Express Data II
6) Doctors studying how the human body assimilates medication inject a patient with penicillin, and then
monitor the concentration of the drug in the patient's blood for several hours. The data are shown in the table.
Straighten the scatterplot by re-expressing these data and create an appropriate model for predicting the
concentration of penicillin.
Answer:
Re-express the data using Time as explanatory variable and log(Concentration) as response variable.
Model: log(Concen ration) = 1.789 - 0.169(Time)
Diff: 3 Type: SA
Objective: (10.1) *Solve Apps: Re-Express Data II
7) Doctors studying how the human body assimilates medication inject a patient with penicillin, and then
monitor the concentration of the drug in the patient's blood for several hours. The data are shown in the table.
Use your model to estimate what the concentration of penicillin will be after 8 hours.
Answer: When Time = 8, log(Co c) = 1.789 - 0.169(8) = 0.437; Co c = = 2.74 units/cc
Diff: 3 Type: SA
Objective: (10.1) *Solve Apps: Re-Express Data II
8) A forester would like to know how big a maple tree might be at age 50 years. She gathers data from some trees
that have been cut down, and plots the diameters (in inches) of the trees against their ages (in years). First she
makes a linear model. Now she re-expresses the data, using the logarithm of age to try to predict the diameter of
the tree. Here are the regression analysis and the residuals plot. Using this model, predict the diameter of a
maple tree at age 50 years.
Answer: = 2.96
Diff: 2 Type: SA
Objective: (10.1) *Tech: Create Curved Model
3) A company manufactures of polypropylene rope in six different sizes. To assess the strength of the ropes they
test two samples of each size to see how much force (in kilograms) the ropes will hold without breaking. The
table shows the results of the tests. We want to create a model for predicting the breaking strength from the
diameter of the rope. Use technology to create a curved model for the data.
4) A rock is dropped from a tall building and its distance (in feet) below the point of release is recorded as
accurately as possible at various times after the moment of release. The results are shown in the table. Use
technology to create a curved model for the data.
Answer: = 15.95
Diff: 2 Type: SA
Objective: (10.1) *Tech: Create Curved Model